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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2014|Wiley|JavaScript and JQuery: Interactive Front-End Web Development|Duckett, Jon|9781118531648\\n2010|Pearson|JavaScript by Example|Quigley, Ellie|9780137054893\\n2005|McGraw Hill|JavaScript Demystified|Keogh, Jim|9780072261349\\n2007|SitePoint|Simply JavaScript: Everything You Need to Learn JavaScript From Scratch|Yank, Kevin and Adams, Cameron|9780980285802\\n2009|Prentice Hall|JavaScript for Programmers|Deitel, Paul J.|9780137001316\\n2013|Manning|Secrets of the JavaScript Ninja|John Resig and Bear Bibeault|9781933988696\\n2012|Addison-Wesley Professional|Effective JavaScript: 68 Specific Ways to Harness the Power of JavaScript (Effective Software Development Series)|Herman, David|9780321812186\\n2008|O'Reilly Media|Head First JavaScript|Morrison, Michael|9780596527747\\n2004|Prentice Hall|Mastering the Internet, Xhtml, and Javascript|Zeid, Ibrahim|9780131400863\\n2018|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Web Programming with HTML5, CSS, and JavaScript|Dean, John|9781284091793\\n2017|Jones And Bartlett Learning,|Web Programming With Html5, Css, And Javascript|Dean, John , 1962- (author.)|9781284091793\\n2018|Independently published|Composing Software: An Exploration of Functional Programming and Object Composition in JavaScript|Elliott, Eric|9781661212568\\n2014|Wiley|JavaScript and jQuery: Interactive Front-End Web Development|Duckett, Jon|9781118871652\\n2009|Wrox|Beginning JavaScript|Wilton, Paul and McPeak, Jeremy|9780470525937\\n2013|For Dummies|PHP, MySQL, JavaScript & HTML5 All-in-One For Dummies|Suehring, Steve and Valade, Janet|9781118213704\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|Web Development with Node and Express: Leveraging the JavaScript Stack|Brown, Ethan|9781491949306\\n2015|O'Reilly Media|JavaScript Cookbook: Programming the Web|Powers, Shelley|9781491901885\\n2012|Sams Publishing|JavaScript in 24 Hours, Sams Teach Yourself (5th Edition)|Ballard, Phil|9780672336089\\n2003|McGraw-Hill Education|How to Do Everything with JavaScript|Duffy, Scott|9780072228878\\n2000|Wiley|Introduction to Interactive Programming on the Internet: Using HTML and JavaScript|Knuckles, Craig D.|9780471383666\\n2005|Cengage Learning|HTML and JavaScript BASICS (BASICS Series)|Barksdale, Karl and Turner, E. Shane|9780619266257\\n2010|Apress|Pro JavaScript with MooTools (Expert's Voice in Web Development)|Obcena, Mark|9781430230540\\n2017|Sams Publishing|PHP, MySQL & JavaScript All in One, Sams Teach Yourself|Meloni, Julie|9780672337703\\n2009|For Dummies|JavaScript & Ajax for Dummies|Harris, Andy|9780470417997\\n2001|Crisp Pub Inc|Course ILT: Javascript Programming|Technology, Course|9780619068059\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|Programming JavaScript Applications: Robust Web Architecture with Node, HTML5, and Modern JS Libraries|Elliott, Eric|9781491950296\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Mastering JavaScript|Antani, Ved|9781785281341\\n2007|Course Technology|JavaScript|Gosselin, Don|9781423901501\\n2009|Wrox|Professional JavaScript Frameworks: Prototype,YUI, ExtJS, Dojo and MooTools|Orchard, Leslie M. and Pehlivanian, Ara and Koon, Scott and Jones, Harley|9780470384596\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Mastering JavaScript Object-Oriented Programming|Chiarelli, Andrea|9781785889103\\n2008|AddisonWesley Professional|Dojo: Using the Dojo JavaScript Library to Build Ajax Applications|Harmon, James E.|9780132358040\\n2010|Apress|JavaScript for Absolute Beginners|McNavage, Terry|9781430272199\\n2003|Course Technology PTR|Learn JavaScript In a Weekend, Second Edition|Ford, Jr., Jerry Lee|9781592000869\\n2002|Cengage Learning PTR|JavaScript Programming for the Absolute Beginner|Harris, Andy|9780761534105\\n2020|Addison-Wesley Professional|Modern JavaScript for the Impatient|Horstmann, Cay|9780136502142\\n2012|O'Reilly Media|HTML5 and JavaScript Web Apps: Bridging the Gap Between the Web and the Mobile Web|Hales, Wesley|9781449320515\\n2008|Adobe Developer Library|AIR for Javascript Developers Pocket Guide: Getting Started with Adobe AIR|Chambers, Mike and Dura, Daniel and Dura, Daniel and Hoyt, Kevin and Hoyt, Kevin and Georgita, Dragos|9780596518370\\n2011|O'Reilly Media|Programming HTML5 Applications: Building Powerful Cross-Platform Environments in JavaScript|Kessin, Zachary|9781449399085\\n2001|Sams|Pure JavaScript (2nd Edition)|R. Allen Wyke and Charlton Ting and Jason D. Gilliam and Sean Michaels|9780672321412\\n2012|Packt Publishing|Getting Started with Meteor.js JavaScript Framework|Strack, Isaac|9781782160823\\n20170302|Independent Publishers Group (Chicago Review Press)|JavaScript: Optimizing Native JavaScript|Robert C. Etheredge|9780986307652\\n2007|Adobe Developer Library|Adobe Integrated Runtime (AIR) for JavaScript Developers Pocket Guide (Adobe Developer Library)|Chambers, Mike and Dura, Daniel and Hoyt, Kevin|9780596515195\\n2011|friends of ED|Foundation HTML5 Animation with JavaScript|Lamberta, Billy and Peters, Keith|9781430236658\\n2014|Apress|Scripting in Java: Integrating with Groovy and JavaScript|Sharan, Kishori|9781484207147\\n2008|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Mastering Dojo: Javascript and Ajax Tools for Great Web Experiences (Pragmatic Programmers)|Riecke, Craig and Gill, Rawld and Russell, Alex|9781934356111\\n2000|Sams|Javascript Unleashed||9780672317637\\n2008|Apress|Foundation Website Creation with CSS, XHTML, and JavaScript|Jonathan Lane and Meitar Moscovitz and Joseph R. Lewis|9781430209911\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Internet of Things Programming with JavaScript|Ramos, Ruben Oliva|9781785888564\\n20180509|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning PHP, MySQL & JavaScript|Robin Nixon|9781491979099\\n1999|Sams|Sams Teach Yourself Javascript 1.3 in 24 Hours (Teach Yourself in 24 Hours)|Moncur, Michael|9780672314070\\n2011|O'Reilly Media|Learning the iOS 4 SDK for JavaScript Programmers: Create Native Apps with Objective-C and Xcode|Goodman, Danny|9781449388454\\n1999|Apress|Professional JavaScript with DHTML, ASP, CGI, FESI, Netscape Enterprise Server, Windows Script Host, LiveConnect and Java|Chirelli, Andrea and Li, Sing and Wilton, Paul and McFarlane, Nigel and Updegrave, Stuart and Wilcox, Mark and Wootton, Cliff and McFarlane, Nigel and James De Carli|9781861002709\\n2000|Wrox|Beginning JavaScript (Programmer to Programmer)|Wilton, Paul|9780764544057\\n2013|O'Reilly Media|DOM Enlightenment: Exploring JavaScript and the Modern DOM|Lindley, Cody|9781449342845\\n20140328|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Client-Server Web Apps with JavaScript and Java|Casimir Saternos|9781449369316\\n2012|Apress|Learn HTML5 and JavaScript for iOS: Web Standards-based Apps for iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch|Preston, Scott|9781430240389\\n2002|Prentice Hall PTR|Essential JavaScript for Web Professionals (2nd Edition)|Barrett, Dan and Brown, Micah and Lifingston, Dan|9780131001473\\n2018|Pragmatic Bookshelf|3D Game Programming for Kids: Create Interactive Worlds with JavaScript|Strom, Chris|9781680502701\\n1997|Peachpit Pr|Javascript for the World Wide Web (Visual QuickStart Guide)|Gesing, Ted and Schneider, Jeremy|9780201688146\\n1997|Apress|Instant Javascript|McFarlane, Nigel and McFarlane|9781861001276\\n2005|Adobe Pr|Adobe Illustrator Cs2 Official Javascript Reference|Adobe Systems|9780321412942\\n2005|Adobe Pr|Adobe Golive Cs2 Official Javascript Reference|Adobe Systems|9780321409713\\n2013|O'Reilly Media|JavaScript Testing with Jasmine: JavaScript Behavior-Driven Development|Hahn, Evan|9781449356378\\n2004|McGraw-Hill|Teach Yourself Javascript|McBride, Mac|9780071435048\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Mastering JavaScript Functional Programming: Write clean, robust, and maintainable web and server code using functional JavaScript, 2nd Edition|Kereki, Federico|9781839213069\\n2001|Que Pub|Special Edition Using Javascript|McFedries, Paul|9780789725769\\n2016|Packt Publishing|JavaScript Projects for Kids|Towaha, Syed Omar Faruk|9781785287176\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Mastering JavaScript Design Patterns|Timms, Simon|9781783987986\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|TypeScript: JavaScript Development Guide|Brown, Nicholas|9781539124771\\n2011|Apress|HTML5 and JavaScript Projects (Expert's Voice in Web Development)|Meyer, Jeanine|9781430240327\\n2012|Posts and Telecom Press|JavaScript Efficient Graphical Programming (Chinese Edition)|[Mei]RaffaeleCecco|9787115278814\\n2020|BPB Publications|JavaScript for Modern Web Development: Building a Web Application Using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript (English Edition)|Ranjan, Alok and Sinha, Abhilasha and Battewad, Ranjit|9789389328721\\n2017|Springer Nature|Beginning Functional JavaScript|Anto Aravinth|9781484226568\\n1996|Hayden Books|Javascript for Macintosh|Shobe, Matt and Ritchey, Tim|9781568302782\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Reactive Programming with JavaScript|Hayward, Jonathan|9781783558551\\n2002|Sams Publishing|JavaScript Unleashed (4th Edition)|Wyke, R. Allen and Gilliam, Jason|9780672324314\\n2020|Manning Publications|The Joy of JavaScript|Atencio, Luis|9781617295867\\n2001|Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated|Mastering Javascript Premium Edition|James Jaworski and Jamie Jaworski|9780782128192\\n2012|O'Reilly Media|Node: Up and Running: Scalable Server-Side Code with JavaScript|Hughes-Croucher, Tom and Wilson, Mike|9781449398583\\n2009|Packt Publishing|Drupal 6 JavaScript and jQuery|Butcher, Matt|9781847196163\\n20140918|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|JavaScript & jQuery: The Missing Manual|David Sawyer McFarland|9781491948620\\n1996|Ziff Davis|JavaScript 2.1 Manual of Style|Mark Johnson|9781562764234\\n2011|Apress|Pro iOS Web Design and Development: HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript with Safari|Picchi, Andrea and Willat, Carl|9781430232469\\n2014|Apress|Pro TypeScript: Application-Scale JavaScript Development|Fenton, Steve|9781430267904\\n2012|Apress|Pro Windows 8 Development with HTML5 and JavaScript (Expert's Voice in Microsoft)|Freeman, Adam|9781430244011\\n2009|Sams|Sams Teach Yourself JavaScript and Ajax: Video Learning Starter Kit|Sams Publishing|9780672330377\\n1996|New Riders|Inside Javascript|New Riders and Jill Bond|9780737215748\\n2015|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Reactive Programming with RxJS: Untangle Your Asynchronous JavaScript Code|Mansilla, Sergi|9781680501292\\n2019|Apress|JavaScript Frameworks for Modern Web Development: The Essential Frameworks, Libraries, and Tools to Learn Right Now|bin Uzayr, Sufyan and Cloud, Nicholas and Ambler, Tim|9781484249956\\n2000|Charles River Media|Javascript CD Cookbook|Monroe, J Brook and Sadun, Erica|9781584500209\\n2011|Packt Publishing|iPhone JavaScript Cookbook|Fernandez Montoro, Arturo|9781849691086\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Computer Programming: 6 Books in 1: Beginner's Guide + Best Practices to Programming Code with Python, JavaScript and Java|Masterson, Charlie|9781548828547\\n2004|Unknown|An Introduction to Programming Using JavaScript (M150 Data, Computing and Information)||9780749257644\\n1996|Wiley|JavaScript Sourcebook: Create Interactive JavaScript Programs for the World Wide Web|McComb, Gordon|9780471161851\\n29-06-2016|Packt Publishing|Mastering JavaScript Design Patterns|Simon Timms|9781785880353\\n2003|Apress|Practical Javascript for the Usable Web|Wilton, Paul and Williams, Stephen and Li, Sing|9781590591895\\n2009|Prentice Hall Ptr|Javascript Fundamentals I And Ii Livelessons Bundle|Paul J. Deitel|9780137018253\\n20061130|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Prototype and Scriptaculous: Taking the Pain out of JavaScript|Chris Angus|9780596529192\\n2019|Independently Published|Javascript|Ryan Turner|9781697517811\\n20181114|Springer Nature|Full Stack JavaScript|Azat Mardan|9781484237182\\n1998|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|Javascript Annotated Archives|Frentzen, Jeff and Sobotka, Henry and McNair, Dewayne|9780078823640\\n20180215|Springer Nature|Objektorientierte Programmierung mit JavaScript|Jörg Bewersdorff|9783658210779\\n2015|Apress|JavaScript Quick Syntax Reference|Olsson, Mikael|9781430264941\\n42726|Packt Publishing|TypeScript: Modern JavaScript Development|Remo H. Jansen|9781787287594\\n2011|Apress|Pro JavaScript with MooTools: Laerning Advanced JavaScript Programming (Expert's Voice in Web Development)|Obcena, Mark|9781430230557\\n2003|Adobe Pr|Extending Acrobat Forms With Javascript|Deubert, John|9780321172389\\n20120113|Springer Nature|Foundation HTML5 Animation with JavaScript|Billy Lamberta; Keith Peters|9781430236665\\n20120808|Springer Nature|Pro JavaScript for Web Apps|Adam Freeman|9781430244622\\n2015|Apress|JavaScript Frameworks for Modern Web Dev|Ambler, Tim and Cloud, Nicholas|9781484206621\\n2013|Apress|Expert JavaScript (Expert's Voice in Web Development)|Daggett, Mark E.|9781430260981\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|Building Web Apps with Ember.js: Write Ambitious JavaScript|Cravens, Jesse and Brady, Thomas Q|9781449370923\\n20140804|Pearson Education (US)|Introduction to JavaScript Programming with XML and PHP|Elizabeth Drake|9780133560107\\n20150630|Packt Publishing|Getting Started with Meteor.js JavaScript Framework - Second Edition|Isaac Strack|9781785282270\\n2011|Apress|Beginning iPhone and iPad Web Apps: Scripting with HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript|Apers, Chris and Daniel Paterson|9781430230465\\n2014|Apress|Beginning JavaScript Charts: With jqPlot, d3, and Highcharts (Expert's Voice in Web Development)|Nelli, Fabio|9781430262909\\n2011|Apress|The Essential Guide to HTML5: Using Games to learn HTML5 and JavaScript (Essential Guide To...)|Meyer, Jeanine|9781430233848\\n2013|Apress|Beginning Windows Store Application Development: HTML and JavaScript Edition (The Expert's Voice in Windows 8)|Isaacs, Scott and Burns, Kyle|9781430257806\\n2020-11-10T00:00:01Z|Drip Digital|Learn JavaScript Quickly: A Complete Beginner’s Guide to Learning JavaScript, Even If You’re New to Programming (Crash Course With Hands-On Project)|Quickly, Code|9781951791476\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|Head First JavaScript Programming: A Brain-Friendly Guide|Eric Freeman and Robson, Elisabeth|9781449340131\\n2014|No Starch Press|JavaScript for Kids: A Playful Introduction to Programming|Morgan, Nick|9781593274085\\n2019|O'Reilly Media|Programming TypeScript: Making Your JavaScript Applications Scale|Cherny, Boris|9781492037651\\n2020|Addison-Wesley Professional|Modern JavaScript for the Impatient|Horstmann, Cay S.|9780136502159\\n2012|Wrox|Professional JavaScript for Web Developers|Zakas, Nicholas C.|9781118026694\\n2021|Packt Publishing|Interactive Dashboards and Data Apps with Plotly and Dash: Harness the power of a fully fledged frontend web framework in Python – no JavaScript required|Dabbas, Elias|9781800568914\\n2014|No Starch Press|The Principles of Object-Oriented JavaScript|Zakas, Nicholas C.|9781593275402\\n2010|O'Reilly Media|JavaScript Patterns: Build Better Applications with Coding and Design Patterns|Stefanov, Stoyan|9780596806750\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|Head First JavaScript Programming: A Brain-Friendly Guide|Freeman, Eric and Robson, Elisabeth|9781449343965\\n2012|O'Reilly Media|JavaScript Pocket Reference: Activate Your Web Pages (Pocket Reference (O'Reilly))|Flanagan, David|9781449316853\\n2016|Que Publishing|JavaScript Absolute Beginner's Guide|Chinnathambi Kirupa|9780134498621\\n2016|Manning Publications|Functional Programming in JavaScript: How to improve your JavaScript programs using functional techniques|Atencio, Luis|9781617292828\\n2021|Packt Publishing|JavaScript from Beginner to Professional: Learn JavaScript quickly by building fun, interactive, and dynamic web apps, games, and pages|Svekis, Laurence Lars and Putten, Maaike van and Percival, Rob|9781800566774\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Mastering JavaScript Functional Programming: Write clean, robust, and maintainable web and server code using functional JavaScript, 2nd Edition|Kereki, Federico|9781839217425\\n2022|The MIT Press|Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs: JavaScript Edition (MIT Electrical Engineering and Computer Science)|Abelson, Harold and Sussman, Gerald Jay|9780262367622\\n2019|Candlewick|Get Coding 2! Build Five Computer Games Using HTML and JavaScript|Whitney, David|9781536210309\\n2012|Addison-Wesley Professional|Effective JavaScript (Effective Software Development Series)|Herman, David|9780132902250\\n2020|Independently published|Coding for Kids Ages 9-15: Simple HTML, CSS and JavaScript lessons to get you started with Programming from Scratch|Mather, Bob|9798644382446\\n2010|Wiley|Learn JavaScript and Ajax with w3Schools|W3Schools and Refsnes, Hege and Refsnes, Stale and Refsnes, Kai Jim and Refsnes, Jan Egil|9780470611944\\n2010|Pearson|JavaScript by Example|Quigley, Ellie|9780137084760\\n2017-04-18T00:00:01Z|Maia LLC|Programming Fundamentals in JavaScript|Barzee, Rex A.|9780996246330\\n2017|Make Community, LLC|Making Things Smart: Easy Embedded JavaScript Programming for Making Everyday Objects into Intelligent Machines|Williams, Gordon F.|9781680451894\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Clean Code in JavaScript: Develop reliable, maintainable, and robust JavaScript|Padolsey, James|9781789957297\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|JavaScript & jQuery: The Missing Manual (Missing Manuals)|McFarland, David Sawyer|9781491947074\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|Learning Web App Development: Build Quickly with Proven JavaScript Techniques|Purewal, Semmy|9781449370190\\n2019|Apress|Beginning Ethereum Smart Contracts Programming: With Examples in Python, Solidity, and JavaScript|Lee, Wei-Meng|9781484250860\\n2019|Pearson|\"Introduction to JavaScript Programming The \"\"Nothing but a Browser\"\" Approach\"|Roberts, Eric|9780135245859\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Functional-Light JavaScript: Balanced, Pragmatic FP in JavaScript|Simpson, Kyle|9781981672349\\n2019|Wrox|Professional JavaScript for Web Developers|Frisbie, Matt|9781119366577\\n2013|Manning|Single Page Web Applications: JavaScript end-to-end|Mikowski, Michael and Powell, Josh|9781638351344\\n2014|Microsoft Press|Exam Ref 70-480 Programming in HTML5 with JavaScript and CSS3 (MCSD)|Delorme, Rick|9780735676633\\n2018|Apress|Learn JavaScript with p5.js: Coding for Visual Learners|Arslan, Engin|9781484234266\\n2017|Apress|Introducing JavaScript Game Development: Build a 2D Game from the Ground Up|Stuart, Graeme|9781484232521\\n2021|Apress|Beginning Machine Learning in the Browser: Quick-start Guide to Gait Analysis with JavaScript and TensorFlow.js|Suryadevara, Nagender Kumar|9781484268421\\n2014|No Starch Press|JavaScript for Kids: A Playful Introduction to Programming|Morgan, Nick|9781593276591\\n2011|O'Reilly Media|Head First HTML5 Programming: Building Web Apps with JavaScript|Freeman, Eric and Robson, Elisabeth|9781449390549\\n2013|Addison-Wesley Professional|Web Game Developer's Cookbook, The: Using JavaScript and HTML5 to Develop Games (Game Design)|Burchard, Evan|9780133358674\\n2016|Addison-Wesley Professional|Learning Node.js: A Hands-On Guide to Building Web Applications in JavaScript|Wandschneider, Marc|9780134663722\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Mastering JavaScript Promises|Hussain, Muzzamil|9781783985500\\n2019|Apress|JavaScript Data Structures and Algorithms: An Introduction to Understanding and Implementing Core Data Structure and Algorithm Fundamentals|Bae, Sammie|9781484239889\\n2018|Sams Publishing|JavaScript in 24 Hours, Sams Teach Yourself|Ballard, Phil|9780135166956\\n2017|Sams Publishing|PHP, MySQL & JavaScript All in One, Sams Teach Yourself|Meloni Julie C.|9780134439587\\n2014|Sams Publishing|HTML, CSS and JavaScript All in One, Sams Teach Yourself: Covering HTML5, CSS3, and jQuery|Meloni, Julie C.|9780133795189\\n2016|No Starch Press|Understanding ECMAScript 6: The Definitive Guide for JavaScript Developers|Zakas, Nicholas C.|9781593277987\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Hands-On JavaScript High Performance: Build faster web apps using Node.js, Svelte.js, and WebAssembly|Scherer, Justin|9781838825867\\n2019|Independently published|JavaScript Grammar|Sidelnikov, Greg|9781091212169\\n2013-04-08T00:00:01Z|Microsoft Press|Training Guide: Programming in HTML5 with JavaScript and CSS3 (Microsoft Press Training Guide)|Johnson, Glenn|9780735674387\\n1997|IDG Books Worldwide|JavaScript for Dummies, 2nd Edition|Emily A. Vander Veer|9780764502231\\n2011|O'Reilly Media|JavaScript & jQuery: The Missing Manual|McFarland, David Sawyer|9781449399023\\n2020|Black and White Line Ltd|JavaScript for beginners: The simplified for absolute beginner's guide to learn and understand computer programming coding with JavaScript step by step. Basics concepts and practice examples inside.|Python, Matthew|9781801257534\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Learning JavaScript Data Structures and Algorithms: Write complex and powerful JavaScript code using the latest ECMAScript, 3rd Edition|Groner, Loiane|9781788624947\\n2021|Ladoo Publishing LLC|Javascript: This book includes: Javascript Basics For Beginners + Javascript Front End Programming + Javascript Back End Programming|Vickler, Andy|9781955786010\\n2012-12-11T00:00:01Z|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's JavaScript and jQuery|Zak Ruvalcaba and Mike Murach|9781890774707\\n2018|Manning Publications|JavaScript on Things: Hacking hardware for web developers|Gardner, Lyza Danger|9781617293863\\n2020|Apress|Essential ASP.NET Web Forms Development: Full Stack Programming with C#, SQL, Ajax, and JavaScript|Beasley, Robert E.|9781484257845\\n2017|Apress|Enhancing Adobe Acrobat DC Forms with JavaScript|Harder, Jennifer|9781484228937\\n2019|Que Publishing|JavaScript Absolute Beginner's Guide|Chinnathambi, Kirupa|9780136204350\\n2013|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Node.js the Right Way: Practical, Server-Side JavaScript That Scales|Wilson, Jim|9781937785734\\n2011|O'Reilly Media|Head First HTML5 Programming: Building Web Apps with JavaScript|Robson, Elisabeth and Freeman, Eric|9781449319366\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Learning JavaScript Data Structures and Algorithms|Groner, Loiane|9781783554874\\n2021|Apress|Decoupled Django: Understand and Build Decoupled Django Architectures for JavaScript Front-ends|Gagliardi, Valentino|9781484271445\\n2019-04-14T00:00:01Z|Independently published|JavaScript Programming: A Step-by-Step Guide for Absolute Beginners|Brian Jenkins|9781093985948\\n2016|Apress|Making Games: With JavaScript|Pitt, Christopher|9781484224939\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Mastering JavaScript Functional Programming: In-depth guide for writing robust and maintainable JavaScript code in ES8 and beyond|Kereki, Federico|9781787289734\\n2013|Pragmatic Bookshelf|3D Game Programming for Kids: Create Interactive Worlds with JavaScript (Pragmatic Programmers)|Strom, Chris|9781937785444\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Learn Blockchain Programming with JavaScript: Build your very own Blockchain and decentralized network with JavaScript and Node.js|Traub, Eric|9781789618822\\n2013|O'Reilly Media|JavaScript Enlightenment: From Library User to JavaScript Developer|Lindley, Cody|9781449342883\\n2015|No Starch Press|Build an HTML5 Game: A Developer's Guide with CSS and JavaScript|Bunyan, Karl|9781593275754\\n2012|Apress|Foundation Game Design with HTML5 and JavaScript|van der Spuy, Rex|9781430247166\\n2010|Cengage Learning|HTML and JavaScript BASICS|Barksdale, Karl and Turner, E. Shane|9780538742351\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Advanced JavaScript: Speed up web development with the powerful features and benefits of JavaScript|Shute, Zachary|9781789803891\\n2021|O'Reilly Media|JavaScript Cookbook: Programming the Web|Scott, Adam D. and MacDonald, Matthew and Powers, Shelley|9781492055754\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Learn Blockchain Programming with JavaScript: Build your very own Blockchain and decentralized network with JavaScript and Node.js|Traub, Eric|9781789614848\\n2013|Apress|Foundation Game Design with HTML5 and JavaScript|van der Spuy, Rex|9781430247173\\n2022|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Programming Phoenix LiveView: Interactive Elixir Web Programming Without Writing Any JavaScript|Tate, Bruce A. and DeBenedetto, Sophie|9781680508215\\n2019|Packt Publishing|The JavaScript Workshop: Learn to develop interactive web applications with clean and maintainable JavaScript code|Labrecque, Joseph and Love, Jahred and Rosenbaum, Daniel and Turner, Nick and Mehla, Gaurav and Hosford, Alonzo L. and Sloot, Florian and Kirkbride, Philip|9781838645885\\n2015|Sams Publishing|JavaScript in 24 Hours, Sams Teach Yourself|Ballard Phil|9780134172170\\n2013|Pearson|Introduction to JavaScript Programming with XML and PHP|Drake, Elizabeth|9780133068306\\n2020|Apress|Essential ASP.NET Web Forms Development: Full Stack Programming with C#, SQL, Ajax, and JavaScript|Beasley, Robert E.|9781484257838\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Object-Oriented JavaScript: Learn everything you need to know about object-oriented JavaScript (OOJS)|Antani, Ved and Stefanov, Stoyan|9781785884719\\n2014-05-06T00:00:00.000Z|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Programming the BeagleBone Black: Getting Started with JavaScript and BoneScript|Monk, Simon|9780071832120\\n2007|Apress|Pro JavaScript Design Patterns: The Essentials of Object-Oriented JavaScript Programming|Diaz, Dustin and Harmes, Ross|9781590599082\\n2017-11-29T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Mastering JavaScript Functional Programming: In-depth guide for writing robust and maintainable JavaScript code in ES8 and beyond|Kereki, Federico|9781787287440\\n2013|Pearson|Introduction to JavaScript Programming with XML and PHP (2-downloads)|Drake, Elizabeth|9780133251821\\n2012|Sams Publishing|Sams Teach Yourself JavaScript in 24 Hours|Ballard, Phil and Moncur, Michael|9780133048315\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Learning JavaScript Data Structures and Algorithms: Hone your skills by learning classic data structures and algorithms in JavaScript, 2nd Edition|Groner, Loiane|9781783553884\\n2021|Packt Publishing|End-to-End Web Testing with Cypress: Explore techniques for automated frontend web testing with Cypress and JavaScript|Mwaura, Waweru|9781839215636\\n2016|Manning Publications|Get Programming with JavaScript|Larsen, John|9781617293108\\n2013|Microsoft Press|Training Guide Programming in HTML5 with JavaScript and CSS3 (MCSD) (Microsoft Press Training Guide)|Johnson, Glenn|9780735674349\\n2018|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Node.js 8 the Right Way: Practical, Server-Side JavaScript That Scales|Wilson, Jim|9781680501957\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Beginning API Development with Node.js: Build highly scalable, developer-friendly APIs for the modern web with JavaScript and Node.js|Nandaa, Anthony|9781789534177\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Programming: Computer Programming For Beginners: Learn The Basics Of HTML5, JavaScript & CSS (Coding, C Programming, Java Programming, Web Design, JavaScript, Python, HTML and CSS)|Connor, Joseph|9781541006225\\n2016-06-22T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|JavaScript: Learn JavaScript in 24 Hours or Less - A Beginner’s Guide To Learning JavaScript Programming Now (JavaScript, JavaScript Programming)|Dwight, Robert|9781534821859\\n2014|Apress|Building JavaScript Games: for Phones, Tablets, and Desktop|Egges, Arjan|9781430265399\\n2021|Microsoft Press|Begin to Code with JavaScript|Miles, Rob|9780136870630\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|Test-Driven Development with Python: Obey the Testing Goat: Using Django, Selenium, and JavaScript|Percival, Harry|9781449364823\\n2015|Apress|Advanced Game Design with HTML5 and JavaScript|van der Spuy, Rex|9781430258018\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Advanced TypeScript Programming Projects: Build 9 different apps with TypeScript 3 and JavaScript frameworks such as Angular, React, and Vue|O'Hanlon, Peter|9781788991018\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Mastering JavaScript Object-Oriented Programming|Chiarelli, Andrea|9781785888267\\n2018|Apress|HTML5 and JavaScript Projects: Build on your Basic Knowledge of HTML5 and JavaScript to Create Substantial HTML5 Applications|Meyer, Jeanine|9781484238639\\n2012|Wrox|Professional Node.js: Building Javascript Based Scalable Software|Teixeira, Pedro|9781118185469\\n2014|Apress|Physics for JavaScript Games, Animation, and Simulations: with HTML5 Canvas|Dobre, Adrian and Ramtal, Dev|9781430263371\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Object-Oriented JavaScript: Learn everything you need to know about object-oriented JavaScript (OOJS), 3rd Edition|Antani, Ved and Stefanov, Stoyan|9781785880568\\n2011|Cengage Learning|Principles of Program Design: Problem-Solving with JavaScript (Logic and Design)|Addison, Paul|9781133387299\\n2019-05-04T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Discover Functional JavaScript: An overview of Functional and Object Oriented Programming in JavaScript|Salcescu, Cristian|9781095338780\\n2013|O'Reilly Media|Developing Backbone.js Applications: Building Better JavaScript Applications|Osmani, Addy|9781449328252\\n2017|Apress|Pro TypeScript: Application-Scale JavaScript Development|Fenton, Steve|9781484232491\\n2015|Make Community, LLC|JavaScript Robotics: Building NodeBots with Johnny-Five, Raspberry Pi, Arduino, and BeagleBone (Make)|Media, Backstop and Waldron, Rick|9781457186950\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Hands-on JavaScript for Python Developers: Leverage your Python knowledge to quickly learn JavaScript and advance your web development career|Nagale, Sonyl|9781838641047\\n2012|Wiley|Smashing Node.js: JavaScript Everywhere|Rauch, Guillermo|9781119962595\\n2008|Packt Publishing|Object-Oriented JavaScript: Create scalable, reusable high-quality JavaScript applications and libraries|Stefanov, Stoyan|9781847194145\\n2019|Apress|Beginning JavaScript: The Ultimate Guide to Modern JavaScript Development|Ferguson, Russ|9781484243954\\n2014|Apress|Physics for JavaScript Games, Animation, and Simulations: with HTML5 Canvas|Dobre, Adrian and Ramtal, Dev|9781430263388\\n2005|McGraw-Hill Education|JavaScript Demystified|Keogh, Jim|9780071471398\\n2009|O'Reilly Media|Learning PHP, MySQL, and Javascript (Animal Guide)|Robin Nixon|9780596157135\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Learning Three.js – the JavaScript 3D Library for WebGL - Second Edition: Create stunning 3D graphics in your browser using the Three.js JavaScript library|Dirksen, Jos|9781784391027\\n2001|Que Pub|Javascript 1.5 by Example|Kingsley-Hughes, Adrian and Kingsley-Hughes, Kathie|9780789724991\\n2012|McGraw-Hill Education|JavaScript The Complete Reference 3rd Edition|Powell, Thomas A. and Schneider, Fritz|9780071741217\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Javascript: Learn Javascript In A DAY! - The Ultimate Crash Course to Learning the Basics of the Javascript Programming Language In No Time ... Javascript Course, Javascript Development)|Acodemy|9781507587140\\n2015|Packt Publishing|JavaScript Unlocked|Sheiko, Dmitry|9781785885068\\n2021|Packt Publishing|Deno Web Development: Write, test, maintain, and deploy JavaScript and TypeScript web applications using Deno|Santos, Alexandre Portela dos|9781800201149\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Computer Programming For Beginners: Learn The Basics of Java, SQL, C, C++, C#, Python, HTML, CSS and Javascript|Alvin, Cooper|9781981497805\\n2016-11-04T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|JAVASCRIPT: Easy JavaScript Programming For Beginners. Your Step-By-Step Guide to Learning JavaScript Programming (JavaScript Series)|Alvaro, Felix|9781539929185\\n2013|For Dummies|HTML5 Programming with JavaScript For Dummies|Mueller, John Paul|9781118431665\\n2010|O'Reilly Media|JavaScript Cookbook|Powers, Shelley|9780596806132\\n2015|Packt Publishing|JavaScript Concurrency|Boduch, Adam|9781785889233\\n2017|Apress|Building Web Applications with Visual Studio 2017: Using .NET Core and Modern JavaScript Frameworks|Japikse, Philip and Kevin Grossnicklaus and Ben Dewey|9781484224786\\n2021|Dr. Lucas J. Loan|JavaScript Crash Course: The Only Guide to Quickly Learn JavaScript, the Most Used Programming Language||9781801567824\\n2021|Independently published|Javascript: This book includes : Javascript Basics For Beginners + Javascript Front End Programming + Javascript Back End Programming|Vickler, Andy|9798718960556\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|JavaScript Pocket Reference (2nd Edition)|Flanagan, David|9780596004118\\n2018|Packt Publishing|D3.js Quick Start Guide: Create amazing, interactive visualizations in the browser with JavaScript|Huntington, Matthew|9781789347746\\n2019|Apress|Building Web Applications with .NET Core 2.1 and JavaScript: Leveraging Modern JavaScript Frameworks|Japikse, Philip and Grossnicklaus, Kevin and Dewey, Ben|9781484253526\\n2009|Jones & Bartlett Learning|The JavaScript Programming Language|Toal, Ray and Dionisio, John David|9780763766580\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Advanced TypeScript Programming Projects: Build 9 different apps with TypeScript 3 and JavaScript frameworks such as Angular, React, and Vue|O'Hanlon, Peter|9781789133042\\n2010|Wrox|JavaScript 24-Hour Trainer|McPeak, Jeremy|9780470647837\\n2010|O'Reilly Media|Closure: The Definitive Guide: Google Tools to Add Power to Your JavaScript|Bolin, Michael|9781449381875\\n2017|Packt Publishing|JavaScript by Example: Learn modern web development with real-world applications|S, Dani Akash|9781788299008\\n2010|Peachpit Press|The JavaScript Pocket Guide (Peachpit Pocket Guide)|Burdette, Lenny|9780321700957\\n2013|Packt Publishing|JavaScript and JSON Essentials|Sriparasa, Sai Srinivas|9781783286041\\n2002|Wiley|Making Use of JavaScript|Bhasin, Shweta|9780471219767\\n2018|Independently published|Javascript for Beginners: The Simple Way to Start Programming|Connors, K.|9781723929762\\n2013|Apress|Beginning JavaScript with DOM Scripting and Ajax: Second Editon|Ferguson, Russ and Heilmann, Christian|9781430250937\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Mastering JavaScript Single Page Application Development|Klauzinski, Philip and Moore, John|9781785886447\\n2016|Packt Publishing|JavaScript: Functional Programming for JavaScript Developers|Antani, Ved and Timms, Simon and Mantyla, Dan|9781787124660\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Test-driven JavaScript Development|Gupta, Ravi Kumar and Singh, Harmeet and Prajapati,  Hetal|9781785288746\\n2011|For Dummies|HTML, CSS, and JavaScript Mobile Development For Dummies|Harrel, William|9781118026229\\n2021|Cengage Learning|JavaScript for Web Warriors|Carey, Patrick and Vodnik, Sasha|9780357638033\\n2020|MiraVista Press|Javascript: Optimizing Native Javascript: Designing, Programming, and Debugging Native JavaScript Applications|Etheredge, Robert C.|9781952433337\\n2019-04-09T00:00:01Z|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Web Development with ReasonML: Type-Safe, Functional Programming for JavaScript Developers|Eisenberg, J. David|9781680506334\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Build Applications with Meteor: Isomorphic JavaScript web development|Ganev, Dobrin|9781787124738\\n2012|Apress|Pro Android Web Game Apps: Using HTML5, CSS3 and JavaScript|Bura, Juriy and Coates, Paul|9781430238195\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Practical Internet of Things with JavaScript: Build standalone exciting IoT projects with Raspberry Pi 3 and JavaScript (ES5/ES6)|Ravulavaru, Arvind|9781788295598\\n2013|Microsoft Press|JavaScript Step by Step (Step by Step Developer)|Suehring, Steve|9780735667310\\n2013|Sams Publishing|jQuery and JavaScript in 24 Hours, Sams Teach Yourself|Dayley Brad|9780133414196\\n1999|O'Reilly Media|JavaScript Application Cookbook: Programming JavaScript Applications|Bradenbaugh, Jerry|9781565925779\\n2021|Hacktech Academy|Learn JavaScript Programming: 3 Books in 1 - The Best Beginner's Guide to Learn JavaScript and Master Front End & Back End Programming|Hacktech Academy|9781802350463\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Building Web and Mobile ArcGIS Server Applications with JavaScript - Second Edition: Build exciting custom web and mobile GIS applications with the ArcGIS Server API for JavaScript|Pimpler, Eric and Lewin, Mark|9781787280359\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Internet of Things with Raspberry Pi 3: Leverage the power of Raspberry Pi 3 and JavaScript to build exciting IoT projects|Rao, Maneesh|9781788620659\\n2018|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Reactive Programming with RxJS 5: Untangle Your Asynchronous JavaScript Code|Mansilla, Sergi|9781680502473\\n2020|Apress|Modern Programming Made Easy: Using Java, Scala, Groovy, and JavaScript|Davis, Adam L.|9781484255698\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Learning D3.js 4 Mapping - Second Edition: Build cutting-edge maps and visualizations with JavaScript|Newton, Thomas and Villarreal, Oscar and Verspohl, Lars|9781787284258\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Mastering Immutable.js: Better JavaScript development using immutable data|Boduch, Adam|9781788397247\\n2018|Apress|The Essential Guide to HTML5: Using Games to Learn HTML5 and JavaScript|Meyer, Jeanine|9781484241554\\n2017|Apress|Building a 2D Game Physics Engine: Using HTML5 and JavaScript|Tanaya, Michael and Chen, Huaming and Pavleas, Jebediah and Sung, Kelvin|9781484225837\\n2015|Packt Publishing|JavaScript JSON Cookbook|Rischpater, Ray|9781785284359\\n2010|Wrox|Professional XMPP Programming with JavaScript and jQuery|Moffitt, Jack|9780470540718\\n2011|Springer|Guide to HTML, JavaScript and PHP: For Scientists and Engineers|Brooks, David R.|9780857294494\\n2020-01-18T00:00:01Z|Apress|Modern Programming Made Easy: Using Java, Scala, Groovy, and JavaScript|Davis, Adam L.|9781484255681\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Functional Programming in JavaScript|Mantyla, Dan|9781784398224\\n2018|Apress|Front-End Reactive Architectures: Explore the Future of the Front-End using Reactive JavaScript Frameworks and Libraries|Mezzalira, Luca|9781484231807\\n2018|Manning Publications|Get Programming with JavaScript Next: New features of ECMAScript 2015, 2016, and beyond|Isaacks, J.D.|9781617294204\\n2014|Apress|JavaScript Creativity: Exploring the Modern Capabilities of JavaScript and HTML5|Hudson, Shane|9781430259459\\n2018|Independently published|HTML, CSS & JavaScript for Complete Beginners: A Step by Step Guide to Learning HTML5, CSS3 and the JavaScript Programming Language|Hawramani, Ikram|9781790591848\\n2014|Apress|Pro JavaScript Development: Coding, Capabilities, and Tooling|Odell, Den|9781430262695\\n2011|Apress|JavaScript for Absolute Beginners|McNavage, Terry|9781430272182\\n2015|Apress|Pro JavaScript Techniques: Second Edition|Paxton, John and Resig, John and Ferguson, Russ|9781430263920\\n2017-09-07T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|React: Quickstart Step-By-Step Guide To Learning React Javascript Library (React.js, Reactjs, Learning React JS, React Javascript, React Programming)|Lopez, Lionel|9781976210235\\n2013|Packt Publishing|Learning Three.js: The JavaScript 3D Library for WebGL|Dirksen, Jos|9781782166283\\n2010|McGraw-Hill Education|Plug-In JavaScript 100 Power Solutions|Nixon, Robin|9780071738620\\n2016|Apress|Modern Programming Made Easy: Using Java, Scala, Groovy, and JavaScript|Davis, Adam L.|9781484224908\\n2017-03-10T00:00:01Z|Apress|Beginning Functional JavaScript: Functional Programming with JavaScript Using EcmaScript 6|Aravinth, Anto|9781484226551\\n2016|Packt Publishing|TypeScript: Modern JavaScript Development|Jansen, Remo H. and Vane, Vilic and Wolff, Ivo Gabe de|9781787289086\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Building Web and Mobile ArcGIS Server Applications with JavaScript|Pimpler, Eric|9781849697965\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|JavaScript: JavaScript Programming For Absolute Beginner's Ultimate Guide to JavaScript Coding, JavaScript Programs and JavaScript Language|Sullivan, William|9781978421868\\n2006|Sams Publishing|Sams Teach Yourself JavaScript in 24 Hours (4th Edition)|Moncur, Michael|9780672328794\\n2019-05-01T00:00:01Z|Independently published|JavaScript Programming Pattern: Looping intelligence|YAKUB, MOHMAD|9781096466093\\n2017-09-25T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Javascript: Javascript Programming The Ultimate Beginners Guide|Hutten, Dennis|9781977650719\\n2019-09-06T00:00:01Z|Apress|Beginning Ethereum Smart Contracts Programming: With Examples in Python, Solidity, and JavaScript|Lee, Wei-Meng|9781484250853\\n2017|Independently published|React.js Book: Learning React JavaScript Library From Scratch|Sidelnikov, Greg|9781521546185\\n2015|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Start Programming Using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript (Chapman & Hall/CRC Textbooks in Computing)|Fajfar, Iztok|9781498731447\\n2013|Apress|JavaScript Programmer's Reference|Valentine, Thomas and Reid, Jonathan|9781430246305\\n2017|MiraVista Press|JavaScript: Optimizing Native JavaScript: Designing, Programming, and Debugging Native JavaScript Applications|Etheredge, Robert C.|9780986307638\\n2015|Packt Publishing|JavaScript Unlocked|Sheiko, Dmitry|9781785881572\\n2002|Career Education|Programming the Web Using XHTML and JavaScript|Lagerstrom,Larry and Lagerstrom, Larry|9780072560312\\n2018|Independently published|Learning JavaScript: The non-boring beginner's guide to modern (ES6+) JavaScript programming Vol 2: DOM manipulation|Emrich, Marco and Marit, Christin|9781983139147\\n2013-08-12T00:00:01Z|Wiley|JavaScript Programming: Pushing the Limits|Raasch, Jon|9781118524565\\n2014|Apress|Learn Unity3D Programming with UnityScript: Unity's JavaScript for Beginners|Suvak, Janine|9781430265863\\n2005|Wrox|Professional JavaScript for Web Developers (Wrox Professional Guides)|Zakas, Nicholas C.|9780764579080\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|Client-Server Web Apps with JavaScript and Java: Rich, Scalable, and RESTful|Saternos, Casimir|9781449369330\\n2012|Microsoft Press|Start Here! Learn JavaScript|Suehring, Steve|9780735667358\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Modern JavaScript Applications|Prusty, Narayan|9781785880278\\n2015|Packt Publishing|JavaScript at Scale|Boduch, Adam|9781785284878\\n2012|Apress|Foundation Website Creation with HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript|Lewis, Joe and Lane, Jonathan and Moscovitz, Meitar and Barker, Tom|9781430237907\\n2012|Apress|Pro Android Web Game Apps: Using HTML5, CSS3 and JavaScript|Bura, Juriy and Coates, Paul|9781430238201\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Modular Programming with JavaScript|Seydnejad, Sasan|9781785880650\\n2000|Cengage Learning|Internet Programming with VBScript and JavaScript (Web Warrior Series)|Kalata, Kate|9780619015237\\n2018-12-05T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Learn GIS Programming with ArcGIS for Javascript API 4.x and ArcGIS Online: Learn GIS programming by building an engaging web map application, works on mobile or the web|Nasser, Hussein|9781731503930\\n2014|Packt Publishing|JavaScript Mobile Application Development|Saleh, Hazem|9781783554171\\n2016-11-29T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|JavaScript: Beginner's Guide to Programming Code with JavaScript (JavaScript, Java, Python, Code, Programming Language, Programming, Computer Programming) (Volume 1)|Masterson, Charlie|9781540734235\\n2013|Microsoft Press|Start Here! Build Windows 8 Apps with HTML5 and JavaScript|Esposito, Dino and Esposito, Francesco|9780735676183\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Javascript: The Ultimate guide for javascript programming (javascript for beginners, how to program, software development, basic javascript, browsers, ... Coding, CSS, Java, PHP) (Volume 7)|Hoffman, Stanley|9781518849121\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Test-Driven JavaScript Development|Gupta, Ravi Kumar and Prajapati, Hetal and Singh, Harmeet|9781782174929\\n2015|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Start Programming Using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript (Chapman & Hall/CRC Textbooks in Computing Book 17)|Fajfar, Iztok|9781498731454\\n2021|BPB Publications|Decoding JavaScript: A Simple Guide for the Not-so-Simple JavaScript Concepts, Libraries, Tools, and Frameworks (English Edition)|Shah, Rushabh Mulraj|9789390684816\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Mastering JavaScript Single Page Application Development|Klauzinski, Philip and Moore, John|9781785881640\\n2008|Peachpit Press|JavaScript and Ajax for the Web: Visual QuickStart Guide (7th Edition)|Negrino, Tom and Smith, Dori|9780321564085\\n2009|Wrox|Beginning JavaScript and CSS Development with jQuery|York, Richard|9780470227794\\n2010|friendsofED|The Essential Guide to HTML5: Using Games to learn HTML5 and JavaScript|Meyer, Jeanine|9781430233831\\n2012|Apress|Pro JavaScript Performance: Monitoring and Visualization (Expert's Voice in Web Development)|Barker, Tom|9781430247500\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|JavaScript: Advanced Guide to Programming Code with JavaScript (Java, JavaScript, Python, Code, Programming Language, Programming, Computer Programming)|Masterson, Charlie|9781543055016\\n2013|Apress|Windows 8 MVVM Patterns Revealed: covers both C# and JavaScript (Expert's Voice in Windows 8)|Ghoda, Ashish|9781430249092\\n2011|Apress|HTML5 and JavaScript Projects (Expert's Voice in Web Development)|Meyer, Jeanine|9781430240334\\n2008|Peachpit Press|JavaScript and Ajax for the Web: Visual QuickStart Guide|Negrino, Tom and Smith, Dori|9780132104272\\n2016|Apress|Modern Programming Made Easy: Using Java, Scala, Groovy, and JavaScript|Davis, Adam L. L.|9781484224892\\n2019|Independently published|Computer programming Javascript: step-by-step beginner’s guide on how to start to programm your first website using Javascript + practical exercises|Harris, Adam|9781704415956\\n2012|Apress|Learn HTML5 and JavaScript for iOS: Web Standards-based Apps for iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch|Preston, Scott|9781430240396\\n2017-09-15T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|JavaScript-mancy: Object-Oriented Programming: Mastering the Arcane Art of Summoning Objects in JavaScript for C# Developers|González García, Jaime|9781976459238\\n2012|Addison-Wesley Professional|Building Windows 8 Apps with JavaScript (Microsoft Windows Development Series)|Sells, Chris and Satrom, Brandon and Box, Don|9780133090581\\n2012|O'Reilly Media|Mobile JavaScript Application Development: Bringing Web Programming to Mobile Devices|Kosmaczewski, Adrian|9781449327859\\n2010|New Riders|Scriptin' with JavaScript and Ajax: A Designer's Guide (Voices That Matter)|Wyke-Smith, Charles|9780132104760\\n2020|BPB Publications|JavaScript for Gurus: Use JavaScript programming features, techniques and modules to solve everyday problems (English Edition)|Preez, Ockert J. du|9789389423655",
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Necaise|9781119498537\\n2019|Apress|Python Projects for Beginners: A Ten-Week Bootcamp Approach to Python Programming|Milliken, Connor P.|9781484253540\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Learning Python Application Development|Sathaye, Ninad|9781785889196\\n2009|Packt Publishing|Matplotlib for Python Developers|Tosi,Sandro|9781847197900\\n2009|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python/C Api Manual - Python 3: (Python Documentation Manual Part 4)|Van Rossum, Guido and Drake, Fred L.|9781441412737\\n20200325|Pearson Education (US)|Starting Out with Python|Tony Gaddis|9780136719199\\n2004|Apress|Foundations of Python Network Programming|Goerzen, John|9781590593714\\n2011|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Python Programming|Wikibooks Contributors|9781466366053\\n2017|Wiley-ISTE|Digital Signal Processing (DSP) with Python Programming|Charbit, Maurice|9781786301260\\n2003|O'Reilly Media|Python in a Nutshell|Alex Martelli|9780596001889\\n2012||Myprogramminglab With Pearson Etext -- Access Card -- For Starting Out With Python (myprogramminglab (access Codes))|Tony Gaddis|9780133075939\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Python Programming Blueprints: Build nine projects by leveraging powerful frameworks such as Flask, Nameko, and Django|Furtado, Daniel and Pennington, Marcus|9781786468161\\n2018|Wiley India|Core Python Programming, 2Ed [Paperback] [Jan 01, 2018] R. Nageswara Rao|R. Nageswara Rao|9789386052308\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Python Tools for Visual Studio|Sabia, Martino and Wang, Cathy|9781783288687\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python: The Fundamentals Of Python Programming|Jones, Paul|9781539530268\\n2015|Pearson|Rapid GUI Programming with Python and Qt: The Definitive Guide to PyQt Programming (paperback)|Summerfield, Mark|9780134393339\\n2002|Wiley|Making Use of Python|Gupta, Rashi|9780471219750\\n1999|Premier Pr|Programming With Python|Altom, Tim and Chapman, Mitch|9780761523345\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Internet of Things Programming Projects: Build modern IoT solutions with the Raspberry Pi 3 and Python|Dow, Colin|9781789134803\\n2019|BPB Publications|Python for Professionals: Hands-on Guide for Python Professionals (English Edition)|Telles, Matt|9789389423754\\n2018|Mercury Learning & Information|Python Basics: A Self-Teaching Introduction|Bhasin, H.|9781683923534\\n2011|Chapman and Hall/CRC|A Concise Introduction to Programming in Python (Chapman & Hall/CRC Textbooks in Computing)|Johnson, Mark J.|9781439896945\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Learning Predictive Analytics with Python: Gain practical insights into predictive modelling by implementing Predictive Analytics algorithms on public datasets with Python|Kumar, Ashish|9781783983261\\n2010|Packt Publishing|Python Geospatial Development|Westra, Erik|9781849511544\\n2011|Prentice Hall|Rapid Web Applications with TurboGears: Using Python to Create Ajax-Powered Sites|Ramm, Mark|9780132433884\\n2019|BPB Publications|Let Us Python: Python Is Future, Embrace It Fast (Second Edition) (English Edition)|Kanetkar, Yashavant and Kanetkar, Aditya|9789389845006\\n2014|Pearson|MyLab Programming with Pearson eText -- Access Code Card -- for An Introduction to Programming Using Python|Schneider, David|9780134058436\\n2016|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Python: Python Programming: Learn Python Programming In A Day - A Comprehensive Introduction To The Basics Of Python & Computer Programming|Steve Gold|9781534608634\\n2015|Pearson|MyLab Programming with Pearson eText -- Access Card -- for Introduction to Computing and Programming in Python (My Programming Lab)|Guzdial, Mark and Ericson, Barbara and Guijarro-Crouch, Mercedes|9780134026244\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Natural Language Processing: Python and NLTK|Hardeniya, Nitin and Perkins, Jacob and Chopra, Deepti and Joshi, Nisheeth and Mathur, Iti|9781787285101\\n2019|BPB Publications|Python for Developers: Learn to Develop Efficient Programs using Python (English Edition)|Raj, Mohit|9788194401872\\n2020|Mercury Learning & Information|Python 3 for Machine Learning|Campesato, Oswald|9781683924951\\n2020|Wiley|Bite-Size Python: An Introduction to Python Programming|Speight, April|9781119643814\\n2011|Apress|Pro Android Python with SL4A: Writing Android Native Apps Using Python, Lua, and Beanshell|Ferrill, Paul|9781430235699\\n2008|Cengage Learning EMEA|Python for Rookies|Mount, Sarah and Shuttleworth, James and Winder, Russel|9781844807017\\n2020|Apress|The Definitive Guide to Masonite: Building Web Applications with Python|Pitt, Christopher and Mancuso, Joe|9781484256015\\n2016|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Deep Learning With Python|Chao Pan|9781721250974\\n2018|Routledge|Introduction to Python for Science and Engineering (Series in Computational Physics)|Pine, David J.|9781138583894\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python: Beginner’s Guide to Programming Code with Python (Python, Java, JavaScript, Code, Programming Language, Programming, Computer Programming) (Volume 1)|Masterson, Charlie|9781540501998\\n20170921|Springer Nature|Snake Charming - The Musical Python|Iain Gray|9783319606606\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Tor: Accessing The Deep Web & Dark Web With Tor: How To Set Up Tor, Stay Anonymous Online, Avoid NSA Spying & Access The Deep Web & Dark Web (Tor, Tor ... Invisible, NSA Spying, Python Programming)|Jones, Jack|9781545269923\\n2020|Drip Digital|Learn Python Quickly: A Complete Beginner’s Guide to Learning Python, Even If You’re New to Programming (Crash Course With Hands-On Project)|Quickly, Code|9781951791278\\n2019|Independently published|Problem Solving with Python 3.6 Edition: A beginner's guide to Python & open-source programming tools|Kazarinoff, Peter D.|9781793814043\\n2019|Packt Publishing|MicroPython Cookbook: Over 110 practical recipes for programming embedded systems and microcontrollers with Python|Alsabbagh, Marwan|9781838649951\\n2020|Cambridge University Press|Python for Linguists|Hammond, Michael|9781108493444\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Mastering Python for Networking and Security: Leverage Python scripts and libraries to overcome networking and security issues|Ortega, José Manuel|9781788990707\\n2017|Apress|MicroPython for the Internet of Things: A Beginner’s Guide to Programming with Python on Microcontrollers|Bell, Charles|9781484231227\\n2018|CRC Press|Understanding Optics with Python (Multidisciplinary and Applied Optics)|Lakshminarayanan, Vasudevan and Ghalila, Hassen and Ammar, Ahmed and Varadharajan, L. Srinivasa|9781498755047\\n2018|Apress|Learn Keras for Deep Neural Networks: A Fast-Track Approach to Modern Deep Learning with Python|Moolayil, Jojo|9781484242391\\n2014|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python: Learn Python FAST! - The Ultimate Crash Course to Learning the Basics of the Python Programming Language In No Time|Hutt, Ryan|9781502741004\\n2008|Addison-Wesley Professional|Python Web Development with Django|Forcier, Jeff and Paul Bissex and Wesley Chun|9780132701815\\n2017|Apress|Pro Deep Learning with TensorFlow: A Mathematical Approach to Advanced Artificial Intelligence in Python|Pattanayak, Santanu|9781484230961\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Python Network Programming Cookbook - Second Edition: Practical solutions to overcome real-world networking challenges|Kathiravelu, Pradeeban and Sarker, Dr. M. O. Faruque|9781786463999\\n2018|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Writing Interpreters and Compilers for the Raspberry Pi Using Python|Dos Reis, Anthony J.|9781977509208\\n2018|Springer|Dynamical Systems with Applications using Python|Lynch, Stephen|9783319781440\\n2020|Chapman & Hall|Advanced Data Science and Analytics with Python (Chapman & Hall/CRC Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Series)|Rogel-Salazar, Jesus|9781138315068\\n2016|Springer|Python for Probability, Statistics, and Machine Learning|Unpingco, José|9783319307176\\n2013|Wiley|Python for Everyone|Horstmann, Cay S. and Necaise, Rance D.|9781118645208\\n2018|Independently published|50 Steps to Mastering Basic Python Programming: With 140 practice problems and available accompanying videos, software, and problem solutions|Shaffer, Dr. Steven C.|9781980763321\\n2020|Apress|Beginning Game Programming with Pygame Zero: Coding Interactive Games on Raspberry Pi Using Python|Watkiss, Stewart|9781484256497\\n2018|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python for beginners: Step-By-Step Guide to Learning Python Programming|Lutz, Larry|9781717410580\\n2017|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Python: The No B.s. Python Crash Course For Newbies - Learn Python Programming In 8 Hours! (programming Series) (volume 3)|Steven Codey|9781545180426\\n20090213|Pearson Technology Group|Advanced Python 3 Programming Techniques|Mark Summerfield|9780321637710\\n2016|Lulu.com|The Python Language Reference Manual|Sheridan, Chris|9781326570972\\n2019|Pearson|Revel for Introduction to Python Programming and Data Structures -- Access Card|Liang, Y. Daniel|9780135187753\\n2017|Independently published|Programming: Python Programming, JAVA Programming, HTML and CSS Programming for Beginners|Academy, iCode|9781520676081\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PYTHON & HACKING: The No-Nonsense Bundle: Learn Python Programming and Hacking Within 24 Hours!|University, Cyberpunk|9781543055399\\n2019|Apress|Learn TensorFlow 2.0: Implement Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models with Python|Singh, Pramod and Manure, Avinash|9781484255582\\n2019|Independently published|Problem Solving with Python 3.7 Edition: A beginner's guide to Python & open-source programming tools|Kazarinoff, Peter D.|9781693405419\\n2019|Independently published|Data Structures and Algorithms in Python|Publishing, DS|9781691372379\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Tkinter GUI Programming by Example: Learn to create modern GUIs using Tkinter by building real-world projects in Python|Love, David|9781788627481\\n2020|Apress|Machine Learning Concepts with Python and the Jupyter Notebook Environment: Using Tensorflow 2.0|Silaparasetty, Nikita|9781484259665\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python: The Complete Python Quickstart Guide (For Beginner's) (Python, Python Programming, Python for Dummies, Python for Beginners, Python crash course)|Style Academy, Life-|9781539567745\\n2019|BPB Publications|Data Science with Jupyter: Master Data Science skills with easy-to-follow Python examples|Gupta, Prateek|9789388511377\\n2018|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python Programming: A Step By Step Guide For Beginners|Eddison, Leonard|9781719396509\\n2018|In Easy Steps Limited|Python in easy steps: Covers Python 3.7|McGrath, Mike|9781840788365\\n2019|Independently published|Python Programming: The Ultimate Crash Course for Beginners with all the Tools and Tricks to Learn Coding with Python (with Practical Examples)|Hayes, Howard|9781706111658\\n2017|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Python Made Simple And Practical: A Step-by-step Guide To Learn Python Coding And Computer Science From Basic To Advanced Concepts.|James L. Young|9781546573333\\n2015|Springer|The Python Workbook: A Brief Introduction with Exercises and Solutions|Stephenson, Ben|9783319142401\\n2016|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Python for Bioinformatics (Chapman & Hall/CRC Mathematical and Computational Biology)|Bassi, Sebastian|9781584889304\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python: An Ultimate Beginner's Guide to Python Programming|Gabon, Gale|9781533535573\\n2018||Python Crash Course|Alexis Jordan|9781717716484\\n20170113|Springer Nature|Programming with Python|T R Padmanabhan|9789811032776\\n2019|Independently published|Mastering Deep Learning Fundamentals with Python: The Absolute Ultimate Guide for Beginners To Expert and Step By Step Guide to Understand Python Programming Concepts|Wilson, Richard|9781080537778\\n2017-04-28|Packt Publishing|Python Deep Learning|Valentino Zocca and Gianmario Spacagna and Daniel Slater and Peter Roelants|9781786460660\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Python Penetration Testing Essentials|Mohit|9781784395889\\n|Independently Published|Python Programming: An Easiest Beginner To Expert Guide To Learn Python|Burn and Andrew|9781090664846\\n2016|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Python Programming: A Beginner's Guide To Learn Python In 7 Days|Ramsey Hamilton|9781533698537\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Keras Deep Learning Cookbook: Over 30 recipes for implementing deep neural networks in Python|Dua, Rajdeep and Ghotra, Manpreet Singh|9781788621755\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python: 2 Books in 1: Beginner's Guide + Best Practices to Programming Code with Python (Python, Java, JavaScript, Code, Programming Language, Programming, Computer Programming)|Masterson, Charlie|9781543292756\\n2009|Springer|A Primer on Scientific Programming with Python (Texts in Computational Science and Engineering Book 6)|Langtangen, Hans Petter|9783642024757\\n2019|Independently published|Raspberry Pi 3: A Practical Beginner's Guide To Understanding The Full Potential Of Raspberry Pi 3 By Starting Your Own Projects Using Python Programming|Sanders, Finn|9781093479508\\n2017|Lulu.com|The Hacker's Guide To Scaling Python|Danjou, Julien|9781387379323\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Python Data Visualization Cookbook - Second Edition|Milovanovic, Igor and Foures, Dimitry and Vettigli, Giuseppe|9781784394943\\n2019|John Wiley & Sons|Python All-in-one For Dummies|John Shovic and Alan Simpson|9781119557678\\n2014|Springer|A Primer on Scientific Programming with Python (Texts in Computational Science and Engineering Book 6)|Langtangen, Hans Petter|9783642549595\\n2014|Apress|Learn Raspberry Pi Programming with Python|Donat, Wolfram|9781430264255\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Python 3 Object-oriented Programming: Building robust and maintainable software with object oriented design patterns in Python|Phillips, Dusty|9781784395957\\n2018|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python Programming & Machine Learning With Python: Best Starter Pack Illustrated Guide For Beginners & Intermediates: The Future Is Here!|Sullivan, William|9781724534668\\n2017|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Learn To Code:: The Beginner's Guide To Computer Programming - Python Machine Learning, Python For Beginners, Coding For Beginners|Dave Jones|9781548309794\\n2017|Haynes Publishing UK|Coding - Computer programming (beginners onwards): Everything you need to get started with programming using Python (Owners' Workshop Manual)|Saunders, Mike|9781785211188\\n2019|BPB Publications|Python Data Persistence: With SQL and NOSQL Databases|Lathkar, Malhar|9789388511759\\n2018|BlackNES Guy Books|PYTHON & HACKING BUNDLE: 3 BOOKS IN 1: THE BLUEPRINT: Everything You Need To Know For Python Programming and Hacking!|Architects, CyberPunk|9781775235774\\n2019|Independently published|PYTHON FOR BEGINNERS: The Ultimate Step by Step Learning Guide for Beginners to Python Programming in the Best Optimal Way|SANCHEZ, ENRIQUE|9781089550860\\n2018|Independently published|Python Programming: A Step-by-Step Guide For Absolute Beginners|Brian Jenkins|9781792659416\\n2019|EGEA Spa - Bocconi University Press|Python for non-Pythonians: How to Win Over Programming Languages|Grossetti, Francesco and Rubera, Gaia|9788885486867\\n2007|Springer|Python Scripting for Computational Science (Texts in Computational Science and Engineering Book 3)|Langtangen, Hans Petter|9783540739166\\n2016|People's Posts and Telecommunications Press|Python programming quickly get started to make the tedious work automation(Chinese Edition)|[ MEI ] Al Sweigart ZHU|9787115422699\\n2021|Millennium Publishing Ltd|Python Programming For Beginners In 2021: Learn Python In 5 Days With Step By Step Guidance, Hands-on Exercises And Solution (Fun Tutorial For Novice Programmers) (Easy Coding Crash Course)|Tudor, James|9781913361273\\n2019|Independently published|Python Data Analytics: A step by step fast and easy guide for whom are interested learn python data analytics. With examples, tips and tricks, includind basics of Pandas, Numpy and Matlotlib|programming languages project|9781704066530\\n2019|Platinum Press LLC|Python Programming: Python Programming for Beginners, Python Programming for Intermediates|Stewart, Sarah|9781951339944\\n2019|Apress|Natural Language Processing Recipes: Unlocking Text Data with Machine Learning and Deep Learning using Python|Kulkarni, Akshay and Shivananda, Adarsha|9781484242674\\n2016|Springer|A Primer on Scientific Programming with Python (Texts in Computational Science and Engineering Book 6)|Langtangen, Hans Petter|9783662498873\\n2017|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Python Succinctly|Jason Cannon|9781542827126\\n20091002|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Python|Mark Lutz|9781449379322\\n2003|O'Reilly Media, Incorporated|Learning Python|Mark Lutz and David Ascher|9781600330216\\n2019|Independently published|LEARN PYTHON PROGRAMMING: Write code from scratch in a clear & concise way, with a complete basic course. From beginners to intermediate, an hands-on project with examples, to follow step by step|GRAY, WILLIAM|9781098525729\\n2021|Apress|Programming Microcontrollers with Python: Experience the Power of Embedded Python|Subero, Armstrong|9781484270578\\n2015|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Python: Learn Python Fast - The Ultimate Crash Course To Learning The Basics Of The Python Programming Language In No Time (python, Python ... Coding Fast With Hands-on Project) (volume 7)|Stephen Hoffman|9781517137861\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Bayesian Analysis with Python|Martin, Osvaldo|9781785889851\\n20091208|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Bioinformatics Programming Using Python|Mitchell L  Model|9781449382902\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Python Artificial Intelligence Projects for Beginners: Get up and running with Artificial Intelligence using 8 smart and exciting AI applications|Eckroth, Dr. Joshua|9781789538243\\n2017|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Intermediate Python Programming: The Insider Guide To Intermediate Python Programming Concepts|Richard Ozer|9781978081123\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Python for Secret Agents|Lott,  Steven F.|9781783980437\\n20140423|Pearson Education (US)|Starting Out with Python|Tony Gaddis|9780133743692\\n2021|Simvol-Pljus|Programming in Python 3. Detailed guidance. / Programmirovanie na Python 3. Podrobnoe rukovodstvo.|Various authors|9785932861615\\n2017|Independently Published|Python Programming For Intermediates: Learn The Fundamentals Of Python In 7 Days|Michael Knapp|9781521439555\\n2014|Apress|Foundations of Python Network Programming|Rhodes, Brandon and Goerzen, John|9781430258551\\n2009|Champion Writers, Inc.|Python Programming With Oracle Database|Ray Terrill|9781608300136\\n2020|Springer|Essential Python for the Physicist|Giovanni Moruzzi|9783030450274\\n2018|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python: The Ultimate Beginners Guide to Learn and Understand Python Programming (Volume 1)|Webber, Mr Zach|9781986840156\\n20160830|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|The Hitchhiker's Guide to Python|Kenneth Reitz; Tanya Schlusser|9781491933220\\n20180903|Taylor & Francis|Nonlinear Digital Filtering with Python|Ronald K. Pearson; Moncef Gabbouj|9781498714136\\n2011|Apress|Python Algorithms: Mastering Basic Algorithms in the Python Language (Expert's Voice in Open Source)|Hetland, Magnus Lie|9781430232384\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Expert Python Programming: Become a master in Python by learning coding best practices and advanced programming concepts in Python 3.7, 3rd Edition|Jaworski, Michał and Ziadé, Tarek|9781789806779\\n2011|Apress|Pro Android Python with SL4A: Writing Android Native Apps Using Python, Lua, and Beanshell|Ferrill, Paul|9781430235705\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Bitcoin Programming with Python: Build powerful online payment centric applications with Python|Garg, Harish|9781789533163\\n2019|Independently Published|Coding: This Book Includes: Python Coding And Programming + Linux For Beginners + Learn Python Programming”|Clark, Michael and Learn, Michael|9781673163865\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Modern Python Cookbook: The latest in modern Python recipes for the busy modern programmer|Lott, Steven F.|9781786463845\\n2014|John Wiley & Sons|Beginning Programming With Python For Dummies|John Paul Mueller|9781118891476\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Raspberry Pi Cookbook for Python Programmers|Cox, Tim|9781849696630\\n2020|SAGE Publications Ltd|Programming with Python for Social Scientists|Brooker, Phillip|9781526431721\\n15-07-2019|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Web Scraping with Python|Anish Chapagain|9781789536195\\n2018|Independently published|Programming: 4 Manuscripts in 1 book: Python For Beginners, Python 3 Guide, Learn Java, Excel 2016|Needham, Timothy C.|9781728914671\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Programming ArcGIS with Python Cookbook - Second Edition|Pimpler, Eric|9781785281259\\n2018|Apress|Data Science Fundamentals for Python and MongoDB|Paper, David|9781484235973\\n2015|Cambridge University Press|Python Programming for Biology: Bioinformatics and Beyond|Stevens, Tim J.|9780521895835\\n2017|John Wiley & Sons|Digital Signal Processing (dsp) With Python Programming|Maurice Charbit|9781119373032\\n2019|Independently Published|Python Coding: Step-by-step Beginners' Guide To Learning Python Programming Language With Hands-on Project. Exercises Included|Zed Fast|9781670440549\\n2015|Apress|Beginning Python Games Development, Second Edition: With PyGame|McGugan, Will and Kinsley, Harrison|9781484209707\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python Programming: Getting started FAST With Learning of Python Programming Basics in No Time (Programming is Easy) (Volume 3)|Gimson, Matthew|9781519564849\\n2011|Apress|Foundations of Python Network Programming: The comprehensive guide to building network applications with Python (Books for Professionals by Professionals)|Goerzen, John and Bower, Tim and Rhodes, Brandon|9781430230045\\n2018|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python Programming: A Step By Step Guide For Beginners|Eddison, Leonard|9781986278577\\n2016|People Post Press|Teach children to learn programming language Python version(Chinese Edition)|Bryson Payne|9787115416346\\n2019|Independently published|Learning Python: The Ultimate Guide to Learning How to Develop Applications for Beginners with Python Programming Language Using Numpy, Matplotlib, Scipy and Scikit-learn|Hack, Samuel|9781086759440\\n2017|Pearson|Introduction to Computing and Programming in Python with MyProgrammingLab, Global Edition|Guzdial, Mark J. and Ericson, Barbara|9781292109954\\n2015|Springer|Data Structures and Algorithms with Python (Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science)|Lee, Kent D. and Hubbard, Steve|9783319130729\\n2016|Sams,|Sams Teach Yourself Python Programming For Raspberry Pi In 24 Hours|Blum, Richard , 1962- (author.)|9780134389585\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Python Social Media Analytics: Analyze and visualize data from Twitter, YouTube, GitHub, and more|Chatterjee, Siddhartha and Krystyanczuk, Michal|9781787126756\\n2014|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Making Music with Computers: Creative Programming in Python (Chapman & Hall/CRC Textbooks in Computing)|Manaris, Bill and Brown, Andrew R.|9781482222210\\n2021|American Geophysical Union|Python for Remote Sensing Applications in Earth Science: A Practical Programming Guide (Special Publications)|Esmaili, Rebekah B.|9781119606888\\n2011|Springer|A Primer on Scientific Programming with Python (Texts in Computational Science and Engineering Book 6)|Langtangen, Hans Petter|9783642183669\\n2019|Apress|Building Android Apps in Python Using Kivy with Android Studio: With Pyjnius, Plyer, and Buildozer|Gad, Ahmed Fawzy Mohamed|9781484250310\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Statistics for Machine Learning: Techniques for exploring supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning models with Python and R|Dangeti, Pratap|9781788291224\\n2017|Springer|Introduction to Data Science: A Python Approach to Concepts, Techniques and Applications (Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science)|Igual, Laura and Santi Seguí and Jordi Vitrià and Eloi Puertas and Petia Radeva and Oriol Pujol and Sergio Escalera and Francesc Dantí and Lluís Garrido|9783319500171\\n||Introduction To Computing And Programming In Python Plus Myprogramming Lab Without Pearson Etext -- Access Card Package (3rd Edition)||9780133591521\\n2019|Independently Published|Python Programming: 2 Books In 1: Ultimate Beginner's Guide & 7 Days Crash Course, Learn Computer Programming, Machine Learning And Data Science Quickly With Step-by-step Exercises|John Russel|9781673121223\\n2019|Springer|Programming for Computations - Python: A Gentle Introduction to Numerical Simulations with Python 3.6 (Texts in Computational Science and Engineering Book 15)|Linge, Svein and Hans Petter Langtangen|9783030168773\\n2019-05-01T00:00:01Z|QuickStudy Reference Guides|Python Programming Language|Jayne, Berajah|9781423241881\\n2016|Springer|Programming for Computations - Python: A Gentle Introduction to Numerical Simulations with Python (Texts in Computational Science and Engineering Book 15)|Linge, Svein and Langtangen, Hans Petter|9783319324289\\n2022|Independently published|Python Programming for Beginners: The #1 Python Programming Crash Course for Beginners to Learn Python Coding Well & Fast (with Hands-On Exercises)|Publishing, Codeone|9798430918002\\n2012|No Starch Press, Incorporated|Python for Kids: A Playful Introduction to Programming|Briggs, Jason R.|9781593274078\\n2021|Real Python (realpython.com)|Python Basics: A Practical Introduction to Python 3|Amos, David and Bader, Dan and Jablonski, Joanna and Heisler, Fletcher|9781775093329\\n2017|O'Reilly Media|Python for Data Analysis: Data Wrangling with Pandas, NumPy, and IPython|McKinney, Wes|9781491957660\\n2021|Independently published|Python Programming for Beginners: The Ultimate Guide for Beginners to Learn Python Programming: Crash Course on Python Programming for Beginners (Python Programming Books)|Publishing, AMZ|9798536636619\\n2019|No Starch Press|Python Crash Course, 2nd Edition: A Hands-On, Project-Based Introduction to Programming|Matthes, Eric|9781593279295\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|Python Pocket Reference: Python In Your Pocket (Pocket Reference (O'Reilly))|Lutz, Mark|9781449357016\\n2020|Packt Publishing|40 Algorithms Every Programmer Should Know: Hone your problem-solving skills by learning different algorithms and their implementation in Python|Ahmad, Imran|9781789801217\\n2013|O'Reilly Media|Python Cookbook, Third Edition|Beazley, David and Jones, Brian K.|9781449340377\\n2020|Independently published|Python for Beginners: 2 Books in 1: Python Programming for Beginners, Python Workbook|ACADEMY, PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES|9781654414016\\n2020|Quickstudy|Python Standard Library: A Quickstudy Laminated Reference Guide|Jayne, Berajah|9781423244233\\n2018-10-30T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Python 3 Object-Oriented Programming: Build robust and maintainable software with object-oriented design patterns in Python 3.8, 3rd Edition|Phillips, Dusty|9781789615852\\n2020|Esri Press|Python Scripting for ArcGIS Pro|Zandbergen, Paul A. and Zandbergen, Paul|9781589485006\\n2016|Franklin, Beedle & Associates|Python Programming: An Introduction to Computer Science, 3rd Ed.|John Zelle|9781590282755\\n2021|No Starch Press|Black Hat Python, 2nd Edition: Python Programming for Hackers and Pentesters|Seitz, Justin and Arnold, Tim|9781718501133\\n2021|Independently published|Python for Beginners: Learn Python Programming With No Coding Experience in 7 Days: The Easiest & Quickest Way to Learn Python Coding, Programming, Web-Programming. Be a Python Programmer|Ozoemena, Santos|9798478596194\\n2019|Addison-Wesley Professional|Effective Python: 90 Specific Ways to Write Better Python (Effective Software Development Series)|Brett, Slatkin|9780134854595\\n2017|Addison-Wesley Professional|Learn Python 3 the Hard Way: A Very Simple Introduction to the Terrifyingly Beautiful World of Computers and Code (Zed Shaw's Hard Way Series)|A., Shaw Zed|9780134693903\\n2021|Packt Publishing|Learn Python Programming: An in-depth introduction to the fundamentals of Python, 3rd Edition|Romano, Fabrizio and Kruger, Heinrich|9781801815093\\n2021|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Programming the Raspberry Pi, Third Edition: Getting Started with Python|Monk, Simon|9781264257355\\n2021|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's Python Programming (2nd Edition)|Joel Murach and Michael Urban|9781943872749\\n2020|Rockridge Press|Python Programming for Beginners: A Kid's Guide to Coding Fundamentals|Foster, Patricia|9781646113880\\n2020|Packt Publishing|40 Algorithms Every Programmer Should Know: Hone your problem-solving skills by learning different algorithms and their implementation in Python|Ahmad, Imran|9781789809862\\n2020|Independently published|Learn Coding Basics for Kids, Young Adults and People Who Are Young at Heart, With Python: Python Computer Programming Made Easy!|Stanley, Jack C. and Gross, Erik D. and Academy, The Tech|9798677949418\\n2017|Manning|Deep Learning with Python|Chollet, Francois|9781638352044\\n2015|No Starch Press|Python Crash Course: A Hands-On, Project-Based Introduction to Programming|Matthes, Eric|9781593276034\\n2021|Columbia Business School Publishing|Python for MBAs|Griffel, Mattan and Guetta, Daniel|9780231193931\\n2015|Esri Press|Python Scripting for ArcGIS (Python Scripting (3))|Zandbergen, Paul A.|9781589483712\\n2016|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's Python Programming|Michael Urban and Joel Murach|9781890774974\\n2018-11-29T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Learn Robotics Programming: Build and control autonomous robots using Raspberry Pi 3 and Python|Staple, Danny|9781789340747\\n2019|Independently published|Computer Programming And Cyber Security for Beginners: This Book Includes: Python Machine Learning, SQL, Linux, Hacking with Kali Linux, Ethical Hacking. Coding and Cybersecurity Fundamentals|Codings, Zach|9781671532908\\n2015|Addison-Wesley Professional|Effective Python: 59 Specific Ways to Write Better Python (Effective Software Development Series)|Slatkin, Brett|9780134034287\\n2020|Manning Publications|Tiny Python Projects: 21 small fun projects for Python beginners designed to build programming skill, teach new algorithms and techniques, and introduce software testing|Youens-Clark, Ken|9781617297519\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Django 3 By Example: Build powerful and reliable Python web applications from scratch, 3rd Edition|Melé, Antonio|9781838989323\\n2015|Pearson|Introduction to Computing and Programming in Python|Guzdial, Mark and Ericson, Barbara|9780134025544\\n2021|Independently published|PYTHON: Learn Coding Programs with Python Programming and Master Data Analysis & Analytics, Data Science and Machine Learning with the Complete Crash Course for Beginners - 5 Manuscripts in 1 Book|Academy, TechExp|9798597916552\\n2009|Addison-Wesley Professional|Programming in Python 3: A Complete Introduction to the Python Language|Summerfield, Mark|9780321680563\\n2021|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Programming the Raspberry Pi, Third Edition: Getting Started with Python|Monk, Simon|9781264257362\\n2019|Independently published|Python Workbook: Learn How to Quickly and Effectively Program with Exercises, Projects, and Solutions|LANGUAGES ACADEMY, PROGRAMMING|9781653039296\\n2020|Coherent Press|Python from the Very Beginning: With 100 exercises and answers|Whitington, John|9780957671157\\n2017|Independently published|Python for Beginners: An Introduction to Learn Python Programming with Tutorials and Hands-On Examples|Metzler, Nathan|9781973108795\\n2021|No Starch Press|Learn to Code by Solving Problems: A Python Programming Primer|Zingaro, Daniel|9781718501331\\n2021|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Data Analysis with Pandas: A Python data science handbook for data collection, wrangling, analysis, and visualization, 2nd Edition|Molin, Stefanie|9781800563452\\n2021|Packt Publishing|Interactive Dashboards and Data Apps with Plotly and Dash: Harness the power of a fully fledged frontend web framework in Python – no JavaScript required|Dabbas, Elias|9781800568914\\n2020-06-29T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Raspberry Pi Computer Vision Programming: Design and implement computer vision applications with Raspberry Pi, OpenCV, and Python 3, 2nd Edition|Pajankar, Ashwin|9781800207219\\n2020|Frank|Python programming for beginners|Cannon, Jason|9783033083073\\n2021|AI Publishing LLC|Hands-on Python Programming for Beginners: Learn Practical Python Fast|Publishing, AI|9781734790191\\n2016|Sundog Publishing|Python Programming and Visualization for Scientists|Alex J. DeCaria|9780972903387\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Python: Deeper Insights into Machine Learning: Leverage benefits of machine learning techniques using Python|Raschka, Sebastian and Julian, David and Hearty, John|9781787128545\\n2015|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Programming the Raspberry Pi, Second Edition: Getting Started with Python|Monk, Simon|9781259587412\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Practical Data Analysis Using Jupyter Notebook: Learn how to speak the language of data by extracting useful and actionable insights using Python|Wintjen, Marc|9781838825096\\n2021|O'Reilly Media|Think Bayes: Bayesian Statistics in Python|Downey, Allen B.|9781492089469\\n2020|Apress|Machine Learning in the Oil and Gas Industry: Including Geosciences, Reservoir Engineering, and Production Engineering with Python|Pandey, Yogendra Narayan and Rastogi, Ayush and Kainkaryam, Sribharath and Bhattacharya, Srimoyee and Saputelli, Luigi|9781484260937\\n2006|For Dummies|Python For Dummies|Maruch, Stef and Maruch, Aahz|9780471778646\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Mastering Object-oriented Python|F. Lott, Steven|9781783280971\\n2009|Addison-Wesley Professional|Python Essential Reference (Developer's Library)|Beazley, David|9780768687026\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Learn Python Programming: The no-nonsense, beginner's guide to programming, data science, and web development with Python 3.7, 2nd Edition|Romano, Fabrizio|9781788996662\\n2021|Princeton University Press|A Student's Guide to Python for Physical Modeling: Second Edition|Kinder, Jesse M. and Nelson, Philip|9780691223667\\n2019|Independently published|Python Programming For Beginners: Learn The Basics Of Python Programming (Python Crash Course, Programming for Dummies)|Tudor, James|9781075311932\\n2013|Pragmatic Bookshelf, The|Practical Programming: An Introduction to Computer Science Using Python 3 (Pragmatic Programmers)|Gries, Paul and Campbell, Jennifer and Montojo, Jason|9781937785451\\n2021|Packt Publishing|Practical Discrete Mathematics: Discover math principles that fuel algorithms for computer science and machine learning with Python|White, Ryan T. and Ray, Archana Tikayat|9781838983505\\n2012|McGraw-Hill Education Tab|Programming the Raspberry Pi: Getting Started with Python|Monk, Simon|9780071807838\\n2021|Independently published|Data Science for Beginners: 4 books in 1 — Master the Basics of Python Programming and Learn The Art of Data Science with Real-World Applications to Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning|Park, Andrew|9798788844732\\n2020|No Starch Press|Python One-Liners: Write Concise, Eloquent Python Like a Professional|Mayer, Christian|9781718500518\\n2017|Microsoft Press|Begin to Code with Python|Miles, Rob|9781509304530\\n2022|Independently published|Python: 3 books in 1- Your complete guide to python programming with Python for Beginners, Python Data Analysis and Python Machine Learning|Ellison, Brady|9798410695930\\n2018|Princeton University Press|A Student's Guide to Python for Physical Modeling: Updated Edition|Kinder, Jesse M. and Nelson, Philip|9781400889426\\n2021|Independently published|PYTHON: Learn Coding Programs with Python Programming and Master Data Analysis & Analytics, Data Science and Machine Learning with the Complete Crash Course for Beginners - 5 Manuscripts in 1 Book|Academy, TechExp|9798789894958\\n2021|Packt Publishing|Python GUI Programming with Tkinter: Design and build functional and user-friendly GUI applications, 2nd Edition|Moore, Alan D.|9781801815925\\n2012|No Starch Press|Python for Kids: A Playful Introduction To Programming|Briggs, Jason|9781593274948\\n2018-05-15T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Python GUI Programming with Tkinter: Develop responsive and powerful GUI applications with Tkinter|Moore, Alan D.|9781788835886\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Python Network Programming: Conquer all your networking challenges with the powerful Python language|Ratan, Abhishek and Chou, Eric and Kathiravelu, Pradeeban and Sarker, Dr. M. O. Faruque|9781788830232\\n2009|Addison-Wesley Professional|Programming in Python 3: A Complete Introduction to the Python Language|Summerfield, Mark|9780321699879\\n2020|Cambridge University Press|Numerical Methods in Physics with Python|Gezerlis, Alex|9781108805889\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Python Data Cleaning Cookbook: Modern techniques and Python tools to detect and remove dirty data and extract key insights|Walker, Michael|9781800564596\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Learn Python Programming: The no-nonsense, beginner's guide to programming, data science, and web development with Python 3.7, 2nd Edition|Romano, Fabrizio|9781788991650\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python Programming: for Engineers and Scientists|Turk, Irfan|9781543173833\\n2019-02-28T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Advanced Python Programming: Build high performance, concurrent, and multi-threaded apps with Python using proven design patterns|Lanaro, Dr. Gabriele and Nguyen, Quan and Kasampalis, Sakis|9781838551216\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Mastering OpenCV 4 with Python: A practical guide covering topics from image processing, augmented reality to deep learning with OpenCV 4 and Python 3.7|Villán, Alberto Fernández|9781789349757\\n2017|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Practical Programming: An Introduction to Computer Science Using Python 3.6|Gries, Paul and Campbell, Jennifer and Montojo, Jason|9781680502688\\n2021|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Data Analysis with Pandas: A Python data science handbook for data collection, wrangling, analysis, and visualization, 2nd Edition|Molin, Stefanie|9781800565913\\n2019-10-01T00:00:01Z|Oxford Univ Pr|Python Programming: Using Problem Solving Approach|Thareja, Reema|9780199480173\\n2013|O'Reilly Media|Twisted Network Programming Essentials: Event-driven Network Programming with Python|McKellar, Jessica and Fettig, Abe|9781449326111\\n2018|No Starch Press|Impractical Python Projects: Playful Programming Activities to Make You Smarter|Vaughan, Lee|9781593278915\\n2019-12-24T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Python GUI Programming with PyQt: A Beginner’s Guide to Python 3 and GUI Application Development|Metzler, Nathan|9781650440712\\n2013|O'Reilly Media|Think Bayes: Bayesian Statistics in Python|Allen B. Downey|9781449370787\\n2021|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Financial Trading with Python: A practical guide to using Zipline and other Python libraries for backtesting trading strategies|Pik, Jiri and Ghosh, Sourav|9781838988807\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Bioinformatics with Python Cookbook: Learn how to use modern Python bioinformatics libraries and applications to do cutting-edge research in computational biology, 2nd Edition|Antao, Tiago|9781789349986\\n2022|Cambridge University Press|Mathematical Logic through Python|Gonczarowski, Yannai A. and Nisan, Noam|9781108949477\\n2013-09-07T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python for Biologists: A complete programming course for beginners|Jones, Dr Martin|9781492346135\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Mastering Python Design Patterns: A guide to creating smart, efficient, and reusable software, 2nd Edition|Ayeva, Kamon and Kasampalis, Sakis|9781788832069",
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Hilboll and Andre Kloeckner and A. Scopatz and Antony Lee and A. Rokem and C. N. Woods and Chad Fulton and Charles Masson and C. Häggström and Clark Fitzgerald and D. Nicholson and David R. Hagen and D. Pasechnik and E. Olivetti and Eric Martin and Eric Wieser and Fabrice Silva and F. Lenders and Florian Wilhelm and G. Young and Gavin A. Price and G. Ingold and Gregory E. Allen and Gregory R. Lee and H. Audren and I. Probst and J. Dietrich and J. Silterra and James T. Webber and J. Slavič and J. Nothman and J. Buchner and Johannes Kulick and Johannes L. Schönberger and J. V. de Miranda Cardoso and J. Reimer and J. Harrington and Juan Rodríguez and Juan Nunez-Iglesias and Justin Kuczynski and K. Tritz and M. Thoma and M. Newville and Matthias Kümmerer and Maximilian Bolingbroke and Michael Tartre and M. Pak and Nathaniel J. Smith and N. Nowaczyk and Nikolay Shebanov and O. Pavlyk and P. A. Brodtkorb and Perry Lee and R. McGibbon and Roman Feldbauer and Sam Lewis and S. 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Friis and M. Groves and B. Hammer and Cory Hargus and E. Hermes and P. C. Jennings and Peter Bjerre Jensen and J. Kermode and J. Kitchin and Esben Leonhard Kolsbjerg and J. Kubal and K. Kaasbjerg and S. Lysgaard and Jón Bergmann Maronsson and Tristan Maxson and T. Olsen and L. Pastewka and Andrew A. Peterson and C. Rostgaard and J. Schiøtz and O. Schütt and M. Strange and K. Thygesen and T. Vegge and L. Vilhelmsen and M. Walter and Z. Zeng and K. Jacobsen|433d14e40f0d5362df4016270ba97e13371bc42a\\n2012|Pyomo — Optimization Modeling in Python|10.1007/978-1-4614-3226-5|573|46|W. Hart and C. Laird and J. Watson and D. L. Woodruff|aad4604a72ae4856ae9fb4d0c3f8748a7a895b7b\\n2018|Pingouin: statistics in Python|10.21105/joss.01026|362|55|Raphael Vallat|cbac8b0d82ea8e9251d5530695841d816cb196b9\\n2020|Pymoo: Multi-Objective Optimization in Python|10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2990567|236|20|Julian Blank and K. Deb|61e27dbae190b82639c57f180ecf97e4c46fcad9\\n2016|The Python ARM Radar Toolkit (Py-ART), a Library for Working with Weather Radar Data in the Python Programming Language|10.5334/JORS.119|181|14|Jonathan J. Helmus and S. Collis|49d96266eb10a539b120c2bac02cd4ad454bb089\\n2019|Machine Learning Made Easy: A Review of Scikit-learn Package in Python Programming Language|10.3102/1076998619832248|82|6|J. Hao and T. Ho|a8fadb33a38f1096f84f64bd66345717a5bc3241\\n2005|On the performance of the Python programming language for serial and parallel scientific computations|10.1155/2005/619804|81|1|Xing Cai and H. Langtangen and H. Moe|9f4c51b5bc52aaa33b3fb48857ecbfb0bcf3347d\\n2013|Pygrass: An Object Oriented Python Application Programming Interface (API) for Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) Geographic Information System (GIS)|10.3390/IJGI2010201|48|3|P. Zambelli and Sören Gebbert and M. Ciolli|4cb258581acc3e9821dab7fbac28d3c7b5e0d33c\\n2020|DNA Features Viewer, a sequence annotations formatting and plotting library for Python|10.1101/2020.01.09.900589|45|1|Valentin Zulkower and S. Rosser|2539ed2a518f604511faa22716a936b21f715efd\\n2016|User interfaces for computational science: A domain specific language for OOMMF embedded in Python|10.1063/1.4977225|39|2|M. Beg and R. Pepper and H. Fangohr|319b1d8a7fdb25fa0e8e6261d8b440303eaf120e\\n2011|Programming language Python for data processing|10.1109/ICECENG.2011.6057428|28|1|Z. Dobesová|3b2574ca20143a380283d827f361f99de3d57b7e\\n2016|Learning Scientific Programming with Python|10.1017/cbo9781139871754|25|0|Christian Hill|dd5059f388d500015f1d84a3a1bb7a5a0ced8c9f\\n2013|Python to learn programming|10.1088/1742-6596/423/1/012027|21|1|A. Bogdanchikov and M. Zhaparov and R. 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Langtangen|73af7fa141a3482b652c026b4868b166a6e9a064\\n2020|Simple Visual-Aided Automated Titration Using the Python Programming Language|10.1021/acs.jchemed.9b00802|11|0|Song Wei Benjamin Tan and P. K. Naraharisetti and Siew Kian Chin and Lai Yeng Lee|93387a14fa9bdc092326d77e6dabf25e3e6a3ce2\\n2017|Research on the improvement of python language programming course teaching methods based on visualization|10.1109/ICCSE.2017.8085571|10|0|Xiaoyan Kui and Weiguo Liu and Jiazhi Xia and Huakun Du|90757079d209870b3e881af763150b9614261cf4\\n2018|It's Like Python But: Towards Supporting Transfer of Programming Language Knowledge|10.1109/VLHCC.2018.8506508|10|0|Nischal Shrestha and Titus Barik and Chris Parnin|1f3c99beff721ca21c61158862647662f349b103\\n2005|Using the Python programming language for bioinformatics|10.1002/047001153X.G409314|9|1|M. Sanner|cae1431de64e6cb16452c7cb0fb83b836bc20b47\\n2015|Which Programming Language Should Students Learn First? 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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "/**  *   Copyright (c) Rich Hickey. All rights reserved.  *   The use and distribution terms for this software are covered by the  *   Eclipse Public License 1.0 (http://opensource.org/licenses/eclipse-1.0.php)  *   which can be found in the file epl-v10.html at the root of this distribution.  *   By using this software in any fashion, you are agreeing to be bound by  *   the terms of this license.  *   You must not remove this notice, or any other, from this software.  **/  /* rich Apr 19, 2008 */  package clojure.lang;  import java.lang.ref.Reference; import java.math.BigInteger; import java.util.Map; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap; import java.lang.ref.SoftReference; import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;  public class Util{ static public boolean equiv(Object k1, Object k2){  if(k1 == k2)   return true;  if(k1 != null)   {   if(k1 instanceof Number && k2 instanceof Number)    return Numbers.equal((Number)k1, (Number)k2);   else if(k1 instanceof IPersistentCollection || k2 instanceof IPersistentCollection)    return pcequiv(k1,k2);   return k1.equals(k2);   }  return false; }  static public boolean equiv(long k1, long k2){  return k1 == k2; }  static public boolean equiv(Object k1, long k2){  return equiv(k1, (Object)k2); }  static public boolean equiv(long k1, Object k2){  return equiv((Object)k1, k2); }  static public boolean equiv(double k1, double k2){  return k1 == k2; }  static public boolean equiv(Object k1, double k2){  return equiv(k1, (Object)k2); }  static public boolean equiv(double k1, Object k2){  return equiv((Object)k1, k2); }  static public boolean equiv(boolean k1, boolean k2){  return k1 == k2; }  static public boolean equiv(Object k1, boolean k2){  return equiv(k1, (Object)k2); }  static public boolean equiv(boolean k1, Object k2){  return equiv((Object)k1, k2); }  static public boolean equiv(char c1, char c2) {     return c1 == c2; }  static public boolean pcequiv(Object k1, Object k2){  if(k1 instanceof IPersistentCollection)   return ((IPersistentCollection)k1).equiv(k2);  return ((IPersistentCollection)k2).equiv(k1); }  static public boolean equals(Object k1, Object k2){  if(k1 == k2)   return true;  return k1 != null && k1.equals(k2); }  static public boolean identical(Object k1, Object k2){  return k1 == k2; }  static public Class classOf(Object x){  if(x != null)   return x.getClass();  return null; }  static public int compare(Object k1, Object k2){  if(k1 == k2)   return 0;  if(k1 != null)   {   if(k2 == null)    return 1;   if(k1 instanceof Number)    return Numbers.compare((Number) k1, (Number) k2);   return ((Comparable) k1).compareTo(k2);   }  return -1; }  static public int hash(Object o){  if(o == null)   return 0;  return o.hashCode(); }  static public int hasheq(Object o){  if(o == null)   return 0;  if(o instanceof Number)   return Numbers.hasheq((Number)o);  else if(o instanceof IHashEq)   return ((IHashEq)o).hasheq();  return o.hashCode(); }  static public int hashCombine(int seed, int hash){  //a la boost  seed ^= hash + 0x9e3779b9 + (seed << 6) + (seed >> 2);  return seed; }  static public boolean isPrimitive(Class c){  return c != null && c.isPrimitive() && !(c == Void.TYPE); }  static public boolean isInteger(Object x){  return x instanceof Integer    || x instanceof Long          || x instanceof BigInt    || x instanceof BigInteger; }  static public Object ret1(Object ret, Object nil){   return ret; }  static public ISeq ret1(ISeq ret, Object nil){   return ret; }  static public <K,V> void clearCache(ReferenceQueue rq, ConcurrentHashMap<K, Reference<V>> cache){   //cleanup any dead entries  if(rq.poll() != null)   {   while(rq.poll() != null)    ;   for(Map.Entry<K, Reference<V>> e : cache.entrySet())    {             Reference<V> val = e.getValue();    if(val != null && val.get() == null)     cache.remove(e.getKey(), val);    }   } }  static public RuntimeException runtimeException(String s){  return new RuntimeException(s); }  static public RuntimeException runtimeException(String s, Throwable e){  return new RuntimeException(s, e); }  /**  * Throw even checked exceptions without being required  * to declare them or catch them. Suggested idiom:  * <p>  * <code>throw sneakyThrow( some exception );</code>  */ static public RuntimeException sneakyThrow(Throwable t) {     // http://www.mail-archive.com/javaposse@googlegroups.com/msg05984.html  if (t == null)   throw new NullPointerException();  Util.<RuntimeException>sneakyThrow0(t);  return null; }  @SuppressWarnings(\"unchecked\") static private <T extends Throwable> void sneakyThrow0(Throwable t) throws T {  throw (T) t; }  }  ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Java",
    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/java",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/java",
    "rijuRepl_example": "public class Main {     public static void main(String[] args) {         System.out.println(\"Hello, world!\");     } } ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/java",
    "wikipedia_example": "// Hello.java (Java SE 5) import javax.swing.*;  public class Hello extends JFrame {     public Hello() {         super(\"hello\");         super.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);         super.add(new JLabel(\"Hello, world!\"));         super.pack();         super.setVisible(true);     }      public static void main(final String[] args) {         new Hello();     } }",
    "leachim6": "Java",
    "compilerExplorer": "Java",
    "languageServerProtocolProject": "https://github.com/georgewfraser/vscode-javac",
    "keywords": "abstract continue for new switch assert default goto package synchronized boolean do if private this break double implements protected throw byte else import public throws case enum instanceof return transient catch extends int short try char final interface static void class finally long strictfp volatile const float native super while _",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/openjdk/jdk",
    "meetup": "https://www.meetup.com/topics/java",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "printToken": "System.out.println",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
    "hasSinglePassParser": false,
    "hasAccessModifiers": true,
    "hasAssertStatements": true,
    "hasBinaryNumbers": true,
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasCaseInsensitiveIdentifiers": false,
    "hasClasses": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasConditionals": true,
    "hasConstants": true,
    "hasConstructors": true,
    "hasExceptions": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasFunctionOverloading": true,
    "hasFunctions": true,
    "hasGarbageCollection": true,
    "hasGenerics": true,
    "hasHexadecimals": true,
    "hasImports": true,
    "hasIncrementAndDecrementOperators": true,
    "hasInheritance": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasInterfaces": true,
    "hasIterators": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasStandardLibrary": true,
    "hasMacros": false,
    "hasModules": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasNamedArguments": false,
    "hasOctals": true,
    "hasOperatorOverloading": false,
    "hasPointers": false,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSExpressions": false,
    "hasScientificNotation": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasSingleDispatch": true,
    "hasStaticTyping": true,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "hasStructuralTyping": false,
    "hasSwitch": true,
    "hasThreads": true,
    "hasTypeClasses": false,
    "hasVariableSubstitutionSyntax": false,
    "hasWhileLoops": true,
    "hasZeroBasedNumbering": true,
    "isCaseSensitive": true,
    "jupyterKernel": "https://github.com/SpencerPark/IJava",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 401,
    "paperCount": 37,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2131",
    "pypl": "Java",
    "tiobe": "Java",
    "githubBigQuery": "Java",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/java.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2017|Pearson|Java Software Solutions|Lewis, John and Loftus, William|9780134462028\\n2011|Pearson|Data Structures and Other Objects Using Java|Main, Michael|9780132576246\\n2013|Pearson|Building Java Programs (3rd Edition)|Reges, Stuart and Stepp, Marty|9780133360905\\n2009|McGraw-Hill Education|Java Programming: From The Ground Up|Ralph Bravaco and Shai Simonson|9780073523354\\n2011|Pearson|Java Software Solutions: Foundations of Program Design|Lewis, John and Loftus, William|9780132149181\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|Java in a Nutshell: A Desktop Quick Reference|Evans, Benjamin J and Flanagan, David|9781449370824\\n2003|Pearson|C++ for Java Programmers|Weiss, Mark|9780139194245\\n2013|Cengage Learning|Java Programming|Farrell, Joyce|9781285081953\\n2014|Manning Publications|Java 8 in Action: Lambdas, Streams, and functional-style programming|Urma, Raoul-Gabriel and Fusco, Mario and Mycroft, Alan|9781617291999\\n2006|Pearson|Thinking in Java|Eckel, Bruce|9780131872486\\n2017|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's Java Programming (5th Edition)|Joel Murach|9781943872077\\n2012|Pearson|Absolute Java (5th Edition)|Savitch, Walter and Mock, Kenrick|9780132830317\\n2005|Pearson|Data Structures and Algorithms in Java|Drake, Peter|9780131469143\\n2009|Wiley|Big Java: Compatible with Java 5, 6 and 7|Horstmann, Cay S.|9780470509487\\n2017|Pearson|Java How to Program, Early Objects (Deitel: How to Program)|Deitel, Paul and Deitel, Harvey|9780134743356\\n2014|Pearson|Introduction to Java Programming, Comprehensive Version plus MyLab Programming with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)|Liang, Y. Daniel|9780133813463\\n2000|Pearson|C for Java Programmers|Muldner, Tomasz|9780201702798\\n2002|Sams|Sams Teach Yourself Java 2 in 24 Hours (3rd Edition) (Sams Teach Yourself...in 24 Hours (Paperback))|Cadenhead, Rogers|9780672324604\\n2012|Wiley|Java Concepts: Early Objects|Horstmann, Cay S.|9781118431122\\n2013|O'Reilly Media|RESTful Java with JAX-RS 2.0: Designing and Developing Distributed Web Services|Burke, Bill|9781449361341\\n2005|Wiley|Java Concepts|Horstmann, Cay S.|9780471697046\\n2014|Sybex|OCA: Oracle Certified Associate Java SE 8 Programmer I Study Guide: Exam 1Z0-808|Boyarsky, Jeanne and Scott Selikoff|9781118957400\\n2014|Pearson|Intro to Java Programming, Comprehensive Version, Student Value Edition (10th Edition)|Liang, Y. Daniel|9780133593495\\n2008|McGraw-Hill Science/Engineerin|Introduction to Programming with Java A Problem Solving Approach|John S. Dean and Raymond H. Dean|9780073047027\\n2007|Wiley|Java Concepts for AP Computer Science|Horstmann, Cay S.|9780470181607\\n2007|Cengage Learning|Java Programming Lab Manual: From Problem Analysis To Program Design, 3rd Edition|Mayfield, Blayne|9781423901884\\n2004|O'Reilly Media|Java Threads: Understanding and Mastering Concurrent Programming|Scott Oaks and Henry Wong|9780596007829\\n2005|Cengage Learning|Java Programming: Program Design Including Data Structures|Malik, D. S.|9781418835408\\n2009|Prentice Hall|Java How to Program: Late Objects Version|Deitel, Paul|9780136123712\\n2012|Prentice Hall|Introduction to Java Programming, Comprehensive Version Plus Myprogramminglab with Pearson Etext -- Access Card Package|Liang, Y Daniel|9780133050578\\n08/24/2012|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Java in a Nutshell|Flanagan, David|9780596007737\\n2014|Pearson|Introduction to Java Programming, Brief Version Plus MyLab Programming with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)|Liang, Y. Daniel|9780133813487\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|Java 8 Lambdas: Functional Programming For The Masses|Warburton, Richard|9781449370770\\n2013|O'Reilly Media|Java Network Programming|Harold, Elliotte Rusty|9781449357672\\n2012|McGraw Hill|Java Programming: A Comprehensive Introduction|Schildt, Herbert and Skrien, Dale|9780078022074\\n2004|Pearson|Addison-Wesley's Java Backpack Reference Guide|DePasquale, Peter|9780321304278\\n2002|Manning|Bitter Java|Tate, Bruce A.|9781930110434\\n2008|Pearson|Programming with Alice and Java|Lewis, John and DePasquale, Peter|9780321512093\\n2006|Lulu.com|Java by Dissection|McDowell, Charlie|9781411652385\\n2011|McGraw-Hill Education|Java The Complete Reference, 8th Edition|Schildt, Herbert|9780071606301\\n2001|O'Reilly Media|Java Security (2nd Edition)|Oaks, Scott|9780596001575\\n1996|Addison-Wesley Pub (Sd)|The Java Programming Language|Arnold, Ken and Gosling, James|9780201634556\\n1998|O'Reilly Media|Java Swing (Java (O'Reilly))|Eckstein, Robert and Loy, Marc and Wood, Dave|9781565924550\\n2002|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Fundamentals Of Computer Science Using Java|Hughes, David|9780763717612\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Programming Kotlin: Get to grips quickly with the best Java alternative|Samuel, Stephen and Bocutiu, Stefan|9781787126367\\n2017|Mercury Learning & Information|Computer Graphics Programming in OpenGL with Java|Gordon, V. Scott and Clevenger, John L.|9781683920274\\n2016|Pearson|Building Java Programs: A Back to Basics Approach Plus MyLab Programming with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package|Reges, Stuart and Stepp, Marty|9780134448305\\n2002|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|Java 2: The Complete Reference, Fifth Edition|Schildt, Herbert|9780072224207\\n2005|For Dummies|Beginning Programming with Java For Dummies|Burd, Barry A.|9780764588747\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Neural Network Programming with Java: Create and unleash the power of neural networks by implementing professional Java code|Souza, Alan M.F. and Soares, Fabio M.|9781785880902\\n2003|Prentice Hall|Object-Oriented Software Engineering: Using UML, Patterns and Java (2nd Edition)|Bruegge, Bernd and Dutoit, Allen H.|9780130471109\\n1997|Addison-Wesley|The Java Programming Language (Java Series)|Arnold, Ken and Gosling, James|9780201310061\\n2006|Wiley|Operating System Concepts with Java|Silberschatz, Abraham and Galvin, Peter B. and Gagne, Greg|9780471769071\\n2012|O'Reilly Media|Programming Android: Java Programming for the New Generation of Mobile Devices|Mednieks, Zigurd and Dornin, Laird and Meike, G. Blake and Nakamura, Masumi|9781449316648\\n2010|O'Reilly Media|Java: The Good Parts: Unearthing the Excellence in Java|Waldo, Jim|9780596803735\\n1997|Butterworth-Heinemann|Software Development for Engineers, C/C++, Pascal, Assembly, Visual Basic, HTML, Java Script, Java DOS, Windows NT, UNIX|Buchanan, William|9780340700143\\n2012|McGraw Hill|Java Programming (Oracle Press)|Sarang, Poornachandra|9780071633604\\n2017|Pearson|Introduction to Java Programming and Data Structures, Comprehensive Version, Student Value Edition Plus MyLab Programming with Pearson eText - Access Card Package|Liang, Y. Daniel|9780134756431\\n1999|O'Reilly Media|Java I/O (Java Series)|Harold, Elliotte Rusty|9781565924857\\n2005|Addison-Wesley Professional|Java Puzzlers: Traps, Pitfalls, and Corner Cases|Bloch, Joshua and Gafter, Neal|9780321336781\\n2004|Springer|Multimedia Introduction to Programming Using Java|Gries, David and Gries, Paul|9780387226811\\n2002|Apress|Bug Patterns In Java|Allen, Eric|9781590590614\\n2020|Sybex|OCP Oracle Certified Professional Java SE 11 Developer Complete Study Guide: Exam 1Z0-815, Exam 1Z0-816, and Exam 1Z0-817|Boyarsky, Jeanne and Selikoff, Scott|9781119619130\\n1997|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|Java Programmer's Reference|Schildt, Herbert and O'Neil, Joe|9780078823688\\n2002|Sams|Java for the Web With Servlets, Jsp, and Ejb: A Developer's Guide to Scalable Solutions|Kurniawan, Budi|9780735711952\\n2007|John Wiley and Sons|Java Concepts, Compatible with Java 5 and 6, 5th Edition|Horstmann, Cay S.|9780470105559\\n2014|Pearson|MyLab Programming with Pearson eText -- Access Card -- for Intro to Java Programming, Comprehensive Version, 10/e|Liang, Y. and Liang, Y. Daniel|9780133762518\\n2003|Course Technology|Data Structures Using Java|Malik, D. S.|9780619159504\\n2010|Pearson Education|Introduction to Java Programming, Comprehensive: International Edition|Liang|9780132472753\\n2006|Wiley|Concurrency: State Models and Java Programs|Magee, Jeff and Kramer, Jeff|9780470093559\\n2000|O'Reilly Media|Learning Java (Java Series)|Knudsen, Jonathan and Niemeyer, Patrick|9781565927186\\n2014|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Functional Programming in Java: Harnessing the Power Of Java 8 Lambda Expressions|Subramaniam, Venkat|9781937785468\\n2005|Cengage Learning|Java Programming: Introductory Concepts and Techniques (Available Titles Skills Assessment Manager (SAM) - Office 2010)|Shelly, Gary B. and Cashman, Thomas J. and Starks, Joy L.|9781418859831\\n2014|Addison-Wesley Professional|Java Language Specification, Java SE 8 Edition, The (Java Series)|Gosling, James and Joy, Bill and Steele Jr., Guy and Bracha, Gilad and Buckley, Alex|9780133900699\\n2007|Chapman and Hall/CRC|A Practical Guide to Data Structures and Algorithms using Java (Chapman & Hall/CRC Applied Algorithms and Data Structures series)|Goldman, Sally. A and Goldman, Kenneth. J|9781584884552\\n2015|DT EDITORIAL SERVICES|Java 8 Programming: Black Book|WILEY INDIA and WILEY INDIA and WILEY INDIA|9789351197584\\n2011|Wrox|Java Programming 24-Hour Trainer|Fain, Yakov|9780470889640\\n2004|Prentice Hall|Just Java 2 (6th Edition)|van der Linden, Peter|9780131482111\\n2020|O'Reilly Media|Learning Java: An Introduction to Real-World Programming with Java|Loy, Marc and Niemeyer, Patrick and Leuck, Daniel|9781492056270\\n1999|Sams|Java Thread Programming|Hyde, Paul|9780672315855\\n2014|Apress|Beginning Java 8 APIs, Extensions and Libraries: Swing, JavaFX, JavaScript, JDBC and Network Programming APIs (Expert's Voice in Java)|Sharan, Kishori|9781430266617\\n2003|Cambridge University Press|Java Frameworks and Components: Accelerate Your Web Application Development|Nash, Michael|9780521520591\\n2001|Addison-Wesley Professional|Building Parsers with Java|Metsker, Steven John Metsker|9780201719628\\n1996|Addison-Wesley|The Java Class Libraries: An Annotated Reference (Java Series) (v. 1)|Chan, Patrick and Lee, Rosanna|9780201634587\\n2000|McGraw-Hill|Java 2 Programmer's Reference|ONeil, Joseph|9780072123548\\n2007|Springer|Java for Bioinformatics and Biomedical Applications|Bal, Harshawardhan and Hujol, Johnny|9780387372372\\n20130312|Springer Nature|Java kompakt|Matthias Hölzl; Allaithy Raed; Martin Wirsing|9783642285042\\n2017|No Starch Press|Learn Java the Easy Way: A Hands-On Introduction to Programming|Payne, Bryson|9781593278052\\n2018|Cengage Learning|Bundle: Java Programming, Loose-Leaf Version, 9th + MindTap Programming, 1 term (6 months) Printed Access Card|Farrell, Joyce|9781337756280\\n20080514|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Java Web Services: Up and Running|Kalin, Martin|9780596521127\\n2012|O'Reilly Media|Clojure Programming: Practical Lisp for the Java World|Emerick, Chas and Carper, Brian and Grand, Christophe|9781449394707\\n2011|Wiley-IEEE Press|Practical Database Programming with Java|Bai, Ying|9780470889404\\n2015|Wrox|Java Programming: 24-Hour Trainer|Fain, Yakov|9781118951453\\n2009|McGraw-Hill Higher Education|An Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming with Java|Wu, C. Thomas|9780071283687\\n2007|McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math|A Comprehensive Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming with Java|Wu, C|9780073317083\\n2014|Pearson|MyLab Programming with Pearson eText -- Access Code Card -- for Java Software Solutions: Foundations of Program Design|Lewis, John and Lewis, John and Loftus, William|9780133781281\\n2004|O'Reilly Media|Java Network Programming, Third Edition|Harold, Elliotte Rusty|9780596007218\\n2000|Addison-Wesley|The Real-Time Specification for Java|Gosling, James and Bollella, Greg and Dibble, Peter and Furr, Steve and Turnbull, Mark|9780201703238\\n1996|Waite Group Pr|Black Art of Java Game Programming|Fan, Joel and Tenitchi, Calin and Ries, Eric|9781571690432\\n2000|Addison-Wesley|Advanced Programming for the Java 2 Platform|Austin, Calvin and Pawlan, Monica|9780201715019\\n2000|Cambridge University Press|Fundamentals of OOP and Data Structures in Java|Wiener, Richard and Pinson, Lewis J.|9780521662208\\n2017|For Dummies|Java For Dummies (For Dummies (Computers))|Burd, Barry|9781119235552\\n2008|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Programming Groovy: Dynamic Productivity for the Java Developer (Pragmatic Programmers)|Subramaniam, Venkat|9781934356098\\n2008|CRC Press|Java Programming Fundamentals: Problem Solving Through Object Oriented Analysis and Design|Nair, Premchand S.|9781420065473\\n2004|McGraw-Hill Education|Java Demystified|Keogh, Jim|9780072254549\\n2008|Prentice Hall|Introduction to Java Programming|Liang, Y. Daniel|9780136042587\\n1997|Cambridge University Press|Modern Compiler Implementation in Java|Appel, Andrew W.|9780521583886\\n2004|Prentice Hall|Small Java How To Program|Deitel, Harvey M. and Deitel, Paul J.|9780131486607\\n2017|Manning Publications|Functional Programming in Java: How functional techniques improve your Java programs|Saumont, Pierre-Yves|9781617292736\\n1999|Wiley|Mastering Enterprise JavaBeans and the Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition|Roman, Ed|9780471332299\\n2003|Jones & Bartlett Publishers|Programming and Problem Solving with Java|Dale, Nell B. and Chip Weems and Mark R. Headington|9780763704902\\n1996|Ventana Pr|Java Programming For The Internet: A Guide To Creating Dynamic, Interactive Internet Applications|Pratik R. Patel and Alan D. Hudson and Donald A. Ball|9781566043557\\n2002|McGraw-Hill/OsborneMedia|Java Servlets Developer's Guide|Karl Moss and Michael Mueller and Lyssa Wald|9780072222623\\n2019|Pearson|Mylab Programming with Pearson Etext -- Access Card -- For Introduction to Java Programming and Data Structures, Comprehensive Version|Liang, Y. Daniel|9780134672816\\n2004|Morgan Kaufmann|Java Cryptography Extensions: Practical Guide for Programmers (The Practical Guides)|Weiss, Jason R.|9780127427515\\n2001|O'Reilly Media|Java Programming with Oracle JDBC|Bales, Donald|9780596000882\\n2004|Prentice Hall|Java Application Development on Linux|Albing, Carl|9780131436978\\n2006|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Java Web Development Illuminated (Jones and Bartlett Illuminated (Paperback))|Qian, Kai|9780763734237\\n2000|Que Pub|Platinum Edition Using Xhtml, Xml and Java 2|O'Donnell, Jim|9780789724731\\n1996|Addison-Wesley|Hooked on Java: Creating Hot Web Sites With Java Applets|Van Hoff, Arthur and Shaio, Sami and Starbuck, Orca and Sun Microsystems, Inc.|9780201488371\\n2012||Java Programming: A Comprehensive 1st Skrien|Herbert Schildt, Dale John Skrien|9780071310376\\n1996|Addison-wesley Pub. Co.|Hooked On Java: Creating Hot Web Sites With Java Applets|Van Hoff, Arthur.|9780201852745\\n2010|Apress|The Definitive Guide to Jython: Python for the Java Platform (Expert's Voice in Software Development)|Juneau, Josh and Baker, Jim and Wierzbicki, Frank and Soto Muoz, Leo and Ng, Victor and Ng, Alex and Baker, Donna L.|9781430225270\\n1999|Wiley|Concurrency: State Models & Java Programs|Magee, Jeff and Kramer, Jeff|9780471987109\\n2021|Oxford University Press|Programming in Java|Sachin Malhotra,Saurabh Chaudhary|9780198094852\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|Learning Wireless Java|Qusay Mahmoud|9780596002435\\n2007|Addison Wesley|Java Foundations: Introduction to Program Design and Data Structures|Lewis, John and DePasquale, Peter and Chase, Joseph|9780321429728\\n2006|Springer|An Introduction to Network Programming with Java|Graba, Jan|9781846283802\\n1997|O'Reilly Media|Java Virtual Machine (Java Series)|Downing, Troy and Meyer, Jon|9781565921948\\n2002|Course Technology|Object-Oriented Application Development Using Java|Doke, E. Reed and Satzinger, John W. and Rebstock Williams, Susan|9780619035655\\n2005|Lawrenceville Pr|A Guide To Programming in Java: Java 2 Platform Standard Edition 5|Brown, Beth|9781580030717\\n2004|Wrox|Professional Java Tools for Extreme Programming: Ant, XDoclet, JUnit, Cactus, and Maven|Hightower, Richard and Onstine, Warner and Visan, Paul and Payne, Damon and Gradecki, Joseph D.|9780764556173\\n2019|Pearson|Building Java Programs, Student Value Edition|Reges, Stuart and Stepp, Marty|9780135472118\\n1999|Sams|Java 2 for Professional Developers|Morgan, Michael|9780672316975\\n1999|Manning Publications|Java Network Programming, 2nd Edition|Hughes, Merlin and Hamner, Derek and Hughes, Merlin|9781884777493\\n2007|Course Technology|Modern Software Development Using Java|Tymann, Paul T. and Schneider, G.Michael|9781423901235\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|Java Management Extensions: Managing Java Applications with JMX|J. Steven Perry|9780596002459\\n2014|Pearson|MyLab Programming with Pearson eText -- Access Card -- for Intro to Java Programming, Brief Version|Liang, Y. Daniel|9780133592689\\n2004|Prentice Hall|Java Transaction Processing (Hewlett-Packard Professional Books): Design and Implementation|Mark Little and Jon Maron and Greg Pavlik and Jonathan Maron|9780130352903\\n2003|IBM Press|Enterprise Java Programming with IBM WebSphere (2nd Edition)|Brown, Kyle and Craig, Gary and Hester, Greg and Pitt, David and Stinehour, Russell and Weitzel, Mark and Amsden, Jim and Jakab, Peter M. and Berg, Daniel|9780321185792\\n2004|O'Reilly Media|Hardcore Java|Robert Simmons|9780596005689\\n1999|Addison Wesley|Introduction to Programming Using Java: An Object-Oriented Approach: Java 2 Update|Arnow, David and Weiss, Gerald|9780201612721\\n2009|Cengage Learning|Java Programming|Farrell, Joyce|9780324599510\\n1997|O'Reilly Media|Java in a Nutshell: A Desktop Quick Reference for Java Programmers (In a Nutshell (O'Reilly))|Flanagan, David|9781565922624\\n2007|Cengage Learning PTR|Beginning Java Game Programming Second Edition|Harbour, Jonathan S.|9781598634761\\n2001|Prentice Hall Ptr|Java 3D API Jump-Start|Aaron E. Walsh and Doug Gehringer|9780130340764\\n1999|Prentice Hall|Java 2 Programmer's Interactive Workbook|Chu, Kevin and Brower, Eric|9780130166388\\n2005|Wiley-Interscience|Modern Multithreading : Implementing, Testing, and Debugging Multithreaded Java and C++/Pthreads/Win32 Programs|Carver, Richard H. and Tai, Kuo-Chung|9780471725046\\n2015|Apress|Pro Java 8 Programming|Brett Spell, Terrill|9781484206423\\n2006|Pragmatic Bookshelf|From Java to Ruby: Things Every Manager Should Know (Pragmatic Programmers)|Tate, Bruce A.|9780976694090\\n2011|Addison-Wesley Professional|Starting Out with Java: From Control Structures Through Data Structures with Java Integrated Development Environment Resource Kit|Gaddis, Tony and Muganda, Godfrey|9780132757638\\n1999|Springer|Essential Java 2 fast: How to develop applications and applets with Java 2 (Essential Series)|Cowell, John|9781852330712\\n2008|Apress|Practical API Design: Confessions of a Java Framework Architect|Tulach, Jaroslav|9781430209737\\n2003|For Dummies|Beginning Programming with Java For Dummies (For Dummies (Computers))|Burd, Barry A.|9780764526466\\n2000|Coriolis Group|Java Black Book: The Java Book Programmers Turn To First|Holzner, Steven|9781576105313\\n20200417|Pearson Education (US)|Introduction to Java Programming and Data Structures, Comprehensive Version|Y. Daniel Liang|9780136801504\\n2017|Pearson|Java Software Solutions, Student Value Edition Plus MyLab Programming with Pearson eText - Access Card Package|Lewis, John and Loftus, William|9780134756387\\n1998|Wiley|Client/Server Programming with Java and CORBA, 2nd Edition|Orfali, Robert and Harkey, Dan|9780471245780\\n2012|Packt Publishing|Oracle Certified Associate, Java SE 7 Programmer Study Guide|M. Reese Richard|9781849687324\\n2005|John Wiley & Sons|Concurrent And Real-time Programming In Java|Andrew Wellings|9780470011270\\n2011|Oxford University Press|Programming in JAVA|Malhotra, Sachin and Choudhary, Saurabh|9780198063582\\n1996|IDG Books|Java for Dummies|Aaron E. Walsh|9781568846415\\n1998|Addison-Wesley|The Java Tutorial: Object-Oriented Programming for the Internet (2nd Edition)|Campione, Mary and Walrath, Kathy|9780201310078\\n1999|Sams|Sams Teach Yourself Java 2 in 21 Days (Teach Yourself in 21 Days Series)|Lemay, Laura and Cadenhead, Rogers|9780672316388\\n2005|Course Technology|Java Programming|Farrell, Joyce|9780619213190\\n2012|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Kinect Open Source Programming Secrets: Hacking the Kinect with OpenNI, NITE, and Java|Davison, Andrew|9780071783170\\n2003|Wiley|MySQL and Java Developer's Guide|Mark Matthews and Jim Cole and Joseph D. Gradecki|9780471269236\\n2013|Pearson|MyProgrammingLab with Pearson eText -- Access Card -- for Building Java Programs (MyProgrammingLab (Access Codes))|Reges, Stuart and Stepp, Marty|9780133379785\\n1999|Prentice Hall|Java for Students 1.2|Bell, Doug and Parr, Mike|9780130109224\\n1996|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Foundations of Java Programming for the World Wide Web|Walsh, Aaron E.|9781568848112\\n2017|O'Reilly Media|Java Pocket Guide: Instant Help for Java Programmers|Liguori, Robert and Liguori, Patricia|9781491938690\\n2001|Prentice Hall PTR|Core Java 2, Volume II: Advanced Features (5th Edition)|Horstmann, Cay and Cornell, Gary|9780130927385\\n||Java|In Easy Steps|9780071077101\\n2002|Prentice Hall|Java, Java, Java Object-Oriented Problem Solving (2nd Edition)|Morelli, Ralph|9780130333704\\n2006|Sams Publishing|Agile Java Development with Spring, Hibernate and Eclipse|Hemrajani, Anil|9780672328961\\n2002|Syngress|Programming Lego Mindstorms with Java (With CD-ROM)|Dario Laverde and Giulio Ferrari and Jurgen Stuber|9781928994558\\n2007|AddisonWesley Professional|Eclipse Web Tools Platform: Developing Java Web Applications|Dai, Naci|9780321396853\\n2001|O'Reilly Media|Java Programming with Oracle SQLJ|Price, Jason|9780596000875\\n2016|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Java: The Ultimate Guide To Learn Java Programming And Computer Hacking (java For Beginners, Java For Dummies, Java Apps, Hacking) (html, Javascript, ... Developers, Coding, Css, Php) (volume 2)|Peter Hoffman and Matt Benton|9781523407811\\n2003|John Wiley &Sons|Mastering AspectJ: Aspect-Oriented Programming in Java|Gradecki, Joseph D.|9780471431046\\n2005|Addison Wesley|Starting Out with Java 5: Control Structures to Objects|Gaddis, Tony|9781576761717\\n2008|I. K. International Pvt Ltd|Data Structures Through Java|Muniswamy|9788189866822\\n2001|Prentice Hall|Weaving a Website: Programming in HTML, Java Script, Perl and Java|Anderson-Freed, Susan|9780130282200\\n2006|Prentice Hall|Introduction to Java Programming (GOAL Series)|Liang, Y Daniel|9780132237383\\n2002|Wiley|Java the UML Way: Integrating Object-Oriented Design and Programming|Lervik, Else and Havdal, Vegard B.|9780470843864\\n2012|Apress|Pro JavaFX 2: A Definitive Guide to Rich Clients with Java Technology|Weaver, James and Gao, Weiqi and Chin, Stephen and Iverson, Dean and Vos, Johan|9781430268727\\n2000|O'Reilly Media|Java Network Programming (Java (O'Reilly))|Harold, Elliotte Rusty|9781565928701\\n2003|Sybex|Java Programming 10-Minute Solutions|Watson, Mark and Sybex|9780782142853\\n1996|Mis Pr|Java Programming Basics|Au, Edith and Makower, Dave|9781558284692\\n2002|Wrox|Beginning Java 2|Horton, Ivor|9780764543654\\n2015|Kidware Software|Java For Kids: NetBeans 8 Programming Tutorial|Conrod, Philip and Tylee, Lou|9781937161880\\n2018|Mercury Learning & Information|Computer Graphics Programming in OpenGL with JAVA|Gordon, V. Scott and Clevenger, John L.|9781683922193\\n1999|Prentice Hall Ptr|Core Java 2 , Volume 2: Advanced Features (4th Edition)|Horstmann, Cay S. and Cornell, Gary|9780130819345\\n2012|Pearson|MyProgrammingLab with Pearson eText  --  Access Card  -- for Absolute Java (5th Edition)|Pearson Education and Mock, Kenrick|9780132846387\\n2007|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Rails for Java Developers|Halloway, Stuart and Gehtland, Justin|9780977616695\\n1997|Computing McGraw-Hill|Advanced Java 1.1 Programming|Rice, Jeffrey C. and Salisbury, Irving|9780079130891\\n2020|O'Reilly Media|Programming AWS Lambda: Build and Deploy Serverless Applications with Java|Chapin, John and Roberts, Mike|9781492041054\\n2019|Springer|Fundamentals of Java Programming|Ogihara, Mitsunori|9783030077853\\n2020|O'Reilly Media|Quarkus Cookbook: Kubernetes-Optimized Java Solutions|Bueno, Alex Soto and Porter, Jason|9781492062653\\n1996|Sybex Inc|Mastering Java|Phillips, Ivan and Hsu, Goang-Tay and Sankar, Krishna and Ries, Eric and Rohaly, Tim and Zukowski, John and Vanhelsuwe, Laurence|9780782119350\\n2002|Wiley|Java Database Programming Bible|O'Donahue, John|9780764549243\\n2009|Springer|A Concise and Practical Introduction to Programming Algorithms in Java (Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science)|Nielsen, Frank|9781848823389\\n2006|Lawrenceville Pr|A Guide to Programming in Java: Java 2 Platform Standard Edition 5|Brown, Beth|9781580030724\\n2002|Pearson P T R|Java Web Services: For Experienced Programmers (Deitel Developers Series)|Deitel, Harvey M. and Deitel, Paul J. and Gadzik, J. P. and Lomeli, K. and Santry, S. E. and Zhang, S.|9780130461346\\n2013|Kidware Software|Java For Kids - A Computer Programming Tutorial|Conrod, Philip and Tylee, Lou|9781937161606\\n2003|Charles River Media|ANT: The Java Build Tool In Practice (Programming Series)|Matzke, Bernd|9781584502487\\n2001|Pearson|On to Java (3rd Edition)|Winston, Patrick Henry and Narasimhan, Sundar|9780201725933\\n2003|Apress|Java Regular Expressions: Taming the java.util.regex Engine|Mehran Habibi|9781590591079\\n2000|Apress|Professional Java Programming|Spell, Brett|9781861003829\\n1996|Osborne Mcgraw-Hill|The Java Handbook|Naughton, Patrick|9780078821998\\n2003|Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated|Java Testing Patterns|Andrew Glover and Kyle Brown and Jon Thomas and Matthew Young|9780471448464\\n2020|Payload Media|Android Studio 4.0 Development Essentials - Java Edition: Developing Android Apps Using Android Studio 4.0, Java and Android Jetpack|Smyth, Neil|9781951442224\\n2001|Wiley|Java In Telecommunications: Solutions For Next Generation Networks|Thomas C. Jepsen and Farooq Anjum and Ravi Raj Bhat and Douglas Tait|9780471498261\\n2007|Apress|Pro Java 6 3D Game Development: Java 3D, JOGL, JInput and JOAL APIs (Expert's Voice in Java)|Davison, Andrew|9781590598177\\n1998|Addison-Wesley|Understanding Object-Oriented Programming With Java|Budd, Timothy|9780201308815\\n1999|Wiley|Computing Concepts with Java 2 Essentials|Horstmann, Cay S.|9780471346098\\n2002|Manning Publications|Java 2 Micro Edition|White, James and Hemphill, David A and Hemphill, David|9781930110335\\n2005|Charles River Media|Java Messaging (Programming Series)|Bruno, Eric|9781584504184\\n2000|Apress|Beginning Java 2 - Jdk 1.3 Edition (Programmer to Programmer)|Horton, Ivor|9781861003669\\n2000|Sybex Inc|The Complete Java 2 Certification Study Guide: Programmer's and Developers Exams (With CD-ROM)|Roberts, Simon and Heller, Philip and Ernest, Michael and Heller, Philip|9780782128253\\n2003|Prentice Hall|Information Systems Programming with Java (2nd Edition)|Staugaard, Andrew|9780131018600\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Mastering Concurrency Programming with Java 9 - Second Edition: Fast, reactive and parallel application development|Gonzalez, Javier Fernandez|9781785887949\\n1999|McGraw-Hill Education|Java 2: The Complete Reference|Naughton, Patrick and Schildt, Herbert|9780072132878\\n2001|Research & Education Association|Java Super Review w/ CD-ROM (Super Reviews Study Guides)|Rea and Staff of Research & Education Association and Randall Raus and Dr. Hang Lau|9780878913800\\n1997|O'Reilly Media|Java in a Nutshell, Deluxe Edition (In a Nutshell (O'Reilly))|Flanagan, David|9781565923041\\n2017|Pearson|MyLab Programming with Pearson eText -- Access Code Card -- for Java How to Program, Early Objects|Deitel, Paul and Deitel, Harvey|9780134752129\\n1996|Sams|Teach Yourself Java in 21 Days (Teach Yourself (Teach Yourself))|Lemay, Laura and Perkins, Charles L.|9781575210308\\n2014|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Learn to Program with Minecraft Plugins: Create Flaming Cows in Java Using CanaryMod|Hunt, Andy|9781941222942\\n2021|Sybex|OCP Java SE 11 Developer Complete Certication Kit|Boyarsky, Jeanne and Selikoff, Scott|9781119784746\\n2009|Apress|Learn Objective-C for Java Developers (Learn Series)|Bucanek, James|9781430223696\\n1999|Iuniverse|Principles Of Object-oriented Programming In Java 1.1|James W. Cooper|9781583482186\\n2002|Addison-Wesley|Java Data Objects|Roos, Robin M.|9780321123800\\n1998|O'Reilly Media|Java Cryptography (Java Series)|Knudsen, Jonathan|9781565924024\\n1998|McGraw-Hill|Schaum's Outlines of Programming with Java|Hubbard, John R.|9780071342100\\n2019|Apress|Practical Microservices Architectural Patterns: Event-Based Java Microservices with Spring Boot and Spring Cloud|Binildas Christudas|9781484245019\\n2003|Que Pub|Java 2 Developer Exam Cram 2: Exam Cx-310-252A and Cx-310-027|Trottier, Alain|9780789729927\\n1997|Prentice Hall Ptr|JAVA JUMP START: A Beginner's Guide to Internet Programming|Enete, Noel|9780135658543\\n2002|Sams Publishing|JXTA: Java P2P Programming|Brookshier, Daniel and Govoni, Darren and Krishnan, Navaneeth and Soto, Juan|9780672323669\\n2016|Pearson|MyLab Programming with Pearson eText -- Access Card -- for Introduction to Java Programming, AP Version (1-year access)|Liang, Y. Daniel|9780134441160\\n2018|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Java: Simple Beginner’s Guide to Java Programming (Tips and Tricks and Strategies of Java Programming) (Volume 1)|Laurence, Paul|9781718753914\\n1999|Waite Group Pr|Java Programming for Linux|Meyers, Nathan|9781571691668\\n2001|Apress|Professional WebObjects with Java|Thomas Termini and Pierce Wetter and Ben Galbraith and Jim Roepcke and Pero Maric and John Hopkins and Josh Flowers and Daniel Steinberg and Max Muller and Michael DeMann and Bernard Scholz|9781861004314\\n2008|Morgan Kaufmann|Bluetooth Application Programming with the Java APIs Essentials Edition (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Networking)|Thompson, Timothy J. and Kumar, C Bala and Kline, Paul J.|9780123743428\\n2012|Pearson College Div|Introduction to Java Programming|Liang, Y. Daniel|9780133051469\\n2008|Packt Publishing|Java EE 5 Development with NetBeans 6|Heffelfinger, David|9781847195463\\n|Pearson Education Limited|Introduction to Java Programming and Data Structures, Comprehensive Version Plus Pearson Mylab Programming with Pearson Etext, Global Edition||9781292222028\\n|Wrox Press|Professional Oracle 8i Java|Wrox Press Author Team|9781861004154\\n2005|Sams Publishing|Java After Hours: 10 Projects You'll Never Do at Work|Holzner, Steven|9780672327476\\n1999|Apress|Professional JavaScript with DHTML, ASP, CGI, FESI, Netscape Enterprise Server, Windows Script Host, LiveConnect and Java|Chirelli, Andrea and Li, Sing and Wilton, Paul and McFarlane, Nigel and Updegrave, Stuart and Wilcox, Mark and Wootton, Cliff and McFarlane, Nigel and James De Carli|9781861002709\\n2001|Sams|Wireless Java Programming With J2me|Yu Feng and Jun Zhu|9780672321351\\n2017|Cengage Learning|Java Programming, Loose-leaf Version|Farrell, Joyce|9781337685917\\n1996|Computing McGraw-Hill|Web Site Programming With Java|Harms, David and Fiske, Barton C. and Rice, Jeffrey C.|9780079129864\\n2002|Charles River Media|Java Programming Fundamentals (CYBERROOKIES SERIES)|Seefeld, Kimberly|9781584502210\\n2000|Sams|Java Server Pages Application Development|Scott M. Stirling and Andre Lei and Ben Forta and Edwin Smith and Larry Kim and Roger Kerr and David Aden|9780672319396\\n2000|Addison-wesley Professional|Ldap Programming With Java (paperback)|Rob Weltman and Tony Dahbura|9780768682144\\n20041228|Cambridge University Press|COBOL Programmers Swing with Java|E. Reed Doke; Bill C. Hardgrave; Richard A. Johnson|9780511081507\\n1999|Holt Software Associates Inc.|Programming Concepts in Java 2nd Edition w/ IBM's VisualAge for Java 2.0 Software||9780921598329\\n2007|AddisonWesley Professional|Next Generation Java Testing: TestNG and Advanced Concepts|Beust, C\\Xe9dric|9780321503107\\n20140328|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Client-Server Web Apps with JavaScript and Java|Casimir Saternos|9781449369316\\n2014|Apress|Pro JavaFX 8: A Definitive Guide to Building Desktop, Mobile, and Embedded Java Clients|Vos, Johan and Gao, Weiqi and Weaver, James and Chin, Stephen and Iverson, Dean|9781430265740\\n1999|Sams|Pure Java 2|Litwak, Kenneth|9780672316548\\n2021|McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.|Programming with Java|Bradley, Julia Case and Millspaugh, Anita|9780071123099\\n2006|BrainySoftware|Java 5: A Beginner's Tutorial (BrainySoftware)|Kurniawan, Budi|9780975212851\\n2002|Sams Publishing|Java 2 Unleashed|Potts, Stephen and Pestrikov, Alex|9780672323942\\n2002|Sams Publishing|Java Media APIs: Cross-Platform Imaging, Media and Visualization|Terrazas PH.D., Alejandro and Ostuni PH.D., John and Barlow, Michael|9780672320941\\n2002|Microsoft Press|C# for Java Developers (Pro-Developer)|Jones, Allen and Freeman, Adam|9780735617797\\n2001|Pearson Education (US)|Understanding Object-Oriented Programming with Java|Timothy A. Budd|9780201787047\\n2001|Addison-Wesley Professional|Programming Open Service Gateways with Java Embedded Server™ Technology|Mike Hendrickson and Chen, Kirk and Gong, Li|9780201711028\\n2013|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Fundamentals of Object-Oriented Programming in Java|Mohan, Permanand|9781482587524\\n2021|CENGAGE INDIA|Java Programming: Advanced Topics (GTU) (with CD)|WILLIAMS RICHARD H.|9788131508688\\n2002|Course Technology|Java Programming, Second Edition|Farrell, Joyce|9780619016593\\n2022|N/a|Java An Introduction to Problem Solving & Programming|Walter Savitch|9780273751427\\n2003|O'Reilly Media|Java Extreme Programming Cookbook|Eric M. Burke and Brian M. Coyner|9780596003876\\n2011|Course Technology|Java Programming From Problem Analysis To Program Design|Malik and D. S.|9781111577643\\n2010|Packt Publishing|Google App Engine Java and GWT Application Development|Guermeur, Daniel and Unruh, Amy|9781849690447\\n2002|Routledge|Java Programming for Engineers (Mechanical Engineering)|Sanchez, Julio|9780849308109\\n2004|Wiley|Concurrent and Real-Time Programming in Java|Wellings, Andrew|9780470844373\\n2021|Jones & Bartlet|A Laboratory Course for Programming with Java|Dale|9789380108186\\n2014|Apress|Learn Java for Web Development: Modern Java Web Development|Layka, Vishal|9781430259848\\n1999|Alpha|The Complete Idiot's Guide to Java 2|Morrison, Michael|9780789721310\\n2004|O'Reilly Media|Java Threads: Understanding and Mastering Concurrent Programming|Scott Oaks and Henry Wong|9780448446257\\n2012|Pearson College Div|Java + MyProgrammingLab Access Code: How to Program|Deitel, Paul and Deitel, Harvey|9780132940955\\n2006|Apress|Pro EJB 3: Java Persistence API (Expert's Voice in Java)|Keith, Mike and Schincariol, Merrick|9781590596456\\n2012|PUP Department of Computer Science|Start Concurrent: An Introduction to Problem Solving in Java with a Focus on Concurrency, 2013 Edition|Wittman, Barry and Mathur, Aditya and Korb, Tim|9781557536723\\n2008|Packt Publishing|DWR Java AJAX Applications|Sami Salkosuo|9781847192936\\n1999|Springer|Formal Syntax and Semantics of Java (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (1523))||9783540661580\\n2004|Course Technology|Java Programs to Accompany Programming Logic and Design|Smith, Jo Ann|9780619160258\\n2013|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Learning Java through Alice|Daly, Tebring and Wrigley, Eileen|9781491073933\\n2002|Mc Press|Java for RPG Programmers|Coulthard, Phil and Farr, George|9781931182065\\n2012|Pearson|MyProgrammingLab with Pearson eText -- Access Card -- for Introduction to Java Programming, Brief Version (MyProgrammingLab (Access Codes))|Liang, Y. Daniel|9780132991568\\n2016|Apress|Beginning Robotics Programming in Java with LEGO Mindstorms|Lu, Wei|9781484220047\\n1999|Charles River Media|Graphics Programming With Java Second Edition/Book and Cd-Rom (Graphics Series)|Stevens, Roger T.|9781886801912\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Java: The Guide to Master Java Programming Fast (Booklet) (Volume 2)|Hoffman, Andrew|9781532852701\\n2013|Packt Publishing|BPEL and Java Cookbook|Laznik, Jurij|9781849689205\\n2003|Mcgraw-hill (tx)|An Introduction To Object-oriented Programming With Java|C. Thomas Wu|9780071217705\\n2001|Sams Publishing|Jython for Java Programmers|Bill, Robert|9780735711112\\n2000|Manning Publications|Server-Based Java Programming|Neward, Ted|9781884777714\\n2016-09-26|Wiley Global Education US|Big Java Late Objects|Cay S. Horstmann|9781119321071\\n2000|O'Reilly Media|The Java Enterprise CD Bookshelf|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|9781565928503\\n20170404|Pearson Technology Group|Introduction to Programming in Java|Robert Sedgewick; Kevin Wayne|9780134512396\\n2011|BrainySoftware|Java 7: A Beginner's Tutorial|Kurniawan, Budi|9780980839616\\n2000|Holt Software Assoc Inc|Introduction to Programming in Java|Hume, J. N. Patterson and Stephenson, Christine|9780921598398\\n20100824|Pearson Technology Group|Java EE 6 Tutorial, The|Eric Jendrock; Ian Evans; Devika Gollapudi; Kim Haase; Chinmayee Srivathsa|9780137084265\\n2001|McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math|Objects Have Class: An Introduction to Programming with Java with CD-ROM and OLC|Poplawski, David A.|9780072505016\\n2009|Pearson|Seam Framework: Experience the Evolution of Java EE (2nd Edition)|Yuan, Michael and Orshalick, Jacob and Heute, Thomas|9780137129393\\n2004|Wiley|An Introduction to Programming and Object-Oriented Design Using Java|Ni?o, Jaime and Hosch, Frederick A.|9780471481676\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Learn Java 8 In a Week: A beginner's guide to Java Programming (Black Book)|Rathore, Mahavir DS|9781530669172\\n2002|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Introduction To Cryptography With Java Applets|Bishop, David|9780763722074\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Modular Programming in Java 9: Build large scale applications using Java modularity and Project Jigsaw|Kothagal, Koushik|9781787126909\\n2015|机械工业出版社|Java Programming Language (Basic) (the original book version 10) - Java语言程序设计（基础篇）（原书第10版）|[美]Y.Daniel Liang|9787111506904\\n1996|Coriolis Group|Java Programming EXplorer: Everything You Need to Develop Internet Applications with the Java Programming Language|Simkin, Steve and Bartlett, Neil and Leslie, Alex|9781883577810\\n1998|Cambridge University Press|Java Gems: Jewels from Java Report|Dwight Deugo and Donald G. Firesmith|9780521648240\\n2017|Addison-Wesley Professional|Effective Java|Joshua, Bloch|9780134686042\\n1999|Coriolis Group|Java 2 Exam Cram Exam 310-025|William B. Brogden|9781576102916\\n2010|Pearson Education|Introduction to Java Programming, Brief: International Edition|Liang, Y. Daniel|9780132473118\\n1999|Coriolis Group|Java 2 Exam Prep (Exam: 310-025)|Brogden, Bill|9781576102619\\n1999|Mc Pr Llc|Java Application Strategies For The As/400|Don Denoncourt|9781883884611\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Developing Java Applications with Spring and Spring Boot|Oliveira, Claudio Eduardo de and Turnquist, Greg L. and Antonov, Alex|9781789534757\\n2002|Prentice Hall|Practical Object-Oriented Development with UML and Java|Lee, Richard C. and Tepfenhart, William M.|9780130672384\\n2019|Arcler Press|Java Programming Applications|Prudhomme, Gerard|9781774073193\\n2000|Addison-Wesley|The Java 3D(TM)  API Specification (2nd Edition)|Sowizral, Henry and Rushforth, Kevin and Deering, Michael|9780201710410\\n20170830|Pearson Education (US)|Java Software Solutions|John Lewis; William Loftus|9780134544021\\n2002|Apress|The Sun Certified Java Developer Exam with J2SE 1.4|Patterson, Jeremy and Habibi, Mehran and Camerlengo, Terry|9781590590300\\n2019|Apress|Learn Java with Math: Using Fun Projects and Games|Dai, Ron|9781484252086\\n2008|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Groovy Recipes: Greasing the Wheels of Java (Pragmatic Programmers)|Davis, Scott|9780978739294\\n2004||Java Programming For Kids|Yakov Fain|9780971843950\\n2001|Apress|Java XML Programmer's Reference|Eric Jung and Andrei Cioroianu and Dave Writz and Mohammad Akif and Steven Brodhead and James Hart|9781861005205\\n2004-08-26|Wiley|Java 2 For Dummies|Barry Burd|9780764578496\\n20150529|Pearson Education (US)|Starting Out with Java|Tony Gaddis|9780133957235\\n2000|Morgan Kaufmann|Understanding SQL and Java Together: A Guide to SQLJ, JDBC, and Related Technologies (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)|Melton, Jim and Eisenberg, Andrew|9781558605626\\n2003|Sams|Extreme Programming With Ant: Building and Deploying Java Applications With Jsp, Ejb, Xslt, Xdoclet, and Junit|Niemeyer, Glenn and Poteet, Jeremy|9780672325625\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Learning Network Programming with Java|Reese, Richard|9781785882562\\n1998|Wiley|Computer Graphics for Java Programmers|Ammeraal, Leen|9780471981428\\n2014|Apress|Beginning Java 8 Games Development|Jackson, Wallace|9781484204153\\n2017|Independently published|Programming: Python Programming, JAVA Programming, HTML and CSS Programming for Beginners|Academy, iCode|9781520676081\\n2006|Wiley|Developing Java Software (third edition)|Winder, Russel and Roberts, Graham|9780470090251\\n2004|ISTE Publishing Company|Java & Databases (Innovative Technology Series)||9781903996157\\n2020|Apress|Beginning Quarkus Framework: Build Cloud-Native Enterprise Java Applications and Microservices|Koleoso, Tayo|9781484260319\\n2000|John Wiley and Sons|(Wcs)Intro to Programming W/ Java|Nino|9780471399568\\n2005|Heaton Research, Inc.|Introduction to Neural Networks with Java|Heaton, Jeff T|9780977320608\\n2005|Charles River Media|Learning JAVA through Applications (Programming Series)|Jarc, Duane J|9781584503767\\n20080212|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Programming and Problem Solving with Java|Nell Dale|9781449639808\\n1999|Mcgraw-hill Education (ise Editions)|An Introduction To Object Oriented Programming With Java (mcgraw-hill International Editions)|C.thomas Wu|9780071168502\\n2022|SYS-CON Media|Rich Internet Applications with Adobe Flex and Java : Secrets of the Masters|Fain, Yakov; Rasputnis, Victor; Tartakovsky, Anatole|9780977762224\\n2002|Cengage Learning PTR|Java Programming for the Absolute Beginner|Russell, Joseph P.|9780761535225\\n1999|Addison-Wesley Professional|Mr. Bunny's Big Cup o' Java|Egremont, Carlton|9780201615630\\n2020|Apress|Spring Boot Persistence Best Practices: Optimize Java Persistence Performance in Spring Boot Applications|Anghel Leonard|9781484256268\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Serverless Programming Cookbook: Practical solutions to building serverless applications using Java and AWS|Kanikathottu, Heartin|9781788623797\\n2000|Morgan Kaufmann|Object-Oriented Implementation of Numerical Methods: An Introduction with Java & Smalltalk (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Software Engineering and Programming)|Besset, Didier H.|9781558606791\\n1998|Sams|Sams Teach Yourself Java 1.2 in 21 Days|Lemay, Laura and Cadenhead, Rogers|9781575213903\\n2015|Cengage Learning|Java Programming|Farrell, Joyce|9781305480537\\n2002|Muska & Lipman/Premier-Trade|Java Security|Ganguli, Madhushree|9781931841856\\n2009||Java Programming|D. 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Shane|9780619266264\\n2010|O'Reilly Media|HTML and XHTML Pocket Reference (Pocket Reference (O'Reilly))|Robbins, Jennifer Niederst|9780596805869\\n2000|Wiley|Introduction to Interactive Programming on the Internet: Using HTML and JavaScript|Knuckles, Craig D.|9780471383666\\n2005|Cengage Learning|HTML and JavaScript BASICS (BASICS Series)|Barksdale, Karl and Turner, E. Shane|9780619266257\\n2000|Course Technology|New Perspectives on Creating Web Pages with HTML and Dynamic HTML - Comprehensive (New Perspectives (Course Technology Paperback))|Carey, Patrick|9780619019693\\n2000|Course Technology|New Perspectives on Creating Web Pages with HTML Second Edition - Comprehensive|Carey, Patrick and Carey, Joan|9780619019686\\n1999|Que Pub|Special Edition Using HTML 4 (6th Edition)|Holzschlag, Molly E.|9780789722676\\n2005|Sybex|Integrated HTML and CSS: A Smarter, Faster Way to Learn|DeBolt, Virginia|9780782143782\\n2000|Prima Tech|Learn HTML on the Mac in a Weekend|Steven E. Callihan|9780761530091\\n2003|McGraw-Hill|Schaum's Easy Outline HTML|Mercer,David and Mercer, David|9780071422420\\n2001|Mcgraw-hill Professional|Schaum's Outline Of Html|David Mercer|9780071373654\\n1999|Addison-wesley Professional|Dynamic Html: The Html Developer's Guide|Jeff Rule|9780201379617\\n2002|Charles River Media|Html & Xhtml Template Master CD-Rom|Kelly Valqui|9781584502081\\n1998|Ventana Pr|The Html 4 Programmer's Reference: All Platforms|Mullen, Robert|9781566047302\\n1995|Que Pub|Html Visual Quick Reference|Scharf, Dean|9780789704115\\n1997|Sams|HTML 4 Unleashed, Professional Reference Edition (2nd Edition)|Darnell, Rick|9781575213804\\n2003|Muska & Lipman/Premier-Trade|HTML Professional Projects|Gosney, John W.|9781592000555\\n2000|Microsoft Press|HTML in action|Morris, Bruce|9781556159480\\n2003|Wiley|HTML Complete Course|Baker, Donna L.|9780764540929\\n2000|Course Technology|HTML Illustrated Brief, Second Edition|Vodnik, Sasha and Reding, Elizabeth Eisner|9780619018818\\n2003|iUniverse, Inc.|Programming a REAL Internet Site with ASP and HTML: Book I: HTML and Basic ASP|Bosque, Marcelo|9780595271764\\n1996|Sams|Html 3.2 and Cgi Unleashed: Professional Reference Edition|December, John and Ginsburg, Mark|9781575211770\\n2000|Coriolis Group|HTML Black Book: The Programmer's Complete HTML Reference Book|Steven Holzner|9781576106174\\n2001|Apress|HTML 4.01 Programmer's Reference|Chris Ullman and Sean Palmer and Simon Oliver and Stuart Conway and Cassandra Greer and Christian Jarolim and Gary Damschen and Daniel Maharry and Jon Stephens|9781861005335\\n2017|Independently published|Programming: Python Programming, JAVA Programming, HTML and CSS Programming for Beginners|Academy, iCode|9781520676081\\n2019|Adesh Silva|Computer Programming The Doctrine 2.0: Full Breakdown of HTML, Python, C, C++, Coding Raspberry PI, Java, SQL, HTML and Black Hat Hacking.|Silva, Adesh|9781999256753\\n1997|Sams|HTML 4 Unleashed|Pozadzides, John|9781575212999\\n1996|Que Pub|Html by Example|Stauffer, Todd|9780789708120\\n1996|Springer-Verlag New York, LLC|HTML and The Art of Authoring For the World Wide Web|Bebo White|9780792396918\\n2010|Sams Publishing|Sams Teach Yourself Web Publishing with HTML and CSS in One Hour a Day: Includes New HTML5 Coverage|Lemay, Laura and Colburn, Rafe|9780672331367\\n1997|Ziff Davis Pr|Html 3.2 Manual of Style (HTMLMANUAL OF STYLE)|Aronson, Larry and Lowery, Joseph|9781562765293\\n2009|Sams|Sams Teach Yourself HTML and CSS: Video Learning Starter Kit|Sams Publishing|9780672330599\\n2001|Software Pubns Pty Ltd|Introduction to Html|Cheryl Price|9781877225727\\n2000|Prentice Hall Ptr|Html User's Interactive Workbook|Cohn, Alayna and Potter, John|9780130170040\\n2010|Apress|Beginning Smartphone Web Development: Building JavaScript, CSS, HTML and Ajax-based Applications for iPhone, Android, Palm Pre, BlackBerry, Windows Mobile and Nokia S60|Frederick, Gail and Lal, Rajesh|9781430226215\\n2013|McGraw-Hill Education|HTML: A Beginner's Guide, Fifth Edition: CourseLoad ebook for HTML A BEGINNERS GD 5E|Willard, Wendy|9780071809283\\n1997|Microsoft Press|Inside Dynamic HTML (Microsoft Programming Series)|Isaacs, Scott|9781572316867\\n20071018|Springer Nature|Beginning HTML with CSS and XHTML|Craig Cook; David Schultz|9781430203506\\n1995|John Wiley & Sons|Creating Cool Web Pages With Html|Dave Taylor|9781568848228\\n2008|Apress|The Essential Guide to CSS and HTML Web Design (Essentials)|Grannell, Craig|9781430204794\\n2015|Apress|Custom SharePoint Solutions with HTML and JavaScript: For SharePoint On-Premises and SharePoint Online|Atkinson, Brandon|9781484205440\\n2013|Apress|Beginning Windows Store Application Development: HTML and JavaScript Edition (The Expert's Voice in Windows 8)|Isaacs, Scott and Burns, Kyle|9781430257806\\n2017|Independently published|HTML & CSS: Learn The Fundamentals In 7 days|Knapp, Micheal|9781520562599\\n2019|Candlewick|Get Coding 2! 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Shane|9780538742351\\n2012|Cengage Learning|New Perspectives on Blended HTML and CSS Fundamentals: Introductory|Bojack, Henry and Scollard, Sharon|9781285414652\\n2021|ND Publishing|HTML Beginner's Crash Course: HTML for Beginner's Guide to Learning HTML, HTML & CSS, & Web Design (HTML5, HTML5 and CSS3, HTML Programming, HTML CSS, HTML for Beginners, HTML Programming)|Start Guides, Quick|9781777942885\\n1999|Sams|Sams Teach Yourself Html 4 in 24 Hours (Sams Teach Yourself...in 24 Hours)|Oliver, Dick|9780672317248\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Programming: Computer Programming For Beginners: Learn The Basics Of HTML5, JavaScript & CSS (Coding, C Programming, Java Programming, Web Design, JavaScript, Python, HTML and CSS)|Connor, Joseph|9781541006225\\n2001|Que Publishing|HTML Goodies (2nd Edition)|Burns Ph.D., Joe|9780789726117\\n2017|Independently published|HTML & CSS For Beginners: Your Step by Step Guide to Easily HtmL & Css Programming in 7 Days|Academy, iCode|9781520561400\\n2002|McGraw-Hill Education|HTML & Web Design Tips & Techniques|Jamsa, Kris and King, Konrad and Anderson, Andy|9780072228250\\n2017|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Introduction to Web Interaction Design: With HTML and CSS|Macaulay, Michael|9781138911857\\n2007|Springer|An Introduction to HTML and JavaScript: for Scientists and Engineers|Brooks, David R.|9781846286568\\n2008|Apress|HTML and CSS Web Standards Solutions: A Web Standardistas' Approach|Persson, Nicklas and Murphy, Christopher|9781430216063\\n1995-08T|Hungry Minds Inc|Foundations of World Wide Web Programming With Html & Cgi/Book and Cd-Rom|Tittel, Ed and Gaither, Mark and Hassinger, Sebastian and Erwin, Mike|9781568847030\\n2007|Apress|Beginning HTML with CSS and XHTML: Modern Guide and Reference (Beginning: from Novice to Professional)|Cook, Craig and Schultz, David|9781590597477\\n2003|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|HTML & XHTML: The Complete Reference (Osborne Complete Reference Series)|Powell,Thomas|9780072229424\\n2004|The Guilford Press|How to Conduct Behavioral Research over the Internet: A Beginner's Guide to HTML and CGI/Perl (Methodology in the Social Sciences)|Fraley, R. Chris|9781572309975\\n1997|Waite Group Pr|Html 4 How-To: The Definitive Html 4 Problem-Solver|Zakour, John and Foust, Jeff and Kerven, David|9781571691255\\n2001|O'Reilly Media|Perl for Web Site Management: HTML Generation, Link Checking, Simple CGI, and More|Callender, John|9781565926479\\n2020|Cyberpunk Architects|Computer Programming Bible: A Step by Step Guide On How To Master From The Basics to Advanced of Python, C, C++, C#, HTML Coding Raspberry Pi3|Inc, C P a|9781989120347\\n2014|Independently published|jQuery Gems: The easy guide to the JavaScript library for beginners who are ready to start moving beyond basic HTML programming.|Sidelnikov, Greg|9781520274737\\n2006|Sams|Sams Teach Yourself Html in 10 Minutes|Hayes, Deidre|9780672328787\\n2012|Springer|Essential Dynamic HTML fast (Essential Series)|Ayesh, Aladdin|9781447103639\\n2007|Sybex|Mastering Integrated HTML and CSS|DeBolt, Virginia|9780470097540\\n2012|Wrox|Beginning iOS Application Development with HTML and JavaScript|Wagner, Richard|9781118159002\\n1998|Hayden Books|Html Artistry: More Than Code|Ibanez, Ardith and Zee, Natalie|9781568304540\\n1996|Que Pub|Platinum Edition Using HTML 3.2, Java 1.1, and CGI|Jim O'Donnell and Jerry Ablan and Tobin Anthony and Eric Ladd and Dr. Donald Doherty and Jeffry Dwight|9780789709325\\n1997|Apress|Instant HTML Programmer's Reference Html|Homer, Alex and Ullman, Chris and Homer, Alex|9781861001566\\n2017-09-11T00:00:01Z|Springer|Programming in HTML and PHP: Coding for Scientists and Engineers (Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science)|Brooks, David R.|9783319569727\\n2001|McGraw-Hill/OsborneMedia|HTML Programmer's Reference, 2nd Edition|Whitworth, Dan|9780072132328\\n2001-10-01T00:00:01Z|Course Technology Ptr|Programming Basics Using Microsoft Visual Basic, C++, Html and Java|Knowlton, Todd|9780619058012\\n1999|Course Technology|HTML & JavaScript Programming Concepts (Computer Applications Series)|Barksdale, Karl and Turner, E. Shane|9780538688222\\n2003|Course Technology|New Perspectives on Creating Web Pages with HTML and Dynamic HTML, 2nd Edition|Carey, Patrick|9780619187194\\n1998|Que Pub|Using HTML 4 - Java 1.1 - Javascript 1.2 - Platinum Edition|Ladd, Eric and O'Donnell, Jim|9780789714770\\n1997|Peachpit Pr|HTML for the World Wide Web, Second Edition (Visual QuickStart Guide)|Castro, Elizabeth|9780201688627\\n2003|McGraw-Hill|Teach Yourself HTML Publishing on the World Wide Web|Bride, Mac|9780071419567\\n1998|Que Pub|Special Edition Using Html 4|Holzschlag, Molly E.|9780789718518\\n1996|Sams|Teach Yourself Web Publishing With Html 3.2 in 14 Days: Premier Edition (Teach Yourself (Teach Yourself))|Lemay, Laura|9781575210964\\n2003|John Wiley &Sons|HTML in 10 Simple Steps or Less|Fuller, Robert G.|9780764541230\\n1998|New Riders Pub|Creative Html Design|Weinman, Lynda and Weinman, William|9781562057046\\n1996|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|Beyond Html|Karpinski, Richard|9780078821981\\n1997|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|Dynamic Html in Action|Petrovsky, Michele|9780078824371\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|HTML Programming Professional Made Easy: Expert HTML Programming Language Success in a Day for any Computer Users|Key, Sam|9781508438649\\n2020-02-28T00:00:01Z|Elluminet Press|HTML & CSS for Beginners: Learn the Fundamentals of Computer Programming (1) (Essential Coding)|Foster, Jo|9781913151140\\n1999|Microsoft Press|Dynamic HTML Reference and Software Development Kit|Microsoft Corporation|9780735606388\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Html & CSS Programming: The Ultimate guide on How you can write Html and CSS in Under 10 Hours|Dawson, Ted|9781519536709\\n1997|Que Pub|10 Minute Guide to Html Style Sheets (SAMS TEACH YOURSELF IN 10 MINUTES)|Zacker, Craig|9780789710345\\n1998|Academic Press|Discovering HTML 4|Pfaffenberger, Bryan|9780125531672\\n2018|Independently published|HTML Programming For Beginners: Answers all your Questions Step-by-Step (Programming for Beginners: A Friendly Q & A Guide)|Doyle, Ryshith|9781792923265\\n2004|Althos|Introduction to Extensible HTML (xHTML)|Routt, Bill|9781932813005\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PHP - HTML for a customizable edit form (IT Easy Solutions - Programming & Office Automation) (Volume 1)|Taricco, Mr Gian Piero|9781514646670\\n1997|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Html & Web Publishing Secrets|Heid, Jim and Block, Adam|9780764540035\\n1998|Prentice Hall Ptr|Javascript and Html 4.0 User's Resource|Murray, William H. and Pappas, Chris H.|9780139774225\\n2019|Adesh Silva|Computer Programming The Doctrine: An introduction to the language of computer programming. 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Berman|9780763743338\\n2001|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|Instant Perl Modules|Sparling, Douglas and Wiles, Frank|9780072129625\\n2001|Apress|Professional Perl Development|Arva, Adrian and Ellis, Joshua and Corliss, Arthur and Kobes, Randy and Wainwright, Peter and Wilcox, Mark and de Mauro, Pancrazio and Mauro, Pancrazio de and Oliver, Simon and Brown, Gavin|9781861004383\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|The Perl CD Bookshelf, Version 3.0: 7 Bestselling Books on CD-ROM Includes a Bonus Book!  Perl in a Nutshell, 2nd Edition|O'Reilly & Associates|9780596003890\\n2001|O'Reilly Media|Perl CD Bookshelf 2.0 (Book & CD-ROM)|Various Authors|9780596001643\\n2002|Addison-Wesley|The Web Wizard's Guide to Perl and CGI|David A. Lash|9780201764369\\n2020|Apress|Advanced Perl Programming: From Advanced to Expert|\"Rothwell, William \"\"Bo\"\"\"|9781484258620\\n1998|O'Reilly Media|Perl 5 Pocket Reference|Vromans, Johan|9781565924956\\n2003|Wiley-Liss|Perl Programming for Biologists|Jamison, D. Curtis|9780471430599\\n2002|Manning Publications|Graphics Programming with Perl|Verbruggen, Martien|9781930110021\\n2003|O'Reilly Media|Perl 6 Essentials|Allison Randal and Dan Sugalski and Leopold Totsch|9780596004996\\n2001|Prentice Hall|Weaving a Website: Programming in HTML, Java Script, Perl and Java|Anderson-Freed, Susan|9780130282200\\n1996|O'Reilly Media|Perl 5 Desktop Reference (A Nutshell Handbook)|Vromans, Johan|9781565921870\\n2001|Sams Publishing|Win32 Perl Programming: The Standard Extensions|Roth, Dave|9781578702169\\n2019|Apress|Beginning Perl Programming: From Novice to Professional|\"Rothwell, William \"\"Bo\"\"\"|9781484250549\\n2006|No Starch Press|Wicked Cool Perl Scripts: Useful Perl Scripts That Solve Difficult Problems|Oualline, Steve|9781593270629\\n2001|Addison-wesley|Perl Debugged|Scott, Peter|9780201700541\\n1999|Coriolis Group Books|Perl Black Book: The Most Comprehensive Perl Reference Available Today|Holzner, Steven|9781576104651\\n2001|Addison-Wesley Professional|Writing CGI Applications with Perl|Meltzer, Kevin and Michalski, Brent|9780201710144\\n2001|Coriolis Group|Perl Black Book, 2nd Edition|Holzner, Steven|9781588801937\\n2000|Sams Publishing|Win32 Perl Scripting: The Administrator's Handbook|Roth, Dave|9781578702152\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Advanced programming in Perl for beginners|Oria San Martin, Dorian|9781533018731\\n1996|Sams|Teach Yourself Cgi Programming With Perl in a Week (Sams Teach Yourself)|Herrmann, Eric|9781575210094\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Perl In Your Hands: For Beginners in Perl Programming|S, Gokul Amuthan|9781530959631\\n1997|Hungry Minds Inc|Perl 5 for Dummies|Hoffman, Paul|9780764500442\\n20010718|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Perl|Tom Phoenix; Randal L. 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M. and Husain, Kamran|9780137277513\\n20030821|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Perl Cookbook|Tom Christiansen; Nathan Torkington|9780596554965\\n20011022|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Beginning Perl for Bioinformatics|James Tisdall|9780596550479\\n2002|Wiley|Programming the Network with Perl|Barry, Paul|9780471486701\\n2020|Apress|Pro Perl Programming: From Professional to Advanced|\"Rothwell, William \"\"Bo\"\"\"|9781484256053\\n1997|Sams|Sams Teach Yourself Perl 5 For Windows Nt In 21 Days|Till and David and Zhang and Tony|9780672310478\\n2009|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Combinatorial Pattern Matching Algorithms in Computational Biology Using Perl and R (Chapman & Hall/CRC Computational Biology Series)|Valiente, Gabriel|9781420069747\\n2006|Springer|An Introduction to Language Processing with Perl and Prolog: An Outline of Theories, Implementation, and Application with Special Consideration of English, French, and German (Cognitive Technologies)|Nugues, Pierre M.|9783540343363\\n2003|O'Reilly Media|Perl Cookbook, Second Edition|Christiansen, Tom and Torkington, Nathan|9780596003135\\n2000|O'Reilly Media|Programming Perl (3rd Edition)|Wall, Larry and Christiansen, Tom and Orwant, Jon|9780596000271\\n2003|Wiley-Blackwell|Programming for Linguists: Perl for Language Researchers|Hammond, Michael|9780631234340\\n2012|O'Reilly Media|Intermediate Perl: Beyond The Basics of Learning Perl|Schwartz, Randal L. and foy, brian d and Phoenix, Tom|9781449393090\\n2019|Apress|Beginning Perl Programming: From Novice to Professional|\"Rothwell, William \"\"Bo\"\"\"|9781484250556\\n2005|O'Reilly Media|Perl Best Practices: Standards and Styles for Developing Maintainable Code|Conway, Damian|9780596001735\\n2005|O'Reilly Media|Advanced Perl Programming: The Worlds Most Highly Developed Perl Tutorial|Cozens, Simon|9780596004569\\n2001|O'Reilly Media|Beginning Perl for Bioinformatics|James Tisdall|9780596000806\\n2000|O'Reilly Media|Programming the Perl DBI: Database programming with Perl|Tim Bunce and Alligator Descartes|9781565926998\\n2004|CGI101.com|CGI Programming 101: Programming Perl for the World Wide Web, Second Edition|Jacqueline Hamilton|9780966942613\\n2010|Addison-Wesley Professional|Effective Perl Programming: Ways to Write Better, More Idiomatic Perl (Effective Software Development)|Hall, Joseph N. and McAdams, Joshua A. and Foy, Brian D.|9780321718273\\n2010|Addison-Wesley Professional|Effective Perl Programming: Ways to Write Better, More Idiomatic Perl (Effective Software Development Series)|Hall, Joseph and McAdams, Joshua and Foy, Brian|9780321496942\\n1999|Manning Publications|Elements of Programming with Perl|Johnson, Andrew L|9781884777806\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|Perl in A Nutshell: A Desktop Quick Reference (2nd Edition)|Ellen Siever and Stephen Spainhour and Nathan Patwardhan|9780596002411\\n2003|O'Reilly Media|Mastering Perl for Bioinformatics|James D. Tisdall|9780596003074\\n2001|Manning Publications|Data Munging with Perl|Cross, David|9781930110007\\n2017|Apress|Parsing with Perl 6 Regexes and Grammars: A Recursive Descent into Parsing|Lenz, Moritz|9781484232286\\n1996|Addison-Wesley Professional|CGI Programming in C and Perl|Boutell, Thomas|9780201422191\\n2006|O'Reilly Media|Perl Hacks: Tips & Tools for Programming, Debugging, and Surviving|\"chromatic and Damian Conway and Curtis \"\"Ovid\"\" Poe\"|9780596526740\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|Perl Graphics Programming: Creating SVG, SWF (Flash), JPEG and PNG files with Perl|Wallace, Shawn|9780596002190\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|Perl and XML: XML Processing with Perl|Ray, Erik T. and McIntosh, Jason|9780596002053\\n2008|Wiley|Scripting with Objects: A Comparative Presentation of Object-Oriented Scripting with Perl and Python|Kak, Avinash C.|9780470397251\\n2001|Prentice Hall|Perl How to Program|Deitel, Harvey M. and Deitel, Paul J. and Nieto, Tem R. and McPhie, D. C.|9780130284181\\n2017|Apress|Perl 6 Fundamentals: A Primer with Examples, Projects, and Case Studies|Lenz, Moritz|9781484228999\\n2005|O'Reilly Media|Perl Testing: A Developer's Notebook: A Developer's Notebook|Ian Langworth and chromatic|9780596100926\\n2006|Cengage Learning PTR|Perl Programming for the Absolute Beginner|Ford, Jr.  Jerry Lee|9781598632224\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|Programming Web Services with Perl|Randy J. Ray and Pavel Kulchenko|9780596002060\\n2019|Independently published|PERL: PERL Programming for Beginners. Learn Programming PERL, 2019 Edition. 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Schwartz and Tom Phoenix|9780596004781\\n2005|Apress|Pro Perl Debugging|Lester, Andy and Foley, Richard|9781590594544\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|Computer Science & Perl Programming: Best of TPJ|Jon Orwant|9780596003104\\n1996|O'Reilly Media|Programming Perl|Christiansen, Tom and Schwartz, Randal L. and Wall, Larry|9781565921498\\n2007|O'Reilly Media|Mastering Perl|brian d foy|9780596527242\\n2005|Apress|Pro Perl Parsing|Frenz, Christopher M.|9781590595046\\n2002|John Wiley &Sons|Perl Database Programming|Michalski, Brent|9780764549564\\n1997|O'Reilly Media|Learning Perl on Win32 Systems: Perl Programming in Win32 (Perl Series)|Schwartz, Randal L. and Olson, Erik and Christiansen, Tom|9781565923249\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Perl 6 Deep Dive: Data manipulation, concurrency, functional programming, and more|Shitov, Andrew|9781787123458\\n2003|In Easy Steps Limited|PERL in easy steps|McGrath, Mike|9781840782608\\n2007|Elsevier Inc.|Perl Scripting for Windows Security: Live Response, Forensic Analysis, and Monitoring|Harlan Carvey and Jeremy Faircloth|9781597491730\\n2004|O'Reilly Media|Games Diversions & Perl Culture: Best of the Perl Journal|Jon Orwant|9780596003128\\n2019|Apress|Perl 6 Quick Syntax Reference: A Pocket Guide to the Language, the Core Modules, and the Community|Merelo, J.J.|9781484249567\\n2012|Cambridge University Press|UNIX and Perl to the Rescue!: A Field Guide for the Life Sciences (and Other Data-rich Pursuits)|Bradnam, Keith and Korf, Ian|9780521169820\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|Perl Pocket Reference, 4th Edition|Vromans, Johan|9780596003746\\n2006|Apress|Pro Perl Debugging: From Professional to Expert (Pro: From Professional to Expert)|Lester, Andy and Foley, Richard|9781430200444\\n1991|O'Reilly Media|Programming Perl (Nutshell Handbooks)|Schwartz, Randal L. and Wall, Larry|9780937175644\\n1993|O'Reilly Media|Learning Perl (Nutshell Handbooks)|Schwartz, Randal L.|9781565920422\\n2020-02-29T00:00:01Z|Apress|Pro Perl Programming: From Professional to Advanced|\"Rothwell, William \"\"Bo\"\"\"|9781484256046\\n1999|O'Reilly Media|Writing Apache Modules with Perl and C: The Apache API and mod_perl|MacEachern, Doug and Stein, Lincoln|9781565925670\\n2011|Syngress|Perl Scripting for Windows Security: Live Response, Forensic Analysis, and Monitoring|Carvey, Harlan|9780080555638\\n2001|Apress|Professional Perl Programming|Simon Cozens|9781861004499\\n1996|Sams|Teach Yourself Cgi Programming With Perl 5 in a Week (Teach Yourself Series)|Herrmann, Eric|9781575211961\\n2004|Paraglyph Press|Perl Core Language Little Black Book, Second Edition|Steven Holzner|9781932111927\\n2004|O'Reilly Media|Perl 6 and Parrot Essentials, Second Edition|Allison Randal and Dan Sugalski and Leopold Toetsch|9780596007379\\n1996|Sams|Teach Yourself Perl 5 in 21 Days (Sams Teach Yourself)|Till, David|9780672308949\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Penetration Testing with Perl|Berdeaux, Douglas|9781783283453\\n2002|Manning Publications|Web Development with Apache and Perl|Peterson, Theo and Petersen, Theo|9781930110069\\n2000|O'Reilly Media|Perl 5 Pocket Reference, 3rd Edition: Programming Tools (O'Reilly Perl)|Vromans, Johan and Mui, Linda|9780596000325\\n2001|O'Reilly Media|Perl for Web Site Management: HTML Generation, Link Checking, Simple CGI, and More|Callender, John|9781565926479\\n2007|Oxford University Press|Perl for Exploring DNA|LeBlanc, Mark D. and Dyer, Betsey Dexter|9780195305890\\n2001|Que Publishing|Perl for the Web|Radcliff, Chris|9780735711143\\n1997|O'Reilly Media|Perl Resource Kit -- UNIX Edition|Siever, Ellen and Wall, Larry and Jepson, Brian and Futato, David and Patwardhan, Nathan|9781565923706\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Perl 6 Deep Dive: Data manipulation, concurrency, functional programming, and more|Shitov, Andrew|9781787282049\\n1996|Que Pub|Special Edition Using Perl 5 for Web Programming|Harlan, David and Doyle, Paul and Healy, Matthew D. and Foghlu, Micheal O and Powers, Shelley|9780789706591\\n1997|Sams|Web Programming with Perl 5|Middleton, Bill and Deng, Brian and Kemp, Chris|9781575211121\\n1999|Prentice Hall|A Little Book on Perl|Sebesta, Robert W.|9780139279553\\n2004|Apress|Perl 6 Now: The Core Ideas Illustrated with Perl 5 (Expert's Voice in Open Source)|Walters, Scott|9781590593950\\n2000|For Dummies|Perl For Dummies?|Hoffman, Paul|9780764507762\\n2015|Lulu Publishing Services|Programming Perl for Geoscientists|Oria San Martin, Dorian|9781483418438\\n1997|White Mane Pub. Co|Web Client Programming with Perl|Wong, Clinton|9780942597264\\n1999|New Riders Pub|Win32 Perl Programming: The Standard Extensions (The Mtp Windows Nt Professional Reference Series)|Roth, Dave|9781578700677\\n1999-07-01T00:00:01Z|Prentice Hall Ptr|Perl Programmer's Interactive Workbook (Interactive Workbook (Prentice Hall))|Lowe, Vincent|9780130208682\\n2004|Universal Publishers|On Perl: Perl for Students and Professionals|Kalita, Jugal K.|9781581125504\\n1996|Waite Group Pr|Perl 5 How-To|Glover, Mike and Humphreys, Aidan and Weiss, Ed|9781571690586\\n1999-02-11T00:00:01Z|O'Reilly Media|Programming Web Graphics with Perl and GNU Softwar|Shawn P. Wallace|9781565924789\\n2009-03-20T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Learning PERL the Hard Way: Perl Programming for Beginners|Downey, Allen B.|9781441419033\\n1999|O'Reilly Media|Perl in a Nutshell|Ellen Siever and Nathan Patwardhan and Spainhour, Stephen|9781565922860\\n2002|Pearson P T R|Modern Perl Programming|Saltzman, Michael|9780130089656\\n1998|Hungry Minds Inc|Perl for Dummies|Hoffman, Paul|9780764504600\\n2015|Lulu.com|Perl Programming Success In Day|Key, Sam|9781329502239\\n1997|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Discover Perl 5 (Discover (Idg Books Worldwide, Inc.).)|Barkakati, Nabajyoti|9780764530760\\n1996|Ziff Davis Pr|Programming Perl 5.0 Cgi Web Pages for Microsoft Windows Nt (PC Magazine (New York, N.Y.).)|Hagey, Jonathan|9781562764203\\n2010|Springer|An Introduction to Language Processing with Perl and Prolog: An Outline of Theories, Implementation, and Application with Special Consideration of English, French, and German (Cognitive Technologies)|Nugues, Pierre M.|9783642064050\\n2019|Independently Published|Perl|Nexcod Publishing|9781076869388\\n2022||Programming Perl|Christiansen|9789350236505\\n2019-11-21T00:00:01Z|Independently published|PERL PROGRAMMING|Toliver, Felicia|9781710286021\\n2003|Tata Mcgraw-hill Education|Perl Programming For Bioinformatics|Harshawardhan P. 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Schwartz; brian d foy; Tom Phoenix|9781449343804\\n2000|San Val|Programming Perl|Larry Wall and Tom Christiansen and Jon Orwant|9781417625642\\n20061101|Springer Nature|Pro Perl|Peter Wainwright|9781430200147\\n2007|O'reilly Media, Inc.|Mastering Perl|brian d foy|9780596551476\\n2001|Wiley|Applied Perl|Peter Williams|9780764547836\\n20140109|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Mastering Perl|brian d foy|9781449364977\\n20140109|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Mastering Perl|brian d foy|9781449364960\\n20010718|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Perl|Tom Phoenix|9780596517953\\n||Programming Perl|Larry Wall; Steve Talbot; Randal L. Schwartz; Tom Christiansen|9781565928282\\n20080908|BarCharts Inc.|Perl Guide|Scott Marino|9781423208150\\n20210629|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Perl|Randal L. Schwartz; brian d foy; Tom Phoenix|9781492094906\\n2012-09-27|Wiley|Beginning Perl|Curtis Poe|9781118235638\\n20120217|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming Perl|Tom Christiansen|9781449321475\\n20120217|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming Perl|Tom Christiansen; brian d foy; Larry Wall; Jon Orwant|9781449321468\\n20140430|Pearson Technology Group|Perl Debugged|Peter Scott|9780133891454\\n20161006|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Perl|Randal L. Schwartz; brian d foy; Tom Phoenix|9781491954270\\n20080627|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Perl|Randal L. Schwartz; Tom Phoenix; brian d foy|9780596154318\\n9/4/12|Wiley Professional Development (P&T)|Beginning Perl|Curtis Poe|9781118221877\\n20080627|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Perl|Randal L. 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Ray|9780596516406\\n20020719|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Perl Pocket Reference|Johan Vromans|9781449378844\\n20021219|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Perl Graphics Programming|Shawn Wallace|9781449358310\\n|Longman Higher Education|Wall:programming Perl 2e||9781565920330\\n20021219|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Perl Graphics Programming|Shawn Wallace|9781449358303\\n2011-05-09|Wiley|Perl For Dummies|Paul Hoffman|9781118085189\\n20050712|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Perl Best Practices|Damian Conway|9780596516369\\n20170508|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Think Perl 6|Laurent Rosenfeld; Allen B. Downey|9781491980507\\n|McGraw-Hill|Perl 5 complete|Peschko, Ed and DeWolfe, Michele|9780072129144\\n20050628|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Advanced Perl Programming|Simon Cozens|9781449378912\\n20020425|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Perl and XML|Erik T. Ray; Jason McIntosh|9781449366827\\n20050628|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Advanced Perl Programming|Simon Cozens|9780596517113\\n20061107|Springer Nature|Pro Perl Parsing|Christopher M. Frenz|9781430200499\\n20180824|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Perl 6|brian d foy|9781491977644\\n20050712|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Perl Best Practices|Damian Conway|9780596555023\\n1999|Longhorn Pr|Perl Power!: A Jumpstart Guide To Programming With Perl 5|Michael Schilli|9780201360684\\n2000||Programming The Perl Dbi|Alligator Descartes / Tim Bunce|9780641508608\\n1998||Cgi Programming With Perl|Ziff-Davis Education|9780737253542\\n2000|D D C Pub|Perl Programming (5 Days)|Jeff Howell|9781562439767\\n2006|Equity Press|Perl Programming Interview Questions, Answers, And Explanations: Perl Programming Certification Review|Itcookbook|9781933804484\\n1999/08/24|Upper Saddle River, N.J. Prentice Hall PTR, c2000.|Perl 5 programmer's notebook|Jesse Feiler|9780130213211\\n20021104|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Computer Science & Perl Programming|Jon Orwant|9781449371357\\n2007|Oxford University Press|Perl for exploring DNA|Leblanc, Mark D. , 1962-|9780195327571\\n19990818|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Mastering Algorithms with Perl|Jarkko Hietaniemi|9781449307271\\n20061122|Springer Nature|Beginning Perl Web Development|Steve Suehring|9781430200895\\n20000204|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming the Perl DBI|Tim Bunce; Alligator Descartes|9781449315368\\n19990818|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Mastering Algorithms with Perl|Jarkko Hietaniemi; John Macdonald; Jon Orwant|9781449307196\\n20000629|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|CGI Programming with Perl|Scott Guelich|9781491904664\\n20030925|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Mastering Perl for Bioinformatics|James Tisdall|9781449390907\\n20011022|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Beginning Perl for Bioinformatics|James Tisdall|9780596516277\\n2014-12-30|Packt Publishing|Penetration Testing with Perl|Douglas Berdeaux|9781783283460\\n|Hoboken, N.J. : Wiley-Liss, c2003.|Perl programming for biologists||9780471722748\\n2005-09-27|Wiley|Bioinformatics Biocomputing and Perl|Michael Moorhouse and Paul Barry|9780470026458\\n|Cambridge, Ma : O'reilly, 2000.|Programming The Perl Dbi||9781565929753\\n20030522|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Games, Diversions & Perl Culture|Jon Orwant|9781449397784\\n20080514|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Perl Student Workbook|foy, brian d|9781449335205\\n2007||Programming The Perl Dbi|Tim Bunce and Jeff Zucker|9780596005863\\n20000629|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|CGI Programming with Perl|Scott Guelich; Shishir Gundavaram; Gunther Birznieks|9781449326791\\n20030522|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Games, Diversions & Perl Culture|Jon Orwant|9781449397913\\n20020603|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Perl in a Nutshell|Nathan Patwardhan; Ellen Siever; Stephen Spainhour|9780596516550\\n20000204|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming the Perl DBI|Tim Bunce|9781449315917\\n20021104|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Computer Science & Perl Programming|Jon Orwant|9781449371340\\n20020603|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Perl in a Nutshell|Nathan Patwardhan; Ellen Siever; Stephen Spainhour|9781449378820\\n20030925|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Mastering Perl for Bioinformatics|James Tisdall|9781449391553\\n1997|O'reilly|Web Client Programming With Perl|Wong, Clinton.|9781565922143\\n|Cambridge ; O'reilly, C1997.|Web Client Programming With Perl||9780585032238\\n20021219|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming Web Services with Perl|Randy J. Ray; Pavel Kulchenko|9780596516413\\n2011-09-20|Wiley|Practical Text Mining with Perl|Roger Bilisoly|9781118210505\\n20050714|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Perl Testing: A Developer's Notebook|Ian Langworth; Chromatic|9781449313081\\n20050714|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Perl Testing: A Developer's Notebook|Ian Langworth|9781449313678\\n20020809|Springer Nature|Writing Perl Modules for CPAN|Sam Tregar|9781430211525\\n|O'reilly Media|Programming Cocoa Applications With Perl|Sugalski, Dan|9780596003586\\n2003-01-10|Wiley|Programming the Network with Perl|Paul Barry|9780470849415\\n20030609|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Perl Objects, References, and Modules|Randal L. Schwartz; Tom Phoenix|9781449365691\\n1996|Simon & Schuster|Perl And Cgi Programming Starter Kit|Simon & Schuster|9781575210780\\n2001||Perl Programming For The Absolute Beginner|Andy Harris|9780761536635\\n1902|Addison-wesley Professional|Programming Perl In The .net Environment|Yevgeny Menaker and Michael Saltzman and Robert J. 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Davis and Jon A. Phillips|9780596101107\\n2008|Packt Publishing|Learning Drupal 6 Module Development: A practical tutorial for creating your first Drupal 6 modules with PHP|Butcher, Matt|9781847194442\\n2019|Independently published|PHP: Advanced Detailed Approach to Master PHP Programming Language for Web Development|Martin, MG|9781075932557\\n2006|McGraw-Hill Education|Oracle Database 10g Express Edition PHP Web Programming (Oracle Press)|McLaughlin, Michael|9780072263251\\n2012|Springer|PHP and MySQL Manual: Simple, yet Powerful Web Programming (Springer Professional Computing)|Stobart, Simon and Vassileiou, Mike|9781447110552\\n2001|Addison-Wesley|Create Dynamic Web Pages Using PHP and MySQL|Tansley, David|9780201734027\\n2004|Course Technology PTR|PHP Game Programming|Rutledge, Matt|9781592001538\\n31-10-2019|Packt Publishing|The PHP Workshop|Alexandru Busuioc; David Carr; Markus Gray; Vijay Joshi; Mark McCollum; Bart McLeod; M A Hossain Ton|9781838647285\\n2014|Apress|PHP for Absolute Beginners|Lengstorf, Jason and Blom Hansen, Thomas|9781430268147\\n2003|Apress|Advanced PHP for Flash|Webster, Steve and Rice, Matt and Palmer, James and Sutherland, Kev and Marks, Todd and Hanson, Jacob and Eide, Harvard and Eide, Håvard|9781590591871\\n2018|Independently Published|Php: A Comprehensive Intermediate Guide To Learn The Concept Of Php Programming|Martin and Mg|9781730781094\\n2004|Apress|Essential PHP Tools: Modules, Extensions, and Accelerators|Sklar, David|9781590592809\\n2003|Wrox Press|PHP MySQL Website Programming: Problem - Design - Solution|Chris Lea and Mike Buzzard and Cinis, Jessey and Thomas, Dilip|9781861008275\\n2016|php[architect]|Functional Programming in PHP (2nd ed): a php[architect] guide|Holywell, Simon and Bruce, Kevin Hamilton|9781940111469\\n2006|A-List Publishing|Hackish PHP Pranks & Tricks|Flenov, Michael|9781931769525\\n2010|Packt Publishing|Magento 1.3: PHP Developer's Guide|Huskisson,Jamie|9781847197429\\n2001|Pearson Educacion|PHP 4 - Serie Practica (Spanish Edition)|Fabrega Martinez, Pedro Pablo|9788420531120\\n2006|Packt Publishing|Smarty PHP Template Programming And Applications|Hasin Hayder and J. P. Maia and Lucian Gheorghe|9781904811404\\n2002|A-List Pub|Creating Your Web Site with PHP|Koterov, Dmitriy|9781931769044\\n|Visibooks, LLC|The Visibooks Guide to PHP Basics|Paul Gruhn|9781597060332\\n2016|Addison-Wesley Professional|PHP and MySQL Web Development (Developer's Library)|Luke, Welling and Thomson Laura|9780133038637\\n2007|Packt Publishing|PHP Web 2.0 Mashup Projects: Practical PHP Mashups with Google Maps, Flickr, Amazon, YouTube, MSN Search, Yahoo!|Chow, Shu-Wai|9781847190888\\n2014|Apress|PHP Solutions: Dynamic Web Design Made Easy|Powers, David|9781484206355\\n2016|Apress|PHP and MySQL Recipes: A Problem-Solution Approach|Kromann, Frank M.|9781484206058\\n2010|Shroff Publishers and Distributors Pvt. Ltd.|LAMP Programming, for Professionals - Covers MySQL 5.4 & PHP 6 (Book/CD-ROM/CentOS 5.4 DVD) by Sharanam Shah, Vaishali Shah (2010) Hardcover|Sharanam Shah and Vaishali Shah|9788184048438\\n2007|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Filemaker Web Publishing: A Complete Guide To Using The API For PHP|Allyson Olm and Stephen Knight and Michael Petrov|9781598220414\\n2017|Independently published|Object-Oriented PHP Best Practices: A Small Handbook of Conventions for Writing Readable, Sustainable OOPHP Code|Hawramani, Ikram|9781520921464\\n20110110|Springer Nature|Pro PHP Refactoring|Francesco Trucchia; Jacopo Romei|9781430227281\\n20160106|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|PHP Web Services|Lorna Jane Mitchell|9781491933046\\n2008|Apress|PHP Object-Oriented Solutions|Powers, David|9781430210122\\n2019|Independently Published|Php : A Beginner's Guide|Bruce Herbert|9781099807183\\n20091001|Springer Nature|Zend Enterprise PHP Patterns|John Coggeshall; Morgan Tocker|9781430219750\\n20100806|Springer Nature|Pro PHP and jQuery|Jason Lengstorf|9781430228486\\n20080311|Springer Nature|Practical Web 2.0 Applications with PHP|Quentin Zervaas|9781430204756\\n20070205|Springer Nature|Pro PHP XML and Web Services|Robert Richards|9781430201397\\n2012|Apress|Pro PHP MVC (Expert's Voice in Open Source)|Pitt, Chris|9781430241652\\n2019|Independently published|PHP: A Step By Step Guide from Beginner to Expert (Learn PHP in 2 Hours and Start Programming Today)|Clyde, Alexander|9781078335126\\n2015|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Php Programming: Learn Php Programming: - Crush It In One Day. Learn It Fast. Learn It Once. Get Coding Today.|Giggle Publishing|9781517659738\\n20140804|Pearson Education (US)|Introduction to JavaScript Programming with XML and PHP|Elizabeth Drake|9780133560107\\n2009|Apress|PHP for Absolute Beginners (Expert's Voice in Open Source)|Lengstorf, Jason|9781430224747\\n2019||Php Mysql: Interview Exam, Certification Exam, 100 Questions And Answers|Ray Yao|9781798562062\\n2015|Apress|Make an E-commerce Site in a Weekend: Using PHP|Harwani, Bintu|9781484216729\\n2014|Apress|Practical PHP and MySQL Website Databases: A Simplified Approach (Expert's Voice in Web Development)|West, Adrian W.|9781430260776\\n2004-02-20T00:00:01Z|Sams|Advanced PHP Programming|Schlossnagle, George|9780672325618\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|PHP Pocket Reference, 2nd Edition|Rasmus Lerdorf|9780596004026\\n2021|Apress|Pro PHP 8 MVC: Model View Controller Architecture-Driven Application Development|Pitt, Christopher|9781484269572\\n2017|Peachpit Press|PHP and MySQL for Dynamic Web Sites: Visual QuickPro Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780134301914\\n2010|Cengage Learning|PHP Programming with MySQL: The Web Technologies Series|Gosselin, Don and Kokoska, Diana and Easterbrooks, Robert|9781111790523\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|The Joy of PHP: A Beginner's Guide to Programming Interactive Web Applications with PHP and mySQL|Forbes, Alan|9781522792147\\n2017|Peachpit Press|PHP and MySQL for Dynamic Web Sites: Visual QuickPro Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780134301846\\n2010|Course Technology / Cengage Learning|PHP Programming with MySQL: The Web Technologies Series|Gosselin, Don and Kokoska, Diana and Easterbrooks, Robert|9780538745840\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Building a Web Application with PHP and MariaDB: A Reference Guide|Sriparasa, Sai Srinivas|9781783981632\\n2018|Apress|Beginning PHP and MySQL: From Novice to Professional|Kromann, Frank M.|9781430260448\\n2011|O'Reilly Media|Head First PHP & MySQL|Morrison, Michael and Beighley, Lynn|9780596800802\\n2016|Apress|PHP Objects, Patterns, and Practice|ZANDSTRA, MATT|9781484219966\\n2016|Peachpit Press|PHP for the Web: Visual QuickStart Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780134301884\\n2021|Apress|PHP 8 Solutions: Dynamic Web Design and Development Made Easy|Powers, David|9781484271414\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|PHP Cookbook: Solutions & Examples for PHP Programmers|Sklar, David and Trachtenberg, Adam|9781449363758\\n2008|Addison-Wesley Professional|PHP and MySQL Web Development (4th Edition)|Welling, Luke and Thomson, Laura|9780672329166\\n2011|Peachpit Press|PHP and MySQL for Dynamic Web Sites, Fourth Edition: Visual QuickPro Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780132767583\\n2021|php[architect]|PHP Web Development with MySQL: A Hands On Approach to Application Programming|Marks, Kenneth E.|9781940111957\\n2014|Peachpit Press|PHP and MySQL for Dynamic Web Sites: Visual QuickPro Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780321784070\\n2018-05-21T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PHP Programming for Beginners: Programming Concepts. How to use PHP with MySQL and Oracle databases (MySqli, PDO)|Skudaev, Sergey|9781548980078\\n2020-12-02T00:00:01Z|Paul Gibbs|PHP Tutorials: Programming with PHP and MySQL: Learn PHP 7 / 8 with MySQL databases for web Programming|Gibbs, Paul|9780992869755\\n2012T|PP|PHP ADVANCED AND OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING: VISUAL QUICKPRO GUIDE|Ullman, Larry|9789332502093\\n2019|Apress|PHP 7 Solutions: Dynamic Web Design Made Easy|Powers, David|9781484243381\\n2019|Independently published|PHP: The Complete Guide for Beginners,Intermediate and Advanced Detailed Approach To Master PHP Programming|Martin, MG|9781080691098\\n2020|Apress|Learn PHP 8: Using MySQL, JavaScript, CSS3, and HTML5|Prettyman, Steve|9781484262405\\n2009|Wrox|Beginning PHP 5.3|Doyle, Matt|9780470413968\\n2017|Packt Publishing|PHP 7 Data Structures and Algorithms: Implement linked lists, stacks, and queues using PHP|Rahman, Mizanur|9781786463579\\n2011|Peachpit Press|PHP for the Web: Visual QuickStart Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780321733450\\n2017|Apress|PHP 7 Zend Certification Study Guide: Ace the ZCE 2017-PHP Exam|Beak, Andrew|9781484232460\\n2016|Packt Publishing|PHP 7 Programming Cookbook|Bierer, Doug|9781785882548\\n2013|Pearson|Introduction to JavaScript Programming with XML and PHP|Drake, Elizabeth|9780133068306\\n2016|In Easy Steps Limited|PHP 7 in easy steps|McGrath, Mike|9781840787467\\n2012|Peachpit Press|PHP Advanced and Object-Oriented Programming: Visual QuickPro Guide (Visual QuickPro Guides)|Ullman, Larry|9780133057782\\n2016|Packt Publishing|PHP 7 Programming Cookbook|Bierer, Doug|9781785883446\\n2013|Pearson|Introduction to JavaScript Programming with XML and PHP (2-downloads)|Drake, Elizabeth|9780133251821\\n2007|Manning Publications|PHP in Action: Objects, Design, Agility|Dagfinn Reiersol and Marcus Baker and Chris Shiflett|9781932394757\\n2008|Apress|PHP Object-Oriented Solutions|Powers, David|9781430210115\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Learning PHP 7|Lopez, Antonio|9781785883415\\n2004|Sams Publishing|Advanced PHP Programming|Schlossnagle, George|9780672333149\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Learning PHP 7|Lopez, Antonio|9781785880544\\n2010|O'Reilly Media|PHP: The Good Parts: Delivering the Best of PHP|MacIntyre, Peter|9780596804374\\n2015-04-14T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PhP: Learn PHP Programming Quick & Easy|Dimes, Troy|9781511594226\\n2005|O'Reilly Media|Essential PHP Security|Shiflett, Chris|9780596006563\\n2011|Peachpit Press|PHP for the Web: Visual QuickStart Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780132639880\\n2013|O'Reilly Media|Learning PHP Design Patterns|Sanders, William|9781449344917\\n2003|Sams Publishing|Sams Teach Yourself PHP in 24 Hours (3rd Edition): Php in 24 Hours|Zandstra, Matt|9780672326196\\n2008|Sams Publishing|Sams Teach Yourself Ajax, JavaScript, and PHP All in One|Ballard, Phil and Moncur, Michael|9780768685442\\n2016|Packt Publishing|PHP 7: Real World Application Development|Bierer, Doug and Hussain, Altaf and Ajzele, Branko|9781787120143\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Web Application Development with Yii 2 and PHP|Safronov,  Mark and Winesett,  Jeffrey|9781783981892\\n2015|McGraw-Hill Education|PHP and MySQL Web Development: A Beginner’s Guide (Beginner's Guide)|Matthews, Marty|9780071837316\\n2006|O'Reilly Media|Programming PHP|Lerdorf, Rasmus and Tatroe, Kevin and MacIntyre, Peter|9780596006815\\n2016-04-09T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PHP: Learn PHP in 24 Hours or Less - A Beginner’s Guide To Learning PHP Programming Now (PHP, PHP Programming, PHP Course)|Dwight, Robert|9781530904389\\n2018|Apress|Practical PHP 7, MySQL 8, and MariaDB Website Databases: A Simplified Approach to Developing Database-Driven Websites|West, Adrian W. and Prettyman, Steve|9781484238431\\n2008|John Wiley &Sons|PHP & MySQL Web Development All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies|Valade, Janet|9780470167779\\n2005|SitePoint|No Nonsense XML Web Development With PHP: Master PHP 5's Powerful New XML Functionality|Myer, Thomas|9780975240205\\n2015-05-18T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Php: Learn PHP In A DAY! - The Ultimate Crash Course to Learning the Basics of PHP In No Time (Learn PHP FAST - The Ultimate Crash Course to Learning ... of the PHP Programming Language In No Time)|Acodemy|9781511872171\\n2009|MC Press|The IBM i Programmer's Guide to PHP|Olen, Jeff and Schroeder, Kevin|9781583470831\\n2008|Cengage Learning PTR|PHP 6/MySQL Programming for the Absolute Beginner|Harris, Andrew B.|9781598637984\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Functional PHP|Crettenand, Gilles|9781785880322\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Modular Programming with PHP 7|Ajzele, Branko|9781786461469\\n2022|Independently published|PHP Programming: A Step-by-Step Guide to Learn, in an Easy Way, the Fundamentals of PHP Programming Language 3nd Edition|Robinson, Daniel|9798403343497\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Learning Phalcon PHP|Rada, Calin|9781783555109\\n2010|Packt Publishing|PHP jQuery Cookbook|Joshi, Vijay|9781849512756\\n2010|Apress|Pro PHP Security: From Application Security Principles to the Implementation of XSS Defenses (Expert's Voice in Open Source)|Snyder, Chris and Myer, Thomas and Southwell, Michael|9781430233183\\n2011|Apress|Pro PHP Security: From Application Security Principles to the Implementation of XSS Defenses (Expert's Voice in Open Source)|Snyder, Chris and Thomas Myer and Michael Southwell|9781430233190\\n2015-08-28T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PHP Programming For Beginners: The Simple Guide to Learning PHP Fast!|Warren, Tim|9781517080525\\n2011|Wrox|PHP and MySQL 24-Hour Trainer|Tarr, Andrea|9781118066881\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|PHP Cookbook|Sklar, David and Trachtenberg, Adam|9781565926813\\n2011|Packt Publishing|PHP Ajax Cookbook|Sedliak, Milan and Bhattarai, Roshan and Anbiah, R. Rajesh Jeba|9781849513098\\n2006|Pearson|PHP and MySQL by Example|Quigley, Ellie and Gargenta, Marko|9780138006020\\n2014|Apress|PHP Objects, Patterns, and Practice|Zandstra, Matt|9781430260325\\n2005|O'Reilly Media|PHPUnit Pocket Guide: Test-Driven Development in PHP|Bergmann, Sebastian|9780596101039\\n2008|Sams Publishing|Sams Teach Yourself Ajax, JavaScript, and PHP All in One|Ballard, Phil and Moncur, Michael|9780672329654\\n2011|Apress|Pro PHP Application Performance: Tuning PHP Web Projects for Maximum Performance (Expert's Voice in Open Source)|Padilla, Armando and Hawkins, DUPTim|9781430228998\\n2013|Packt Publishing|Apache Solr PHP Integration|Kumar, Jayant|9781782164937\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Learning PHP 7 High Performance|Hussain, Altaf|9781785882265\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Mastering PHP Design Patterns|Ali, Junade|9781785887130\\n2010|New Riders|Effortless E-Commerce with PHP and MySQL (Voices That Matter)|Ullman, Larry|9780321678829\\n2010|Wrox|Expert PHP and MySQL|Curioso, Andrew and Bradford, Ronald and Galbraith, Patrick|9780470563120\\n2019-11-29T00:00:01Z|Independently published|PHP: The Ultimate Crash Course To Learn PHP with Practical Computer Coding Exercises|Academy, Computer Programming|9781713215486\\n2005|Course Technology|PHP Programming with MySQL|Gosselin, Don|9780619216870\\n2008|Addison-Wesley Professional|Securing PHP Web Applications|Ballad, Tricia and Ballad, William|9780321534347\\n2012|Addison-Wesley Professional|PHP and MySQL Phrasebook (Developer's Library)|Wenz, Christian Wenz|9780321834638\\n2009|Wrox|Professional PHP Design Patterns|Saray, Aaron|9780470496701\\n2010|McGraw-Hill Education|Plug-In PHP: 100 Power Solutions: Simple Solutions to Practical PHP Problems|Nixon, Robin|9780071666596\\n2009|Peachpit Press|PHP for the Web: Visual QuickStart Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780321617446\\n2011|Microsoft Press|Integrating PHP with Windows|Hollosi, Arno|9780735647916\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|Programming PHP|Lerdorf, Rasmus and Tatroe, Kevin|9781565926103\\n2015|Apress|Learn PHP 7: Object Oriented Modular Programming using HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript, XML, JSON, and MySQL|Prettyman, Steve|9781484217306\\n2008|Peachpit Press|PHP for the World Wide Web, Third Edition|Ullman, Larry|9780321442499\\n2001|Sams|PHP and MySQL Web Development|Luke Welling and Laura Thomson|9780672317842\\n2022|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's PHP and MySQL (4th Edition)|Joel Murach and Ray Harris|9781943873005\\n2013|Packt Publishing|Persistence in PHP with Doctrine ORM|Dunglas, Kévin|9781782164104\\n2016-09-24T00:00:01Z|Apress|Lumen Programming Guide: Writing PHP Microservices, REST and Web Service APIs|Redmond, Paul|9781484221860\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PHP Beginners Course: Understand basics of PHP / MySQL programming in 5 days|Thenmayer, Klaus|9781542609876\\n2012|Packt Publishing|Web Application Development with Yii and PHP|Winesett, Jeffrey|9781849518727\\n2010|Apress|Pro PHP Application Performance: Tuning PHP Web Projects for Maximum Performance (Expert's Voice in Open Source)|Padilla, Armando and Hawkins, DUPTim|9781430228981\\n2008|Cengage Learning PTR|PHP 6 Fast and Easy Web Development|Telles, Matt and Meloni, Julie C.|9781598634716\\n2007|Apress|Beginning PHP and Oracle: From Novice to Professional (Expert's Voice)|Gilmore, W Jason and Bryla, Bob|9781430203674\\n1999|Apress|Professional PHP Programming|Castagnetto, Jesus M. and Rawat, Harish and Veliath, Deepak T.|9781861002969\\n2009|Wrox|Beginning PHP 6, Apache, MySQL 6 Web Development|Boronczyk, Timothy and Naramore, Elizabeth and Gerner, Jason and Le Scouarnec, Yann and Stolz, Jeremy|9780470391143\\n2015|Springer|Web Programming with PHP and MySQL: A Practical Guide|Bramer, Max|9783319226590\\n2013|Packt Publishing|Instant PHP Web Scraping|Ward, Jacob|9781782164760\\n2002|Pearson Technology Group|Open Source Development with LAMP: Using Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl, and PHP|Lee, James|9780201770612\\n2001|Sams|Php Functions Essential Reference|Wilson, Tprbem and Michlitsch, Brett and Merrall, Graeme|9780735709706\\n2003|Prentice Hall|Core PHP Programming (3rd Edition)|Atkinson, Leon and Suraski, Zeev|9780130463463\\n2011|Apress|Pro PHP Programming (Expert's Voice in Open Source)|MacIntyre, Peter and Brian Danchilla and Mladen Gogala and Adam MacDonald|9781430235613\\n2008|McGraw-Hill Education|Oracle Database Ajax & PHP Web Application Development (Oracle Press)|Barney, Lee and McLaughlin, Michael|9780071502771\\n2012|Addison-Wesley Professional|PHP and MySQL Phrasebook (Developer's Library)|Wenz, Christian|9780133040333\\n2004|SitePoint|The PHP Anthology: Object Oriented PHP Solution, Volume 1|Fuecks, Harry|9780957921856\\n2004|Sams Publishing|PHP 5 Unleashed|John C. Coggeshall|9780672325113\\n2004|Cengage Learning PTR|PHP 5 Fast & Easy Web Development|Meloni, Julie C.|9781592004737\\n2004|SitePoint|Build Your Own Database Driven Website Using PHP and MySQL: Learning PHP & MySQL Has Never Been So Easy!|Yank, Kevin|9780975240212\\n2009|Apress|Beginning PHP 5 and MySQL: From Novice to Professional|Gilmore, W Jason|9781893115514\\n2014-11-14T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PHP Programming and MySQL For Beginners: A Simple Start To PHP & MySQL Written By A Software Engineer (PHP Programming, MySQL, Computer Programming, Software Engineering) (Volume 1)|Sanderson, Scott|9781503216051\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Building a Web Application with PHP and MariaDB: A Reference Guide|Sriparasa, Sai Srinivas|9781783981625\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Programming For Beginner's Box Set: Learn HTML, HTML5 & CSS3, Java, PHP & MySQL, C# With the Ultimate Guides For Beginner's (Programming for Beginners in under 8 hours!)|Wilson, T. J|9781515046530\\n2007|SitePoint|The PHP Anthology: 101 Essential Tips, Tricks & Hacks|Balbo, Ben and Fuecks, Harry and Shafik, Davey and Turmelle, Ligaya and O'Phinney, Matthew Weler|9780975841990\\n2020|Apress|PHP 8 Quick Scripting Reference: A Pocket Guide to PHP Web Scripting|Olsson, Mikael|9781484266199\\n2005|McGraw-Hill Education|How to Do Everything with PHP and MySQL|Vaswani, Vikram|9780071466547\\n2008|Pearson Technology Group|PHP Developer's Cookbook|Hughes, Sterling|9780672323256\\n2010|Apress|Pro PHP and jQuery (Expert's Voice in Open Source)|Lengstorf, Jason|9781430228479\\n2000-08-03T00:00:01Z|Pearson Education|Core Php Programming: Using Php to Build Dynamic Web Sites|Atkinson, Leon|9780130893987\\n2005|Visual|PHP 5: Your visual blueprint for creating open source, server-side content|Boudreaux, Toby|9780764583322\\n2017|Packt Publishing|PHP Reactive Programming: Leverage the power of Reactive Programming in PHP|Sikora, Martin|9781786462879\\n2018|BPB Publications|PHP Beginner's Practical Guide|Guleria, Pratiyush|9789387284203\\n1999|Prentice Hall Ptr|Core PHP Programming|Atkinson, Leon|9780130207876\\n2003|Apress|PHP MySQL Website Programming: Problem - Design - Solution|Chris Lea and Mike Buzzard and Dilip Thomas and Jessey White-Cinis|9781590591505\\n2004|Peachpit Press|PHP for the World Wide Web, Second Edition|Ullman, Larry|9780321245656\\n2018|CADCIM Technologies|Introducing PHP 7/MySQL|Purdue Univ, Prof. Sham Tickoo|9781942689713\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PHP: The Ultimate Step by Step guide for beginners on how to learn PHP and MYSQL programming in just 6 hours|Dawson, Ted|9781516927494\\n2013|Packt Publishing|Apache Solr PHP Integration|Kumar, Jayant|9781782164920\\n2000|Cengage Learning PTR|PHP Essentials (Prima Tech Linux Series)|Meloni, Julie C.|9780761527299\\n2005|McGraw-Hill Education|How to Do Everything with PHP and MySQL|Vaswani, Vikram|9780072257953\\n2013|Apress|Expert PHP and MySQL: Application Design and Development (Expert's Voice in Web Development)|Rochkind, Marc|9781430260080\\n2009|Springer|An Introduction to PHP for Scientists and Engineers: Beyond JavaScript|Brooks, David R.|9781848002371\\n2006|Apress|Beginning PHP and PostgreSQL E-Commerce: From Novice to Professional (Beginning, from Novice to Professional)|Darie, Cristian and Bucica, Mihai and Balanescu, Emilian|9781590596487\\n2000|Course Technology PTR|PHP Fast & Easy Web Development|Meloni, Julie C.|9780761530558\\n2015-02-20T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Beginners Guide On PHP Programming: Quick And Easy Guide To Learn PHP With My-SQL|Long, James P.|9781511846783\\n2008-08-13T00:00:01Z|Carolina Academic Press|A Web-Based Introduction to Programming: Essential Algorithms, Syntax and Control Structures Using PHP and XHTML|Michael J. O'kane|9781594605239\\n2002|Sams|Php Programming for Windows (Landmark (New Riders))|Stopford, Andrew|9780735711693\\n2002|Sams|Xml and Php|Vaswani, Vikram|9780735712270\\n2019-11-28T00:00:01Z|Apress|Building Scalable PHP Web Applications Using the Cloud: A Simple Guide to Programming and Administering Cloud-Based Applications|Bartlett, Jonathan|9781484252116\\n2003|Barnes&Nobles|PHP in Easy Steps|Mike McGrath and Mike McGrath|9780760747865\\n2021|Packt Publishing|PHP 8 Programming Tips, Tricks and Best Practices: A practical guide to PHP 8 features, usage changes, and advanced programming techniques|Bierer, Doug|9781801071871\\n2004|SitePoint|PHP Anthology: OBject Oriented PHP Solutions, Vol.2- Applications|Fuecks, Harry|9780957921849\\n2007|Packt Publishing|PHP Oracle Web Development: Data processing, Security, Caching, XML, Web Services, and Ajax|Vasiliev, Yuli|9781847193636\\n2002|Prentice Hall|Advanced PHP for Web Professionals|Cosentino, Christopher|9780130085399\\n2008|Springer|An Introduction to PHP for Scientists and Engineers: Beyond JavaScript|Brooks, David R.|9781848002364\\n2009|Packt Publishing|jQuery 1.3 with PHP|Verens, Kae|9781847196989\\n2003|Springer|PHP and MySQL Manual: Simple, yet Powerful Web Programming (Springer Professional Computing)|Stobart, Simon and Vassileiou, Mike|9781852337476\\n2004|Barnes & Noble|PHP 5 in Easy Steps|Mike McGrath|9780760763315\\n2017|Apress|Pro Functional PHP Programming: Application Development Strategies for Performance Optimization, Concurrency, Testability, and Code Brevity|Aley, Rob|9781484229576\\n1999|Computing McGraw-Hill|PHP3: Programming Browser-Based Applications with PHP|Medinets, David|9780071353427\\n2007|VDM Verlag Dr. Mueller e.K.|A PHP Compiler for the .NET Platform|Romeikat, Raphael|9783836414708\\n2007|Springer|Ruby on Rails for PHP and Java Developers|Vohra, Deepak|9783540731443\\n2022|Apress|Beginning PHP 8 and MySQL: For Programming and Web Development|Engebreth, Gunnard|9781484280812\\n2019|Independently published|Python Programming: A beginners’ guide to understand machine learning and master coding. Includes Smalltalk, Java, TCL, JavaScript, Perl, Scheme, Common Lisp, Data Science Analysis, C++, PHP & Ruby|Bash, Adam|9781708047979\\n2006|Packt Publishing|PHP Programming with PEAR: XML, Data, Dates, Web Services, and Web APIs|Stephan, Schmidt and Stefanov, Stoyan and Aaron, Wormus and Carsten, Lucke|9781904811794\\n2011|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|Easy PHP: An Easy Approach to PHP|Ahmed, Anil|9783847330219\\n2002|Sybex|Mastering PHP 4.1 with CDROM|Jeremy Allen and Charles Hornberger|9780782129243\\n2001|Apress|Wireless Web Development with PHP and WAP|Rischpater, Ray|9781893115934\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PHP - HTML for a customizable edit form (IT Easy Solutions - Programming & Office Automation) (Volume 1)|Taricco, Mr Gian Piero|9781514646670\\n2005|McGraw-Hill|Teach Yourself PHP With MYSOL (Teach Yourself: Computers)|McBride, Nat|9780071461511\\n2003-06-30T00:00:01Z|Anaya Multimedia-Anaya Interactiva|Desarrollo Web Con Php Y Mysql / PHP and MYSQL Web Development (Programacion / Programming) (Spanish Edition)|Welling, Luke|9788441515697\\n|Shroff Publishers & Distributors Pvt Ltd|Programming PHP|MacIntyre, Peter|9789351102113\\n20111025|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|PHP Master|Davey Shafik; Lorna Mitchell; Matthew Turland|9781457192623\\n2020|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|PHP Shots: Learn PHP Tricks in few Minutes|Arora, Shagun|9786200482549\\n2007|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|PHP Programming Solutions|Vaswani, Vikram|9780071487450\\n20080101|Springer Nature|Essential PHP Tools|David Sklar|9781430207146\\n2007|McGraw Hill|PHP Programming Solutions|Vaswani, Vikram|9780071596596\\n2020|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|PRACTICE BOOK OF WEB TECHNOLOGIES-(PHP) FOR BEGINNERS: PHP PROGRAMMING|Singh, Chamkaur and Kaur, Sarabjeet and Singh Kalsi, Jasvir|9786202512510\\n20130605|eBookit.com|PHP This! A Beginners Guide to Learning Object Oriented  PHP|Michelle Gosney|9781456615291\\n2018||Php For Beginners 2019|Shekhar Mishra|9781792079795\\n2004|Oreilly & Associates Inc|Php Security Collection - Pdf|Coggeshall, John and Malcolm, Clancy|9780596007416\\n2008|Addison-Wesley Professional|Securing PHP Web Applications|Ballad, Tricia and Ballad, William|9780321574336\\n2015|No Starch Press, Incorporated|Php And Mysql For Kids|Johann-Christian Hanke|9781593275655\\n2009|ANAYA MULTIMEDIA|Programacion con PHP 6 y MySQL/ Programming with PHP 6 and MySQL (Spanish Edition)|Harris, Andy|9788441525528\\n2007|Peachpit Press|PHP 5 Advanced: Visual QuickPro Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780132712286\\n2011|Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John|Php And Mysql 24-hour Trainer|Andrea Tarr|9781118172933\\n2006|O'Reilly Media|Web Database Applications with PHP & MySQL|Shillingford, Nadine|9780596100032\\n2016-09-30|Packt Publishing|PHP 7: Real World Application Development|Doug Bierer and Altaf Hussain and Branko Ajzele|9781787129009\\n2002|Muska & Lipman/Premier-Trade|PHP Fast & Easy Web Development, 2nd Edition|Meloni, Julie C.|9781931841870",
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Penta|ef89f04493508d96938f9f4e14a7fdf80b723a0c\\n2014|The Development of Web Based Expert System for Diagnosing Children Diseases Using PHP and MySQL|10.14445/22312803/IJCTT-V10P134|12|0|Hustina waty and Randy Aprianggi|e4b687662191d88ae1249632f281317aca509e55\\n2015|ANALISA KONSEP OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING PADA BAHASA PEMROGRAMAN PHP|10.31294/jki.v3i2.1662|10|1|Kadek Wibowo|aabde6301d2d5361962e5a633871656eff4aee0c\\n2016|Aplikasi Diagnosis Gangguan Kecemasan Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining Berbasis Web dengan PHP dan MYSQL|10.15408/SIJSI.V9I1.2960|7|0|Raka Yusuf and Harni Kusniyati and Yurike Nuramelia|926bb33994dc8ced2416bdf997a19c0497e32220\\n2016|E-learning of PHP based on the solutions of real-life problems|10.1007/S40692-015-0050-1|6|1|G. M. M. Bashir and A. S. L. Hoque and Bipul Chandra Dev Nath|4ea747a8a19da550a1085b5d9f6cd55c26970b47\\n2012|Designing the Knowledge Base for a PHP Tutor|10.1007/978-3-642-30950-2_94|5|0|Dinesha Weragama and J. Reye|635811dd348e866aa4d7e7dc99a66f02c5dd16a1\\n2020|Sistem Informasi Berbasis Web Sma Al- Mukhtariyah Mamben Lauk Berbasis Php Dan Mysql Dengan Framework Codeigniter|10.29408/JIT.V3I1.1793|5|0|S. Suhartini and Muhamad Sadali and Yupi Kuspandi Putra|3293452be118ca6720c4a6ea1bfd2bf7198b713b\\n2014|A logical error detector for novice PHP programmers|10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883062|3|0|Tung Nguyen and C. Chua|c320cd427ae066bfe365b5461788c0bdf33d1507\\n2017|Evolution of PHP Applications: A Systematic Literature Review|10.3991/ijes.v5i1.6437|3|0|Alinaswe Siame and D. Kunda|11bfca21cee85dfe9860f550c297f4967a1a96c4\\n2013|Determination of Bahasa Melayu Word List From Friday Sermon Transcripts Using PHP and MySQL|10.11113/JT.V64.2071|2|0|M. Harun and Muhammad ‘Aasim Asyafi’ie bin Ahmad and S. Hamid and Fareha Abdul Rahman and P. I. Khalid|cfa538107946ab4e1f77ae41db99d8af9a0a3471\\n2014|Sistem Pemrosesan Transaksi Pada Toko Bangunan Berbasis Web Dengan PHP dan MySQL|10.14710/JTSISKOM.2.2.2014.170-174|2|0|Rizky Gelar Maliq and R. Isnanto and Ike Pertiwi Windasari|dbfb0559140c92a193e4723fc8ca7242531286b9\\n2016|SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN SURAT BERBASIS PHP DAN MYSQL DI INSTITUT SENI INDONESIA PADANGPANJANG|10.36275/stsp.v16i1.53|2|1|Irwan Yusti|71d4444fc6c57e59c4e1137b97d0b3da121e028a\\n2017|Static optimization in PHP 7|10.1145/3033019.3033026|2|0|N. Popov and Biagio Cosenza and B. Juurlink and Dmitry Stogov|54cac445f04718a06b61f5616615baf28f4cc092\\n2018|Vulnerability Detection in PHP Web Application Using Lexical Analysis Approach with Machine Learning|10.1109/ICODSE.2018.8705809|2|0|Dhika Rizki Anbiya and A. Purwarianti and Y. Asnar|b30cf4d01b0085647e6f146364eeaf97a88a5cf2\\n2020|Information Retrieval Technique for Indonesian PDF Document with Modified Stemming Porter Method Using PHP|10.1088/1742-6596/1477/3/032016|2|0|Faizal Riza and S. Rifai and Akmal Dirgantara and Sfenrianto and Rasenda and Syarifudin Herdyansyah|66a1049603e6166b9cc4975433eb388c6fdb6c4d\\n2011|Pro PHP Programming|10.1007/978-1-4302-3561-3|2|0|Peter B. MacIntyre and Brian Danchilla and Mladen Gogala|401a0b2b887c3d8c50f95ad8f59dff6a3f725df2\\n2016|Evolution of method invocation and object instantiation patterns in a PHP ecosystem|10.1145/3003733.3003777|1|0|Panos Kyriakakis and A. Chatzigeorgiou and Apostolos Ampatzoglou and S. Xinogalos|b3cbb06d4fd1967a30cdab16989c18a2b18f4722\\n2016|MIGRATION CODE PADA BACKEND CRIMEZONE DARI PHP KE SCALA|10.21609/JSI.V12I2.489|1|0|A. Suhendra and A. Bachtiar|b28d1b5faeb54e58c991f3eaca916db1c9dd757f\\n2003|Object-Oriented Programming with PHP|10.1007/978-1-4302-1120-4_6|1|0|Luis Argerich and Wankyu Choi and J. Coggeshall and Ken Egervari and Martin Geisler and Zak Greant and Andrew F. Hill and C. Hubbard and James Moore and Devon O’Dell and Jon Parise and Harish Rawat and Tarique Sani and Christopher Scollo and Deepak Thomas and Chris Ullman|4fd455e698d4b0687184c1a2db10e05b89f4f2ad\\n2019|Mutation Testing for Evaluating PHP Web Applications|10.4018/ijsi.2019100102|1|0|A. Saifan and M. Ata|e870a0eebcd0ce3ac4d41f93531a1904f9f3e66c\\n2021|Analisis Perbandingan Bahasa Pemrograman PHP Laravel dengan PHP Native pada Pengembangan Website|10.36448/expert.v11i1.2012|1|0|R. Endra and Yuthsi Aprilinda and Yanuar Dharmawan and Wahyu Ramadhan|0a1a7f81189724590b1d1b73e2f85b59616414d7\\n2015|The PHP Language: Types of Statement|10.1007/978-3-319-22659-0_3|1|0|M. Bramer|d1ced82bbe63acf677f5f0e5327cfb97b00da35d",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nProgramming PHP|2002|Rasmus Lerdorf|131900|3.92|642|36\\nPHP and MySQL Web Development (Developer's Library)|2003|Luke Welling|40127|3.95|854|54\\nPHP & MySQL For Dummies|2002|Janet Valade|40136|3.53|186|11\\nProfessional PHP Programming|1999|Sascha Schumann|1517760|3.95|150|5\\nAdvanced PHP Programming|2004|George Schlossnagle|503809|3.86|116|11"
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    "name": "Go",
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    "creators": "Rob Pike and Ken Thompson and Robert Griesemer",
    "measurements": 98,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://go.dev/",
    "spec": "https://go.dev/ref/spec",
    "foundationScore": 90,
    "blog": "https://go.dev/blog/",
    "releaseNotes": "https://go.dev/doc/devel/release",
    "download": "https://go.dev/dl/",
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    "inboundLinks": "abs ace ale ante-esolang aretext ark-lang arrow-format battlestar bebasic blacklight borgo borgo cir clay cloc codeql comby cuelang cyber dafny dasel ddp dgraph differential-datalog drakon elvish eyg flatbuffers fo fql frundis funl g-fu gcc gentee gfoo git go goal gogs-editor gridstudio-editor h-lang hcl hera hhvm hujson ink-lang ivy jayfor jql json-with-comments jule ko ktyek kubernetes m3db mal mangle mgmt micro-editor moonbit mugo mugo multiaddr netbeans-editor nit nomad noms-db observable-framework oden ok olc orange pipefish please-build prometheus pygments qoir reach reko-decompiler rye simple-binary-encoding slope smc snowball-programming-language tawa tensorflow testml tmtp touch v vsxu wa wa wing yggdrasil",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/golang/go",
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    "githubBigQuery_users": 44945,
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    "githubLanguage_repos": 1083789,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 26,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjects": "author name avatar url language languageColor stars forks currentPeriodStars description\\nvmware octant https://github.com/vmware.png https://github.com/vmware/octant Go #00ADD8 2406 121 2308 \"A web-based, highly extensible platform for developers to better understand the complexity of Kubernetes clusters.\"\\nquii learn-go-with-tests https://github.com/quii.png https://github.com/quii/learn-go-with-tests Go #00ADD8 7624 769 3121 \"Learn Go with test-driven development\"\\ncnlh nps https://github.com/cnlh.png https://github.com/cnlh/nps Go #00ADD8 7403 1139 2253 一款轻量级、功能强大的内网穿透代理服务器。支持tcp、udp流量转发，支持内网http代理、内网socks5代理，同时支持snappy压缩、站点保护、加密传输、多路复用、header修改等。支持web图形化管理，集成多用户模式。\\niawia002 annie https://github.com/iawia002.png https://github.com/iawia002/annie Go #00ADD8 7577 733 681 \"👾 Fast, simple and clean video downloader\"\\nsqshq sampler https://github.com/sqshq.png https://github.com/sqshq/sampler Go #00ADD8 6099 267 3394 \"A tool for shell commands execution, visualization and alerting. Configured with a simple YAML file.\"\\nfatedier frp https://github.com/fatedier.png https://github.com/fatedier/frp Go #00ADD8 27370 4960 1262 \"A fast reverse proxy to help you expose a local server behind a NAT or firewall to the internet.\"\\nprometheus prometheus https://github.com/prometheus.png https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus Go #00ADD8 26226 3783 739 \"The Prometheus monitoring system and time series database.\"\\nunknwon the-way-to-go_ZH_CN https://github.com/unknwon.png https://github.com/unknwon/the-way-to-go_ZH_CN Go #00ADD8 17200 4782 746 \"《The Way to Go》中文译本，中文正式名《Go 入门指南》\"\\ngrafana loki https://github.com/grafana.png https://github.com/grafana/loki Go #00ADD8 7087 469 299 \"Like Prometheus, but for logs.\"\\nwtfutil wtf https://github.com/wtfutil.png https://github.com/wtfutil/wtf Go #00ADD8 10146 521 1603 \"The personal information dashboard for your terminal.\"\\ncrawlab-team crawlab https://github.com/crawlab-team.png https://github.com/crawlab-team/crawlab Go #00ADD8 2390 346 1549 \"Distributed web crawler admin platform for spiders management regardless of languages and frameworks.\"\\nkubernetes minikube https://github.com/kubernetes.png https://github.com/kubernetes/minikube Go #00ADD8 15590 2460 446 \"Run Kubernetes locally\"\\ngolang go https://github.com/golang.png https://github.com/golang/go Go #00ADD8 63142 8820 1596 \"The Go programming language\"\\nkubernetes kubernetes https://github.com/kubernetes.png https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes Go #00ADD8 57528 20099 1425 \"Production-Grade Container Scheduling and Management\"\\nDreamacro clash https://github.com/Dreamacro.png https://github.com/Dreamacro/clash Go #00ADD8 3405 467 279 \"A rule-based tunnel in Go.\"\\ndeveloper-learning reading-go https://github.com/developer-learning.png https://github.com/developer-learning/reading-go Go #00ADD8 4682 446 274 \"Go 夜读 > Share the related technical topics of Go every week through zoom online live broadcast, every day on the WeChat/Slack to communicate programming technology topics. 每周通过 zoom 在线直播的方式分享 Go 相关的技术话题，每天大家在微信/Slack 上及时沟通交流编程技术话题。\"\\nistio istio https://github.com/istio.png https://github.com/istio/istio Go #00ADD8 19423 3336 565 \"Connect, secure, control, and observe services.\"\\npulumi pulumi https://github.com/pulumi.png https://github.com/pulumi/pulumi Go #00ADD8 3364 164 217 \"Modern Infrastructure as Code - Create, deploy, and manage infrastructure on any cloud using your favorite language.\"\\nnsqio nsq https://github.com/nsqio.png https://github.com/nsqio/nsq Go #00ADD8 16146 2111 294 \"A realtime distributed messaging platform\"\\nFiloSottile mkcert https://github.com/FiloSottile.png https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert Go #00ADD8 20261 740 503 \"A simple zero-config tool to make locally trusted development certificates with any names you'd like.\"\\nurfave cli https://github.com/urfave.png https://github.com/urfave/cli Go #00ADD8 11779 946 437 \"A simple, fast, and fun package for building command line apps in Go\"\\ndrone drone https://github.com/drone.png https://github.com/drone/drone Go #00ADD8 19329 1908 347 \"Drone is a Container-Native, Continuous Delivery Platform\"\\ngoproxy goproxy.cn https://github.com/goproxy.png https://github.com/goproxy/goproxy.cn Go #00ADD8 1062 54 477 \"The most trusted Go module proxy in China.\"\\ncortexproject cortex https://github.com/cortexproject.png https://github.com/cortexproject/cortex Go #00ADD8 1834 220 224 \"A multitenant, horizontally scalable Prometheus as a Service\"\\naquasecurity trivy https://github.com/aquasecurity.png https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy Go #00ADD8 2130 148 443 \"A Simple and Comprehensive Vulnerability Scanner for Containers, Suitable for CI\"",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "golang",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "go",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-go",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.go",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 121611,
    "githubRepo_issues": 9580,
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "g/Go.go",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2013,
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    "aka": "golang",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "go.py",
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    "tiobe_currentRank": 14,
    "webRepl": "https://go.dev/play",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2009,
    "wikipedia_related": "assembly-language linux freebsd solaris alef apl bcpl c csp limbo modula newsqueak oberon occam pascal python smalltalk crystal algol unix java utf-8 csharp rust erlang chapel cilk mongodb standard-ml cobol fortran scala dart",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Go (often referred to as golang) is a programming language created at Google in 2009 by Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson. It is a compiled, statically typed language in the tradition of Algol and C, with garbage collection, limited structural typing, memory safety features and CSP-style concurrent programming features added. The compiler and other language tools originally developed by Google are all free and open source.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2602,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 1153,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1802,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 25039021,
    "lab": "Google",
    "fileExtensions": "go",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "go",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "go",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "go",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "go",
    "languageServerProtocolProject_writtenIn": "go",
    "writtenIn": "go assembly-language c markdown json bash html bourne-shell javascript perl yaml make css logos dockerfile cpp fortran-90 csv python objective-c awk matlab",
    "leetSheets": "https://cheatsheets.zip/go",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 701860,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 6403,
    "exercism": "https://exercism.org/tracks/go",
    "expandedMeasurements": 156,
    "numberOfCreators": 3,
    "isSelfHosted": true,
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    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "clocExtensions": "go ʕ◔ϖ◔ʔ",
    "gdbSupport": true,
    "visualParadigm": false,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#go",
    "docs": "https://devdocs.io/go/",
    "emailList": "https://groups.google.com/g/golang-nuts",
    "faq": "https://go.dev/doc/faq",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 123,
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/golang",
    "codeMirror": "go",
    "monaco": "go",
    "quineRelay": "Go",
    "replit": "https://repl.it/languages/go",
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    "ubuntuPackage": "golang",
    "proposals": "https://github.com/golang/proposal",
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    "compilerExplorer_example": "// Type your code here, or load an example. // Your function name should start with a capital letter. package main  func Square(x int) int {     return x * x }  func main() {} ",
    "helloWorldCollection": "// Hello world in Go  package main import \"fmt\" func main() {  fmt.Printf(\"Hello World\\n\") }",
    "leachim6_example": "package main  import \"fmt\"  func main() {   fmt.Println(\"Hello World\") } ",
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    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/golang",
    "wikipedia_example": "package main  import (     \"fmt\"     \"time\" )  func readword(ch chan string) {     fmt.Println(\"Type a word, then hit Enter.\")     var word string     fmt.Scanf(\"%s\", &word)     ch <- word }  func timeout(t chan bool) {     time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)     t <- true }  func main() {     t := make(chan bool)     go timeout(t)      ch := make(chan string)     go readword(ch)      select {     case word := <-ch:         fmt.Println(\"Received\", word)     case <-t:         fmt.Println(\"Timeout.\")     } }",
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    "compilerExplorer": "Go",
    "gource": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2FwdgwMMCv4",
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    "keywords": "break case chan const continue default defer else fallthrough for func go goto if import interface map package range return select struct switch type var",
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    "meetup": "https://www.meetup.com/topics/golang",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "printToken": "fmt.Println",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "assignmentToken": "=",
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    "hasOctals": true,
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    "hasPointers": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
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    "hasStrings": true,
    "hasSwitch": true,
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    "jupyterKernel": "https://github.com/gopherdata/gophernotes",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go_(programming_language)",
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    "pypl": "Go",
    "tiobe": "Go",
    "domainName": "go.dev",
    "githubBigQuery": "Go",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/AlanQuatermain/go-tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2012|iUniverse|The Way To Go: A Thorough Introduction To The Go Programming Language|Balbaert, Ivo|9781469769165\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Go Programming Blueprints: Build real-world, production-ready solutions in Go using cutting-edge technology and techniques, 2nd Edition|Ryer, Mat|9781786468949\\n2013|Apress|TouchDevelop: Programming on the Go (Expert's Voice in Web Development)|Horspool, Nigel and Tillmann, Nikolai and Bishop, Judith|9781430261360\\n2016|Manning Publications|Go Web Programming|Chang, Sau Sheong|9781617292569\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Go Programming Blueprints|Ryer, Mat|9781783988020",
    "githubLanguage": "Go",
    "indeedJobs": "go engineer",
    "linkedInSkill": "go",
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Soong and David Zhang and Shijia Sam Zhu|9780130417909\\n1999|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|Inside XML DTDs: Scientific and Technical|Simon St. Laurent and Robert J. 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Silverstein|9780672328244\\n2000|Microsoft Press|Inside Microsoft SQL Server 2000|Kalen Delaney|9780735609983\\n2006|Microsoft Press|Inside Microsoft SQL Server 2005: T-SQL Querying (Developer Reference)|Itzik Ben-Gan and Lubor Kollar and Dejan Sarka|9780735623132\\n2005|Apress|Pro SQL Server 2005|Thomas Rizzo and Adam Machanic and Robin Dewson and Rob Walters and Joseph Sack and Julian Skinner and Louis Davidson|9781590594773\\n2003|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|SQL Server 2000 Stored Procedure & XML Programming, Second Edition|Dejan Sunderic|9780072228960\\n2000|Sams|Sams Teach Yourself SQL in 24 Hours (2nd Edition)|Plew, Ronald R. and Stephens, Ryan K.|9780672318993\\n2001|McGraw-Hill Companies|Troubleshooting SQL||9780072134896\\n2001|Addison-Wesley Professional|Guru's Guide to SQL Server Stored Procedures, XML, and HTML, The|Henderson, Ken|9780201700466\\n2005|Morgan Kaufmann|Joe Celko's SQL for Smarties: Advanced SQL Programming Third Edition (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)|Celko, Joe|9780123693792\\n2012|Apress|Pro T-SQL 2012 Programmer's Guide (Expert's Voice in SQL Server)|Coles, Michael and Shaw, Scott and Natarajan, Jay and Bruchez, Rudi|9781430245964\\n2009|Jones & Bartlett Learning|The Sql Programming Language|Kirk Scott|9780763766740\\n1999|Sams|SQL Unleashed|Youness, Sakhr and Boutquin, Pierre and Ladanyi, Hans|9780672317095\\n2006|Morgan Kaufmann|Joe Celko's Analytics and OLAP in SQL (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)|Celko, Joe|9780123695123\\n2008|Morgan Kaufmann|Joe Celko's Thinking in Sets: Auxiliary, Temporal, and Virtual Tables in SQL (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)|Celko, Joe|9780123741370\\n1997|Morgan Kaufmann|Joe Celko's SQL Puzzles and Answers (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)|Celko, Joe|9781558604537\\n1998|Ventana Pr|The SQL Programmer's Reference: Windows 95/Nt & Unix|Freeze, Wayne S.|9781566047609\\n2006|O'Reilly Media|Programming SQL Server 2005: Prepare for Deeper SQL Server Waters|Bill Hamilton|9780596004798\\n2001|Microsoft Press|Data Mining with Microsoft SQL Server(TM) 2000 Technical Reference (Developer Reference)|Seidman, Claude|9780735612716\\n2007|Open University Worldwide|The Database Language Sql|Open University. Relational databases: theory and practice Course Team|9780749215750\\n2009|Microsoft Press|Smart Business Intelligence Solutions with Microsoft® SQL Server® 2008 (Developer Reference)|Langit, Lynn and Goff, Kevin S.|9780735625808\\n1999|Sams|Microsoft SQL Server 7.0 Programming Unleashed (2nd Edition)|John Papa and Matthew Shepker and Peter Debetta and Dave Martin and Randy Charles Morin|9780672312939\\n2007|McGraw-Hill Education|MCTS SQL Server 2005 Implementation & Maintenance Study Guide (Exam 70-431)|Carpenter, Tom|9780072263213\\n2006|Wrox|Professional SQL Server 2005 Reporting Services|Turley, Paul and Bryant, Todd and Counihan, James and DuVarney, Dave|9780764584978\\n2016|McGraw-Hill Education|Microsoft SQL Server 2016: A Beginner's Guide, Sixth Edition|Petkovic, Dusan|9781259641800\\n2010|McGraw-Hill Education|Hands-On Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Integration Services, Second Edition|Nanda, Ashwani|9780071736404\\n2004|Rational Press|The Rational Guide to: SQL Server Reporting Services (Rational Guides)|Mann, A. T.|9780972688895\\n2006|Wrox|Professional SQL Server 2005 XML|Klein, Scott|9780764597923\\n2000|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|SQL Server 2000 Design & T-SQL Programming|Reilly, Michael and Poolet, Michelle|9780072123753\\n2018|Packt Publishing|SQL Server 2017 Machine Learning Services with R: Data exploration, modeling, and advanced analytics|Kastrun, Tomaz and Koesmarno, Julie|9781787283572\\n2009|O'Reilly Media|SQL and Relational Theory: How to Write Accurate SQL Code|Date, C. J.|9780596523060\\n2011|McGraw-Hill Education|Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 Master Data Services|Graham, Tyler and Selhorn, Suzanne|9780071756235\\n2009|Sybex|Mastering SQL Server 2008|Lee, Michael and Bieker, Gentry|9780470289044\\n2001|Wiley|Scripting XML and WMI for Microsoft(r) SQL Server 2000: Professional Developer's Guide|Martinsson, Tobias|9780471399513\\n1989|Que Pub|Sql Programmer's Guide (programming Series)|Umang Gupta and William Gietz|9780880223904\\n2020|Questing Vole Press|SQL Database Programming (Fifth Edition)|Fehily, Chris|9781937842475\\n1994|Addison-Wesley|Introduction to SQL (2nd Edition)|Van Der Lans, Rick F. and Cools, Diane and Gray, Andrea|9780201624250\\n2007|McGraw-Hill Interamericana|Programacion avanzada con SQL Server 2005/ Advance Programming with SQL Server 2005 (Spanish Edition)|Brust, Andrew J.|9789701058930\\n2012|IBM Press|DB2 SQL Tuning Tips for z/OS Developers (IBM Press)|Andrews, Tony|9780133038460\\n2010|Red Gate Books|Defensive Database Programming with SQL Server||9781906434458\\n2010|For Dummies|SQL For Dummies|Taylor, Allen G.|9780470557419\\n2001|Sybex|SQL Server Developer's Guide to OLAP with Analysis Services|Mike Gunderloy and Tim Sneath|9780782129571\\n2000|Morgan Kaufmann|Understanding SQL and Java Together: A Guide to SQLJ, JDBC, and Related Technologies (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)|Melton, Jim and Eisenberg, Andrew|9781558605626\\n2006|Microsoft Press|Programming Microsoft SQL Server 2005|Brust, Andrew and Forte, Stephen|9780735619234\\n2006|Apress|Beginning SQL Server 2005 for Developers: From Novice to Professional (Expert's Voice)|Dewson, Robin|9781590595886\\n1990|QED Information Sciences|Embedded SQL for DB2: Application design and programming|Sayles, Jonathan|9780894353086\\n2005-03-04|Wiley|Beginning SQL|Paul Wilton and John Colby|9780764596322\\n1999|Sams|Microsoft SQL Server 7.0 Unleashed|Bjeletich, Sharon and Gallagher, Simon and Minocha, Vipul and Mable, Greg|9780672312274\\n2001|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|Instant SQL Server 2000 Applications|Buczek, Greg|9780072133202\\n2006|Wrox|Professional SQL Server 2005 CLR Programming: with Stored Procedures, Functions, Triggers, Aggregates and Types|Derek Comingore and Douglas Hinson|9780470054031\\n2004|Sas Institute|Sas 9.1 Sql Procedure User's Guide|Inc Sas Institute and Sas Institute|9781590473344\\n2008|Microsoft Press|Programming Microsoft® SQL Server® 2008|Leonard Lobel and Andrew J. Brust and Stephen Forte|9780735638198\\n2000||Programming Sql Server With Xml [with 1]|Sankar and Krishna|9780735611757\\n2010|Course Technology/cengage Learning,|Asp.net Programming With C# And Sql Server|Gosselin, Don|9780840031259\\n2019|BPB Publications|Python Data Persistence: With SQL and NOSQL Databases|Lathkar, Malhar|9789388511759\\n2007|Syngress|How to Cheat at Securing SQL Server 2005|Timothy Blum and Kevvie Fowler and Raymond Arthur Gabriel and K. Brian Kelley and Matt Shepherd|9781597491969\\n2020|Wiley-IEEE Press|SQL Server Database Programming with Visual Basic.NET: Concepts, Designs and Implementations|Bai, Ying|9781119608608\\n2007|ANAYA MULTIMEDIA|Bases de datos con SQL Server 2005 (Paso A Paso) (Spanish Edition)|Solid Quality Learning|9788441521315\\n2019||Sql|Ryan Turner|9781076176479\\n2004|Vk Publishers|Database Programming Using Vb.net & Sql Server 2000 (secrets Of Developing An Accounting Package Revealed)|Bharathi Krishna K. and Krishna K.|9788190133159\\n1997|Microsoft Press|Hitchhiker's Guide to Visual Basic and SQL Server: William R. Vaughn (Microsoft Programming Series)|Vaughn, William|9781572315679\\n2015|Apress|SQL Server T-SQL Recipes|Dye, David and Brimhall, Jason and Roberts, Timothy and Sheffield, Wayne and Sack, Joseph and Gennick, Jonathan|9781484200612\\n2016|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Sql: Learn Sql In 24 Hours Or Less - A Beginner's Guide To Learning Sql Programming Now (sql, Sql Programming, Sql Course)|Robert Dwight|9781532716959\\n20061101|Springer Nature|Mastering Oracle SQL and SQL*Plus|Lex deHaan|9781430200000\\n2005|McGraw-Hill Education|SQL Demystified|Oppel, Andrew|9780071486729\\n2018|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|SQL: Simplified SQL Programming & Database Management For Beginners. Your Step-By-Step Guide to Learning The SQL Database (Simplified Programming- SQL)|Gosling, Steve|9781985732681\\n2009|Packt Publishing|Oracle SQL Developer 2.1|Harper,Sue|9781847196262\\n2012|Apress|Pro SQL Server 2012 BI Solutions (Expert's Voice in SQL Server)|Root, Randal and Mason, Caryn|9781430234890\\n1994|Gupta Corp|Power Programming With Sql Windows|Rajesh Lalwani|9780131915459\\n2000|Peer Information|Professional SQL Server 2000 Programming|Rob Vieira|9781861004482\\n1999|Apress|Professional SQL Server 7.0 Programming|Rob Vieira|9781861002310\\n2014|Questing Vole Press|Sql Short Course (database Programming)|Chris Fehily|9781937842338\\n2000|SAS Institute,|SAS SQL Procedure User's Guide,Version 8|SAS Institute Staff and Publishing SAS Publishing and SAS Publishing|9781580255998\\n2000|McGraw-Hill/OsborneMedia|SQL Server 2000 Stored Procedure Programming||9780072125665\\n1997|Itp - Media|Official Sybase SQL Anywhere Developer's Guide|Richmond, Ian and Clayton, Steve and Ball, Derek|9781850328605\\n2020|BPB Publications|Learn SQL with MySQL: Retrieve and Manipulate Data Using SQL Commands with Ease (English Edition)|Pajankar, Ashwin|9789389898088\\n2020|Independently Published|Computer Programming: 4 Books In 1: Sql For Beginners, C# For Beginners, C# For Intermediate, Hacking With Kali Linux, Everything You Need For Mastering Programming & Cyber Security|Sutherland, Andrew|9781658138703\\n2019|Independently Published|Sql: The Ultimate Guide To Programming In Sql For Beginners, With Exercises For Learning Sql Languages And The Coding, Easily And In A Short Time (step-by-step Guide)|Daniel Géron|9781708021979\\n2000|Tsinghua University Press Pub. Date :2007-01|Sql Server 2005 Xml Advanced Programming(chinese Edition)|(mei)ke Lin (klein.s.) / Wang Xin|9787302141112\\n1997|Microsoft Press|Inside Microsoft SQL Server 6.5 (Microsoft Programming Series)|Soukup, Ron|9781572313316\\n1996|Microsoft Press|Hitchhiker's Guide to Visual Basic for SQL Server 95 (Solution developer series)|Vaughn, William|9781556159060\\n1999|John Wiley & Sons|Essential Sqlj Programming: The Complete Guide To The Ansi Standard For Embedded Sql In Java|Julie Basu and Probal Shyamal Shome|9780471349204\\n2021|microsoft|Microsoft Official Course 2073A: Programming a Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Database Course (Microsoft Official Course)||9780758061041\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Realizing Generic Data Warehouses by Generic SQL Programming: Teradata Edition (In the Age of Big Data: Generically Data Warehousing)|Jiang, Bin|9781512127287\\n2020|Ben Chan|Programming For Data Science: 2 Books in 1: Cyber Security, SQL Programming, Beginners Course for Kids, and Newbies (Crash Course 2021)|Chan, Ben|9783949231407\\n2019|ClydeBank Media LLC|SQL QuickStart Guide: The Simplified Beginner's Guide to Managing, Analyzing, and Manipulating Data With SQL|Shields, Walter|9781945051838\\n2014|Cengage Learning|A Guide to SQL|Pratt, Philip J. and Last, Mary Z.|9781111527273\\n2022|Independently published|SQL: 2 Books in 1 - The Ultimate Beginner & Intermediate Guides To Mastering SQL Programming Quickly (Computer Programming)|Reed, Mark|9798415220236\\n2017|Pragmatic Programmers, LLC, The|SQL Antipatterns: Avoiding the Pitfalls of Database Programming (Pragmatic Programmers)|Karwin, Bill|9781934356555\\n2013|Cengage Learning|MCSA Guide to Microsoft SQL Server 2012 (Exam 70-462) (Networking (Course Technology))|Akkawi, Faisal and Akkawi, Kayed and Schofield|9781285821139\\n2022|Independently published|SQL: The Ultimate Intermediate Guide to Learning SQL Programming Step by Step (Computer Programming)|Reed, Mark|9798402491663\\n2019|Apress|SQL Server 2019 Revealed: Including Big Data Clusters and Machine Learning|Ward, Bob|9781484254196\\n2016|McGraw-Hill Education|Delivering Business Intelligence with Microsoft SQL Server 2016, Fourth Edition|Larson, Brian|9781259641497\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Learn SQL Database Programming: Query and manipulate databases from popular relational database servers using SQL|Bush, Josephine|9781838981709\\n2019-12-13T00:00:01Z|Apress|Beginning Database Programming Using ASP.NET Core 3: With MVC, Razor Pages, Web API, jQuery, Angular, SQL Server, and NoSQL|Joshi, Bipin|9781484255087\\n2017-12-15T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|SQL: Learn SQL In 2 Hours And Start Programming Today!|Alvin, Cooper|9781981745982\\n2014|Rampant TechPress|SQL Design Patterns: The Expert Guide to SQL Programming (IT In-Focus) (Volume 4)|Tropashko, Vadim|9780977671540\\n2012|Microsoft Press|Microsoft SQL Server 2012 T-SQL Fundamentals (Developer Reference)|Ben-Gan, Itzik|9780735658141\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Learn SQL Database Programming: Query and manipulate databases from popular relational database servers using SQL|Bush, Josephine|9781838984762\\n2020|Apress|Practical Azure SQL Database for Modern Developers: Building Applications in the Microsoft Cloud|Mauri, Davide and Coriani, Silvano and Hoffman, Anna and Mishra, Sanjay and Popovic, Jovan|9781484263709\\n2020|In Easy Steps Limited|SQL in easy steps|McGrath, Mike|9781840789027\\n2021|Wiley|SQL for Data Scientists: A Beginner's Guide for Building Datasets for Analysis|Teate, Renee M. P.|9781119669395\\n2017|McGraw-Hill Education|OCA Oracle Database SQL Exam Guide (Exam 1Z0-071) (Oracle Press)|O'Hearn, Steve|9781259584619\\n2014|Morgan Kaufmann|Joe Celko's SQL for Smarties: Advanced SQL Programming (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)|Celko, Joe|9780128007617\\n2018|Apress|SQL Server 2017 Query Performance Tuning: Troubleshoot and Optimize Query Performance|Fritchey, Grant|9781484238882\\n2018|Apress|Beginning DAX with Power BI: The SQL Pro’s Guide to Better Business Intelligence|Seamark, Philip|9781484234778\\n2020|Apress|SQL Server Data Automation Through Frameworks: Building Metadata-Driven Frameworks with T-SQL, SSIS, and Azure Data Factory|Andy Leonard and Kent Bradshaw|9781484262139\\n2020|Apress|SQL Server 2019 AlwaysOn: Supporting 24x7 Applications with Continuous Uptime|Carter, Peter A.|9781484264799\\n2012|Apress|SQL Server 2012 T-SQL Recipes: A Problem-Solution Approach (Expert's Voice in SQL Server)|Brimhall, Jason and Dye, David and Roberts, Timothy and Sheffield, Wayne and Gennick, Jonathan and Sack, Joseph|9781430242017\\n2005|McGraw-Hill Education|SQL Demystified|Oppel, Andrew|9780072262247\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Programming: Computer Programming for Beginners: Learn the Basics of Java, SQL & C++ (Coding, C Programming, Java Programming, SQL Programming, JavaScript, Python, PHP)|Connor, Joseph|9781518662584\\n2018|Apress|Securing SQL Server: DBAs Defending the Database|Carter, Peter A.|9781484241615\\n2012|In Easy Steps Limited|SQL in easy steps|McGrath, Mike|9781840785432\\n2008|Wiley|SQL Bible|Kriegel, Alex and Trukhnov, Boris M.|9780470229064\\n2012|Microsoft Press|Microsoft SQL Server 2012 T-SQL Fundamentals (Developer Reference)|Ben-Gan, Itzik|9780735673953\\n2019|Independently published|SQL: Comprehensive Beginners Guide to SQL Programming with Exercises and Case Studies|Jacobs, Paige|9781793213433\\n2019|Independently published|SQL For Beginners SQL Made Easy: A Step-By-Step Guide to SQL Programming for the Beginner, Intermediate and Advanced User (Including Projects and Exercises)|Berg, Craig|9781695283565\\n2013|Microsoft Press|Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Step by Step (Step by Step Developer)|LeBlanc, Patrick|9780735670037\\n2015|Apress|Extending SSIS with .NET Scripting: A Toolkit for SQL Server Integration Services|van Rossum, Joost and Baccaro, Regis|9781484206386\\n2014|McGraw-Hill Education|Microsoft SQL Server 2014 Query Tuning & Optimization|Nevarez, Benjamin|9780071829427\\n2008|For Dummies|Microsoft SQL Server 2008 All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies|Schneider, Robert D. and Gibson, Darril|9780470179543\\n2019|Independently published|SQL Programming: The Ultimate Guide with Exercises, Tips and Tricks to Learn SQL|Parker, Damon|9781671682191\\n2019|Clydebank Media Llc|SQL Quickstart Guide: The Simplified Beginner's Guide to Managing, Analyzing, and Manipulating Data With SQL|Shields, Walter|9781636100197\\n2017|Apress|Building Custom Tasks for SQL Server Integration Services|Leonard, Andy|9781484229408\\n2012|Morgan Kaufmann|Joe Celko's Trees and Hierarchies in SQL for Smarties (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)|Celko, Joe|9780123877567\\n2016-11-03T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|SQL: Easy SQL Programming & Database Management For Beginners, Your Step-By-Step Guide To Learning The SQL Database (SQL Series)|Alvaro, Felix|9781539916055\\n2019-07-28T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Coding by Doing: For Absolute Beginners – 2 Books in One – Learn SQL and Python Programming: Learn Programming Fast|Coding Languages Academy|9781082841828\\n2017|Apress|XML and JSON Recipes for SQL Server: A Problem-Solution Approach|Grinberg, Alex|9781484231173\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Introducing Microsoft SQL Server 2019: Reliability, scalability, and security both on premises and in the cloud|Gorman, Kellyn and Hirt, Allan and Noderer, Dave and Pearson, Mitchell and Rowland-Jones, James and Ryan, Dustin and Sirpal, Arun and Woody, Buck|9781838829827\\n2009|Packt Publishing|Oracle SQL Developer 2.1|Harper, Sue|9781847196279\\n2016|Packt Publishing|SQL Server 2016 Reporting Services Cookbook|Priyankara, Dinesh and Cain, Robert C.|9781786467997\\n2020|Apress|Pro SQL Server Relational Database Design and Implementation: Best Practices for Scalability and Performance|Davidson, Louis|9781484264973\\n2005|Morgan Kaufmann|Joe Celko's SQL Programming Style (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)|Celko, Joe|9780120887972\\n2019-12-05T00:00:01Z|Independently published|SQL Computer Programming for Beginners: The Ultimate Guide To Learn SQL Programming Basics, SQL Languages, Queries and Practice Problems, SQL Server and Database, Coding Languages for Beginners|Hack, Anthony|9781671803763\\n2017-11-13T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|\"SQL Programming & Database Management For Absolute Beginners SQL Server, Structured Query Language Fundamentals: \"\"Learn - By Doing\"\" Approach And Master SQL\"|Sullivan, William|9781979683821\\n2009|Microsoft Press|Inside Microsoft® SQL Server® 2008: T-SQL Querying|Itzik Ben-Gan and Lubor Kollar and Dejan Sarka and Steve Kass|9780735638303\\n2009|Sams Publishing|Sams Teach Yourself SQL in One Hour a Day|Stephens, Ryan and Plew, Ron and Jones, Arie|9780672330254\\n2019|Apress|Query Store for SQL Server 2019: Identify and Fix Poorly Performing Queries|Boggiano, Tracy and Fritchey, Grant|9781484250044\\n2009|Microsoft Press|Inside Microsoft® SQL Server® 2008: T-SQL Querying (Developer Reference)|Itzik Ben-Gan and Lubor Kollar and Dejan Sarka and Steve Kass|9780735626034\\n2010-05-31T00:00:01Z|Red gate books|Defensive Database Programming with SQL Server|Kuznetsov, Alex|9781906434496\\n2008|Microsoft Press|Microsoft® SQL Server® 2008 T-SQL Fundamentals (Developer Reference)|Ben-Gan, Itzik|9780735626010\\n2021|BPB Publications|Learn T-SQL From Scratch: An Easy-to-Follow Guide for Designing, Developing, and Deploying Databases in the SQL Server and Writing T-SQL Queries Efficiently (English Edition)|Shukla, Brahmanand|9789391392413\\n2009|Microsoft Press|Inside Microsoft SQL Server 2008 T-SQL Programming (Developer Reference)|Ben-Gan, Itzik and Sarka, Dejan and Wolter, Roger and Low, Greg and Katibah, Ed and Kunen, Isaac|9780735646476\\n2015|Apress|SQL Server T-SQL Recipes|Dye, David and Brimhall, Jason and Roberts, Timothy and Sheffield, Wayne and Sack, Joseph and Gennick, Jonathan|9781484200629\\n2020|Apress|Refactoring Legacy T-SQL for Improved Performance: Modern Practices for SQL Server Applications|Bohm, Lisa|9781484255810\\n2012|Morgan Kaufmann|Joe Celko's Trees and Hierarchies in SQL for Smarties (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)|Celko, Joe|9780123877338\\n2016|Apress|Beginning SQL Queries: From Novice to Professional|Churcher, Clare|9781484219553\\n2018|Apress|MySQL Connector/Python Revealed: SQL and NoSQL Data Storage Using MySQL for Python Programmers|Krogh, Jesper Wisborg|9781484236949\\n2013|Sams Publishing|Microsoft SQL Server 2012 Unleashed|Rankins, Ray and Bertucci, Paul and Gallelli, Chris and Silverstein, Alex T.|9780133408515\\n2006|McGraw-Hill Education|Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Stored Procedure Programming in T-SQL & .NET|Sunderic, Dejan|9780072262285\\n2020|nelly B.L. International Consulting LTD.|SQL: 3 books in 1 - The Ultimate Beginners, Intermediate and Expert Guide to Master SQL Programming|Turner, Ryan|9781647710804\\n2018|Apress|Pro SQL Server on Linux: Including Container-Based Deployment with Docker and Kubernetes|Ward, Bob|9781484241288\\n2019-09-10T00:00:01Z|Independently published|SQL Programming: The Ultimate Step-By-Step Guide to Learning SQL for Beginners|Johnson, Bryan|9781692193959\\n2018|Apress|SQL Primer: An Accelerated Introduction to SQL Basics|Batra, Rahul|9781484235768\\n2010|Morgan Kaufmann|Joe Celko's SQL for Smarties: Advanced SQL Programming (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems)|Celko, Joe|9780123820228\\n2016|Apress|Beginning SQL Queries: From Novice to Professional|Churcher, Clare|9781484219546\\n2012|Joes 2 Pros International LLC|SQL Queries 2012 Joes 2 Pros (R) Volume 4: Query Programming Objects for SQL Server 2012 (SQL Exam Prep Series 70-461 Volume 4 of 5)|Morelan, Rick and Dave, Pinal|9781939666031\\n2021|Apress|High Performance SQL Server: Consistent Response for Mission-Critical Applications|Nevarez, Benjamin|9781484264911",
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Libkin|6fbeb731108f983aa5899e5bd0ee190c7943bffb\\n2020|Efficiently Translating Complex SQL Query to MapReduce Jobflow on Cloud|10.1109/TCC.2017.2700842|24|0|Zhiang Wu and Aibo Song and Jie Cao and Junzhou Luo and Lu Zhang|186e8be20c8f665ad61720389b7c0a7358e1a105\\n1996|SQL language summary|10.1145/234313.234374|19|2|Jim Melton|a9c2ff098f01a290a569b4cabaffe3210558c5ee\\n2019|ML2SQL - Compiling a Declarative Machine Learning Language to SQL and Python|10.5441/002/edbt.2019.56|15|0|Maximilian E. Schüle and Matthias Bungeroth and Dimitri Vorona and A. Kemper and Stephan Günnemann and Thomas Neumann|d0a8f899cc206bcbc438b752b3e3667ef175b997\\n1999|SQLJ Part 1: SQL routines using the Java programming language|10.1145/344816.344864|13|1|A. Eisenberg and Jim Melton|75aac5614558f08595d4b737c075e89e47040337\\n2019|The Power of SQL Lambda Functions|10.5441/002/edbt.2019.49|12|0|Maximilian E. Schüle and Dimitri Vorona and Linnea Passing and Harald Lang and A. 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    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nSQL, PL/SQL: The Programming Language of Oracle|2002|Ivan Bayross|1678914|4.05|729|77\\nSQL for Dummies|1997|Allen G. Taylor|2164512|3.48|178|10\\nJoe Celko's SQL for Smarties: Advanced SQL Programming|1995|Joe Celko|1032791|3.96|172|11\\nOracle PL/SQL Programming|1993|Steven Feuerstein|2405226|3.93|250|14\\nThe Language of SQL|2010|Larry Rockoff|13895510|3.95|79|5"
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2014|Peachpit Press|Swift for Beginners: Develop and Design|Pitre, Boisy G.|9780134044705\\n2014|Apress|Transitioning to Swift|Gardner, Scott and Gardner, Scott|9781484204078\\n2016|Big Nerd Ranch Guides|Swift Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide (Big Nerd Ranch Guides)|Mathias, Matthew and Gallagher, John|9780134610610\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Learn Swift by Building Applications: Explore Swift programming through iOS app development|Atanasov, Emil|9781786463920\\n2015|Big Nerd Ranch Guides|Swift Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide (Big Nerd Ranch Guides)|Mathias, Matthew and Gallagher, John|9780134398013\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Mastering Swift 5: Deep dive into the latest edition of the Swift programming language, 5th Edition|Hoffman, Jon|9781789139860\\n2015|Razeware LLC|The Swift Apprentice: Beginning Programming with Swift 2|Clayton, Janie and Gallagher, Alexis and Galloway, Matt and Ganem, Eli and Kerber, Erik and Morrow, Ben|9781942878131\\n2016|Wrox|Swift iOS 24-Hour Trainer|Mishra, Abhishek|9781119073550\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Mastering Swift 4 - Fourth Edition: An in-depth and comprehensive guide to modern programming techniques with Swift|Hoffman, Jon|9781788477802\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Application Development with Swift|Ghareeb, Hossam|9781785288173\\n2017|Razeware LLC|Swift Apprentice Third Edition: Beginning Programming with Swift 4|raywenderlich.com Team and Clayton, Janie and Gallagher, Alexis and Galloway, Matt and Morrow, Ben and Pupaza, Cosmin and van Impe, Steven|9781942878438\\n2015-11-04|Packt Publishing|Mastering Swift 2|Jon Hoffman|9781785886034\\n2020|Packt Publishing|iOS 13 Programming for Beginners: Get started with building iOS apps with Swift 5 and Xcode 11, 4th Edition|Sahar, Ahmad and Clayton, Craig|9781838821906\\n2015|Apress|Beginning Swift Games Development for iOS|Goodwill, James and Matlock, Wesley|9781484204016\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|iOS 8 Swift Programming Cookbook: Solutions & Examples for iOS Apps|Nahavandipoor, Vandad|9781491908693\\n2017|Apress|macOS Programming for Absolute Beginners: Developing Apps Using Swift and Xcode|Wang, Wallace|9781484226612\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Swift Protocol-Oriented Programming: Increase productivity and build faster applications with Swift 5, 4th Edition|Hoffman, Jon|9781789349023\\n2017|Wiley|Swift in the Cloud|Williamson, Leigh and Ponzo, John and Bohrer, Patrick and Olivieri, Ricardo and Weinmeister, Karl and Kallner, Samuel|9781119368472\\n2015|Apress|Learn Swift on the Mac: For OS X and iOS|Malik, Waqar|9781484203774\\n2015|O'Reilly Media|iOS Swift Game Development Cookbook: Simple Solutions for Game Development Problems|Manning, Jonathon and Buttfield-Addison, Paris|9781491920800\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Object Oriented Programming with Swift 2|Hillar, Gaston C.|9781785885693\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Mastering Swift 5.3: Upgrade your knowledge and become an expert in the latest version of the Swift programming language, 6th Edition|Hoffman, Jon|9781800562158\\n2015-11-06|Packt Publishing|Swift High Performance|Kostiantyn Koval|9781785282201\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Swift Data Structure and Algorithms|Azar, Erik and Alebicto, Mario Eguiluz|9781785884504\\n43892|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Swift 5 Microservices Development|Ralph Kuepper; Tanner Nelson|9781789534832\\n2016|Apress|Migrating to Swift from Flash and ActionScript|Adams, Radoslava Leseva and Lesev, Hristo|9781484216668\\n2016|Apress|Beginning CareKit Development: Develop CareKit Applications Using Swift|Baxter, Christopher|9781484222263\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Reactive Programming with Swift 4: Build asynchronous reactive applications with easy-to-maintain and clean code using RxSwift and Xcode 9|Singh, Navdeep|9781787120211\\n2019|Apress|Swift 5 for Absolute Beginners: Learn to Develop Apps for iOS|Kaczmarek, Stefan and Lees, Brad and Bennett, Gary|9781484248683\\n2017|Apress|iOS Code Testing: Test-Driven Development and Behavior-Driven Development with Swift|Mishra, Abhishek|9781484226896\\n2015-10-27|Packt Publishing|Swift 2 Blueprints|Cecil Costa|9781783980765\\n2014|Apress|Swift Quick Syntax Reference|Campbell, Matthew|9781484204399\\n2016-01-06|Wiley Professional Development (P&T)|Swift iOS 24-Hour Trainer|Abhishek Mishra|9781119073420\\n2015|Apress|Migrating to Swift from Web Development|Liao, Sean and Punak, Mark and Nemec, Anthony|9781484209318\\n2015|Apress|Swift Game Programming for Absolute Beginners|Egges, Arjan|9781484206508\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Beginner's Guide to iOS 10 App Development Using Swift 3: Xcode, Swift and App Design Fundamentals|Yamacli, Serhan|9781540452153\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Swift iOS Programming for Kids: Help your kids build simple and engaging applications with Swift 3.0|Sommer, Steffen D. and Campagno, Jim|9781787125650\\n2015|Apress|Swift OS X Programming for Absolute Beginners|Wang, Wallace|9781484212332\\n2015|Big Nerd Ranch, Exclusive Worldwide Distribution Of The English Edition Of This Book By Pearson Technology Group|Swift Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide|Mathias, Matthew (author.)|9780134398068\\n2015|Apress|Developing for Apple TV using tvOS and Swift|Bennett, Gary and Lees, Brad and Kaczmarek, Stefan|9781484217153\\n20161115|Springer Nature|Build iOS Database Apps with Swift and SQLite|Kevin Languedoc|9781484222324\\n2015|Apress|Learn Swift 2 on the Mac: For OS X and iOS|Malik, Waqar|9781484216279\\n2021|Razeware LLC|Swift Apprentice (Seventh Edition): Beginning Programming with Swift|Tutorial Team, raywenderlich and Ganim, Eli and Pupăză, Cosmin and Galloway, Matt and Morrow, Ben and Gallagher, Alexis and Amer, Ehab Yosry|9781950325528\\n2021|Razeware LLC|Combine: Asynchronous Programming with Swift (Third Edition)|Tutorial Team, raywenderlich and Mishali, Shai and Pillet, Florent and Todorov, Marin and Gardner, Scott|9781950325498\\n2020-11-27T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|iOS 14 Programming for Beginners: Get started with building iOS apps with Swift 5.3 and Xcode 12, 5th Edition|Sahar, Ahmad|9781800209749\\n2021|Razeware LLC|Combine: Asynchronous Programming with Swift (Second Edition)|Tutorial Team, raywenderlich and Gardner, Scott and Mishali, Shai and Pillet, Florent and Todorov, Marin|9781950325467\\n2021|Packt Publishing|iOS 15 Programming for Beginners: Kickstart your mobile app development journey by building iOS apps with Swift 5.5 and Xcode 13, 6th Edition|Sahar, Ahmad|9781801811248\\n2019|Independently published|Swift: The Complete Guide for Beginners,Intermediate and Advanced Detailed Strategies To Master Swift Programming|Martin, MG|9781096672289\\n2021|Packt Publishing|Mastering iOS 14 Programming: Build professional-grade iOS 14 applications with Swift 5.3 and Xcode 12.4, 4th Edition|Alebicto, Mario Eguiluz and Barker, Chris and Wals, Donny|9781838822842\\n2020|Big Nerd Ranch Guides|Swift Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide (Big Nerd Ranch Guides)|Ward, Mikey|9780135264201\\n2019-11-25T00:00:01Z|Razeware LLC|Swift Apprentice (Fifth Edition): Beginning Programming with Swift|Tutorial Team, raywenderlich and Amer, Ehab and Gallagher, Alexis and Galloway, Matt and Ganim, Eli and Morrow, Ben and Pupaza, Cosmin|9781950325078\\n2019|Apress|Beginning iPhone Development with Swift 5: Exploring the iOS SDK|Wang, Wallace|9781484248652\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Swift Game Development: Learn iOS 12 game development using SpriteKit, SceneKit and ARKit 2.0, 3rd Edition|Shekar, Siddharth and Haney, Stephen|9781788472807\\n2019|Apress|Pro iPhone Development with Swift 5: Design and Manage Top Quality Apps|Wang, Wallace|9781484249444\\n2021|Razeware LLC|Data Structures & Algorithms in Swift (Fourth Edition): Implementing Practical Data Structures with Swift|Tutorial Team, raywenderlich and Lau, Kelvin and Ngo, Vincent|9781950325405\\n2014|Apress|Beginning Xcode: Swift Edition|Knott, Matthew|9781484205389\\n2017-12-26T00:00:01Z|Addison-Wesley Professional|Metal Programming Guide: Tutorial and Reference via Swift|Clayton, Janie|9780134668949\\n2021|BPB Publications|iOS 15 Application Development for Beginners: Learn Swift Programming and Build iPhone Apps with SwiftUI and Xcode 13 (English Edition)|Kulsreshtha, Arpit|9789355511102\\n2019-12-05T00:00:01Z|Razeware LLC|Combine: Asynchronous Programming with Swift (First Edition)|Tutorial Team, raywenderlich and Gardner, Scott and Mishali, Shai and Pillet, Florent and Todorov, Marin|9781942878841\\n2019|Razeware LLC|Data Structures & Algorithms in Swift (Third Edition): Implementing Practical Data Structures with Swift|Tutorial Team, raywenderlich and Lau, Kelvin and Ngo, Vincent|9781942878995\\n2020|Packt Publishing|iOS 13 Programming for Beginners: Get started with building iOS apps with Swift 5 and Xcode 11, 4th Edition|Sahar, Ahmad and Clayton, Craig|9781838820633\\n2017|Apress|Beginning iPhone Development with Swift 4: Exploring the iOS SDK|Maskrey, Molly K.|9781484230725\\n2021|Packt Publishing|Swift Cookbook: Over 60 proven recipes for developing better iOS applications with Swift 5.3, 2nd Edition|Moon, Keith and Barker, Chris|9781839210624\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Full-Stack Development with Swift: Develop full-stack web and native mobile applications using Swift and Vapor|Patel, Ankur|9781788626279\\n2019-06-25T00:00:01Z|In Easy Steps Limited|Swift Programming in easy steps: Develop iOS apps - covers iOS 12 and Swift 5|Bartlett, Darryl|9781840787771\\n2017|Razeware LLC|RxSwift: Reactive Programming with Swift|raywenderlich.com Team and Pillet, Florent and Bontognali, Junior and Todorov, Marin and Gardner, Scott|9781942878346\\n2019|Independently published|Beginner’s Guide to iOS 13 App Development Using Swift 5.1: Xcode, Swift and App Design Fundamentals|Yamacli, Serhan|9781703090772\\n2017|Apress|macOS Programming for Absolute Beginners: Developing Apps Using Swift and Xcode|Wang, Wallace|9781484226629\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Learn SwiftUI: An introductory guide to creating intuitive cross-platform user interfaces using Swift 5|Barker, Chris|9781839210877\\n2015|Peachpit Press|Swift for Beginners: Develop and Design|Pitre, Boisy G.|9780134289786\\n2019-12-14T00:00:01Z|Devslopes|iOS 13 & Swift 5 Programming|Wahlbeck, Mark|9780578618111\\n2015-02-01T00:00:01Z|Prentice Hall|Swift for Programmers (Deitel Developer Series)|Deitel, Paul J. and Deitel, Harvey|9780134021362\\n2017|Apress|Learn Computer Science with Swift: Computation Concepts, Programming Paradigms, Data Management, and Modern Component Architectures with Swift and Playgrounds|Feiler, Jesse|9781484230657\\n2017-03-22T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Swift iOS Programming for Kids|Sommer, Steffen D. and Campagno, Jim|9781787120747\\n2018-05-31T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Beginning Swift: Master the fundamentals of programming in Swift 4|Kerr, Rob and Morstol, Kare|9781789534313\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Test-Driven iOS Development with Swift|Hauser, Dr. Dominik|9781785880049\\n2015|O'Reilly Media|Swift Pocket Reference|Gray, Anthony|9781491915424\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Swift Functional Programming - Second Edition: Ease the creation, testing, and maintenance of Swift codes|Nayebi, Dr. Fatih|9781787283459\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Swift Data Structure and Algorithms|Azar, Erik and Alebicto, Mario Eguiluz|9781785884658\\n2017|Addison-Wesley Professional|iOS and macOS Performance Tuning: Cocoa, Cocoa Touch, Objective-C, and Swift (Developer's Library)|Weiher, Marcel|9780133085532\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Swift 4 Protocol-Oriented Programming: Bring predictability, performance, and productivity to your Swift applications, 3rd Edition|Hoffman, Jon|9781788473828\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Test-Driven iOS Development with Swift|Hauser, Dr. Dominik|9781785880735\\n2018|Packt Publishing|iOS 12 Programming for Beginners: An introductory guide to iOS app development with Swift 4.2 and Xcode 10, 3rd Edition|Clayton, Craig|9781789348668\\n2017-08-08T00:00:01Z|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Functional Programming: A PragPub Anthology: Exploring Clojure, Elixir, Haskell, Scala, and Swift||9781680502336\\n2016-12-07T00:00:01Z|Razeware LLC|The Swift Apprentice Second Edition: Beginning programming with Swift 3|raywenderlich.com Team and Clayton, Janie and Gallagher, Alexis and Galloway, Matt and Ganem, Eli and Kerber, Erik and Morrow, Ben and Pupaza, Cosmin and Van Impe, Steven|9781942878230\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Swift 4 Programming Cookbook: 50 task-oriented recipes to make you productive with Swift 4|Moon, Keith|9781786460899\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Swift Cookbook - 50 Recipes to Help You Harness Swift|Costa, Cecil|9781784391898\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Game Development with Swift: Embrace the mobile gaming revolution and bring your iPhone game ideas to life with Swift|Haney, Stephen|9781783550531\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Swift 2 By Example|Scalzo, Giordano|9781785882777\\n2018-01-09T00:00:01Z|O'Reilly Media|iOS 11 Swift Programming Cookbook: Solutions and Examples for iOS Apps|Nahavandipoor, Vandad|9781491992470\\n2015-12-15T00:00:01Z|O'Reilly Media|Swift Pocket Reference: Programming for Ios and OS X: Covers Swift 2.1|Gray, Anthony|9781491940075\\n2015|Apress|Pro Design Patterns in Swift|Freeman, Adam|9781484203958\\n2014|Wrox|Beginning Swift Programming|Lee, Wei-Meng|9781119009313\\n2018|Independently published|Introduction to Algorithms and Data Structures in Swift 4: Get ready for programming job interviews. 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V. Dukkipati|9781906574130\\n2017|Academic Press|Neural Data Science: A Primer with MATLAB and Python|Nylen, Erik Lee and Wallisch, Pascal|9780128040430\\n2015|Cengage Learning|MATLAB Programming for Engineers|Chapman, Stephen J.|9781305445369\\n2014|Apress|MATLAB Optimization Techniques|Lopez, Cesar|9781484202920\\n2012-01-01T00:00:01Z|CL-Engineering|MATLAB Programming with Applications for Engineers|Stephen J. Chapman|9780495668077\\n2019|Apress|Beginning MATLAB and Simulink: From Novice to Professional|Eshkabilov, Sulaymon|9781484250617\\n2019-09-30T00:00:01Z|SDC Publications|Programming and Engineering Computing with MATLAB 2019|Huei-Huang Lee|9781630572976\\n2017|Cengage Learning|Essentials of MATLAB Programming|Chapman, Stephen J.|9781337515368\\n2001|Academic Press|A Matlab Companion for Multivariable Calculus|Cooper, Jeffery|9780121876258\\n2020|BPB Publications|Fundamental Concepts of MATLAB Programming: From Learning the Basics to Solving a Problem with MATLAB (English Edition)|Bakariya, Dr. Brijesh and Parmar, Dr. Kulwinder Singh|9789389845822\\n2009|Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics|Insight Through Computing: A MATLAB Introduction to Computational Science and Engineering|Van Loan, Charles F. and Fan, K.-Y. 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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2016|Artima Press|Programming in Scala: Updated for Scala 2.12|Odersky, Martin and Spoon, Lex and Venners, Bill|9780981531687\\n2014|Manning Publications|Functional Programming in Scala|Paul Chiusano and Rúnar Bjarnason|9781617290657\\n2012|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Introduction to the Art of Programming Using Scala (Chapman & Hall/CRC Textbooks in Computing)|Lewis, Mark C.|9781439896662\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Scala High Performance Programming|Theron, Vincent and Diamant, Michael|9781786466044\\n2013|O'Reilly Media|Scala Cookbook: Recipes for Object-Oriented and Functional Programming|Alexander, Alvin|9781449339616\\n2020|Artima Inc|Programming in Scala|Martin Odersky and Spoon, Lex and Venners, Bill|9780981531618\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Scala Functional Programming Patterns|S.Khot, Atul|9781783985845\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Scala for Data Science: Leverage the power of Scala with different tools to build scalable, robust data science applications|Bugnion, Pascal|9781785281372\\n2013|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Functional Programming Patterns in Scala and Clojure: Write Lean Programs for the JVM|Bevilacqua-Linn, Michael|9781937785475\\n2009|Apress|Beginning Scala (Expert's Voice in Open Source)|Pollak, David|9781430219897\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Scala Reactive Programming: Build scalable, functional reactive microservices with Akka, Play, and Lagom|Posa, Rambabu|9781787288645\\n20091001|Springer Nature|Beginning Scala|David Pollak|9781430219903\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Learning Concurrent Programming in Scala|Prokopec, Aleksandar|9781783281411\\n20141204|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming Scala|Dean Wampler|9781491950166\\n20171017|Springer Nature|Programming with Scala|Bhim P. Upadhyaya|9783319693682\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Scala and Spark for Big Data Analytics: Explore the concepts of functional programming, data streaming, and machine learning|Karim, Md. Rezaul and Alla, Sridhar|9781783550500\\n2021|Artima Press|Programming in Scala Fifth Edition|Odersky and Martin and Spoon and Lex and Venners and Bill and Sommers and Frank|9780997148008\\n2016|Addison-Wesley Professional|Scala for the Impatient|S., Horstmann Cay|9780134540658\\n2014|Manning|Functional Programming in Scala|Chiusano , Paul and Bjarnason, Runar|9781638353959\\n2021|O'Reilly Media|Scala Cookbook: Recipes for Object-Oriented and Functional Programming|Alexander, Alvin|9781492051541\\n2020|Li Haoyi|Hands-on Scala Programming: Learn Scala in a Practical, Project-Based Way|Li, Haoyi|9789811456930\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Scala for Machine Learning|Nicolas,  Patrick R.|9781783558759\\n2012|Addison-Wesley Professional|Scala for the Impatient|S., Horstmann Cay|9780132761802\\n2010|Addison-Wesley Professional|Scala for the Impatient|Horstmann, Cay|9780321774095\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Data Analysis with Scala: Perform data collection, processing, manipulation, and visualization with Scala|Gupta, Rajesh|9781789346114\\n2018-05-24T00:00:01Z|Independently published|100+ Frequently Asked Interview Questions & Answers In Scala: Scala Programming (Interview Q & A Series)|Ojha, Bandana|9781982987701\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Scala Design Patterns: Design modular, clean, and scalable applications by applying proven design patterns in Scala, 2nd Edition|Nikolov, Ivan|9781788472098\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Learning Concurrent Programming in Scala|Prokopec,  Aleksandar|9781783281428\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Data Analysis with Scala: Perform data collection, processing, manipulation, and visualization with Scala|Gupta, Rajesh|9781789344264\\n2017|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Object-Orientation, Abstraction, and Data Structures Using Scala (Chapman & Hall/CRC Textbooks in Computing)|Lewis, Mark C. and Lacher, Lisa L.|9781498732178\\n2021|Manning Publications|Get Programming with Scala|Sfregola, Daniela|9781617295270\\n2016|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Introduction to Programming and Problem-Solving Using Scala (Chapman & Hall/CRC Textbooks in Computing Book 19)|Lewis, Mark C. and Lacher, Lisa|9781498730952\\n2013|Manning Publications|Scala in Action: Covers Scala 2.10|Nilanjan Raychaudhuri|9781935182757\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Learning Concurrent Programming in Scala - Second Edition|Prokopec, Aleksandar|9781786466891\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Scala High Performance Programming|Theron, Vincent and Diamant, Michael|9781786467089\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Scala Design Patterns|Nikolov, Ivan|9781785882029\\n2019-07-06T00:00:01Z|Apress|Scala Programming for Big Data Analytics: Get Started With Big Data Analytics Using Apache Spark|Elahi, Irfan|9781484248096\\n2015|Apress|Beginning Scala|Layka, Vishal and Pollak, David|9781484202326\\n2020-02-11T00:00:01Z|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Modern Systems Programming with Scala Native: Write Lean, High-Performance Code without the JVM|Whaling, Richard|9781680506228\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Scala Data Analysis Cookbook|Manivannan, Arun|9781784394998\\n2015|Packt Publishing|RESTful Web Services with Scala|Dirksen, Jos|9781785283499\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Scala Design Patterns|Nikolov, Ivan|9781785882500\\n2016|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Introduction to Programming and Problem-Solving Using Scala (Chapman & Hall/CRC Textbooks in Computing Book 19)|Lewis, Mark C. and Lacher, Lisa|9781498730969\\n2017-07-25T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Scala and Spark for Big Data Analytics: Explore the concepts of functional programming, data streaming, and machine learning|Karim, Md. Rezaul and Alla, Sridhar|9781785280849\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Learn Scala Programming: A comprehensive guide covering functional and reactive programming with Scala 2.13, Akka, and Lagom|Schmidt, Slava|9781788830997\\n2016|Wrox|Professional Scala|Bogucki, Janek and Lacava, Alessandro and Bedrytski, Aliaksandr and de Detrich, Matthew and Neil, Benjamin|9781119267263\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Building a Recommendation Engine with Scala|Ansari, Saleem|9781785282584\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Scala for Machine Learning|Nicolas, Patrick R.|9781783558742\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Scala Programming Projects: Build real world projects using popular Scala frameworks like Play, Akka, and Spark|Valot, Mikael and Jorand, Nicolas|9781788397643\\n2014|Packt Publishing|Scala for Java Developers|Alexandre, Thomas|9781783283637\\n2018|Apress|Practical Apache Spark: Using the Scala API|Chellappan, Subhashini and Ganesan, Dharanitharan|9781484236529\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Mastering Functional Programming: Functional techniques for sequential and parallel programming with Scala|Kmetiuk, Anatolii|9781788620796\\n2018-10-31T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Learn Scala Programming: A comprehensive guide covering functional and reactive programming with Scala 2.13, Akka, and Lagom|Schmidt, Slava|9781788836302\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Mastering Scala Machine Learning|Kozlov, Alex|9781785880889\\n2012|Artima Inc|Actors in Scala|Haller, Philipp and Sommers, Frank|9780981531656\\n2017|Apress|Practical Scala DSLs: Real-World Applications Using Domain Specific Languages|Riti, Pierluigi|9781484230367\\n2016-10-16T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Scala programming: Learn Scala Programming FAST and EASY! (Programming is Easy) (Volume 11)|Gimson, Matthew|9781539510796\\n2013T||Atomic Scala - learn programming in the language of the future|Bruce Eckel, Dianne Marsh|9780981872513\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Scientific Computing with Scala|Jancauskas, Vytautas|9781785886942\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Modern Scala Projects: Leverage the power of Scala for building data-driven and high-performant projects|Gurusamy, Ilango|9781788624114\\n2013|Springer|Scala Design Patterns: Patterns for Practical Reuse and Design|Hunt, John|9783319021911\\n2015|Packt Publishing|RESTful Web Services with Scala|Dirksen, Jos|9781785289408\\n2013|Springer|Scala Design Patterns: Patterns for Practical Reuse and Design|Hunt, John|9783319021928\\n2018-01-30T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Learning Scala Programming: Object-oriented programming meets functional reactive to create Scalable and Concurrent programs|Sharma, Vikash|9781788392822\\n2016-02-29|Packt Publishing - ebooks Account|Reactive Programming with Scala and Akka|Prasanna Kumar Sathyanarayanan|9781783984343\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Scala programming: Learning Scala fast!|Archer, Ralph|9781518888489\\n2017-09-18T00:00:01Z|Independently published|XML Processing with Scala (Programming with Scala)|Upadhyaya, Bhim|9781549772054\\n2017-05-29T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|A taste of Functional Programming in Scala|Mandal, Malay|9781547018949\\n2013|O'Reilly Media|Lift Cookbook: Recipes from the Community for Building Web Applications with Scala|Dallaway, Richard|9781449362683\\n2017-07-27T00:00:01Z|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Introduction to the Art of Programming Using Scala|Lewis, Mark C.|9781138460836\\n2015|Dreamtech Press India|Functional Programming In Scala|Chiusano Bjarnason|9789351197638\\n2016|Machinery Industry Press|Scala programming combat(Chinese Edition)|Alvin Alexander ZHU|9787111526865\\n2015|Createspace|Learn Scala For Java Developers|Toby Weston|9781508734178\\n20200123|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Modern Systems Programming with Scala Native|Richard Whaling|9781680507492\\n2015|Apress|Concurrent Application Development Using Akka With Scala|Meetu Maltiar and Vikas Hazrati|9781430258964\\n|Electronic Industry Press|Scala Programming (4th Edition) (by The Blog Post)(chinese Edition)|[ De ] Martin Odersky ( Ma Ding · Ao De Si Ji ) , Lex Spoon ( Lai Si · Peng ) , Bill Venners ( Bi Er · Wen Na Si ) , Gao Yu Xiang Yi|9787121402722\\n20130801|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Scala Cookbook|Alvin Alexander|9781449340322\\n20090915|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming Scala|Dean Wampler; Alex Payne|9781449379261\\n2017-09-19|Packt Publishing|Scala Microservices|Jatin Puri and Selvam Palanimalai|9781786460134\\n||Professional Scala|Nimish Narang|9781789531190\\n20141204|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming Scala|Dean Wampler; Alex Payne|9781491950159\\n20210810|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Scala Cookbook|Alvin Alexander|9781492051497\\n20141211|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Scala|Jason Swartz|9781449368845\\n20130801|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Scala Cookbook|Alvin Alexander|9781449340339\\n20210526|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming Scala|Dean Wampler|9781492077848\\n31-07-2018|Packt Publishing|Professional Scala|Mads Hartmann; Ruslan Shevchenko|9781789534702\\n20141211|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Scala|Jason Swartz|9781449368838\\n20131003|Simon & Schuster|Play for Scala|Peter Hilton; Erik Bakker|9781638353713\\n20130124|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Testing in Scala|Daniel Hinojosa|9781449360337\\n2010||Scala (programming Language)|Surhone and Lambert M. and Timpledon and Miriam T. and Marseken and Susan F.|9786130925253\\n2016-09-15|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|Concurrency in Scala|Marvin Hansen|9783659946080\\n30-01-2018|Packt Publishing|Learning Scala Programming|Vikash Sharma|9781788391610\\n20120513|Simon & Schuster|Scala in Depth|Josh Suereth|9781638352648\\n20130408|Simon & Schuster|Scala in Action|Nilanjan Raychaudhuri|9781638352419\\n20100923|Cambridge University Press|Steps in Scala|Christos K. K. Loverdos; Apostolos Syropoulos|9780511795985\\n28-02-2018|Packt Publishing|Scala Reactive Programming|Rambabu Posa|9781787282872\\n30-07-2018|Packt Publishing|Modern Scala Projects|Ilango gurusamy|9781788625272\\n20220125|Springer Nature|Beginning Scala 3|David Pollak; Vishal Layka; Andres Sacco|9781484274224\\n20130124|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Testing in Scala|Daniel Hinojosa|9781449360344\\n29-09-2018|Packt Publishing|Scala Programming Projects|Mikael Valot; Nicolas Jorand|9781788395342\\n2020||Practical Fp In Scala|Gabriel Volpe|9781714556793\\n20171212|Springer Nature|Scala for Java Developers|Toby Weston|9781484231081\\n20211005|Simon & Schuster|Get Programming with Scala|Daniela Sfregola|9781638352259\\n2016-12-08|Packt Publishing|Building Applications with Scala|Diego Pacheco|9781786461681\\n27-04-2016|Packt Publishing|Scientific Computing with Scala|Vytautas Jancauskas|9781785887475\\n28-01-2016|Packt Publishing|Scala for Data Science|Pascal Bugnion|9781785289385\\n28-06-2016|Packt Publishing|Mastering Scala Machine Learning|Alex Kozlov|9781785885266\\n29-12-2015|Packt Publishing|Scala Functional Programming Patterns|Atul S. Khot|9781783985852\\n2016-12-08|Packt Publishing|Building Applications with Scala|Diego Pacheco|9781786461483\\n20140425|Packt Publishing|Scala for Java Developers|Thomas Alexandre|9781783283644\\n31-01-2018|Packt Publishing|Scala Machine Learning Projects|Md. Rezaul Karim|9781788471473\\n2019|Independently Published|Scala Tutorials: Computer Programming Language Scala Tutorials To Learn The Easy Way!|Nitin Kanani|9781678687601\\n2017|O'Reilly Media, Incorporated|Scala For Spark In Production|Alexy Khrabrov and Andy Petrella and Xavier Tordoir|9781491929285\\n2015-11-12|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Scala Programming: Learn Scala Programming Fast And Easy! (programming Is Easy) (volume 11)|Matthew Gimson|9781519203540\\n22-02-2017|Packt Publishing|Learning Concurrent Programming in Scala|Aleksandar Prokopec|9781786462145\\n20150529|Packt Publishing|Mastering Play Framework for Scala|Shiti Saxena|9781783983810\\n26-09-2017|Packt Publishing|Scala for Machine Learning - Second Edition|Patrick R. Nicolas|9781787126206\\n20190226|Springer Nature|Data Structures and Algorithms with Scala|Bhim P. Upadhyaya|9783030125615\\n2016-01-05|Packt Publishing|Building a Recommendation Engine with Scala|Saleem Ansari|9781785282980\\n2016-02-29|Packt Publishing|Reactive Programming with Scala and Akka|Prasanna Kumar Sathyanarayanan|9781783984350\\n20190705|Springer Nature|Scala Programming for Big Data Analytics|Irfan Elahi|9781484248102\\n30-04-2019|Packt Publishing|Machine Learning with Scala Quick Start Guide|Md. Rezaul Karim|9781789345414\\n20160826|CRC Press|Introduction to Programming and Problem-Solving Using Scala|Mark C. Lewis|9781498730976\\n20121105|Taylor & Francis|Introduction to the Art of Programming Using Scala|Mark C. Lewis|9781466558724\\n20170106|Taylor & Francis|Object-Orientation, Abstraction, and Data Structures Using Scala|Mark C. Lewis; Lisa L. Lacher|9781498732192\\n20121105|Taylor & Francis|Introduction to the Art of Programming Using Scala|Mark C. Lewis|9781498759687",
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    "name": "Lua",
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    "creators": "Roberto Ierusalimschy",
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    "blog": "https://www.lua.org/news.html",
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    "country": "Brazil",
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    "jupyterKernel": "https://github.com/scrapinghub/splash/tree/master/splash/kernel",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/LuaLS/lua.tmbundle",
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Chassell|9781882114023\\n2019|Pearson|Lisp (3rd Edition)|Winston, Patrick and Horn, Berthold|9780201083194\\n1990-02-20T00:00:01Z|Springer|LISP, Lore, and Logic: An Algebraic View of LISP Programming, Foundations, and Applications|Stark, W. 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Gabriel|9780262571937\\n1990|Natl Technical Information|Lisp Programming Language Artificial Intelligence Applications:   March 1988-1990||9789993982715\\n|Morgan Kaufman Publishers|Paradigms Of Artificial Intelligence Programming: Case Studies In Common Lisp|Norvig, Peter.|\\n1991|Morgan Kaufmann Pub|Paradigms Of Artificial Intelligence Programming Case Studies In Common Lisp|Peter Norvig|9781558602304\\n1986|Assn For Computing Machinery|Proceedings Of The 1986 Acm Conference On Lisp And Functional Programming|the Association for Computing Machinery and SIGPLAN and SIGACT and SIGART|9780897912006\\n1989|Mit Pr|The Paralation Model Architecture Independent Parallel Programming †Lisp S/w Macintosh|Gary W. Sabot|9780262691284\\n1990|New York : ACM Press, c1990.|Proceedings of the 1990 ACM Conference on LISP and Functional Programming|the Association for Computing Machinery and SIGPLAN and SIGACT and SIGART in cooperation with SIGSAM|9780897913683\\n|New York, N.Y. : ACM Press, c1988.|Proceedings of the 1988 ACM Conference on Lisp and Functional Programming|the Association for Computing Machinery and SIGPLAN and SIGACT and SIGART|9780897912730\\n1995|Springer|Vlisp A Verified Implementation Of Scheme: A Special Issue Of Lisp And Symbolic Computation, An International Journal Vol. 8, Nos. 1 & 2 March 1995|Guttman, Joshua D. and Wand, Mitchell.|9780792395669",
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O'Keefe|9780262150392\\n1984|Springer Berlin Heidelberg|Programming in Prolog|Clocksin, William F.|9783540150114\\n1986|Addison-Wesley|Prolog programming for artificial intelligence (International computer science series)|Bratko, Ivan|9780201142242\\n1989-12-18T00:00:01Z|Springer|An Introduction to Programming in Prolog|Saint-Dizier, Patrick|9780387971445\\n2012-01-26T00:00:01Z|Kendall Hunt Publishing|INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES: PRINCIPLES, C, C++, SCHEME AND PROLOG|CHEN  YINONG and TSAI  WEI-TEK|9780757529740\\n2015-08-26T00:00:01Z|Lulu.com|Prolog Programming Success In A Day|Key, Sam|9781329502369\\n1990|Wiley|Logic, Programming and Prolog|Nilsson, Ulf and Maluszynski, Jan|9780471926252\\n1987|The MIT Press|Concurrent Prolog - Vol. 2: Collected Papers (Logic Programming)||9780262192675\\n1995|Wiley|Logic, Programming and Prolog|Nilsson, Ulf and Maluszynski, Jan|9780471959960\\n1987|Springer|Programming in PROLOG|Clocksin, William F and Clocksin, W F and Mellish, C S|9780387175393\\n1987-12-31T00:00:01Z|Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K|Programming in Prolog|Clocksin, W F|9783540175391\\n1996|Prentice Hall|An Introduction to Logic Programming Through Prolog (Prentice Hall International Series in Computer Science)|Spivey, J. M. and Spivey, Michael|9780135360477\\n1991|Wiley|Prolog for Natural Language Processing|Gal, Annie and Lapalme, Guy and Saint-Dizier, Patrick and Somers, Harold|9780471930129\\n2001|Cengage Learning EMEA|Prolog Programming for Students: With Expert Systems and Artificial Intelligence Topics|Callear, David|9781844801121\\n1999|Springer|Agent-Oriented Programming: From Prolog to Guarded Definite Clauses (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (1630))|Huntbach, Matthew M. and Ringwood, Graem A.|9783540666837\\n1985|Palgrave HE UK|Prolog Programming and Applications (MacMillan Computer Science)|Burnham, W. and Hall, Alex|9780333391594\\n1987|H.W. Sams|Advanced Turbo prolog programming|Shafer, Dan|9780672225734\\n1987|The MIT Press|Concurrent Prolog - Vol. 1: Collected Papers (Volume 1) (Logic Programming)||9780262192668\\n2001|Thomson Learning|Prolog Programming for Students: With Expert Systems and Artificial Intelligence Topics|Callear, David|9780826454966\\n1981|Springer-Verlag|Programming in Prolog|Clocksin, W. F|9780387110462\\n1994|Addison-Wesley|Prolog ++: The Power of Object-Oriented and Logic Programming (International Series in Logic Programming)|Moss, Chris|9780201565072\\n2021|PEARSON INDIA|Prolog : Programming for Artificial Intelligence, 3/e|BRATKO|9788131711347\\n1986|Springer-Verlag Telos|Programming in PROLOG|Clocksin, W. F. and Mellish, C. S.|9780387150116\\n1989|Springer|Prolog Versus You: An Introduction to Logic Programming|Johansson, Anna-Lena and Eriksson-Granskog, Agneta and Edman, Anneli|9783540175773\\n2012|Springer Science & Business Media|Programming In Prolog|W. F. Clocksin and C. S. Mellish|9783642968730\\n1984-01-01T00:00:01Z|Springer Berlin Heidelberg|Programming in Prolog|Clocksin, William F.|9783540110460\\n20121206|Springer Nature|Programming in Prolog|William F. Clocksin; Christopher S. Mellish|9783642554810\\n2011|Springer|Adventure in Prolog (Springer Compass International)|Merritt, Dennis|9781461280071\\n2013|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|Prolog and inductive reasoning: a logic programming language|Alsmail, Kumeel Alsmail|9783659486784\\n1989|Wiley|Prolog Programming|Nigel Ford|9780471921417\\n1987|Longman Higher Education Division (a Pearson Education Company)|Further Programming Prolog|Hepburn|9780745802879\\n20220323|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programmer Passport: Prolog|Bruce Tate|9781680509380\\n1985|Macmillan International Higher Education|Prolog Programming And Applications||9781349079629\\n1985|Wiley|Prolog Programming And Applications|W. D Burnham|9780470202630\\n||Logic Programming With Prolog|Bramer and Max|9781848008410\\n||Introduction To Turbo Prolog|Carl Townsend|9788170291046\\n20040114|CRC Press|Problem Solving With Prolog|John Stobo|9780203168905\\n20140714|Princeton University Press|The Implementation of Prolog|Patrice Boizumault|9781400863440\\n1992-04-01|Mit Pr|Prolog Vlsi Implementations (logic Programming)|Pierluigi Civera|9780262031707\\n2012|Springer-Verlag New York, LLC|Building Expert Systems in Prolog|Dennis Merritt|9781461389132\\n1988|Tab Books|Turbo Prolog Advanced Programming Techniques|Safaa H Hashim|9780830693085\\n1988|Prentice Hall|Introduction To Programming In Prolog|Danny Crookes|9780137101481\\n|John Wiley & Sons|PROLOG for Natural Language Processing||9780471930891\\n1988|Prentice Hall|Expert Systems Programming In Turbo Prolog|Daniel H. Marcellus|9780132958417\\n2012|Springer Science & Business Media|An Introduction To Programming In Prolog|Patrick Saint-Dizier|9781461233329\\n1990|Springer-verlag Berlin And Heidelberg Gmbh & Co. K|An Introduction To Programming In Prolog|Patrick Saint-dizier|9783540971443\\n1990|Mit Pr|Prolog And It's Applications (logic Programming Series)||9780262521512\\n1990|Pearson Higher Education|Logic Programming: Prolog And Stream Parallel Languages|Jan Newmarch|9780724807000\\n1986|Addison-wesley Professional|Logic Programming: Prolog Its Appl Vid Pkg|Kowalski|9780201145045\\n1996|Mcgraw Hill Higher Education|Programming Languages: Paradigm And Practice: Prolog Minimanual|Appleby|9780070053199\\n1988|Sigma Press|Prolog Through Examples: A Practical Programming Guide|I. Kononenko and N. Lavrac|9781850580720\\n1991|Mcgraw Hill Higher Education|Programming Languages: Paradigm And Practice: Prolog Mini-manual|J.k|9780070025790\\n1990|Alfred Waller Ltd|Prolog Programming: A Tutorial Introduction (artificial Intelligence Texts)|Carlton Mcdonald and Masoud Yazdani|9780632012466\\n20160701|Taylor & Francis|An Introduction to Natural Language Processing Through Prolog|Clive Matthews|9781317898337\\n1987|Prentice Hall Europe (a Pearson Education Company)|Hepburn: Further Programming In Prolog - Writing Application Programs (cloth)|Philip Henry Hepburn|9780745801735\\n1994|Open University Worldwide|Programming And Programming Languages: Prolog V. 2 (course M353)||9780749247966\\n2015-06-29|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|A Quick Guide To An Introduction to Expert System Using PROLOG|Alemu Kumilachew Tegegnie and Adane Nega Tarekegn|9783659749155\\n|Wiley|Techniques Of Prolog Programming: With Implementation Of Logical Negation And Quantified Goals|Van Le, T.|\\n1988|Prentice Hall|Introduction To Programming In Prolog (prentice Hall International Series In Computer Science)|Danny Crookes|9780137101467\\n1992|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Techniques Of Prolog Programming With Implementation Of Logical Negation And Quantified Goals Software||9780471591085\\n1993|John Wiley And Sons Ltd|The Techniques Of Prolog Programming With Implementation Of Logical Negation And Quantified Goals|T. Van Le|9780471599708\\n1990|Prentice Hall|Logic Programming: Prolog And Stream Parallel Languages (prentice Hall Advances In Computer Science Series)|J. D. Newmarch|9780135398425",
    "githubLanguage": "Prolog",
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    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nPROLOG: Programming for Artificial Intelligence|1986|Ivan Bratko|2059933|3.75|166|4\\nProgramming in PROLOG: Using the ISO Standard|1981|William F. Clocksin|1601676|3.57|83|4\\nThe Art of Prolog: Advanced Programming Techniques|1994|Leon Sterling|2365132|3.91|22|2\\nThe Art Of Prolog: Advanced Programming Techniques|1986|Leon Sterling|1710377|3.79|43|2\\nLogic Programming with PROLOG|2005|Max Bramer|2069010|3.56|16|0"
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    "id": "sas",
    "name": "SAS",
    "appeared": 1976,
    "creators": "Anthony James Barr",
    "measurements": 43,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.sas.com",
    "foundationScore": 8,
    "releaseNotes": "https://support.sas.com/software/updates/index.html",
    "latestVersion": "9.4",
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    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 25346,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 10,
    "inboundLinks": "bazel beef eiffel flow9 gap hhvm jsl pov-ray-sdl racket tea-pl",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 1240,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 1350,
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "sas",
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    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.sas",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "s/Sas.sas",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 142,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2010,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 3,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 14,
    "standsFor": "Statistical Analysis System",
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    "tiobe_currentRank": 21,
    "domainName_registered": 1990,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1976,
    "wikipedia_related": "html linux",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The SAS language is a computer programming language used for statistical analysis, created by Anthony James Barr at North Carolina State University. It can read in data from common spreadsheets and databases and output the results of statistical analyses in tables, graphs, and as RTF, HTML and PDF documents. The SAS language runs under compilers that can be used on Microsoft Windows, Linux, and various other UNIX and  mainframe computers. The SAS System and World Programming System (WPS) are SAS language compilers.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 151,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 50,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 92,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 19060492,
    "lab": "North Carolina State University",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "sas",
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    "clocExtensions": "sas",
    "docs": "https://support.sas.com/en/documentation.html",
    "faq": "https://www.sas.com/en_us/certification/faq.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 8860,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:SAS",
    "country": "United States",
    "projectEuler": "SAS",
    "helloWorldCollection": "/* Hello world in SAS */  * Writes as output title; TITLE \"Hello World!\"; * writes to the log; data _null_;     PUT \"Hello world!\"; run;",
    "leachim6_example": "%macro putit( string= );      %put &string;      %mend;  %putit(string=Hello World) ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "/* Example DATA step code for linguist */  libname source 'C:\\path\\to\\file'  data work.working_copy;  set source.original_file.sas7bdat; run;  data work.working_copy;  set work.working_copy;  if Purge = 1 then delete; run;  data work.working_copy;  set work.working_copy;  if ImportantVariable = . then MissingFlag = 1; run;",
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    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/sas",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/sassoftware",
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    "lineCommentToken": "*",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "hasCaseInsensitiveIdentifiers": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "jupyterKernel": "https://github.com/sassoftware/sas_kernel",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAS_language",
    "bookCount": 96,
    "paperCount": 10,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=733",
    "tiobe": "SAS",
    "domainName": "sas.com",
    "githubBigQuery": "SAS",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/rpardee/sas.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2005|Pearson|Applied Statistics and the SAS Programming Language|Cody, Ron and Smith, Jeffrey|9780131465329\\n1995|Duxbury Press|Quick Start to Data Analysis with SAS|DiIorio, Frank and Hardy, Kenneth A.|9780534237608\\n2009|Duxbury Press|Learning SAS in the Computer Lab (Advanced (Cengage Learning))|Elliott, Rebecca J. and Morrell, Christopher H.|9780495559689\\n2014|SAS Institute|SAS Macro Programming Made Easy, Third Edition|Burlew, Michele M.|9781612906935\\n2008|Springer|SAS for Data Analysis: Intermediate Statistical Methods (Statistics and Computing)|Marasinghe, Mervyn G. and Kennedy, William J.|9780387773711\\n2011|SAS Institute|SAS Certification Prep Guide: Advanced Programming for SAS 9, Third Edition|SAS Institute|9781607649250\\n2007|SAS Publishing|SAS Certification Prep Guide: Advanced Programming for SAS 9|SAS Publishing|9781599945590\\n2013||SAS Programming 2: Data Manipulation Techniques|Davetta Dunlap|9781612905280\\n|Sas Institute|SAS programming with Medicare administrative data|Gillingham, Matthew (author.)|9781612903224\\n1996|SAS Institute|The SAS Workbook|Cody|9781555447571\\n2012|Sas Institute|The Little Sas Book|Lora D. Delwiche and Susan J. Slaughter|9781629590134\\n2008|SAS Institute|Stock Market Analysis Using the SAS System: Portfolio Selection and Evaluation|Institute, SAS|9781555446239\\n1991|Appleton & Lange|Applied Statistics and the Sas Programming Language|Cody, Ronald P. and Smith Jeffrey K. and Smith, Jeffrey K.|9780135005545\\n2000|Sas Inst|Introduction To Programming Concepts Using Sas Software Course Notes|Unknown|9781580256513\\n20180905|SAS Institute Inc.|SAS Certification Prep Guide|Frank Voehl; H. James Harrington; Rick Fernandez; Brett Trusko|9781635269918\\n2007|Wiley-interscience|Sas 9 Study Guide: Preparing For The Base Programming Certification Exam For Sas 9|Ali Hezaveh|9780470164983\\n1997|Duxbury Resource Center|Sas Applications Programming: A Gentle Introduction|Frank C. Diiorio|9780534499709\\n2000|Sas Inst|Sas Programming I: Essentials Course Notes|SAS institute|9781580256490\\n2007|SAS Institute|SAS Graphics for Java: Examples Using SAS AppDev Studio and the Output Delivery System (SAS Press)|Wendy Bohnenkamp and Jackie Iverson|9781590476932\\n2020|Routledge|SAS Programming for Elementary Statistics|Goad, Carla L.|9781138589025\\n20190211|SAS Institute Inc.|SAS Certified Specialist Prep Guide|Lori M. Poloni-Staudinger; Michael R. Wolf|9781642951769\\n2021|SPSS Inc.|SPSS Programming and Data Management: A Guide for SPSS and SAS Users, 3rd Edition|Raynald Levesque and SPSS Inc.|9781568273747\\n2006|SAS Institute,|SAS Programming 1: Essentials: Course Notes|SAS|9781599947334\\n2004|Sas Institute|Sas 9.1 Sql Procedure User's Guide|Inc Sas Institute and Sas Institute|9781590473344\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Mastering SAS Programming for Data Warehousing: An advanced programming guide to designing and managing Data Warehouses using SAS|Wahi, Monika|9781789532371\\n2008|SAS Institute|An Array of Challenges Test Your SAS Skills|Virgile, Robert|9781555448066\\n2011|Springer|R for SAS and SPSS Users (Statistics and Computing)|Muenchen, Robert A.|9781461406853\\n1994|Springer|Static Analysis: First International Static Analysis Symposium, SAS '94, Namur, Belgium, September 28 - 30, 1994. Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 864)||9783540584858\\n20201207|SAS Institute Inc.|SAS Visual Analytics for SAS Viya|SAS Institute Inc.|9781952365102\\n2000|Breakfast Communications Corp|Professional SAS Programming Logic|Aster, Rick|9781891957055\\n1991|Pws-kent Publishing Co, Us|Sas Applications Programming: A Gentle Introduction|Frank C Diiorio|9780534984649\\n2000|SAS Institute,|SAS SQL Procedure User's Guide,Version 8|SAS Institute Staff and Publishing SAS Publishing and SAS Publishing|9781580255998\\n2012|SAS Institute|SAS Hash Object Programming Made Easy|Burlew, Michele M.|9781607648017\\n20201125|SAS Institute Inc.|SAS Graphics for Clinical Trials by Example|Kriss Harris; Richann Watson|9781952365973\\n20200626|SAS Institute Inc.|End-to-End Data Science with SAS|James Gearheart|9781642958065\\n20170106|SAS Institute Inc.|Step-by-Step Programming with Base SAS 9.4|SAS Institute|9781629608068\\n2005|Sas|Sas Programming Iii: Advanced Techniques Instructor-based Training|Sas|9781590478349\\n2013|SAS Institute|PROC REPORT by Example: Techniques for Building Professional Reports Using SAS|Fine, Lisa|9781612907840\\n2018|Vibrant Publishers|Sas Interview Questions You'll Most Likely Be Asked (job Interview Questions Series)|Publishers, Vibrant|9781949395129\\n2019-02-11T00:00:01Z|SAS Institute|SAS Certified Specialist Prep Guide: Base Programming Using SAS 9.4||9781642951790\\n2008|SAGE Publications, Inc|Data Analysis Using SAS|Peng, Chao-Ying Joanne|9781412956741\\n2012|Springer|SAS for Epidemiologists: Applications and Methods|DiMaggio, Charles|9781461448549\\n2007|SAS Institute|Learning SAS by Example: A Programmer's Guide|Cody, Ron|9781599941653\\n2015|SAS Institute|Statistical Programming in SAS|Bailer, John|9781599946566\\n2015-09-04T00:00:01Z|SAS Institute|SAS Certification Prep Guide: Base Programming for SAS 9, Third Edition||9781607649243\\n2017-12-01T00:00:01Z|SAS Institute|SAS Certification Prep Guide: Base Programming for SAS 9, Fourth Edition|Institute, SAS|9781635263732\\n2014|Notion Press|SAS Clinical Programming: In 18 Easy Steps|Prasad, Y. Lakshmi|9789384381639\\n2019-10-16T00:00:01Z|SAS Institute|SAS Certified Professional Prep Guide: Advanced Programming Using SAS 9.4||9781642954678\\n2017|SAS Institute|Practical and Efficient SAS Programming: The Insider's Guide|Messineo, Martha|9781635260236\\n2014-03-01T00:00:01Z|SAS Institute|SAS Programming in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Second Edition|Shostak, Jack|9781612906041\\n2019|SAS Institute|SAS Certified Professional Prep Guide: Advanced Programming Using SAS 9.4|Sas and Sas Institute|9781642956917\\n2011|Springer|R for SAS and SPSS Users (Statistics and Computing)|Muenchen, Robert A.|9781461406846\\n2019-02-11T00:00:01Z|SAS Institute|SAS Certified Specialist Prep Guide: Base Programming Using SAS 9.4||9781642951905\\n2010|SAGE Publications Ltd|Discovering Statistics Using SAS|Field, Andy and Miles, Jeremy|9781849200929\\n2008|SAS Institute|SAS Programming 2: Data Manipulation Techniques Course Notes|SAS|9781607642381\\n2014|SAS Institute|Multiple Imputation of Missing Data Using SAS|Berglund, Patricia and Heeringa, Steven G.|9781612904528\\n2015|SAS Institute|SAS Certification Prep Guide: Advanced Programming for SAS9, Fourth Edition||9781629593548\\n2009|Jossey-Bass|SAS Essentials: A Guide to Mastering SAS for Research|Elliott, Alan C. and Woodward, Wayne A.|9780470461297\\n2019|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Statistical Programming in SAS|Bailer, A. John|9780367358006\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Big Data Analytics with SAS: Get actionable insights from your Big Data using the power of SAS|Pope, David|9781788294317\\n2001|Psychology Press|Conducting Meta-Analysis Using SAS (Multivariate Applications Series)|Winfred Arthur Jr. and Winston Bennett Jr. and Allen I. Huffcutt|9780805838091\\n2015-06-04T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Beginning SAS Programming: a true beginner's guide for learning SAS|Guo, Yufeng|9781514218990\\n1997|Prentice Hall|Applied Statistics and the SAS Programming Language|Cody, Ronald P. and Smith, Jeffrey K.|9780137436422\\n2009|SAS Publishing|SAS Certification Prep Guide SAS Certification Prep Guide: Advanced Programming for SAS 9, Second Edition|SAS Publishing|9781607640448\\n2012|SAS Institute|Cody's Collection of Popular SAS Programming Tasks and How to Tackle Them|Cody, Ron|9781612903330\\n2011|Breakfast Communications Corporation|Professional SAS Programmer's Pocket Reference|Rick Aster|9781891957185\\n2019|Routledge|Statistical Programming in SAS|Bailer, A. John|9780367357979\\n2005-09T|SAS Publishing|SAS Programming in the Pharmaceutical Industry|Jack Shostak|9781590477939\\n2010-08-25T00:00:01Z|SAS Institute|SAS Programming for Enterprise Guide Users, Second Edition|Constable, Neil|9781607645283\\n2018|SAS Institute|SAS Programming in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Second Edition|Shostak, Jack|9781635269147\\n1995|SAS Publishing|SAS Programming by Example|Ronald P. Cody and Ray Pass|9781555446819\\n2009|SAS Publishing|SAS Certification Prep Guide: Base Programming for SAS 9, Second Edition|SAS Publishing|9781607640455\\n2017|SAS Institute|Step-by-Step Programming with Base SAS 9.4, Second Edition||9781629598949\\n2012|Wiley|Using SAS for Principles of Econometrics, 4th Edition|Hill, R. Carter|9781118361726\\n2012|SAS Institute|Data Quality for Analytics Using SAS|Svolba, Gerhard|9781612902272\\n2006|SAS Publishing|SAS Macro Programming Made Easy, Second Edition|Michele M. 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L. and Braselton, James P.|9780123743183\\n2008|Academic Press|A Physicist's Guide to Mathematica|Tam, Patrick T.|9780126831924\\n2004|Springer|The Mathematica GuideBook for Programming|Trott, Michael|9780387942827\\n2011|Academic Press|A Physicist's Guide to Mathematica|Tam, Patrick T.|9780080926247\\n2001|Birkhäuser|Nonlinear Physics with Mathematica for Scientists and Engineers|Enns, Richard H. and McGuire, George C.|9780817642235\\n2005|Springer|The Mathematica GuideBook for Numerics|Trott, Michael|9780387950112\\n2007|Springer|The Mathematica GuideBook for Symbolics|Trott, Michael|9780387288154\\n2002|Academic Press|Mathematica for Microeconomics|Stinespring, John Robert|9780126709612\\n2005|Springer|The Mathematica GuideBook for Symbolics (w/ DVD)|Trott, Michael|9780387950204\\n2016|Wiley|Micromechanics with Mathematica|Nomura, Seiichi|9781118385708\\n2019|Springer|Using Mathematica for Quantum Mechanics: A Student’s Manual|Schmied, Roman|9789811375873\\n2009|Cambridge University Press|The Student's Introduction to MATHEMATICA ®: A Handbook for Precalculus, Calculus, and Linear Algebra|Torrence, Bruce F. and Torrence, Eve A.|9780521717892\\n1991|Addison-Wesley|Programming in Mathematica (2nd Edition)|Maeder, Roman E.|9780201548785\\n1994|Springer|Mathematica Graphics: Techniques & Applications|Wickham-Jones, Tom|9780387940472\\n2004|Springer|Computational Geosciences with Mathematica|Haneberg, William|9783540402459\\n1989|Addison-Wesley|Programming in Mathematica|Maeder, Roman E.|9780201510027\\n1991-04-01T00:00:01Z|Addison-Wesley|A Programming in Mathematica (2nd Edition)|Maeder, Roman E.|9780201548778\\n1998|Academic Press|Mathematica Navigator: Graphics and Methods of Applied Mathematics|Ruskeepaa, Heikki|9780126036404\\n2014|Springer|The Mathematica GuideBook for Programming|Trott, Michael|9781461264217\\n2002|Academic Press|Computing with Mathematica|Hoft, Margret H. and Hoft, Hartmut F.W.|9780123516664\\n2005|Wiley|Getting Started with Mathematica|Cheung, C-K. and Keough, G. E. and Landraitis, Charles and Gross, R.|9780471478157\\n1994|Birkhäuser|Mathematica as a Tool: An introduction with practical examples|Kaufmann, Stephan|9783764350314\\n2001|Cambridge University Press|MathLink ® Hardback with CD-ROM: Network Programming with MATHEMATICA ®|Miyaji, Chikara|9780521641722\\n1996|Wolfram Media/Cambridge|The Mathematica Book|Wolfram, Stephen|9780965053211\\n1994|Birkhauser|Mathematica As a Tool: An Introduction With Practical Examples|Kaufmann, Stephan|9780817650315\\n1999|Wolfram Media Inc|The Mathematica Book|Wolfram, Stephen|9781579550042\\n2020|Springer|Using Mathematica For Quantum Mechanics|Roman Schmied|9789811375903\\n2018|Science Press|WOLFRAM MATHEMATICA Practical Programming Guide(Chinese Edition)|[ MEI ] KE LI FU · HEI SI TING SI DENG ZHU|9787030580641\\n2014|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|Approximation and Antenna and Filter Synthesis: Some Moduli in Programming Environment MATHEMATICA|Kyurkchiev, Nikolay and Andreev, Andrey|9783659533228\\n2009|CRC Press|Structural Dynamics of Earthquake Engineering: Theory and Application using Mathematica and Matlab (Woodhead Publishing in Materials)||9781439801321\\n2012|Springer|Intelligent Routines: Solving Mathematical Analysis with Matlab, Mathcad, Mathematica and Maple (Intelligent Systems Reference Library Book 39)|Anastassiou, George A. and Iatan, Iuliana F.|9783642284755\\n20100402|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Mathematica Cookbook|Sal Mangano|9781449390761\\n1996|Addision Wesley Pub.|Programming In Mathematica|Maeder, Roman.|9780201854497\\n20140509|Elsevier S & T|Mathematica by Example|Martha L Abell; James P. Braselton|9781483259284\\n24-12-2015|Packt Publishing|Mathematica Data Analysis|Sergiy Suchok|9781785884450\\n1991|New York : W.H. Freeman, c1991.|Mathematica in action|Wagon and Stan and S.|9780716722021\\n2003|Crc Press|Modelling Metabolism With Mathematica|Peter Mulquiney and Philip W. Kuchel|9780849314681\\n1995/01/01|London ; New York : c1994.|First steps in Mathematica|Werner Burkhardt|9780387198750\\n2017|de Gruyter GmbH, Walter|Mathematica Und Wolfram Language|Christian H. Weiß|9783110425222\\n2005|Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc, United States|Calculus : Labs for Mathematica|O'Connor|9780763734251\\n20121206|Springer Nature|Computational Geosciences with Mathematica|William Haneberg|9783642185540\\n20160919|Elsevier S & T|Differential Equations with Mathematica|Martha L. Abell; James P. Braselton|9780128047774\\n20030514|Taylor & Francis|Modelling Metabolism with Mathematica|Peter Mulquiney; Philip W. Kuchel|9780203503935\\n20220118|Elsevier S & T|Differential Equations with Mathematica|Martha L. Abell; James P. Braselton|9780323984362\\n20010223|Elsevier S & T|Illustrating Evolutionary Computation with Mathematica|Christian Jacob|9780080508450",
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    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nMathematica: A System for Doing Mathematics by Computer|1988|Stephen Wolfram|448090|3.79|19|0\\nAn Introduction to Programming with Mathematica(r)|2005|Paul R. Wellin|687991|3.67|15|0\\nProgramming in Mathematica|1989|Roman E. Maeder|687997|4.25|12|1"
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    "id": "dart",
    "name": "Dart",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "creators": "Lars Bak",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.dartlang.org",
    "foundationScore": 11,
    "blog": "https://news.dartlang.org/",
    "releaseNotes": "https://dart.dev/guides/whats-new",
    "download": "https://dart.dev/get-dart",
    "latestVersion": "3.4",
    "rank": 37,
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    "pldbScore": 25307,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "inboundLinks": "ace buzz candy flatbuffers flutter mal olc pointless pygments smc wren",
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    "githubBigQuery_users": 3075,
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjects": "author name avatar url language languageColor stars forks currentPeriodStars description\\nlohanidamodar flutter_ui_challenges https://github.com/lohanidamodar.png https://github.com/lohanidamodar/flutter_ui_challenges Dart #00B4AB 913 252 401 \"Trying to replicate various app UIs in flutter\"\\nFilledStacks flutter-tutorials https://github.com/FilledStacks.png https://github.com/FilledStacks/flutter-tutorials Dart #00B4AB 735 217 156 \"The repo contains the source code for all the tutorials on the FilledStacks Youtube channel.\"\\nalibaba flutter-go https://github.com/alibaba.png https://github.com/alibaba/flutter-go Dart #00B4AB 16608 2283 1293 \"flutter 开发者帮助 APP，包含 flutter 常用 140+ 组件的demo 演示与中文文档\"\\nmobxjs mobx.dart https://github.com/mobxjs.png https://github.com/mobxjs/mobx.dart Dart #00B4AB 763 73 95 \"MobX for the Dart language. Hassle-free, reactive state-management for your Dart and Flutter apps.\"\\nflutter flutter https://github.com/flutter.png https://github.com/flutter/flutter Dart #00B4AB 74265 9095 2535 \"Flutter makes it easy and fast to build beautiful mobile apps.\"\\nxuelongqy flutter_easyrefresh https://github.com/xuelongqy.png https://github.com/xuelongqy/flutter_easyrefresh Dart #00B4AB 1101 167 206 \"A widget provided to the flutter scroll component pull-refresh and push-load.\"\\niampawan GDG-DevFest-App https://github.com/iampawan.png https://github.com/iampawan/GDG-DevFest-App Dart #00B4AB 364 91 228 \"An App Template For GDG DevFest\"\\nhuextrat TheGorgeousLogin https://github.com/huextrat.png https://github.com/huextrat/TheGorgeousLogin Dart #00B4AB 834 226 87 \"Login page built with @flutter 😍\"\\nfelangel bloc https://github.com/felangel.png https://github.com/felangel/bloc Dart #00B4AB 2455 446 237 \"A predictable state management library that helps implement the BLoC design pattern\"\\nasjqkkkk flutter-todos https://github.com/asjqkkkk.png https://github.com/asjqkkkk/flutter-todos Dart #00B4AB 692 98 474 \"📝 全面而又精美的Flutter Todo-List app, 除了适合日常使用，作为flutter的实践项目也是超级合适的哟！\"\\nOpenFlutter flutter_screenutil https://github.com/OpenFlutter.png https://github.com/OpenFlutter/flutter_screenutil Dart #00B4AB 1010 106 125 \"Flutter screen adaptation, font adaptation, get screen information\"\\ndevefy Flutter-Story-App-UI https://github.com/devefy.png https://github.com/devefy/Flutter-Story-App-UI Dart #00B4AB 414 148 106\\nleisim hive https://github.com/leisim.png https://github.com/leisim/hive Dart #00B4AB 325 20 154 \"Lightweight and blazing fast key-value database written in pure Dart.\"\\nflutter plugins https://github.com/flutter.png https://github.com/flutter/plugins Dart #00B4AB 7934 3259 534 \"Plugins for Flutter, including FlutterFire, maintained by the Flutter team\"\\nSh1d0w multi_image_picker https://github.com/Sh1d0w.png https://github.com/Sh1d0w/multi_image_picker Dart #00B4AB 410 84 63 \"Flutter plugin that allows you to display multi image picker on iOS and Android. 👌🔝🎉\"\\nmdanics fluttergram https://github.com/mdanics.png https://github.com/mdanics/fluttergram Dart #00B4AB 786 218 46 \"A fully functional Instagram clone written in Flutter using Firebase / Firestore\"\\nflutter samples https://github.com/flutter.png https://github.com/flutter/samples Dart #00B4AB 3985 1004 368 \"A collection of Flutter examples and demos.\"\\nflutter flutter_web https://github.com/flutter.png https://github.com/flutter/flutter_web Dart #00B4AB 4411 299 279 \"Bring your Flutter code to web browsers\"\\nbrianegan flutter_architecture_samples https://github.com/brianegan.png https://github.com/brianegan/flutter_architecture_samples Dart #00B4AB 3791 646 171 \"TodoMVC for Flutter\"\\nmemspace zefyr https://github.com/memspace.png https://github.com/memspace/zefyr Dart #00B4AB 772 137 55 \"Soft and gentle rich text editing for Flutter applications.\"\\nduytq94 flutter-chat-demo https://github.com/duytq94.png https://github.com/duytq94/flutter-chat-demo Dart #00B4AB 413 152 67 \"This is the demo for chat app by Flutter\"\\npeng8350 flutter_pulltorefresh https://github.com/peng8350.png https://github.com/peng8350/flutter_pulltorefresh Dart #00B4AB 748 119 115 \"a widget provided to the flutter scroll component drop-down refresh and pull up load.\"\\ntheyakka fluro https://github.com/theyakka.png https://github.com/theyakka/fluro Dart #00B4AB 1703 148 143 \"Fluro is a Flutter routing library that adds flexible routing options like wildcards, named parameters and clear route definitions.\"\\nMarcioQuimbundo uber_clone https://github.com/MarcioQuimbundo.png https://github.com/MarcioQuimbundo/uber_clone Dart #00B4AB 363 166 36\\npauldemarco flutter_blue https://github.com/pauldemarco.png https://github.com/pauldemarco/flutter_blue Dart #00B4AB 834 288 67 \"Bluetooth plugin for Flutter\"",
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    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "application/dart",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.dart",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "d/Dart.dart",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "javascript.py",
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    "domainName_registered": 2011,
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    "wikipedia_related": "csharp erlang javascript smalltalk strongtalk c android ios eclipse-editor linux sublime-editor emacs-editor vim visual-studio-code-editor algol ruby self coffeescript elm fantom go haxe opa typescript",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Dart is a general-purpose programming language originally developed by Google and later approved as a standard by Ecma (ECMA-408). It is used to build web, server and mobile applications, and for Internet of Things (IoT) devices. It is open-source software under a permissive free software license (modified BSD license). Dart is an object-oriented, class defined, single inheritance language using a C-style syntax that transcompiles optionally into JavaScript. It supports interfaces, mixins, abstract classes, reified generics, optional typing, and a sound type system.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
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    "lab": "Google",
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    "isOpenSource": "true",
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    "exercism": "https://exercism.org/tracks/dart",
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    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#dart",
    "docs": "https://dart.dev/guides",
    "faq": "https://dart.dev/faq",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/dart2",
    "codeMirror": "dart",
    "monaco": "dart",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Dart",
    "packageRepository": "https://pub.dartlang.org/",
    "projectEuler": "Dart",
    "compilerExplorer_example": "// Type your code here, or load an example. int square(int num) {   return num * num; }  int main(List<String> args) {     return square(int.fromEnvironment(\"input\")); } ",
    "leachim6_example": "main() {   print('Hello World'); } ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "import 'dart:math' as math;  class Point {   num x, y;    Point(this.x, this.y);    num distanceTo(Point other) {     var dx = x - other.x;     var dy = y - other.y;     return math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);   } }  void main() {   var p = new Point(2, 3);   var q = new Point(3, 4);   print('distance from p to q = ${p.distanceTo(q)}'); } ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Dart",
    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/dartlang",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/dart",
    "rijuRepl_example": "void main() {   print('Hello, world!'); } ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/dart_lang",
    "wikipedia_example": "// Import the math library to get access to the sqrt function. import 'dart:math' as math;  // Create a class for Point. class Point {    // Final variables cannot be changed once they are assigned.   // Create two instance variables.   final num x, y;    // A constructor, with syntactic sugar for setting instance variables.   Point(this.x, this.y);    // A named constructor with an initializer list.   Point.origin()       : x = 0,         y = 0;    // A method.   num distanceTo(Point other) {     var dx = x - other.x;     var dy = y - other.y;     return math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);   }    // Example of Operator Overloading   Point operator +(Point other) => new Point(x + other.x, y + other.y); }  // All Dart programs start with main(). void main() {   // Instantiate point objects.   var p1 = new Point(10, 10);   var p2 = new Point.origin();   var distance = p1.distanceTo(p2);   print(distance); }",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dart_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 30,
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    "pypl": "Dart",
    "tiobe": "Dart",
    "domainName": "dartlang.org",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Mastering Blockchain Programming with Solidity: Write production-ready smart contracts for Ethereum blockchain with Solidity|Chittoda, Jitendra|9781839218262\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Building Blockchain Projects: Building decentralized Blockchain applications with Ethereum and Solidity|Prusty, Narayan|9781787125339\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Mastering Blockchain Programming with Solidity: Write production-ready smart contracts for Ethereum blockchain with Solidity|Chittoda, Jitendra|9781839218637\\n2018|Apress|Building Games with Ethereum Smart Contracts: Intermediate Projects for Solidity Developers|Iyer, Kedar and Dannen, Chris|9781484234921\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Solidity Programming Essentials: A beginner's guide to build smart contracts for Ethereum and blockchain|Modi, Ritesh|9781788838375\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Ethereum Smart Contract Development: Build blockchain-based decentralized applications using solidity|Mukhopadhyay, Mayukh|9781788472623\\n2020|BPB Publications|Smart Contract Development with Solidity and Ethereum: Building Smart Contracts with the Azure Blockchain (English Edition)|Mittal, Akhil|9789388511919\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Solidity Programming Essentials: A beginner's guide to build smart contracts for Ethereum and blockchain|Modi, Ritesh|9781788831383\\n2022|Apress|Blockchain and Ethereum Smart Contract Solution Development: Dapp Programming with Solidity|Zhang, Weijia and Anand, Tej|9781484281635\\n2018|Independently published|Solidity Programming Language 101: Beginner Guide|Raja, Ismail and Mohamed, Fazith|9781719883405\\n2022|Packt Publishing|Solidity Programming Essentials: A guide to building smart contracts and tokens using the widely used Solidity language, 2nd Edition|Modi, Ritesh|9781803231181\\n2019|O'reilly Media|Hands-on Smart Contract Development With Solidity And Ethereum|Kevin Solorio and Randall Kanna and David H. Hoover|9781492045236\\n2019|Mechanical Industry Press|Solidity Programming: A Beginner's Guide to Building Ethereum and Blockchain Smart Contracts(Chinese Edition)|[ YIN DU ] LI TE SHEN · MO DI ( Ritesh , Modi ) ZHU|9787111616009\\n20220610|Packt Publishing|Solidity Programming Essentials|Ritesh Modi|9781803234793\\n20200831|Springer Nature|Ethereum Smart Contract Development in Solidity|Gavin Zheng; Longxiang Gao; Liqun Huang; Jian Guan|9789811562181\\n20191125|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Hands-On Smart Contract Development with Solidity and Ethereum|Kevin  Solorio; Randall Kanna; David H. Hoover|9781492045212",
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    "name": "COBOL",
    "appeared": 1959,
    "creators": "Howard Bromberg and Norman Discount and Vernon Reeves and Jean E. Sammet and William Selden and Gertrude Tierney and Grace Hopper",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 40,
    "exampleCount": 5,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "COBOL (, an acronym for common business-oriented language) is a compiled English-like computer programming language designed for business use. It is imperative, procedural and, since 2002, object-oriented. COBOL is primarily used in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and governments. COBOL is still widely used in legacy applications deployed on mainframe computers, such as large-scale batch and transaction processing jobs. But due to its declining popularity and the retirement of experienced COBOL programmers, programs are being migrated to new platforms, rewritten in modern languages or replaced with software packages. Most programming in COBOL is now purely to maintain existing applications. COBOL was designed in 1959 by CODASYL and was partly based on previous programming language design work by Grace Hopper, commonly referred to as \"the (grand)mother of COBOL\". It was created as part of a US Department of Defense effort to create a portable programming language for data processing. Intended as a stopgap, the Department of Defense promptly forced computer manufacturers to provide it, resulting in its widespread adoption. It was standardized in 1968 and has since been revised four times. Expansions include support for structured and object-oriented programming. The current standard is ISO/IEC 1989:2014. COBOL has an English-like syntax, which was designed to be self-documenting and highly readable. However, it is verbose and uses over 300 reserved words. In contrast with modern, succinct syntax like y = x;, COBOL has a more English-like syntax (in this case, MOVE x TO y). COBOL code is split into four divisions (identification, environment, data and procedure) containing a rigid hierarchy of sections, paragraphs and sentences. Lacking a large standard library, the standard specifies 43 statements, 87 functions and just one class. Academic computer scientists were generally uninterested in business applications when COBOL was created and were not involved in its design; it was (effectively) designed from the ground up as a computer language for business, with an emphasis on inputs and outputs, whose only data types were numbers and strings of text. COBOL has been criticized throughout its life, however, for its verbosity, design process and poor support for structured programming, which resulted in monolithic and incomprehensible programs.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
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    "lab": "Conference/Committee on Data Systems Languages",
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    "emailList": "https://lists.openmainframeproject.org/g/wg-cobol/subgroups",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/cobol85",
    "codeMirror": "cobol",
    "quineRelay": "Cobol",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:COBOL",
    "ubuntuPackage": "open-cobol",
    "country": "United States",
    "projectEuler": "COBOL",
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    "rijuRepl_example": "IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. PROGRAM-ID. MAIN. PROCEDURE DIVISION.     DISPLAY \"Hello, world!\".     STOP RUN. ",
    "wikipedia_example": "19.52.48 JOB    3  $HASP100 COBUCLG  ON READER1     COBOL BASE TEST     19.52.48 JOB    3  IEF677I WARNING MESSAGE(S) FOR JOB COBUCLG  ISSUED     19.52.48 JOB    3  $HASP373 COBUCLG  STARTED - INIT  1 - CLASS A - SYS BSP1     19.52.48 JOB    3  IEC130I SYSPUNCH DD STATEMENT MISSING     19.52.48 JOB    3  IEC130I SYSLIB   DD STATEMENT MISSING     19.52.48 JOB    3  IEC130I SYSPUNCH DD STATEMENT MISSING     19.52.48 JOB    3  IEFACTRT - Stepname  Procstep  Program   Retcode     19.52.48 JOB    3  COBUCLG    BASETEST  COB       IKFCBL00  RC= 0000     19.52.48 JOB    3  COBUCLG    BASETEST  LKED      IEWL      RC= 0000     19.52.48 JOB    3  +HELLO, WORLD     19.52.48 JOB    3  COBUCLG    BASETEST  GO        PGM=*.DD  RC= 0000     19.52.48 JOB    3  $HASP395 COBUCLG  ENDED",
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    "meetup": "https://www.meetup.com/topics/cobol",
    "rijuRepl_gitRepo": "https://sourceforge.net/p/gnucobol/_list/svn",
    "lineCommentToken": "*>",
    "printToken": "DISPLAY",
    "booleanTokens": "TRUE FALSE",
    "hasSinglePassParser": true,
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasCaseInsensitiveIdentifiers": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFixedPoint": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasStandardLibrary": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": false,
    "hasPointers": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasZeroBasedNumbering": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COBOL",
    "bookCount": 301,
    "paperCount": 20,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=139",
    "pypl": "Cobol",
    "tiobe": "COBOL",
    "githubBigQuery": "COBOL",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://bitbucket.org/bitlang/sublime_cobol",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2005|Wiley|COBOL for the 21st Century|Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert A. and Ley, James P.|9780471722618\\n1999|Wiley|Successful COBOL Upgrades: Highlights and Programming Techniques|Chae, Young and Rogers, Steven|9780471330110\\n1999|Wiley|Structured Cobol Programming: For the Year 2000 and Beyond, 9th Edition|Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert A.|9780471318811\\n1991|Mitchell McGraw-Hill|Modern COBOL programming|Price, Wilson T|9780070510449\\n1998|Wiley|Structured COBOL Programming: Year 2000 Update Version (with Syntax Guide and Disk)|Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert A.|9780471299875\\n1987|McGraw-Hill|Cobol Programming Problems and Solutions|Roy, M.|9780074518656\\n1972|Heinemann Educational|Cobol programming: A complete course in writing Cobol programs|Watters, John|9780435778033\\n1973|Anaheim Pub Co|Introduction to Computer Programming: ANSI Cobol|Shelly, Gary B.|9780882361031\\n1984|South-western Pub. Co|Programming Principles With Cobol I|Don B Medley|9780538104203\\n20041228|Cambridge University Press|COBOL Programmers Swing with Java|E. Reed Doke; Bill C. Hardgrave; Richard A. Johnson|9780511081507\\n1995|Butterworth-Heinemann|Cobol for Students|Parkin, Andrew and Yorke, Richard|9780340645529\\n1987|Fresno, Calif. : M. Murach & Associates, c1986-|Structured ANS COBOL|Mike Murach and Paul Noll|9780911625387\\n1992|Wiley|Micro Focus Workbench: Developing Mainframe COBOL Applications on the PC|Jatich, Alida and Nowak, Phil|9780471556114\\n1996|Wiley|Structured COBOL Programming: With Syntax Guide and Student Program and Data Disk|Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert A.|9780471138860\\n1984|Prentice Hall|Cobol Programming|Peter Abel|9780835908351\\n1981|D.Van Nostrand|Introductory Structured Cobol Programming|Popkin, Gary S.,|9780442231668\\n1997|Cambridge University Press|Object-Oriented COBOL (SIGS: Advances in Object Technology)|Arranga, Edmund C. and Coyle, Frank P.|9780132611404\\n2003|Morgan Kaufmann|From COBOL to OOP (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Software Engineering and Programming)|Knasmüller, Markus|9781558608221\\n1997|Mike Murach & Associates Inc|Structured Cobol Methods: How to Design, Code, and Test Your Programs So They're Easier to Debug, Document, and Maintain|Noll, Paul|9780911625943\\n1986|McGraw-Hill College|Structured Cobol|Philippakis, A. S. and Kazmier, Leonard J.|9780070498099\\n1997|Wiley|An Introduction to Object COBOL|Doke, E. Reed and Hardgrave, Bill C.|9780471183464\\n1992|Mike Murach & Associates Inc|Cics for the Cobol Programmer: An Introductory Course (Pt. 1)|Lowe, Doug|9780911625608\\n2021|CENEAGE LEARNING INDIA PVT LTD|Structured Cobol Programming|Shelly|9788131503829\\n1979|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Introduction To Business Data Processing With Basic, Fortran And Cobol Programming|Donald Keith Caver|9780471030911\\n1971||Fundamentals of COBOL Programming|Carl Feingold|9780697081018\\n1983|W.C. Brown Co|Fundamentals of structured COBOL programming|Feingold, Carl|9780697081735\\n1987|Prentice Hall|Programming Standards And Guidelines: Cobol Edition|Barry K. Nirmal|9780137298235\\n1997|Wiley|Mastering Cobal: Let the PC Teach You COBOL Programming|Woollard, Rex and Bonner, Andrea|9780471159742\\n1976|Watfac|An Introduction To Cobol And Watbol ; A Structured Programming Approach|Cowsan and D. D. ; Dirksen and P. H. ; Graham and J. W.|9780919884038\\n1990|McGraw-Hill|COBOL II: Programming Techniques, Efficiency Considerations, Debugging Techniques (IBM McGraw-Hill Series)|Bookman, Harvey|9780070065338\\n1986|Mike Murach & Associates Inc|How To Evaluate-and Improve-your Cobol Programming Methods: A Guide For Managers|Paul Noll|9780911625288\\n|Geelong, Vic. : Deakin University, 1992.|Cobol Programming|P. A. Crump and R. D. Pearson|9780730013242\\n2010|Equity Press|Cobol Programming Interview Questions: Cobol Job Interview Review Guide|Terry Sanchez-clark|9781933804453\\n1983|Hyperion Books|Methodical Programming in COBOL|Ray Welland|9780273018209\\n1985|Kent Pub Co|Introductory Structured Cobol Programming||9780534231668\\n|Dubuque, Iowa : W.c. Brown Col., C1983.|Fundamentals Of Structured Cobol Programming||9780697081865\\n1994|Course Technology Inc|Using Micro Focus Cobol Workbench|Leona Roen|9780877098140\\n1976|Linnet Books|COBOL programming: An introduction for librarians|Brophy, Peter|9780208015273\\n1991|Thomson Learning|Structured Programming In Cobol (complete Course Texts)|B.j. Holmes|9781870941822\\n1971|Mcgraw-hill|Elementary Cobol Programming;: A Step By Step Approach|Gordon Bitter Davis|9780070157804\\n1997|Wiley|Getting Started With Micro Focus Personal COBOL for Windows|Doke, E. Reed|9780471184904\\n2004|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's Mainframe COBOL|Mike Murach and Anne Prince and Raul Menendez|9781890774240\\n2001|Wiley|Programming In COBOL / 400|Cooper, James and Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert A.|9780471418467\\n1998|Wiley|Advanced COBOL for Structured and Object-Oriented Programming, 3rdEdition|Brown, Gary DeWard|9780471314813\\n2008|Charles River Media|Java for COBOL Programmers (Programming Series)|Byrne, John C.|9781584505655\\n2014|Apress|Beginning COBOL for Programmers|Coughlan, Michael|9781430262541\\n1989|Mike Murach & Associates Inc|Vsam for the Cobol Programmer: Concepts, Cobol, Jcl, Idcams|Lowe, Doug|9780911625455\\n2002|Wiley|COBOL for the 21st Century|Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert A. and Ley, James P.|9780471073215\\n2000|Mike Murach & Associates Inc|Murach's Structured COBOL|Murach, Mike and Prince, Anne and Menendez, Raul|9781890774059\\n1998|Sams Publishing|Sams Teach Yourself COBOL in 24 Hours|Hubbell, Thane|9780768685206\\n1998|Sams Publishing|Sams Teach Yourself COBOL in 24 Hours|Hubbell, Thane|9780672314537\\n1998|Sams|Cobol Unleashed|Wessler, Jon|9780672312540\\n1994-02-02T00:00:01Z|Wiley|Structured COBOL Programming, 7th Edition|Stern, Nancy and Stern, Robert A.|9780471597476\\n1977|Prentice Hall|Cobol Programming: A Structural Approach|Nickerson, Robert C.|9780876261293\\n1999-11-18T00:00:01Z|Course Technology|Structured COBOL Programming, Second Edition (Shelly Cashman Series)|Shelly, Gary B. and Cashman, Thomas J. and Foreman, Roy O.|9780789557032\\n2002|Charles River Media|Java for Cobol Programmers (Programming Series)|Byrne, John C and Cross, Jim|9781584502289\\n1992|Wiley|Advanced ANSI COBOL with Structured Programming: For VS COBOL II and Microsoft Micro Focus COBOL|Brown, Gary DeWard|9780471547860\\n1978T|W. C. Brown Co|Fundamentals of structured COBOL programming|Feingold, Carl|9780697081285\\n1998-03-09T00:00:01Z|Wiley|Structured Cobol Programming|Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert A.|9780471183846\\n1970|John Wiley & Sons|COBOL Programming|Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert A.|9780471823179\\n1994|Wiley|Structured COBOL Programming Seventh Edition with Wiley COBOL Syntax Reference Guide with IBM and VAX Enhancements|Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert A.|9780471008385\\n2002|iUniverse|Structured Programming with COBOL Examples|Parsons, Earl H.|9780595650347\\n2003|Apress|COBOL and Visual Basic on .NET: A Guide for the Reformed Mainframe Programmer|Chris L. Richardson|9781590590485\\n1970|Wiley-Interscience|A guide to COBOL programming|McCracken, Daniel D|9780471582434\\n2008|Pearson Technology Group|C for COBOL Programmers: A Business Approach|Gearing, Jim|9780805316605\\n1991-07-01T00:00:01Z|McGraw-Hill College|Modern Cobol Programming|Price, Wilson T. and Olson, Jack|9780078375279\\n1985-04-01T00:00:01Z|Pearson College Div|Structured Cobol Programming|Grauer, Robert T.|9780138542177\\n2002|iUniverse|Structured Programming with COBOL Examples|Parsons, Earl|9780595250943\\n1995|Course Technology|Structured COBOL Programming (Shelly Cashman Series)|Shelly, Gary B. and Cashman, Thomas J. and Foreman, Roy O.|9780878354863\\n1985T|Anaheim Pub. Co|Structured COBOL|Shelly, Gary B|9780878351978\\n1989-06-01T00:00:01Z|McGraw-Hill Education - Europe|COBOL Programming: Problems and Solutions: Refer to Title When This ISBN Is the Main ISBN|Roy|9780074603185\\n1994|Sams|Teach Yourself Cobol in 21 Days (Sams Teach Yourself)|Budlong, Mo|9780672304699\\n1990|McGraw-Hill Inc.,US|Structured Cobol|Welburn, Tyler and Price, Wilson|9780070691667\\n1976|Wiley|A simplified guide to structured COBOL programming|McCracken, Daniel D|9780471582847\\n1974-06-01T00:00:01Z|Anaheim Pub Co|Advanced ANSI Cobol Disk/Tape Programming Efficiencies (Their ANSI COBOL series)|Shelly, Gary B. and Cashman, Thomas J.|9780882361055\\n1980|Reston Pub. Co|Cobol programming, a structured approach|Abel, Peter|9780835908337\\n1991|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Structured Cobol Programming 6ed||9780471549291\\n1991|Wiley|Structured COBOL Programming, Syntax Guide|Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert A.|9780471540281\\n1991|William C Brown Pub|Fundamentals of Structured Cobol Programming|Feingold, Carl and Wolff, Louis|9780697067227\\n1984|Letts Educational|Structured Programming in Cobol|Holmes, B. J.|9780905435411\\n1988-01-01T00:00:01Z|Harcourt College Pub|Beginning Structured Cobol|Coburn, Edward J.|9780155053700\\n1981|John Wiley & Sons|Beyond Cobol|Brown, Gary|9780471099499\\n2007|STERN/ STERN|Structured Cobol Programming, 8Th Ed|WILEY INDIA and WILEY INDIA and WILEY INDIA|9788126511877\\n1997|Boyd & Fraser Pub. Co.|Comprehensive Structured COBOL|Horn, L. Wayne and Gleason, Gary M. and Horn, Lister Wayne|9780877096214\\n1984|Computing McGraw-Hill|Schaum's Outline of Theory and Problems of Programming With Structured Cobol (Schaum's Outlines)|Newcomer, Lawrence R.|9780070379985\\n1983|Palgrave Macmillan|Mastering COBOL Programming (Macmillan Master Series)|Hutty, R.|9780333343852\\n1977|Winthrop Publishers|High level COBOL programming (Winthrop computer systems series)|Weinberg, Gerald M.; et.al.|9780876263297\\n2001|Wiley|Structured COBOL Programming: Update Version for 2001 - 2002|Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert A.|9780471438656\\n1981-06T|Anaheim Pub Co|Introduction to Computer Programming Structured COBOL|Shelly, Gary B. and Cashman, Thomas J.|9780882362267\\n1977|Wiley|Advanced ANS COBOL with structured programming|Brown, Gary DeWard|9780471106425\\n1985|Wiley|Structured COBOL programming|Stern, Nancy B|9780471871507\\n1975|John Wiley & Sons|COBOL Programming|Stern, Nancy B.|9780471823292\\n1982-10-01T00:00:01Z|Hodder & Stoughton Educational Division|Teach Yourself Computer Programming in COBOL (Teach Yourself)|Fisher, M.|9780340203835\\n1997|Wiley|Structured COBOL programming|Stern, Nancy B|9780471170662\\n1990|Wiley|Structured COBOL Programming|Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert A.|9780471524212\\n1990|Prentice Hall|Professional Programming in Cobol|Johnson, Bruce M. and Ruwe, Marcia|9780137255733\\n2005-09-14T00:00:01Z|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Structured COBOL Programming|Stern, Nancy B.|9780471755395\\n1974|R. D. Irwin|COBOL logic and programming (Irwin-Dorsey information processing series)|McCameron, Fritz A|9780256015812\\n1991-02-01T00:00:01Z|McGraw-Hill College|Modern Cobol Programming/Book and Disk|Price, Wilson T.|9780078375262\\n1971|Holt Rinehart and Winston|American National Standard COBOL Programming|Newell, John C.|9780030863127\\n1977-06-01T00:00:01Z|Anaheim Pub Co|Introduction to Computer Programming: Structured Cobol (With Charts)|Shelly, Gary B.|9780882361116\\n1973|Wiley|Modular programming in COBOL (Business data processing: a Wiley series)|Armstrong, Russell M|9780471033257\\n1972|John Wiley & Sons|COBOL Support Packages: Programming and Productivity AIDS (Chemistry of Functional Groups)|Naftaly, Stanley M.|9780471628408\\n1981|R.D. Irwin|COBOL logic and programming: A structured approach (The Irwin series in information and decision sciences)|McCameron, Fritz A|9780256024838\\n1990|Wiley|VS COBOL II for COBOL Programmers|Sandler, Robert J.|9780471622260\\n19900704|Bloomsbury UK|COBOL 85 Programming|Roger Hutty|9781349208111\\n1979|John Wiley & Sons|Structured COBOL Programming|Stern, Nancy B.|9780471049135\\n19971111|Bloomsbury UK|Mastering COBOL Programming|Roger Hutty; Mary Spence|9781349143276\\n1984|Reston Pub. Co|COBOL programming: A structured approach|Abel, Peter|9780835908085\\n1988|Prentice Hall|Cobol Programming: A Structured Approach|Abel, Peter|9780131392472\\n1990|Krieger Pub Co|Structured Programming With Cobol and Jsp|Thompson, John B.|9780862382452\\n2018|Forgotten Books|American National Standard, Programming Language Cobol (Classic Reprint)|Standards, National Bureau of|9780428621605\\n1977|Winthrop Publishers|COBOL for students: A programming primer (Winthrop computer systems series)|Finkenaur, Robert G|9780876261323\\n19911111|Bloomsbury UK|COBOL|Tony Royce|9781349122387\\n1991|William C Brown Pub|Structured Cobol|Gerard A. Paquette|9780697077639\\n1970|Heinemann Educational|Cobol Programming|Watters, John.|9780435778019\\n1988||Cobol Programming: A Structured Approach|Peter Abel|9780131398900\\n1980/05/08|John Wiley & Sons|Structured COBOL|Ruth Ashley|9780471053620\\n1987|New York : McGraw-Hill, c1987.|Structured COBOL|step approach|9780070157880\\n1998|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Cobol Programming|Nancy B. Stern|9780471315391\\n1983|Mcgraw-hill Education|Cobol Programming|M.k. Roy and D.ghosh Dastidar|9780074518663\\n1982|John Wiley & Sons|Cobol Programming|J.m. Triance|9780471894957\\n1989|W.c. Brown|Structured Cobol|Matthews, Robert I.|9780697067777\\n||COBOL Programming|Triance and J. M.|9780850122497\\n19921111|Bloomsbury UK|Structured COBOL|Tony Royce|9781349122400\\n1990|Wiley|Simplified Structured Cobol With Microsoft Microfocus Cobol|Mccracken and Daniel D.; Golden and Donald G.|9780471514077\\n1988/02/01|St. Louis : Times Mirror/Mosby College Pub., 1988.|Structured COBOL|College Pub. and 1988.|9780801616624\\n1993|Mcgraw-hill|Cobol/370: For Vs Cobol And Cobol Ii Programmers (j Ranade Ibm Series)|Harvey Bookman|9780070065833\\n1990|John Wiley And Sons Ltd|Structured Cobol Programming|Nancy Stern and Robert A. Stern|9780471534006\\n1994|John Wiley And Sons Ltd|Structured Cobol Programming|Nancy Stern and Robert A. Stern|9780471305804\\n1982|Bobbs-merrill Educational Pub|Structured Cobol Programming|Morris Pollack|9780672976919\\n2000||Structured Cobol Programming|Gary B. Shelly /  Cashman /  Foreman / Thomas J. Cashman|9780789557155\\n1998|Prentice Hall Ptr|Cobol Programmer's Notebook|James Edward Keogh|9780139774140\\n2002|Wiley|Structured Cobol Programming|Nancy B Stern|9780471232148\\n1999|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Structured Cobol Programming|Nancy B. Stern and Robert A. Stern|9780471362197\\n1985|D C Heath & Co|Structured Cobol (college)|Gary Haggard|9780669062076\\n1996|Wiley|Structured Cobol Programming|Nancy Stern and Robert A. M. Stern and Robert A. Stern|9789971512460\\n1977|Prentice-hall|Ans Cobol Programming|James A Saxon|9780130377708\\n1984|Blackwell Publishers|Structured Cobol Programming|J. M. Triance|9780850124217\\n1974|Manchester University Press|Programming In Cobol|John M. Triance|9780719005923\\n1999|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Structured Cobol Programming|Nancy B. Stern and Robert A. Stern|9780471384304\\n1972|Prentice-hall|Ansi Cobol Programming|Saxon and James A|9780130377395\\n1982|Bobbs-merrill Educational Pub|Structured Cobol Programming|Morris Pollack|9780672976902\\n2000|Wiley|Structured Cobol Programming, Getting Started With Fujitsu Cobol 3.0|Nancy Stern and Robert A. Stern and Calvin Priester|9780471378839\\n1988/04/27|John Wiley & Sons|Structured COBOL Programming|Robert A. Stern and Nancy B. Stern|9780471632870\\n|Watsonville, Calif. : Mitchell Pub., C1989.|Modern Cobol Programming||9780075552901\\n1987|Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Prentice-Hall, 1985.|Structured COBOL programming|Robert T. Grauer|9780138534905\\n1976|New York : Academic Press, c1976|Programming standard COBOL|Winchung A. Chai and Henry W. Chai|9780121665500\\n|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Structured COBOL Programming|Stern, Nancy B. and Stern, Robert Mitchell|9780471323730\\n|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Structured Cobol Programming 8e + Microfocus Personal Cobol For Windows + Mastering Cobol Computer Based Training Set||9780471255253\\n|Watsonville, Calif. : Mitchell Pub., C1989.|Modern Cobol Programming||9780075564966\\n1986|Glenview, Ill. : Scott, Foresman, C1986.|Structured Cobol Programming|J K Pierson and Jeretta Horn|9780673159137\\n1984/11/01|Monterey, Calif. : Brooks/Cole Pub. Co., c1985.|Beginning structured COBOL|Donald Keith Carver|9780534037956\\n1972|Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall [1972]|ANSI COBOL programming|James A. Saxon and H.S. Englander|9780130377210\\n2015-01-05|Wiley|COBOL Software Modernization|Franck Barbier and Jean-Luc Recoussine|9781119073222\\n1996|Course Technology Ptr|Structured Cobol Programming: With Microfocus Cobol For Windows 1.1|Gary B. Shelly and Thomas J. Cashman and Roy O. Foreman|9780789512963\\n1991|Mcgraw-hill Education (ise Editions)|Comprehensive Cobol: Advanced Cobol Programming (chapters 14-26) Vol Ii|Andrew S. Philippakis and Leonard J. Kazmier|9780071127684\\n1975|Petrocelli Books|Cobol Programming: An Introduction|Torgil Ekman|9780884053156\\n2004|Prentice-hall Of India Pvt.ltd|Computer Programming In Cobol|V. Rajaram and H.v. Sahashrabuddhe|9788120300309\\n1981|Van Nostrand Reinhold Co|Introductory Structured Cobol Programming|Gary S Popkin|9780442267711\\n1975|Prentice Hall|Fundamental Ansi Cobol Programming|James B. Maginnis|9780133392340\\n1994|Dame Publications|Application Programming Using Cobol|N/a|9780873932509\\n1987|Little, Brown|Fundamentals Of Structured Cobol|Robert C Nickerson|9780316606622\\n1996||Structured Cobol Programming Seventh Edition With Syntax Guide Cobol Cbt Set|Nancy Stern|9780471160083\\n1984|Pearson College Div|Structured Ans Cobol Programming|William M. Fuori and Stephen Gaughran|9780138544300\\n1973|Science Research Associates|Programming In Standard Cobol|Gopal K. Kapur|9780574179807\\n1977|Dryden Press|Elements Of Cobol Programming|Wilson T. Price; Jack Olson|9780030183713\\n||Wie Structured COBOL Programming|Stern and Robert A. and Ley and James P. and Nancy|9780471428855\\n1987|Holt Rinehart & Winston|Structured Programming In Cobol|Robert Boettcher|9780030705595\\n1979|Allyn And Bacon|Cobol Programming And Applications|C. Joseph Sass|9780205065509\\n1976|Allyn And Bacon|Fundamentals Of Cobol Programming|Walker, Terry M.|9780205048847\\n1980|Van Nostrand Reinhold|Introductory Structured Cobol Programming|Gary Popkin|9780442267735\\n1973|W. C. Brown Co|Fundamentals Of Cobol Programming|Carl Feingold|9780697081070\\n1985|Kent Pub Co|Introductory Structured Cobol Programming|Popkin and Gary S.|9780534045661\\n1970|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Guide To Cobol Programming|Daniel D. Mccracken and Umberto Garbassi|9780471582441\\n1977|A Wiley-qed Publication|High Level Cobol Programming|Gerald Weinberg|9780894351266\\n2014|Apress,|Beginning Cobol For Programmers|Coughlan, Michael|\\n1997|29th Street Pr|Programming In Cobol 400|Virginia Willis|9781882419326\\nOctober 1997||Structured Cobol Programming Eighth Edition and Mastering COBOL: Computer Based Training|Rex Woollard and Nancy Stern|9780471184089\\n1991|Mcgraw-hill Education (ise Editions)|Comprehensive Cobol: Fundamentals Of Cobol Programming (chapters 1-13) Vol I|Andrew S. Philippakis and Leonard J. Kazmier|9780071127677\\n|Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall [1974, c1975]|Fundamental ANSI COBOL programming|Maginnis and James B.|9780133392180\\n1982|Rockville, MD : Computer Science Press, c1982.|Essentials of COBOL programming|Gerald N Pitts|9780914894346\\n1995|New York : McGraw-Hill, c1996.|Reengineering COBOL with objects|step to sustainable legacy systems|9780070377745\\n1984|Wiley|Using Structured Cobol. Cobol Book 2.  (data Processing Training Series) (bk. 2)|Ruth Ashley|9780471871859\\n1991|Prentice Hall|Cobol From Micro To Mainframe, Structured Cobol Programming Volume 1 (volume 1)|Robert T. Grauer & Carol Vazquez Villar|9780131402782\\n1989|Prentice Hall|Crystal Clear Cobol: An Introduction To Cobol And Structured Programming (v. 1)|Trotter and William H.|9780131950177\\n1975|Harcourt Brace Jovanovich|Introduction To Standard Cobol Programming|Fredric Stuart|9780155459632\\n1974|Intext Educational Publishers|An Introduction To Cobol Programming|Paul W Murrill|9780700224579\\n1994|Dame|Advanced Application Programming Using Cobol|Kenneth D Douglas|9780873932806\\n1998|John Wiley And Sons Ltd|Structures Cobol Programming 8e Set|Stern|9780471321033\\n1993|*a Wiley-qed Publication|Vse Cobol Ii Power Programming|David S. Kirk|9780471573586\\n1990|Palgrave|Cobol 85 Programming (computer Science)|Roger Hutty|9780333484302\\n1994|Dame|Comprehensive Application Programming Using Cobol|Kenneth D Douglas|9780873932912\\n1978|Krieger Pub Co|Essentials Of Structured Cobol Programming|Jan Lee Mize and William W. Cotterman|9780534005801\\n1994||Structured Cobol Programming 7e Tr|Nancy B. Stern|9780471306740\\n1986|Van Nostrand Reinhold|Cobol For The Ibm Pc|Lim, Pacifico A.|9780442259709\\n1997|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Structured Cobol Programming 8e Tb|Stern and Nancy B.|9780471167808\\n1982|Holt Rinehart & Winston|Elements Of Structured Cobol Programming|Wilson T. Price|9780030580529\\n1988|W.c. Brown|Fundamentals Of Structured Cobol Programming|Carl Feingold|9780697009692\\n1994|Wiley|Structured Cobol Programming Seventh Edition With Syntax Reference Guide And Micro Focus Personal Cobol Compiler And Mf Cobol Student Manual Set|Nancy B. Stern and Robert A. Stern|9780471034483\\n1992|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Structured Cobol Programming 6e Tr|N Stern|9780471535430\\n1985|South-western Pub|Programming Principles With Cobol Ii|Ronald W. Eaves and Don B. Medley|9780538104609\\n1988|John Wiley And Sons Ltd|Stern: Structured Cobol Programming 5ed|N Stern|9780471610533\\n1993|Micro Focus Pub|Object Orientation For Cobol Programming|Raymond Obin|9781569280058\\n1994|Dubuque, IA : Business & Educational Technologies, c1994.|Using Micro Focus Personal COBOL|Mark W. Smith and Douglas Coker|9780697226457\\n1991|Wiley|Getting Started With Rm/cobol Sixth Edition Set 5.25 And Structured Cobol Programming|Nancy B. Stern and Robert A. Stern|9780471533597\\n1991|John Wiley & Sons Inc.|Getting Started With Rm/cobal-85/structured Cobol Programming/with Free Cobol Syntax Referen...|Nancy Stern and Robert Stern|9780471533603\\n1990|Palgrave Macmillan|Cobol 85 Programming (computer Science Series)|Roger Hutty|9780333484296\\n1984|J. Wiley|A Practical Approach To Cobol Programming|Sharad Kant|9780470273920\\n1977|Petrocelli/charter|Reducing Cobol Complexity Through Structured Programming|Carma L Mcclure|9780884054665\\n1983|Palgrave Macmillan|Mastering Cobol Programming (macmillan Modern Shakespeare)|R. Hutty|9780333343845\\n2002|Pearson Education|Cobol Programming Using The .net Framework|Ronald D. Reeves|9780130668431\\n1983|Palgrave, Formerly Macmillan Press|Mastering Cobol Programming (macmillan Master Guides)|R. Hutty|9780333354575\\n1978|Van Nostrand Reinhold|Reducing Cobol Complexity Through Structured Programming|Carma L. Mcclure|9780442804664\\n1969|Prentice-hall|Fundamental Cobol For Ibm System 360|Robert L Jones|9780133321142\\n1976|Facet Publishing|Cobol Programming: An Introduction For Librarians|Peter Brophy|9780851572154\\n1999|John Wiley And Sons|Structured Cobol Programming Fujitsu Compiler Cd|Stern|9780471350286\\n2010|New Age International Publisher|A Practical Approach To Cobol Programming|Sharad Kant|9788122427752\\n1984|International Thomson Publishing|Programming The Ibm Personal Computer: Cobol|Graham and N.|9780030595639\\n1997|Palgrave|Mastering Cobol Programming (macmillan Master Series)|Roger Hutty and Mary Spence|9780333681060\\n1988|Prentice Hall|Advanced Structured Cobol And Program Design|Don Cassel|9780130114952\\n1988|Prentice Hall|Cobol For The Ibm Personal Computer|Kip R. Irvine|9780131397347\\n1983|Newnes Technical Books|Cobol For Micros (newnes Programming Books)|Norman Stang|9780408013420\\n1984|New York : Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, c1984.|Programming the IBM Personal Computer, COBOL|Neill Graham|9780030639937\\n20080101|Springer Nature|COBOL and Visual Basic on .NET|Chris L. Richardson|9781430207726\\n1983|Teach Yourself|Teach Yourself Computer Programming In Cobol|Random House Staff|9780679102595\\n20140106|Emereo|COBOL 177 Success Secrets - 177 Most Asked Questions On COBOL - What You Need To Know|Wayne Russell|9781488533242\\n05/2001|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's CICS for the COBOL Programmer|Doug Lowe, Raul Menendez|9781943872428\\n|D C Heath & Co|Application Programming And File Processing In Cobol|Yuksel Uckan|9780669165715\\n1994|Boyd & Fraser Pub Co|Structured Cobol Programming: Interactive And Batch Processing|Bernard L. Levite|9780877098928\\n1988|Wiley|A Simplified Guide To Structured Cobol Programming|Daniel D. Mccracken and Donald G. Golden|9780471886587\\n1992|D C Heath & Co|Application Programming And File Processing In Cobol|Yuksel Uckan|9780669165708\\n||Programming Principles With Cobol I: Instructors' Manual||9780538277051\\n1997|John Wiley & Sons|Structured Cobol Programming With Syntax Guide And Student Program, Data Disk And Micro Focus Personal Cobol For Windows And Getting Started With Microfocus Cobol For Windows|Nancy Stern and Robert A. Stern and John Crawford and E. Reed Doke|9780471184966\\n1984|Barrons Educational Series Inc|Computer Programming In Cobol The Easy Way|Beverly Rosendorf|9780812028010\\n1989|Wadsworth Pub|A Complete Course In Structured Cobol Programming|John C Molluzzo|9780534100926\\n1988|John Wiley And Sons (wie)|A Simplified Guide To Structured Cobol Programming|Daniel D. Mccracken and Donald G. Golden|9780471610540\\n|Scott, Foresman|Instructor's Manual To Accompany Structured Cobol Programming|Horn, Jeretta A.|9780673481054\\n1997||Structured Cobol Programming Eighth Edition And Getting Started With Ryan Mcfarland Cobol 3.5 Inch Disks, Second Edition|J. Janossy and Nancy Stern|9780471184096\\n1997|Wiley|Structured Cobol Programming Eighth Edition With Syntax Guide And Student Program And Data Disk And Micro Focus Personal Cobol 2.0 For Dos Compiler ... Micro Focus Personal Cobol Student Manual|Nancy B. Stern and Robert A. Stern and John B. Crawford|9780471184959\\n1987|Wellesley, Mass. : QED Information Sciences, c1988.|Handbook of COBOL techniques and programming standards|Partners and Computer|9780894352270\\n2004|John Wiley & Sons|Structured Cobol Programming: With Microfocus Net Express 4.0|Nancy Stern|9780471690580\\n1989|Krieger Pub Co|Structured Programming With Cobol And Jsp (polytechnic Series)|John B. Thompson|9780862381547\\n1983|Ccd Online Systems|Cics/vs Command Level Programming With Cobol Examples|S. David Lee|9780131338852\\n1970-06|Addison-wesley Pub Co|Basic Cobol Programming: Self-instructional Manual And Text|L.m. Spitzearth|9780201071337\\n1981|Financial Times Prentice Hall (a Pearson Education Company)|Pocket Guide To Cobol (pitman Programming Pocket Guides)|Ray Welland|9780273016502\\n|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Cobol 2000 Upd Mf Comp Doke Bonner Set||9780471321293\\n|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Stern/structured Cobol Programming Seventh Edition With Syntax Reference Guide 2e And Stern/getting Started With Micro Focus Cobol Set|Stern|9780471014355\\n1986|Mike Murach & Associates Inc|Structured Ans Cobol, Part 1: A Course For Novices Using A Subset Of 1974 And 1985 Ans Cobol (pt. 1)|Mike Murach|9780911625370\\n11/1/1984|Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice-Hall, c1985.|COBOL with an emphasis on structured program design|Dennis F. Galletta|9780131398580\\n1988|Wiley|Simplified Guide To Structured Cobol Programming: Instructor's Manual|Donald G. Golden and Daniel D. McCracken|9780471600190\\n|Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1979.|Solutions manual to accompany COBOL programming and applications||9780205065523\\n|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Website To Accompany Structured Cobol Programming, 10th Edition||9780471232131\\n1986|C C D Online Systems, Incorporated|Cics/Vs Command Level Programming With Cobol Examples|S. David Lee|9780961181017\\n1999|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Structured Cobol Programming: For The Year 2000 And Beyond|Nancy Stern|9780471362487\\n1989|William C Brown Pub|Essentials Of Cics Vs Command Level Programming Using Cobol|Robert William Lowe|9780697073211\\n1994|*a Wiley-qed Publication|Os/2 Presentation Manager Programming For Cobol Programmers, Rev.ed.|Robert B. Chapman|9780471561408\\n1976|Hayden Book Co|Cobol With Style: Programming Proverbs (hayden Computer Programming Series)|Louis J Chmura|9780810457812\\n1987|Wadsworth Pub Co|Structured Cobol Programming (wadsworth Series In Computer Information Systems)|John C. Molluzzo|9780534071882\\n1994|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Structured Cobol Programming 7e - Instructor's Resource Guide (paper Only)|Nancy B. Stern|9780471306757\\n1985|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Study Guide To Accompany Structured Cobol Programming, 4th Edition|Nancy Stern|9780471880677\\n1985|Prentice Hall|Cobol Programming For The Ibm Pc And Pc Xt|William M. Fuori|9789993270805\\n1985|Amer Natl Standards Inst|Programming Language Cobol (ansi X3 23-1985, Fips 21-3)|Unknown|9789993129134\\n1992|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Stern: Teachers Manual To Accompany Structured Cobol Programming 6ed (manual)|Stern|9780471535447\\n2001|Object-z Publishing|Elements Of Cobol Web Programming : Using Micro Focus Net Express|Price and Wilson T|9780965594516\\n1997|Macmillan Digital Publishing|Cobol Programming Starter Kit (includes Cd-rom)  C/ww95/us|Microfocus Personal|9780672312045\\n1984|Wiley|Introduction To Structured Cobol (data Processing Training Series) (bk. 1)|Ruth Ashley|9780471870258\\n1977|Mike Murach & Associates|Structured Programming For The Cobol Programmer: Design Documentation Coding Testing|Paul Noll|9780911625035\\n1996|Ibm|Ibm Visualage For Cobol For Os/2 Object: Oriented Programming|Ibm Redbooks|9780738409344\\n1973|Wadsworth Pub. Co.|American National Standard Cobol For The Ibm System 360-370|Drummond, Marshall E.|9780534001490\\n1980|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Introduction To Business Data Processing With Basic, Fortran And Cobol Programming|Donald Keith Carver|9780471063032\\n1999|M V S Training, Incorporated|Cobol For Os/390 Power Programming With Complete Year 2000 Section|David S. Kirk|9781892559029\\n1977|Scott Foresman & Co|Cobol For Students: A Programming Primer (little, Brown Computer Systems Series)|Robert G. Finkenaur|9780316283205\\n1985|R.d. Irwin|Cobol Logic And Programming (the Irwin Series In Information And Decision Sciences)|Fritz A Mccameron|9780256032109\\n1986|Mcgraw-hill Book Company, New York|Schaum's Outling Series: Theory And Problems Of Programming With Advanced Structured Cobol|Lawrence R. Newcomer|9780070379992\\n1984|R.d. Irwin|Essentials Of Cobol Programming (the Irwin Series In Information And Decision Sciences)|Roger R Mcgrath|9780256029956\\n1997|Made Simple|Cobol Made Simple: (programming For The Year 2000 Problem) (made Simple Books)|Conor Sexton|9780750638340\\n1982|William C Brown Pub|Business Applications Of Structured Cobol Programming (allyn And Bacon Computer Science Series)|Anne L. Topping|9780205077502\\n1971|Mcgraw-hill|Instructor's Manual To Accompany Elementary Cobol Programming, A Step By Step Approach|Gordon Bitter Davis|9780070157811\\n1992|Wiley|Vax Cobol On-line: Interactive Programming Concepts And Examples (wiley Professional Computing)|James G. Janossy|9780471551966\\n1999||Structured Cobol Programming 9e Sol Programming Assignments For The Year 2000 & Beyond +d3|Nancy B. Stern|9780471332596\\n1985|Brooks/cole Pub Co|Structured Cobol Programming And Data-processing Methods (brooks/cole Series In Computer Science)|Richard Mccalla|9780534044886\\n2000|A H Wheeler Publishing Co Ltd|General Computing: Programming Languages - Basic, Cobol And Fortran (wheeler's Question Bank On Computer Science)|Subhash Mehta|9788175440784\\n1988|Prentice Hall|The Cics Companion: A Reference Guide To Cobol Command Level Programming (mainframe Software Series)|Thomas Robert Gildersleeve|9780131344617\\n1975|Wiley-interscience|Effective Use Of Ans Cobol Computer Programming Language (business Data Processing, A Wiley Series)|Laurence S Cohn|9780471164364\\n1985|Ccd Online Systems|Ims/vs Dl/i Programming With Cobol Examples (ccd Online Systems Data Processing Series)|David Lee|9780961181048\\n1994|Mcgraw-hill|Schaum's Outline Of Theory And Problems Of Programming With Modern Structured Cobol (schaum's Outlines)|Lawrence R. Newcomer|9780070380196\\n1992|Van Nostrand Reinhold Computer|The Cobol Presentation Manager Programming Guide: For Os/2 Versions 1.3 And 2.0 (vnr Computer Library)|David Dill|9780442012939\\n1980|Van Nostrand Reinhold|A Guide To Structured Cobol With Efficiency Techniques And Special Algorithms (van Nostrand Reinhold Data Processing Series)|Pacifico A. Lim|9780442245856\\n|New York, Wiley [c1972]|Cobol Support Packages: Programming And Productivity Aids [by] Stanley M. Naftaly, Michael C. Cohen [and] Bruce G. Johnson||9780471622109\\n1994|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Stern Structured Cobol Programming Seventh Edition And Wiley Syntax Reference Guide Second Edition And Stern Getting Started With Ryan Mcfarland Dual Med Set|Nancy Stern|9780471045106",
    "githubLanguage": "COBOL",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2019|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Programming WebAssembly with Rust: Unified Development for Web, Mobile, and Embedded Applications|Hoffman, Kevin|9781680506365\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Game Development with WebAssembly: Learn WebAssembly C++ programming by building a retro space game|Battagline, Rick|9781838646837\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Hands-On JavaScript High Performance: Build faster web apps using Node.js, Svelte.js, and WebAssembly|Scherer, Justin|9781838825867\\n2019|Manning|WebAssembly in Action: With examples using C++ and Emscripten|Gallant, Gerard|9781638355304\\n2019-05-31T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Game Development with WebAssembly: Learn WebAssembly C++ programming by building a retro space game|Battagline, Rick|9781838644659\\n2021|Apress|WebAssembly for Cloud: A Basic Guide for Wasm-Based Cloud Apps|Jain, Shashank Mohan|9781484274958\\n2022|Packt Publishing - ebooks Account|Practical WebAssembly-Explore the fundamentals of WebAssembly programming using Rust|Sendil Kumar Nellaiyapen|9781838828004\\n20211113|Springer Nature|WebAssembly for Cloud|Shashank Mohan Jain|9781484274965\\n20220502|Packt Publishing|Practical WebAssembly|Sendil Kumar Nellaiyapen|9781838827465\\n20210601|Random House Publishing Services|The Art of WebAssembly|Rick Battagline|9781718501454\\n44386|Packt Publishing|Blazor WebAssembly by Example|Toi B. Wright; Scott Hanselman|9781800563933\\n29-04-2022|Packt Publishing|Game Development with Rust and WebAssembly|Eric Smith|9781801074995\\n14-05-2021|Packt Publishing|Creative DIY Microcontroller Projects with TinyGo and WebAssembly|Tobias Theel|9781800563599",
    "githubLanguage": "WebAssembly",
    "indeedJobs": "webassembly engineer",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2017|Bringing the web up to speed with WebAssembly|10.1145/3062341.3062363|307|64|Andreas Haas and Andreas Rossberg and Derek L. Schuff and Ben L. Titzer and Michael Holman and D. Gohman and Luke Wagner and Alon Zakai and J. Bastien|f9420023ec1ee6d7d61d8f61f3c7df33b59afe61\\n2018|Mechanising and verifying the WebAssembly specification|10.1145/3167082|45|2|C. Watt|8dafcb807d8d2b1f613043069af51ba63ef5d474\\n2018|Wasabi: A Framework for Dynamically Analyzing WebAssembly|10.1145/3297858.3304068|27|1|Daniel Lehmann and Michael Pradel|4c2d6e7037ba8c4118eb1d2fe25de910871314c9\\n2019|Weakening WebAssembly|10.1145/3360559|18|3|C. Watt and Andreas Rossberg and Jean Pichon-Pharabod|6fb0698434403b0caa9a32133ad0f90efb36d9cd\\n2021|An Empirical Study of Real-World WebAssembly Binaries: Security, Languages, Use Cases|10.1145/3442381.3450138|17|3|Aaron Hilbig and Daniel Lehmann and Michael Pradel|53859511943c1cc1da713b436cea1f502ce64c10\\n2019|Formally Verified Cryptographic Web Applications in WebAssembly|10.1109/SP.2019.00064|17|2|Jonathan Protzenko and Benjamin Beurdouche and Denis Merigoux and K. Bhargavan|f39df8f217036d1fd3e5e44385291f02258a5a7f\\n2019|WARDuino: a dynamic WebAssembly virtual machine for programming microcontrollers|10.1145/3357390.3361029|16|2|Robbert Gurdeep Singh and Christophe Scholliers|668338ad3648e7540c1718ba94a409cceefc9d3d\\n2017|Accelerate JavaScript applications by cross-compiling to WebAssembly|10.1145/3141871.3141873|15|1|M. Reiser and Luc Bläser|373cea7cdd706641f4795fb3ff777fb23ace30c8\\n2018|Virtual Machine Execution for Wearables Based on WebAssembly|10.1007/978-3-030-29897-5_33|11|1|M. Jacobsson and Jonas Willén|c32344f4f80d5d545abeaedb544933a12d0230fe\\n2018|FAUST Domain Specific Audio DSP Language Compiled to WebAssembly|10.1145/3184558.3185970|8|0|S. Letz and Y. Orlarey and D. Fober|010c899740f3cc29d6dc26ab4065fdc6b9875956\\n2020|Compositional Information Flow Analysis for WebAssembly Programs|10.1109/SCAM51674.2020.00007|7|0|Quentin Stiévenart and Coen De Roover|854c5480cbb67ae0558d81ce1a25a6778a1b84df\\n2018|Bringing the web up to speed with WebAssembly|10.1145/3282510|7|0|Andreas Rossberg and Ben L. Titzer and Andreas Haas and Derek L. Schuff and D. Gohman and Luke Wagner and Alon Zakai and J. 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Hendren|89428a2534ebfc5ae593c22587ca5991f5d33c56\\n2020|Wasmachine: Bring the Edge up to Speed with A WebAssembly OS|10.1109/CLOUD49709.2020.00056|3|0|Elliott Wen and Gerald Weber|a6580cf09f8153cb59f2935a9f53d9bd7c92aefc\\n2021|Understanding the performance of webassembly applications|10.1145/3487552.3487827|3|0|Yutian Yan and Tengfei Tu and Lijian Zhao and Yuchen Zhou and Weihang Wang|30f7df3054343ee487d52e94ab7760262ec5958f\\n2019|SELWasm: A Code Protection Mechanism for WebAssembly|10.1109/ISPA-BDCloud-SustainCom-SocialCom48970.2019.00157|3|0|Jian Sun and Dingyuan Cao and Ximing Liu and Ziyi Zhao and Wenwen Wang and Xiaoli Gong and Jin Zhang|a53f209c578bceeff3f14ea9cf5d431d91f8961f\\n2020|WASim: Understanding WebAssembly Applications through Classification|10.1145/3324884.3415293|3|0|Alan Romano and Weihang Wang|fbe367aa92c17b5fbc4b439b9d3ed05cddeb17a8\\n2020|TruffleWasm: a WebAssembly interpreter on GraalVM|10.1145/3381052.3381325|3|1|Salim S. Salim and A. Nisbet and M. Luján|d6fcc99b621cb2156537b94ab1d9034ae682f803\\n2021|An Empirical Study of Bugs in WebAssembly Compilers|10.1109/ASE51524.2021.9678776|3|0|Alan Romano and Xinyue Liu and Yonghwi Kwon and Weihang Wang|9d75f907e65b5b74d90e8c6d9bdf968288331121\\n2022|Wobfuscator: Obfuscating JavaScript Malware via Opportunistic Translation to WebAssembly|10.1109/sp46214.2022.9833626|2|0|Alan Romano and Daniel Lehmann and Michael Pradel and Weihang Wang|f041c9d54534217e888eee2f9aba22f682048a69\\n2020|Superoptimization of WebAssembly bytecode|10.1145/3397537.3397567|2|0|Javier Cabrera-Arteaga and Shrinish Donde and Jian Gu and Orestis Floros and Lucas Satabin and B. Baudry and Monperrus Martin|7f9ad986365a726a97a79cf606c8db9303b1effc\\n2020|Analysis of WebAssembly as a Strategy to Improve JavaScript Performance on IoT Environments|10.5753/sbesc_estendido.2020.13102|2|0|F. Oliveira and J. Mattos|e72c81c91e2c3f3259a9a28f5157ed132c01f698\\n2019|Towards a WebAssembly standalone runtime on GraalVM|10.1145/3359061.3362780|1|0|Salim S. Salim and A. Nisbet and M. Luján|79c2622251cf1d7bcd0d266253ccc69da749eb59\\n2022|Static Stack-Preserving Intra-Procedural Slicing of WebAssembly Binaries|10.1145/3510003.3510070|1|0|Quentin Stiévenart and D. Binkley and Coen De Roover|743067aed49d0f62682d11d2db96bf3f62c969ba\\n2021|Bringing WebAssembly up to speed with dynamic linking|10.1145/3412841.3442045|1|0|Niko Mäkitalo and Victor Bankowski and Paulius Daubaris and R. Mikkola and Oleg Beletski and T. Mikkonen|85c19f3e93d649ce229ff07daa8ae36e7a1a56bf"
  },
  {
    "id": "pascal",
    "name": "Pascal",
    "appeared": 1970,
    "creators": "Niklaus Wirth",
    "measurements": 63,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 62,
    "releaseNotes": "https://www.freepascal.org/news.html",
    "download": "https://www.freepascal.org/download.html",
    "rank": 46,
    "exampleCount": 6,
    "pldbScore": 25231,
    "hoplId": 520,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 68,
    "inboundLinks": "ace adlib bazel binaryen c2 chaiscript chrysalisp cir cloc cmake cperl drupal ecl eiffel emscripten extended-pascal fardlang felix gap gforth ghc halide haste hhvm hla hpp julia ligo mal masm micropython mobl-lang mongodb mythryl nodejs opencv p paraview pawn-scripting-language pawn perl php plasma plz poke polymath pov-ray-sdl psyche-c pygments racket raptorjit reko-decompiler revolution-programming-language ricscript scipy skip snowball-programming-language sourcepawn stacklang swift tensorflow tiscript typecobol v8 virt wren xla zig",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 8263,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 10149,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 49346,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 3,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjects": "author name avatar url language languageColor stars forks currentPeriodStars description\\ncheat-engine cheat-engine https://github.com/cheat-engine.png https://github.com/cheat-engine/cheat-engine Pascal #E3F171 3166 650 185 \"Cheat Engine. A development environment focused on modding\"\\nstascorp rdpwrap https://github.com/stascorp.png https://github.com/stascorp/rdpwrap Pascal #E3F171 5646 1029 162 \"RDP Wrapper Library\"",
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "delphi or objectpascal",
    "githubLanguage_interpreters": "instantfpc",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "pascal",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "pascal",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-pascal",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.pascal",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "p/Pascal.p",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 37,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2005,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2016,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 10,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 4,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1970,
    "wikipedia_related": "delphi free-pascal turbo-pascal ucsd-pascal algol-w ada go java modula modula-2 modula-3 oberon object-pascal oxygene seed7 algol-60 euler lisp algol-68 assembly-language tex simula fortran watcom c x86-isa ip-pascal csharp algol pl-i ios android unicode linux freebsd",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Pascal is an imperative and procedural programming language, which Niklaus Wirth designed in 1968–69 and published in 1970, as a small, efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structuring. It is named in honor of the French mathematician, philosopher and physicist Blaise Pascal. Pascal was developed on the pattern of the ALGOL 60 language. Wirth had already developed several improvements to this language as part of the ALGOL X proposals, but these were not accepted and Pascal was developed separately and released in 1970. A derivative known as Object Pascal designed for object-oriented programming was developed in 1985; this was used by Apple Computer and Borland in the late 1980s and later developed into Delphi on the Microsoft Windows platform. Extensions to the Pascal concepts led to the Pascal-like languages Modula-2 and Oberon.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1116,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 2517,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 2212,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 23773,
    "lab": "ETH Zürich",
    "fileExtensions": "pp pas inc",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "pas dfm dpr inc lpr pascal pp",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "p",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "pp pas inc",
    "interviews": "http://pldb.info/blog/niklausWirth.html",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 7708,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 102,
    "expandedMeasurements": 120,
    "influencedBy": "algol-60",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "demoVideo": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hw4GEwhCZpc",
    "clocExtensions": "dpr lpr p pas pascal",
    "gdbSupport": true,
    "docs": "https://www.freepascal.org/docs.html",
    "emailList": "https://www.freepascal.org/maillist.html",
    "faq": "https://www.freepascal.org/faq.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/pascal",
    "codeMirror": "pascal",
    "monaco": "pascal",
    "quineRelay": "Pascal",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Pascal",
    "ubuntuPackage": "fp-compiler",
    "country": "Switzerland",
    "projectEuler": "Pascal",
    "compilerExplorer_example": "unit output;  interface  function Square(const num: Integer): Integer;  implementation  // Type your code here, or load an example.  function Square(const num: Integer): Integer; begin     Square := num * num; end;  end. ",
    "helloWorldCollection": "{Hello World in Pascal}  program HelloWorld(output); begin   WriteLn('Hello World!'); end. ",
    "leachim6_example": "program HelloWorld(output); begin         writeln('Hello World'); end. ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "uses   uw27294;  var   p : procedure;  procedure test;  begin   p:=@test;   writeln('OK'); end;  procedure global; begin   p:=nil;   test;   p(); end;  begin   global;   uw27294.global; end.   ",
    "subreddit": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Pascal",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/pascal",
    "rijuRepl_example": "program Main; begin    writeln('Hello, world!'); end.",
    "wikipedia_example": "program Printing;  var i : integer;  procedure Print(j : integer); begin   ... end;  begin { main program }   ...   Print(i); end.",
    "leachim6": "Pascal",
    "compilerExplorer": "Pascal",
    "keywords": "* + - / := < <= <> = > >= and begin boolean break byte continue div do double else end false if integer longint mod not or repeat shl shortint shr single then true until while word xor",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "{ }",
    "printToken": "writeln",
    "stringToken": "'",
    "assignmentToken": ":=",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
    "hasSinglePassParser": true,
    "hasAssignment": true,
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasCaseInsensitiveIdentifiers": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasConditionals": true,
    "hasFunctionOverloading": true,
    "hasLineComments": false,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasOperatorOverloading": false,
    "hasPolymorphism": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "hasWhileLoops": true,
    "isCaseSensitive": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 145,
    "paperCount": 21,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=520",
    "tiobe": "Pascal",
    "githubBigQuery": "Pascal",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/pascal.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1993|Richard d Irwin|Structures and Abstractions: An Introduction to Computer Science With Pascal|Salmon, William I.|9780256126662\\n1985|D C Heath & Co|Pascal Plus Data Structures, Algorithms, and Advanced Programming|Dale, Nell B. and Lilly, Susan C.|9780669072396\\n1981|Addison-Wesley Professional|Software Tools in Pascal|Kernighan, Brian W.|9780201103427\\n1995|Butterworth-Heinemann|Pascal for Students (including Turbo Pascal)|Kemp, Ray and Hahn, Brian|9780340645888\\n1990|Merrill Pub Co|Introduction To Structured Programming Using Turbo Pascal Version 5.0 On The Ibm Pc|Kenneth J. Morgan|9780675207706\\n1972|Princeton University Press|The Computer from Pascal to von Neumann|Goldstine, Herman H.|9780691081045\\n1987|Lewis Osborne Book Pub|Advanced Turbo Pascal: Now Includes Borland's Turbo Pascal Database Toolbox and Turbo Pascal Graphix Toolbox (Programming Series)|Schildt, Herbert|9780078812835\\n1992|Wiley|Pascal and Beyond...: Data Abstraction and Data Structures Using Turbo Pascal|Fisher, Steve and Reges, Stuart|9780471502616\\n1992|Addison-Wesley|Programming in Oberon: Steps Beyond Pascal and Modula|Reiser, Martin and Wirth, Niklaus|9780201565430\\n1990|University of Chicago Press|Pascal Programming for Music Research|Brinkman, Alexander R.|9780226075075\\n1984|Addison-Wesley|Programming in Pascal|Grogono, Peter|9780201120707\\n1978|John Wiley & Sons|An Introduction to Programming and Problem Solving with Pascal|Schneider, G. Michael|9780471025429\\n|London : Prentice-hall International, C1989.|Programming With Data Structures, Pascal Version||9780137304585\\n1997|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Turbo Pascal (Computer Science Series))|Dale, Nell|9780763706081\\n1993|Sybex Inc|Programming in Borland Pascal|Palmer, Scott D.|9780782111514\\n1985|New York : Barnes & Noble, c1985.|Programming in PASCAL|Zwass and Vladimir|9780064602013\\n1985|Reston Pub Co|Pascal Programming For The Ibm Pc And Xt|William M. Fuori|9780835954365\\n1981|Reston Pub. Co|Pascal Programming For The Apple|T. G Lewis|9780835954556\\n1988|Harcourt Brace Jovanovich|Computer Programming In The Pascal Language|Neal Golden|9780153591105\\n1991|Addison Wesley School|Object-oriented Programming With Turbo Pascal|Keith Weiskamp and Bryan Flamig and Loren Heiny|9780673463340\\n2006|Dover Publications|Discrete Optimization Algorithms: with Pascal Programs (Dover Books on Computer Science)|Syslo, Maciej M. and Deo, Narsingh and Kowalik, Janusz S.|9780486453538\\n2000|Thomson Learning|Pascal Programming|Holmes|9780826454294\\n1989|Prentice Hall|Programming With Data Structures: Pascal Version/Book and Disk|Kruse, Robert L.|9780137292387\\n1993|MIS Press,U.S.|Borland Pascal with Objects 7.0|Jose DeJesus|9781558282476\\n1986|Lawrenceville Pr|A Guide To Programming In Turbo Pascal|Bruce Presley and Tim Corica|9780931717413\\n1985|Addison-Wesley Pub. Co|Problem solving and structured programming in Pascal|Koffman, Elliot B|9780201117363\\n1980|Tab Books|Pascal|Heiserman, David L.|9780830699346\\n1984|Cambridge University Press|Recursion via Pascal (Cambridge Computer Science Texts, Series Number 19)|Rohl|9780521269346\\n1992|M & T Books|Fractal Programming In Turbo Pascal|Roger T. Stevens|9781558511071\\n1990|Thomson Learning|Pascal Programming (complete Course Texts)|B.j. Holmes|9781870941655\\n1983|Palgrave|Mastering Pascal Programming (Macmillan Master)|Huggins, Eric|9780333322949\\n1997|Wiley|Mastering C++: An Introduction To C++ And Object-oriented Programming For C And Pascal Programmers Second Edition And Engineering Fluid Mechanics, Sixth Edition|Horstmann and Cay S. Horstmann and John A. Roberson and Clayton T. Crowe|9780471293743\\n1984|Barrons Educational Series Inc|Computer Programming in Pascal the Easy Way|Downing, Douglas and Yoshimi, Mark|9780812027990\\n1986|Addison-Wesley|Introduction to Computer Science With Applications in Pascal|Garland, Stephen|9780201043983\\n1980|Reston Pub. Co|Pascal programming structures: An introduction to systematic programming|Cherry, George William|9780835954631\\n1982|Addison-wesley|Programming Primer: A Graphic Introduction To Computer Programming With Basic And Pascal|Robert P Taylor|9780201074000\\n|West Group|Understanding Pascal|Steven Mandell|9780314872548\\n2000|Wordware Publishing, Inc.|Learn Pascal|Abolrous, Sam|9781556227066\\n1995|Birkhäuser|Scientific Pascal|Flanders, Harley|9780817637606\\n1983|Sra|Programming In Pascal|C. William Gear|9780023412059\\n1989|West Group|Programming Process With Pascal|Judith L. Gersting|9780314445322\\n1983|Sybex|Doing business with Pascal|Hergert, Richard|9780895880918\\n1999|Pearson Us Imports & Phipes|Structured Programming Turbo Pascal|Horn|9780130225443\\n1994|Oxford University Press|Abstractions & Programming in Turbo Pascal Flexlabs|Shaffer and Dale and Platt and David C.|9780030972409\\n1988|Camelot Publishing Company|Challenging Mathematical Problems with Pascal Solutions|Donald D. Spencer|9780892180967\\n1980|Wiley|PASCAL Programming (Wiley Series in Computing)|Atkinson, Laurence|9780471277743\\n1987|Addison-wesley|Pascal On The Macintosh: A Graphical Approach|David A. Niguidula|9780201165883\\n1988|Henry Holt & Company|Solution Key For Pascal Computer Programming 88|Golden|9780153591129\\n1991|Abacus Software Inc|Turbo Pascal System Programming/book And Disk|Michael Tischer|9781557551245\\n1984|Blue Ridge Summit, Pa. : Tab Books, c1984.|Programming your own adventure games in Pascal|Richard C. Vile and Jr|9780830617685\\n1989|Addison-Wesley|Programming the IBM User Interface: Using Turbo Pascal|Ezzell, Ben|9780201150094\\n1995|I/o Press|The Windows Pascal Laboratory: Experiments In Windows Programming (programmers Library)|Don Asumu Pdd|9781871962321\\n1991|Wiley-vch|Turbo Pascal For Chemists: A Problem Solving And Practical Approach|Gordon-filby-m-klusmann|9783527278305\\n1986|Tab Books Software|Turbo Pascal Programming With Applications: Ibm Pc/book And 256k Disk|Leon A. Wortman|9780830652051\\n1985|1985|Programming With Turbo Pascal (mcgraw-hill's Best--basic Engineering Series And Tools)|Carroll, David W. (david William)|9780078529085\\n2020-02-24T00:00:01Z|Dark Neon|The Little Book Of Delphi Programming: Learn To Program with Object Pascal|Collingbourne, Huw|9781913132095\\n2001|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Learn Pascal in Three Days|Abolrous, Sam|9781556228056\\n1982|Wiley|Introduction to Programming and Problem Solving with PASCAL|Schneider, G. Michael and Weingart, Steven W. and Pearlman, David M.|9780471082163\\n2021|Independently published|Object Pascal Handbook Delphi 10.4 Sydney Edition: The Complete Guide to the Object Pascal programming language for Delphi 10.4 Sydney|Cantu, Marco|9798554519963\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Getting Started with Lazarus and Free Pascal: A beginners and intermediate guide to Free Pascal using Lazarus IDE|Abiola-Ellison, Menkaura|9781507632529\\n1995|Butterworth-Heinemann|Pascal for Students (including Turbo Pascal)|Kemp, Ray and Hahn, Brian|9780080928708\\n1989|Cambridge University Press|Numerical Recipes in Pascal (First Edition): The Art of Scientific Computing|Press, William H. and Flannery, Brian P. and Teukolsky, Saul A. and Vetterling, William T.|9780521375160\\n2020|Oberkochener Medienverlag|Professional Programming From the Beginning: With Free Pascal And the Free Development Environment Lazarus|Koch, Wilfried|9783945899311\\n1988-01-11T00:00:01Z|Pearson International|Intro Programming W/Macintosh Pascal|PRITCHARD|9780201175394\\n1993|Pearson|Pascal Programming and Problem Solving (4th Edition)|Leestma, Sanford and Nyhoff, Larry|9780023887314\\n1994-01-01T00:00:01Z|McGraw-Hill|Schaum's Outline of Programming with Pascal|Gottfried, Byron S.|9780070239241\\n1993|Benjamin-Cummings Pub Co|Turbo Pascal 7.0 (4th Edition)|Savitch, Walter J.|9780805304183\\n1980|Addison-Wesley|Programming in PASCAL|Grogono, Peter|9780201027754\\n1987|Wiley|Advanced Programming and Problem Solving with PASCAL|Schneider, Michael and Bruell, Steven|9780471837442\\n2000|Wordware Publishing, Inc.|Learn Object Pascal with Delphi|Rachele, Warren|9781556227196\\n1994|Addison-Wesley|Turbo Pascal|Koffman, Elliot B.|9780201512397\\n1991|Addison-Wesley|Macintosh Pascal Programming Primer: Inside the Toolbox Using Think Pascal|Mark, Dave and Reed, Cartwright|9780201570847\\n2020|Apress|Delphi Quick Syntax Reference: A Pocket Guide to the Delphi and Object Pascal Language|Kouraklis, John|9781484261118\\n1987|Cambridge University Press|Illustrating Pascal|Alcock, Donald G.|9780521336956\\n1995|Benjamin-Cummings Pub Co|C++ for Pascal Programmers (2nd Edition)|Pohl, Ira|9780805331585\\n1994|Cengage Learning|Using Turbo Pascal 6.0 - 7.0|Hennefeld, Julien|9780534943981\\n1981|John Wiley & Sons|Advanced Programming and Problem Solving with Pascal|Schneider, G. Michael|9780471078760\\n1981|Prentice-Hall Canada, Incorporated|Data Structures Using Pascal|Augenstein, Moshe J.; Tenenbaum, Aaron M.|9780131965010\\n1996|Springer|Migrating from Pascal to C++ (Undergraduate Texts in Computer Science)|Merritt, Susan N. and Stix, Allen|9780387947303\\n1984T|Tab Books|Programming your own adventure games in Pascal|Vile, Richard C|9780830607686\\n1984|Springer|Pascal User Manual and Report: Revised for the ISO Pascal Standard|Jensen, Kathleen and Wirth, Niklaus|9780387960487\\n1985|Mcgraw-Hill|Schaum's Outline of Theory and Problems of Programming With Pascal (Schaum's Outline Series in Computers)|Gottfried, Byron S.|9780070238497\\n1997|Addison Wesley|Turbo Pascal Update|Koffman, Elliot B.|9780201350869\\n1979|Hayden Book Co|PASCAL with style: Programming proverbs (Hayden computer programming series)|Ledgard, Henry F|9780810451247\\n1991|Macmillan Coll Div|Data Structures and Program Design in Pascal|Nyhoff, Larry R. and Leestma, Sanford|9780023694653\\n1981|Addison-Wesley Pub. Co|Problem solving and structured programming in PASCAL (Addison-Wesley series in computer science and information processing)|Koffman, Elliot B|9780201038934\\n1990|Addison-Wesley|Pascal Precisely for Engineers and Scientists|Bishop, Judy and Bishop, Nigel|9780201416923\\n1983|Computer Science Press|Pascal an Introduction to Methodical Programming Edition|Findlay, William|9780914894735\\n1985-07-01T00:00:01Z|Hodder Arnold|Statistical Computing in Pascal|Cooke, D. and Craven, A. H. and Clarke, G. M.|9780713135459\\n1983|Houghton Mifflin College Div|Introduction to Pascal and Structured Design|Dale, Nell B.|9780669069624\\n1987|McGraw-Hill College|Programming With Pascal|Konvalina, John and Wileman, Stanley|9780070352247\\n1992|W. W. Norton & Company|Oh! PASCAL!: Turbo PASCAL 6.0|Cooper, Doug|9780393962499\\n1983-06-30T00:00:01Z|Springer|Introduction to Numerical Computation in Pascal|DEW/JAMES|9780387912165\\n1984|Franklin Watts|Pascal for Beginners (Computer Literacy Skills Book)|Lampton, Christopher|9780531047484\\n1989-04-01T00:00:01Z|Computing McGraw-Hill|Using Turbo Pascal Version 5 (Programming Series)|Wood, Steve|9780078814969\\n1992|Hodder & Stoughton Educational Division|Teach Yourself Computer Programming in Pascal (Teach Yourself)|Lightfoot, D.|9780340337288\\n1985|Wadsworth Pub. Co|From Pascal to C: An introduction to the C programming language|Brown, Douglas L|9780534046026\\n1990|M & T Books|Fractal Programming in Turbo Pascal|Stevens, Roger T.|9781558511064\\n1995|Wiley|Mastering C++: An Introduction to C++ and Object-Oriented Programming for C and Pascal Programmers|Horstmann, Cay S.|9780471104278\\n1982|William C Brown Pub|A First Course in Programming With Pascal|Mendelson, Bert|9780205078233\\n1997|West Publishing Company, College & School Div|Turbo Pascal Programming High School EDI|Mandell, Steven L.|9780314346292\\n1987|Wadsworth Pub Co|Algorithms, Programming, Pascal|Li Santi, Barbara|9780534066789\\n1987-06T|Letts Educational|PASCAL Programming|Holmes, B.J.|9780905435817\\n1984T|Osborne/McGraw-Hill|Advanced Pascal programming techniques|Sand, Paul A|9780881341058\\n1991|Dellen Pub Co|Programming in Pascal|Riddle, Douglas F.|9780023998157\\n1994|Addison-Wesley|Software Design and Data Structures in Turbo Pascal|Elliot B. Koffman and Bruce R. Maxim|9780201156249\\n1986-01-01T00:00:01Z|Addison-Wesley|Advanced Programming: Design and Structure Using Pascal|Miller, Lawrence H.|9780201055313\\n1988|Praeger|Pascal Programming for Libraries: Illustrative Examples for Information Specialists (Contributions in Librarianship and Information Science)|Davis, Charles H. and Lundeen, Gerald and Shaw, Debora|9780313252594\\n1984|Computer Science Press|Paradigms and programming with PASCAL|Wood, Derick|9780914894452\\n1980|John Wiley & Sons|PASCAL Programming (Computing Series)|Atkinson, Laurence|9780471277736\\n1984|West Group|Fundamental Programming With Pascal|Starkey, J. Denbigh and Ross, Rockford J.|9780314778062\\n1985|Addison Wesley Publishing Company|Problem Solving & Structured Programming in Pascal|Koffman, Elliot B.|9780201117370\\n1983T|Distributed in cooperation with Wiley-Interscience|IEEE Standard Pascal Computer Programming Language|American National Standards Institute and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers|9780471889441\\n1986|Cambridge University Press|Pascal Programming: A Beginner's Guide to Computers and Programming|Hawksley, Chris|9780521337144\\n1991T|D.C. Heath and Co|Pascal Plus data structures, algorithms, and advanced programming|Dale, Nell B|9780669248302\\n||PASCAL Programming Fundamentals||9788177641936\\n1996|Richard d Irwin|Structures and Abstractions: An Introduction to Computer Science With Turbo Pascal (5.X, 6.X, 7.0)|Salmon, William I.|9780256126679\\n1994|McGraw-Hill Education - Europe|Programming with Pascal|Sos Gottfried|9780071133371\\n1990|PWS Publishing|Turbo Pascal With Turtle Graphics|Slack, James M.|9780314667823\\n1995|Pearson College Div|Programming with MacIntosh and THINK Pascal|Rink, Richard A. and Wisenbaker, Vance B. and Vance, Richard G.|9780130938732\\n1982T|Pearson Higher Education|Pocket Guide to Pascal (Pitman Programming Pocket Guides)|Watt, David A|9780273016496\\n1989|Prentice Hall|Programming with Macintosh Pascal|Rink, Richard A|9780137305407\\n1992|William C Brown Pub|Data Structures, Using Pascal|Rhoads, Samuel E. and Gearen, Michael V.|9780697111739\\n1982|Springer|Pascal at Work and Play: An Introduction to Computer Programming in Pascal|Forsyth, Richard|9780412233807\\n1993|Gardners Books|An Introduction to Pascal|Morton, James K.|9780907679479\\n1990|Cambridge University Press|Programming via Pascal (Cambridge Computer Science Texts, Series Number 12)|Rohl, J. 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    "pygmentsHighlighter": "YAML",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/yaml",
    "rijuRepl_example": "output: \"Hello, world!\" ",
    "wikipedia_example": "--- example: >         HTML goes into YAML without modification message: |          <blockquote style=\"font: italic 12pt Times\">         <p>\"Three is always greater than two,            even for large values of two\"</p>         <p>--Author Unknown</p>         </blockquote> date: 2007-06-01",
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    "languageServerProtocolProject": "https://github.com/redhat-developer/yaml-language-server",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YAML",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/atom/language-yaml",
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    "id": "nim",
    "name": "Nim",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "creators": "Andreas Rumpf",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://nim-lang.org/",
    "foundationScore": 13,
    "blog": "https://nim-lang.org/blog.html",
    "latestVersion": "2.0.4",
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    "pldbScore": 25229,
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    "githubLanguage_filenames": "nim.cfg",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.nim",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2010,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2008,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 303,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 16308,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "n/Nim.nim",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
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    "aka": "nimrod",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2008,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 25787,
    "repoStats_committers": 1060,
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    "repoStats_mb": 122,
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    "webRepl": "http://play.nim-lang.org",
    "domainName_registered": 2014,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2008,
    "wikipedia_related": "ada modula-3 lisp object-pascal python oberon c javascript pascal delphi csharp go objective-c ios android git json opengl postgresql mysql sqlite lua scala d rust",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Nim (formerly named Nimrod) is an imperative, multi-paradigm, compiled programming language designed and developed by Andreas Rumpf. It is designed to be \"efficient, expressive, and elegant\", supporting metaprogramming, functional, message passing, procedural, and object-oriented programming styles by providing several features such as compile time code generation, algebraic data types, a foreign function interface (FFI) with C and compiling to JavaScript, C and C++.",
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    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 69,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 45413679,
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    "githubRepo_description": "Nim was called Nimrod until 2014. Nimrod is a relatively new programming language that is severely underrated in comparison to other new programming languages, with extensive metaprogramming support, generics and exception tracking built in, optional garbage collection, and rivals C in performance. And it can compile to C, C++, Objective-C, or JavaScript. Nimrod is a statically typed, imperative programming language that tries to give the programmer ultimate power without compromises on runtime efficiency. This means it focuses on compile-time mechanisms in all their various forms.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/nim-lang",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Nim was called Nimrod until 2014. Nimrod is a relatively new programming language that is severely underrated in comparison to other new programming languages, with extensive metaprogramming support, generics and exception tracking built in, optional garbage collection, and rivals C in performance. And it can compile to C, C++, Objective-C, or JavaScript. Nimrod is a statically typed, imperative programming language that tries to give the programmer ultimate power without compromises on runtime efficiency. This means it focuses on compile-time mechanisms in all their various forms.",
    "fileExtensions": "nim",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "nim nimcfg nimble nimrod nims",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "nim",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "nim",
    "languageServerProtocolProject_writtenIn": "nim",
    "writtenIn": "nim markdown html yaml c bourne-shell json restructuredtext python css assembly-language csv sql tex ini xml bash",
    "compilesTo": "c cpp objective-c javascript",
    "leetSheets": "https://cheatsheets.zip/nim",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 23865,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "exercism": "https://exercism.org/tracks/nim",
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    "isSelfHosted": true,
    "latestMajorVersion": 2,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "clocExtensions": "nim nim.cfg nimble nimrod nims",
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#nim",
    "docs": "https://nim-lang.org/documentation.html",
    "faq": "https://nim-lang.org/faq.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "quineRelay": "Nim",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Nim",
    "packageRepository": "https://nimble.directory/",
    "ubuntuPackage": "nim",
    "country": "Various",
    "projectEuler": "Nim",
    "reference": "https://irclogs.nim-lang.org/01-07-2012.html",
    "compilerExplorer_example": "# Type your code here, or load an example. proc square(num: int): int {.exportc.} =   num * num ",
    "helloWorldCollection": "# Hello world in Nim  echo \"Hello World\"",
    "leachim6_example": "echo(\"Hello World\") ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# from: https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim/blob/27b081d1f77604ee47c886e69dbc52f53ea3741f/compiler/nimfix/nimfix.nim.cfg  # Special configuration file for the Nim project # gc:markAndSweep  hint[XDeclaredButNotUsed]:off path:\"$projectPath/..\"  path:\"$lib/packages/docutils\" path:\"$nim\"  define:useStdoutAsStdmsg symbol:nimfix define:nimfix  cs:partial #define:useNodeIds define:booting define:noDocgen ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/nim",
    "rijuRepl_example": "echo \"Hello, world!\"",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/nim_lang",
    "wikipedia_example": "proc printf(formatstr: cstring) {.header: \"<stdio.h>\", varargs.}  printf(\"%s %d\\n\", \"foo\", 5)",
    "leachim6": "Nim",
    "compilerExplorer": "Nim",
    "languageServerProtocolProject": "https://github.com/PMunch/nimlsp",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/nim-lang/Nim",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "#[ ]#",
    "printToken": "echo",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "assignmentToken": "=",
    "booleanTokens": "true false on off",
    "hasAssignment": true,
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasCaseInsensitiveIdentifiers": true,
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    "hasGotos": false,
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    "hasMacros": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nim_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 3,
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    "tiobe": "Nim",
    "domainName": "nim-lang.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Nim",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/Varriount/NimLime",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2022|Independently published | Mastering Nim |Rumpf, Andreas|979-8836539412\\n2017|Manning Publications|Nim in Action|Picheta, Dominik|9781617293436\\n2017|Manning|Nim in Action|Picheta, Dominik|9781638352297",
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    "id": "toml",
    "name": "TOML",
    "appeared": 2013,
    "creators": "Tom Preston-Werner",
    "measurements": 31,
    "tags": "dataNotation",
    "website": "https://toml.io",
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "githubRepo_created": 2013,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "t/TOML.toml",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 24,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2013,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
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    "standsFor": "Tom's Obvious, Minimal Language",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "configs.py",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2013,
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    "domainName_registered": 2015,
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "toml",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "toml",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "toml Pipfile poetry.lock",
    "writtenIn": "markdown python svg yaml toml",
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    "clocExtensions": "toml",
    "docs": "https://toml.io/en/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/toml",
    "leachim6_example": "Hello = \"World\" ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# This file is autogenerated, do not edit; changes may be undone by the next 'dep ensure'.   [[projects]]   branch = \"master\"   name = \"golang.org/x/net\"   packages = [\"context\"]   revision = \"2491c5de3490fced2f6cff376127c667efeed857\"  [[projects]]   branch = \"v2\"   name = \"gopkg.in/tomb.v2\"   packages = [\".\"]   revision = \"d5d1b5820637886def9eef33e03a27a9f166942c\"  [solve-meta]   analyzer-name = \"dep\"   analyzer-version = 1   inputs-digest = \"841a246fc6ac2a2ccb2ae3907a0ff3432f13e3fc44bb3c09388b0c931ef7d641\"   solver-name = \"gps-cdcl\"   solver-version = 1",
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    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/toml",
    "rijuRepl_example": "output = \"Hello, world!\" ",
    "leachim6": "TOML",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/toml-lang/toml",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "hasComments": true,
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    "hasIntegers": true,
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    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "toml.io",
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    "id": "fortran",
    "name": "Fortran",
    "appeared": 1957,
    "creators": "John Backus",
    "measurements": 62,
    "tags": "pl physics chemistry biology arrayLang",
    "spec": "https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso-iec:1539:-1:ed-4:v1:en",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "blog": "https://fortran-lang.org/en/news/",
    "rank": 50,
    "exampleCount": 6,
    "pldbScore": 25224,
    "hoplId": 8,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 7,
    "inboundLinks": "balgol chapel explor gcc icetran lfortran particles",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 2446,
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 3,
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    "githubLanguage_group": "Fortran",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
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    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-fortran",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.fortran",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "f/Fortran.f90",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 67,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2005,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "fortran.py",
    "tiobe_currentRank": 32,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1957,
    "wikipedia_related": "speedcoding algol-58 basic c chapel cms-2 pl-i pact-i mumps ratfor assembly-language laning-and-zierler-system 1620sps ucsd-pascal watfiv ascii modula-2 ada mortran ratfiv jcl simscript f",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Fortran (; formerly FORTRAN, derived from Formula Translation) is a general-purpose, imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing. Originally developed by IBM in the 1950s for scientific and engineering applications, Fortran came to dominate this area of programming early on and has been in continuous use for over half a century in computationally intensive areas such as numerical weather prediction, finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, computational physics, crystallography and computational chemistry. It is a popular language for high-performance computing and is used for programs that benchmark and rank the world's fastest supercomputers. Fortran encompasses a lineage of versions, each of which evolved to add extensions to the language while usually retaining compatibility with prior versions. Successive versions have added support for structured programming and processing of character-based data (FORTRAN 77), array programming, modular programming and generic programming (Fortran 90), high performance Fortran (Fortran 95), object-oriented programming (Fortran 2003) and concurrent programming (Fortran 2008).",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
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    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 2816,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 11168,
    "lab": "IBM",
    "fileExtensions": "f for f90 f95 f03 f08 f15",
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    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "f90",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "f03 f90 F03 F90",
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    "languageServerProtocolProject_writtenIn": "python",
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    "exercism": "https://exercism.org/tracks/fortran",
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    "gdbSupport": true,
    "visualParadigm": false,
    "docs": "https://people.ucsc.edu/~dlee79/2019/fall/am129_209/chapters/chapt02/ch02_fortran_basic.html",
    "emailList": "https://gcc.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/fortran",
    "faq": "http://www.faqs.org/faqs/fortran-faq/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/fortran77",
    "codeMirror": "fortran",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Fortran",
    "country": "United States",
    "projectEuler": "Fortran",
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    "compilerExplorer_example": "! Type your code here, or load an example. real function square(x)     implicit none     real, intent(in) :: x     square = x * x     return end function square ",
    "helloWorldCollection": "C     Hello World in Fortran        PROGRAM HELLO       WRITE (*,100)       STOP   100 FORMAT (' Hello World! ' /)       END ",
    "leachim6_example": "print *,'Hello World' end ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "! Codes/HYCOM/hycom/ATLb2.00/src_2.0.01_22_one/       real onemu, twomu       data onemu/0.0098/       data twomu/1./       data threemu/0.e9/       end ",
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    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/fortran",
    "rijuRepl_example": "       PROGRAM hello           PRINT *, \"Hello, world!\"        END PROGRAM hello ",
    "wikipedia_example": "program average    ! Read in some numbers and take the average   ! As written, if there are no data points, an average of zero is returned   ! While this may not be desired behavior, it keeps this example simple    implicit none    real, dimension(:), allocatable :: points   integer                         :: number_of_points   real                            :: average_points=0., positive_average=0., negative_average=0.    write (*,*) \"Input number of points to average:\"   read  (*,*) number_of_points    allocate (points(number_of_points))    write (*,*) \"Enter the points to average:\"   read  (*,*) points    ! Take the average by summing points and dividing by number_of_points   if (number_of_points > 0) average_points = sum(points) / number_of_points    ! Now form average over positive and negative points only   if (count(points > 0.) > 0) then      positive_average = sum(points, points > 0.) / count(points > 0.)   end if    if (count(points < 0.) > 0) then      negative_average = sum(points, points < 0.) / count(points < 0.)   end if    deallocate (points)    ! Print result to terminal   write (*,'(a,g12.4)') 'Average = ', average_points   write (*,'(a,g12.4)') 'Average of positive points = ', positive_average   write (*,'(a,g12.4)') 'Average of negative points = ', negative_average  end program average",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortran",
    "bookCount": 321,
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    "githubBigQuery": "Fortran",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/fortran.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2007|McGraw-Hill Education|Fortran 95/2003 for Scientists & Engineers|Chapman, Stephen|9780073191577\\n2015|Springer|Introduction to Programming with Fortran: With Coverage of Fortran 90, 95, 2003, 2008 and 77|Chivers, Ian|9783319177007\\n1996|Pearson|FORTRAN 90 for Engineers and Scientists|Nyhoff, Larry and Leestma, Sanford|9780135197295\\n2015|Springer|Guide to Fortran 2008 Programming|Brainerd, Walter S.|9781447167587\\n2004|Oxford University Press|Fortran 95/2003 Explained (Numerical Mathematics and Scientific Computation)|Metcalf, Michael and Reid, John and Cohen, Malcolm|9780198526933\\n1994|McGraw-Hill Education|Schaum's Outline of Programming With Fortran 77 (Schaum's Outlines)|Mayo, Willam and Cwiakala, Martin|9780070411555\\n1974|R. D. Irwin|Basic Fortran Iv Programming (irwin-dorsey Information Processing Series)|Donald H Ford|9780256015805\\n2010|Cambridge University Press|Object-Oriented Programming via Fortran 90/95|Akin, Ed|9780521524087\\n1978|The MIT Press|A FORTRAN Coloring Book|Kaufman, Roger|9780262610261\\n1990|Oxford University Press|Fortran 90 Explained (Oxford science publications)|Metcalf, Michael and Reid, John|9780198537724\\n1988|McGraw-Hill College|Fortran 77: A Structured, Disciplined Style|Davis, Gordon B.|9780070159051\\n1980|Addison-Wesley|Fortran 77: Featuring Structured Programming (3rd Edition)|Meissner, Loren P.|9780201054996\\n1995|Gulf Professional Publishing|Fortran Programs for Chemical Process Design, Analysis, and Simulation|Coker   PhD, A. Kayode|9780884152804\\n1993|O'Reilly Media|Migrating to Fortran 90 (Nutshell Handbooks)|Kerrigan, James|9781565920491\\n1981|Wadsworth Pub Co|Applied Fortran 77: Featuring Structured Programming|Roy Ageloff and Richard Mojena|9780534009618\\n1997|The MIT Press|Fortran 95 Handbook (Scientific and Engineering Computation)|Adams, Jeanne C. and Brainerd, Walter S. and Martin, Jeanne T. and Smith, Brian T. and Wagener, Jerrold L.|9780262510967\\n1961|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Guide to Fortran Programming|McCracken, Daniel D.|9780471582120\\n2019|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Fortran 2018 with Parallel Programming|Ray, Subrata|9780367218430\\n1974|Wiley|A Simplified Guide To Fortran Programming|Daniel D Mccracken|9780471582922\\n1974|Holden-Day|Fortran IV programming and applications (Holden-Day computer and information sciences series)|Sass, C. Joseph|9780816274734\\n1988|McGraw-Hill Education - Europe|Programming with Fortran 77|Ram Kumar|9780074518595\\n1978|Wiley|Advanced Programming Techniques: A Second Course in Programming Using Fortran|Hughes, Charles E. and Pfleeger, Charles P. and Rose, Lawrence L.|9780471026112\\n20090114|Taylor & Francis|Classical Fortran|Michael Kupferschmid|9781420059144\\n1968|Heinemann|Fortran programming;: A complete course in writing Fortran programs|Watters, John|9780435778002\\n2014|Springer|Introduction to Modern Fortran for the Earth System Sciences (Springerbriefs in Earth System Sciences)|Chirila, Dragos B. and Lohmann, Gerrit|9783642370090\\n1982|Boyd & Fraser Pub. Co|Structured Fortran 77 Programming (boyd & Fraser Computer Science Series)|Seymour V Pollack|9780878350957\\n1981|Reston, Va. : Reston, 1981.|Structured FORTRAN with WATFIV|John B. Moore and Leo Makela|9780835971041\\n1972|The MIT Press|A Primer for FORTRAN IV|Selfridge, Oliver|9780262690355\\n1979|Heinemann Educational Books - Secondary Division|Programming in Standard FORTRAN 77|Balfour FIMA FBCS, A. and Marwick MBCS, D.H.|9780435774868\\n1998|Wiley|Computing for Scientists: Principles of Programming with Fortran 90 and C++|Barlow, R. J. and Barnett, A. R. and Barnett, AR|9780471951148\\n1982|Mcgraw-hill|Computer Programming In Fortran And Other Languages|P. V. Rao|9780070965690\\n1978|McGraw-Hill|Schaum's Outline of Programming with FORTRAN Including Structured FORTRAN|Lipschutz, Seymour and Poe, Arthur|9780070379848\\n1979|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Introduction To Business Data Processing With Basic, Fortran And Cobol Programming|Donald Keith Caver|9780471030911\\n2019|Springer|Numerical Methods of Mathematics Implemented in Fortran (Forum for Interdisciplinary Mathematics)|Sujit Kumar Bose|9789811371141\\n|Springer-verlag|Lancelot: A Fortran Package For Large-scale Nonlinear Optimization (release A)|Conn, A. R. (andrew R.)|9783642081392\\n1980|Winthrop Publishers|Fundamentals Of Fortran Programming|Robert C Nickerson|9780876263013\\n1994|Wiley|Fortran 90 and Engineering Computation|Schick, William and Silverman, Gordon|9780471585121\\n1978|Little Brown & Co|Programming For Poets: A Gentle Introduction Using Fortran With Watfiv (his Programming For Poets Series)|Richard Walter Conway and James Archer|9780876267226\\n1983|Prentice Hall|Fundamental Computer Programming Using FORTRAN 77|Grout, Jarrell C.|9780133351415\\n2013|Machinery Industry Press|Fortran Programming Definitive Guide(chinese Edition)|Bai Hai Bo|9787111421146\\n1974|Prentice Hall Ptr|Elementary Computer Programming In Fortran Iv|Boris W. Boguslavsky|9780879092511\\n1998|Springer|On Systems Analysis and Simulation of Ecological Processes with Examples in CSMP, FST and FORTRAN||9780792355267\\n1994|Oxford University Press|An Introduction To Fortran 90 For Scientific Computing|James M. Ortega|9780195172133\\n1981|Hayden Book Co|Fortran With Style: Programming Proverbs (hayden Computer Programming Series)|Henry F Ledgard|9780810456822\\n1978|HarperCollins|Fortran 77 Programming|Brainerd, Walter S.|9780060423940\\n2000|Mcgraw Hill Text|Fortran Iv Programming|Ledley|9780070369733\\n1989|Wiley|Essentials of FORTRAN 77|Shelley, John|9780471923787\\n1977|W. C. Brown Co|Business Programming In Fortran Iv|Nesa L'abbe Wu|9780697081230\\n1980|Rinehart Press|Elements Of Fortran Iv Programming|Wilson T Price|9780030895029\\n1970|Imprint unknown|Standard Fortran programming manual (Computer standards series)||9780850120219\\n1988|Oxford [england] ; Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1988.|An Introduction To Programming In Fortran 77|J.S. Morgan and J.L. Schonfelder|9780632017485\\n2005|Springer|Developing Statistical Software in Fortran 95 (Statistics and Computing)|Lemmon, David R. and Schafer, Joseph L.|9780387281230\\n1975|Intext Educational Publishers|An introduction to FORTRAN IV programming: A general approach|Murrill, Paul W|9780700224692\\n1969|Holt, Rinehart And Winston|Elements Of Basic Fortran Iv Programming: As Implemented On The Ibm 1130/1800 Computers|Price, Wilson T.|9780030765605\\n1988|Bernard Babani (publishing) Ltd|Programming In Fortran 77 (bernard Babani Publishing Radio And Electronics Books) (bernard Babani Publishing Radio & Electronics Books)|Noel Kantaris|9780859341950\\n1998|Springer|On Systems Analysis And Simulation Of Ecological Processes With Examples In Csmp, Fst And Fortran (current Issues In Production Ecology)|P.A. Leffelaar|9780792355250\\n2019-08-22T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Abstracting Away the Machine: The History of the FORTRAN Programming Language (FORmula TRANslation)|Lorenzo, Mark Jones|9781082395949\\n2018|Springer|Introduction to Programming with Fortran|Chivers, Ian and Sleightholme, Jane|9783319755021\\n2004|Prentice-Hall of India Pvt.Ltd|Computer Programming in Fortran 77: An Introduction to Fortran 90|V. Rajaram|9788120311725\\n1995-05-01T00:00:01Z|McGraw-Hill|Schaum's Outline of Theory and Problems of Programming With Fortran 90 (Schaum's Outlines)|Mayo, William E. and Cwiakala, Martin|9780070411562\\n2013|Morgan Kaufmann|CUDA Fortran for Scientists and Engineers: Best Practices for Efficient CUDA Fortran Programming|Ruetsch, Gregory and Fatica, Massimiliano|9780124169708\\n2017|McGraw-Hill Higher Education|Fortran for Scientists & Engineers|Chapman, Stephen|9781260029857\\n2019|Pearson|FORTRAN 77 for Engineers and Scientists with an Introduction to FORTRAN 90 (4th Edition)|Nyhoff, Larry and Leestma, Sanford|9780133630039\\n1998-09-09T00:00:01Z|Wiley|Computing for Scientists: Principles of Programming with Fortran 90 and C++|Barlow, R. J. and Barnett, A. R. and Barnett, AR|9780471955962\\n2011|Oxford University Press|Modern Fortran Explained (Numerical Mathematics and Scientific Computation)|Metcalf, Michael and Reid, John and Cohen, Malcolm|9780199601424\\n2012-02-09T00:00:01Z|Springer|Introduction to Programming with Fortran: With Coverage of Fortran 90, 95, 2003, 2008 and 77|chivers, ian and Sleightholme, Jane|9780857292322\\n2018-08-31T00:00:01Z|Springer|Introduction to Programming with Fortran|Chivers, Ian and Sleightholme, Jane|9783319755014\\n1997|McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math|FORTRAN 90/95 for Scientists and Engineers|Chapman, Stephen J.|9780070119383\\n1999|Pearson|Introduction to FORTRAN 90 (ESource Series)|Nyhoff, Larry R. and Leestma, Sanford|9780130131461\\n2015|Springer|Introduction to Programming with Fortran: With Coverage of Fortran 90, 95, 2003, 2008 and 77|Chivers, Ian and Sleightholme, Jane|9783319177014\\n1990-07-01T00:00:01Z|Addison-Wesley|Fortran 77 Programming: With an Introduction to the Fortran 90 Standard (International Computer Science Series)|Ellis, T. M. R.|9780201416381\\n2019|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Programming with Visual Studio: Fortran & Python & C++|Rapado, Miguel A. and Moreno, Belen and Hernandez, Juan A.|9781727581539\\n1994-05-31T00:00:01Z|Addison Wesley|Fortran 90 Programming (International Computer Science Series)|Ellis, T.M.R. and Phillips, Ivor R. and Lahey, Thomas M.|9780201544466\\n1990|O'Reilly Media|UNIX for FORTRAN Programmers (Nutshell Handbooks)|Loukides, Mike|9780937175514\\n1972|Wiley|A guide to Fortran IV programming|McCracken, Daniel D|9780471582816\\n1996|Pearson|Introduction to FORTRAN 90 for Engineers and Scientists|Nyhoff, Larry R. and Leestma, Sanford|9780135052150\\n2016|Springer|Guide to Fortran 2008 Programming|Brainerd, Walter S.|9781447168898\\n2008|Springer|Introduction to Programming with Fortran: with coverage of Fortran 90, 95, 2003 and 77|Chivers, Ian and Sleightholme, Jane|9781846280535\\n1995|Springer|Upgrading to Fortran 90|Redwine, Cooper|9780387979953\\n2009|Springer|Guide to Fortran 2003 Programming|Brainerd, Walter S.|9781848825437\\n1995|Springer|Programmer's Guide to Fortran 90|Brainerd, Walter S. and Goldberg, Charles H. and Adams, Jeanne C.|9780387945705\\n1996|Addison-Wesley|Fortran|Koffman, Elliot B. and Friedman, Frank L.|9780201590623\\n2009|Springer|Guide to Fortran 2003 Programming|Brainerd, Walter S.|9781848825420\\n1992-12T|Benjamin-Cummings Pub Co|Structured Fortran 77 for Engineers and Scientists|Etter, D.M.|9780805317756\\n1983|Cambridge University Press|Illustrating FORTRAN|Alcock, Donald G.|9780521288101\\n2018|Oxford University Press|Introduction to Computational Economics Using Fortran|Fehr, Hans and Kindermann, Fabian|9780198804390\\n2004-08-15T00:00:01Z|Prentice-Hall of India Pvt.Ltd|Computer Programming in Fortran 90 and 95|V. Rajaram|9788120311817\\n1980|Wiley|Principles of Fortran 77 Programming|Wagener, Jerrold L.|9780471044741\\n1980|Barnes & Noble|Programming in Fortran: Structured Programming With Fortran IV and Fortran 77 (The Barnes & Noble outline series)|Zwass, Vladimir|9780064601948\\n1993|The MIT Press|The High Performance Fortran Handbook (Scientific and Engineering Computation)|Koelbel, Charles H. and Loveman, David and Schreiber, Robert S. and Jr., Guy Lewis Steele and Zosel, Mary|9780262610940\\n2017-03-26T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Fortran Crash Course: Step by Step Guide to Mastering Fortran Programming|PG Wizard Books|9781544955353\\n1987|Wiley|High-Resolution Computer Graphics using FORTRAN 77|Angell, Ian O. and Griffith, Gareth H.|9780470207734\\n1996|Springer|Fortran 95 Language Guide|Gehrke, Wilhelm|9783540760627\\n1988|Wiley|FORTRAN Tools for VAX/VMS and MS-DOS|Jones, Russell K. and Crabtree, Tracy|9780471619765\\n1995|Wiley|Programming in Fortran 90: A First Course for Engineers and Scientists|Smith, I. M.|9780471941859\\n2015|Lulu.com|Fortran Programming success in a day|Key, Sam|9781329427396\\n1983|William C Brown Pub|ANSI Fortran IV With Fortran 77 Extensions: A Structured Programming Approach|Cole, J. W. Perry|9780697081728\\n1974-12-01T00:00:01Z|Pearson College Div|Ten Statement Fortran Plus Fortran IV: Sensible, Modular, and Structured Programming With Watfor and Watfiv|Kennedy, Michael|9780139033858\\n1995|Pws Pub Co|FORTRAN 90|Meissner, Loren P.|9780534933722\\n1973|Wiley|Fortran codes for mathematical programming: linear, quadratic and discrete|Land, A. H|9780471512707\\n1972|Cambridge University Press|Fortran Techniques with Special Reference to Non-numerical Applications|Day, A. Colin|9780521097192\\n1964|Wiley|Numerical Methods and Fortran Programming|Daniel D McCracken, william Dorn|9780471582854\\n1975|Pearson College Div|Watfiv: Fortran Programming With the Watfiv Compiler|Moore, John B.|9780879098766\\n1983-01-01T00:00:01Z|Addison-Wesley|A Structured Approach to Fortran 77 Programming (International computer science series)|Ellis, T. M. R.|9780201137903\\n1978T|W. C. Brown|ANSI Fortran IV: A structured programming approach|Cole, J. W. Perry|9780697081254\\n1985-02-01T00:00:01Z|Scott Foresman & Co|Fundamentals of Fortran 77 Programming: A Structured Approach|Nickerson, Robert C.|9780673390394\\n1976|Harcourt Brace Jovanovich|Simplified ANSI FORTRAN IV programming||9780155810402\\n1994|Oxford University Press|An Introduction to Fortran for Scientific Computing|Ortega, James M.|9780030031281\\n2000|Springer|Introducing Fortran 95|Chivers, Ian and Sleightholme, Jane|9781852332761\\n1995|Wiley|Advanced Scientific Fortran|Willé, David R.|9780471953838\\n1979|Elsevier Science|Programming in Standard Fortran 77|Balfour, Alexander|9780444194657\\n1977T|Addison-Wesley Pub. Co|Problem solving and structured programming in FORTRAN (Addison-Wesley series in computer science and information processing)|Friedman, Frank L|9780201019674\\n1984-03-01T00:00:01Z|West Group|Fortran for Humans|Didday, Rich and Page, Rex|9780314778871\\n1972T|McGraw-Hill|A short course in basic Fortran IV programming based on the IBM System/360 and System/370|Lee, Robert M|9780070369986\\n1978|Science Research Associates|FORTRAN programming using structured flowcharts|Haskell, Richard E|9780574211354\\n1990T|Addison-Wesley|Problem solving and structured programming in FORTRAN 77|Koffman, Elliot B|9780201512168\\n1987|Benjamin/Cummings Pub. Co|Structured FORTRAN 77 for engineers and scientists|Etter, D. M|9780805324952\\n1975|Harcourt Brace Jovanovich|FORTRAN programming: A spiral approach, with WATFOR/WATFIV and standard FORTRAN|Kreitzberg, Charles B|9780155280120\\n1973|Intext Educational Publishers|Fortran IV programming for engineers and scientists|Murrill, Paul W|9780700224197\\n1998|Cambridge University Press|Fundamentals of Engineering Programming with C and Fortran|Myler, Harley R.|9780521620635\\n1989|Wiley|FORTRAN and The Art of PC Programming|Ward, Tim and Bromhead, Eddie|9780471922537\\n1988|Wiley|Computing for Engineers and Scientists with FORTRAN 77|McCracken, Daniel D. and Salmon, William I.|9780471625520\\n1995|Wiley|Fortran 90 for Engineers|Etter, Delores M.|9780805364651\\n1993|The MIT Press|The High Performance Fortran Handbook|Koelbel, Charles|9780262111850\\n1985|Little, Brown|Fundamentals of FORTRAN 77 programming: A structured approach (Little, Brown computer systems series)|Nickerson, Robert C|9780316606530\\n1976T|Wadsworth Pub. Co|Applied Fortran IV programming|Sturgul, John R|9780534004408\\n1992|W H Freeman & Co|Fortran for the '90s: Problem Solving for Scientists and Engineers|Edgar, Stacey L.|9780716782476\\n1997|Pws Pub Co|Contemporary Computing for Engineers and Scientists Using Fortran 90|Forsythe, Chester|9780534931391\\n1981-06-01T00:00:01Z|Sheridan House Inc|Programming With Fortran 77|Ashcroft, J.|9780246115737\\n1981|Prentice-Hall|Structured programming in FORTRAN|Hill, Louis A|9780138546120\\n1977|Springer|FORTRAN Programming: A Supplement for Calculus Courses (Universitext)|Fuller, W. R.|9780387902838\\n1976|Hodder & Stoughton Ltd|Computer Science Studies: Computer Programming - Fortran (Teach Yourself S.)|A.S. Radford|9780340194959\\n1992|McGraw-Hill College|Fortran For Today and Tomorrow|Pressman, Michael H. and Pressman, Michael|9780697044839\\n1976T|American Elsevier Pub. Co|JCL and advanced Fortran programming (Methods in geomathematics)|Ramdén, H. Å|9780444414151\\n1989|Brooks/Cole Pub Co|Fortran 77 P.D.Q. (Brooks/Cole Brief Programming Guides)|Boyle, Thomas A.|9780534099367\\n1978|Addison Wesley Publishing Company|An Introduction to Programming and Applications with FORTRAN|Hull, T. E.|9780201030662\\n1973|Prentice-Hall|Problems for a computer-oriented calculus course,: With an appendix on elementary FORTRAN programming|Allen, Richard C|9780137164233\\n2004|China Electric Power Press Pub. Date :2004-1-2|Fortran 95 programming|PENG GUO LUN|9787508310626\\n2018|Independently published|Programming in Vienna Fortran|NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration|9781729236505\\n1972|prentice Hall|A Fortran programming course,|James, Edward|9780133297485\\n1987T|McGraw-Hill Book Company|Theory and problems of Programming with Fortran (including Structured Fortran) S|Lipschutz, Seymour; Poe, Arthur|9780070990333\\n1970|Prentice-Hall|A Fortran programming course|James, Edward|9780133297300\\n1971T|Harcourt Brace Jovanovich|Simplified FORTRAN IV programming|Silver, Gerald A|9780155810495\\n1977|Wadsworth Pub. Co|Applied FORTRAN programming: With standard FORTRAN, WATFOR, WATFIV, and structured WATFIV|Merchant, Michael J|9780534004972\\n2019|Independently published|\"Fortran Programming Notebook: A Fortran Programming Notebook|Journal|Diary For Daily Use\"|LLC Publishing, Sanders Industries|9781691114672\\n1985|Course Technology Ptr|Structured Programming Using Fortran 77|McKeown, Patrick G.|9780155844117\\n1980|McGraw-Hill|Structured FORTRAN WATFIV-S programming|Tremblay, Jean-Paul|9780070651715\\n2019|Chapman and Hall/CRC|Fortran 2018 with Parallel Programming|Ray, Subrata|9781000546859\\n1981-11-03T00:00:01Z|Financial Times Prentice Hall (a Pearson Education company)|Pocket Guide to Fortran (Programming Pocket Guides)|Ridler, Philip F.|9780273016830\\n1978|Pitman|Principles of programming: An introduction with Fortran|James, Edward B|9780273012214\\n1970|McGraw-Hill|Fortran programming, programs, and schematic storage maps|Mochel, Myron G|9780070426351\\n1971T|Harrap|Introduction to FORTRAN programming, (Engineering science monographs)|Liddell, Heather Mary|9780245505225\\n1983|Boyd & Fraser Pub Co|Structured Fortran 77 Programming With Hewlett-Packard Computers|Pollack, Seymour V.|9780878351305\\n1972|National Computing Centre|Standard Fortran programming manual (Computers and the professional)|National Computing Centre Limited|9780850120639\\n1969|Chapman & Hall|A course on programming in FORTRAN IV (Science paperbacks)|Calderbank, Valerie Joyce|9780412206405\\n1975|Prentice-hall|Ten Statement Fortran Plus Fortran Iv: Sensible, Modular, And Structured Programming With Watfor And Watfiv, Second Edition, [by] Michael Kenndy, Martin B. Solomon : Instructor's Manual|Bowdon, Edward K|9780139034275\\n2012|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|Analytical Derivatives and Lone Pair Description Using FSGO: Evaluation and FORTRAN Programming of The First and Second Derivatives|Oftadeh, Mohsen|9783848434916\\n1995|Springer|Introducing Fortran 90|Chivers, I. D. (ian David) , 1952-|9783540199403\\n||Fortran Programming Language Family: Fortran, Watfiv, Fortress, Dap Fortran, Ratfor, High Performance Fortran, Industrial Real-time Fortran|Books and LLC|9781155741505\\n1980|Sterling Swift Pub Co|Fortran Programming|Donald D. Spencer|9780892180424\\n1977|Camelot Pub. Co|Fortran Programming|Donald D Spencer|9780892180066\\n1969|Wiley|Fortran Programming|Stuart, Fredric.|9780471834779\\n1977|Camelot Pub. Co|Fortran Programming|Donald D Spencer|9780892180073\\n1982/11/01|London ; Academic Press, 1982.|FORTRAN optimization|Michael Metcalf|9780124924802\\n2009-01-14|CRC Press|Classical Fortran|Michael Kupferschmid|9781439894873\\n20111205|Cambridge University Press|Modern Fortran|Norman S. Clerman; Walter Spector|9781107385108\\n||Fortran Programming|Jamison and Robert|9781114456150\\n1971|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Fortran Programming|Fredric Stuart|9780471834663\\n20201007|Simon & Schuster|Modern Fortran|Milan Curcic|9781638350057\\n1969|John Wiley & Sons|Introduction To Fortran Ii And Fortran Iv Programming|D.k. Carver|9780471138600\\n||Introduction To Fortran 2 And Fortran 4 Programming|Carver and D K|9781114362185\\n1969|Wiley, Us|Introduction To Fortran Ii And Fortran Iv Programming|Carver and D K.|9780471138617\\n2003|Iuniverse Inc|Fortran Programming Guide|Sun Microsystems Inc.|9780595732012\\n2007|Sun Microsystems Inc|Fortran Programming Guide|Sun Microsystems Inc|9780595352302\\n||Fortran Programming Guide|Sun Microsystems Inc|9780595286478\\n20180823|Oxford University Press Academic UK|Modern Fortran Explained|Michael Metcalf; John Reid; Malcolm Cohen|9780192539878\\n2005|Iuniverse Inc|Fortran Programming Guide|Sun Microsystems Inc.|9780595353279\\n2005|Iuniverse Inc|Fortran Programming Guide|Inc. Sun Microsystems|9780595285129\\n2005|Iuniverse Inc|Fortran Programming Guide|Sun Microsystems Inc.|9780595353026\\n2004|Iuniverse Inc|Fortran Programming Guide|Inc. Sun Microsystems|9780595284900\\n1988|Springer Berlin Heidelberg|Fortran 77 -- Strukturiert|Werner Junginger|9783642719028\\n1979|Addison-wesley|Programming In Fortran|William F. Schallert and Carol R. Clark|9780201067163\\n||Programming Language Fortran||9780726255137\\n1972|University of Birmingham, Computer Centre|Programming In Fortran|Burkhardt, Diana.|9780704400054\\n2003|Iuniverse Inc|Fortran Programming Guide|Sun Microsystems Inc.|9780595732340\\n1976|Reston Pub. Co|Fortran Iv Programming|V. Thomas Dock|9780879092795\\n2004|Iuniverse Inc|Fortran Programming Guide|Sun Microsystems Inc.|9780595286751\\n1972|Reston Pub. Co|Fortran Iv Programming|V. Thomas Dock|9780879092719\\n2018||Modern Fortran Explained|Michael Metcalf and John Ker Reid and Malcolm Cohen|9780191850028\\n20121206|Springer Nature|Introducing Fortran 95|Ian Chivers; Jane Sleightholme|9781447104032\\n1982|William C Brown Pub|Ansi Fortran Iv And Fortran 77: Programming With Business Applications|Nesa L'abbe Wu|9780697081537\\n1972|Wadsworth Pub. Co|Applied Fortran Iv Programming|John R Sturgul|9780534001285\\n1975|Addison-wesley|Basic Fortran Iv Programming|Jeremiah J. Healy|9780201028270\\n1999|Alfred Waller|Programming In Fortran 90|Morgan and J. S. and Schonfelder and J. L.|9781872474069\\n1966|Prentice Hall|Computer Programming Fortran Iv|Decima M. Anderson|9780131648227\\n1971|Wiley|Watfor/watfiv Fortran Programming|Fredric Stuart|9780471834717\\n2000|China Press|Fortran Programming Tutorial (2)|Wang Zhao Rong. Yao Quan Zhu|9787560604831\\n1981|Homewood: Irwin|Essentials Of Fortran Programming|Malley and John C. and & Ralph M. Stair and Jr.|9780256023886\\n1993|Mcgraw-hill Osborne Media|Fortran Programming For Windows|L. John Ribar|9780078819087\\n1969|Sams|Comprehensive Standard Fortran Programming|Haag                         Jn|9780810458123\\n1974|Winthrop Publishers, Incorporated|Fundamentals Of Fortran Programming|Robert C. Nickerson|9780876263006\\n1972|National Computing Centre|Standard Fortran Programming Manual|National Computing Centre Limited|9780850121032\\n1989|Halsted Press|Programming With Fortran 77|R.s. Dhaliwal|9788122400946\\n1984|Richard D Irwin|Essentials Of Fortran Programming|Unknown|9780256023909\\n1981|Prentice Hall|Business Programming In Fortran Iv And Ansi Fortran: A Structured Approach|Asad S. O. Khailany|9780131076075\\n1981|Random House Electronic Pub|Computer Programming In Fortran|Arthur S. Radford|9780679103783\\n1973|Scott, Foresman|Linear Programming With Fortran|Carvel S Wolfe|9780673077974\\n1973|Science Research Associates|Fortran Programming And Watfiv|James L Parker and Marilyn Bohl|9780574170705\\n1982|Little, Brown|Fundamentals Of Fortran Programming|Robert C Nickerson|9780316606448\\n1995|Mcgraw-hill Education - Europe|Programming With Fortran 77|Mayo|9780071135320\\n1980|Blackwell Publishers|Standard Fortran Programming Manual||9780850122398\\n1978|New York : McGraw-Hill, c1978.|Introduction to FORTRAN IV|Hammond and Robert H.|9780070258976\\n20120618|Cambridge University Press|Modern Fortran in Practice|Arjen Markus|9781139506328\\n2/1/1979|St. Paul : West Pub. Co., c1979.|Structured FORTRAN IV programming|Dock and V. Thomas|9780829902495\\n1984|Addison-wesley|Fortran 77 Featuring Structured Programming|Loren P. Meissner|9780075823285\\n1969|Mcgraw-hill Book Company|Computer Usage: 360 Fortran Programming.|Computer Usage Co. and Inc. Staff; Eric A. Weiss|9780070123816\\n||Simplified Guide to FORTRAN Programming|McCracken and McRacke|9780471582939\\n2000|Higher Education Press|Fortran Language Programming(chinese Edition)|Tan Hao Qiang Tian Shu Qing|9787040007589\\n||Basic Fortran Programming Rev Edition|Harvill and John B|9781114482616\\n2003||Programming In Fortran 90/95|Dhall|9780536707154\\n1980|Prentice-hall|Structured Fortran With Watfiv-s|Paul Cress|9780138547523\\n1985|Thomson Learning|Fundamental Programming With Fortran 77|J. Denbigh Starkey|9780314778055\\n||Introduction To Fortran 4 Programming|Dimitry and Donald L|9781114370715\\n1984|University Press Of America|Elementary Fortran Iv Microeconomics Programs|Siegfried B.y. Ayatey|9780819139504\\n2009|China Electric Power Press Pub. Date :2009-8-1|Fortran 952003 Programming - Third Edition|(mei )cha Pu Man (chapman.s.j. )|9787508386706\\n1982|Harcourt College Pub|Fortran Programming: A Spiral Approach|Charles B. Kreitzberg|9780155280151\\n1978|Chinese University Press|Course On Programming In Fortran|Hung, Hing Sum. and Loh, Shiu-chang|9789622011687\\n1979|Heinemann Educational Publishers|Programming In Standard Fortran 77|A; Marwick, David Balfour|9780435774851\\n1975/12/01|Englewood Cliffs, N.J. : Prentice-Hall, [1975]|FORTRAN programming for civil engineers|Richard H. McCuen|9780133294170\\n|Melbourne : Longman Cheshire, 1989.|Computer Programming In Fortran 77||9780582711853\\n1979|Wadsworth Pub Co|The Abc's Of Fortran Programming|Michael J. Merchant|9780534006341\\n2019|Crc Press,|Fortran 2018 With Parallel Programming|Ray, Subrata|\\n2019|Taylor & Francis Group|Fortran 2018 With Parallel Programming|Subrata Ray|9781000542028\\n2012|Springer Science & Business Media|Introduction To Programming With Fortran|Ian Chivers and Jane Sleightholme|9780857292339\\n1965|Prentice-hall, Inc.|Fortran Iv: Programming And Computing|James T. Golden|9780133297553\\n1996|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Advanced Fortran Programming For Windows|Templeman|9780471956853\\n1974|Prentice-hall (india)|Computer Programming In Fortran Iv|V Rajaraman|9780876920077\\n2006|Springer Science & Business Media|Introduction To Programming With Fortran|Ian Chivers and Jane Sleightholme|9781846280542\\n|Dubuque, Iowa : W.c. Brown, [1973]|Business Programming In Fortran Iv||9780697081063\\n20150903|Springer Nature|Guide to Fortran 2008 Programming|Walter S. Brainerd|9781447167594\\n09/2013|Elsevier S & T|CUDA Fortran for Scientists and Engineers: Best Practices for Efficient CUDA Fortran Programming|Ruetsch, Gregory; Fatica, Massimiliano|9780124169722\\n1981|Addison Wesley Publishing Company|Problem Solving & Structured Programming In Fortran|Elliot B. Koffman and Frank L. Friedman|9780201024654\\n1980|Reston Pub Co|Elementary Computer Programming In Fortran Iv|Boris W. Boguslavsky|9780835916486\\n2004|Iuniverse Inc|Fortran 95 Interval Arithmetic Programming Reference|Sun Microsystems Inc.|9780595286560\\n1971|Mcgraw Hill Text|Fortran Iv Programming: A Concise Exposition.|Anthony. Ralston|9780070511644\\n1990|Wiley|Efficient Fortran Programming (wiley Professional Computing)|Anton Kruger|9780471528944\\n1973|Houghton Mifflin School|Programming Business Applications In Fortran Iv|Phillip T. May|9780395140475\\n1985|Prentice Hall Ptr|Linear Programming With Basic And Fortran|Carvel Wolfe|9780835940825\\n|Springer International Publishing :|Introduction To Programming With Fortran: With Coverage Of Fortran 90, 95, 2003, 2008 And 77|Chivers, Ian (author.)|9783319177007\\n1982|Pearson College Div|Introduction To Programming Using Fortran 77|Glen A. Gibson|9780134935515\\n1990|Tsinghua University Press, China|Fortran Language - Fortran77 Structured Programming (paperback)|Tan Hao Qiang Tian Shu Qing|9787302006237\\n1978|Prentice Hall Ptr|Introduction To Engineering Including Fortran Programming|L. S. Fletcher; Terry E. Shoup|9780135018583\\n1981|Engineering Press|Fortran Programming With Applications To Engineering|Jack B Evett|9780910554329\\n2005|Iuniverse Inc|Fortran 95 Interval Arithmetic Programming Reference|Sun Microsystems Inc.|9780595353361\\n1999||Modern Programming With Digital Visual Fortran|Brainerd and Walter and Hendrickson and Dick and Green and Ron|9781555582197\\n1984|Prentice Hall|Programming With Fortran Iv (qpi Series)|Byron S. Gottfried|9780137296996\\n1967|John Wiley & Sons Ltd|Mathematics And Computing: With Fortran Programming|Dorn and William S.; Greenberg and H. J.|9780471219156\\n1979|Brady|Programming Fortran 77: A Structured Approach|Hume and J.n.p. and Holt and R.c.|9780835956710\\n20200109|Oxford University Press Academic UK|Introduction to Computational Economics Using Fortran|Hans Fehr; Maurice Hofmann; Fabian Kindermann|9780192590640\\n1993/06/01|Amer Computer Pr|Programming Byte by Byte Structured Fortran|Bijan Mashaw|9780934433082\\n2004|Iuniverse Inc|Fortran 95 Interval Arithmetic Programming Reference|Sun Microsystems Inc.|9780595286843\\n1973|Addison-wesley Publishing Company|Simplified Fortran Programming: With Companion Problems,|Lisa And Judah Rosenblatt|9780201065114\\n1983|Chapman & Hall|Course In Programming In Fortran Iv|V. J. Calderbank|9780412237904\\n2005|Iuniverse Inc|Fortran 95 Interval Arithmetic Programming Reference|Inc. Sun Microsystems|9780595285228\\n1981|Hayden Book Co|Basic Fortran (hayden Computer Programming Series)|James S Coan|9780810451681\\n1987|Clarendon Press|Fortran 8X Explained (Oxford science publications)|Michael Metcalf and John K. Reid|9780198537311\\n1/1/1985|New York : Macmillan ; c1985.|FORTRAN 77 for engineers and scientists|Larry Nyhoff and Sanford Leestma|9780023886201\\n1967|New York, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1967.|Fortran programming for the behavioural sciences|Donald J Veldman|9780030659409\\n20180308|Oxford University Press Academic UK|Introduction to Computational Economics Using Fortran|Hans Fehr; Fabian Kindermann|9780192526571\\n1967|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Introduction To Numerical Methods And Fortran Programming|Thomas Richard Mccalla|9780471581253\\n1995|Addison Wesley Publishing Company|C Fortran 90 Programming 58043 & 54446 Pkg|T M Ellis|9780201461497\\n1969|Chapman & Hall|A Course On Programming In Fortran Iv|Valerie Joyce Calderbank|9780412092503\\n1969|Computer Systems (aust.)|Basic Fortran Iv Programming [version Ibm 360|John Markus. Blatt|9780130614575\\n1983|Little, Brown & Company|Programming Byte By Byte: Structured Fortran 77|Bijan Mashaw|9780316549097\\n1989|Halsted Pr|Programming With Fortran 77: A Structures Approach|Ranjit S. Dhaliwal|9780470213568\\n1994|Saunders College Pub.|Introduction To Fortran 90 For Scientific Computing|Ortega, James M.|9780030101984\\n1979|Allyn & Bacon|Introduction To Computer Programming For Chemists: Fortran|Thomas L Isenhour|9780205058976\\n2015|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Fortran Programming Success In A Day: Beginners Guide To Fast, Easy And Efficient Learning Of Fortran Programming|Sam Key|9781514602423\\n1972||A Guide To Fortran Programming And Uniwaft|Thomas A Reid|9780959945201\\n1979|Prentice Hall|Fortran Computer Programming For Statistics: A Manual|Richard C. Fegan; Susan L. Brosche|9780133293265\\n1975|Allyn And Bacon|Fundamentals Of Fortran Programming: With Watfor/watfiv|Terry M Walker|9780205048854\\n2011||Articles On Fortran Programming Language Family, Including|Hephaestus Books|9781242974243\\n1983|Financial Times Management|Pocket Guide: Fortran 77 (pocket Programming Guide)|Ulive Page|9780273019732\\n1987|Addison Wesley Publishing Company|Pocket Guide To... Fortran (programming Pocket Guides)|P. Ridler and Philip Ridler|9780201077469\\n1983|Henry Holt &amp; Co|Programming the IBM Personal Computer: Fortran 77|Robert A. Rouse|9780030636684\\n1980|Winthrop Publishers|Top-down, Modular Programming In Fortran With Watfiv|R Chattergy|9780876268797\\n2012|Cambridge University Press|Fundamentals Of Engineering Programming With C And Fortran|Harley R. Myler|9781139175029\\n1989|Chapman & Hall|Programming In Fortran (chapman And Hall Computing Series)|Valerie Joyce Calderbank|9780412305009\\n1989|Chapman & Hall|Programming In Fortran (chapman And Hall Computing Series)|Valerie Joyce Calderbank|9780412305108\\n1987|Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc|Programming For The Social Sciences: Algorithm & Fortran 77|Lehman|9780898599787\\n1968|Goodyear|Introduction To Fortran Iv Programming: Using Watfor Compiler|John M Blatt|9780876204382\\n1981|Pearson College Div|Computing: A Problem-solving Approach With Fortran 77|T. Ray Nanney|9780131652095\\n1983|Chapman And Hall|A Course On Programming In Fortran (science Paperbacks)|Valerie Joyce Calderbank|9780412242700\\n1987|Addison-wesley|Problem Solving And Structured Programming In Fortran 77|Elliot B Koffman|9780201115611\\n1975|Westinghouse Learning Press|Computer Programming: An Individualized Course In Fortran Iv|Carl A Grame|9780882507828\\n1986|Boyd & Fraser Pub. Co|Vax Fortran (the Boyd & Fraser Programming Language Series)|David G Weinman|9780878351725\\n1986|Hutchinson|Scientific Programming: Using Fortran 77 (hutchinson Computer Studies Series)|William M Turner|9780091616014\\n1983|William C Brown Pub|A Structured Approach To Fortran 77 Programming With Watfiv|C. Joseph Sass|9780205079186\\n1975|Petrocelli/charter|Fortran Iv With Watfiv: A First Course In Programming|Graham M Campbell|9780884053064\\n1975|Hayden Book Co|Programming Proverbs For Fortran Programmers (hayden Computer Programming Series)|Henry F Ledgard|9780810458208\\n||Introduction To Fortran 90-95, Algorithms And Structured Programming|Robin Anthony Vowels|9780959638486\\n1970|International Textbook Co|An Introduction To Fortran Iv Programming;: A General Approach|Paul W Murrill|9780700222667\\n1972|Holt, R & W|Introduction To Fortran Iv Programming: A Self-paced Approach|Dickson and G|9780030880889\\n1970-06|Mcgraw Hill Text|Fortran Iv Programming: Based On The Ibm System 1130|Robert V. Jamison|9780070322707\\n1977|Holt, Rinehart And Winston|Computers, Their Impact And Use: Structured Programming In Fortran|Robert Emmett Lynch|9780030885259\\n1972|Cambridge University Press|Fortran Techniques With Special Reference To Non-numerical Applications|A. Colin Day|9780521085496\\n1975|Hayden Book Co|Fortran Fundamentals: A Short Course (hayden Computer Programming Series)|Jack Steingraber|9780810458604\\n2001||Fortran 95 Interval Arithmetic Programming Reference - Japanese Language Version|Sun Microsystems Inc.|9781400530021\\n1971|Auerbach|Fortran Iv With Watfiv;: A First Course In Programming|Graham M Campbell|9780877690672\\n1984|Barrons Educational Series Inc|Computer Programming In Fortran The Easy Way (barron's Easy Way)|Lawrence S. Leff and Arlene Podos|9780812028003\\n1972|Anaheim Pub Co|Introduction To Computer Programming-basic Fortran 4: A Practical Approach|William J. Keys and Thomas J. Cashman|9780882361512\\n|Wiley|Digital Computing: Fortran Iv And Its Applications In Behavioral Science|Lehman, Richard S.|9780471524007\\n1988|Blackwell Scientific Publications|An Introduction to Programming in Fortran 77 (Computer Science Texts)|J. L. Schonfelder and J. S. Morgan|9780632011841",
    "githubLanguage": "Fortran",
    "indeedJobs": "fortran engineer",
    "linkedInSkill": "fortran",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1993|The High Performance Fortran Handbook|10.1063/1.4823319|791|62|C. Koelbel and D. Loveman and R. Schreiber and G. Steele and M. Zosel|e6731a83852d4a41e7266b31eb32276538514e93\\n1992|Programming in Vienna Fortran|10.1155/1992/258136|312|24|B. Chapman and P. Mehrotra and H. Zima|b83462be97a6abe11d6fc619c6f7d516f2af3976\\n1995|Fortran M: A Language for Modular Parallel Programming|10.1006/jpdc.1995.1044|224|4|Ian T Foster and K. M. Chandy|a6156d35c6e4249c6ab847d5642a0a7631ab2c59\\n2009|F2PY: a tool for connecting Fortran and Python programs|10.1504/IJCSE.2009.029165|204|9|Pearu Peterson|4990d2b5e21f09aab3853dcc1cecb8e352fd07f9\\n2003|Object-oriented programming via Fortran 90/95|10.1017/CBO9780511530111|62|5|E. Akin|2f0678d064dfb69117ddd8d5e74e521559758a5c\\n2014|OpenCoarrays: Open-source Transport Layers Supporting Coarray Fortran Compilers|10.1145/2676870.2676876|55|3|A. Fanfarillo and T. Burnus and V. Cardellini and S. Filippone and D. Nagle and D. Rouson|2b34906590cc30a403ab786b189ad3acfa8b0223\\n2011|Modern Fortran Explained|10.1093/oso/9780198811893.001.0001|55|4|M. Metcalf and J. Reid and Malcolm Cohen|dcd889084d2cc3d344dc0f8d780d126b1f02bb85\\n1899|An experiment comparing Fortran programming times with the software physics hypothesis|10.1145/1499799.1499927|33|0|R. D. Gordon and M. Halstead|279ffcb7eeba3b0c49e97b40474da69a6550183d\\n2011|Implementation and Performance Evaluation of the HPC Challenge Benchmarks in Coarray Fortran 2.0|10.1109/IPDPS.2011.104|28|0|G. Jin and J. Mellor-Crummey and L. Adhianto and William N. Scherer and Chaoran Yang|a0ba323d58a1879fb877cc92293ed0f631317af4\\n1964|FORTRAN vs. Basic FORTRAN: a programming language for informational processing on automatic data processing systems|10.1145/364888.876694|23|0|S. Gorn|decdb3f767c8f01e22323c2eec9f95f42a81bf83\\n2015|Introduction to programming with Fortran - with coverage of Fortran 90, 95, 2003, and 77|10.1007/b137984|21|0|I. Chivers and J. Sleightholme|8d271c4cc16fb945842724ca643db4b61958b3b7\\n2012|Modern Fortran in Practice|10.5860/choice.50-3308|20|3|A. Markus|46a2996de87826ddcf521db03f8e838a7bba4976\\n1996|On parallel object oriented programming in Fortran 90|10.1145/240732.240742|15|0|C. Norton and V. Decyk and B. Szymanski|e92d269aec928aff306edcb1cd7bc81cf3106c41\\n1975|On extending Fortran control structures to facilitate structured programming|10.1145/987316.987320|14|0|L. Meissner|a766af23f9f729cdbbed698f6cbbb0a1827cba54\\n2006|Introduction to Programming with Fortran|10.1007/978-3-319-75502-1|12|1|I. Chivers and J. Sleightholme|7d299d93a5e89892168c7251972e6e722c229cea\\n1995|A Comparison of C++, FORTRAN 90 and Oberon-2 for Scientific Programming|10.1007/978-3-642-79958-7_103|11|0|Bernd Mösli|52f40ca6a6598c1dbedf83fa45d3b0f972914634\\n1977|Teaching problem solving and structured programming in FORTRAN|10.1145/800104.803360|11|0|F. Friedman and Elliot B. Koffman|77b6e137a0f12af5cb3ec0c83e1bb9810f8db606\\n2012|Introduction to Programming with Fortran|10.1007/978-0-85729-233-9|11|2|I. Chivers and J. Sleightholme|6ea9437fdde5f60c5ce03bcc7de3fc8698618299\\n1978|A comparison of PASCAL and FORTRAN as introductory programming languages|10.1145/953422.953425|10|0|G. Nutt|631aa27149f2daf7d85253f96769a09a380944d1\\n2002|Efficient parallel programming on scalable shared memory systems with High Performance Fortran|10.1002/cpe.649|10|0|S. Benkner and T. Brandes|53b26b8e6bbecfcf6f4cfd79167023035b5e19cf\\n2013|Numerical Computing with Modern Fortran|10.1137/1.9781611973129|9|0|R. Hanson and T. Hopkins|daf758e2f494238f7369ffd67b5476a31e870798\\n1995|Vienna Fortran 90 - An Advanced Data Parallel Language|10.1007/3-540-60222-4_104|8|0|S. Benkner|b0184143f4380bcba956cf37739cfb2b79764b63\\n1975|Teaching structured programming in FORTRAN with IFTRAN|10.1145/800284.811158|7|0|William R. Bezanson|85b81c77157355c69dc66d87704b114fb79b038d\\n1994|The Cray Research MPP Fortran Programming Model|10.1007/978-3-0348-8534-8_1|7|0|T. MacDonald and Z. Sekera|9e4bb3e613e502b9345e979e8bf202fd4db106ef\\n2014|SPOT: A DSL for Extending Fortran Programs with Metaprogramming|10.1155/2014/917327|6|2|Songqing Yue and J. Gray|870ff05f103598190090abfde3276218ce78bc46\\n2009|Guide to Fortran 2003 Programming|10.1007/978-1-84882-543-7|6|0|W. Brainerd|92437cc86aec82abe9003d7de5bfe52003c74553\\n2011|ForOpenCL: transformations exploiting array syntax in Fortran for accelerator programming|10.1504/IJCSE.2013.052113|6|0|M. Sottile and C. Rasmussen and W. Weseloh and R. Robey and D. Quinlan and J. Overbey|1d12ce860badedaf289bd67534c1af5a44427851\\n1984|Status of work toward revision of programming language Fortran|10.1145/1040943.1040946|6|0|J. Wagener|eb8f514ad41d7a0be76ce5c7c6b9dafa460b6f30\\n2006|Generic programming in Fortran|10.1145/1111542.1111564|5|0|Martin Erwig and Zhe Fu and Ben Pflaum|b252d7ae875b3864f4101805ba64ee287b1417f3\\n2015|Guide to Fortran 2008 Programming|10.1007/978-1-4471-6759-4|5|0|W. Brainerd|760a34beb9d7321cef88185a384ab7eb34da782a\\n2015|Preliminary Implementation of Coarray Fortran Translator Based on Omni XcalableMP|10.1109/PGAS.2015.15|4|0|H. Iwashita and M. Nakao and M. Sato|3ab6cdb478dcf00ab41aebb01d149f7a2fd90672\\n2020|History of coarrays and SPMD parallelism in Fortran|10.1145/3386322|4|0|J. Reid and Bill Long and Jon L. Steidel|27a343885943e58d59cf539ec1d01705dabc177e\\n2001|Up-to-Date International Standards of the Fortran Programming Language|10.1023/A:1012710502032|3|0|A. Gorelik|486e3f45d22ce981b0c25470a4b765c3a539b1c3\\n1982|The Fortran programming language: recent developments and a view of the future|10.1145/1040091.1040092|3|0|L. Meissner|677ab875d35a9b20493b4b9741c8123c7a7f8daf\\n1989|Aftran: Array Fortran programming language|10.1109/PARBSE.1990.77218|2|0|G. A. Riccardi and U. Chandra and J. C. Vagi|6c2f56c3ca6fb4470da97f6a0d55f811b14768b7\\n2007|Fortran programming language and Scientific Programming: 50 Years of mutual growth|10.1155/2007/979872|2|0|B. Szymanski|7a6ac390da0ff74c0318e1d937e138bd817c4b1a\\n1982|The fortran programming language, recent developments and a view of the future|10.1109/MCS.1982.1103762|2|0|L. Meissner|1fe3c69dba68ef694a5ad378a160ad8f2772a1a3",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nFortran 90/95 For Scientists And Engineers|1997|Stephen J. Chapman|1130565|4.07|41|3\\nFortran 95/2003 for Scientists and Engineers|2007|Stephen J. Chapman|1175133|4.13|30|0\\nFORTRAN 77 for Engineers and Scientists with an Introduction to FORTRAN 90|1995|Larry R. Nyhoff|5152402|2.38|8|0\\nStructured FORTRAN 77 for Engineers and Scientists|1983|Delores M. Etter|3960231|3.89|9|1\\nProgramming In Fortran: Structured Programming With Fortran Iv And Fortran 77||Vladimir Zwass|4868017|5.00|1|1\\nFORTRAN 77 for engineers and scientists|1985|Larry R. Nyhoff|2864205|4.33|3|1\\nSchaum's Outline of Programming with FORTRAN Including Structured FORTRAN|1978|Seymour Lipschutz|1475892|0.0|0|0\\nFortran 77 Programming: With An Introduction To Fortran 90 Standard|1990|T.M.R. Ellis|1315546|4.50|2|0"
  },
  {
    "id": "ada",
    "name": "Ada",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "creators": "Jean Ichbiah",
    "measurements": 67,
    "tags": "pl",
    "rijuRepl_website": "https://www.adaic.org/",
    "website": "http://www.adaic.org",
    "foundationScore": 10,
    "rank": 51,
    "exampleCount": 5,
    "pldbScore": 25214,
    "hoplId": 840,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 14,
    "inboundLinks": "ace bazel chapel eiffel felix gap gcc hla mal pov-ray-sdl pygments racket snowball-programming-language spark-pl",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 1848,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 2172,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 4785,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "ada95 or ada2005",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "ada",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.ada",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "a/Ada.adb",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 44,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2005,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2015,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 4,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "ada.py",
    "tiobe_currentRank": 28,
    "domainName_registered": 1998,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "spark ravenscar-profile algol-68 pascal smalltalk java eiffel chapel nim pl-sql plpgsql ruby rust seed7 sql-psm vhdl unicode lisp setl algol algol-60 apse",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Ada is a structured, statically typed, imperative, wide-spectrum, and object-oriented high-level computer programming language, extended from Pascal and other languages. It has built-in language support for design-by-contract, extremely strong typing, explicit concurrency, offering tasks, synchronous message passing, protected objects, and non-determinism. Ada improves code safety and maintainability by using the compiler to find errors in favor of runtime errors. Ada is an international standard; the current version (known as Ada 2012) is defined by ISO/IEC 8652:2012. Ada was originally designed by a team led by Jean Ichbiah of CII Honeywell Bull under contract to the United States Department of Defense (DoD) from 1977 to 1983 to supersede over 450 programming languages used by the DoD at that time. Ada was named after Ada Lovelace (1815–1852), who has been credited with being the first computer programmer.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 768,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 744,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1280,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1242,
    "lab": "CII Honeywell Bull",
    "fileExtensions": "adb ads",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "adb ada ads",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "adb",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "adb ads ada",
    "rijuRepl_fileExtensions": "adb ads",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "adb ads",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 12116,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 2184,
    "expandedMeasurements": 152,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "clocExtensions": "ada adb ads pad",
    "gdbSupport": true,
    "visualParadigm": false,
    "docs": "https://pyjarrett.github.io/programming-with-ada/",
    "emailList": "http://www.ada-auth.org/comment.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 8040,
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/ada/ada83",
    "quineRelay": "Ada",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Ada",
    "ubuntuPackage": "gnat",
    "country": "United States",
    "projectEuler": "Ada",
    "compilerExplorer_example": "-- This pragma will remove the warning produced by the default -- CE filename and the procedure name differing, -- see : https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-8.2.0/gnat_rm/Pragma-Source_005fFile_005fName.html#Pragma-Source_005fFile_005fName pragma Source_File_Name (Square, Body_File_Name => \"example.adb\");  -- Type your code here, or load an example. function Square(num : Integer) return Integer is begin     return num**2; end Square;  -- Ada 2012 also provides Expression Functions -- (http://www.ada-auth.org/standards/12rm/html/RM-6-8.html) -- as a short hand for functions whose body consists of a -- single return statement. However they cannot be used as a -- compilation unit. -- function Square(num : Integer) return Integer is (num**2); ",
    "leachim6_example": "with Ada.Text_IO;  procedure Hello_World is    use Ada.Text_IO; begin    Put_line (\"Hello World\"); end Hello_World; ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Ada",
    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/ada",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/ada",
    "rijuRepl_example": "with Ada.Text_IO;  procedure Main is begin    Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line(\"Hello, world!\"); end Main; ",
    "wikipedia_example": "with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;  procedure Traffic is     type Airplane_ID is range 1..10;             -- 10 airplanes     task type Airplane (ID: Airplane_ID);        -- task representing airplanes, with ID as initialisation parameter    type Airplane_Access is access Airplane;     -- reference type to Airplane     protected type Runway is                     -- the shared runway (protected to allow concurrent access)       entry Assign_Aircraft (ID: Airplane_ID);  -- all entries are guaranteed mutually exclusive       entry Cleared_Runway (ID: Airplane_ID);       entry Wait_For_Clear;    private       Clear: Boolean := True;                   -- protected private data - generally more than just a flag...    end Runway;    type Runway_Access is access all Runway;     -- the air traffic controller task takes requests for takeoff and landing    task type Controller (My_Runway: Runway_Access) is       -- task entries for synchronous message passing       entry Request_Takeoff (ID: in Airplane_ID; Takeoff: out Runway_Access);       entry Request_Approach(ID: in Airplane_ID; Approach: out Runway_Access);    end Controller;     --  allocation of instances    Runway1    : aliased Runway;              -- instantiate a runway    Controller1: Controller (Runway1'Access); -- and a controller to manage it     ------ the implementations of the above types ------    protected body Runway is       entry Assign_Aircraft (ID: Airplane_ID)  when Clear is   -- the entry guard - calling tasks are blocked until the condition is true       begin        Clear := False;        Put_Line (Airplane_ID'Image (ID) & \" on runway \");       end;        entry Cleared_Runway (ID: Airplane_ID)  when not Clear is       begin          Clear := True;          Put_Line (Airplane_ID'Image (ID) & \" cleared runway \");       end;        entry Wait_For_Clear  when Clear is       begin          null;      -- no need to do anything here - a task can only enter if \"Clear\" is true       end;    end Runway;     task body Controller is    begin       loop          My_Runway.Wait_For_Clear;   -- wait until runway is available (blocking call)          select                      -- wait for two types of requests (whichever is runnable first)             when Request_Approach'count = 0 =>  -- guard statement - only accept if there are no tasks queuing on Request_Approach              accept Request_Takeoff (ID: in Airplane_ID; Takeoff: out Runway_Access)              do                                 -- start of synchronized part                My_Runway.Assign_Aircraft (ID);  -- reserve runway (potentially blocking call if protected object busy or entry guard false)                Takeoff := My_Runway;            -- assign \"out\" parameter value to tell airplane which runway              end Request_Takeoff;               -- end of the synchronised part          or             accept Request_Approach (ID: in Airplane_ID; Approach: out Runway_Access) do                My_Runway.Assign_Aircraft (ID);                Approach := My_Runway;             end Request_Approach;          or                          -- terminate if no tasks left who could call             terminate;          end select;       end loop;    end;     task body Airplane is       Rwy : Runway_Access;    begin       Controller1.Request_Takeoff (ID, Rwy); -- This call blocks until Controller task accepts and completes the accept block       Put_Line (Airplane_ID'Image (ID) & \"  taking off...\");       delay 2.0;       Rwy.Cleared_Runway (ID);               -- call will not block as \"Clear\" in Rwy is now false and no other tasks should be inside protected object       delay 5.0; -- fly around a bit...       loop          select   -- try to request a runway             Controller1.Request_Approach (ID, Rwy); -- this is a blocking call - will run on controller reaching accept block and return on completion             exit; -- if call returned we're clear for landing - leave select block and proceed...          or             delay 3.0;  -- timeout - if no answer in 3 seconds, do something else (everything in following block)             Put_Line (Airplane_ID'Image (ID) & \"   in holding pattern\");  -- simply print a message          end select;       end loop;       delay 4.0;  -- do landing approach...       Put_Line (Airplane_ID'Image (ID) & \"            touched down!\");       Rwy.Cleared_Runway (ID);  -- notify runway that we're done here.    end;     New_Airplane: Airplane_Access;  begin    for I in Airplane_ID'Range loop  -- create a few airplane tasks       New_Airplane := new Airplane (I); -- will start running directly after creation       delay 4.0;    end loop; end Traffic;",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2014|Cambridge University Press|Programming in Ada 2012|Barnes, John|9781107424814\\n1999|Addison-Wesley|Ada 95: Problem Solving and Program Design (3rd Edition)|Feldman, Michael B. and Koffman, Elliot B.|9780201361230\\n1986|Archon Books|The Calculating Passion of Ada Byron|Baum, Joan|9780208021199\\n2006|Pearson|Programming in Ada 2005 with CD|Barnes, John|9780321340788\\n1987|Tab Books|Power Programming With Ada For The Ibm Pc|Winters and John W.|9780830679027\\n1984|Cambridge University Press|Ada For Multi-microprocessors (the Ada Companion Series)|M. Tedd|9780521301039\\n1995|John Wiley &Sons|Rendezvous with ADA 95 2e|J. Naiditch, David|9780471012764\\n2019|Candlewick|Dreaming in Code: Ada Byron Lovelace, Computer Pioneer|McCully, Emily Arnold|9780763693565\\n1993|Addison-Wesley|Programming in Ada: Plus an Overview of Ada 9X (International computer science series)|Barnes, J. G. P.|9780201624076\\n1986|Allyn And Bacon|Ada Programming With Applications|Eugen N Vasilescu|9780205087440\\n1991|Silicon Press|Ada|Gehani, Narain|9780929306087\\n1998|Dissertation.Com.|Distributed Programming in ADA with Protected Objects|Ledru, Pascal|9781581120349\\n2015|Lulu.com|Ada Programming Success In A Day|Sam Key|9781329461680\\n2002|Springer|Consolidated Ada reference manual: language and standard libraries : international standard ISO/IEC 8652/1995(E) with technical corrigendum 1|N/a|9783540430384\\n1994|Jones And Bartlett Publishers, Inc|Programming And Problem Solving With Ada|Nell Dale and Et Al|9780669294279\\n20030806|Springer Nature|Consolidated Ada Reference Manual|Erhard Ploedereder; S. Tucker Taft; Randall L. Brukardt|9783540453406\\n2019|Apress|Beginning Ada Programming: From Novice to Professional|Shvets, Andrew T.|9781484254271\\n2019|Apress|Beginning Ada Programming: From Novice to Professional|Shvets, Andrew T.|9781484254288\\n20140114|Springer Nature|Ada 2012 Reference Manual. Language and Standard Libraries|L. Loh|9783642454196\\n2019|Simon & Schuster Books for Young Readers|Ada Lace and the Suspicious Artist (5) (An Ada Lace Adventure)|Calandrelli, Emily|9781534416888\\n2018|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Introduction to Ada Programming, 2nd Edition|Shvets, Andrew T.|9781987673852\\n2018|Bodleian Library, University of Oxford|Ada Lovelace: The Making of a Computer Scientist|Hollings, Christopher and Martin, Ursula and Rice, Adrian|9781851244881\\n2022|Cambridge University Press|Programming in Ada 2012 with a Preview of Ada 2022|Barnes, John|9781009181341\\n1998|Addison-Wesley Professional|Programming in Ada 95 (2nd Edition) (International Computer Science Series)|Barnes, John|9780201342932\\n1990|Addison-Wesley|Ada Programmer's Handbook and Language Reference Manual|Gonzalez, Dean W.|9780805325287\\n1997|Addison-Wesley|Ada 95 for C and C ++ Programmers (International Computer Science Series)|Johnston, Simon|9780201403633\\n2001-04-05T00:00:01Z|Addison Wesley|Real Time Systems and Programming Languages: Ada 95, Real-Time Java and Real-Time C/POSIX (3rd Edition)|Burns, Alan and Wellings, Andy|9780201729887\\n2016|LernerClassroom|Programming Pioneer Ada Lovelace (STEM Trailblazer Bios)|Bodden, Valerie|9781512413038\\n2007|Cambridge University Press|Concurrent and Real-Time Programming in Ada|Burns, Alan and Wellings, Andy|9780521866972\\n2000|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Programming and Problem Solving with Ada 95|Nell B. Dale and Chip Weems and John W. McCormick|9780792376767\\n2000|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Programming and Problem Solving with Ada 95|Nell B. Dale and Chip Weems and John W. McCormick|9780763707927\\n2011-05-16T00:00:01Z|Cambridge University Press|Building Parallel, Embedded, and Real-Time Applications with Ada|McCormick, John W. and Singhoff, Frank and Hugues, Jérôme|9780521197168\\n1995|Pearson Education|Programming in Ada 95 (International Computer Science Series)|Barnes, John|9780201877007\\n1984T|Addison-Wesley|Programming in ADA (International computer science series)|Barnes, J. G. P|9780201137996\\n1996|Addison-Wesley|Software Construction and Data Structures with Ada 95 (2nd Edition)|Feldman, Michael B.|9780201887952\\n1996-10-24T00:00:01Z|Prentice Hall|Ada 95: The Craft of Object-Oriented Programming|English, John|9780132303507\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|ADA Programming Success In A Day: Beginner’s guide to fast, easy and efficient learning of ADA programming|Key, Sam|9781515371328\\n1989T|Addison-Wesley|Programming in ADA (International computer science series)|Barnes, J. G. P|9780201175660\\n1990|Prentice Hall|Introduction to Programming Using Ada|Volper, Dennis and Katz, Martin D.|9780134935294\\n1983|Horizon Pubs & Distributors Inc|Programming in ADA|Sincovec, Richard F. and Wiener, Richard|9780471870890\\n1990|Benjamin-Cummings Pub Co|File Structures With Ada (Benjamin Cummings Series in Computer Science)|Miller, Nancy E. and Petersen, Charles G.|9780805304404\\n1981|Prentice Hall International|The Ada programming language: A guide for programmers|Pyle, I. C|9780130039217\\n2018|Abdo Publishing|Computer Programming: From ADA Lovelace to Mark Zuckerberg (Stem Stories)|Doudna, Kelly|9781532115455\\n1997|Springer|Ada 95 Rationale: The Language - The Standard Libraries (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1247)||9783540631439\\n2013|Springer|Ada 2012 Rationale: The Language -- The Standard Libraries (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (8338))|Barnes, John|9783642452093\\n1983|Prentice Hall|The Programming Languages: Pascal, Modula, Chill and Ada|Smedema, Kees|9780137297566\\n1991|Addison-Wesley|Programming in Ada Plus Language Reference Manual (International Computer Science Series)|Barnes|9780201565393\\n1991|Cambridge University Press|Rationale for the Design of the Ada Programming Language (The Ada Companion Series)|Ichbiah, J.|9780521392679\\n2021|Wiley-ISTE|Concepts and Semantics of Programming Languages 2: Modular and Object-oriented Constructs with OCaml, Python, C++, Ada and Java|Hardin, Therese and Jaume, Mathieu and Pessaux, François and Viguie Donzeau-Gouge, Veronique|9781786306029\\n1993-03-01T00:00:01Z|Chapman & Hall|Introduction to Ada|Cooling, J. E. and Cooling, N.|9780412448102\\n1996|Springer|Reliable Software Technologies - Ada Europe 96: 1996 Ada-Europe International Conference on Reliable Software Technologies, Montreux, Switzerland, ... (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1088)||9783540613176\\n1982|Prentice Hall|Programming Embedded Systems With Ada|Downes, Valerie A.|9780137300105\\n1984T|Prentice-Hall|Ada, an advanced introduction: Including reference manual for the Ada programming language (Prentice-Hall software series)|Gehani, Narain|9780130039972\\n1996|McGraw-Hill College|Ada Minimanual to Accompany Programming Languages|Benjamin|9780070053182\\n1982|John Wiley & Sons|Problem Solving with ADA (Wiley Medical Publication)|Mayoh, B. H.|9780471100256\\n1991-11-01|McGraw Hill Higher Education|Programming Languages: Paradigm and Practice: Ada Mini-Manual|Appleby|9780070025783\\n1990|Cambridge University Press|Distributed Ada: Developments and Experiences: Proceedings of the Distributed Ada '89 Symposium, University of Southampton, 11–12 December 1989|Bishop, Judy M.|9780521392518\\n1990|Springer|Programming with Specifications: An Introduction to ANNA, A Language for Specifying Ada Programs (Monographs in Computer Science)|Luckham, David|9780387972541\\n1996|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Programming and Problem Solving With Ada|Nell B. Dale and Chip Weems and John W. McCormick|9780763702939\\n1993|Prentice Hall|Introduction to Abstract Data Types Using Ada|Hillam, Bruce|9780130459497\\n1983|Castle House Publications Ltd|Reference Manual for the ADA Programming Language|Ichbiah, Jean D. & etc.|9780719400971\\n2011|Cambridge University Press|Building Parallel, Embedded, And Real-time Applications With Ada|John W. McCormick and Frank Singhoff and Jérôme Hugues|9781139500005\\n2010||Ada Programming Language: Ada|Books and LLC|9781156382783\\n1988|Eyrolles|Ada|Narain Gehani|9782212084214",
    "githubLanguage": "Ada",
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    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1983|The Programming Language Ada Reference Manual American National Standards Institute, Inc. ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A-1983|10.1007/3-540-12328-8|478|0|G. Goos and J. Hartmanis and D. Barstow and W. Brauer and P. B. Hansen and D. Gries and D. Luckham and C. Moler and A. Pnueli and G. Seegmüller and J. Stoer and N. Wirth|0db8635ac2161a3eda9e69ccb3cbfcdcd443597f\\n1979|Rationale for the design of the Ada programming language|10.1145/956653.956654|423|16|J. Ichbiah and B. Krieg-Brueckner and B. Wichmann and J. Barnes and O. Roubine and J. Heliard|5bd19234d0c46775d07fe9e98c157f4f6d3f13f3\\n1983|The Programming Language Ada|10.1007/3-540-10693-6|146|1|G. Goos and J. Hartmanis and W. Brauer and P. B. Hansen and D. Gries and C. Moler and G. Seegmüller and J. Stoer and N. Wirth|06e41d8bfca86aacba4779fa57533b0ad483fcd9\\n1990|Programming with Specifications: An Introduction to ANNA, A Language for Specifying Ada Programs|10.5860/choice.28-5114|95|1|D. Luckham|c7cf8a74d165939386c2f2ba991788a4946b8f84\\n1982|The programming language ADA reference manual: Springer-Verlag (1981) pp 243, $7.90, DM 16.50|10.1016/0141-9331(82)90378-7|74|1|S. J. Young|1fa0aff383fa6dc0aefcdcc166d320135c0d4e49\\n1982|\"Review of \"\"The Ada programming language by Ian C. Pyle\"\", Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1981.\"|10.1145/1041326.1041337|53|0|P. Hilfinger|a31990b9ccfaac5a80229de9c27ff645a8f92c1c\\n1980|Reference Manual for the Ada Programming Language. Proposed Standard Document|10.21236/ada090709|49|0|J. Ichbiah and B. Krieg-Brueckner and B. Wichmann and H. Ledgard and J. Heliard|c84bede16ef707b5ad9c00aad0bf9b0382b5ead5\\n1983|The ada programming language|10.1016/0011-684x(85)90286-2|46|2|S. Saib and R. E. Fritz|c94126df9ae162da0ca25ffccdbd8c52cb362e55\\n1998|Guidance for the use of the Ada programming language in high integrity systems|10.1145/290214.290222|44|1|B. Wichmann|c1efd5c0dcab29a50cdcc5bca94438957e50f9d4\\n1985|The ada programming language|10.5860/choice.36-1004|42|1|I. Pyle|7c5fd21c5143acea788ddd1b6e8d93096785239f\\n1982|The ADA programming language: Pyle, I C, Prentice-Hall International (1981) pp 293, £8.95|10.1016/0141-9331(82)90377-5|39|0|S. J. Young|189da10ccf871122d736fd3fa1d140c7f4e44554\\n1985|Object-Based Computing and the Ada Programming Language|10.1109/MC.1985.1662826|34|0|G. Buzzard and T. Mudge|093f95ae840dfc4bd827b6be63540490ecd359f4\\n1984|Using Ada as a programming language for robot-based manufacturing cells|10.1109/TSMC.1984.6313313|26|0|R. Volz and T. Mudge and D. A. Gal|fd8a692903506c79ce2f47cf00867d2f14265228\\n2014|Programming in Ada 2012|10.1017/CBO9781139696616|17|0|J. Barnes|5754a4c9f110e8307609d2bc91533d9ecb82843c\\n1983|Why Ada is not just another programming language|10.1145/800173.809685|17|0|J. Sammet|51b9e742858f056959914fd7ee1150968a5eb922\\n1987|A Survey of Real-Time Performance Benchmarks for the Ada Programming Language|10.21236/ada200608|15|0|P. Donohoe|d50947c4e453bb3d420201bbec758c5201769477\\n2014|Safe parallel programming in ada with language extensions|10.1145/2663171.2663181|13|0|S. Taft and B. Moore and L. M. Pinho and S. Michell|9c325ccd1c05de79bbcdee1cdf0de80e5d0396c8\\n1985|Implementing Ada as the primary programming language|10.1145/323287.323389|9|1|Howard Evans and W. Patterson|14081e6ebabd4b930f1363603693c3fbdfe4a30c\\n2018|Converging safety and high-performance domains: Integrating OpenMP into Ada|10.23919/DATE.2018.8342162|8|0|Sara Royuela and L. M. Pinho and E. Quiñones|ccd833915d5d2cace0c6a0d34760b60eab5a393e\\n1899|The importance of Ada programming support environments|10.1145/1500774.1500815|7|0|T. Standish|e8416288ccd237bc5f36258cd2e32bd7a46edefa\\n1996|Ada 95: An Effective Concurrent Programming Language|10.1007/BFb0013478|7|0|A. Burns and A. Wellings|a5dfb43a52ea2d24ef3494facc711fef4d1ff1a4\\n1996|Using Ada as the first programming language: a retrospective|10.1109/SEEP.1996.534005|6|0|R. K. Allen and D. Grant and R. Smith|b3f100b2320a6417d4bef3fa0ef13f5558e2202c\\n1981|Self-assessment procedure VIII: a self-assessment procedure dealing with the programming language Ada|10.1145/358769.358785|6|0|P. Wegner|d6f3c64b6625b582f3603be26b39dc0dd9352bea\\n1990|Built-in reliability in the Ada programming language|10.1109/NAECON.1990.112833|6|1|T. Wu|7668ba4ae828a5b23e074a61a230edbbe54c5aa4\\n2014|Towards a Runtime Verification Framework for the Ada Programming Language|10.1007/978-3-319-08311-7_6|6|0|A. Pedro and D. Pereira and L. M. Pinho and J. Pinto|627769c65b4bac6649b4d27cd3a22dd8ad6c294c\\n1986|Engineering VAX Ada for a multi-language programming environment|10.1145/24208.24215|5|0|C. Mitchell|4abecab1498a0b7b7b436ebf08b31a1a04e3664a\\n2003|Ada as a language for programming clusters of SMPs|10.17951/AI.2003.1.1.1-7|5|1|Przemysław Stpiczyński|33d24df6203b4bc474d0afedd756908094c402d2\\n1979|TCOL Ada : an intermediate representation for the DOD standard programming language|10.21236/ada955948|5|0|B. Schatz|3c67231ccae5f9cd14d681fb2a5835f03e1db3ff\\n1988|Experience with Ada as a first programming language|10.1145/54138.54149|5|0|Atanas Radensky and Emilia Zivkova and V. Petrova and Rumiana Lesseva and Christina Zascheva|a837805d46632f54180fe817c444aa1003608d73\\n1981|Some comments on ADA as a real-time programming language|10.1145/954269.954282|5|0|A. Mahjoub|fd95d78b0a63c2e2cb47663c42fb38e624bb9959\\n1990|Can Ada be used as a primary programming language?: major problems and their solutions by means of subsets|10.1145/323410.323452|5|0|Atanas Radensky|0156665673118b67b8bb9e7cfb0a41aa22771092\\n1987|Is Ada an object oriented programming language?|10.1145/25267.25272|5|0|H. Touati|c2ce45f92d0d58ddc890af5d39c3154cff2c0703\\n1994|Ada programming language for numerical computation|10.1109/NAECON.1994.332950|5|0|T. Wu|fcf479a134e593ff4a3eb783e8a9aa3957757938\\n1980|The use of the Ada language for programming a distributed system|10.1016/S1474-6670(17)65159-0|4|1|V. Downes and S. Goldsack|a8ff42da6c1b74bae3b975a3271ea31644316409\\n1982|Types in the Programming Language Ada|10.1007/978-1-4612-5196-5_14|4|0|B. Krieg-Brückner|1afeaecca6f9c07f6909fee5894203b3dbc54d03\\n1995|Information Technology. Programming Language. The SQL Ada Module Description Language (SAMeDL).|10.3403/00539178|4|1|M. Graham|d5067e3310269f48c6035eee6db9d4e0e52f7b6e\\n1986|ADDS - A Dialogue Development System for the Ada Programming Language|10.1016/S0020-7373(86)80046-3|4|0|A. Burns and J. Robinson|6669b65c09d65260d81ecf52b8658bed78f0655b\\n2010|The Evolution of Real-Time Programming Revisited: Programming the Giotto Model in Ada 2005|10.1007/978-3-642-13550-7_14|3|0|A. Wellings and A. Burns|c01cde4d526b8709ed928528407923db38c0a7d7\\n2010|AdaStreams: A Type-Based Programming Extension for Stream-Parallelism with Ada 2005|10.1007/978-3-642-13550-7_15|3|0|Jingun Hong and Kirak Hong and Bernd Burgstaller and Johann Blieberger|f8c945e0eee3e1ab9373f31cad42c6c4c77b9456\\n1991|VADS APSE: an integrated Ada programming support environment|10.1145/112629.112638|3|0|E. Matthews and G. Burns|43bbe6388f88d2f0f43eaf93055a4c3c6a3b46a6\\n1980|Some short comments on the definition and the documentation of the ADA programming language|10.1145/947680.947686|3|0|R. Nicolescu|84a27f3e956cbcd7aa367a00e61e8042802e999c\\n2016|Rationale For The Design Of The Ada Programming Language|10.5860/choice.29-5168|3|1|S. Eberhart|8369c68a3c6ac543c134a0b1a5f963acdd62eada\\n1992|IAda: A language for robot programming based on Ada|10.1016/0921-8890(92)90045-Z|2|0|D. Duhaut and P. Bidaud and D. Fontaine|9a3f9e15e26b683b05c8c217f7a07c015b9d2803\\n1983|The current programming language standards scene VIIIA: ADA|10.1016/0167-8051(83)90010-4|2|0|A. McGettrick|eb47d46be8baa713fcff66e57b49913fe74ef813\\n2016|Why the Expressive Power of Programming Languages Such as Ada Is Needed for Future Cyber Physical Systems|10.1007/978-3-319-39083-3_1|2|0|A. Burns|acf36a8fd5e2952ae9d72212984c3c15c3daebce\\n1994|Proposals for enhancement of the Ada programming language|10.5075/EPFL-THESIS-1227|2|0|Mats Weber|caeecffdc6baeb1440fb40466206636d307b9563\\n1980|\"Comments on the suggested implementation of tasking facilities in the \"\"rationale for the design of the ADA programming language\"\"\"|10.1145/947727.947733|2|0|K. Tai and K. Garrard|574e48b95a03cce88e8a1e5b37448ec1bba7baa8\\n2012|Teaching 'Concepts of Programming Languages' with Ada|10.1007/978-3-642-30598-6_5|1|0|T. Tempelmeier|b5d480c144de0f4f5a7f9c7bd9b5b46fda97f705\\n1981|Ada programming language standardization|10.1016/0164-1212(81)90009-1|1|0|Paul M. Cohen|de9b22cf99188af170f37770f8160c6819240b6c\\n2015|From Byron to the Ada Programming Language|10.1145/2867731.2867745|1|0|J. Barnes|e73889075e3ca97186208255c7a359c106f527c6"
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    "helloWorldCollection": "-- Hello World in PL/pgSQL (PostgreSQL Procedural Language) -- In old versions replace '$$' by double qoutes  CREATE FUNCTION hello_world() RETURNS text AS $$ BEGIN RETURN 'Hello World'; END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;  SELECT hello_world(); ",
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    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/postgres/postgres",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2002|Sams Publishing|PHP and PostgreSQL Advanced Web Programming|Geschwinde, Ewald and Schoenig, Hans-Juergen|9780672323829\\n2013|Packt Publishing|PostgreSQL Server Programming|Hannu Krosing and Kirk Roybal and Jim Mlodgenski|9781849516983\\n2016-09-26|Packt Publishing|PostgreSQL Development Essentials|Manpreet Kaur and Baji Shaik|9781783989003\\n2018|Apress|Beginning PostgreSQL on the Cloud: Simplifying Database as a Service on Cloud Platforms|Shaik, Baji and Vallarapu, Avinash|9781484234471\\n2011|Fultus Corporation|PostgreSQL 9.0 Official Documentation - Volume III. Server Programming|Postgresql Global Development Group and The Postgresql Global Development Group|9781596822481\\n2015|Packt Publishing|PostgreSQL Server Programming - Second Edition|Dar,  Usama and Krosing,  Hannu and Mlodgenski,  Jim and Roybal,  Kirk|9781783980598\\n2016|Samurai Media Limited|Postgresql 9.5 Vol4: Server Programming (volume 4)|Postgresql Development Group|9789888406340\\n2017|Samurai Media Limited|Postgresql 9.6 Vol4: Server Programming (volume 4)|Postgresql Development Group|9789888406715\\n2020|Apress|PostgreSQL Configuration: Best Practices for Performance and Security|Shaik, Baji|9781484256633\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|Practical PostgreSQL|Drake, Joshua D. and Worsley, John C.|9781565928466\\n2005|Sams Publishing|PostgreSQL|Douglas, Korry|9780672327568\\n2010|Packt Publishing|PostgreSQL 9.0 High Performance|Smith, Gregory|9781849510301\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Learning PostgreSQL 10 - Second Edition: A beginner's guide to building high-performance PostgreSQL database solutions|Juba, Salahaldin and Volkov, Andrey|9781788470667\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Learning PostgreSQL: Create, develop and manage relational databases in real world applications using PostgreSQL|Juba, Salahaldin and Vannahme, Achim and Volkov, Andrey|9781783989188\\n2018|Packt Publishing|PostgreSQL 11 Server Side Programming Quick Start Guide: Effective database programming and interaction|Ferrari, Luca|9781789343502\\n2015|Packt Publishing|PostgreSQL Server Programming - Second Edition|Dar, Usama and Krosing, Hannu and Mlodgenski, Jim and Roybal, Kirk|9781783980581\\n2018|Packt Publishing|PostgreSQL 11 Server Side Programming Quick Start Guide: Effective database programming and interaction|Ferrari, Luca|9781789342222\\n2006|Apress|Beginning PHP and PostgreSQL E-Commerce: From Novice to Professional (Beginning, from Novice to Professional)|Darie, Cristian and Bucica, Mihai and Balanescu, Emilian|9781590596487\\n2009|Fultus Corporation|PostgreSQL 8.4 Official Documentation - Volume III. Server Programming|The PostgreSQL Global Development Group|9781596821606\\n2019|Independently published|Learn PyQt The Hard Way: A Quick Start Guide to PostgreSQL and SQLite Driven Programming|Siahaan, Vivian and Sianipar, Rismon Hasiholan|9781711384313\\n20020107|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Practical PostgreSQL|Joshua D. Drake; John C. Worsley|9781449310103\\n20020107|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Practical PostgreSQL|Joshua D. Drake|9781449310288\\n30-11-2015|Packt Publishing|Learning PostgreSQL|Salahaldin Juba|9781783989195\\n44113|Packt Publishing|Learn PostgreSQL|Luca Ferrari; Enrico Pirozzi|9781838986896\\n2000|Iuniverse Inc|Postgresql Programmer's Guide|Thomas Lockhart|9780595149179\\n2013-08-26|Packt Publishing|PostgreSQL Replication|Zoltan Boszormenyi and Hans-Jurgen Schonig|9781849516730\\n20130625|Packt Publishing|PostgreSQL Server Programming|Hannu Krosing; Kirk Roybal; Jim Mlodgenski|9781849516990\\n20210422|Springer Nature|PostgreSQL Query Optimization|Henrietta Dombrovskaya; Boris Novikov; Anna Bailliekova|9781484268858\\n26-09-2016|Packt Publishing|PostgreSQL Development Essentials|Manpreet Kaur|9781783989010\\n31-01-2019|Packt Publishing|Learning PostgreSQL 11|Salahaldin Juba; Andrey Volkov|9781789535211\\n20150227|Packt Publishing|PostgreSQL Developer's Guide|Ahmed   Ibrar|9781783989034\\n2015|Samurai Media Limited|Postgresql 9.4 Vol4: Server Programming|Postgresql Development Group|9789888381340\\n20061121|Springer Nature|Beginning PHP and PostgreSQL 8|W Jason Gilmore; Robert H. Treat|9781430201366\\n13-08-2021|Packt Publishing|Developing Modern Database Applications with PostgreSQL|Dr. Quan Ha Le; Marcelo Diaz|9781838641061\\n2017-10-26|Samurai Media Limited|Postgresql 10 Vol4: Server Programming (volume 4)|Postgresql Development Group|9789888407255\\n2007|Network Theory Ltd.|The Postgresql Reference Manual Volume 2: Programming Guide|The Postgresql Global Development Group|9780954612030\\n2010|Network Theory Ltd.|Postgresql 9.0 Reference Manual - Volume 2: Programming Guide|Postgresql Global Development Group|9781906966065",
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    "creators": "Ary Borenszweig and Juan Wajnerman and Brian Cardiff",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "website": "https://crystal-lang.org",
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    "blog": "https://crystal-lang.org/blog/",
    "releaseNotes": "https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md",
    "latestVersion": "1.12.1",
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    "pldbScore": 25183,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "inboundLinks": "ace civet crystal ecr mal pegasus pegasus pygments savi",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "githubBigQuery_repos": 1197,
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 3,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjects": "author name avatar url language languageColor stars forks currentPeriodStars description\\nomarroth invidious https://github.com/omarroth.png https://github.com/omarroth/invidious Crystal #000100 1184 86 154 \"Invidious is an alternative front-end to YouTube\"\\ncrystal-lang crystal https://github.com/crystal-lang.png https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal Crystal #000100 13807 1071 172 \"The Crystal Programming Language\"",
    "githubLanguage_interpreters": "crystal",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "ruby",
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    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
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    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "githubRepo_forks": 1611,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "c/Crystal.cr",
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    "webRepl": "https://play.crystal-lang.org/#/cr",
    "domainName_registered": 2013,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2014,
    "wikipedia_related": "ia-32 freebsd ruby c rust go csharp python llvmir csp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "In computer software programming languages, Crystal is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language, designed and developed by Ary Borenszweig and Juan Wajnerman and more than 200 contributors. With syntax inspired by the language Ruby, it is a compiled language with static type-checking, but specifying the types of variables or method arguments is generally unneeded. Types are resolved by an advanced global type inference algorithm. Crystal is in active development. It is released as free and open-source software under the Apache License version 2.0",
    "wikipedia_created": 2016,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 48972626,
    "lab": "https://forum.crystal-lang.org/",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "cr",
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    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 29785,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "exercism": "https://exercism.org/tracks/crystal",
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    "isSelfHosted": true,
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    "clocExtensions": "cr",
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#crystal",
    "docs": "https://crystal-lang.org/reference/1.6/index.html https://devdocs.io/crystal/",
    "faq": "https://forum.crystal-lang.org/",
    "fileType": "text",
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    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Crystal",
    "country": "Argentina and Germany and Turkey",
    "projectEuler": "Crystal",
    "compilerExplorer_example": "# Type your code here, or load an example.  # compile with --prelude=empty fun square(num : Int32) : Int32   num &* num end",
    "helloWorldCollection": "# Hello world in Crystal  puts \"Hello World\"",
    "leachim6_example": "puts \"Hello World\" ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "#!/usr/bin/env bin/crystal --run require \"../../spec_helper\"  describe \"Type inference: declare var\" do   it \"types declare var\" do     assert_type(\"a :: Int32\") { int32 }   end    it \"types declare var and reads it\" do     assert_type(\"a :: Int32; a\") { int32 }   end    it \"types declare var and changes its type\" do     assert_type(\"a :: Int32; while 1 == 2; a = 'a'; end; a\") { union_of(int32, char) }   end    it \"declares instance var which appears in initialize\" do     result = assert_type(\"       class Foo         @x :: Int32       end        Foo.new\") { types[\"Foo\"] }      mod = result.program      foo = mod.types[\"Foo\"] as NonGenericClassType     foo.instance_vars[\"@x\"].type.should eq(mod.int32)   end    it \"declares instance var of generic class\" do     result = assert_type(\"       class Foo(T)         @x :: T       end        Foo(Int32).new\") do         foo = types[\"Foo\"] as GenericClassType         foo_i32 = foo.instantiate([int32] of Type | ASTNode)         foo_i32.lookup_instance_var(\"@x\").type.should eq(int32)         foo_i32     end   end    it \"declares instance var of generic class after reopen\" do     result = assert_type(\"       class Foo(T)       end        f = Foo(Int32).new        class Foo(T)         @x :: T       end        f\") do         foo = types[\"Foo\"] as GenericClassType         foo_i32 = foo.instantiate([int32] of Type | ASTNode)         foo_i32.lookup_instance_var(\"@x\").type.should eq(int32)         foo_i32     end   end    it \"declares an instance variable in initialize\" do     assert_type(\"       class Foo         def initialize           @x :: Int32         end          def x           @x         end       end        Foo.new.x       \") { int32 }   end end ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Crystal",
    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/crystal_programming",
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    "rijuRepl_example": "puts \"Hello, world!\" ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/crystallanguage",
    "wikipedia_example": "channel = Channel(Int32).new  spawn do   puts \"Before first send\"   channel.send(1)   puts \"Before second send\"   channel.send(2) end  puts \"Before first receive\" value = channel.receive puts value # => 1  puts \"Before second receive\" value = channel.receive puts value # => 2",
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    "gource": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YToY_0fhEzc",
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    "keywords": "abstract do if nil? self unless alias else in of sizeof until as elsif include out struct when as? end instance_sizeof pointerof super while asm ensure is_a? private then with begin enum lib protected true yield break extend macro require type case false module rescue typeof class for next return uninitialized def fun nil select union",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/crystal-lang/crystal",
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    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "printToken": "puts",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
    "includeToken": "require",
    "hasBooleans": true,
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    "hasComments": true,
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    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": false,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
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    "hasStrings": true,
    "hasTypeInference": true,
    "hasWhileLoops": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "tiobe": "Crystal",
    "domainName": "crystal-lang.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Crystal",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/atom-crystal/language-crystal",
    "githubLanguage": "Crystal"
  },
  {
    "id": "mysql",
    "name": "MySQL",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "creators": "David Axmark and Michael Widenius",
    "measurements": 49,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "website": "http://www.mysql.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "blog": "https://dev.mysql.com/blog-archive/",
    "releaseNotes": "https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/8.0/en/",
    "download": "https://www.mysql.com/downloads/",
    "latestVersion": "8.3",
    "rank": 54,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 25149,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "redshift",
    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "m/MySQL.sql",
    "meetup_memberCount": 276432,
    "meetup_groupCount": 644,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "sql.py",
    "domainName_registered": 1999,
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Gradecki|9780471269236\\n2009|McGraw-Hill Education|MySQL Database Usage & Administration|Vaswani, Vikram|9780071605496\\n2005|MySQL Press|MySQL Database Design and Tuning|Schneider, Robert D|9780672327650\\n2005|O'Reilly Media|MySQL in a Nutshell (In a Nutshell (O'Reilly))|Dyer, Russell J. T.|9780596007898\\n20180509|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning PHP, MySQL & JavaScript|Robin Nixon|9781491979099\\n2005|For Dummies|PHP and MySQL Everyday Apps For Dummies|Valade, Janet|9780764575877\\n2006|O'Reilly Media|Learning PHP and MySQL|Michele E. Davis and Jon A. Phillips|9780596101107\\n2012|Springer|PHP and MySQL Manual: Simple, yet Powerful Web Programming (Springer Professional Computing)|Stobart, Simon and Vassileiou, Mike|9781447110552\\n2001|Addison-Wesley|Create Dynamic Web Pages Using PHP and MySQL|Tansley, David|9780201734027\\n2018||Learning Php, Mysql & Javascript, 5th Edition|Robin Nixon|9781491979075\\n2003|Wrox Press|PHP MySQL Website Programming: Problem - Design - Solution|Chris Lea and Mike Buzzard and Cinis, Jessey and Thomas, Dilip|9781861008275\\n20180608|McGraw-Hill Professional|MySQL and JSON: A Practical Programming Guide|David Stokes|9781260135459\\n2010|Packt Publishing|MySQL 5.1 Plugin Development|Sergei Golubchik and Andrew Hutchings|9781849510608\\n2016|Addison-Wesley Professional|PHP and MySQL Web Development (Developer's Library)|Luke, Welling and Thomson Laura|9780133038637\\n2016|Apress|PHP and MySQL Recipes: A Problem-Solution Approach|Kromann, Frank M.|9781484206058\\n2010|Shroff Publishers and Distributors Pvt. Ltd.|LAMP Programming, for Professionals - Covers MySQL 5.4 & PHP 6 (Book/CD-ROM/CentOS 5.4 DVD) by Sharanam Shah, Vaishali Shah (2010) Hardcover|Sharanam Shah and Vaishali Shah|9788184048438\\n2015|Lulu.com|MYSQL Programming Professional Made Easy|Key, Sam|9781329502178\\n2014|Apress|Practical PHP and MySQL Website Databases: A Simplified Approach (Expert's Voice in Web Development)|West, Adrian W.|9781430260776\\n2021|O'Reilly Media|Learning PHP, MySQL & JavaScript: A Step-by-Step Guide to Creating Dynamic Websites|Nixon, Robin|9781492093824\\n2017|Peachpit Press|PHP and MySQL for Dynamic Web Sites: Visual QuickPro Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780134301914\\n2017|Peachpit Press|PHP and MySQL for Dynamic Web Sites: Visual QuickPro Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780134301846\\n2006|O'Reilly Media|MySQL Stored Procedure Programming: Building High-Performance Web Applications in MySQL|Harrison, Guy and Feuerstein, Steven|9780596100896\\n2013|Addison-Wesley Professional|MySQL (Developer's Library)|DuBois, Paul|9780133038538\\n2011|O'Reilly Media|Head First PHP & MySQL|Morrison, Michael and Beighley, Lynn|9780596800802\\n2020|Bowker|MySQL & JSON A Practical Programming Guide: Second Edition|Stokes, David|9780578783246\\n2017|Sams Publishing|PHP, MySQL & JavaScript All in One, Sams Teach Yourself|Meloni Julie C.|9780134439587\\n2008|Addison-Wesley Professional|PHP and MySQL Web Development (4th Edition)|Welling, Luke and Thomson, Laura|9780672329166\\n2011|Peachpit Press|PHP and MySQL for Dynamic Web Sites, Fourth Edition: Visual QuickPro Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780132767583\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|The Joy of PHP: A Beginner's Guide to Programming Interactive Web Applications with PHP and mySQL|Forbes, Alan|9781522792147\\n2013|Addison-Wesley Professional|MySQL (Developer's Library)|Dubois, Paul|9780321833877\\n2014|Peachpit Press|PHP and MySQL for Dynamic Web Sites: Visual QuickPro Guide|Ullman, Larry|9780321784070\\n2005|MySQL Press|MySQL 5.0 Certification Study Guide|DuBois, Paul and Hinz, Stefan and Pedersen, Carsten|9780672328121\\n2014|O'Reilly Media|MySQL Cookbook: Solutions for Database Developers and Administrators|DuBois, Paul|9781449374020\\n2018|Apress|MySQL Connector/Python Revealed: SQL and NoSQL Data Storage Using MySQL for Python Programmers|Krogh, Jesper Wisborg|9781484236949\\n2020-12-02T00:00:01Z|Paul Gibbs|PHP Tutorials: Programming with PHP and MySQL: Learn PHP 7 / 8 with MySQL databases for web Programming|Gibbs, Paul|9780992869755\\n2010|Packt Publishing|MySQL for Python|Lukaszewski, Albert|9781849510189\\n2018|Apress|Introducing InnoDB Cluster: Learning the MySQL High Availability Stack|Bell, Charles|9781484238851\\n2018|McGraw-Hill Education|MySQL and JSON: A Practical Programming Guide|Stokes, David|9781260135442\\n2018-05-21T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PHP Programming for Beginners: Programming Concepts. How to use PHP with MySQL and Oracle databases (MySqli, PDO)|Skudaev, Sergey|9781548980078\\n2008|O'Reilly Media|MySQL in a Nutshell: A Desktop Quick Reference (In a Nutshell (O'Reilly))|Dyer, Russell J. T.|9780596514334\\n2002|O'Reilly Media|Managing and Using MySQL (2nd Edition)|King, Tim and Reese, George and Yarger, Randy and Williams, Hugh E. and Yarger, Randy Jay|9780596002114\\n2019|Apress|Building REST APIs with Flask: Create Python Web Services with MySQL|Relan, Kunal|9781484250228\\n2017|Apress|Pro MySQL NDB Cluster|Krogh, Jesper Wisborg and Okuno, Mikiya|9781484229828\\n2015|McGraw-Hill Education|PHP and MySQL Web Development: A Beginner’s Guide (Beginner's Guide)|Matthews, Marty|9780071837316\\n2017-02-07T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Web Programming with HTML, CSS, Bootstrap, JavaScript, jQuery, PHP, and MySQL|Sanchez, Larry|9781542604758\\n2018|Apress|Practical PHP 7, MySQL 8, and MariaDB Website Databases: A Simplified Approach to Developing Database-Driven Websites|West, Adrian W. and Prettyman, Steve|9781484238431\\n2008|John Wiley &Sons|PHP & MySQL Web Development All-in-One Desk Reference For Dummies|Valade, Janet|9780470167779\\n2008|Cengage Learning PTR|Just Enough Web Programming with XHTML, PHP, and MySQL|Lecky-Thompson, Guy W.|9781598634815\\n2019|Apress|Introducing MySQL Shell: Administration Made Easy with Python|Bell, Charles|9781484250839\\n2011|Wrox|PHP and MySQL 24-Hour Trainer|Tarr, Andrea|9781118066881\\n2006|Pearson|PHP and MySQL by Example|Quigley, Ellie and Gargenta, Marko|9780138006020\\n2010|New Riders|Effortless E-Commerce with PHP and MySQL (Voices That Matter)|Ullman, Larry|9780321678829\\n2019-08-10T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Web Programming with HTML, CSS, Bootstrap, JavaScript, jQuery, PHP, and MySQL Second Edition|Sanchez, Larry|9781089565772\\n2005|MySQL Press|MySQL Database Design and Tuning|Schneider, Robert D|9780672332692\\n2010|Wrox|Expert PHP and MySQL|Curioso, Andrew and Bradford, Ronald and Galbraith, Patrick|9780470563120\\n2019|Momentum Press|Creating Data-Driven Web Sites: An Introduction to HTML, CSS, PHP, and MySQL|Terrell, Bob|9781946646057\\n2005|Course Technology|PHP Programming with MySQL|Gosselin, Don|9780619216870\\n2012|Addison-Wesley Professional|PHP and MySQL Phrasebook (Developer's Library)|Wenz, Christian Wenz|9780321834638\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Developing a Java Web Application in a Day: Step by step explanations with Eclipse, Tomcat, MySQL - A complete Java Project with Source Code (Java Web Programming) (Volume 2)|Manelli, Luciano|9781544274386\\n2015|Apress|Learn PHP 7: Object Oriented Modular Programming using HTML5, CSS3, JavaScript, XML, JSON, and MySQL|Prettyman, Steve|9781484217306\\n2001|Sams|PHP and MySQL Web Development|Luke Welling and Laura Thomson|9780672317842\\n2022|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's PHP and MySQL (4th Edition)|Joel Murach and Ray Harris|9781943873005\\n2002|Sams Publishing|MySQL and JSP Web Applications: Data-Driven Programming Using Tomcat and MySQL|Turner, James|9780672323096\\n2009|Wrox|Beginning PHP 6, Apache, MySQL 6 Web Development|Boronczyk, Timothy and Naramore, Elizabeth and Gerner, Jason and Le Scouarnec, Yann and Stolz, Jeremy|9780470391143\\n2012|Addison-Wesley Professional|PHP and MySQL Phrasebook (Developer's Library)|Wenz, Christian|9780133040333\\n2004|SitePoint|Build Your Own Database Driven Website Using PHP and MySQL: Learning PHP & MySQL Has Never Been So Easy!|Yank, Kevin|9780975240212\\n2014-11-14T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PHP Programming and MySQL For Beginners: A Simple Start To PHP & MySQL Written By A Software Engineer (PHP Programming, MySQL, Computer Programming, Software Engineering) (Volume 1)|Sanderson, Scott|9781503216051\\n2002|Peachpit Press|MySQL|Ullman, Larry|9780321127310\\n2005|McGraw-Hill Education|How to Do Everything with PHP and MySQL|Vaswani, Vikram|9780071466547\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PHP Beginners Course: Understand basics of PHP / MySQL programming in 5 days|Thenmayer, Klaus|9781542609876\\n2003|Apress|PHP MySQL Website Programming: Problem - Design - Solution|Chris Lea and Mike Buzzard and Dilip Thomas and Jessey White-Cinis|9781590591505\\n2001|Prentice Hall|Web Programming: Techniques for Integrating Python, Linux, Apache, and Mysql|Thiruvathukal, George K., Ph.D. and Christopher, Thomas W. and Shafaee, John P.|9780130410658\\n2019|Independently published|Source Code: Path to Programming MySQL|Society, Source Code|9781090807779\\n2005|McGraw-Hill Education|How to Do Everything with PHP and MySQL|Vaswani, Vikram|9780072257953\\n2005|Wrox|Professional ADO.NET 2: Programming with SQL Server 2005, Oracle, and MySQL|McClure, Wallace B. and Beamer, Gregory A. and Croft IV, John J. and Little, J. Ambrose and Ryan, Bill and Winstanley, Phil and Yack, David and Zongker, Jeremy|9780764584374\\n2002|Sams|Sams Teach Yourself PHP, MySQL and Apache in 24 Hours|Meloni, Julie C.|9780672324895\\n2014|Springer Vieweg|Datenbanken und SQL: Eine praxisorientierte Einführung mit Anwendungen in Oracle, SQL Server und MySQL (Informatik & Praxis 17) (German Edition)|Schicker, Edwin|9783834821850\\n2005|Sams|Mysql: The definitive guide to using, programming, and administering MySQL 4.1 and 5.0|Dubois, Paul|9780672326738\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|PHP: The Ultimate Step by Step guide for beginners on how to learn PHP and MYSQL programming in just 6 hours|Dawson, Ted|9781516927494\\n2019-11-24T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Learn PyQt By Example: A Quick Start Guide to MySQL and SQLite Driven Programming|Siahaan, Vivian and Sianipar, Rismon Hasiholan|9781711134468\\n2004|Mysql Pr|MySQL Language Reference: The Official Guide to the MySQL Language and APIs|MySQL AB|9780672326332\\n2003|Springer|PHP and MySQL Manual: Simple, yet Powerful Web Programming (Springer Professional Computing)|Stobart, Simon and Vassileiou, Mike|9781852337476\\n2007|Equity Press|mySQL Database Programming Interview Questions, Answers, and Explanations: mySQL Database Certification Review Guide|Sanchez-Clark, Terry|9781933804590\\n2015-04-29T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Python Programming Professional Made Easy & MYSQL Programming Professional Made Easy (Volume 48)|Key, Sam|9781511966306\\n|O´Reilly Verlag|MySQL kurz & gut||9783897215252\\n2019-11-05T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Learn SQL: the beginner’s guide that explain to you step by step the computer programming SQL language and how to program your first database using MySQL + practical exercises|Harris, Adam|9781705901298\\n2003-06-30T00:00:01Z|Anaya Multimedia-Anaya Interactiva|Desarrollo Web Con Php Y Mysql / PHP and MYSQL Web Development (Programacion / Programming) (Spanish Edition)|Welling, Luke|9788441515697\\n2015|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|C Programming Professional Made Easy & MYSQL Programming Professional Made Easy|Key, Sam|9781511730259\\n2001|Prentice Hall Ptr|Core MySQL|Atkinson, Leon|9780130661906\\n2015|No Starch Press, Incorporated|Php And Mysql For Kids|Johann-Christian Hanke|9781593275655\\n2005|Anaya Multimedia-Anaya Interactiva|Mysql (Programacion / Programming) (Spanish Edition)|Dubois, Paul|9788441518988\\n2009|ANAYA MULTIMEDIA|Programacion con PHP 6 y MySQL/ Programming with PHP 6 and MySQL (Spanish Edition)|Harris, Andy|9788441525528\\n2011|Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John|Php And Mysql 24-hour Trainer|Andrea Tarr|9781118172933\\n2006|O'Reilly Media|Web Database Applications with PHP & MySQL|Shillingford, Nadine|9780596100032\\n2009|ANAYA MULTIMEDIA|PHP y MySQL (Anaya Multimedia/Wrox) (Spanish Edition)|Boronczyk, Timothy and Psinas, Martin E.|9788441525160\\n2017|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Learn Php And Mysql With Ajax In A Weekend : Practical Guide For Quick Learn On Php Programming And Mysql Database Management|Blerton Abazi|9781545378885\\n2014|People Post Press|National Computer Rank Examination Tutorial - two MySQL database programming(Chinese Edition)|QUAN GUO JI SUAN JI DENG JI KAO SHI JIAO CAI BIAN XIE...|9787115370501\\n2011|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|Websites on Tourism: Internet programming with Java, C#, VB.NET and PHP using Microsoft SQL Server and MySQL databases|Voicu, Mirela Catrinel|9783846515532\\n2008|Pearson Technology Group|MySQL|Paul DuBois|9780132704649\\n|O'reilly Verlag Gmbh|MySQL : kurz & gut||9783897215252\\n02/2015|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's MySQL|Joel Murach|9781890774882\\n03/2019|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's MySQL|Joel Murach|9781943872466\\n20140728|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|MySQL Cookbook|Paul DuBois|9781449374150\\n20140728|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|MySQL Cookbook|Paul DuBois|9781449374143\\n20061114|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning MySQL|Saied M.M. Tahaghoghi; Hugh E. Williams|9780596529468\\n20061114|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning MySQL|Saied M.M. Tahaghoghi; Hugh E. Williams|9781449303969\\n2008|Prentice Hall|PHP and MySQL (Video Training)|Marc Wandschneider|9780137155750\\n2003|Apress|Professional Mysql Programming|Wrox Author Team|9781861004284\\n20211018|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|High Performance MySQL|Silvia  Botros; Jeremy Tinley|9781492080466\\n20150413|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Jump Start MySQL|Timothy Boronczyk|9781457192821\\n20100921|Packt Publishing|MySQL for Python|Albert Lukaszewski|9781849510196\\n20211130|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Efficient MySQL Performance|Daniel  Nichter|9781098105044\\n20150413|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Jump Start MySQL|Timothy Boronczyk|9781457192838\\n29-04-2022|Packt Publishing|The MySQL Workshop|Thomas Pettit; Scott Cosentino|9781839215476\\n20020423|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Managing & Using MySQL|Tim King; George Reese; Randy Yarger; Hugh E. Williams|9781449316785\\n20020423|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Managing & Using MySQL|Tim King|9780596159979\\n2004|Osborne/mcgraw-hill|Php 5 & Mysql Programming|Vikram Vaswani|9780072228830\\n2014|O'reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Php, Mysql & Javascript|Robin Nixon|9781491918647\\n20091201|McGraw-Hill Professional|MySQL Database Usage & Administration|Vikram Vaswani|9780071605502\\n2021|O'reilly Media, Inc.|Learning Php, Mysql & Javascript|Robin Nixon|9781492093794\\n2010|John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.|Expert Php And Mysql|Andrew Curioso|9780470643075\\n2010|Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John|Expert Php And Mysql|Andrew Curioso|9780470881644\\n20060602|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning PHP and MySQL|Michele E. Davis; Jon A. Phillips|9780596553500\\n||Learning Php, Mysql & Javascript|Robin Nixon|9788184047943\\n10/2017|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's PHP and MySQL|Joel Murach, Ray Harris|9781943872244\\n20050503|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|MySQL in a Nutshell|Russell J.T. Dyer|9781449379063\\n20060328|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|MySQL Stored Procedure Programming|Guy Harrison|9780596519162\\n20121206|Springer Nature|PHP and MySQL Manual|Simon Stobart; Mike Vassileiou|9780857294043\\n20080415|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|MySQL in a Nutshell|Russell J.T. Dyer|9780596523237\\n20080415|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|MySQL in a Nutshell|Russell J.T. Dyer|9781449379377\\n11/2010|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's PHP and MySQL|Joel Murach, Ray Harris|9781890774745\\n12/2014|Mike Murach & Associates|Murach's PHP and MySQL|Joel Murach, Ray Harris|9781890774929\\n20210722|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning PHP, MySQL & JavaScript|Robin Nixon|9781492093770\\n20101228|Springer Nature|Beginning PHP and MySQL|W Jason Gilmore|9781430231158\\n20050503|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|MySQL in a Nutshell|Russell J.T. Dyer|9780596518288\\n20220303|Taylor & Francis|Mastering MySQL for Web|Mahauganee D. Shaw Bonds|9781000537758\\n20060602|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning PHP and MySQL|Michele E. 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Gradecki|9780471462224\\n2013|Cram101|Studyguide For Php Programming With Mysql|Cram101 Textbook Reviews|9781478495611\\n20180620|Springer Nature|Introducing the MySQL 8 Document Store|Charles Bell|9781484227251\\n20111013|Wiley Professional Development (P&T)|PHP and MySQL 24-Hour Trainer|Andrea Tarr|9781118172919\\n20080328|Springer Nature|Beginning PHP and MySQL E-Commerce|Cristian Darie; Emilian Balanescu|9781430202912\\n20130310|eBookit.com|PHP & MySQL Practice It Learn It|Jitendra Patel|9781456614423\\n2019-12-02|Paul Gibbs|Php Tutorials: Programming With Php And Mysql: Learn Php 7 With Mysql Databases For Web Programming|Mr Paul Gibbs|9780992869748\\n20140220|Emereo|MySQL 323 Success Secrets - 323 Most Asked Questions On MySQL - What You Need To Know|Karen Rich|9781488536373",
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    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2014|The Development of Web Based Expert System for Diagnosing Children Diseases Using PHP and MySQL|10.14445/22312803/IJCTT-V10P134|12|0|Hustina waty and Randy Aprianggi|e4b687662191d88ae1249632f281317aca509e55\\n2016|Aplikasi Diagnosis Gangguan Kecemasan Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining Berbasis Web dengan PHP dan MYSQL|10.15408/SIJSI.V9I1.2960|7|0|Raka Yusuf and Harni Kusniyati and Yurike Nuramelia|926bb33994dc8ced2416bdf997a19c0497e32220\\n2020|Sistem Informasi Berbasis Web Sma Al- Mukhtariyah Mamben Lauk Berbasis Php Dan Mysql Dengan Framework Codeigniter|10.29408/JIT.V3I1.1793|5|0|S. Suhartini and Muhamad Sadali and Yupi Kuspandi Putra|3293452be118ca6720c4a6ea1bfd2bf7198b713b\\n2011|PHP and MySQL|10.1007/978-1-4302-3154-7_3|4|0|B. Travis|b101d45a74a4da315d1d7cf5811bdfea7d01cc11\\n2013|Determination of Bahasa Melayu Word List From Friday Sermon Transcripts Using PHP and MySQL|10.11113/JT.V64.2071|2|0|M. Harun and Muhammad ‘Aasim Asyafi’ie bin Ahmad and S. Hamid and Fareha Abdul Rahman and P. I. Khalid|cfa538107946ab4e1f77ae41db99d8af9a0a3471\\n2014|Sistem Pemrosesan Transaksi Pada Toko Bangunan Berbasis Web Dengan PHP dan MySQL|10.14710/JTSISKOM.2.2.2014.170-174|2|0|Rizky Gelar Maliq and R. Isnanto and Ike Pertiwi Windasari|dbfb0559140c92a193e4723fc8ca7242531286b9\\n2016|SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN SURAT BERBASIS PHP DAN MYSQL DI INSTITUT SENI INDONESIA PADANGPANJANG|10.36275/stsp.v16i1.53|2|1|Irwan Yusti|71d4444fc6c57e59c4e1137b97d0b3da121e028a\\n2019|Sistem Pendaftaran Hotspot Online Berbasis Web Menggunakan Mikrotik API, PHP, MySql Pada SMK Plus Nurul Hakim Kediri|10.29303/jtika.v1i2.28|2|0|Lalu Yusran Said and Andy Hidayat Jatmika and I Wayan Agus Arimbawa|8a53d05a3b7c9a1cc46115d08bbd0179f0099166\\n2014|Design and implementation of massive MYSQL data intelligent export system to excel by using Apache –POI libraries|10.9790/0661-16545865|1|0|K. Bawankule and N. Raut|3084537903d693e891010c67b082ff28c050fbde\\n2019|Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pengolahan Data Penjualan Secara Kredit dan Controlling Stock Dengan Menerapkan Metode Backorder Pada Toko Master Menggunakan Bahasa Pemrograman Java dan Database MySql|10.30829/ALGORITMA.V3I2.6439|1|0|J. Prayoga|852a691443d4f13cf474c7327f78677629d3a738\\n2020|Perancangan Sistem Informasi Penjualan pada Toko Stock Point Lily berbasis PHP MySQL|10.47927/jikb.v11i1.195|1|1|Nery Nestary|460f5e0cbb246f392dae830bbf4e2d170b808e38\\n2020|PERANCANGAN APLIKASI PENENTUAN HASIL KINERJA KARYAWAN AVIATION SECURITY BERBASIS DESKTOP DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN VISUAL STUDIO DAN MYSQL|10.35968/JSI.V7I2.447|1|0|A. Gani|5b9509a6e6f0400025ef4b305afd50f0aee29d85\\n2021|Benchmarking the Operation Times of NoSQL and MySQL Databases for Python Clients|10.1109/IECON48115.2021.9589382|1|0|M. Reichardt and Michael Gundall and H. Schotten|7bca23368078950e94b40d1e397e07870c42901c\\n2016|Developing Plugin e-DDC as an Additional Application for Senayan Library Management System with PHP Language Programming and MySQL Database|10.20473/RLJ.V1I3.2124|1|0|Mohamad Rotmianto and E. Wahyudi|e9f2994a961c188db422c61206970134412286fa\\n2020|Indonesian Language Portfolio in Elementary Schools Based on C++, C# and MySQL Server|10.32628/IJSRST207643|1|0|Ferril Irham Muzaki|bbc1d72cc1724d8fb228c0f9aa2ca0e6f976e23a\\n2020|Implementation of the Electre (Elimination Et Choix Traduisan La Realite) Method in a Healthy Food Menu Decision Support System for Toddlers in the Sasak Area Health Center Pasisie Using the Php And Databse Mysql Programming Language|10.35134/KOMTEKINFO.V7I1.1194|1|0|Mardison Mardison and Syafrika Deni Rizki and L. Rani and Agung Ramadhanu and R. Witri|3144f67d9059167b99ac70b9c5fd369e38955e4b",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nMySQL Language Reference|2004|MySQL|296747|3.71|7|0\\nPHP and MySQL Web Development (Developer's Library)|2003|Luke Welling|40127|3.95|854|54\\nPHP & MySQL For Dummies|2002|Janet Valade|40136|3.53|186|11\\nMySQL Stored Procedure Programming: Building High-Performance Web Applications in MySQL|2006|Guy Harrison|43055|3.67|48|3\\nMySQL Administrator's Guide and Language Reference|2006|MySQL AB|42670|3.63|19|2"
  },
  {
    "id": "reason",
    "name": "Reason",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "measurements": 59,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://reasonml.github.io/",
    "foundationScore": 13,
    "blog": "https://reasonml.github.io/blog/",
    "latestVersion": "3.6.2",
    "rank": 55,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "writtenInCount": 12,
    "pldbScore": 25142,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 14,
    "inboundLinks": "caramel cloc hazel kotlin lfortran ligo mongodb php pygments reason reia rescript sophia xodio",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/facebook/reason",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 23,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 24,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 1924,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "rust",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "rust",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-rustsrc",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.reason",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2016,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 172,
    "githubRepo_forks": 424,
    "githubRepo_stars": 10087,
    "githubRepo_issues": 191,
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "r/Reason.re",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 10,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2016,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2017,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 5,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 1,
    "meetup_memberCount": 901,
    "meetup_groupCount": 11,
    "aka": "reasonml",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "ml.py",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2016,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 2353,
    "repoStats_committers": 162,
    "repoStats_files": 596,
    "repoStats_mb": 26,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 106108,
    "lab": "Facebook",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "re rei",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "re",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "re rei",
    "languageServerProtocolProject_writtenIn": "ocaml",
    "writtenIn": "ocaml reason markdown json bourne-shell diff make javascript yaml nix html bash",
    "compilesTo": "ocaml",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 11723,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "exercism": "https://exercism.org/tracks/reasonml",
    "expandedMeasurements": 136,
    "related": "rust elm purescript fable-lang clojurescript swift haxe",
    "isSelfHosted": true,
    "latestMajorVersion": 3,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "clocExtensions": "re rei",
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#reason",
    "docs": "https://reasonml.github.io/docs/en/what-and-why",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 1246,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Reason",
    "example": "type schoolPerson = Teacher | Director | Student(string);  let greeting = person =>   switch (person) {   | Teacher => \"Hey Professor!\"   | Director => \"Hello Director.\"   | Student(\"Richard\") => \"Still here Ricky?\"   | Student(anyOtherName) => \"Hey, \" ++ anyOtherName ++ \".\"   };",
    "leachim6_example": "print_string \"Hello World\" ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "type component = {displayName: string};  let module Bar = {   let createElement c::c=? children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module Nesting = {   let createElement children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module Much = {   let createElement children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module Foo = {   let createElement a::a=? b::b=? children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module One = {   let createElement       test::test=?       foo::foo=?       children => {     displayName: \"test\"   };   let createElementobvioustypo       test::test       children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module Two = {   let createElement foo::foo=? children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module Sibling = {   let createElement       foo::foo=?       (children: list component) => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module Test = {   let createElement yo::yo=? children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module So = {   let createElement children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module Foo2 = {   let createElement children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module Text = {   let createElement children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module Exp = {   let createElement children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module Pun = {   let createElement intended::intended=? children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module Namespace = {   let module Foo = {     let createElement         intended::intended=?         anotherOptional::x=100         children => {       displayName: \"test\"     };   }; };  let module LotsOfArguments = {   let createElement       argument1::argument1=?       argument2::argument2=?       argument3::argument3=?       argument4::argument4=?       argument5::argument5=?       argument6::argument6=?       children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let div argument1::argument1=? children => {   displayName: \"test\" };  let module List1 = {   let createElement children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module List2 = {   let createElement children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let module List3 = {   let createElement children => {     displayName: \"test\"   }; };  let (/><) a b => a + b;  let (><) a b => a + b;  let (/>) a b => a + b;  let (><\\/) a b => a + b;  let tag1 = 5 />< 6;  let tag2 = 5 >< 7;  let tag3 = 5 /> 7;  let tag4 = 5 ><\\/ 7;  let b = 2;  let selfClosing = <Foo />;  let selfClosing2 = <Foo a=1 b=true />;  let selfClosing3 =   <Foo     a=\"really long values that should\"     b=\"cause the entire thing to wrap\"   />;  let a = <Foo> <Bar c=(fun a => a + 2) /> </Foo>;  let a3 = <So> <Much> <Nesting /> </Much> </So>;  let a4 =   <Sibling>     <One test=true foo=b />     <Two foo=b />   </Sibling>;  let a5 = <Foo> \"testing a string here\" </Foo>;  let a6 =   <Foo2>     <Text> \"testing a string here\" </Text>     <Test yo=1 />     <Text> \"another string\" </Text>     <Bar />     <Exp> (2 + 4) </Exp>   </Foo2>;  let intended = true;  let punning = <Pun intended />;  let namespace = <Namespace.Foo />;  let c = <Foo />;  let d = <Foo />;  let spaceBefore =   <So> <Much> <Nesting /> </Much> </So>;  let spaceBefore2 = <So> <Much /> </So>;  let siblingNotSpaced =   <So> <Much /> <Much /> </So>;  let jsxInList = [<Foo />];  let jsxInList2 = [<Foo />];  let jsxInListA = [<Foo />];  let jsxInListB = [<Foo />];  let jsxInListC = [<Foo />];  let jsxInListD = [<Foo />];  let jsxInList3 = [<Foo />, <Foo />, <Foo />];  let jsxInList4 = [<Foo />, <Foo />, <Foo />];  let jsxInList5 = [<Foo />, <Foo />];  let jsxInList6 = [<Foo />, <Foo />];  let jsxInList7 = [<Foo />, <Foo />];  let jsxInList8 = [<Foo />, <Foo />];  let testFunc b => b;  let jsxInFnCall = testFunc <Foo />;  let lotsOfArguments =   <LotsOfArguments     argument1=1     argument2=2     argument3=3     argument4=4     argument5=5     argument6=\"test\">     <Namespace.Foo />   </LotsOfArguments>;  let lowerCase = <div argument1=1 />;  let b = 0;  let d = 0;  /*  * Should pun the first example:  */ let a = <Foo a> 5 </Foo>;  let a = <Foo a=b> 5 </Foo>;  let a = <Foo a=b b=d> 5 </Foo>;  let a = <Foo a> 0.55 </Foo>;  let a = Foo.createElement \"\" [@JSX];  let ident = <Foo> a </Foo>;  let fragment1 = <> <Foo /> <Foo /> </>;  let fragment2 = <> <Foo /> <Foo /> </>;  let fragment3 = <> <Foo /> <Foo /> </>;  let fragment4 = <> <Foo /> <Foo /> </>;  let fragment5 = <> <Foo /> <Foo /> </>;  let fragment6 = <> <Foo /> <Foo /> </>;  let fragment7 = <> <Foo /> <Foo /> </>;  let fragment8 = <> <Foo /> <Foo /> </>;  let fragment9 = <> 2 2 2 2 </>;  let fragment10 = <> 2.2 3.2 4.6 1.2 </>;  let fragment11 = <> \"str\" </>;  let fragment12 = <> (6 + 2) (6 + 2) (6 + 2) </>;  let fragment13 = <> fragment11 fragment11 </>;  let listOfItems1 = <List1> 1 2 3 4 5 </List1>;  let listOfItems2 =   <List2> 1.0 2.8 3.8 4.0 5.1 </List2>;  let listOfItems3 =   <List3> fragment11 fragment11 </List3>;  /*  * Several sequential simple jsx expressions must be separated with a space.  */ let thisIsRight a b => ();  let tagOne children => ();  let tagTwo children => ();  /* thisIsWrong <tagOne /><tagTwo />; */ thisIsRight <tagOne /> <tagTwo />;  /* thisIsWrong <tagOne> </tagOne><tagTwo> </tagTwo>; */ thisIsRight <tagOne /> <tagTwo />;  let a children => ();  let b children => ();  let thisIsOkay =   <List1> <a /> <b /> <a /> <b /> </List1>;  let thisIsAlsoOkay =   <List1> <a /> <b /> </List1>;  /* Doesn't make any sense, but suppose you defined an    infix operator to compare jsx */ <a /> < <b />;  <a /> > <b />;  <a /> < <b />;  <a /> > <b />;  let listOfListOfJsx = [<> </>];  let listOfListOfJsx = [<> <Foo /> </>];  let listOfListOfJsx = [   <> <Foo /> </>,   <> <Bar /> </> ];  let listOfListOfJsx = [   <> <Foo /> </>,   <> <Bar /> </>,   ...listOfListOfJsx ];  let sameButWithSpaces = [<> </>];  let sameButWithSpaces = [<> <Foo /> </>];  let sameButWithSpaces = [   <> <Foo /> </>,   <> <Bar /> </> ];  let sameButWithSpaces = [   <> <Foo /> </>,   <> <Bar /> </>,   ...sameButWithSpaces ];  /*  * Test named tag right next to an open bracket.  */ let listOfJsx = [];  let listOfJsx = [<Foo />];  let listOfJsx = [<Foo />, <Bar />];  let listOfJsx = [<Foo />, <Bar />, ...listOfJsx];  let sameButWithSpaces = [];  let sameButWithSpaces = [<Foo />];  let sameButWithSpaces = [<Foo />, <Bar />];  let sameButWithSpaces = [   <Foo />,   <Bar />,   ...sameButWithSpaces ];   /**  * Test no conflict with polymorphic variant types.  */ type thisType = [ | `Foo | `Bar];  type t 'a = [< thisType] as 'a;  let asd =   <One test=true foo=2> \"a\" \"b\" </One> [@foo];  let asd2 =   One.createElementobvioustypo   test::false   [\"a\", \"b\"]   [@JSX]   [@foo];  let span     test::(test: bool)     foo::(foo: int)     children => 1;  let asd =   <span test=true foo=2> \"a\" \"b\" </span> [@foo];  /* \"video\" call doesn't end with a list, so the expression isn't converted to JSX */ let video test::(test: bool) children => children;  let asd2 = video test::false 10 [@JSX] [@foo];  let div children => 1;  ((fun () => div) ()) [] [@JSX];  let myFun () =>   <>     <Namespace.Foo       intended=true       anotherOptional=200     />     <Namespace.Foo       intended=true       anotherOptional=200     />     <Namespace.Foo       intended=true anotherOptional=200>       <Foo />       <Foo />       <Foo />       <Foo />       <Foo />       <Foo />       <Foo />     </Namespace.Foo>   </>;  let myFun () => <> </>;  let myFun () =>   <>     <Namespace.Foo       intended=true       anotherOptional=200     />     <Namespace.Foo       intended=true       anotherOptional=200     />     <Namespace.Foo       intended=true anotherOptional=200>       <Foo />       <Foo />       <Foo />       <Foo />       <Foo />       <Foo />       <Foo />     </Namespace.Foo>   </>;   /**  * Children should wrap without forcing attributes to.  */ <Foo a=10 b=0>   <Bar />   <Bar />   <Bar />   <Bar /> </Foo>; /**  * Failing test cases:  */ /* let res = <Foo a=10 b=(<Foo a=200 />) > */ /*   <Bar /> */ /* </Foo>; */ /* let res = <Foo a=10 b=(<Foo a=200 />) />; */ ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "ReasonML",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/reasonml",
    "rijuRepl_example": "print_string(\"Hello, world!\\n\");",
    "leachim6": "Reason",
    "languageServerProtocolProject": "https://github.com/jaredly/reason-language-server",
    "keywords": "as assert begin class constraint do done downto else end exception external false for fun esfun function functor if in include inherit initializer lazy let switch module pub mutable new nonrec object of open pri rec sig struct then to true try type val virtual when while with",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/facebook/reason",
    "meetup": "https://www.meetup.com/topics/reasonml",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "printToken": "print_string",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
    "hasBinaryNumbers": true,
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasCaseInsensitiveIdentifiers": false,
    "hasClasses": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasConditionals": true,
    "hasDestructuring": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasFunctions": true,
    "hasHexadecimals": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasOctals": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "hasSwitch": true,
    "hasWhileLoops": true,
    "bookCount": 1,
    "paperCount": 3,
    "domainName": "reasonml.github.io",
    "githubBigQuery": "Reason",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/reasonml-editor/language-reason",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2006|Pc Publishing|Fast Guide To Propellerhead Reason|Hollin Jones; Debbie Poyser; Derek Johnson|9781870775274",
    "githubLanguage": "Reason",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1997|Interval propagation to reason about sets: Definition and implementation of a practical language|10.1007/BF00137870|177|14|C. Gervet|6532f8973c4640b8feec743a9937f02ac16f6a38\\n2006|How to reason with OWL in a logic programming system|10.1109/RULEML.2006.14|33|1|M. Krötzsch and P. Hitzler and Denny Vrandečić and Michael Sintek|a022506f8daec551f86ec601b1e9e972a86271ee\\n2019|Semantic Query Integration With Reason|10.22152/programming-journal.org/2019/3/13|6|0|Philipp Seifer and Martin Leinberger and R. Lämmel and Steffen Staab|7f31fa37c6311d844637ea126e1c47dd5fd387a9"
  },
  {
    "id": "graphql",
    "name": "GraphQL",
    "appeared": 2012,
    "creators": "Lee Byron",
    "measurements": 46,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "website": "http://graphql.org/",
    "foundationScore": 9,
    "blog": "https://graphql.org/blog/",
    "releaseNotes": "https://github.com/graphql/graphql-js/releases",
    "rank": 56,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 25135,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 10,
    "inboundLinks": "ace cloc codeql dgraph gintonic michelson ngql prettier pygments wasmer",
    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
    "githubLanguage_repos": 1,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.graphql",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "g/GraphQL.graphql",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 47,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2015,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 2,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 6,
    "domainName_registered": 2015,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2015,
    "wikipedia_related": "javascript ruby scala",
    "wikipedia_summary": "GraphQL is a data query language developed internally by Facebook in 2012 before being publicly released in 2015. It provides an alternative to REST and ad-hoc webservice architectures.. It allows clients to define the structure of the data required, and exactly the same structure of the data is returned from the server. It is a strongly typed runtime which allows clients to dictate what data is needed. This avoids both the problems of over-fetching as well as under-fetching of data. Major GraphQL clients include Apollo Client and Relay. GraphQL servers are available for multiple languages, including JavaScript, Python, Ruby, Java, C#, Scala, Go, Elixir, Erlang, PHP, and Clojure.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2016,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 195,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 15,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 65,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 50353761,
    "lab": "Facebook",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "graphql gql graphqls",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "graphql",
    "languageServerProtocolProject_writtenIn": "javascript",
    "leetSheets": "https://cheatsheets.zip/graphql",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 18676,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 71,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "clocExtensions": "gql graphql graphqls",
    "docs": "https://graphql.org/learn/",
    "eventsPageUrl": "https://graphql.org/community/upcoming-events/",
    "faq": "https://graphql.org/faq/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "annualReportsUrl": "https://graphql.org/foundation/annual-reports/",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/graphql",
    "monaco": "graphql",
    "leachim6_example": "{     \"Hello World\" }",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# Copyright (c) 2015, Facebook, Inc. # All rights reserved. # # This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the # LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant # of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.  schema {   query: QueryType   mutation: MutationType }  type Foo implements Bar {   one: Type   two(argument: InputType!): Type   three(argument: InputType, other: String): Int   four(argument: String = \"string\"): String   five(argument: [String] = [\"string\", \"string\"]): String   six(argument: InputType = {key: \"value\"}): Type }  interface Bar {   one: Type   four(argument: String = \"string\"): String }  union Feed = Story | Article | Advert  scalar CustomScalar  enum Site {   DESKTOP   MOBILE }  input InputType {   key: String!   answer: Int = 42 }  extend type Foo {   seven(argument: [String]): Type }  directive @skip(if: Boolean!) on FIELD | FRAGMENT_SPREAD | INLINE_FRAGMENT  directive @include(if: Boolean!)   on FIELD    | FRAGMENT_SPREAD    | INLINE_FRAGMENT ",
    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/GraphQL",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/graphql",
    "leachim6": "GraphQL",
    "languageServerProtocolProject": "https://github.com/Mayank1791989/gql-language-server",
    "keywords": "null true false query mutation subscription extend schema directive scalar type interface union enum input implements fragment on",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasCaseInsensitiveIdentifiers": false,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasEnums": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasIds": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasInterfaces": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasLists": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "hasUnionTypes": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GraphQL",
    "bookCount": 11,
    "paperCount": 7,
    "domainName": "graphql.org",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/rmosolgo/language-graphql",
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    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#chapel",
    "docs": "https://chapel-lang.org/docs/",
    "eventsPageUrl": "https://chapel-lang.org/events.html",
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    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Chapel",
    "country": "United States",
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    "reference": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1299190",
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    "youtubes": "https://www.youtube.com/@chapellanguage",
    "mastodon": "https://mastodon.social/@chapelprogramminglanguage",
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    "leachim6_example": "writeln(\"Hello World\"); ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "writeln(\"Hello, world!\");    // print 'Hello, world!' to the console ",
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    "hasDefaultParameters": true,
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    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasForEachLoops": true,
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    "hasFunctionOverloading": true,
    "hasFunctions": true,
    "hasGenerics": true,
    "hasGlobalScope": false,
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    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "hasUnitsOfMeasure": false,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapel_(programming_language)",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=8171",
    "domainName": "chapel-lang.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Chapel",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/chapel-lang/chapel-tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2008|Springer|Languages And Compilers For Parallel Computing: 11th International Workshop, Lcpc'98, Chapel Hill, Nc, Usa, August 7-9, 1998, Proceedings (lecture Notes In Computer Science)|Chatterjee and J.f.|9783540664260\\n2014|William Morrow|The Hydra Protocol: A Jim Chapel Mission (Jim Chapel Missions)|Wellington, David|9780062248800",
    "githubLanguage": "Chapel",
    "indeedJobs": "chapel developer",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2007|Parallel Programmability and the Chapel Language|10.1177/1094342007078442|948|67|B. Chamberlain and D. Callahan and H. Zima|24f093129e03eb7e8911d9556d70d90153e81584\\n2012|Performance Portability with the Chapel Language|10.1109/IPDPS.2012.60|46|2|A. Sidelnik and Saeed Maleki and B. Chamberlain and M. Garzarán and D. Padua|96973447980a120734a8b1368b566eb159b87b70\\n2012|Global Data Re-allocation via Communication Aggregation in Chapel|10.1109/SBAC-PAD.2012.18|21|3|Alberto Sanz and R. Asenjo and Juan López and R. Larrosa and A. Navarro and V. Litvinov and Sung-Eun Choi and B. Chamberlain|aba4addd7f8317e721eba2cffcd124a1dd55f38b\\n2006|Iterators in Chapel|10.1109/IPDPS.2006.1639499|17|1|Mackale Joyner and B. Chamberlain and Steven J. Deitz|f9d65fcdcb1bf8fa7b1de7c6e1b8398132f2d37c\\n2012|An Empirical Performance Study of Chapel Programming Language|10.1109/IPDPSW.2012.64|13|1|N. Dun and K. Taura|66b83390781ac875d253f48c219db3d0939493c1\\n2013|Automated Verification of Chapel Programs Using Model Checking and Symbolic Execution|10.1007/978-3-642-38088-4_14|11|1|Timothy K. Zirkel and Stephen F. Siegel and Timothy McClory|ab3d61bcf5bab68d67814c101e13e68777008f18\\n2017|Comparative Performance and Optimization of Chapel in Modern Manycore Architectures|10.1109/IPDPSW.2017.126|9|1|Engin Kayraklioglu and Wo Chang and T. El-Ghazawi|2013fa22a8f0dd21d543b1198696e85cb38a7548\\n2014|Affine Loop Optimization Based on Modulo Unrolling in Chapel|10.1145/2676870.2676877|8|0|Aroon Sharma and Darren Smith and Joshua Koehler and R. Barua and Michael P. Ferguson|4cd64ddd973fcec98e20062ac2b1fd5ee8e47794\\n2016|PGAS Access Overhead Characterization in Chapel|10.1109/IPDPSW.2016.193|7|0|Engin Kayraklioglu and O. Serres and Ahmad Anbar and Hashem Elezabi and T. El-Ghazawi|cdc0d2b153f15c52367e319ddb34acbbf4b57e1b\\n2020|Development of Parallel CFD Applications with the Chapel Programming Language|10.2514/6.2021-0749|7|0|M. Parenteau and S. Bourgault-Cote and Frédéric Plante and Engin Kayraklioglu and E. Laurendeau|0db7434a6fb2dfb0bfb674b9865d5bdafcff07c2\\n2017|Data Centric Performance Measurement Techniques for Chapel Programs|10.1109/IPDPS.2017.37|6|0|Hui Zhang and J. Hollingsworth|2342215a29e15e7d2c9ac9eb63ca5db4a87cac3a\\n2015|Assessing Memory Access Performance of Chapel through Synthetic Benchmarks|10.1109/CCGrid.2015.157|3|0|Engin Kayraklioglu and T. El-Ghazawi|797dfc31a180c9b3de24b3f587292e201c7f7e42\\n2017|Scheduling Chapel Tasks with Qthreads on Manycore: A Tale of Two Schedulers|10.1145/3095770.3095774|3|0|N. Evans and Stephen L. Olivier and R. Barrett and George Stelle|10858d712705556b133407d1434352c42d0cfba6\\n2017|Towards a GraphBLAS Library in Chapel|10.1109/IPDPSW.2017.118|3|0|A. Azad and A. Buluç|79ad275569d313354c203623eb321817542de819\\n2016|Transparently Resilient Task Parallelism for Chapel|10.1109/IPDPSW.2016.102|2|0|Konstantina Panagiotopoulou and Hans-Wolfgang Loidl|2edf5b50f4845936aab09ecfa806219cd14437b7\\n2011|Translating Chapel to Use FREERIDE: A Case Study in Using an HPC Language for Data-Intensive Computing|10.1109/IPDPS.2011.266|2|0|Bin Ren and G. Agrawal and B. Chamberlain and Steven J. Deitz|2d2a24c4a338f0d65d74e6b283c026ab093ff857\\n2019|Graph Algorithms in PGAS: Chapel and UPC++|10.1109/HPEC.2019.8916309|2|0|Louis Jenkins and J. Firoz and Marcin Zalewski and C. Joslyn and Mark Raugas|cf83d871185279c6b4108126b5710fc1cfd70376\\n2021|Towards High Productivity and Performance for Irregular Applications in Chapel|10.1109/SCWS55283.2021.00012|2|0|Thomas B. Rolinger and Joseph Craft and Christopher D. Krieger and A. Sussman|8b1fb263b1e8b7ae3edf81ac2b2d3a13d18be553\\n2018|ChplBlamer: A Data-centric and Code-centric Combined Profiler for Multi-locale Chapel Programs|10.1145/3205289.3205314|1|0|Hui Zhang and J. Hollingsworth|4fe4bc6f6332e63b653b1f4ffe73efedec7bdc6c"
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    "id": "awk",
    "name": "awk",
    "appeared": 1977,
    "creators": "Alfred Aho and Peter J. Weinberger and Brian Kernighan",
    "measurements": 47,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~bwk/btl.mirror/",
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    "rank": 63,
    "exampleCount": 5,
    "pldbScore": 25070,
    "hoplId": 1844,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "inboundLinks": "abcl-lang arrow-format bash bawk beef berkeleydb cir civet crmsh ecl eiffel elfe ffmpeg flex flow9 gforth go groff hhvm incipit java kona ktyek latino lil linux mal manim michelson mongodb ngs nodejs noweb php poke pov-ray-sdl prismjs pygments ragel revolution-programming-language ruby slony smpl swift v wonkey xl-lang",
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    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "a/AWK.awk",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2012,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2016,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 3,
    "standsFor": "Aho, Weinberger, Kernighan",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "textedit.py",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1977,
    "wikipedia_related": "c snobol bourne-shell tcl ampl perl lua regex unix sed freebsd solaris java isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "AWK is a programming language designed for text processing and typically used as a data extraction and reporting tool. It is a standard feature of most Unix-like operating systems. The AWK language is a data-driven scripting language consisting of a set of actions to be taken against streams of textual data – either run directly on files or used as part of a pipeline – for purposes of extracting or transforming text, such as producing formatted reports. The language extensively uses the string datatype, associative arrays (that is, arrays indexed by key strings), and regular expressions. While AWK has a limited intended application domain and was especially designed to support one-liner programs, the language is Turing-complete, and even the early Bell Labs users of AWK often wrote well-structured large AWK programs. AWK was created at Bell Labs in the 1970s, and its name is derived from the surnames of its authors—Alfred Aho, Peter Weinberger, and Brian Kernighan. The acronym is pronounced the same as the name of the bird auk (which acts as an emblem of the language such as on The AWK Programming Language book cover – the book is often referred to by the abbreviation TAPL). When written in all lowercase letters, as awk, it refers to the Unix or Plan 9 program that runs scripts written in the AWK programming language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 1456,
    "lab": "Bell Labs",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "awk auk gawk mawk nawk",
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    "interviews": "http://pldb.info/blog/brianKernighan.html",
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    "exercism": "https://exercism.org/tracks/awk",
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    "numberOfCreators": 3,
    "clocExtensions": "auk awk gawk mawk nawk",
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    "docs": "https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/gawk.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/awk",
    "quineRelay": "Awk",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:AWK",
    "ubuntuPackage": "gawk",
    "country": "United States",
    "projectEuler": "AWK",
    "leachim6_example": "# awk -f awk.awk BEGIN { print \"Hello World\" } ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "#!/bin/awk -f  BEGIN {   # It is not possible to define output file names here because   # FILENAME is not define in the BEGIN section   n = \"\";   printf \"Generating data files ...\";   network_max_bandwidth_in_byte = 10000000;   network_max_packet_per_second = 1000000;   last3 = 0;   last4 = 0;   last5 = 0;   last6 = 0; } {   if ($1 ~ /Average/)     { # Skip the Average values       n = \"\";       next;     }    if ($2 ~ /all/)     { # This is the cpu info       print $3 > FILENAME\".cpu.user.dat\"; #   print $4 > FILENAME\".cpu.nice.dat\";       print $5 > FILENAME\".cpu.system.dat\"; #     print $6 > FILENAME\".cpu.iowait.dat\";       print $7 > FILENAME\".cpu.idle.dat\";       print 100-$7 > FILENAME\".cpu.busy.dat\";     }   if ($2 ~ /eth0/)     { # This is the eth0 network info       if ($3 > network_max_packet_per_second)  print last3 > FILENAME\".net.rxpck.dat\"; # Total number of packets received per second.       else  {    last3 = $3;    print $3 > FILENAME\".net.rxpck.dat\"; # Total number of packets received per second.  }       if ($4 > network_max_packet_per_second)  print last4 > FILENAME\".net.txpck.dat\"; # Total number of packets transmitted per second.       else  {    last4 = $4;    print $4 > FILENAME\".net.txpck.dat\"; # Total number of packets transmitted per second.  }       if ($5 > network_max_bandwidth_in_byte)  print last5 > FILENAME\".net.rxbyt.dat\"; # Total number of bytes received per second.       else  {    last5 = $5;    print $5 > FILENAME\".net.rxbyt.dat\"; # Total number of bytes received per second.  }       if ($6 > network_max_bandwidth_in_byte)  print last6 > FILENAME\".net.txbyt.dat\"; # Total number of bytes transmitted per second.       else  {    last6 = $6;    print $6 > FILENAME\".net.txbyt.dat\"; # Total number of bytes transmitted per second.  } #     print $7 > FILENAME\".net.rxcmp.dat\"; # Number of compressed packets received per second (for cslip etc.). #     print $8 > FILENAME\".net.txcmp.dat\"; # Number of compressed packets transmitted per second. #     print $9 > FILENAME\".net.rxmcst.dat\"; # Number of multicast packets received per second.     }    # Detect which is the next info to be parsed   if ($2 ~ /proc|cswch|tps|kbmemfree|totsck/)     {       n = $2;     }    # Only get lines with numbers (real data !)   if ($2 ~ /[0-9]/)     {       if (n == \"proc/s\")  { # This is the proc/s info    print $2 > FILENAME\".proc.dat\"; #   n = \"\";  }       if (n == \"cswch/s\")  { # This is the context switches per second info    print $2 > FILENAME\".ctxsw.dat\"; #   n = \"\";  }       if (n == \"tps\")  { # This is the disk info    print $2 > FILENAME\".disk.tps.dat\"; # total transfers per second    print $3 > FILENAME\".disk.rtps.dat\"; # read requests per second    print $4 > FILENAME\".disk.wtps.dat\"; # write requests per second    print $5 > FILENAME\".disk.brdps.dat\"; # block reads per second    print $6 > FILENAME\".disk.bwrps.dat\"; # block writes per second #   n = \"\";  }       if (n == \"kbmemfree\")  { # This is the mem info    print $2 > FILENAME\".mem.kbmemfree.dat\"; # Amount of free memory available in kilobytes.    print $3 > FILENAME\".mem.kbmemused.dat\"; # Amount of used memory in kilobytes. This does not take into account memory used by the kernel itself.    print $4 > FILENAME\".mem.memused.dat\"; # Percentage of used memory. #         It appears the kbmemshrd has been removed from the sysstat output - ntolia #   print $X > FILENAME\".mem.kbmemshrd.dat\"; # Amount of memory shared by the system in kilobytes.  Always zero with 2.4 kernels. #   print $5 > FILENAME\".mem.kbbuffers.dat\"; # Amount of memory used as buffers by the kernel in kilobytes.    print $6 > FILENAME\".mem.kbcached.dat\"; # Amount of memory used to cache data by the kernel in kilobytes. #   print $7 > FILENAME\".mem.kbswpfree.dat\"; # Amount of free swap space in kilobytes. #   print $8 > FILENAME\".mem.kbswpused.dat\"; # Amount of used swap space in kilobytes.    print $9 > FILENAME\".mem.swpused.dat\"; # Percentage of used swap space. #   n = \"\";   }       if (n == \"totsck\")  { # This is the socket info    print $2 > FILENAME\".sock.totsck.dat\"; # Total number of used sockets.    print $3 > FILENAME\".sock.tcpsck.dat\"; # Number of TCP sockets currently in use. #   print $4 > FILENAME\".sock.udpsck.dat\"; # Number of UDP sockets currently in use. #   print $5 > FILENAME\".sock.rawsck.dat\"; # Number of RAW sockets currently in use. #   print $6 > FILENAME\".sock.ip-frag.dat\"; # Number of IP fragments currently in use. #   n = \"\";   }     } } END {   print \" '\" FILENAME \"' done.\"; } ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Awk",
    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/awk",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/awk",
    "rijuRepl_example": "BEGIN { print \"Hello, world!\" } ",
    "wikipedia_example": "BEGIN {     pattern = ARGV[1]     for (i = 1; i < ARGC; i++) # remove first argument         ARGV[i] = ARGV[i + 1]     ARGC--     if (ARGC == 1) { # the pattern was the only thing, so force read from standard input (used by book)         ARGC = 2         ARGV[1] = \"-\"     } } $0 ~ pattern { print FILENAME \":\" $0 }",
    "leachim6": "AWK",
    "rijuRepl_gitRepo": "https://savannah.gnu.org/git/?group=gawk",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "printToken": "print",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasHexadecimals": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AWK",
    "bookCount": 26,
    "paperCount": 8,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1844",
    "tiobe": "Awk",
    "githubBigQuery": "Awk",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/github-linguist/awk-sublime",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1997|O'Reilly Media|sed & awk|Dougherty, Dale and Robbins, Arnold|9781565922259\\n1988|Pearson|The AWK Programming Language|Aho, Alfred V. and Kernighan, Brian W. and Weinberger, Peter J.|9780201079814\\n2001|O'Reilly Media|Effective awk Programming (3rd Edition)|Robbins, Arnold|9780596000707\\n2015|O'Reilly Media|Effective awk Programming: Universal Text Processing and Pattern Matching|Robbins, Arnold|9781491904619\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Learning AWK Programming: A fast, and simple cutting-edge utility for text-processing on the Unix-like environment|Kalkhanda, Shiwang|9781788397087\\n2018-03-26T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Learning AWK Programming: A fast, and simple cutting-edge utility for text-processing on the Unix-like environment|Kalkhanda, Shiwang|9781788391030\\n2013|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Hands-On Korn Shell and AWK Scripting: Learn Unix and Linux Programming Through Advanced Scripting Examples|Williams, Brian|9781492724049\\n19970301|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|sed & awk|Dale Dougherty; Arnold Robbins|9781449396602\\n1997|O'reilly Media|Effective Awk Programming|Arnold Robbins|9781578310005\\n19970301|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|sed & awk|Dale Dougherty; Arnold Robbins|9781449301880\\n20150303|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Effective awk Programming|Arnold Robbins|9781491904961\\n2000|Iuniverse Inc|Effective Awk Programming: A User's Guide For Gnu Awk, Edition 1.0.3|Arnold D. Robbins|9780595100347\\n20150303|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Effective awk Programming|Arnold Robbins|9781491904978\\n2000|D D C Pub|Awk Programming (2 Days)|Sim Mcnally|9781562439811\\n2011|Lulu.com|Gawk: Effective Awk Programming|Arnold Robbins|9781447550839\\n20020612|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|sed and awk Pocket Reference|Arnold Robbins|9780596529024\\n20020612|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|sed and awk Pocket Reference|Arnold Robbins|9780596552022\\n1996|Specialized Systems Consultants|Effective Awk Programming: A User's Guide For Gnuawk|Arnold D. Robbins|9780916151881\\n2013|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Unix Command Line And Awk Scripting: Harnessing The Power Of Unix And Linux Programming Environments|Dmitri Petrovic|9781492724315\\n2013|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Advanced Unix Shell Scripting: How To Reduce Your Labor And Increase Your Effectiveness Through Mastery Of Unix Shell Scripting And Awk Programming|Praveen Puri|9781484076385",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Tcl (pronounced \"tickle\" or tee cee ell, ) is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language. It was designed with the goal of being very simple but powerful. Tcl casts everything into the mold of a command, even programming constructs like variable assignment and procedure definition. Tcl supports multiple programming paradigms, including object-oriented, imperative and functional programming or procedural styles. It is commonly used embedded into C applications, for rapid prototyping, scripted applications, GUIs, and testing. Tcl interpreters are available for many operating systems, allowing Tcl code to run on a wide variety of systems. Because Tcl is a very compact language, it is used on embedded systems platforms, both in its full form and in several other small-footprint versions. The popular combination of Tcl with the Tk extension is referred to as Tcl/Tk, and enables building a graphical user interface (GUI) natively in Tcl. Tcl/Tk is included in the standard Python installation in the form of Tkinter.",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# XDG Base Directory Specification handling # # Copyright (C) 2013 Lawrence Woodman # # Licensed under an MIT licence.  Please see LICENCE.md for details. # # For XDG Base Directory Specification #   http://standards.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html # package require Tcl 8.5  namespace eval XDG {   variable DEFAULTS \"\"   namespace export DATA_HOME CONFIG_HOME CACHE_HOME   namespace export RUNTIME_DIR DATA_DIRS CONFIG_DIRS }  proc XDG::SetDefaults {} {   variable DEFAULTS   if {$DEFAULTS ne \"\"} return   set DEFAULTS [list \\     DATA_HOME   [file join $::env(HOME) .local share] \\     CONFIG_HOME [file join $::env(HOME) .config] \\     CACHE_HOME  [file join $::env(HOME) .cache] \\     DATA_DIRS   [list [file join /usr local share] [file join /usr share]] \\     CONFIG_DIRS [list [file join /etc xdg ]]   ] }  proc XDG::XDGVarSet {var} {   expr {[info exists ::env(XDG_$var)] && $::env(XDG_$var) ne \"\"} }  proc XDG::Dir {var {subdir \"\"} } {   variable DEFAULTS   SetDefaults   set dir [dict get $DEFAULTS $var]    if {[XDGVarSet $var]} {     set dir $::env(XDG_$var)   }    return [file join $dir $subdir] }  proc XDG::Dirs {var {subdir \"\"} } {   variable DEFAULTS   SetDefaults   set rawDirs [dict get $DEFAULTS $var]    if {[XDGVarSet $var]} {     set rawDirs [split $::env(XDG_$var) \":\"]   }    set outDirs {}   foreach dir $rawDirs {     lappend outDirs [file join $dir $subdir]   }   return $outDirs }  # The remaining procs reference the environmental variables XDG_ # followed by the proc name. proc XDG::DATA_HOME {{subdir \"\"}} {Dir DATA_HOME $subdir} proc XDG::CONFIG_HOME {{subdir \"\"}} {Dir CONFIG_HOME $subdir} proc XDG::CACHE_HOME {{subdir \"\"}} {Dir CACHE_HOME $subdir}  proc XDG::RUNTIME_DIR {{subdir \"\"}} {   if {![XDGVarSet RUNTIME_DIR]} { return {} }   return [file join $::env(XDG_RUNTIME_DIR) $subdir] }  # The following procs returning the directories as a list with the most # important first. proc XDG::DATA_DIRS {{subdir \"\"}} {Dirs DATA_DIRS $subdir} proc XDG::CONFIG_DIRS {{subdir \"\"}} {Dirs CONFIG_DIRS $subdir} ",
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Breuer and Luis Sánchez-Fernández and C. D. Kloos|97ff0ba97f9aab90c3174a0b378d9fc254ddc1a3\\n1989|A VHDL compiler based on attribute grammar methodology|10.1145/73141.74829|19|0|Rodney Farrow and A. Stanculescu|e853bf2bec84a2d6ce9fab94e926c95728d6df9a\\n1997|A refinement calculus for the synthesis of verified hardware descriptions in VHDL|10.1145/262004.262007|18|1|Peter T. Breuer and C. D. Kloos and Andrés Marín López and N. M. Madrid and Luis Sánchez-Fernández|f50caba2299a8bf297514ae2905d4c42530fcaed\\n2001|An educational environment for VHDL hardware description language using the WWW and specific workbench|10.1109/FIE.2001.963876|17|0|A. Etxebarria and I. Oleagordía and M. Sanchez|89b28bbfc98b8e80ca2f252a61b9308ff5e3f334\\n2001|VHDL Standards|10.1109/54.953280|15|1|P. Ashenden|7c22efdebce1575636a6a95679cb7e9d2d7633ba\\n2010|Fuzzy logic controller implementation on a FPGA using VHDL|10.1109/NAFIPS.2010.5548192|14|1|Davi Nunes Oliveira and Arthur Plínio De Souza Braga and Otacílio da Mota Almeida|5c673b78d1e63ac6f73f1fb15b22553283684b07\\n1995|Denotational semantics of a synchronous VHDL subset|10.1007/BF01383873|11|0|D. Borrione and A. Salem|b3319c892c5b0aa69e41336736ba99dcac9f378c\\n1997|Source level optimisation of VHDL for behavioural synthesis|10.1049/IP-CDT:19970631|11|1|T.P.K. Nijhar and A. D. Brown|9827364efb7a253c1a87cc62ba4afee22fa17fe4\\n2003|Transformation of VHDL descriptions into DEVS models for fault modeling|10.1109/ICSMC.2003.1244575|11|0|L. Capocchi and F. Bernardi and D. Federici and P. Bisgambiglia|4bcf61f8160baf127294d5ffc953e13a860b7d49\\n2010|Design and implementation of a Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System on an FPGA using VHDL|10.1109/NAFIPS.2010.5548190|10|0|Davi Nunes Oliveira and Gustavo Alves de Lima Henn and Otacílio da Mota Almeida|4ee9497b4f706152da5636a3987af3bc8e4bd3bc\\n2012|Design of FPGA based 8-bit RISC controller IP core using VHDL|10.1109/INDCON.2012.6420656|10|0|R. P. Aneesh and K. Jiju|62bd019dba43b3f6b3b5cab7334d72b362504650\\n2012|A plug-in to Eclipse for VHDL source codes: functionalities|10.1117/12.2005981|10|0|B. Niton and K. Pozniak and R. Romaniuk|0ba95c75ef89ebce2659c69d6f3c16ed745ea947\\n1986|VHDL Critique|10.1109/MDT.1986.294917|8|0|J. Nash and Larry F. Saunders|10ba492a9ded9528ca7f5b4d6df99bce5eb0430b\\n2014|VHDL implementation of IEEE 754 floating point unit|10.1109/ICICES.2014.7033999|8|1|Anjana Sasidharan and P. 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Corporaal|619d7479d26d842136db0820e702e753c867ca60\\n2013|Combining Software and Hardware Test Generation Methods to Verify VHDL Models|10.5755/j01.itc.42.4.4261|5|0|V. Jusas and Tomas Neverdauskas|c3949af30fa7264f3bd729071d4100878231c350\\n2013|VHDL Design and Synthesis of 64 bit RISC Processor System on Chip (SoC)|10.9790/4200-0353142|5|1|Navneet Kaur|821c2318b84642225f7331d29696557ea593c591\\n2018|Designing Digital Systems Using Cartesian Genetic Programming and VHDL|10.1007/978-3-319-67997-6_3|5|0|B. Henson and James Alfred Walker and M. Trefzer and A. Tyrrell|ba08c62f55a4419829df71ed00d91ec02bfc4379\\n2006|VHDL Implementation of a (255,191) Reed Solomon Coder for DVB-H|10.1109/ISCE.2006.1689531|4|0|M. Mehnert and D.F. von Droste and D. Schiel|a84c91e63422218fbcd63c5ddcf0b7997e489fdb\\n2017|FPGA implementation of RS codec with interleaver in DVB-T using VHDL|10.14419/IJET.V6I4.8205|4|0|Sara Kamar and Abdelmoniem Fouda and A. 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    "wikipedia_summary": "The INI file format is an informal standard for configuration files for some platforms or software. INI files are simple text files with a basic structure composed of sections, properties, and values. In MS-DOS and 16-bit Windows platforms up through Windows ME, the INI file served as the primary mechanism to configure operating system and installed applications features, such as device drivers, fonts, startup launchers, and things that needed to be initialized in booting Windows. INI files were also generally used by applications to store their individual settings. Starting with Windows NT, Microsoft favored the use of the registry, and began to steer developers away from using INI files for configuration. All subsequent versions of Windows have used the Windows Registry for system configuration, and applications built on the .NET Framework use special XML .config files. The APIs still exist in Windows, however, and developers may still use them. The name \"INI file\" comes from the commonly used filename extension .INI, which stands for \"initialization\". Other common initialization file extensions are .CFG, .conf, and .TXT, especially CONFIG.SYS and 'config.txt' occurrences. Linux and Unix systems also use a similar file format for system configuration. In addition, platform-agnostic software may use this file format for configuration. It is human-readable and simple to parse, so it is a usable format for configuration files that do not require much greater complexity. For example, the platform-agnostic PHP uses the INI format for its \"php.ini\" configuration file in both Windows and Linux systems. Desktop.ini files determine how a folder is displayed by Windows, such as the icon used by that folder.",
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    "reference": "https://orgmode.org/org.html#Document-structure",
    "example": "#+OPTIONS:    H:3 num:nil toc:nil \\n:nil @:t ::t |:t ^:t -:t f:t *:t TeX:t LaTeX:t skip:nil d:(HIDE) tags:not-in-toc #+STARTUP:    align fold nodlcheck hidestars oddeven lognotestate #+SEQ_TODO:   TODO(t) INPROGRESS(i) WAITING(w@) | DONE(d) CANCELED(c@) #+TAGS:       Write(w) Update(u) Fix(f) Check(c) #+TITLE:      org-ruby #+AUTHOR:     Brian Dewey #+EMAIL:      bdewey@gmail.com #+LANGUAGE:   en #+PRIORITIES: A C B #+CATEGORY:   worg  {Back to Worg's index}  * Motivation    The dominant simple plain-text markup languages for the web are   Textile and Markdown. A factor for the popularity of those markup   formats is the widespread availability of simple, free packages for   converting the formats to HTML. For example, the world of   Ruby-powered websites has settled on RedCloth for converting Textile   to HTML.    The default way to convert org-mode files to HTML is the powerful   publishing functionality provided by =emacs=. However, =emacs= does   not easiliy integrate into many existing website frameworks.    =Org-ruby= tries to make it easier to use org-mode files in both   dyanmic and static website generation tools written in   Ruby. =Org-ruby= is a simple Ruby gem to convert org-mode files to   HTML.  * Using Org-ruby    =Org-ruby= follows the same model as other Ruby markup   libraries. You install the gem:    #+BEGIN_EXAMPLE   sudo gem install org-ruby   #+END_EXAMPLE    Then, to convert an org-file to HTML in your Ruby code:    #+BEGIN_EXAMPLE   require 'rubygems'   require 'org-ruby'    data = IO.read(filename)   puts Orgmode::Parser.new(data).to_html   #+END_EXAMPLE  * Walkthrough: Using org-ruby with Webby    Here is an example of how to integrate =org-ruby= into Webby, a   static website generation tool written in Ruby.    Webby follows a similar pattern to other static site generation   tools (like nanoc, Jekyll, and webgen):    - You author website content in text with simple markup   - Each page is fed through one or more /filters/ to produce HTML   - The HTML is mixed in with layouts to produce the final pages    For a Webby site, a the source for a page may look like this:    #+BEGIN_EXAMPLE   ---   title:           Special Directories   created_at:      2009-12-17   status:          Complete   filter:     - erb     - maruku   tags:     - powershell   ---   <%= @page.title %>   ==================    Special Directories are a set of directories, each of which has a   function that will navigate you to the appropriate directory using   the push-location cmdlet. For example, the function `home` might   navigate to `c:\\users\\bdewey.`    Install   -------    Copy the module to somewhere in `ENV:PSModulePath`. Then,        InstallModule SpecialDirectories   #+END_EXAMPLE    In the above example, the text is written in Markdown. At the top of   the file, metadata informs Webby to pass the text through two   /filters/ to produce HTML. The first filter, =erb=, handles embedded   Ruby. In this case, it will replace ~<%= @page.title %>~ with the   page title (=Special Directories=). The second filter uses Maruku to   translate Markdown into HTML.    You can use the exact same pattern to include org-mode files in a   Webby site. For this walkthrough, I assume you already have Webby   installed, and that you've already created a site.    1. Make sure you have =org-ruby= installed: =sudo gem install      org-ruby=.   2. You need to register a new Webby filter to handle org-mode      content. Webby makes this easy. In the =lib/= folder of your      site, create a file =orgmode.rb=:       #+BEGIN_EXAMPLE      require 'org-ruby'       Webby::Filters.register :org do |input|        Orgmode::Parser.new(input).to_html      end      #+END_EXAMPLE       This code creates a new filter, =org=, that will use the      =org-ruby= parser to translate org-mode input into HTML.   3. Create your content. For example:       #+BEGIN_EXAMPLE --- title:              Orgmode Parser created_at:         2009-12-21 status:             Under development filter:   - erb   - org tags:   - orgmode   - ruby --- <%= @page.title %>    Status: <%= @page.status %>  * Description    Helpful Ruby routines for parsing orgmode files. The most   significant thing this library does today is convert orgmode files   to textile. Currently, you cannot do much to customize the   conversion. The supplied textile conversion is optimized for   extracting \"content\" from the orgfile as opposed to \"metadata.\"   * History  ** 2009-12-29: Version 0.4     - The first thing output in HTML gets the class \"title\"    - HTML output is now indented    - Proper support for multi-paragraph list items.       See? This paragraph is part of the last bullet.     - Fixed bugs:      - \"rake spec\" wouldn't work on Linux. Needed \"require 'rubygems'\".        #+END_EXAMPLE       This file will go through the =erb= and =org= filters; as defined      in the previous step, the =org= filter will use =org-ruby= to      generate HTML.    That's all there is to it! ",
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    "wikipedia_example": "-,+[                         Read first character and start outer character reading loop     -[                       Skip forward if character is 0         >>++++[>++++++++<-]  Set up divisor (32) for division loop                                (MEMORY LAYOUT: dividend copy remainder divisor quotient zero zero)         <+<-[                Set up dividend (x minus 1) and enter division loop             >+>+>-[>>>]      Increase copy and remainder / reduce divisor / Normal case: skip forward             <[[>+<-]>>+>]    Special case: move remainder back to divisor and increase quotient             <<<<<-           Decrement dividend         ]                    End division loop     ]>>>[-]+                 End skip loop; zero former divisor and reuse space for a flag     >--[-[<->+++[-]]]<[         Zero that flag unless quotient was 2 or 3; zero quotient; check flag         ++++++++++++<[       If flag then set up divisor (13) for second division loop                                (MEMORY LAYOUT: zero copy dividend divisor remainder quotient zero zero)             >-[>+>>]         Reduce divisor; Normal case: increase remainder             >[+[<+>-]>+>>]   Special case: increase remainder / move it back to divisor / increase quotient             <<<<<-           Decrease dividend         ]                    End division loop         >>[<+>-]             Add remainder back to divisor to get a useful 13         >[                   Skip forward if quotient was 0             -[               Decrement quotient and skip forward if quotient was 1                 -<<[-]>>     Zero quotient and divisor if quotient was 2             ]<<[<<->>-]>>    Zero divisor and subtract 13 from copy if quotient was 1         ]<<[<<+>>-]          Zero divisor and add 13 to copy if quotient was 0     ]                        End outer skip loop (jump to here if ((character minus 1)/32) was not 2 or 3)     <[-]                     Clear remainder from first division if second division was skipped     <.[-]                    Output ROT13ed character from copy and clear it     <-,+                     Read next character ]                            End character reading loop",
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "apl",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/apl",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.apl",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "a/APL.apl",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 99,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2016,
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    "standsFor": "A Programming Language",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "apl.py",
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    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
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    "lab": "Harvard University",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "apl dyalog",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "apl",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "apl aplf aplo apln aplc apli dyalog",
    "rijuRepl_fileExtensions": "apl",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 3670,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "clocExtensions": "apl apla aplc aplf apli apln aplo dyalog dyapp mipage",
    "visualParadigm": false,
    "docs": "https://xosnitc.github.io/apl-spec.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "codeMirror": "apl",
    "replit": "https://repl.it/languages/apl",
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    "country": "United States",
    "projectEuler": "APL/J/K",
    "helloWorldCollection": "⍝ Hello World in APL  ⎕←\\'Hello World\\'",
    "leachim6_example": "⎕←'Hello World'  ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "#!/usr/local/bin/apl --script NEWLINE ← ⎕UCS 10 HEADERS ← 'Content-Type: text/plain', NEWLINE HEADERS ⍝ ⎕←HEADERS ⍝ ⍕⎕TS )OFF ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "APL",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/apl",
    "rijuRepl_example": "'Hello, world!' ",
    "wikipedia_example": "txt←'<html><body><p>This is <em>emphasized</em> text.</p></body></html>' ⎕←{⍵/⍨~{⍵∨≠\\⍵}⍵∊'<>'}txt",
    "leachim6": "APL",
    "rijuRepl_gitRepo": "https://savannah.gnu.org/svn/?group=apl",
    "lineCommentToken": "⍝",
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    "id": "yacc",
    "name": "Yacc",
    "appeared": 1975,
    "creators": "Stephen C. Johnson",
    "measurements": 27,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage compiler",
    "foundationScore": 70,
    "rank": 99,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 24812,
    "hoplId": 704,
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    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.yacc",
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    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 2,
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    "standsFor": "Yet Another Compiler-Compiler",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1975,
    "wikipedia_related": "unix b c bison ocaml ratfor ada pascal java python ruby go common-lisp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Yacc (Yet Another Compiler-Compiler) is a computer program for the Unix operating system. It is a Look Ahead Left-to-Right (LALR) parser generator, generating a parser, the part of a compiler that tries to make syntactic sense of the source code, specifically a LALR parser, based on an analytic grammar written in a notation similar to Backus–Naur Form (BNF). Yacc itself used to be available as the default parser generator on most Unix systems, though it has since been supplanted as the default by more recent, largely compatible, programs.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 229,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 358,
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    "writtenIn": "c",
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    "numberOfCreators": 1,
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    "clocExtensions": "y yacc",
    "docs": "https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009604599/utilities/yacc.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://github.com/babyraging/yash",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "%{ /*  * Test program: Advanced Calculator  * by Zhao Cheng 5/20/2012  */ %}  %union {     double val;    /* For returning numbers.  */     symrec *tptr;  /* For returning symbol-table pointers.  */ }  %token <val> NUMBER %token <tptr> VAR FNCT  %right '=' %left '+' '-' %left '*' '/' %right '^' %left NEG  %type <val> expression  %{ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <math.h> #include \"calc.h\"  /* Contains definition of `symrec'.  */ %}  %%  statement     : /* empty */ { exit(0); }     | expression { printf(\"= %f\\n\", $1); }     ;  expression     : NUMBER { $$ = $1; }     | VAR    { $$ = $1->value.var; }     | VAR '=' expression        { $$ = $3; $1->value.var = $3; }     | FNCT '(' expression ')'   { $$ = (*($1->value.fnctptr))($3); }     | expression '*' expression { $$ = $1 * $3; }     | expression '/' expression { $$ = $1 / $3; }     | expression '+' expression { $$ = $1 + $3; }     | expression '-' expression { $$ = $1 - $3; }     | expression '^' expression { $$ = pow($1, $3); }     | '-' expression %prec NEG  { $$ = -$2; }     | '(' expression ')'        { $$ = $2; }     ;  %% struct init {     char const *fname;     double (*fnct) (double); }; struct init const arith_fncts[] = {     \"sin\"   , sin   ,     \"asin\"  , asin  ,     \"cos\"   , cos   ,     \"acos\"  , acos  ,     \"tan\"   , tan   ,     \"atan\"  , atan  ,     \"ceil\"  , ceil  ,     \"floor\" , floor ,     \"abs\"   , fabs  ,     \"ln\"    , log   ,     \"log\"   , log10 ,     \"lg\"    , log2  ,     \"exp\"   , exp   ,     \"sqrt\"  , sqrt  ,     0       , 0 }; /* The symbol table: a chain of `struct symrec'.  */ symrec *sym_table; /* Put arithmetic functions in table.  */ void init_table (void) {     int i;     symrec *ptr;     for (i = 0; arith_fncts[i].fname != 0; i++) {         ptr = putsym (arith_fncts[i].fname, FNCT);         ptr->value.fnctptr = arith_fncts[i].fnct;     } } int main() {     init_table();     while (yyparse() == 0)         ;     return 0; } void yyerror(const char *msg) {     fprintf(stderr, \"Error: %s\\n\", msg); } symrec * putsym (char const *sym_name, int sym_type) {   symrec *ptr;   ptr = (symrec *) malloc (sizeof (symrec));   ptr->name = (char *) malloc (strlen (sym_name) + 1);   strcpy (ptr->name,sym_name);   ptr->type = sym_type;   ptr->value.var = 0; /* Set value to 0 even if fctn.  */   ptr->next = (struct symrec *)sym_table;   sym_table = ptr;   return ptr; } symrec * getsym (char const *sym_name) {   symrec *ptr;   for (ptr = sym_table; ptr != (symrec *) 0;        ptr = (symrec *)ptr->next)     if (strcmp (ptr->name,sym_name) == 0)       return ptr;   return 0; } ",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yacc",
    "bookCount": 4,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=704",
    "tiobe": "yacc",
    "githubBigQuery": "Yacc",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/bison.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2007|PHI|Compiler Design Using FLEX and YACC|Das, Vinu V.|9788120332515\\n2012|O’Reilly Media|Lex & Yacc|Doug Brown Doug and John R. Levine and Tony Mason and Tony Mason and Doug Brown|9781449385606\\n2012-02-23|Wiley|Compiler Construction Using Java, JavaCC, and Yacc|Anthony J. Dos Reis|9781118112878\\n2012|Wiley|Compiler Construction Using Java, JavaCC, and Yacc|Anthony J. Dos Reis|9781118112779",
    "githubLanguage": "Yacc",
    "linkedInSkill": "yacc",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1985|Yacc in sasl — an exercise in functional programming|10.1002/spe.4380150807|20|0|S. Jones|5e6fedcd614749ea7e7e6dc764dee16d590c12f6"
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  {
    "id": "arm",
    "name": "ARM",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "creators": "Sophie Wilson and Steve Furber",
    "measurements": 24,
    "tags": "assembly",
    "rijuRepl_website": "https://developer.arm.com/architectures/cpu-architecture",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "download": "https://developer.arm.com/downloads/-/arm-compiler-for-embedded",
    "rank": 100,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 24811,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "inboundLinks": "b3-ir",
    "primaryTag": "assembly",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Acorn RISC Machine",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1985,
    "wikipedia_related": "x86-isa java-bytecode bbc-basic verilog c assembly-language java csharp perl python mmx javascript android unix ios freebsd linux",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ARM, originally Acorn RISC Machine, later Advanced RISC Machine, is a family of reduced instruction set computing (RISC) architectures for computer processors, configured for various environments. British company ARM Holdings develops the architecture and licenses it to other companies, who design their own products that implement one of those architectures‍—‌including systems-on-chips (SoC) and systems-on-modules (SoM) that incorporate memory, interfaces, radios, etc. It also designs cores that implement this instruction set and licenses these designs to a number of companies that incorporate those core designs into their own products. Processors that have a RISC architecture typically require fewer transistors than those with a complex instruction set computing (CISC) architecture (such as the x86 processors found in most personal computers), which improves cost, power consumption, and heat dissipation. These characteristics are desirable for light, portable, battery-powered devices‍—‌including smartphones, laptops and tablet computers, and other embedded systems. For supercomputers, which consume large amounts of electricity, ARM could also be a power-efficient solution. ARM Holdings periodically releases updates to architectures and core designs. All of them support a 32-bit address space (only pre-ARMv3 chips, made before ARM Holdings was formed, as in original Acorn Archimedes, had smaller) and 32-bit arithmetic; instructions for ARM Holdings' cores have 32-bit fixed-length instructions, but later versions of the architecture also support a variable-length instruction set that provides both 32- and 16-bit instructions for improved code density. Some older cores can also provide hardware execution of Java bytecodes. The ARMv8-A architecture, announced in October 2011, adds support for a 64-bit address space and 64-bit arithmetic with its new 32-bit fixed-length instruction set. With over 100 billion ARM processors produced as of 2017, ARM is the most widely used instruction set architecture in terms of quantity produced. Currently, the widely used Cortex cores, older \"classic\" cores, and specialized SecurCore cores variants are available for each of these to include or exclude optional capabilities.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2538,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 1871,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 60558,
    "lab": "Acorn Computers",
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    "expandedMeasurements": 26,
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "docs": "https://developer.arm.com/documentation/",
    "faq": "https://developer.arm.com/documentation/102870/latest/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 3230,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/arm",
    "rijuRepl_example": " .text  .globl main main:  mov r7, #4  mov r0, #1  ldr r1, =message  mov r2, #14  swi 0  mov r7, #1  mov r0, #0  swi 0  .data message:  .string \"Hello, world!\\n\" ",
    "wikipedia_example": "; if (r0 == r1) CMP r0, r1 ITE EQ        ; ARM: no code ... Thumb: IT instruction ; then r0 = r2; MOVEQ r0, r2  ; ARM: conditional; Thumb: condition via ITE 'T' (then) ; else r0 = r3; MOVNE r0, r3  ; ARM: conditional; Thumb: condition via ITE 'E' (else) ; recall that the Thumb MOV instruction has no bits to encode \"EQ\" or \"NE\"",
    "rijuRepl_gitRepo": "https://gcc.gnu.org/git.html",
    "lineCommentToken": ";",
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    "jupyterKernel": "https://github.com/DeepHorizons/iarm",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARM_architecture",
    "bookCount": 52,
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2015|Morgan Kaufmann|Digital Design and Computer Architecture: ARM Edition|Harris, Sarah and Harris, David|9780128000564\\n2016|Newnes|Modern Assembly Language Programming with the ARM Processor|Pyeatt, Larry D.|9780128036983\\n2000|Addison-Wesley Professional|ARM System-on-Chip Architecture (2nd Edition)|Furber, Steve|9780201675191\\n2004|Morgan Kaufmann|ARM System Developer's Guide: Designing and Optimizing System Software (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Computer Architecture and Design)|Sloss, Andrew and Symes, Dominic and Wright, Chris|9781558608740\\n2016|MicroDigitalEd|TI MSP432 ARM Programming for Embedded Systems (ARM books) (Volume 4)|Mazidi, Muhammad Ali and Chen, Shujen and Naimi, Sepehr and Naimi, Sarmad and Salmanzadeh, Misagh|9780997925913\\n2005|CRC Press|Real-Time Embedded Multithreading: Using ThreadX and ARM|Lamie, Edward L.|9781578201341\\n2018|MicroDigitalEd|ARM Assembly Language Programming with Raspberry Pi using GCC|Naimi, Sepehr and Naimi, Sarmad and Yaghini, Azalia and Mazidi, Muhammad Ali|9781970054002\\n2019|Apress|Raspberry Pi Assembly Language Programming: ARM Processor Coding|Smith, Stephen|9781484252871\\n2014|Springer|ARM Assembly Language with Hardware Experiments|Elahi, Ata and Arjeski, Trevor|9783319117041\\n2004|Morgan Kaufmann|ARM System Developer's Guide: Designing and Optimizing System Software (ISSN)|Sloss, Andrew and Symes, Dominic and Wright, Chris|9780080490496\\n2009|Newnes|The Definitive Guide to the ARM Cortex-M3|Yiu, Joseph|9781856179638\\n2016-08-12T00:00:01Z|MicroDigitalEd.com|ARM Assembly Language Programming & Architecture (ARM books) (Volume 1)|Mazidi, Muhammad Ali and Naimi, Sarmad and Naimi, Sepehr and Chen, Shujen|9780997925906\\n2016|Newnes|Fast and Effective Embedded Systems Design: Applying the ARM mbed|Wilmshurst, Tim and Toulson, Rob|9780081009031\\n2014|CRC Press|ARM Assembly Language: Fundamentals and Techniques, Second Edition|Hohl, William and Hinds, Christopher|9781482229868\\n2019-10-24T00:00:01Z|Apress|Raspberry Pi Assembly Language Programming: ARM Processor Coding|Smith, Stephen|9781484252864\\n2021|Apress|RP2040 Assembly Language Programming: ARM Cortex-M0+ on the Raspberry Pi Pico|Smith, Stephen|9781484277539\\n2021|Apress|RP2040 Assembly Language Programming: ARM Cortex-M0+ on the Raspberry Pi Pico|Smith, Stephen|9781484277522\\n2020|Apress|Modern Arm Assembly Language Programming: Covers Armv8-A 32-bit, 64-bit, and SIMD|Kusswurm, Daniel|9781484262665\\n2015|Morgan Kaufmann|Digital Design and Computer Architecture: ARM Edition|Harris, Sarah and Harris, David|9780128009116\\n2019|Newnes|ARM 64-Bit Assembly Language|Pyeatt, Larry D. and Ughetta, William|9780128192214\\n2017|MicroDigitalEd|TI Tiva ARM Programming For Embedded Systems: Programming ARM Cortex-M4 TM4C123G with C (Mazidi & Naimi ARM Series) (Volume 2)|Mazidi, Muhammad Ali and Chen, Shujen and Naimi, Sarmad and Naimi, Sepehr|9780997925920\\n2020|Apress|Programming with 64-Bit ARM Assembly Language: Single Board Computer Development for Raspberry Pi and Mobile Devices|Smith, Stephen|9781484258804\\n2018-05-14T00:00:01Z|MicroDigitalEd|STM32 Arm Programming for Embedded Systems (Volume 6)|Mazidi, Muhammad Ali and Chen, Shujen and Ghaemi, Eshragh|9780997925944\\n2015|Newnes|The Definitive Guide to ARM Cortex -M0 and Cortex-M0+ Processors|Yiu, Joseph|9780128032770\\n2016|Morgan Kaufmann|Computer Organization and Design ARM Edition: The Hardware Software Interface (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Computer Architecture and Design)|Patterson, David A. and Hennessy, John L.|9780128018354\\n2017|MicroDigitalEd|Atmel ARM Programming for Embedded Systems (Mazidi & Naimi ARM Series) (Volume 5)|Mazidi, Muhammad Ali and Chen, Shujen and Ghaemi, Eshragh and Naimis|9780997925975\\n2016-10-15T00:00:01Z|MicroDigitalEd|Freescale ARM Cortex-M Embedded Programming (Mazidi and Naimi ARM books) (Volume 3)|Mazidi, Muhammad Ali and Naimi, Sarmad and Naimi, Sepehr and Chen, Shujen|9780997925982\\n2017|CRC Press|ARM Microprocessor Systems: Cortex-M Architecture, Programming, and Interfacing|Tahir, Muhammad and Javed, Kashif|9781482259384\\n2012|Newnes|Fast and Effective Embedded Systems Design: Applying the ARM mbed|Toulson, Rob and Wilmshurst, Tim|9780080977690\\n2015|Morgan Kaufmann|Embedded Systems: ARM Programming and Optimization|Bakos, Jason D.|9780128004128\\n2020|Mazidi & Naimi|Arm Cortex-M Assembly Programming for Embedded Programmers: Using Keil|Naimi, Sepehr and Naimi, Sarmad and Mazidi, Muhammad Ali|9781970054132\\n1996|Addison-Wesley|ARM System Architecture|Furber, Stephen B.|9780201403527\\n2022|Springer|Embedded System Design with ARM Cortex-M Microcontrollers: Applications with C, C++ and MicroPython|Ünsalan, Cem and Gürhan, Hüseyin Deniz and Yücel, Mehmet Erkin|9783030884390\\n2009|CRC Press|ARM Assembly Language: Fundamentals and Techniques|Hohl, William|9781439806104\\n2012|Newnes|Fast and Effective Embedded Systems Design: Applying the ARM mbed|Toulson, Rob and Wilmshurst, Tim|9780080977683\\n2011|Newnes|The Definitive Guide to the ARM Cortex-M0|Yiu, Joseph|9780123854773\\n2015|Morgan Kaufmann|Embedded Systems: ARM Programming and Optimization|Bakos, Jason D.|9780128003428\\n2007|Newnes|The Definitive Guide to the ARM Cortex-M3 (Embedded Technology)|Yiu, Joseph|9780750685344\\n2009|Newnes|The Definitive Guide to the ARM Cortex-M3|Yiu, Joseph|9781856179645\\n2016|Springer|ARM Assembly Language with Hardware Experiments|Elahi, Ata and Arjeski, Trevor|9783319379548\\n2012|Wiley-ISTE|Assembly Language Programming: ARM Cortex-M3|Mahout, Vincent|9781848213296\\n2019-06-14T00:00:01Z|MicroDigitalEd.com|TI ARM Microcontroller Programming with Energia: Going from Arduino to ARM: Using TI ARM Launchpad|Mazidi, Muhammad Ali and Chen, Shujen and Ghaemi, Eshragh|9781970054217\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|ARM Cortex-M3 & Cortex-M4 Assembly Language Programming: The Beginners Guide to ARM Cortex-M3 and 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International Consulting LTD.|Arduino Programming: 2 books in 1 - The Ultimate Beginner's & Intermediate Guide to Learn Arduino Programming Step by Step|Turner, Ryan|9781647710194\\n2019|CRC Press|Internet of Things with Raspberry Pi and Arduino|Singh, Rajesh and Gehlot, Anita and Gupta, Lovi Raj and Singh, Bhupendra and Swain, Mahendra|9780367248215\\n20150401|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Faszinierende Elektronik-Projekte mit Scratch, Arduino und Raspberry Pi|Erik Bartmann|9783958750333\\n2014|Constructing Modern Knowledge Press|Sylvia's Super-Awesome Project Book: Super-Simple Arduino (Volume 2)|\"Todd, Sylvia \"\"Super-Awesome\"\"\"|9780989151160\\n2020|BPB Publications|Biomedical Sensors Data Acquisition with LabVIEW: Effective Way to Integrate Arduino with LabView (English Edition)|Prakash, Anshuman and Gupta, Dr. Lovi Raj and Gupta, Dr.  Rajesh and Gehlot, Dr. Anita and Beri, Rydhm|9789389845990\\n2020|O'Reilly Media|Arduino Cookbook: Recipes to Begin, Expand, and Enhance Your Projects|Margolis, Michael and Jepson, Brian and Weldin, Nicholas Robert|9781491903520\\n2021|Michael Cheich|Arduino Book for Beginners|Cheich, Mike|9780988780613\\n2014|Sams Publishing|Arduino Programming in 24 Hours, Sams Teach Yourself (Sams Teach Yourself: In 24 Hours)|Blum, Richard|9780672337123\\n2011|O'Reilly Media|Arduino Cookbook, 2nd Edition|Margolis, Michael|9781449313876\\n2022|Independently Published|\"Arduino Projects with Tinkercad: Designing and programming Arduino-based electronics projects using Tinkercad (Arduino | Introduction and Projects)\"|Wild, M.Eng. Johannes|9783987420375\\n2017|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Hacking Electronics: Learning Electronics with Arduino and Raspberry Pi, Second Edition|Monk, Simon|9781260012217\\n2016|Oxford University Press|Arduino for Musicians: A Complete Guide to Arduino and Teensy Microcontrollers|Edstrom, Brent|9780199309320\\n2014|Sams Publishing|Arduino Programming in 24 Hours, Sams Teach Yourself|Richard, Blum|9780133764130\\n2013|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|30 Arduino Projects for the Evil Genius, Second Edition|Monk, Simon|9780071817721\\n2018|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Programming Arduino Next Steps: Going Further with Sketches, Second Edition|Monk, Simon|9781260143256\\n2017|MicroDigitalEd|The AVR Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C: Using Arduino Uno and Atmel Studio|Naimi, Sepehr and Naimi, Sarmad and Mazidi, Muhammad Ali|9780997925968\\n2020|Independently published|Arduino: 2020 Beginners Guide to Learn Arduino Programming. Amazing Projects included .|Abdous, Rick|9781660614523\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Python Programming for Arduino|Desai, Pratik|9781783285938\\n2014|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Arduino Projects for Amateur Radio|Purdum, Jack and Kidder, Dennis|9780071834063\\n2013|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Programming Arduino Next Steps: Going Further with Sketches|Monk, Simon|9780071830263\\n2016-06-22T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|ESP8266: Programming NodeMCU Using Arduino IDE - Get Started With ESP8266|Learning, UpSkill|9781534822665\\n2013|McGraw-Hill Education Tab|Programming Arduino Next Steps: Going Further with Sketches|Monk, Simon|9780071830256\\n2017|No Starch Press|Arduino Project Handbook, Volume 2: 25 Simple Electronics Projects for Beginners|Geddes, Mark|9781593278182\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Arduino for Secret Agents|Schwartz, Marco|9781783986095\\n2011|Apress|Beginning Arduino|McRoberts, Michael|9781430232407\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Building Wireless Sensor Networks Using Arduino (Community Experience Distilled)|Kooijman, Matthijs|9781784397159\\n2011|Make Community, LLC|Make: Arduino Bots and Gadgets: Six Embedded Projects with Open Source Hardware and Software (Learning by Discovery)|Karvinen, Tero and Karvinen, Kimmo|9781449389710\\n2013|For Dummies|Arduino Projects For Dummies|Craft, Brock|9781118551516\\n2016|Apress|Building Arduino Projects for the Internet of Things: Experiments with Real-World Applications|Javed, Adeel|9781484219393\\n2013|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|30 Arduino Projects for the Evil Genius, Second Edition|Monk, Simon|9780071817738\\n2019-12-13T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Computer Programming: This Book Includes: SQL, Linux, Java, Python, C#, Arduino, C# For Intermediates, Arduino For Intermediates Learn Any Computer Language In One Day Step by Step (#2020 Version)|Tudor, Steve|9781675075104\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Building Smart Drones with ESP8266 and Arduino: Build exciting drones by leveraging the capabilities of Arduino and ESP8266|Faruk Towaha, Syed Omar|9781788476928\\n2012|Apress|Beginning C for Arduino: Learn C Programming for the Arduino (Technology in Action)|Purdum, Jack|9781430247760\\n2019-07-19T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Arduino for Beginners: Comprehensive Beginners Guide to Learn Arduino Programming Step by Step|THORPE, ETHAN|9781081547776\\n2018|Bentham Science Publishers|Arduino meets MATLAB: Interfacing, Programs and Simulink|Singh, Rajesh and Gehlot, Anita and Singh, Bhupendra and Choudhury, Sushabhan|9781681087276\\n2011|Maker Media, Inc|Getting Started with Arduino|Banzi, Massimo|9781449309879\\n2013|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Arduino Robot Bonanza|McComb, Gordon|9780071782784\\n2015|Copperhill Media Corporation|SAE J1939 ECU Programming & Vehicle Bus Simulation with Arduino|Voss, Wilfried|9781938581182\\n2011|O'Reilly Media|Arduino Cookbook|Margolis, Michael|9780596802479\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Arduino for Secret Agents|Schwartz, Marco|9781783986088\\n2011|Apress|Beginning Arduino Programming (Technology in Action)|Evans, Brian|9781430237785\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Basic Programming Essentials: Learn the Basics of Batch, HTML, C, G and M code and Arduino Programming|DeSipio Jr., Matthew M|9781979833868\\n2011|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Arduino + Android Projects for the Evil Genius: Control Arduino with Your Smartphone or Tablet|Monk, Simon|9780071775977\\n2011|Apress|Arduino Internals (Technology in Action)|Wheat, Dale|9781430238829\\n2015|Wiley|Arduino Sketches: Tools and Techniques for Programming Wizardry|Langbridge, James A.|9781118919699\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Arduino Computer Vision Programming|Özkaya, Özen and Giray Yıllıkçı|9781782174288\\n2012|Apress|Arduino Wearables (Technology in Action)|Olsson, Tony|9781430243595\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Arduino Development Cookbook|Amariei, Cornel|9781783982950\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Arduino by Example|Boloor, Adith Jagadish|9781785289088\\n2019-12-14T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Arduino: Simple and Effective Strategies to Arduino Programming|Thorpe, Ethan|9781675486207\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Arduino Wearable Projects|Olsson, Tony|9781785283307\\n2016|Apress|Building Arduino Projects for the Internet of Things: Experiments with Real-World Applications|Javed, Adeel|9781484219409\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Internet of Things with MQTT: Build connected IoT devices with Arduino and MQ Telemetry Transport (MQTT)|Pulver, Tim|9781789345001\\n2013|Apress|Beginning Arduino (Technology in Action)|McRoberts, Michael|9781430250173\\n2013|Que Publishing|Arduino for Beginners: Essential Skills Every Maker Needs|Baichtal, John|9780133416732\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Arduino for Kids: A cool guide to help kids develop robots and electronics|Kuber, Priya and Bhatnagar, Rishi Gaurav and Varada, Vijay|9781785882227\\n2017|Packt Publishing|Learn Arduino Prototyping in 10 days|Choudhuri, Kallol Bosu Roy|9781788298544\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Arduino Wearable Projects|Olsson, Tony|9781785282799\\n2018|Independently published|Arduino: The Complete 3 Books in 1 for Beginners, Intermediate and 19 Sample Designs and Codings and Advance Crash Guide in Arduino Programming|Webber, Zach|9781730847844\\n2018|Independently published|Advanced Programming For Arduino Geeks|Magda, Yury and Magda, Yury|9781718154780\\n2017|Apress|Arduino Programming with .NET and Sketch|Kurniawan, Agus|9781484226599\\n2018|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Arduino (Learn Programming Projects) (Volume 1)|Thompson, Matthew|9781721076628\\n2013|AuthorHouse UK|C Programming for the Pc the Mac and the Arduino Microcontroller System|Minns, Peter D|9781491880517\\n2016|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Arduino: Getting Started With Arduino: The Ultimate Beginner’s Guide (Arduino 101, Arduino sketches, Complete beginners guide, Programming, Raspberry Pi 2, xml, c++, Ruby, html, php, Robots)|Gold, Steve|9781523999972\\n2019|Independently published|\"Arduino Programming: This book Includes: The Ultimate Beginner’s And Intermediate’s Guide To Learn Arduino In One Day Step-By-Step (#2020 Updated Version | Effective Computer Programming Languages)\"|Tudor, Steve|9781675577493\\n2019-11-13T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Arduino Programming: The Ultimate Guide for Absolute Beginners with Steps to Learn Arduino Programming and The Fundamental Electronic Concepts|Géron, Daniel Géron|9781708010058\\n2021|Springer|Physics Experiments with Arduino and Smartphones (Undergraduate Texts in Physics)|Organtini, Giovanni|9783030651404\\n2013|Apress|Arduino Adventures: Escape from Gemini Station|Kelly, James Floyd and Harold Timmis|9781430246060\\n2013|Packt Publishing|Raspberry Pi Home Automation with Arduino|K. Dennis, Andrew|9781849695862\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Building a Home Security System with Arduino|Castro, Jorge R.|9781785280603\\n2018-02-13T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Arduino: The ultimate Arduino guide for beginners, including Arduino programming, Arduino cookbook, tips, tricks, and more!|Newport, Craig|9781985354203\\n2019|MicroDigitalEd|Arduino Programming From Beginning to Advanced|Mazidi, Muhammad Ali and Chen, Shujen and Ghaemi, Eshragh|9781970054200\\n2019|Bentham Science Publishers|Arduino and Scilab based Projects|Gehlot, Anita and Singh, Rajesh and Singh, Bhupendra|9789811410918\\n2021|Apress|Programming Arduino Projects with the PIC Microcontroller: A Line-by-Line Code Analysis and Complete Reference Guide for Embedded Programming in C|Ward, Hubert Henry|9781484272329\\n2013|Apress|Arduino Adventures: Escape from Gemini Station|Floyd Kelly, James and Timmis, Harold|9781430246053\\n2020|Blue Chip Publishing|Arduino Programming|Hamilton, Jason|9781922482211\\n2016|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Programming the Intel Galileo: Getting Started with the Arduino -Compatible Development Board|Rush, Christopher|9781259644801\\n2019|Independently published|\"Arduino Programming: The Practical Beginner's Guide To Learn Arduino Programming In One Day Step-By-Step. (#2020 Updated Version | Effective Computer Languages)\"|Tudor, Steve|9781672188036\\n2018-09-08T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Arduino: 19 Sample Designs, Coding, and Advanced Crash Course Guide in Arduino Programming|Webber, Zach|9781720160786\\n2019|CRC Press|Internet of Things with Raspberry Pi and Arduino|Singh, Rajesh and Gehlot, Anita and Gupta, Lovi Raj and Singh, Bhupendra and Swain, Mahendra|9781000726787\\n2019-09-25T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Arduino Programming: The Ultimate Beginner's Guide to Learn 10 Arduino Projects with Sensors|Munusami, Sivakumar|9781695475014\\n2016|Packt Publishing|Arduino BLINK Blueprints|Shah, Samarth and Shah, Utsav|9781785285868\\n2020|Ingram Publishing|Arduino: The complete guide to Arduino for beginners, including projects, tips, tricks, and programming!|Arthur, James|9781761032806\\n2016|McGraw-Hill Education TAB|Programming the Intel Galileo: Getting Started with the Arduino -Compatible Development Board|Rush, Christopher|9781259644795\\n2020|Ingram Publishing|Arduino: The ultimate Arduino guide for beginners, including Arduino programming, Arduino cookbook, tips, tricks, and more!|Newport, Craig|9781761032684\\n2019|Independently published|Arduino Robotics: Design and Programming|david kon, john and david kon, john|9781089431732\\n2015-07-31T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Arduino: Arduino User Guide for Operating system, Programming, Projects and More! (raspberry pi 2, xml, c++, ruby, html, projects, php, programming, ... php, sql, Mainframes, Minicomputer)|Scott, Robert|9781515307532\\n2020-01-02T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Arduino Programming: A Step by Step Guide to Learn Arduino Programming For Absolute Beginners|Trinity, Lilly|9781654490676\\n2019|Ingram Publishing|Arduino: The ultimate Arduino guide for beginners, including Arduino programming, Arduino cookbook, tips, tricks, and more!|Newport, Craig|9781925989816\\n2013|AuthorHouseUK|C Programming For the PC the MAC and the Arduino Microcontroller System|Minns, Peter D.|9781491880500\\n2020|Focal Press|Learn Audio Electronics with Arduino: Practical Audio Circuits with Arduino Control|Cullen, Charlie|9780367186647\\n2017|ISBN Canada|Bluetooth Low Energy in Arduino 101: Your Guide to Programming the Internet of Things|Gaitatzis, Anthony|9781775128069\\n2019|Independently published|Arduino Programming (3 books in 1): For Beginners + Intermediate + Advanced|Parsons, Wally|9781675868898\\n2021|Apress|Programming Arduino Projects with the PIC Microcontroller: A Line-by-Line Code Analysis and Complete Reference Guide for Embedded Programming in C|Ward, Hubert Henry|9781484272299\\n2019-06-14T00:00:01Z|MicroDigitalEd.com|TI ARM Microcontroller Programming with Energia: Going from Arduino to ARM: Using TI ARM Launchpad|Mazidi, Muhammad Ali and Chen, Shujen and Ghaemi, Eshragh|9781970054217\\n2019|Ingram Publishing|Arduino: The complete guide to Arduino for beginners, including projects, tips, tricks, and programming!|Arthur, James|9781925989700\\n2012|Apress|Practical AVR Microcontrollers: Games, Gadgets, and Home Automation with the Microcontroller Used in the Arduino (Technology in Action)|Trevennor, Alan|9781430244462\\n2017-08-24T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Arduino: Simple and Effective Strategies to Learn Arduino Programming (Volume 3)|Jones, Mr Daniel|9781975777623\\n2015|LAP Lambert Academic Publishing|Design of a Arduino Processor Based Bi-Servo Robotic Walker|Chowdhury Dibyendu and Roy Avisankar and Das Avishek|9783659684487\\n2018|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Arduino: 2 Books in 1: The Comprehensive Beginner's Guide to Take Control of Arduino Programming & Best Practices to Excel While Learning Arduino Programming|Price, Miles|9781719310819\\n2018|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Hacking: 3 Books in 1: The Beginner's Complete Guide to Computer Hacking and Penetration Testing & The Complete Beginner's Guide to Learning Ethical ... Guide to Take Control of Arduino Programming|Price, Miles|9781719312318\\n2014|Cherry Lake Publishing|Arduino|Terence O'Neill|9781624312038\\n2019||Arduino Projects|Sivakumar Munusami|9781697408362\\n20120913|Springer Nature|Arduino Wearables|Tony Olsson|9781430243601\\n2020|Blue Chip Publishing|Arduino Programming|Hamilton, Jason|9781922482228\\n2013|Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John|Exploring Arduino|Jeremy Blum|9781118786161\\n2019||Arduino Basics|Moaml Mohmmed|9781082120145\\n2021-01-28T00:00:01Z|Amplitudo Ltd|Arduino: The Arduino Book is the Ultimate Guide to Learn And Understand Arduino Programming, Ideal For Arduino Beginners.|Myers, Eric|9781801144834\\n2018|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Arduino: The Complete Beginner's Guide To Programming Arduino|Berke and Bruce|9781718903371\\n2015|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Arduino Meets Linux|Bob Hammell|9781514230220\\n2018||Esp8266 Arduino Tutorial|Sha Ga|9781983286698\\n2022|Zoe Lawson|Arduino: Getting Started With Arduino and Basic Programming With Projects (Advanced Methods to Learn Arduino Programming)|Leclerc, Ernest|9781774854891\\n2019||The Basics Of Arduino|Moaml Mohmmed|9781070857244\\n2014|Rosen Reference|Getting To Know Arduino|Heather Moore Niver|9781477775028\\n2022|Elektor|C Programming with Arduino|Warwick A. Smith|9781907920462\\n2020|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|Scratch Arduino: Basics Book for Learning programming Arduino by Scratch Language|A.Saeed, Elaf|9786202683333\\n2021|Independently published|ESP8266 Programming Tutorial: Programming With Arduino: Esp-01 Programming With Arduino Ide|Toolan, Barton|9798746226273\\n2021|CRC Press|Programming and Interfacing with Arduino|Misra, Yogesh|9781032059853\\n2021|CRC Press|Programming and Interfacing with Arduino|Misra, Yogesh|9781032063164\\n2019|Lulu Press, Inc|Arduino Programming Simply In Depth|Ajit Singh|9780359984923\\n||Arduino Programming: The Ultimate Guide For Making The Best Of Your Arduino Programming Projects||9781801114042\\n2020-10-17T00:00:01Z|New Begin Ltd|Arduino Programming: The Ultimate Guide For Making the Best of Your Arduino Programming Projects|Parker, Damon|9781801128001\\n2013-02-05|Packt Publishing|Raspberry Pi Home Automation with Arduino|Andrew K. Dennis|9781849695879\\n2015|Mcgraw-hill Education Tab|Led Wizardry With Propeller Quickstart And Arduino|Thomas Talbot|9780071839525\\n2019|Scholars' Press|A Guide to Lab view Interfaced Arduino Projects|Kumar, Pardeep and Kaur Channi, Harpreet and Kundu, Mousumi|9786138913238\\n2021|Crc Press|Internet Of Things With Raspberry Pi And Arduino|Rajesh Singh and Taylor & Francis Group and Anita Gehlot and Lovi Raj Gupta and Bhupendra Singh and Mahendra Swain|9781032085982\\n2018||Esp8266 Nodemcu Using Arduino Ide (internet Of Things)|Jacob Kale|9781982985189\\n2021-01-19T00:00:01Z|Tiger Gain Ltd|Arduino Programming: The Ultimate Guide for Absolute Beginners with Steps to Learn Arduino Programming and The Fundamental Electronic Concepts|Géron, Daniel|9781914306709\\n2021-01-12T00:00:01Z|Tiger Gain Ltd|Arduino Programming: The Ultimate Guide for Absolute Beginners with Steps to Learn Arduino Programming and The Fundamental Electronic Concepts|Géron, Daniel|9781914306198\\n2021|Tiger Gain Ltd|Arduino Programming: The Ultimate Guide for Absolute Beginners with Steps to Learn Arduino Programming and The Fundamental Electronic Concepts||9781801943550\\n2019|Independently published|\"Arduino Programming: The Practical Intermediate's Guide To Learn Arduino Programming In One Day Step-By-Step (#2020 Updated Version | Effective Computer Languages)\"|Tudor, Steve|9781672192484\\n2020|Ep Enterprise Holding Limited|Arduino Programming: The Ultimate Beginner's And Intermediate's Guide To Learn Arduino In One Day Step-By-Step (#2020 Updated Version - Effective Computer Programming Languages)|Tudor, Steve|9781914088506\\n2020|New Begin Ltd|Computer Programming: This Book Includes: Learn Python + SQL Programming + Arduino Programming|Parker, Damon|9781801235563\\n2011|Make Community, LLC|Beginning AVR Programming: Learn the microcontroller that's the heart of Arduino|Trevennor, Alan|9781449307684\\n2021-01-12T00:00:01Z|Tiger Gain Ltd|Computer Programming for Beginners: This Book Includes: SQL, C++, C#, Arduino Programming|Géron, Daniel|9781914306204\\n2021|Tiger Gain Ltd|Computer Programming for Beginners: This Book Includes: SQL, C++, C#, Arduino Programming|Géron, Daniel|9781914306716\\n2016-12-01T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Arduino Programming for Beginners in Projects and Examples: How to Get Started|Sharp, Max|9781540636898\\n|Daniel Geron|Computer Programming for Beginners: This Book Includes: SQL, C++, C#, Arduino Programming||9781801944083\\n2021|Computer DM-Academy|Arduino for Beginners: Learn how to Create Interactive Electronic Objects, Setting up Your Board, Discover How Coding Works, Create Your Circuit Plus All the Essentials of Arduino Programming||9781801875400\\n2019|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|Arduino Based 2-D Robotic Plotter: A Guide to Design: 2 D plotter|Patil, Sheetal N. and Patil, Prashant|9786139452620\\n2020|Apress|IoT Machine Learning Applications in Telecom, Energy, and Agriculture: With Raspberry Pi and Arduino Using Python|Mathur, Puneet|9781484255490\\n2018|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Arduino|Zach Webber|9781987665819\\n2016|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Programming Arduino|Upskill Learning|9781540314086\\n2015-01-05|Wiley Professional Development (P&T)|Arduino Sketches: Tools and Techniques for Programming Wizardry|James A. Langbridge|9781118919620\\n2015|O'Reilly Media, Incorporated|Arduino Cookbook|Michael Margolis|9781449371968\\n20181226|Springer Nature|Arduino Applied|Neil Cameron|9781484239605\\n20210309|Springer Nature|Arduino III|Steven F. Barrett|9783031799235\\n20110324|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Arduino Cookbook|Michael Margolis|9781449305611\\n20200417|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Arduino Cookbook|Michael Margolis; Brian Jepson; Nicholas Robert Weldin|9781491903483\\n2019|John Wiley & Sons|Exploring Arduino|Jeremy Blum|9781119405351\\n2020|O'reilly Media|Arduino Cookbook|Michael Margolis and Brian Jepson and Nicholas Robert Weldin|9781491903506\\n20200804|Springer Nature|Arduino II|Steven F. Barrett|9783031799198\\n20200804|Morgan & Claypool Publishers|Arduino II|Steven F. Barrett|9781681738994\\n20210310|Morgan & Claypool Publishers|Arduino III|Steven F. Barrett|9781636390840\\n20140821|Packt Publishing|Arduino Networking|Marco Schwartz|9781783986873\\n20150224|Packt Publishing|Arduino Essentials|Francis Perea|9781784395865\\n2018||Practical Arduino Projects|Michael Klements|9781980308171\\n2011|Lulu.com|Arduino Programming Notebook|Brian W. Evans|9781257126064\\n20170207|Springer Nature|Building Arduino PLCs|Pradeeka Seneviratne|9781484226322\\n2018-04-30|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Arduino: Best Practices To Excel While Learning Arduino Programming|Miles Price|9781717393821\\n2016|Oxford University Press|Arduino For Musicians|Brent Edstrom|9780199309337\\n20130529|Simon & Schuster|Arduino in Action|Jordan Hochenbaum; Joshua Noble; Martin Evans|9781638353911\\n2015-04-27|Wiley Professional Development (P&T)|Adventures in Arduino|Becky Stewart|9781118948460\\n20150914|Packt Publishing|Arduino by Example|Adith Jagadish Boloor|9781785287114\\n20211007|Springer Nature|Arduino in Science|Richard J. Smythe|9781484267783\\n20160325|Oxford University Press Academic US|Arduino for Musicians|Brent Edstrom|9780190460044\\n20160704|Springer Nature|Junk Box Arduino|James R. Strickland|9781484214251\\n04/2013|Wiley Professional Development (P&T)|Arduino For Dummies|Nussey, John|9781118446423\\n2013-04-29|Wiley|Arduino For Dummies|John Nussey|9781118446430\\n20140814|Packt Publishing|Arduino Robotic Projects|Richard Grimmett|9781783989836\\n20141222|Packt Publishing|Arduino Android Blueprints|Marco Schwartz; Stefan Buttigieg|9781784391683\\n20170912|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learn Electronics with Arduino|Jody Culkin; Eric Hagan|9781680453713\\n2017|Maker Media, Inc.|Learn Electronics With Arduino|Jody Culkin and Eric Hagan|9781680453737\\n|Packt Pub.|C Programming For Arduino|Bayle, Julien.|9781849517584\\n2016|Apress|Arduino + Visual Basic 6.0|Ujash G. Patel|9781484218440\\n2020-06-11|Elektor International Media|C Programming with  Arduino|Warwick A. Smith|9783895763526\\n2022-04-23|3DTech|Arduino Step by Step|M.Eng. Johannes Wild|9783949804793\\n20140723|Packt Publishing|Arduino Home Automation Projects|Marco Schwartz|9781783986071\\n20200326|Taylor & Francis|Learn Audio Electronics with Arduino|Charlie Cullen|9780429588884\\n20140715|Rosen Publishing|Getting to Know Arduino|Heather Moore Niver|9781477775004\\n20120126|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Environmental Monitoring with Arduino|Emily Gertz; Patrick Di Justo|9781449328610\\n20150227|Packt Publishing|Python Programming for Arduino|Pratik Desai|9781783285945\\n2019-12-26|Independently Published|Arduino Developer's Notebook: Dotted Grid Pages Customized For Arduino Programmers And Developers, Notebook For Arduino Programming, Arduino Notebook, Include Numbered Pages (150 Pages, 6 X9 Inches)|Red Factory|9781651074701\\n20170515|Random House Publishing Services|The Arduino Inventor's Guide|Brian Huang; Derek Runberg|9781593278397\\n20130517|Packt Publishing|C Programming for Arduino|Julien Bayle|9781849517591\\n20120126|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Environmental Monitoring with Arduino|Emily Gertz; Patrick Di Justo|9781449328948\\n24-03-2017|Packt Publishing|Learning C for Arduino|Syed Omar Faruk Towaha|9781787123571\\n2010|Morgan & Claypool Publishers|Arduino Microcontroller Processing For Everyone|Steven Barrett|9781608454389\\n2019|Independently Published|Arduino For Beginners: A Step By Step Ultimate Guide To Learn Arduino Programming|Mark Arthur|9781709004612\\n2021|Taylor & Francis Group|Programming And Interfacing With Arduino|Yogesh Misra|9781003201700\\n2019-12-05|Nelly B.l. International Consulting Ltd.|Arduino Programming: The Ultimate Intermediate Guide To Learn Arduino Programming Step By Step|Ryan Turner|9781647710132\\n2019|Independently Published|Arduino Programming: A Comprehensive Beginner's Guide To Learn Arduino Programming From A-z|Alexander Bold|9781701328457\\n20110913|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|iOS Sensor Apps with Arduino|Alasdair  Allan|9781449317157\\n20110317|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Make: Arduino Bots and Gadgets|Tero Karvinen; Kimmo Karvinen|9781449307233\\n20110317|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Make: Arduino Bots and Gadgets|Tero Karvinen; Kimmo Karvinen|9781449307318\\n20121127|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Make: Lego and Arduino Projects|John Baichtal; Matthew Beckler; Adam Wolf|9781449324933\\n2019-03-05|Bentham Science Publishers|Arduino and Scilab based Projects|Rajesh Singh and Anita Gehlot and Bhupendra Singh|9789811410925\\n20110913|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|iOS Sensor Apps with Arduino|Alasdair  Allan|9781449317546\\n20121127|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Make: Lego and Arduino Projects|John Baichtal; Matthew Beckler; Adam Wolf|9781449324940\\n20210906|Taylor & Francis|Programming and Interfacing with Arduino|Yogesh Misra|9781000431698\\n2016||Embedded Controllers Using C And Arduino|James Fiore|9781796836226\\n2016-11-21|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|A Complete Programming guide implementing technical designs - Arduino|V.S Prasanth and A. Parveen|9783330011069\\n20141114|Emereo|Arduino 144 Success Secrets - 144 Most Asked Questions On Arduino - What You Need To Know|Johnny Mendez|9781488819124\\n2012-12-16|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Arduino 101: A Beginner's Guide To Programming|William Smith|9781480146044\\n|John Wiley & Sons, Inc.|Professional Android Open Accessory Programming With Arduino|Göransson, Andreas.|9781118454770\\n2017|Independently Published|Learn Arduino Programming Using 37 Sensors For Beginners: Practical Way To Learn Arduino For The Year 2017|Jennifer Williams|9781521566763\\n20210303|Springer Nature|Beginning Robotics with Raspberry Pi and Arduino|Jeff Cicolani|9781484268919\\n20210930|Springer Nature|Programming Arduino Projects with the PIC Microcontroller|Hubert Henry Ward|9781484272305\\n2017-12-05|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|Basics of Arduino Uno Programming for Beginners|Abrham Mengistu and Dagnachew Melesew|9786202094566\\n2014-05-21|Packt Publishing|Internet of Things with the Arduino Yun|Marco Schwartz|9781783288014\\n20150901|Packt Publishing|Building a Home Security System with Arduino|Jorge R. Castro|9781785283802\\n2019|Crc Press|Internet Of Things With Raspberry Pi And Arduino|Anita Gehlot|9780429284564\\n2018|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Ti Arm Programming For Arduino Programmers Using Energia|Muhammad Ali Mazidi and Shujen Chen and Eshragh Ghaemi|9781720390237\\n2021|Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John|Microcontroller Prototypes With Arduino And A 3d Printer|Dimosthenis E. Bolanakis|9781119782674\\n20191118|Taylor & Francis|Internet of Things with Raspberry Pi and Arduino|Rajesh Singh; Anita Gehlot; Lovi Raj Gupta; Bhupendra Singh; Mahendra Swain|9781000727029\\n2021-04-09|Wiley|Microcontroller Prototypes with Arduino and a 3D Printer|Dimosthenis E. Bolanakis|9781119782681\\n2018|Independently Published|Arduino Programming For Beginners: Getting Started With Sketches Guide|Simone Bales|9781729108970\\n2019|Vidstrom Labs|The Vidstrom Labs Guide To Arduino Assembly Language Programming|Arne Vidstrom|9789198566109\\n04/2015|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Faszinierende Elektronik-Projekte mit Scratch, Arduino und Raspberry Pi|Bartmann, Erik|9783958750326\\n08/2012|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Das intelligente Haus – Heimautomation mit Arduino und Android und PC|Riley, Mike|9783868993646\\n08/2012|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Das intelligente Haus – Heimautomation mit Arduino und Android und PC|Riley, Mike|9783955610050\\n20171123|McGraw-Hill Professional|Arduino and Raspberry Pi Sensor Projects for the Evil Genius|Robert Chin|9781260010909",
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    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2015|Smart drip irrigation system using raspberry pi and arduino|10.1109/CCAA.2015.7148526|125|3|N. Agrawal and Smita Singhal|764fb4d5d79641193570ca843589149f3f2dfde5\\n2016|Sensing heart beat and body temperature digitally using Arduino|10.1109/SCOPES.2016.7955737|37|3|Salomi S. Thomas and Amar Saraswat and Anurag Shashwat and Vishal Bharti|3730e4fa848ea6c6e3c9e9121be351d3f64c5805\\n2016|Juniper: a functional reactive programming language for the Arduino|10.1145/2975980.2975982|26|1|Caleb Helbling and Samuel Z. Guyer|4823a13fb9060fb8614141ac492fe3cbf704f4a2\\n2016|Haskino: A Remote Monad for Programming the Arduino|10.1007/978-3-319-28228-2_10|14|2|Mark Grebe and Andy Gill|45db20fdde1f12a7b43744793fbae46aaf2bcc55\\n2019|PyBoKids: An Innovative Python-Based Educational Framework Using Real and Simulated Arduino Robots|10.3390/ELECTRONICS8080899|13|0|J. Vega and J. Cañas|af02c074aaa97c01f42d6e40c43ae08ac877a4d4\\n2021|Light Control Using Human Body Temperature Based on Arduino Uno and PIR (Passive Infrared Receiver) Sensor|10.18196/jrc.2497|9|0|Reza Perkasa and Refni Wahyuni and Rika Melyanti and H. Herianto and Yuda Irawan|3d4e107dc810feb462ae19321db73584322abb43\\n2017|Arduviz, a visual programming IDE for arduino|10.1109/ICODSE.2017.8285871|9|0|Adin Baskoro Pratomo and Riza Satria Perdana|a2d83c85397baa058b6a5a60d18beacd62c25cd8\\n2011|Concurrent Event-driven Programming in occam-π for the Arduino|10.3233/978-1-60750-774-1-177|6|1|C. Jacobsen and M. Jadud and Omer Kilic and A. Sampson|092209255dbb9239484b4d223ec20c3d3622f801\\n2019|Declarative Programming for Microcontrollers - Datalog on Arduino|10.1007/978-3-030-46714-2_9|6|0|Mario Wenzel and Stefan Brass|146aa8fd69bdcc9cbb970cc2d2b638196930b333\\n2019|An Arduino board with ultrasonic sensor investigation of simple harmonic motion|10.1088/1742-6596/1380/1/012098|5|0|A. Buachoom and A. 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    "country": "Various",
    "subreddit": "https://www.reddit.com/r/jquery/",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/jquery",
    "wikipedia_example": "$.ajax({   type: 'POST',   url: '/process/submit.php',   data: {     name : 'John',     location : 'Boston',   }, }).done(function(msg) {   alert('Data Saved: ' + msg); }).fail(function(xmlHttpRequest, statusText, errorThrown) {   alert(     'Your form submission failed.\\n\\n'       + 'XML Http Request: ' + JSON.stringify(xmlHttpRequest)       + ',\\nStatus Text: ' + statusText       + ',\\nError Thrown: ' + errorThrown); });",
    "gource": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xDfdTOgQsHo",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/jquery/jquery",
    "meetup": "https://www.meetup.com/topics/jquery",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JQuery",
    "bookCount": 2,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "jquery.com",
    "indeedJobs": "jquery developer",
    "linkedInSkill": "jquery",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\njQuery Cookbook: Solutions & Examples for jQuery Developers|2009|Cody Lindley|7365956|3.89|250|19\\njQuery for Dummies|2010|Lynn Beighley|7417454|3.97|36|1"
  },
  {
    "id": "starlark",
    "name": "starlark",
    "appeared": 2018,
    "creators": "Laurent Le Brun",
    "measurements": 25,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 22,
    "rank": 122,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "writtenInCount": 5,
    "pldbScore": 24657,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 22,
    "inboundLinks": "asterius-compiler bazel capn-proto carbon cir claro cloc closure-templates codeql flatbuffers jflex jsonnet kubernetes mongodb nodejs pcre pytorch tensorflow v8 wiredtiger xla yara",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/bazelbuild/starlark",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 562,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 1141,
    "githubLanguage_filenames": "BUCK BUILD BUILD.bazel Tiltfile WORKSPACE",
    "githubLanguage_repos": 3423,
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "bazel or bzl",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "python",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "python",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-python",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.python",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2018,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2018,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 58,
    "githubRepo_forks": 158,
    "githubRepo_stars": 2392,
    "githubRepo_issues": 87,
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "s/Starlark.star",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2018,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 121,
    "repoStats_committers": 31,
    "repoStats_files": 62,
    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 6190,
    "description": "The language used in Bazel. Starlark is designed to be small, simple, and thread-safe. Although it is inspired from Python, it is not a general-purpose language and most Python features are not included. Starlark is syntactically a subset of Python 3",
    "githubRepo_description": "The language used in Bazel. Starlark is designed to be small, simple, and thread-safe. Although it is inspired from Python, it is not a general-purpose language and most Python features are not included. Starlark is syntactically a subset of Python 3",
    "lab": "https://github.com/bazelbuild",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The language used in Bazel. Starlark is designed to be small, simple, and thread-safe. Although it is inspired from Python, it is not a general-purpose language and most Python features are not included. Starlark is syntactically a subset of Python 3",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "bzl star",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "star",
    "writtenIn": "markdown python bazel yaml bourne-shell",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2898,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 35,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "clocExtensions": "bazel bzl",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://bazel.build/contribute/policy",
    "example": "# Define a number number = 18  # Define a dictionary people = {     \"Alice\": 22,     \"Bob\": 40,     \"Charlie\": 55,     \"Dave\": 14, }  names = \", \".join(people.keys())  # Alice, Bob, Charlie, Dave  # Define a function def greet(name):   \"\"\"Return a greeting.\"\"\"   return \"Hello {}!\".format(name)  greeting = greet(names)  above30 = [name for name, age in people.items() if age >= 30]  print(\"{} people are above 30.\".format(len(above30)))  def fizz_buzz(n):     \"\"\"Print Fizz Buzz numbers from 1 to n.\"\"\"     for i in range(1, n + 1):         s = \"\"         if i % 3 == 0:             s += \"Fizz\"         if i % 5 == 0:             s += \"Buzz\"         print(s if s else i)  fizz_buzz(20)",
    "leachim6_example": "print(\"Hello World\") ",
    "leachim6": "Starlark",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/bazelbuild/starlark",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "printToken": "print",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "Starlark",
    "githubLanguage": "Starlark"
  },
  {
    "id": "mediawiki",
    "name": "MediaWiki",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 27,
    "tags": "wikiMarkup",
    "website": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki#Markup",
    "spec": "https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Specs/wikitext/1.0.0",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 123,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 24647,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 2,
    "inboundLinks": "texti wikitax",
    "primaryTag": "wikiMarkup",
    "githubLanguage_repos": 10,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 70,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2006,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 2,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 8,
    "aka": "wiki markup",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2002,
    "wikipedia_related": "php linux freebsd solaris wordpress perl mysql rails javascript html python xml json latex ocaml jquery lua mariadb postgresql sqlite",
    "wikipedia_summary": "MediaWiki is a free and open-source wiki software. Originally developed by Magnus Manske and improved by Lee Daniel Crocker, it runs on many websites, including Wikipedia, Wiktionary and Wikimedia Commons. It is written in the PHP programming language and stores the contents into a database. Like WordPress, which is based on a similar licensing and architecture, it has become the dominant software in its category. The first version of the software was deployed to serve the needs of the Wikipedia encyclopedia in 2002. Wikipedia and other Wikimedia Foundation projects continue to define a large part of the requirement set for MediaWiki. The software is optimized to efficiently handle large projects, which can have terabytes of content and hundreds of thousands of hits per second. Because Wikipedia is one of the world's largest websites, achieving scalability through multiple layers of caching and database replication has been a major concern for developers. The software has more than 900 configuration settings and more than 1,900 extensions available for enabling various features to be added or changed. On Wikipedia alone, more than 1000 automated and semi-automated bots and other tools have been developed to assist in editing. It has also been deployed by some companies as an internal knowledge management system, and some educators have assigned students to use MediaWiki for collaborative group projects.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 610,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6149,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 2948,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 323710,
    "description": "The syntax and keywords used by the MediaWiki software to format a page.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The syntax and keywords used by the MediaWiki software to format a page.",
    "lab": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The syntax and keywords used by the MediaWiki software to format a page.",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "mediawiki wiki",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 7133,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 69,
    "expandedMeasurements": 27,
    "docs": "https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Documentation https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Wikitext",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 9998,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://doc.wikimedia.org/mediawiki-core/master/php/classParser.html",
    "example": "= Heading 1 = Indentation as used on talk pages: :Each colon at the start of a line ::causes the line to be indented by three more character positions. :::(The indentation persists * Item1 * Item2 * Item3 * Item4 ** Sub-item 4 a) *** Sub-item 4 a) 1. **** Sub-item 4 a) 1. i) **** Sub-item 4 a) 1. ii) ** Sub-item 4 b) === Ordered Lists === * Item5 # Item1 # Item2 # Item3 # Item4 ## Sub-item 1 ### Sub-sub-item #### Sub-sub-sub-item ## Sub-item 2 # Item5",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": " = Overview =  The GDB Tracepoint Analysis feature is an extension to the Tracing and Monitoring Framework that allows the visualization and analysis of C/C++ tracepoint data collected by GDB and stored to a log file.  = Getting Started =  The feature can be installed from the Eclipse update site by selecting '''Linux Tools''' > '''GDB Tracepoint Analysis'''.  The feature requires GDB version 7.2 or later to be installed on the local host. The executable program 'gdb' must be found in the path.  = GDB Trace Perspective =  To open the perspective, select '''Window''' > '''Open Perspective''' > '''Other...''' > '''GDB Trace'''.  The perspective includes the following views by default:  * '''Project Explorer''': This view shows the projects in the workspace and is used to create and manage Tracing projects. * '''Debug''': This view shows the running C/C++ Postmortem Debugger instances and displays the thread and stack trace associated with a tracepoint. * '''Trace Control''': This view shows the status of the debugger and allows navigation of trace records. * '''Console''': This view displays console output of the C/C++ Postmortem Debugger.  The editor area contains the '''Events''' and '''C/C++''' editors when a GDB Trace is opened.  [[Image:images/GDBTracePerspective.png]]  = Collecting Tracepoint Data =  Collecting the C/C++ tracepoint data is outside the scope of this feature. It can be done from the GDB command line or by using the CDT debug component within Eclipse. See the CDT FAQ entry in the [[#References | References]] section.  = Importing Tracepoint Data =  Some information in this section is redundant with the LTTng User Guide. For further details, see the LTTng User Guide entry in the [[#References | References]] section.  == Creating a Tracing Project ==  In the '''Project Explorer''' view, right-click and select '''New''' > '''Project...''' from the context menu. In the '''New Project''' dialog, select '''Tracing''' > '''Tracing Project''', click '''Next''', name your project and click '''Finish'''.  == Importing a GDB Trace ==  In your tracing project, right-click on the '''Traces''' folder and select '''Import...'''. Browse to, or enter, a source directory. Select the trace file in the tree. Optionally set the trace type to '''GDB : GDB Trace'''. Click '''Finish'''.  Alternatively, the trace can be drag & dropped to the '''Traces''' folder from any external file manager.  == Selecting the GDB Trace Type ==  Right-click the imported trace in the '''Traces''' folder and choose '''Select Trace Type...''' > '''GDB''' > '''GDB Trace''' from the context menu. This step can be omitted if the trace type was selected at import.  The trace will be updated with the GDB icon [[Image:images/gdb_icon16.png]].  == Selecting the Trace Executable ==  The executable file that created the tracepoint data must be identified so that the C/C++ Postmortem Debugger can be launched properly.  Right-click the GDB trace in the '''Traces''' folder and choose '''Select Trace Executable...''' from the context menu. Browse to, or enter, the path of the executable file and press '''OK'''.  The selected file must be recognized by GDB as an executable.  = Visualizing Tracepoint Data =  == Opening a GDB Trace ==  In the '''Traces''' folder, double-click the GDB trace or right-click it and select '''Open''' from the context menu.  The tracepoint data will be opened in an Events editor, and a C/C++ Postmortem Debugger instance will be launched.  If available in the workspace, the source code corresponding to the first trace record will also be opened in a C/C++ editor.  At this point it is recommended to relocate the Events editor outside of the default editor area, so that it is not hidden by the C/C++ editor.  == Viewing Trace Data ==  In the Events editor, a table is shown with one row for each trace record. The '''Trace Frame''' column shows the sequential trace record number. The '''Tracepoint''' column shows the number assigned by GDB at collection time for this tracepoint. The '''File''' column shows the file name, line number and method where the tracepoint was set. The '''Content''' column shows the data collected at run-time by the tracepoint.  Searching and filtering can be done on any column by entering a regular expression in the column header.  == Navigating the GDB Trace ==  Trace records can be selected in the Events editor using the keyboard or mouse. The C/C++ Postmortem Debugger in the '''Debug''' view will be updated to show the stack trace of the current trace record.  The trace can also be navigated from the '''Trace Control''' view by clicking the '''Next Trace Record''' or '''Previous Trace Record''' buttons. The Events editor and '''Debug''' views will be updated.  = References =  * [http://wiki.eclipse.org/index.php/Linux_Tools_Project/LTTng2/User_Guide LTTng User Guide] * [http://wiki.eclipse.org/CDT/User/FAQ#How_can_I_trace_my_application_using_C.2FC.2B.2B_Tracepoints.3F CDT FAQ - How can I trace my application using C/C++ Tracepoints?]  = Updating This Document =  This document is maintained in a collaborative wiki.  If you wish to update or modify this document please visit [http://wiki.eclipse.org/index.php/Linux_Tools_Project/GDB_Tracepoint_Analysis/User_Guide http://wiki.eclipse.org/Linux_Tools_Project/GDB_Tracepoint_Analysis/User_Guide] ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/mediawiki",
    "rijuRepl_example": "Hello, world! ",
    "wikipedia_example": "<h4><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"A_dialogue\">A dialogue</span></h4>  <p>\"Take some more <a href=\"/wiki/Tea\" title=\"Tea\">tea</a>,\" the March Hare said to Alice, very earnestly.</p>  <p>\"I've had nothing yet,\" Alice replied in an offended tone: \"so I can't take more.\"</p>  <p>\"You mean you can't take <i>less</i>,\" said the Hatter: \"it's <b>very</b> easy to take <i>more</i> than nothing.\"</p>",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki",
    "bookCount": 2,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/mediawiki.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n20081014|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|MediaWiki|Daniel J. Barrett|9780596554149\\n20081014|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|MediaWiki|Daniel J. Barrett|9780596156541",
    "githubLanguage": "MediaWiki",
    "indeedJobs": "mediawiki developer",
    "linkedInSkill": "mediawiki"
  },
  {
    "id": "redis",
    "name": "Redis",
    "appeared": 2009,
    "creators": "Salvatore Sanfilippo",
    "measurements": 26,
    "tags": "application",
    "website": "https://redis.io/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "7.2.5",
    "rank": 124,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 20,
    "pldbScore": 24642,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/antirez/redis",
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "githubRepo_created": 2009,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2009,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 2545,
    "githubRepo_forks": 23614,
    "githubRepo_stars": 65816,
    "githubRepo_issues": 2511,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2009,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 19416,
    "repoStats_committers": 913,
    "repoStats_files": 1638,
    "repoStats_mb": 143,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 475085,
    "domainName_registered": 2010,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2009,
    "wikipedia_related": "actionscript c csharp clojure common-lisp d dart erlang go haskell haxe io java julia lua objective-c ocaml perl php puredata python r racket ruby rust scala smalltalk tcl aws azure",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Redis is an open-source in-memory database project implementing a distributed, in-memory key-value store with optional durability. Redis supports different kinds of abstract data structures, such as strings, lists, maps, sets, sorted sets, hyperloglogs, bitmaps and spatial indexes. The project is mainly developed by Salvatore Sanfilippo and is currently sponsored by Redis Labs. Redis Labs creates and maintains the official Redis Enterprise Pack.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 707,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 140,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 577,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 24956915,
    "lab": "Redis Ltd",
    "writtenIn": "c json tcl bourne-shell markdown lua yaml make ruby xml python cpp html cmake m4 css bash javascript xslt svg",
    "leetSheets": "https://cheatsheets.zip/redis",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 200227,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 591,
    "expandedMeasurements": 243,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 7,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/redis",
    "monaco": "redis",
    "country": "United States",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/redis",
    "rijuRepl_example": "ECHO \"Hello, world!\" ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/redisfeed",
    "leachim6": "Redis",
    "keywords": "APPEND AUTH BGREWRITEAOF BGSAVE BITCOUNT BITFIELD BITOP BITPOS BLPOP BRPOP BRPOPLPUSH CLIENT KILL LIST GETNAME PAUSE REPLY SETNAME CLUSTER ADDSLOTS COUNT-FAILURE-REPORTS COUNTKEYSINSLOT DELSLOTS FAILOVER FORGET GETKEYSINSLOT INFO KEYSLOT MEET NODES REPLICATE RESET SAVECONFIG SET-CONFIG-EPOCH SETSLOT SLAVES SLOTS COMMAND COUNT GETKEYS CONFIG GET REWRITE SET RESETSTAT DBSIZE DEBUG OBJECT SEGFAULT DECR DECRBY DEL DISCARD DUMP ECHO EVAL EVALSHA EXEC EXISTS EXPIRE EXPIREAT FLUSHALL FLUSHDB GEOADD GEOHASH GEOPOS GEODIST GEORADIUS GEORADIUSBYMEMBER GETBIT GETRANGE GETSET HDEL HEXISTS HGET HGETALL HINCRBY HINCRBYFLOAT HKEYS HLEN HMGET HMSET HSET HSETNX HSTRLEN HVALS INCR INCRBY INCRBYFLOAT KEYS LASTSAVE LINDEX LINSERT LLEN LPOP LPUSH LPUSHX LRANGE LREM LSET LTRIM MGET MIGRATE MONITOR MOVE MSET MSETNX MULTI PERSIST PEXPIRE PEXPIREAT PFADD PFCOUNT PFMERGE PING PSETEX PSUBSCRIBE PUBSUB PTTL PUBLISH PUNSUBSCRIBE QUIT RANDOMKEY READONLY READWRITE RENAME RENAMENX RESTORE ROLE RPOP RPOPLPUSH RPUSH RPUSHX SADD SAVE SCARD SCRIPT FLUSH LOAD SDIFF SDIFFSTORE SELECT SETBIT SETEX SETNX SETRANGE SHUTDOWN SINTER SINTERSTORE SISMEMBER SLAVEOF SLOWLOG SMEMBERS SMOVE SORT SPOP SRANDMEMBER SREM STRLEN SUBSCRIBE SUNION SUNIONSTORE SWAPDB SYNC TIME TOUCH TTL TYPE UNSUBSCRIBE UNLINK UNWATCH WAIT WATCH ZADD ZCARD ZCOUNT ZINCRBY ZINTERSTORE ZLEXCOUNT ZRANGE ZRANGEBYLEX ZREVRANGEBYLEX ZRANGEBYSCORE ZRANK ZREM ZREMRANGEBYLEX ZREMRANGEBYRANK ZREMRANGEBYSCORE ZREVRANGE ZREVRANGEBYSCORE ZREVRANK ZSCORE ZUNIONSTORE SCAN SSCAN HSCAN ZSCAN",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/antirez/redis",
    "hasStrings": true,
    "jupyterKernel": "https://github.com/supercoderz/redis_kernel",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redis",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "redis.io",
    "linkedInSkill": "redis"
  },
  {
    "id": "robotframework",
    "name": "RobotFramework",
    "appeared": 2013,
    "measurements": 21,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://robotframework.org/",
    "foundationScore": 3,
    "latestVersion": "v6.1.1",
    "rank": 125,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 12,
    "pldbScore": 24641,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 3,
    "inboundLinks": "ace cloc robotframework",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/robotframework/robotframework",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 447,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 515,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 7602,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "text.robot",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2013,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 481,
    "githubRepo_forks": 2297,
    "githubRepo_stars": 9459,
    "githubRepo_issues": 329,
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 83,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2012,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2016,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 3,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 7,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "robotframework.py",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2013,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 15032,
    "repoStats_committers": 237,
    "repoStats_files": 2494,
    "repoStats_mb": 162,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 352282,
    "domainName_registered": 2007,
    "lab": "Robot Framework ry",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "robot",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "robot resource",
    "writtenIn": "robotframework python restructuredtext javascript xml json yaml html css xsd svg make",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 16789,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 34,
    "isSelfHosted": true,
    "latestMajorVersion": 6,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "clocExtensions": "robot",
    "docs": "https://robotframework.org/robotframework/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Finland",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "*** Settings *** Documentation     Example test case using the gherkin syntax. ... ...               This test has a workflow similar to the keyword-driven ...               examples. The difference is that the keywords use higher ...               abstraction level and their arguments are embedded into ...               the keyword names. ... ...               This kind of _gherkin_ syntax has been made popular by ...               [http://cukes.info|Cucumber]. It works well especially when ...               tests act as examples that need to be easily understood also ...               by the business people. Library           CalculatorLibrary  *** Test Cases *** Addition     Given calculator has been cleared     When user types \"1 + 1\"     and user pushes equals     Then result is \"2\"  *** Keywords *** Calculator has been cleared     Push button    C  User types \"${expression}\"     Push buttons    ${expression}  User pushes equals     Push button    =  Result is \"${result}\"     Result should be    ${result} ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "RobotFramework",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/robotframework/robotframework",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "robotframework.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "RobotFramework",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/shellderp/sublime-robot-plugin",
    "githubLanguage": "RobotFramework"
  },
  {
    "id": "flow",
    "name": "Flow",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "creators": "Avik Chaudhuri",
    "measurements": 24,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://flow.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v0.236.0",
    "rank": 126,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 18,
    "pldbScore": 24641,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "civet",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/facebook/flow",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 391,
    "githubRepo_forks": 1852,
    "githubRepo_stars": 22082,
    "githubRepo_issues": 1207,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2014,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 21849,
    "repoStats_committers": 1043,
    "repoStats_files": 15276,
    "repoStats_mb": 149,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 1228364,
    "webRepl": "https://flow.org/try/",
    "domainName_registered": 2002,
    "description": "Javascript with static type checking.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Javascript with static type checking.",
    "lab": "Facebook",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Javascript with static type checking.",
    "writtenIn": "javascript json ocaml expect bourne-shell diff markdown c css make cpp dockerfile svg jsx yaml bash powershell python",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 28683,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 43,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
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T Books|Programming Delphi Custom Components|Fred Bulback|9781558514577\\n2001|Wordware Publishing, Inc.|Tomes of Delphi: Alogrithm and Data Structure (Wordware Delphi Developer's Library)|Bucknall, Julian|9781556227363\\n2005|Jones & Bartlett Learning|INSIDE DELPHI 2006 (W/CD) (Wordware Delphi Developer's Library)|Ivan Hladni|9781598220032\\n2014|Nepeta Enterprises|Coding in Delphi|Hodges, Nick|9781941266038\\n1997|Coriolis Group|High Performance Delphi 3 Programming|Mischel, Jim and Penman, John and Goggin, Terence and Taylor, Don and Shemitz, Jon|9781576101797\\n1995|Sams|Teach Yourself Borland Delphi in 21 Days (Sams Teach Yourself)|Wozniewicz, Andrew|9780672304705\\n1999|Sams Publishing|Delphi 5 Developer's Guide (Developer's Guide)|Teixeira, Steve and Pacheco, Xavier|9780672317811\\n2001|Wordware Publishing, Inc.|The Tomes of Delphi: Developer's Guide to Troubleshooting (Wordware Delphi Developer's Library)|Shannon, Clay|9781556228162\\n1991|Tsinghua University|Delphi 6 Programming Guidance|Zhang Chun Lin Bian Zhu|9787302053880\\n2000|Wordware Publishing, Inc.|Advanced Delphi Developer's Guide to Ado with CDR|Federov, Alex|9781556227585\\n1997|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Delphi 3 for Dummies|Rubenking, Neil J.|9780764501791\\n2000|China Press|Delphi Mode Programming (with Cd-rom)|Liu Yi|9787111149491\\n1996|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Delphi 32-bit Programming Secrets (the Secrets Series)|Tom Swan and Jeff Cogswell|9781568846903\\n1991|Unknown|21 Century College Computer Course Planning Materials: Delphi 2007 Programming Tutorial|Yang Sheng Quan ?liu Bai Lin|9787302219712\\n1997|SIGS|Visual Object-Oriented Programming Using Delphi With CD-ROM (SIGS: Advances in Object Technology, Series Number 14)|Wiener, Richard and Wiatrowski, Claude A.|9780136186380\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Delphi High Performance: Build fast Delphi applications using concurrency, parallel programming and memory management|Gabrijelcic, Primoz|9781788625456\\n2018|Packt Publishing|Delphi Cookbook: Recipes to master Delphi for IoT integrations, cross-platform, mobile and server-side development, 3rd Edition|Spinetti, Daniele and Teti, Daniele|9781788623186\\n2020-02-24T00:00:01Z|Dark Neon|The Little Book Of Delphi Programming: Learn To Program with Object Pascal|Collingbourne, Huw|9781913132095\\n2020|Packt Publishing|Delphi GUI Programming with FireMonkey: Unleash the full potential of the FMX framework to build exciting cross-platform apps with Embarcadero Delphi|Magni, Andrea|9781788621236\\n2019-11-26T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Mastering Delphi Programming: A Complete Reference Guide: Learn all about building fast, scalable, and high performing applications with Delphi|Gabrijelčič, Primož|9781838989118\\n1995|Sybex Inc|Mastering Delphi|Cantu, Marco|9780782117394\\n2020-10-29T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Delphi GUI Programming with FireMonkey: Unleash the full potential of the FMX framework to build exciting cross-platform apps with Embarcadero Delphi|Magni, Andrea|9781788624176\\n2005|Sybex|Mastering Borland Delphi 2005|Marco Cantu'|9780782143423\\n2021|Independently published|Object Pascal Handbook Delphi 10.4 Sydney Edition: The Complete Guide to the Object Pascal programming language for Delphi 10.4 Sydney|Cantu, Marco|9798554519963\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Delphi Programming Projects: Build a range of exciting projects by exploring cross-platform development and microservices|Duarte, William|9781789135237\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Mastering Delphi Programming: A Complete Reference Guide: Learn all about building fast, scalable, and high performing applications with Delphi|Gabrijelčič, Primož|9781838983918\\n2019|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Design Patterns with Delphi: Build applications using idiomatic, extensible, and concurrent design patterns in Delphi|Gabrijelčič, Primož|9781789342437\\n2019|Apress|Introducing Delphi ORM: Object Relational Mapping Using TMS Aurelius|Kouraklis, John|9781484250136\\n2001|Addison Wesley|Programming and Problem Solving with Delphi|Kerman, Mitchell C.|9780201708448\\n2003|Sybex|Mastering Delphi 7|Cant?, Marco and Cantù, Marco|9780782142013\\n2000|O'Reilly Media|Delphi in a Nutshell: A Desktop Quick Reference (In a Nutshell (O'Reilly))|Lischner, Ray|9781565926592\\n2019-05-03T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Delphi Programming Projects: Build a range of exciting projects by exploring cross-platform development and microservices|Duarte, William|9781789130553\\n2020|Apress|Delphi Quick Syntax Reference: A Pocket Guide to the Delphi and Object Pascal Language|Kouraklis, John|9781484261118\\n2005|Oxford University Press|Introducing Delphi Programming: Theory through Practice|Barrow, John and Miller, Linda and Malan, Katherine and Gelderblom, Helene|9780195789119\\n1995|Sams|Delphi Programming Unleashed/Book and Disk|Calvert, Charles|9780672304996\\n1996|Hungry Minds Inc|Delphi Programming for Dummies|Rubenking, Neil J.|9781568846217\\n1995|Waite Group Pr|Borland Delphi How-To: The Definitive Delphi Problem Solver|Frerking, Gary and Niddery, Wayne and Wallace, Nathan|9781571690197\\n2001|Sybex|Mastering Delphi 6|Cant?, Marco|9780782128741\\n2000|Macmillan Technical Publishing|Delphi COM Programming|Harmon, Eric|9781578702213\\n2000|Wordware Publishing, Inc.|Learn Object Pascal with Delphi|Rachele, Warren|9781556227196\\n1997|Sybex Inc|Mastering Delphi 3|Cantu, Marco|9780782120523\\n1996|McGraw-Hill Osborne Media|Delphi in Depth|Anderson, Loy and Fung, Joseph and Lynnworth, Ann and Ostroff, Mark and Rudy, Martin and Vivrette, Robert and Jensen, Cary|9780078822117\\n2000-02-07T00:00:01Z|Wordware Publishing, Inc.|Delphi Graphics And Game Programming Exposed! With DirectX|Ayres, John|9781556226373\\n1997|Wordware|The Tomes of Delphi 3: Win32 Core Api|Diehl, Larry and Dorcas, Phil and Harrison, Kenneth and Mathes, Rod and Reza, Ovais and Tobin, Mike and Ayres, John|9781556225567\\n2001|Wordware Publishing, Inc.|Tomes of KYLIX: The Linux API (Wordware Delphi Developer's Library)|Stephens, Glenn|9781556228230\\n1996|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Delphi 2: A Developer's Guide|Kellen, Vince and Todd, Bill and Novak, Ray and Saenz, Brad|9781558514768\\n1996|Sams|Teach Yourself Delphi 2 in 21 Days (Sams Teach Yourself)|Osier, Dan and Grobman, Steve and Batson, Steve|9780672308635\\n1997|Que Pub|Special Edition Using Delphi 3 (Using ... (Que))|Miller, Todd and Powell, David and Bouchereau, Roland and Bucknall, Julian and Curtis, Bill and Frolich, Scott and Hecht, Joe C. and Krause, Chaim and Pritchard, Mark and Rice, Noel and Rider, J. W. and Sarafinchan, Quentin and Schafer, Stephen A. and Uber, Eric|9780789711182\\n1997|Prentice Hall Ptr|Delphi 3: User Interface Design|Kovach, Warren and Dubois, Ludovic|9780136179603\\n1995|Sams|Delphi Developer's Guide/Book and Cd-Rom (Sams Developer's Guide)|Pacheco, Xavier and Teixeira, Steve|9780672307041\\n1996|Springer|Essential Delphi 2.0 Fast: How to Develop Applications in Delphi 2.0 (Essential Series)|Cowell, John|9783540760269\\n2003-09-30T00:00:01Z|Anaya Multimedia-Anaya Interactiva|Delphi 7 y Kylix 3 / Delphi 7 and Kylix 3 (Programacion / Programming) (Spanish Edition)|Charte, Francisco|9788441515666\\n2006||Mastering Delphi 7|Sybex|9788176567534\\n2003|ANAYA MULTIMEDIA|Delphi 7 (Guías Prácticas) (Spanish Edition)|Charte, Francisco|9788441515543\\n1995|Coriolis Group|Delphi Programming EXplorer: Master Cutting-Edge Visual Software Development for Windows|Duntemann, Jeff and Mischel, Jim and Taylor, Don|9781883577254\\n2001|Optimax Pub|Web Programming With Delphi (delphi Programming)|Andrew J. Wozniewicz|9781931097178\\n||Hello Delphi: An Introduction To Programming With Borland Delphi For Windows|Joy and Janet E.|9780964816022\\n20030204|Springer Nature|Mastering Delphi Programming|William Buchanan|9781137173560\\n2000|China Press|Delphi 7 Programming|Wang Chun Hong|9787810820547\\n2010||Delphi Programming Language: Free Software Programmed In Delphi, Quake Army Knife, Ares Galaxy, Inno Setup, Dev-c]+, Openwire, Apophysis|Books Llc and Books and LLC|9781158022229\\n30-06-2016|Packt Publishing|Delphi Cookbook|Daniele Teti|9781785280504\\n1997|Wordware Publishing Inc.,u.s.|Microsoft Directx 2 Games Programming With Delphi (advanced Delphi Series)|David Bowden|9781556225574\\n1996|Apress|Instant Delphi 32 Programming|Dave Jewell|9781874416838\\n1996|John Wiley & Sons|Delphi Programming Problem Solver|Neil J. Rubenking|9781568847955\\n1991|Mechanical Industry Press|Delphi Practical Programming Techniques|Zhu Bian Zhang Wei Dong|9787111178743\\n20161026|Springer Nature|MVVM in Delphi|John Kouraklis|9781484222140\\n26-02-2018|Packt Publishing|Delphi High Performance|Primoz Gabrijelcic|9781788621243\\n2000|Tsinghua University Press. Beijing Jiaotong University Press|Delphi Database Programming(chinese Edition)|Hou Tai Ping Tong Ai Hong|9787810823289\\n20200804|Springer Nature|Delphi Quick Syntax Reference|John Kouraklis|9781484261125\\n20000316|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Delphi in a Nutshell|Ray Lischner|9781449337315\\n20000316|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Delphi in a Nutshell|Ray Lischner|9781449369521\\n2007|Machinery Industry Press|Delphi Programming Tutorial Examples(chinese Edition)|Sun An Yue|9787111207306\\n1991|Unknown|Delphi 7 High-level Programming Paradigm|Long Qi Ming Liu Bin Deng Bian Zhu|9787302092582\\n1996|Sams|Programming Internet Applications With Delphi 32|Sams Development Group|9781575210605\\n2003|Charles River Media, Inc.|Delphi Programming With Com And Activex|Ponamarev, V.|9781584502548\\n2003|Pearson Education|Programming And Problem Solving With Delphi|Mitchell C. Kerman|9780321204417\\n1996|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Learn Delphi 2 Database Programming Today|Jeff Cogswell|9781568848358\\n1995|John Wiley & Sons|Developing Windows Applications Using Delphi|Paul Penrod|9780471110170\\n20061122|Springer Nature|.NET 2.0 for Delphi Programmers|Jon Shemitz|9781430201748\\n2004|A-list|Advanced Delphi X Programming And Engineering|Peter Darakhvelidze and Evgeny Markov|9781931769280",
    "indeedJobs": "delphi engineer",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2016|Lessons Learned from Teaching Scratch as an Introduction to Object-oriented Programming in Delphi|10.1080/18117295.2016.1189215|6|0|Sukie van Zyl and E. Mentz and M. Havenga|f9a8b9efda4ed17f7540bbb926b9b97ef9d8d6be\\n2014|Application of Case-based Teaching in Higher Vocational Computer CoursesA Case Study of Delphi Programming|10.2991/SCICT-14.2014.64|3|0|Guanqun Liu and Qiufen Yang and Rong Fan|355a997fe0a41d33880d49948719f481b0e636fa\\n2011|Performance Comparison of Managed C# and Delphi Prism in Visual Studio and Unmanaged Delphi 2009 and C++ Builder 2009 Languages|10.5120/3070-4199|1|0|Abdulkadir Karacı|8443a676d13766bfde31808be4a689855d8e8a8d"
  },
  {
    "id": "abap",
    "name": "ABAP",
    "appeared": 1983,
    "measurements": 47,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://scn.sap.com/community/abap",
    "foundationScore": 1,
    "blog": "https://blogs.sap.com/tags/833755570260738661924709785639136/",
    "releaseNotes": "https://help.sap.com/docs/BTP/4726775c8bfc483abb210252604515b2/e9b10e43016e423ab0efe91e668a6efc.html",
    "rank": 139,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 24560,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "ace",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 387,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 450,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 4488,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "abap",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.abap",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "a/ABAP.abap",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 42,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2012,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 4,
    "standsFor": "Advanced Business Application Programming",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "business.py",
    "tiobe_currentRank": 40,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1983,
    "wikipedia_related": "objective-c cobol sql java unix solaris linux systemz eclipse-editor",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming, originally Allgemeiner Berichts-Aufbereitungs-Prozessor, German for \"general report creation processor\") is a high-level programming language created by the German software company SAP SE. It is currently positioned, alongside Java, as the language for programming the SAP Application Server, which is part of the NetWeaver platform for building business applications.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 439,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 181,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1472,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 271832,
    "lab": "SAP",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "abap",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "abap",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "abap ABAP",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2416,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 283,
    "exercism": "https://exercism.org/tracks/abap",
    "expandedMeasurements": 1037,
    "clocExtensions": "abap",
    "docs": "https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_755_index_htm/7.55/en-US/index.htm",
    "eventsPageUrl": "https://blogs.sap.com/2020/04/21/abap-community-online-events/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "monaco": "abap",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:ABAP",
    "projectEuler": "ABAP",
    "leachim6_example": "REPORT ZHELLO_WORLD.  START-OF-SELECTION.     WRITE: 'Hello World'.   ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "*/** * The MIT License (MIT) * Copyright (c) 2012 René van Mil * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining * a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the * \"Software\"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including * without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, * distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to * permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to * the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY * CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, * TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE * SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. */  *----------------------------------------------------------------------* *       CLASS CL_CSV_PARSER DEFINITION *----------------------------------------------------------------------* * *----------------------------------------------------------------------* class cl_csv_parser definition   public   inheriting from cl_object   final   create public .    public section. *\"* public components of class CL_CSV_PARSER *\"* do not include other source files here!!!      type-pools abap .     methods constructor       importing         !delegate type ref to if_csv_parser_delegate         !csvstring type string         !separator type c         !skip_first_line type abap_bool .     methods parse       raising         cx_csv_parse_error .   protected section. *\"* protected components of class CL_CSV_PARSER *\"* do not include other source files here!!!   private section. *\"* private components of class CL_CSV_PARSER *\"* do not include other source files here!!!      constants _textindicator type c value '\"'.              \"#EC NOTEXT     data _delegate type ref to if_csv_parser_delegate .     data _csvstring type string .     data _separator type c .     type-pools abap .     data _skip_first_line type abap_bool .      methods _lines       returning         value(returning) type stringtab .     methods _parse_line       importing         !line type string       returning         value(returning) type stringtab       raising         cx_csv_parse_error . endclass.                    \"CL_CSV_PARSER DEFINITION    *----------------------------------------------------------------------* *       CLASS CL_CSV_PARSER IMPLEMENTATION *----------------------------------------------------------------------* * *----------------------------------------------------------------------* class cl_csv_parser implementation.   * <SIGNATURE>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ * | Instance Public Method CL_CSV_PARSER->CONSTRUCTOR * +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ * | [--->] DELEGATE                       TYPE REF TO IF_CSV_PARSER_DELEGATE * | [--->] CSVSTRING                      TYPE        STRING * | [--->] SEPARATOR                      TYPE        C * | [--->] SKIP_FIRST_LINE                TYPE        ABAP_BOOL * +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</SIGNATURE>   method constructor.     super->constructor( ).     _delegate = delegate.     _csvstring = csvstring.     _separator = separator.     _skip_first_line = skip_first_line.   endmethod.                    \"constructor   * <SIGNATURE>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ * | Instance Public Method CL_CSV_PARSER->PARSE * +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ * | [!CX!] CX_CSV_PARSE_ERROR * +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</SIGNATURE>   method parse.     data msg type string.     if _csvstring is initial.       message e002(csv) into msg.       raise exception type cx_csv_parse_error         exporting           message = msg.     endif.      \" Get the lines     data is_first_line type abap_bool value abap_true.     data lines type standard table of string.     lines = _lines( ).     field-symbols <line> type string.     loop at lines assigning <line>.       \" Should we skip the first line?       if _skip_first_line = abap_true and is_first_line = abap_true.         is_first_line = abap_false.         continue.       endif.       \" Parse the line       data values type standard table of string.       values = _parse_line( <line> ).       \" Send values to delegate       _delegate->values_found( values ).     endloop.   endmethod.                    \"parse   * <SIGNATURE>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ * | Instance Private Method CL_CSV_PARSER->_LINES * +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ * | [<-()] RETURNING                      TYPE        STRINGTAB * +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</SIGNATURE>   method _lines.     split _csvstring at cl_abap_char_utilities=>cr_lf into table returning.   endmethod.                    \"_lines   * <SIGNATURE>---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ * | Instance Private Method CL_CSV_PARSER->_PARSE_LINE * +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ * | [--->] LINE                           TYPE        STRING * | [<-()] RETURNING                      TYPE        STRINGTAB * | [!CX!] CX_CSV_PARSE_ERROR * +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</SIGNATURE>   method _parse_line.     data msg type string.      data csvvalue type string.     data csvvalues type standard table of string.      data char type c.     data pos type i value 0.     data len type i.     len = strlen( line ).     while pos < len.       char = line+pos(1).       if char <> _separator.         if char = _textindicator.           data text_ended type abap_bool.           text_ended = abap_false.           while text_ended = abap_false.             pos = pos + 1.             if pos < len.               char = line+pos(1).               if char = _textindicator.                 text_ended = abap_true.               else.                 if char is initial. \" Space                   concatenate csvvalue ` ` into csvvalue.                 else.                   concatenate csvvalue char into csvvalue.                 endif.               endif.             else.               \" Reached the end of the line while inside a text value               \" This indicates an error in the CSV formatting               text_ended = abap_true.               message e003(csv) into msg.               raise exception type cx_csv_parse_error                 exporting                   message = msg.             endif.           endwhile.           \" Check if next character is a separator, otherwise the CSV formatting is incorrect           data nextpos type i.           nextpos = pos + 1.           if nextpos < len and line+nextpos(1) <> _separator.             message e003(csv) into msg.             raise exception type cx_csv_parse_error               exporting                 message = msg.           endif.         else.           if char is initial. \" Space             concatenate csvvalue ` ` into csvvalue.           else.             concatenate csvvalue char into csvvalue.           endif.         endif.       else.         append csvvalue to csvvalues.         clear csvvalue.       endif.       pos = pos + 1.     endwhile.     append csvvalue to csvvalues. \" Don't forget the last value      returning = csvvalues.   endmethod.                    \"_parse_line endclass.                    \"CL_CSV_PARSER IMPLEMENTATION",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "ABAP",
    "wikipedia_example": "* First define structured type TYPES: BEGIN OF t_vbrk,          VBELN TYPE VBRK-VBELN,          ZUONR TYPE VBRK-ZUONR,        END OF t_vbrk.  * Now define internal table of our defined type t_vbrk DATA : gt_vbrk TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF t_vbrk,        gt_vbrk_2 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF t_vbrk.   \"easy to define more tables  * If needed, define structure (line of internal table) * Definition with type or with reference to internal table: DATA : gs_vbrk TYPE t_vbrk,        gs_vbrk2 LIKE LINE OF gt_vbrk2.  * You can also define table type if needed TYPES tt_vbrk TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF t_vbrk.",
    "leachim6": "ABAP",
    "keywords": "abap-source abbreviated abstract accept accepting according activation actual add add-corresponding adjacent after alias aliases align all allocate alpha analysis analyzer and append appendage appending application archive area arithmetic as ascending aspect assert assign assigned assigning association asynchronous at attributes authority authority-check avg back background backup backward badi base before begin between big binary bintohex bit black blank blanks blob block blocks blue bound boundaries bounds boxed break-point buffer by bypassing byte byte-order call calling case cast casting catch center centered chain chain-input chain-request change changing channels character char-to-hex check checkbox ci_ circular class class-coding class-data class-events class-methods class-pool cleanup clear client clob clock close coalesce code coding col_background col_group col_heading col_key col_negative col_normal col_positive col_total collect color column columns comment comments commit common communication comparing component components compression compute concat concat_with_space concatenate cond condense condition connect connection constants context contexts continue control controls conv conversion convert copies copy corresponding country cover cpi create creating critical currency currency_conversion current cursor cursor-selection customer customer-function dangerous data database datainfo dataset date dats_add_days dats_add_months dats_days_between dats_is_valid daylight dd/mm/yy dd/mm/yyyy ddmmyy deallocate decimal_shift decimals declarations deep default deferred define defining definition delete deleting demand department descending describe destination detail dialog directory disconnect display display-mode distinct divide divide-corresponding division do dummy duplicate duplicates duration during dynamic dynpro edit editor-call else elseif empty enabled enabling encoding end endat endcase endcatch endchain endclass enddo endenhancement end-enhancement-section endexec endform endfunction endian endif ending endinterface end-lines endloop endmethod endmodule end-of-definition end-of-editing end-of-file end-of-page end-of-selection endon endprovide endselect end-test-injection end-test-seam endtry endwhile endwith engineering enhancement enhancement-point enhancements enhancement-section entries entry enum environment equiv errormessage errors escaping event events exact except exception exceptions exception-table exclude excluding exec execute exists exit exit-command expand expanding expiration explicit exponent export exporting extend extended extension extract fail fetch field field-groups fields field-symbol field-symbols file filter filters filter-table final find first first-line fixed-point fkeq fkge flush font for form format forward found frame frames free friends from function functionality function-pool further gaps generate get giving gkeq gkge global grant green group groups handle handler harmless hashed having hdb header headers heading head-lines help-id help-request hextobin hide high hint hold hotspot icon id identification identifier ids if ignore ignoring immediately implementation implementations implemented implicit import importing in inactive incl include includes including increment index index-line infotypes inheriting init initial initialization inner inout input insert instance instances instr intensified interface interface-pool interfaces internal intervals into inverse inverted-date is iso job join keep keeping kernel key keys keywords kind language last late layout leading leave left left-justified leftplus leftspace legacy length let level levels like line lines line-count linefeed line-selection line-size list listbox list-processing little llang load load-of-program lob local locale locator logfile logical log-point long loop low lower lpad lpi ltrim mail main major-id mapping margin mark mask match matchcode max maximum medium members memory mesh message message-id messages messaging method methods min minimum minor-id mm/dd/yy mm/dd/yyyy mmddyy mode modif modifier modify module move move-corresponding multiply multiply-corresponding name nametab native nested nesting new new-line new-page new-section next no no-display no-extension no-gap no-gaps no-grouping no-heading no-scrolling no-sign no-title no-topofpage no-zero node nodes non-unicode non-unique not null number object objects obligatory occurrence occurrences occurs of off offset ole on only open option optional options or order other others out outer output output-length overflow overlay pack package pad padding page pages parameter parameters parameter-table part partially pattern percentage perform performing person pf1 pf10 pf11 pf12 pf13 pf14 pf15 pf2 pf3 pf4 pf5 pf6 pf7 pf8 pf9 pf-status pink places pool pos_high pos_low position pragmas precompiled preferred preserving primary print print-control priority private procedure process program property protected provide public push pushbutton put queue-only quickinfo radiobutton raise raising range ranges read reader read-only receive received receiver receiving red redefinition reduce reduced ref reference refresh regex reject remote renaming replace replacement replacing report request requested reserve reset resolution respecting responsible result results resumable resume retry return returncode returning returns right right-justified rightplus rightspace risk rmc_communication_failure rmc_invalid_status rmc_system_failure role rollback rows rpad rtrim run sap sap-spool saving scale_preserving scale_preserving_scientific scan scientific scientific_with_leading_zero scroll scroll-boundary scrolling search secondary seconds section select selection selections selection-screen selection-set selection-sets selection-table select-options send separate separated set shared shift short shortdump-id sign_as_postfix single size skip skipping smart some sort sortable sorted source specified split spool 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    "wikipedia_related": "joss unix telcomp miis linux tiny-basic ascii csv",
    "wikipedia_summary": "MUMPS (Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System), or M, is a general-purpose computer programming language that provides ACID (Atomic, Consistent, Isolated, and Durable) transaction processing. Its differentiating feature is its \"built-in\" database, enabling high-level access to disk storage using simple symbolic program variables and subscripted arrays, similar to the variables used by most languages to access main memory. The M database is a key-value database engine optimized for high-throughput transaction processing. As such it is in the class of \"schema-less\", \"schema-free,\" or NoSQL databases. Internally, M stores data in multidimensional hierarchical sparse arrays (also known as key-value nodes, sub-trees, or associative memory). Each array may have up to 32 subscripts, or dimensions. A scalar can be thought of as an array element with zero subscripts. Nodes with varying numbers of subscripts (including one node with no subscripts) can freely co-exist in the same array. Perhaps the most unusual aspect of the M language is the notion that the database is accessed through variables, rather than queries or retrievals. This means that accessing volatile memory and non-volatile storage use the same basic syntax, enabling a function to work on either local (volatile) or global (non-volatile) variables. Practically, this provides for extremely high performance data access. Originally designed in 1966 for the healthcare industry, M continues to be used today by many large hospitals and banks to provide high-throughput transaction data processing.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 255,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 197,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1017,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 19723,
    "lab": "MUMPS Development Committee",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "mumps m",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 40,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "clocExtensions": "mps m",
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#mumps",
    "docs": "https://mumps.sourceforge.net/docs.html",
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/mumps",
    "codeMirror": "mumps",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:MUMPS",
    "country": "United States",
    "projectEuler": "MUMPS",
    "example": "label1 ; This is a label     write \"Hello World !\",!     quit ",
    "helloWorldCollection": "; Hello World in Mumps-M  w !,\"Hello World\"",
    "leachim6_example": " w \"Hello World\",! ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/mumps",
    "rijuRepl_example": "main()   write \"Hello, world!\",!   quit ",
    "wikipedia_example": "GTM>S n=\"\" GTM>S n=$order(^nodex(n)) GTM>zwr n n=\" building\" GTM>S n=$order(^nodex(n)) GTM>zwr n n=\" name:gd\" GTM>S n=$order(^nodex(n)) GTM>zwr n n=\"%kml:guid\"",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MUMPS",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=773",
    "tiobe": "MUMPS",
    "githubBigQuery": "M",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1989|Prentice Hall|The Complete Mumps: An Introduction and Reference Manual for the Mumps Programming Language|Lewkowicz, John M.|9780131621251\\n2008|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|The Mumps Programming Language|O'Kane, Kevin C.|9781438243382\\n2010|General Books|Mumps Programming Language: Mumps, Mumps Language Syntax, Mumps Users|Llc Books Not Available (na)|9781156342411\\n2010|General Books|Mumps Programming Language Family: Mumps Programming Language, Fileman, Mumps Language Syntax, Meditech, Mumps Users, Miis|Books and LLC|9781156342428\\n1995||Programming Languages Mumps|American National Standards Institute|9780918118400\\n||Mumps Programming Reference Manual|Melvin E. Conway|9780918118257\\n2010|General Books|Persistent Programming Languages: Mumps|Books and LLC|9781156262405\\nJune 1981||Computer Programming in Standard Mumps|David H. Miller and Gregory L. Bressler and Arthur Krieg|9780918118288\\n2011||Articles On Mumps Programming Language Family, Including|Hephaestus Books|9781244856448\\n1982|Mumps Users' Group|Mumps Primer, Revised: An Introduction To The Interactive Programming System Of The Future|Richard F Walters|9780918118240",
    "githubLanguage": "M",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1976|A balanced view of MUMPS|10.1145/1164881.1164883|5|0|A. Wasserman and D. Sherertz|63ee3e847a63de9225b5131cecb8933785d77025\\n1976|A balanced view of MUMPS|10.1145/800236.807089|3|0|A. Wasserman and D. Sherertz|4900e9669acd5516ce0dca745eb318088073379d\\n1989|The MUMPS Programming Language|10.1007/978-1-4612-3488-3_23|2|0|B. Blum and H. Orthner|2c2554297b07cb462c80b1e7161a0353d5ddd290"
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  {
    "id": "coldfusion",
    "name": "ColdFusion",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "creators": "Joseph J. Allaire",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.adobe.com/products/coldfusion",
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    "rank": 168,
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    "pldbScore": 24431,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 4,
    "inboundLinks": "ace cloc coldfusion-components pygments",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "githubLanguage_aliases": "cfm or cfml or coldfusion html",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "coldfusion",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "text.html.cfm",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "c/ColdFusion.cfm",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 584,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2012,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2017,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 15,
    "meetup_memberCount": 7310,
    "meetup_groupCount": 22,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "templates.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
    "wikipedia_related": "java html cfml asp java-server-pages php javascript cfscript soap pdf smtp ftp xml xpath solaris excel-app linux eclipse-editor wsdl json jython groovy jruby",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Adobe ColdFusion is a commercial rapid web application development platform created by J. J. Allaire in 1995. (The programming language used with that platform is also commonly called ColdFusion, though is more accurately known as CFML.) ColdFusion was originally designed to make it easier to connect simple HTML pages to a database. By version 2 (1996), it became a full platform that included an IDE in addition to a full scripting language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2012,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 85,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 386,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 374636,
    "lab": "Adobe",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "cfm cfml",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "cfm cfml",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "clocExtensions": "cfm cfml",
    "docs": "https://cfdocs.org/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:ColdFusion",
    "packageRepository": "https://www.forgebox.io/",
    "projectEuler": "ColdFusion",
    "helloWorldCollection": "<!---Hello world in ColdFusion--->  <cfset message = \"Hello World\"> <cfoutput> #message#</cfoutput> ",
    "leachim6_example": "<cfset message = \"Hello World\"> <cfoutput> #message#</cfoutput> ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "<!--- cfcomment ---> <!--- nested <!--- cfcomment ---> ---> <!--- multi-line nested <!--- cfcomment ---> ---> <!-- html comment --> <html> <head> <title>Date Functions</title> </head> <body> <cfset RightNow = Now()> <cfoutput>  #RightNow#<br />  #DateFormat(RightNow)#<br />  #DateFormat(RightNow,\"mm/dd/yy\")#<br />  #TimeFormat(RightNow)#<br />  #TimeFormat(RightNow,\"hh:mm tt\")#<br />  #IsDate(RightNow)#<br />  #IsDate(\"January 31, 2007\")#<br />  #IsDate(\"foo\")#<br />  #DaysInMonth(RightNow)# </cfoutput> <cfset x=\"x\"> <cfset y=\"y\"> <cfset z=\"z\"> <cfoutput group=\"x\">     #x#     <cfoutput>#y#</cfoutput>     #z# </cfoutput> </body> </html>  <cfset person = \"Paul\"> <cfset greeting = \"Hello #person#\">  <cfset greeting = \"Hello\" & \" world!\"> <cfset a = 5> <cfset b = 10> <cfset c = a^b> <cfset c = a MOD b> <cfset c = a / b> <cfset c = a * b> <cfset c = a + b> <cfset c = a - b> <!--- <!-- another <!--- nested --> ---> comment --->",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Coldfusion HTML",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/coldfusion",
    "wikipedia_example": "http://path/to/components/Component.cfc?method=search&query=your+query&mode=strict",
    "leachim6": "ColdFusion",
    "meetup": "https://www.meetup.com/topics/coldfusion",
    "printToken": "cfoutput",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ColdFusion",
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    "githubBigQuery": "ColdFusion",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/SublimeText/ColdFusion",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2010|Adobe Press|Adobe ColdFusion 9 Web Application Construction Kit: v. 1: Getting Started|Forta, Ben Forta|9780321660343\\n2001|O'Reilly Media|Programming ColdFusion|Brooks-Bilson, Rob|9781565926981\\n2010|Adobe Press|Adobe ColdFusion 9 Web Application Construction Kit, Volume 2: Application Development|Forta, Ben|9780321679192\\n2002|Macromedia Press|ColdFusion MX Web Application Construction Kit (5th Edition)|Forta, Ben and Weiss, Nate and Chalnick, Leon and Buraglia, Angela C.|9780321125163\\n2010|Packt Publishing|Object-Oriented Programming in ColdFusion|Gifford, Matt|9781847196323\\n2004|Career Education|Programming The Web With Coldfusion Mx 6.1 Using Xhtml (web Developer Series)|Lakshmi Prayaga and Hamsa Suri|9780072890327\\n2001|Pearson Education|ColdFusion 5 Language Reference|Ben Forta|9780789726988\\n2010|Packt Publishing|ColdFusion 9 Developer Tutorial|Farrar, John|9781849690249\\n2013|Adobe Press|Adobe ColdFusion 10 Web Application Construction Kit: ColdFusion 10 Enhancements and Improvements|Ben Forta and Charlie Arehart and Raymond Camden and Ken Fricklas and Hemanth Khandelwal and Chandan Kumar and Rob Brooks-Bilson|9780321890962\\n2010|Packt Publishing|ColdFusion 9 Developer Tutorial|Farrar, John|9781849690256\\n2013|Adobe Press|Adobe ColdFusion Web Application Construction Kit: ColdFusion 10 Enhancements and Improvements|Forta, Ben and Charlie Arehart and Raymond Camden and Ken Fricklas and Hemanth Khandelwal and Chandan Kumar and Rob Brooks-Bilson|9780133352511\\n2003|O'Reilly Media|Programming ColdFusion MX, 2nd Edition|Rob Brooks-Bilson|9780596003807\\n2002|Prentice Hall Ptr|Java for ColdFusion Developers|Hewitt, Eben|9780130461803\\n1998|Que Pub|The Coldfusion 4.0 Web Application Construction Kit|Forta, Ben and Weiss, Nate|9780789718099\\n2002|Syngress|Hack Proofing ColdFusion|Steve Casco and Rob Rusher and Greg Meyer and Sarge and David Vaccaro and David An|9781928994770\\n2002|McGraw-Hill/OsborneMedia|ColdFusion 5: A Beginner's Guide (Beginner's Guides (Osborne))||9780072191097\\n20121206|Springer Nature|Essential ColdFusion fast|Matthew Norman|9781447103332\\n20030813|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming ColdFusion MX|Rob Brooks-Bilson|9780596516987\\n2011|Apress|Adobe Coldfusion Anthology|Michael Dinowitz and Judith Dinowitz|9781430269533\\n2002|Macromedia Press|Macromedia ColdFusion 5: training from the source|Schmidt, Kevin J. (kevin James)|9780201758474\\n20030813|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming ColdFusion MX|Rob Brooks-Bilson|9781491909485\\n2001|Osborne/mcgraw-hill|Optimizing Coldfusion 5|Chris Cortes|9780072193046\\n20101228|Springer Nature|Adobe ColdFusion Anthology|Michael Dinowitz; Judith Dinowitz|9781430272144\\n2002|New Riders|Dynamic Publishing with ColdFusion MX|Benjamin Elmore|9780735713123\\n20101013|Packt Publishing|Object-Oriented Programming in ColdFusion|Matt Gifford|9781847196330\\n2006|Equity Press|Macromedia Coldfusion MX 7 Interview Que|Terry Sanchez-Clark and Itcookbook|9781933804538\\n2003|Mcgraw-hill Custom Publishing|Programming The Web With Coldfusion Mx Using Xhtml|Hamsa Suri Lakshmi Prayaga|9780072943924",
    "githubLanguage": "ColdFusion",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nProgramming ColdFusion|2001|Rob Brooks-Bilson|559987|3.86|7|0\\nProgramming Coldfusion MX|2003|Rob Brooks-Bilson|559982|3.78|18|0\\nObject-Oriented Programming in Coldfusion|2010|Matt Gifford|14947964|3.92|12|4\\nColdfusion 8 Developer Tutorial|2008|John Farrar|6550757|4.00|5|0\\nMacromedia Coldfusion Mx7 Certified Developer Study Guide|2001|Ben Forta|559981|3.56|27|2\\nJava for Coldfusion Developers|2003|Eben Hewitt|2233112|3.00|3|0\\nColdFusion MX for Dummies|2002|John Paul Ashenfelter|614391|4.25|4|0\\nColdfusion 4.5 for Dummies [With CDROM]|2000|Alexis D. Gutzman|1731069|3.00|1|0\\nColdfusion 9 Developer Tutorial|2010|John Farrar|14182329|0.0|0|0"
  },
  {
    "id": "xquery",
    "name": "XQuery",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "measurements": 33,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.w3.org/XML/Query/",
    "foundationScore": 4,
    "blog": "https://www.w3.org/blog/tags/xquery/",
    "rank": 169,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 24427,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 4,
    "inboundLinks": "ace cloc ixml pygments",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 983,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 1175,
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "xquery",
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    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "application/xquery",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.xq",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "x/XQuery.xq",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2015,
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    "maintainerOrganization": "W3C",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "webmisc.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2007,
    "wikipedia_related": "xpath sql lisp prolog xml java csharp jsoniq json isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "XQuery (XML Query) is a query and functional programming language that queries and transforms collections of structured and unstructured data, usually in the form of XML, text and with vendor-specific extensions for other data formats (JSON, binary, etc.). The language is developed by the XML Query working group of the W3C. The work is closely coordinated with the development of XSLT by the XSL Working Group; the two groups share responsibility for XPath, which is a subset of XQuery. XQuery 1.0 became a W3C Recommendation on January 23, 2007. XQuery 3.0 became a W3C Recommendation on April 8, 2014. XQuery 3.1 became a W3C Recommendation on March 21, 2017.  \"The mission of the XML Query project is to provide flexible query facilities to extract data from real and virtual documents on the World Wide Web, therefore finally providing the needed interaction between the Web world and the database world. Ultimately, collections of XML files will be accessed like databases\".",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 216,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 308,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 433,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 23742879,
    "lab": "W3C",
    "fileExtensions": "xq xql xqm xqy xquery",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "xquery xq xql xqm xqy",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "xq",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "xqy xquery xq xql xqm",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "xq xql xqm xqy xquery",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1351,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 125,
    "expandedMeasurements": 45,
    "clocExtensions": "xq xql xqm xquery xqy",
    "docs": "https://www.w3.org/TR/xquery-31/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "codeMirror": "xquery",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:XQuery",
    "helloWorldCollection": "(: Hello World with XQuery :) let $i := \"Hello World\" return $i ",
    "leachim6_example": "let $hello := \"Hello World\" return $hello ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "(: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------      xproc.xqm - core xqm contains entry points, primary eval-step function and     control functions.   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :) xquery version \"3.0\"  encoding \"UTF-8\";  module namespace xproc = \"http://xproc.net/xproc\";   (: declare namespaces :)  declare namespace p=\"http://www.w3.org/ns/xproc\";  declare namespace c=\"http://www.w3.org/ns/xproc-step\";  declare namespace err=\"http://www.w3.org/ns/xproc-error\";   (: module imports :) (:  import module namespace util = \"http://xproc.net/xproc/util\" at \"util1.xqm\"; :)  import module namespace const = \"http://xproc.net/xproc/const\" at \"const.xqm\";  import module namespace parse = \"http://xproc.net/xproc/parse\" at \"parse.xqm\";  import module namespace u = \"http://xproc.net/xproc/util\" at \"util.xqm\";   (: declare options :)  declare boundary-space preserve;  declare option saxon:output \"indent=yes\";   (: declare functions :)  declare variable $xproc:run-step       := xproc:run#6;  declare variable $xproc:parse-and-eval := ();  declare variable $xproc:declare-step   := ();  declare variable $xproc:choose         := ();  declare variable $xproc:try            := ();  declare variable $xproc:catch          := ();  declare variable $xproc:group          := ();  declare variable $xproc:for-each       := ();  declare variable $xproc:viewport       := ();  declare variable $xproc:library        := ();  declare variable $xproc:pipeline       := ();  declare variable $xproc:variable       := ();    (: list all declared namespaces :)  (: -------------------------------------------------------------------------- :)  declare function xproc:enum-namespaces($pipeline){  (: -------------------------------------------------------------------------- :)     <namespace name=\"{$pipeline/@name}\">{u:enum-ns(<dummy>{$pipeline}</dummy>)}</namespace>  };   (: entry point :)  (: -------------------------------------------------------------------------- :)  declare function xproc:run($pipeline,$stdin,$dflag,$tflag,$bindings,$options){  (: -------------------------------------------------------------------------- :)   (: STEP I: preprocess :)  let $validate   := ()  let $namespaces := xproc:enum-namespaces($pipeline)  let $parse      := parse:explicit-bindings( parse:AST(parse:explicit-name(parse:explicit-type($pipeline))))  let $ast        := element p:declare-step {$parse/@*,        parse:pipeline-step-sort( $parse/*, () )      }   (: STEP II: eval AST :)  let $eval_result := ()   (: STEP III: serialize and return results :)  let $serialized_result := $pipeline   return    $serialized_result  };  ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "XQuery",
    "wikipedia_example": "<html><body>  {    for $act in doc(\"hamlet.xml\")//ACT    let $speakers := distinct-values($act//SPEAKER)    return      <div>        <h1>{ string($act/TITLE) }</h1>        <ul>        {          for $speaker in $speakers          return <li>{ $speaker }</li>        }        </ul>      </div>  }  </body></html>",
    "leachim6": "XQuery",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasCaseInsensitiveIdentifiers": false,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLineComments": false,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XQuery",
    "bookCount": 2,
    "paperCount": 15,
    "tiobe": "XQuery",
    "githubBigQuery": "XQuery",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/wcandillon/language-jsoniq",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2009|McGraw-Hill Education|XML: A Beginner's Guide: Go Beyond the Basics with Ajax, XHTML, XPath 2.0, XSLT 2.0 and XQuery|Holzner, Steven|9780071606264\\n2009|McGraw-Hill Education|XML: A Beginner's Guide: Go Beyond the Basics with Ajax, XHTML, XPath 2.0, XSLT 2.0 and XQuery|Holzner, Steven|9780071606271",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "Hurl is a command line tool that runs HTTP requests defined in a simple plain text format. It can perform requests, capture values and evaluate queries on headers and body response. Hurl is very versatile: it can be used for both fetching data and testing HTTP sessions",
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    "related": "curl",
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    "demoVideo": "https://hurl.dev/#also-an-http-test-tool",
    "docs": "https://hurl.dev/docs/manual.html",
    "country": "France",
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    "domainName": "hurl.dev"
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  {
    "id": "netlogo",
    "name": "NetLogo",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "creators": "Uri Wilensky",
    "measurements": 30,
    "tags": "pl simulation",
    "website": "http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "6.4.0",
    "rank": 190,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 13,
    "pldbScore": 24355,
    "hoplId": 7674,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "xtao",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/NetLogo/NetLogo",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "githubLanguage_repos": 3859,
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "lisp",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "commonlisp",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-common-lisp",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.lisp",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2011,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2011,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2011,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 9203,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 442115,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_related": "starlogo logo isbn scala java",
    "wikipedia_summary": "NetLogo is an agent-based programming language and integrated modeling environment.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 80,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 67,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 255,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 593757,
    "lab": "Northwestern University",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "nlogo",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "nlogo nlogo3d nls",
    "writtenIn": "scala java csv mustache xml bourne-shell markdown yaml html xslt css bash dtd",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2428,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 48,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 6,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "clocExtensions": "nlogo nls",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:NetLogo",
    "country": "United States",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "patches-own [   living?         ;; indicates if the cell is living   live-neighbors  ;; counts how many neighboring cells are alive ]  to setup-blank   clear-all   ask patches [ cell-death ]   reset-ticks end  to setup-random   clear-all   ask patches     [ ifelse random-float 100.0 < initial-density       [ cell-birth ]       [ cell-death ] ]   reset-ticks end  to cell-birth   set living? true   set pcolor fgcolor end  to cell-death   set living? false   set pcolor bgcolor end  to go   ask patches     [ set live-neighbors count neighbors with [living?] ]   ;; Starting a new \"ask patches\" here ensures that all the patches   ;; finish executing the first ask before any of them start executing   ;; the second ask.  This keeps all the patches in synch with each other,   ;; so the births and deaths at each generation all happen in lockstep.   ask patches     [ ifelse live-neighbors = 3       [ cell-birth ]       [ if live-neighbors != 2         [ cell-death ] ] ]   tick end  to draw-cells   let erasing? [living?] of patch mouse-xcor mouse-ycor   while [mouse-down?]     [ ask patch mouse-xcor mouse-ycor       [ ifelse erasing?         [ cell-death ]         [ cell-birth ] ]       display ] end  ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/netlogo",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/NetLogo/NetLogo",
    "lineCommentToken": ";",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetLogo",
    "bookCount": 4,
    "paperCount": 10,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=7674",
    "githubBigQuery": "NetLogo",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/lisp.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2015|The MIT Press|An Introduction to Agent-Based Modeling: Modeling Natural, Social, and Engineered Complex Systems with NetLogo (The MIT Press)|Wilensky, Uri and Rand, William|9780262731898\\n2015|ISTE Press - Elsevier|Agent-Based Spatial Simulation with NetLogo Volume 1|Banos, Arnaud and Lang, Christophe and Marilleau, Nicolas|9781785480553\\n2013|Bentham Science Publishers|Agent-based Computational Economics using NetLogo|Damaceanu, Romulus-Catalin|9781608054893\\n2018|Bentham Science Publishers|Agent-based Computational Economics using NetLogo|Damaceanu, Romulus Catalin|9781608056385",
    "githubLanguage": "NetLogo",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2017|Improving Execution Speed of Models Implemented in NetLogo|10.18564/JASSS.3282|31|1|S. Railsback and D. Ayllón and U. Berger and V. Grimm and S. Lytinen and C. Sheppard and Jan C. Thiele|f1ab7b2481d60041c4aceae24841a2cee7a8e3ed\\n2018|PyNetLogo: Linking NetLogo with Python|10.18564/jasss.3668|29|2|M. Jaxa-Rozen and J. Kwakkel|052a2b1231dcc08071a2a9a96ed8e7b4177e1a30\\n2015|Fuzzy Logic for Social Simulation Using NetLogo|10.18564/jasss.2885|25|0|L. Izquierdo and D. Olaru and S. Izquierdo and S. Purchase and G. Soutar|5bb0537eb0502408528c9cbbafb22c70ab9dd684\\n2015|Extracting OWL Ontologies from Agent-Based Models: A Netlogo Extension|10.18564/jasss.2810|13|2|J. Gareth Polhill|80230019782bf7408c482bc57efd66630024fdae\\n2012|NetLogo — An alternative way of simulating mobile ad hoc networks|10.1109/WMNC.2012.6416163|9|0|Miroslav Babis and P. Magula|1037a275f7ed01bd6050cb439982194c3b0ef6de\\n2015|An agent-based simulation of a release process for encapsulated flavour using the NetLogo platform|10.1002/FFJ.3234|7|0|M. Zandi and M. Mohebbi|922a7bdd88741781baf8d8504392e22c6d806c4d\\n2020|LevelSpace: A NetLogo Extension for Multi-Level Agent-Based Modeling|10.18564/jasss.4130|6|0|A. Hjorth and Bryan Head and C. Brady and U. Wilensky|a44458e7303525a64f1ed72eb6f24d66bef7b328\\n2012|An Introduction to the NetLogo Modeling Environment|10.1007/978-1-4614-1257-1_3|3|0|D. Stigberg|ad2c584049fe38277ccd1aa3f2fbaaa6444c26b6\\n2015|Мультиагентное моделирование в среде NetLogo|10.12731/2306-1561-2015-1-2|1|0|Konstantin Nikolaevich Mezencev|785b7e13308b0b9e23f5a8fc79436c8daa0ddb2f\\n2016|HLogo: A Haskell STM-Based Parallel Variant of NetLogo|10.1007/978-3-319-69832-8_7|1|0|Nikolaos Bezirgiannis and I. Prasetya and I. Sakellariou|12db86f6a9cbc5175baf0b7e53424a8f5382b919"
  },
  {
    "id": "dot",
    "name": "DOT",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "creators": "Emden R. Gansner and Eleftherios Koutsofios and Stephen North",
    "measurements": 27,
    "tags": "diagramLang",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 191,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 24352,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 7,
    "inboundLinks": "d2 fcl flowchart-fun flowgorithm fsl mscgen workfl",
    "primaryTag": "diagramLang",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 67,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 68,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 27831,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.dot",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 47,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2005,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2015,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 2,
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    "aka": "Graphviz DOT",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "graphviz.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2007,
    "wikipedia_related": "javascript java python google-cloud actionscript svg",
    "wikipedia_summary": "DOT is a plain text graph description language. DOT graphs are typically files with the file extension gv or dot. The extension gv is preferred to avoid confusion with the extension dot used by early (pre-2007) versions of Microsoft Word. Various programs can process DOT files. Some, such as dot, neato, twopi, circo, fdp, and sfdp, can read a DOT file and render it in graphical form. Others, such as gvpr, gc, acyclic, ccomps, sccmap, and tred, read DOT files and perform calculations on the represented graph. Finally, others, such as lefty, dotty, and grappa, provide an interactive interface. The GVedit tool combines a text editor with noninteractive image viewer. Most programs are part of the Graphviz package or use it internally.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 312,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 44,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 268,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 571341,
    "lab": "AT&T",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "dot gv",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "gv dot",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1780,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 32,
    "numberOfCreators": 3,
    "docs": "https://graphviz.org/doc/info/lang.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 2930,
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/dot",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.graphviz.org/pdf/dotguide.pdf",
    "example": " // The graph name and the semicolons are optional graph graphname {     a -- b -- c;     b -- d; }",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "/*   Huffman Tree DOT graph.    DOT Reference :  http://www.graphviz.org/doc/info/lang.html                    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOT_language   Timestamp     :  1415989074   Phrase        :  'OH GOD WHY IS LINGUIST SO ANAL ABOUT THIS STUFF'    Generated on http://huffman.ooz.ie/ */  digraph G {     edge [label=0];     graph [ranksep=0];     T [shape=record, label=\"{{T|4}|000}\"];     S [shape=record, label=\"{{S|5}|001}\"];     SPACE [shape=record, label=\"{{SPACE|9}|01}\"];     A [shape=record, label=\"{{A|3}|1000}\"];     H [shape=record, label=\"{{H|3}|1001}\"];     U [shape=record, label=\"{{U|3}|1010}\"];     L [shape=record, label=\"{{L|2}|10110}\"];     N [shape=record, label=\"{{N|2}|10111}\"];     I [shape=record, label=\"{{I|4}|1100}\"];     O [shape=record, label=\"{{O|4}|1101}\"];     G [shape=record, label=\"{{G|2}|11100}\"];     F [shape=record, label=\"{{F|2}|11101}\"];     GF [label=4];     W [shape=record, label=\"{{W|1}|111100}\"];     Y [shape=record, label=\"{{Y|1}|111101}\"];     B [shape=record, label=\"{{B|1}|111110}\"];     D [shape=record, label=\"{{D|1}|111111}\"];     BD [label=2];     WYBD [label=4];     GFWYBD [label=8];     47 -> 18 -> 9 -> T;     29 -> 13 -> 6 -> A;     7 -> U;     4 -> L;     16 -> 8 -> I;     GFWYBD -> GF -> G;     WYBD -> 2 -> W;     BD -> B;9 -> S [label=1];     18 -> SPACE [label=1];     6 -> H [label=1];     13 -> 7 -> 4 -> N [label=1];     8 -> O [label=1];     GF -> F [label=1];     2 -> Y [label=1];     47 -> 29 -> 16 -> GFWYBD -> WYBD -> BD -> D [label=1]; }",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Graphviz",
    "wikipedia_example": "digraph g {  node [shape=plaintext];  A1 -> B1;  A2 -> B2;  A3 -> B3;    A1 -> A2 [label=f];  A2 -> A3 [label=g];  B2 -> B3 [label=\"g'\"];  B1 -> B3 [label=\"(g o f)'\" tailport=s headport=s];   { rank=same; A1 A2 A3 }  { rank=same; B1 B2 B3 } }",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "jupyterKernel": "https://github.com/laixintao/jupyter-dot-kernel",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOT_(graph_description_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 4,
    "githubBigQuery": "Graphviz (DOT)",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/graphviz.tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "Graphviz (DOT)",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1991|Inductive Synthesis of Dot Expressions|10.1007/BFb0019359|7|0|A. Brazma|a1520814a1aff34ac9ea7a16d9d9c64250c8c09d\\n2011|Model Development of Quantum Dot Devices for γ Radiation Detection Using Block Diagram Programming|10.1115/1.4004313|2|0|I. Mahmoud and M. S. Eltokhy and H. A. Konber|f119557bdc00629d096c6371491dad70ab121040\\n2020|ιDOT: a DOT calculus with object initialization|10.1145/3428276|2|0|Ifaz Kabir and Yufeng Li and O. Lhoták|034a622c61502bd23bea51fa4f6e276bb13608b2\\n2011|Block diagram modeling of quantum dot infrared photodetectors|10.1117/1.3626209|1|0|M. S. Eltokhy and I. Mahmoud and H. A. Konber|6477630862ef4abf2fba888a17f9f3961db93374"
  },
  {
    "id": "moonscript",
    "name": "MoonScript",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "measurements": 36,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://moonscript.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v0.5.0",
    "rank": 192,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "writtenInCount": 6,
    "pldbScore": 24350,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/leafo/moonscript",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 276,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 359,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 818,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_interpreters": "moon",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.moonscript",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
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    "githubRepo_forks": 190,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "m/Moonscript.moon",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 26,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2011,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2015,
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "scripting.py",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2011,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 855,
    "repoStats_committers": 38,
    "repoStats_files": 160,
    "repoStats_mb": 4,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 11996,
    "webRepl": "http://moonscript.org/compiler/",
    "lab": "https://github.com/leafo/moonscript/issues",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "moon",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "moon",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "moon",
    "writtenIn": "lua markdown yaml make bourne-shell c",
    "compilesTo": "lua",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 3976,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 48,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#moonscript",
    "docs": "https://moonscript.org/reference/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:MoonScript",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "class Thing   name: \"unknown\"  class Person extends Thing   say_name: => print \"Hello, I am #{@name}!\"  with Person!   .name = \"MoonScript\"   \\say_name!",
    "leachim6_example": "print 'Hello World' ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": " types = require \"moonscript.types\" util = require \"moonscript.util\" data = require \"moonscript.data\"  import reversed, unpack from util import ntype, mtype, build, smart_node, is_slice, value_is_singular from types import insert from table import NameProxy, LocalName from require \"moonscript.transform.names\"  destructure = require \"moonscript.transform.destructure\"  local implicitly_return  class Run   new: (@fn) =>     self[1] = \"run\"    call: (state) =>     self.fn state  -- transform the last stm is a list of stms -- will puke on group apply_to_last = (stms, fn) ->   -- find last (real) exp   last_exp_id = 0   for i = #stms, 1, -1     stm = stms[i]     if stm and mtype(stm) != Run       last_exp_id = i       break    return for i, stm in ipairs stms     if i == last_exp_id       fn stm     else       stm  -- is a body a sindle expression/statement is_singular = (body) ->   return false if #body != 1   if \"group\" == ntype body     is_singular body[2]   else     true  find_assigns = (body, out={}) ->   for thing in *body     switch thing[1]       when \"group\"         find_assigns thing[2], out       when \"assign\"         table.insert out, thing[2] -- extract names   out  hoist_declarations = (body) ->   assigns = {}    -- hoist the plain old assigns   for names in *find_assigns body     for name in *names       table.insert assigns, name if type(name) == \"string\"    -- insert after runs   idx = 1   while mtype(body[idx]) == Run do idx += 1    table.insert body, idx, {\"declare\", assigns}  expand_elseif_assign = (ifstm) ->   for i = 4, #ifstm     case = ifstm[i]     if ntype(case) == \"elseif\" and ntype(case[2]) == \"assign\"       split = { unpack ifstm, 1, i - 1 }       insert split, {         \"else\", {           {\"if\", case[2], case[3], unpack ifstm, i + 1}         }       }       return split    ifstm  constructor_name = \"new\"  with_continue_listener = (body) ->   continue_name = nil   {     Run =>       @listen \"continue\", ->         unless continue_name",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "MoonScript",
    "leachim6": "Moonscript",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/leafo/moonscript",
    "lineCommentToken": "--",
    "printToken": "print",
    "stringToken": "'",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "moonscript.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "MoonScript",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/leafo/moonscript-tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "MoonScript"
  },
  {
    "id": "restructuredtext",
    "name": "reStructuredText",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "creators": "David Goodger",
    "measurements": 23,
    "tags": "textMarkup",
    "foundationScore": 131,
    "rank": 193,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 24341,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 131,
    "inboundLinks": "abcl-lang ace ail arrow-format asciidots asdf astroml avi-synth bazel berry blender-app chatterbot cir clash cloc cmake coconut codeql common-workflow-language coq couchdb cryptol curv differential-datalog djangoql dlvm docopt easybuild ecl edgedb egison elpi emscripten f-prime factor fardlang felix fish flatline futhark ghc hcl hhvm highlightjs hobbes htsql hy idio idris impala invokator iterm2 jeeves jinja k-framework leo-editor lift links-programming-language linux loci manim mathics matplotlib metalang99 mgmt michelson micropython mimium minilang minizinc mochi mongodb monte myia mys nestedtext netbeans-editor nim nimskull nltk nodejs nulan numba nylo obsidian-lang ooc open-shading-language pact pan pandas paraview parboiled2 phorth php pygments pyth python pytorch redprl ricscript rita robotframework roy saltstack scikit-learn scipy seq skulpt snowball-programming-language solidity sophie sqlalchemy squirrel stencil swift sympy tiledb tornado triton twtxt ultralisp-pm vale-assembly volt vyper wiredtiger xarray xgboost-model xgboost xlwings-editor yara yeti",
    "primaryTag": "textMarkup",
    "githubLanguage_repos": 31,
    "githubLanguage_wrap": true,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "rst",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "rst",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-rst",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "text.restructuredtext",
    "githubLanguage_type": "prose",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "r/reStructuredText.rst",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 101,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 16,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "markup.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2002,
    "wikipedia_related": "rest java pod perl python cmake markdown org textile html asciidoc txt2tags",
    "wikipedia_summary": "reStructuredText (sometimes abbreviated as RST, ReST, or reST) is a file format for textual data used primarily in the Python programming language community for technical documentation. It is part of the Docutils project of the Python Doc-SIG (Documentation Special Interest Group), aimed at creating a set of tools for Python similar to Javadoc for Java or POD for Perl. Docutils can extract comments and information from Python programs, and format them into various forms of program documentation. In this sense, reStructuredText is a lightweight markup language designed to be both (a) processable by documentation-processing software such as Docutils, and (b) easily readable by human programmers who are reading and writing Python source code.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 161,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 56,
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    "docs": "https://docs.zephir-lang.com/0.12/en/welcome",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "/**  * CBLOCK tests  * asfas  */  %{ // top statement before namespace, add to after headers #define MAX_FACTOR 40 }%  namespace Test;  %{ // top statement before class, add to after headers // test include .h #include \"kernel/require.h\" }%  %{  // c implement fibonacci static long fibonacci(long n) {         if (n < 2) return n;         else return fibonacci(n - 2) + fibonacci(n - 1); }  }%  class Cblock {     public function testCblock1()     {         int a = 0;          %{             a = MAX_FACTOR;         }%          return a;     }      public function testCblock2()     {             long a = 0;              %{                 a = fibonacci(MAX_FACTOR);             }%              return a;     }  } ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Zephir",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/zephirlang",
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    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/phalcon/zephir-sublime",
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    "id": "m4",
    "name": "M4",
    "appeared": 1977,
    "creators": "Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie",
    "measurements": 28,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 76,
    "rank": 206,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "m/M4.m4",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "m4 is a general-purpose macro processor included in all UNIX-like operating systems, and is a component of the POSIX standard. The language was designed by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie for the original versions of UNIX. It is an extension of an earlier macro processor m3, written by Ritchie for the AP-3 minicomputer. The macro preprocessor operates as a text-replacement tool. It is employed to re-use text templates, typically in computer programming applications, but also in text editing and text-processing applications. Most users require m4 as a dependency of GNU autoconf.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 99,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 256,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 200,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 625653,
    "lab": "Bell Labs",
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    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:M4",
    "ubuntuPackage": "m4",
    "country": "United States",
    "helloWorldCollection": "# Hello World for the m4 macro processor Hello ",
    "leachim6_example": "Hello",
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    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/m4",
    "rijuRepl_example": "errprint(`Hello, world!') ",
    "wikipedia_example": "<HTML> <h2>1. First Section</h2> <h2>2. Second Section</h2> <h2>3. Conclusion</h2> </HTML>",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n16-03-2016|Packt Publishing|ARM® Cortex® M4 Cookbook|Dr. Mark Fisher|9781782176510\\n20171016|Springer Nature|Getting Started with Tiva ARM Cortex M4 Microcontrollers|Dhananjay V. Gadre; Sarthak Gupta|9788132237662",
    "githubLanguage": "M4"
  },
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    "id": "pig",
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    "measurements": 30,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "website": "https://pig.apache.org/",
    "foundationScore": 3,
    "rank": 207,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 24308,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "jvm.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2008,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Apache Pig is a high-level platform for creating programs that run on Apache Hadoop. The language for this platform is called Pig Latin.  Pig can execute its Hadoop jobs in MapReduce, Apache Tez, or Apache Spark.  Pig Latin abstracts the programming from the Java MapReduce idiom into a notation which makes MapReduce programming high level, similar to that of SQL for relational database management systems. Pig Latin can be extended using user-defined functions (UDFs) which the user can write in Java, Python, JavaScript, Ruby or Groovy and then call directly from the language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 29417433,
    "lab": "Apache Software Foundation",
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    "leachim6_example": "Hello WorldPIGHello World ",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Pig",
    "wikipedia_example": "input_lines = LOAD '/tmp/my-copy-of-all-pages-on-internet' AS (line:chararray);    -- Extract words from each line and put them into a pig bag  -- datatype, then flatten the bag to get one word on each row  words = FOREACH input_lines GENERATE FLATTEN(TOKENIZE(line)) AS word;    -- filter out any words that are just white spaces  filtered_words = FILTER words BY word MATCHES '\\\\w+';    -- create a group for each word  word_groups = GROUP filtered_words BY word;    -- count the entries in each group  word_count = FOREACH word_groups GENERATE COUNT(filtered_words) AS count, group AS word;    -- order the records by count  ordered_word_count = ORDER word_count BY count DESC;  STORE ordered_word_count INTO '/tmp/number-of-words-on-internet';",
    "leachim6": "Pig",
    "lineCommentToken": "--",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Pig",
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    "domainName": "pig.apache.org",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/goblindegook/sublime-text-pig-latin",
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  {
    "id": "logo",
    "name": "Logo",
    "appeared": 1967,
    "measurements": 25,
    "tags": "pl simulation",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "exampleCount": 2,
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    "hoplId": 291,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "l/Logo.lg",
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    "wikipedia_related": "starlogo netlogo smalltalk etoys scratch rebol lisp trs-80-color-computer objectlogo acornsoft-logo python jquery squeak",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Logo is an educational programming language, designed in 1967 by Wally Feurzeig, Seymour Papert and Cynthia Solomon. \"Logo\" is not an acronym. It was derived from the Greek logos meaning word or \"thought\" by Feurzeig, to distinguish itself from other programming languages that were primarily numbers, not graphics or logic, oriented. A general-purpose language, Logo is widely known for its use of turtle graphics, in which commands for movement and drawing produced line graphics either on screen or with a small robot called a turtle. The language was conceived to teach concepts of programming related to Lisp and only later to enable what Papert called \"body-syntonic reasoning\", where students could understand, predict and reason about the turtle's motion by imagining what they would do if they were the turtle. There are substantial differences among the many dialects of Logo, and the situation is confused by the regular appearance of turtle-graphics programs that call themselves Logo. Logo is a multi-paradigm adaptation and dialect of Lisp, a functional programming language. There is no standard Logo, but UCBLogo has the best facilities for handling lists, files, I/O, and recursion in scripts, and can be used to teach all computer science concepts, as UC Berkeley lecturer Brian Harvey did in his Computer Science Logo Style trilogy. Logo is usually an interpreted language, although there have been developed compiled Logo dialects (such as Lhogho and Liogo). Logo is not case-sensitive but retains the case used for formatting.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 575,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 229,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1360,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 18334,
    "lab": "MIT",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "lg",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 27,
    "docs": "https://el.media.mit.edu/logo-foundation/what_is_logo/logo_programming.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 1154,
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/logo/logo",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Logo",
    "country": "United States",
    "projectEuler": "Logo",
    "helloWorldCollection": "; Hello World in Logo  DRUCKEZEILE [Hello World!] ",
    "leachim6_example": "print [Hello World] ",
    "leachim6": "Logo",
    "lineCommentToken": ";",
    "printToken": "print",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 40,
    "paperCount": 20,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=291",
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    "facebook": "https://www.facebook.com/YourOwn3DSoftware/",
    "leachim6_example": "import Blender from Blender import Scene, Text3d  text = Text3d.New(\"Text\") text.setText(\"Hello World\") Scene.GetCurrent().objects.new(text) Blender.Redraw()",
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    "helloWorldCollection": "' Hello World in VBScript (Windows Scripting Host) msgbox \"Hello, World!\" ",
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    "id": "janet",
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    "description": "The MLIR project is a novel approach to building reusable and extensible compiler infrastructure. MLIR aims to address software fragmentation, improve compilation for heterogeneous hardware, significantly reduce the cost of building domain specific compilers, and aid in connecting existing compilers together.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "QML (Qt Modeling Language) is a user interface markup language. It is a declarative language (similar to CSS and JSON) for designing user interface–centric applications. Inline JavaScript code handles imperative aspects. It is associated with Qt Quick, the UI creation kit originally developed by Nokia within the Qt framework. Qt Quick is often used for mobile applications where touch input, fluid animations (60 FPS) and user experience are crucial. QML is also used with Qt3D to describe a 3D scene and a \"frame graph\" rendering methodology. A QML document describes a hierarchical object tree. QML modules shipped with Qt include primitive graphical building blocks (e.g., Rectangle, Image), modeling components (e.g., FolderListModel, XmlListModel), behavioral components (e.g., TapHandler, DragHandler, State, Transition, Animation), and more complex controls (e.g., Button, Slider, Drawer, Menu). These elements can be combined to build components ranging in complexity from simple buttons and sliders, to complete internet-enabled programs. QML elements can be augmented by standard JavaScript both inline and via included .js files.  Elements can also be seamlessly integrated and extended by C++ components using the Qt framework. QML is the language; its JavaScript runtime is the custom V4 engine, since Qt 5.2; and Qt Quick is the 2D scene graph and the UI framework based on it. These are all part of the Qt Declarative module, while the technology is no longer called Qt Declarative. QML and JavaScript code can be compiled into native C++ binaries with the Qt Quick Compiler.  Alternatively there is a QML cache file format which stores a compiled version of QML dynamically for faster startup the next time it is run.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 182,
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    "lab": "Qt Group plc",
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    "docs": "https://doc.qt.io/qt-6/qtqml-documents-topic.html",
    "fileType": "text",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "/**************************************************************************** ** ** Copyright (C) 2015 The Qt Company Ltd. ** Contact: http://www.qt.io/licensing ** ** This file is part of the Qt Build Suite. ** ** Commercial License Usage ** Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in ** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the ** Software or, alternatively, in accordance with the terms contained in ** a written agreement between you and The Qt Company. For licensing terms and ** conditions see http://www.qt.io/terms-conditions. For further information ** use the contact form at http://www.qt.io/contact-us. ** ** GNU Lesser General Public License Usage ** Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Lesser ** General Public License version 2.1 or version 3 as published by the Free ** Software Foundation and appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPLv21 and ** LICENSE.LGPLv3 included in the packaging of this file.  Please review the ** following information to ensure the GNU Lesser General Public License ** requirements will be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html and ** http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/lgpl-2.1.html. ** ** In addition, as a special exception, The Qt Company gives you certain additional ** rights.  These rights are described in The Qt Company LGPL Exception ** version 1.1, included in the file LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt in this package. ** ****************************************************************************/  import qbs 1.0 import qbs.FileInfo import qbs.ModUtils  Module {     property string buildVariant: \"debug\"     property bool enableDebugCode: buildVariant == \"debug\"     property bool debugInformation: (buildVariant == \"debug\")     property string optimization: (buildVariant == \"debug\" ? \"none\" : \"fast\")     readonly property stringList hostOS: undefined // set internally     property string hostOSVersion: {         if (hostOS && hostOS.contains(\"osx\")) {             return getNativeSetting(\"/System/Library/CoreServices/ServerVersion.plist\", \"ProductVersion\") ||                    getNativeSetting(\"/System/Library/CoreServices/SystemVersion.plist\", \"ProductVersion\");         } else if (hostOS && hostOS.contains(\"windows\")) {             var version = getNativeSetting(\"HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\\\Software\\\\Microsoft\\\\Windows NT\\\\CurrentVersion\", \"CurrentVersion\");             return version + \".\" + hostOSBuildVersion;         }     }      property string hostOSBuildVersion: {         if (hostOS.contains(\"osx\")) {             return getNativeSetting(\"/System/Library/CoreServices/ServerVersion.plist\", \"ProductBuildVersion\") ||                    getNativeSetting(\"/System/Library/CoreServices/SystemVersion.plist\", \"ProductBuildVersion\");         } else if (hostOS.contains(\"windows\")) {             return getNativeSetting(\"HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\\\Software\\\\Microsoft\\\\Windows NT\\\\CurrentVersion\", \"CurrentBuildNumber\");         }     }      readonly property var hostOSVersionParts: hostOSVersion ? hostOSVersion.split('.').map(function(item) { return parseInt(item, 10); }) : []     readonly property int hostOSVersionMajor: hostOSVersionParts[0] || 0     readonly property int hostOSVersionMinor: hostOSVersionParts[1] || 0     readonly property int hostOSVersionPatch: hostOSVersionParts[2] || 0      property stringList targetOS: hostOS     property string pathListSeparator: hostOS.contains(\"windows\") ? \";\" : \":\"     property string pathSeparator: hostOS.contains(\"windows\") ? \"\\\\\" : \"/\"     property string profile     property stringList toolchain     property string architecture     property bool install: false     property string installSourceBase     readonly property string installRoot: undefined     property string installDir     property string installPrefix: \"\"     property path sysroot      PropertyOptions {         name: \"buildVariant\"         allowedValues: ['debug', 'release']         description: \"name of the build variant\"     }      PropertyOptions {         name: \"optimization\"         allowedValues: ['none', 'fast', 'small']         description: \"optimization level\"     }      validate: {         var validator = new ModUtils.PropertyValidator(\"qbs\");         validator.setRequiredProperty(\"architecture\", architecture,                                       \"you might want to re-run 'qbs-setup-toolchains'\");         validator.setRequiredProperty(\"hostOS\", hostOS);         validator.setRequiredProperty(\"targetOS\", targetOS);         if (hostOS && (hostOS.contains(\"windows\") || hostOS.contains(\"osx\"))) {             validator.setRequiredProperty(\"hostOSVersion\", hostOSVersion,                                           \"could not detect host operating system version; \" +                                           \"verify that system files and registry keys have not \" +                                           \"been modified.\");             if (hostOSVersion)                 validator.addVersionValidator(\"hostOSVersion\", hostOSVersion, 2, 4);              validator.setRequiredProperty(\"hostOSBuildVersion\", hostOSBuildVersion,                                           \"could not detect host operating system build version; \" +                                           \"verify that system files or registry have not been \" +                                           \"tampered with.\");         }          validator.addCustomValidator(\"architecture\", architecture, function (value) {             return architecture === canonicalArchitecture(architecture);         }, \"'\" + architecture + \"' is invalid. You must use the canonical name '\" +         canonicalArchitecture(architecture) + \"'\");          validator.validate();     }      // private properties     property var commonRunEnvironment: {         var env = {};         if (targetOS.contains(\"windows\")) {             env[\"PATH\"] = [                 FileInfo.joinPaths(installRoot, installPrefix)             ];         } else if (hostOS.contains(\"darwin\") && targetOS.contains(\"darwin\")) {             env[\"DYLD_FRAMEWORK_PATH\"] = [                 FileInfo.joinPaths(installRoot, installPrefix, \"Library\", \"Frameworks\"),                 FileInfo.joinPaths(installRoot, installPrefix, \"lib\"),                 FileInfo.joinPaths(installRoot, installPrefix)             ].join(pathListSeparator);              env[\"DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH\"] = [                 FileInfo.joinPaths(installRoot, installPrefix, \"lib\"),                 FileInfo.joinPaths(installRoot, installPrefix, \"Library\", \"Frameworks\"),                 FileInfo.joinPaths(installRoot, installPrefix)             ].join(pathListSeparator);              if (targetOS.contains(\"ios-simulator\") && sysroot) {                 env[\"DYLD_ROOT_PATH\"] = [sysroot];             }         } else if (hostOS.contains(\"unix\") && targetOS.contains(\"unix\")) {             env[\"LD_LIBRARY_PATH\"] = [                 FileInfo.joinPaths(installRoot, installPrefix, \"lib\")             ];         }          return env;     }      // internal properties     readonly property string version: [versionMajor, versionMinor, versionPatch].join(\".\")     readonly property int versionMajor: undefined // set internally     readonly property int versionMinor: undefined // set internally     readonly property int versionPatch: undefined // set internally } ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "QML",
    "wikipedia_example": "MouseArea {      onPressed: console.log(\"mouse button pressed\")  }",
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    "hasComments": true,
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    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QML",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "QML",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/skozlovf/Sublime-QML",
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    "id": "d3",
    "name": "D3.js",
    "appeared": 2010,
    "creators": "Mike Bostock",
    "measurements": 18,
    "tags": "library",
    "website": "https://d3js.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "7.9.0",
    "rank": 226,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 9,
    "pldbScore": 24255,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/d3/d3",
    "primaryTag": "library",
    "githubRepo_created": 2010,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2010,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 3633,
    "githubRepo_forks": 22875,
    "githubRepo_stars": 108187,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2010,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 4841,
    "repoStats_committers": 153,
    "repoStats_files": 175,
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    "domainName_registered": 2011,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2011,
    "wikipedia_related": "javascript svg css actionscript html json csv geojson jquery",
    "wikipedia_summary": "D3.js (or just D3 for Data-Driven Documents) is a JavaScript library for producing dynamic, interactive data visualizations in web browsers. It makes use of the widely implemented SVG, HTML5, and CSS standards. It is the successor to the earlier Protovis framework. In contrast to many other libraries, D3.js allows great control over the final visual result. Its development was noted in 2011, as version 2.0.0 was released in August 2011.D3.js is used on hundreds of thousands of websites. Some popular uses include creating interactive graphics for online news websites, information dashboards for viewing data, and producing maps from GIS map making data. In addition, the exportable nature of SVG enables graphics created by D3 to be used in print publications.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2012,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 275,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 92,
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    "lab": "https://github.com/d3",
    "writtenIn": "markdown javascript json typescript yaml csv bourne-shell css svg",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 178362,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 28,
    "related": "observable-lang",
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    "latestMajorVersion": 7,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/d3js_org",
    "wikipedia_example": "// Data   var countriesData = [      { name:\"Ireland\",  income:53000, life: 78, pop:6378, color: \"black\"},      { name:\"Norway\",   income:73000, life: 87, pop:5084, color: \"blue\" },      { name:\"Tanzania\", income:27000, life: 50, pop:3407, color: \"grey\" }   ]; // Create SVG container   var svg = d3.select(\"#hook\").append(\"svg\")         .attr(\"width\", 120)         .attr(\"height\", 120)         .style(\"background-color\", \"#D0D0D0\"); // Create SVG elements from data     svg.selectAll(\"circle\")                  // create virtual circle template       .data(countriesData)                   // bind data     .enter()                                 // for each row in data...       .append(\"circle\")                      // bind circle & data row such that...         .attr(\"id\", function(d) { return d.name })            // set the circle's id according to the country name         .attr(\"cx\", function(d) { return d.income / 1000  })  // set the circle's horizontal position according to income         .attr(\"cy\", function(d) { return d.life })            // set the circle's vertical position according to life expectancy         .attr(\"r\",  function(d) { return d.pop / 1000 *2 })   // set the circle's radius according to country's population         .attr(\"fill\", function(d) { return d.color });        // set the circle's color according to country's color",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/d3/d3",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D3.js",
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  {
    "id": "pl-sql",
    "name": "PL/SQL",
    "appeared": 1991,
    "measurements": 33,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 227,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 24251,
    "hoplId": 7323,
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    "githubBigQuery_users": 6008,
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "sql",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "sql",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-plsql",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "none",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "p/PL∕SQL.pls",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 8,
    "meetup_memberCount": 78458,
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    "aka": "PLSQL",
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    "wikipedia_related": "sql transact-sql postgresql plpgsql sql-psm object-pascal free-pascal java sqlite sqlpl",
    "wikipedia_summary": "PL/SQL (Procedural Language/Structured Query Language) is Oracle Corporation's procedural extension for SQL and the Oracle relational database. PL/SQL is available in Oracle Database (since version 6 - stored pl/sql procedures/functions/packages/triggers since version 7), TimesTen in-memory database (since version 11.2.1), and IBM DB2 (since version 9.7). Oracle Corporation usually extends PL/SQL functionality with each successive release of the Oracle Database. PL/SQL includes procedural language elements such as conditions and loops. It allows declaration of constants and variables, procedures and functions, types and variables of those types, and triggers. It can handle exceptions (runtime errors). Arrays are supported involving the use of PL/SQL collections. Implementations from version 8 of Oracle Database onwards have included features associated with object-orientation. One can create PL/SQL units such as procedures, functions, packages, types, and triggers, which are stored in the database for reuse by applications that use any of the Oracle Database programmatic interfaces.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 427,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 432,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1056,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 33862363,
    "lab": "Oracle",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "pls bdy ddl fnc pck pkb pks plb plsql prc spc sql tpb tps trg vw",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "pls",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2355,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 2972,
    "exercism": "https://exercism.org/tracks/pl",
    "expandedMeasurements": 38,
    "docs": "https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/LNPLS/toc.htm",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/sql/plsql",
    "country": "United States",
    "helloWorldCollection": "-- Hello World in Oracle PL/SQL (sqlplus)  set serveroutput on  begin   dbms_output.enable(10000);   dbms_output.put_line('Hello World'); end; / ",
    "leachim6_example": "BEGIN   dbms_output.put_line('Hello World'); END; / ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "create or replace procedure print_bool(     p_bool in BOOLEAN,     p_true_value in varchar2 default 'TRUE',     p_false_value in varchar2 := 'FALSE' ) as begin      dbms_output.put_line(case when p_bool then p_true_value else p_false_value end);  end print_bool; / ",
    "wikipedia_example": "DECLARE   CURSOR cursor_person IS     SELECT person_code FROM people_table; BEGIN   FOR RecordIndex IN cursor_person   LOOP     DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(recordIndex.person_code);   END LOOP; END;",
    "leachim6": "PL∕SQL",
    "meetup": "https://www.meetup.com/topics/oracle",
    "lineCommentToken": "--",
    "printToken": "dbms_output.put_line",
    "stringToken": "'",
    "booleanTokens": "TRUE FALSE",
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PL/SQL",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=7323",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/sql.tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "PLSQL",
    "indeedJobs": "pl/sql developer",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nAdvanced Plsql Programming: The Definitive Reference||Boobal Ganesan|58532308|0.0|0|0\\nOracle SQL: Sql-Plsql Concepts, Queries & Tips for All Database Developers & Programmers||Niraj Gupta|55220774|0.0|0|1\\n100 Plus SQL and PLSQL Tips: Useful for Beginner's and Experienced Database Programmers and Developers|2014|Niraj Gupta|45930441|4.00|5|0\\nData-Centric Programming Languages: Mumps, Microsoft Access, Plsql, Transact-SQL, IBM RPG, Visual FoxPro, Jade, K||Source Wikipedia|59365714|0.0|0|0\\nOracle: Oracle Adf, Sun Microsystems, Plsql, Oracle Rac, Larry Ellison, Jdeveloper, BMW Oracle Racing, SQL Developer||Quelle Wikipedia|54064120|0.0|0|0"
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    "id": "eve",
    "name": "Eve",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "creators": "Chris Granger and Rob Attorri and Jamie Brandon and Josh Cole and Corey Montella",
    "measurements": 23,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://witheve.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.3.0-preview5",
    "rank": 228,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 8,
    "pldbScore": 24250,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/witheve/Eve",
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    "githubRepo_subscribers": 195,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 7153,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2016,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2018,
    "repoStats_commits": 3250,
    "repoStats_committers": 45,
    "repoStats_files": 71,
    "repoStats_mb": 10,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 25246,
    "webRepl": "http://play.witheve.com/#/examples/quickstart.eve",
    "domainName_registered": 2014,
    "lab": "https://github.com/witheve",
    "writtenIn": "typescript css javascript markdown json html yaml dockerfile",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 7968,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 36,
    "numberOfCreators": 5,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 5008,
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "// People older than 30 [#person age > 30] // The same as above [#person age] age > 30 // Also the same as above people = [#person]",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/with_eve",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/witheve/Eve",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "hasComments": true,
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    "domainName": "witheve.com"
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  {
    "id": "yara",
    "name": "YARA",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "creators": "Victor M. Alvarez",
    "measurements": 21,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://virustotal.github.io/yara/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v4.5.1",
    "rank": 229,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "writtenInCount": 18,
    "pldbScore": 24248,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/VirusTotal/yara",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 21,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
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    "standsFor": "Yet Another Recursive Acronym",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2008,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 3401,
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    "wikipedia_related": "perl regex elf",
    "wikipedia_summary": "YARA is the name of a tool primarily used in malware research and detection. It provides a rule-based approach to create descriptions of malware families based on textual or binary patterns. A description is essentially a Yara rule name, where these rules consist of sets of strings and a boolean expression. The language used has traits of Perl compatible regular expressions.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 106,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 5,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 27,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 26289898,
    "description": "YARA is a tool aimed at (but not limited to) helping malware researchers to identify and classify malware samples. With YARA you can create descriptions of malware families (or whatever you want to describe) based on textual or binary patterns. Each description, a.k.a rule, consists of a set of strings and a boolean expression which determine its logic.",
    "githubRepo_description": "YARA is a tool aimed at (but not limited to) helping malware researchers to identify and classify malware samples. With YARA you can create descriptions of malware families (or whatever you want to describe) based on textual or binary patterns. Each description, a.k.a rule, consists of a set of strings and a boolean expression which determine its logic.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "YARA is a tool aimed at (but not limited to) helping malware researchers to identify and classify malware samples. With YARA you can create descriptions of malware families (or whatever you want to describe) based on textual or binary patterns. Each description, a.k.a rule, consists of a set of strings and a boolean expression which determine its logic.",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "yar yara",
    "writtenIn": "c restructuredtext xml cpp starlark yaml markdown bourne-shell yacc lex bazel protobuf m4 make javascript svg html python",
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    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 4,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/yara",
    "example": "rule silent_banker : banker {     meta:         description = \"This is just an example\"         threat_level = 3         in_the_wild = true      strings:         $a = {6A 40 68 00 30 00 00 6A 14 8D 91}         $b = {8D 4D B0 2B C1 83 C0 27 99 6A 4E 59 F7 F9}         $c = \"UVODFRYSIHLNWPEJXQZAKCBGMT\"      condition:         $a or $b or $c }",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "rule test { condition: true } ",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/VirusTotal/yara",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YARA",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 2884,
    "expandedMeasurements": 25,
    "docs": "https://nginx.org/en/docs/ https://devdocs.io/nginx/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "codeMirror": "nginx",
    "country": "Russia",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# Move the www people to no-www server {   listen 80;   server_name www.example.com;   return 301 $scheme://example.com$request_uri; }  server {   listen 80;   listen 443 ssl;   server_name example.com;    # Certs sent to the client in SERVER HELLO are concatenated in ssl_certificate   ssl_certificate /srv/www/example.com/ssl/example.com.crt;   ssl_certificate_key /srv/www/example.com/ssl/example.com.key;      # Allow multiple connections to use the same key data   ssl_session_timeout 5m;   ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;      # Diffie-Hellman parameter for DHE ciphersuites, recommended 2048 bits   ssl_dhparam /etc/ssl/certs/dhparam.pem;    # Intermediate configuration. tweak to your needs   ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;   include snippets/ssl_ciphers_intermediate.conf;   ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;    # HSTS (ngx_http_headers_module is required) (15768000 seconds = 6 months)   #add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=15768000;    # OCSP Stapling - fetch OCSP records from URL in ssl_certificate and cache them   ssl_stapling on;   ssl_stapling_verify on;    # Verify chain of trust of OCSP response using Root CA and Intermediate certs   ssl_trusted_certificate /srv/www/example.com/ssl/unified-ssl.crt;   resolver 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4;   resolver_timeout 10s;    root /srv/www/example.com/htdocs;   index index.php index.html index.htm;   charset UTF-8;   autoindex off;      # Deny access based on HTTP method (set in HTTP level)   if ($bad_method = 1) {     return 444;   }    # Show \"Not Found\" 404 errors in place of \"Forbidden\" 403 errors, because   # forbidden errors allow attackers potential insight into your server's   # layout and contents   error_page 403 = 404;    # It's always good to set logs, note however you cannot turn off the error log   # setting error_log off; will simply create a file called 'off'.   access_log /var/log/nginx/example.com.access.log;   error_log /var/log/nginx/example.com.error.log;    # Add trailing slash to */wp-admin requests.   rewrite /wp-admin$ $scheme://$host$uri/ permanent;    location / {     # This try_files directive is used to enable pretty, SEO-friendly URLs     # and permalinks for Wordpress. Leave it *off* to start with, and then     # turn it on once you've gotten Wordpress configured!     try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;   }    # Option to create password protected directory   # http://www.howtoforge.com/basic-http-authentication-with-nginx   # location /admin {   #   auth_basic \"Administrator Login\";   #   auth_basic_user_file /var/www/domain.com/admin/.htpasswd;   # }    # Do not log access to these to keep the logs cleaner   location = /favicon.ico {     log_not_found off;     access_log off;   }    location = /apple-touch-icon.png {     log_not_found off;     access_log off;   }    location = /apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png {     log_not_found off;     access_log off;   }    # This block will catch static file requests, such as images, css, js   # The ?: prefix is a 'non-capturing' mark, meaning we do not require   # the pattern to be captured into $1 which should help improve performance   location ~* \\.(?:3gp|gif|jpg|jpe?g|png|ico|wmv|avi|asf|asx|mpg|mpeg|mp4|pls|mp3|mid|wav|swf|flv|html|htm|txt|js|css|exe|zip|tar|rar|gz|tgz|bz2|uha|7z|doc|docx|xls|xlsx|pdf|iso|woff)$ {     # Some basic cache-control for static files to be sent to the browser     expires max;     add_header Pragma public;     add_header Cache-Control \"public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate\";   }    # Deny all attempts to access hidden files such as .htaccess, .htpasswd, .DS_Store (Mac).   # Keep logging the requests to parse later (or to pass to firewall utilities such as fail2ban)   location ~ /\\. {     access_log off;     log_not_found off;     deny all;   }    location ~ ~$ {     access_log off;     log_not_found off;     deny all;   }    # Common deny or internal locations, to help prevent access to areas of   # the site that should not be public   location ~* wp-admin/includes {     deny all;   }    location ~* wp-includes/theme-compat/ {     deny all;   }    location ~* wp-includes/js/tinymce/langs/.*\\.php {     deny all;   }    location /wp-content/ {     internal;   }    # Deny access to any files with a .php extension in the uploads directory   # Works in sub-directory installs and also in multisite network   # Keep logging the requests to parse later (or to pass to firewall utilities such as fail2ban)   location ~* /(?:uploads|files)/.*\\.php$ {     deny all;   }    # Make sure these get through, esp with dynamic WP sitmap plugin   location = /robots.txt {     try_files $uri /index.php;   }    location = /sitemap.xml {     try_files $uri /index.php;   }    location = /sitemap.xml.gz {     try_files $uri /index.php;   }    # Fix for Firefox issue with cross site font icons   location ~* \\.(eot|otf|ttf|woff)$ {     add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;   }    # Redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html   # Make sure 50x.html exists at that location   error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;     location = /50x.html {     root /usr/share/nginx/html;     }    # Cache everything by default   set $skip_cache 0;    # POST requests and urls with a query string should always go to PHP   if ($request_method = POST) {     set $skip_cache 1;   }   if ($query_string != \"\") {     set $skip_cache 1;   }    # Don't cache uris containing the following segments   if ($request_uri ~* \"/wp-admin/|/xmlrpc.php|wp-.*.php|/feed/|index.php|sitemap(_index)?.xml\") {     set $skip_cache 1;   }    # Don't use the cache for logged in users or recent commenters   if ($http_cookie ~* \"comment_author|wordpress_[a-f0-9]+|wp-postpass|wordpress_no_cache|wordpress_logged_in\") {     set $skip_cache 1;   }    # Pass all .php files onto a php-fpm/php-fcgi server.   location ~ [^/]\\.php(/|$) {     # regex to split $uri to $fastcgi_script_name and $fastcgi_path     fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\\.php)(/.+)$;      # Check that the PHP script exists before passing it     try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;      # Bypass the fact that try_files resets $fastcgi_path_info     # see: http://trac.nginx.org/nginx/ticket/321     set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;     fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;      fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/example.com.sock;     fastcgi_index index.php;     # Uncomment if site is HTTPS     #fastcgi_param HTTPS on;     include fastcgi.conf;          fastcgi_cache_bypass $skip_cache;     fastcgi_no_cache $skip_cache;      fastcgi_cache WORDPRESS;     fastcgi_cache_valid  60m;   }    location ~ /purge(/.*) {     fastcgi_cache_purge WORDPRESS \"$scheme$request_method$host$1\";   }    # Use this block if PHPMyAdmin is enabled for this domain   location /phpmyadmin {     root /usr/share/;     index index.php index.html index.htm;      location ~ ^/phpmyadmin/(.+\\.php)$ {       try_files $uri =404;       root /usr/share/;       fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/example.com.sock;       fastcgi_index index.php;       include fastcgi.conf;     }      location ~* ^/phpmyadmin/(.+\\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|html|xml|txt))$ {       root /usr/share/;     }   }    location /phpMyAdmin {     rewrite ^/* /phpmyadmin last;   }   # End PHPMyAdmin block  } # End of server block.",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Nginx configuration file",
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    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/brandonwamboldt/sublime-nginx",
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    "creators": "Kartik Chandra",
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    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
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    "pldbScore": 24236,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/Hardmath123/nearley",
    "primaryTag": "grammarLanguage",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
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    "lab": "https://github.com/kach/nearley/issues",
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    "latestMajorVersion": 2,
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    "docs": "https://nearley.js.org/docs/how-to-grammar-good",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# nearley grammar @builtin \"string.ne\"  @{%  function insensitive(sl) {     var s = sl.literal;     result = [];     for (var i=0; i<s.length; i++) {         var c = s.charAt(i);         if (c.toUpperCase() !== c || c.toLowerCase() !== c) {             result.push(new RegExp(\"[\" + c.toLowerCase() + c.toUpperCase() + \"]\"));         } else {             result.push({literal: c});         }     }     return {subexpression: [{tokens: result, postprocess: function(d) {return d.join(\"\"); }}]}; }  %}  final -> whit? prog whit?  {% function(d) { return d[1]; } %}  prog -> prod  {% function(d) { return [d[0]]; } %}       | prod whit prog  {% function(d) { return [d[0]].concat(d[2]); } %}  prod -> word whit? (\"-\"|\"=\"):+ \">\" whit? expression+  {% function(d) { return {name: d[0], rules: d[5]}; } %}       | word \"[\" wordlist \"]\" whit? (\"-\"|\"=\"):+ \">\" whit? expression+ {% function(d) {return {macro: d[0], args: d[2], exprs: d[8]}} %}       | \"@\" whit? js  {% function(d) { return {body: d[2]}; } %}       | \"@\" word whit word  {% function(d) { return {config: d[1], value: d[3]}; } %}       | \"@include\"  whit? string {% function(d) {return {include: d[2].literal, builtin: false}} %}       | \"@builtin\"  whit? string {% function(d) {return {include: d[2].literal, builtin: true }} %}  expression+ -> completeexpression              | expression+ whit? \"|\" whit? completeexpression  {% function(d) { return d[0].concat([d[4]]); } %}  expressionlist -> completeexpression              | expressionlist whit? \",\" whit? completeexpression {% function(d) { return d[0].concat([d[4]]); } %}  wordlist -> word             | wordlist whit? \",\" whit? word {% function(d) { return d[0].concat([d[4]]); } %}  completeexpression -> expr  {% function(d) { return {tokens: d[0]}; } %}                     | expr whit? js  {% function(d) { return {tokens: d[0], postprocess: d[2]}; } %}  expr_member ->       word {% id %}     | \"$\" word {% function(d) {return {mixin: d[1]}} %}     | word \"[\" expressionlist \"]\" {% function(d) {return {macrocall: d[0], args: d[2]}} %}     | string \"i\":? {% function(d) { if (d[1]) {return insensitive(d[0]); } else {return d[0]; } } %}     | \"%\" word {% function(d) {return {token: d[1]}} %}     | charclass {% id %}     | \"(\" whit? expression+ whit? \")\" {% function(d) {return {'subexpression': d[2]} ;} %}     | expr_member whit? ebnf_modifier {% function(d) {return {'ebnf': d[0], 'modifier': d[2]}; } %}  ebnf_modifier -> \":+\" {% id %} | \":*\" {% id %} | \":?\" {% id %}  expr -> expr_member       | expr whit expr_member  {% function(d){ return d[0].concat([d[2]]); } %}  word -> [\\w\\?\\+]  {% function(d){ return d[0]; } %}       | word [\\w\\?\\+]  {% function(d){ return d[0]+d[1]; } %}  string -> dqstring {% function(d) {return { literal: d[0] }; } %} #string -> \"\\\"\" charset \"\\\"\"  {% function(d) { return { literal: d[1].join(\"\") }; } %} # #charset -> null #         | charset char  {% function(d) { return d[0].concat([d[1]]); } %} # #char -> [^\\\\\"]  {% function(d) { return d[0]; } %} #      | \"\\\\\" .  {% function(d) { return JSON.parse(\"\\\"\"+\"\\\\\"+d[1]+\"\\\"\"); } %}  charclass -> \".\"  {% function(d) { return new RegExp(\".\"); } %}            | \"[\" charclassmembers \"]\"  {% function(d) { return new RegExp(\"[\" + d[1].join('') + \"]\"); } %}  charclassmembers -> null                   | charclassmembers charclassmember  {% function(d) { return d[0].concat([d[1]]); } %}  charclassmember -> [^\\\\\\]]  {% function(d) { return d[0]; } %}                  | \"\\\\\" .  {% function(d) { return d[0] + d[1]; } %}  js -> \"{\" \"%\" jscode \"%\" \"}\"  {% function(d) { return d[2]; } %}  jscode -> null  {% function() {return \"\";} %}         | jscode [^%]  {% function(d) {return d[0] + d[1];} %}         | jscode \"%\" [^}] {% function(d) {return d[0] + d[1] + d[2]; } %}  # Whitespace with a comment whit -> whitraw       | whitraw? comment whit?  # Optional whitespace with a comment whit? -> null        | whit  # Literally a string of whitespace whitraw -> [\\s]          | whitraw [\\s]  # A string of whitespace OR the empty string whitraw? -> null           | whitraw  comment -> \"#\" commentchars \"\\n\" commentchars -> null               | commentchars [^\\n]",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/Hardmath123/nearley",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "nearley.js.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Nearley",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/Hardmath123/sublime-nearley",
    "githubLanguage": "Nearley"
  },
  {
    "id": "terra",
    "name": "Terra",
    "appeared": 2012,
    "measurements": 29,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://terralang.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "1.2.0",
    "rank": 235,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "writtenInCount": 14,
    "pldbScore": 24235,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/zdevito/terra",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 195,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 206,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 410,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_interpreters": "lua",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "lua",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "lua",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-lua",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.terra",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2012,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2012,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 95,
    "githubRepo_forks": 197,
    "githubRepo_stars": 2692,
    "githubRepo_issues": 122,
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "t/Terra.t",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 3,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2016,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2016,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 3,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 1,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2012,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 1623,
    "repoStats_committers": 70,
    "repoStats_files": 738,
    "repoStats_mb": 8,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 54686,
    "description": "Terra is a low-level system programming language that is embedded in and meta-programmed by the Lua programming language:",
    "githubRepo_description": "Terra is a low-level system programming language that is embedded in and meta-programmed by the Lua programming language:",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Terra is a low-level system programming language that is embedded in and meta-programmed by the Lua programming language:",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "t",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "t",
    "writtenIn": "cpp lua markdown c cmake bourne-shell yaml javascript html css dockerfile make nix diff",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 3555,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 46,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 1,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "docs": "https://docs.terra.money/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Terra",
    "example": "-- This top-level code is plain Lua code. function printhello()     -- This is a plain Lua function     print(\"Hello, Lua!\") end printhello()  -- Terra is backwards compatible with C, we'll use C's io library in our example. C = terralib.includec(\"stdio.h\")  -- The keyword 'terra' introduces a new Terra function. terra hello(argc : int, argv : &rawstring)     -- Here we call a C function from Terra     C.printf(\"Hello, Terra!\\n\")     return 0 end  -- You can call Terra functions directly from Lua, they are JIT compiled -- using LLVM to create machine code hello(0,nil)  -- Terra functions are first-class values in Lua, and can be introspected -- and meta-programmed using it hello:disas() --[[ output:     assembly for function at address 0x60e6010     0x60e6010(+0):    push  rax     0x60e6011(+1):    movabs  rdi, 102129664     0x60e601b(+11):   movabs  rax, 140735712154681     0x60e6025(+21):   call  rax     0x60e6027(+23):   xor eax, eax     0x60e6029(+25):   pop rdx     0x60e602a(+26):   ret ]]  -- You can save Terra code as executables, object files, or shared libraries -- and link them into existing programs terralib.saveobj(\"helloterra\",{ main = hello })",
    "leachim6_example": "print(\"Hello World\") ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "C = terralib.includecstring [[  #include <stdio.h>  #include <stdlib.h> ]] local arraytypes = {} function Array(T)  local struct ArrayImpl {   data : &T;   N : int;  }  function ArrayImpl.metamethods.__typename(self)      return \"Array(\"..tostring(T)..\")\"  end  arraytypes[ArrayImpl] = true  terra ArrayImpl:init(N : int)   self.data = [&T](C.malloc(N*sizeof(T)))   self.N = N  end  terra ArrayImpl:free()   C.free(self.data)  end  ArrayImpl.metamethods.__apply = macro(function(self,idx)   return `self.data[idx]  end)  ArrayImpl.metamethods.__methodmissing = macro(function(methodname,selfexp,...)   local args = terralib.newlist {...}   local i = symbol(int)   local promotedargs = args:map(function(a)    if arraytypes[a:gettype()] then     return `a(i)    else     return a    end   end)   return quote    var self = selfexp    var r : ArrayImpl    r:init(self.N)    for [i] = 0,r.N do     r.data[i] = self.data[i]:[methodname](promotedargs)    end   in    r   end  end)  return ArrayImpl end  struct Complex {  real : float;  imag : float; }  terra Complex:add(c : Complex)  return Complex { self.real + c.real, self.imag + c.imag } end  ComplexArray = Array(Complex) N = 10 terra testit()  var ca : ComplexArray  ca:init(N)  for i = 0,N do   ca(i) = Complex { i, i + 1 }  end  var ra = ca:add(ca)  return ra end local r = testit() assert(r.N == N) for i = 0,N-1 do  assert(r.data[i].real == 2*i)  assert(r.data[i].imag == 2*(i+1)) end assert(tostring(Array(int)) == \"Array(int32)\")",
    "leachim6": "Terra",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/zdevito/terra",
    "lineCommentToken": "--",
    "printToken": "print",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 4,
    "domainName": "terralang.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Terra",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/pyk/sublime-terra",
    "githubLanguage": "Terra",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2013|Modeling the Earth with Fatiando a Terra|10.25080/MAJORA-8B375195-010|63|4|L. Uieda and V. C. Oliveira and V. Barbosa|ba6db75613a2daf1b9f5bb19602e67d5a281b124\\n2016|Inversion of Land Surface Temperature (LST) Using Terra ASTER Data: A Comparison of Three Algorithms|10.3390/rs8120993|30|3|M. Ndossi and U. Avdan|be8ab3dc51a616ca6646f3f800239e33607e32b8\\n2015|Terra|10.1145/2811267|24|0|Adriano Branco and Francisco Sant'anna and R. Ierusalimschy and Noemi Rodriguez and Silvana Rossetto|cb2405872210975b446017f54f115c45b5d4cda8\\n2019|Delft Advanced Research Terra Simulator: General Purpose Reservoir Simulator with Operator-Based Linearization|10.4233/UUID:5F0F9B80-A7D6-488D-9BD2-D68B9D7B4B87|4|1|M. Khait|3986f7b8dd67a9c80b8b57c84accf6dcd94d2099"
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  {
    "id": "octave",
    "name": "GNU Octave",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "creators": "John W. Eaton",
    "measurements": 38,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://gnu.org/software/octave/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 236,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 24235,
    "hoplId": 2302,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "o/Octave.m",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "matlab.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1988,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux c fortran scilab opengl gnuplot unix bash lisp qt",
    "wikipedia_summary": "GNU Octave is software featuring a high-level programming language, primarily intended for numerical computations. Octave helps in solving linear and nonlinear problems numerically, and for performing other numerical experiments using a language that is mostly compatible with Matlab. It may also be used as a batch-oriented language. Since it is part of the GNU Project, it is free software under the terms of the GNU General Public License. Octave is one of the major free alternatives to Matlab, others being Scilab and FreeMat. Scilab, however, puts less emphasis on (bidirectional) syntactic compatibility with Matlab than Octave does.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 467,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 613,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 653,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 48707,
    "lab": "University of Wisconsin-Madison && University of Texas",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "m",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "m",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2406,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 42,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#octave",
    "docs": "https://docs.octave.org/interpreter/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "codeMirror": "octave",
    "quineRelay": "Octave",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Octave",
    "ubuntuPackage": "octave",
    "country": "United States",
    "projectEuler": "Octave",
    "helloWorldCollection": "#Hello World in Octave (http://www.octave.org/) printf(\"Hello World\\n\"); ",
    "leachim6_example": "printf(\"Hello World\"); ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Octave",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/octave",
    "rijuRepl_example": "disp(\"Hello, world!\") ",
    "wikipedia_example": "% create figure and panel on it f = figure; % create a button group gp = uibuttongroup (f, \"Position\", [ 0 0.5 1 1]) % create a buttons in the group b1 = uicontrol (gp, \"style\", \"radiobutton\", \"string\", \"Choice 1\", \"Position\", [ 10 150 100 50 ]); b2 = uicontrol (gp, \"style\", \"radiobutton\", \"string\", \"Choice 2\", \"Position\", [ 10 50 100 30 ]); % create a button not in the group b3 = uicontrol (f, \"style\", \"radiobutton\",\"string\", \"Not in the group\",\"Position\", [ 10 50 100 50 ]);",
    "leachim6": "Octave",
    "lineCommentToken": "%",
    "printToken": "printf",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "jupyterKernel": "https://github.com/calysto/octave_kernel",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Octave",
    "bookCount": 1,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2302",
    "tiobe": "GNU Octave",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nScientific Computing with MATLAB and Octave|2003|Alfio Quarteroni|312792|4.10|10|0"
  },
  {
    "id": "opa",
    "name": "Opa",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "measurements": 41,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://opalang.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "1.1.0",
    "rank": 237,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "writtenInCount": 20,
    "pldbScore": 24230,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/MLstate/opalang",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 50,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 58,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 76,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.opa",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2011,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2010,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 47,
    "githubRepo_forks": 125,
    "githubRepo_stars": 1242,
    "githubRepo_issues": 37,
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "o/Opa.opa",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 23,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2011,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2014,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 2,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 3,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "ml.py",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2010,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2017,
    "repoStats_commits": 4609,
    "repoStats_committers": 71,
    "repoStats_files": 1707,
    "repoStats_mb": 42,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 334367,
    "domainName_registered": 2010,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2011,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux ocaml erlang javascript jquery html mongodb postgresql sql dart haxe coffeescript",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Opa is an open-source programming language for developing scalable web applications. It can be used for both client-side and server-side scripting, where complete programs are written in Opa and subsequently compiled to Nodejs on the server and JavaScript on the client, with the compiler automating all communication between the two. Opa implements strong, static typing, which can be helpful in protecting against security issues such as SQL injections and cross-site scripting attacks. The language was first officially presented at the OWASP conference in 2010, and the source code was released on GitHub in June 2011, under a GNU Affero General Public License. Later, the license changed to the MIT license for the framework part (library) and AGPL for the compiler so that applications written in Opa can be released under any license, proprietary or open source.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 53,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 94,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 149,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 32976878,
    "lab": "https://github.com/MLstate",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "opa",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "opa",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "opa",
    "writtenIn": "ocaml javascript css bourne-shell c diff lisp make bash xml html svg vim-script markdown perl qml java python z-shell dockerfile",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2175,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 93,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 1,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "docs": "https://github.com/MLstate/opalang/wiki/A-tour-of-Opa",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Opa",
    "country": "France",
    "leachim6_example": "jlog(\"Hello World\") ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "/**  * To compile & run on port 8080:  * opa hello_syntax1.opa --  */ server = Server.one_page_server(    \"Hello, world\",    -> (<h1>Hello, world</h1>) )  ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Opa",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/opalang",
    "wikipedia_example": "Server.start(Server.http,   { title: \"Hello\"   , page: function() { <h1>Hello, web!</h1> }   } )",
    "leachim6": "Opa",
    "keywords": "and as begin case client css database db do else end external forall function if import match module or package parser rec server then type val with xml_parser",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/MLstate/opalang",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "printToken": "jlog",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasBinaryNumbers": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasConditionals": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasFunctions": true,
    "hasHexadecimals": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasOctals": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "hasTypeInference": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opa_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 2,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "opalang.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Opa",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/mads379/opa.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2013|Packt Publishing|Opa Application Development|Wenbo, Li|9781782163749\\n20130612|Packt Publishing|Opa Application Development|Li Wenbo|9781782163756",
    "githubLanguage": "Opa"
  },
  {
    "id": "cson",
    "name": "CSON",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "creators": "Benjamin Lupton",
    "measurements": 19,
    "tags": "dataNotation",
    "foundationScore": 11,
    "latestVersion": "8.4.0",
    "rank": 238,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "writtenInCount": 6,
    "pldbScore": 24211,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 11,
    "inboundLinks": "ait catala cson factor flow9 fork-lang invokator ko koka mirth unison",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/bevry/cson",
    "primaryTag": "dataNotation",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 1,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 2,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 16,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "coffee",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "coffeescript",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-coffeescript",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.coffee",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "githubRepo_created": 2011,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2011,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 23,
    "githubRepo_forks": 56,
    "githubRepo_stars": 1334,
    "githubRepo_issues": 2,
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "c/CSON.cson",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 332,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2013,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 4,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 30,
    "standsFor": "CoffeeScript Object Notation",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2011,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2023,
    "repoStats_commits": 208,
    "repoStats_committers": 19,
    "repoStats_files": 49,
    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 4197,
    "lab": "https://bevry.me/",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "cson",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "cson",
    "writtenIn": "json cson coffeescript markdown yaml javascript",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1722,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 26,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": true,
    "latestMajorVersion": 8,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "clocExtensions": "cson",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Australia",
    "leachim6_example": "{'Hello': 'World'} ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "'menu': [   {     'label': 'Packages'     'submenu': [       'label': 'Wercker Status'       'submenu': [         { 'label': 'Check now!', 'command': 'wercker-status:checknow' }       ]     ]   } ]",
    "leachim6": "CSON",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/bevry/cson",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Processing is an open source computer programming language and integrated development environment (IDE) built for the electronic arts, new media art, and visual design communities with the purpose of teaching the fundamentals of computer programming in a visual context, and to serve as the foundation for electronic sketchbooks. The project was initiated in 2001 by Casey Reas and Benjamin Fry, both formerly of the Aesthetics and Computation Group at the MIT Media Lab. In 2012, they started the Processing Foundation along with Daniel Shiffman, who joined as a third project lead. Johanna Hedva joined the Foundation in 2014 as Director of Advocacy. One of the aims of Processing is to allow non-programmers to start computer programming aided by visual feedback. The Processing language builds on the Java language, but uses a simplified syntax and a graphics user interface.",
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    "helloWorldCollection": "// Hello world in Processing  println( \"Hello world!\" );",
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Bernstein and Eric Newcomer|9781558604155\\n2005|Springer|Information Processing with Evolutionary Algorithms: From Industrial Applications to Academic Speculations (Advanced Information and Knowledge Processing)||9781852338664\\n2006|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Digital Signal Processing Using Matlab And Wavelets (Electrical Engineering)|Weeks, Michael|9780977858200\\n2005|Morgan Kaufmann|Machine Vision: Theory, Algorithms, Practicalities (Signal Processing and its Applications)|Davies, E. R.|9780122060939\\n2007|Wiley-IEEE Press|Embedded Signal Processing with the Micro Signal Architecture|Gan, Woon-Seng and Kuo, Sen M.|9780471738411\\n1995|Prentice Hall|Introduction to Statistical Signal Processing with Applications|Srinath, Mandyam D. and Rajasekaran, P.K. and Viswanathan, R.|9780131252950\\n2015|Packt Publishing|Image Processing with ImageJ - Second Edition|Broeke, Jurjen and Perez, Jose Maria Mateos and Pascau, Javier|9781785889837\\n1974|R. D. 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    "wikipedia_summary": "SPARQL (pronounced \"sparkle\", a recursive acronym for SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) is an RDF query language, that is, a semantic query language for databases, able to retrieve and manipulate data stored in Resource Description Framework (RDF) format. It was made a standard by the RDF Data Access Working Group (DAWG) of the World Wide Web Consortium, and is recognized as one of the key technologies of the semantic web. On 15 January 2008, SPARQL 1.0 became an official W3C Recommendation, and SPARQL 1.1 in March, 2013. SPARQL allows for a query to consist of triple patterns, conjunctions, disjunctions, and optional patterns. Implementations for multiple programming languages exist. There exist tools that allow one to connect and semi-automatically construct a SPARQL query for a SPARQL endpoint, for example ViziQuer. In addition, there exist tools that translate SPARQL queries to other query languages, for example to SQL and to XQuery.",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPARQL",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# An example RMarkdown  Some text.  ## A graphic in R  ```{r} plot(1:10) hist(rnorm(10000)) ```",
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    "discord": "https://discord.gg/CVFRavvRav",
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    "standsFor": "A Mathematical Programming Language",
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    "lab": "AMPL Optimization LLC",
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    "example": "set PROD;  # products  param rate {PROD} > 0;     # tons produced per hour param avail >= 0;          # hours available in week  param profit {PROD};       # profit per ton param market {PROD} >= 0;  # limit on tons sold in week  var Make {p in PROD} >= 0, <= market[p]; # tons produced  maximize Total_Profit: sum {p in PROD} profit[p] * Make[p];                 # Objective: total profits from all products  subject to Time: sum {p in PROD} (1/rate[p]) * Make[p] <= avail;                 # Constraint: total of hours used by all                # products may not exceed hours available",
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    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "assignmentToken": ":=",
    "hasAssignment": true,
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1997|Cengage Learning|AMPL: A Modeling Language for Mathematical Programming (with AMPL Plus Student Edition for Microsoft Windows) (The Scientific Press Series)|Fourer, Robert and Gay, David M. and Kernighan, Brian W.|9780894262326\\n1997-01-13T00:00:01Z|Cengage Learning|AMPL: A Modeling Language for Mathematical Programming (with AMPL Plus Student Edition for Microsoft Windows) (The Scientific Press Series)|Fourer, Robert and Gay, David M. and Kernighan, Brian W.|9780534509835",
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    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1996|DIY DEA: Implementing data envelopment analysis in the mathematical programming language AMPL|10.1016/0305-0483(96)00003-5|8|0|R. Green|2a84d88be4d3283124da624af001a3f0c4c01885\\n1984|Loslan implementation of the AMPL message-passing system|10.1145/948596.948600|2|0|J. Milewski|7c0626677098596348ea9d02ad5f569a7aa2e19d",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nAmpl: A Modeling Language for Mathematical Programming|1993|Robert Fourer|2176571|4.00|17|0\\nAMPL: A modeling language for mathematical programming : with AMPL Plus student edition for Microsoft Windows|1997|Robert Fourer|3846900|0.0|0|0\\nAmpl: A Modeling Language for Mathematical Programming: With Ampl Plus Student Edition for Microsoft Windows|1997|Robert Fourer|20874764|0.0|0|0\\nAmpl: A Modeling Language for Math Programming Package (with User Guide)|1999|Robert Fourer|20874765|2.00|1|0\\nAmpl: A Molding Language for Mathematical Programming/Book & IBM 5 1/4 Disk|1991|Robert Fourer|2247991|0.0|0|0\\nMathematical Optimization Software: Mathematica, General Algebraic Modeling System, Propt, Ioso, Mps, Ampl, Apmonitor, Tomsym, Worhp, Dido|2011|Source Wikipedia|15185414|0.0|0|0"
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    "lab": "https://github.com/marcobambini/gravity/issues",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "gravity",
    "writtenIn": "markdown c xml cmake objective-c make css yaml cpp html bourne-shell",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 7797,
    "country": "Various",
    "leachim6_example": "func main() {   System.print(\"Hello World\"); } ",
    "leachim6": "Gravity",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/marcobambini/gravity",
    "printToken": "System.print",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
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    "id": "unison",
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    "description": "Taichi Lang is an open-source, imperative, parallel programming language for high-performance numerical computation. It is embedded in Python and uses just-in-time (JIT) compiler frameworks, for example LLVM, to offload the compute-intensive Python code to the native GPU or CPU instructions.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Taichi Lang is an open-source, imperative, parallel programming language for high-performance numerical computation. It is embedded in Python and uses just-in-time (JIT) compiler frameworks, for example LLVM, to offload the compute-intensive Python code to the native GPU or CPU instructions.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Taichi Lang is an open-source, imperative, parallel programming language for high-performance numerical computation. It is embedded in Python and uses just-in-time (JIT) compiler frameworks, for example LLVM, to offload the compute-intensive Python code to the native GPU or CPU instructions.",
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    "example": "// For CPU Parallelize(int num_threads) // Multi-threading Vectorize(int width) // Loop vectorization // For GPU BlockDim(int blockDim) // Specify GPU block size // For scratchpad optimization AssumeInRange(Expr base, int lower, int upper) Cache(Expr) // Cache data into GPU L1 cache CacheL1(Expr) More discussions on h",
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    "standsFor": "Unified Modeling Language",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1994,
    "wikipedia_related": "bpmn sysml",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a general-purpose, developmental, modeling language in the field of software engineering, that is intended to provide a standard way to visualize the design of a system. UML was originally motivated by the desire to standardize the disparate notational systems and approaches to software design developed by Grady Booch, Ivar Jacobson and James Rumbaugh at Rational Software in 1994–1995, with further development led by them through 1996. In 1997 UML was adopted as a standard by the Object Management Group (OMG), and has been managed by this organization ever since. In 2005 UML was also published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as an approved ISO standard. Since then the standard has been periodically revised to cover the latest revision of UML.",
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    "visualParadigm": true,
    "docs": "https://www.uml-diagrams.org/",
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    "example": "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?> <XMI xmi.version=\"1.2\" xmlns:UML=\"org.omg/UML/1.4\">  <XMI.header>   <XMI.documentation>    <XMI.exporter>ananas.org stylesheet</XMI.exporter>   </XMI.documentation>   <XMI.metamodel xmi.name=\"UML\" xmi.version=\"1.4\"/>  </XMI.header>  <XMI.content>   <UML:Model xmi.id=\"M.1\" name=\"address\" visibility=\"public\"               isSpecification=\"false\" isRoot=\"false\"               isLeaf=\"false\" isAbstract=\"false\">    <UML:Namespace.ownedElement>     <UML:Class xmi.id=\"C.1\" name=\"address\" visibility=\"public\"                isSpecification=\"false\" namespace=\"M.1\" isRoot=\"true\"                isLeaf=\"true\" isAbstract=\"false\" isActive=\"false\">      <UML:Classifier.feature>       <UML:Attribute xmi.id=\"A.1\" name=\"name\" visibility=\"private\"                      isSpecification=\"false\" ownerScope=\"instance\"/>       <UML:Attribute xmi.id=\"A.2\" name=\"street\" visibility=\"private\"                      isSpecification=\"false\" ownerScope=\"instance\"/>       <UML:Attribute xmi.id=\"A.3\" name=\"zip\" visibility=\"private\"                      isSpecification=\"false\" ownerScope=\"instance\"/>       <UML:Attribute xmi.id=\"A.4\" name=\"region\" visibility=\"private\"                      isSpecification=\"false\" ownerScope=\"instance\"/>       <UML:Attribute xmi.id=\"A.5\" name=\"city\" visibility=\"private\"                      isSpecification=\"false\" ownerScope=\"instance\"/>       <UML:Attribute xmi.id=\"A.6\" name=\"country\" visibility=\"private\"                      isSpecification=\"false\" ownerScope=\"instance\"/>      </UML:Classifier.feature>     </UML:Class>    </UML:Namespace.ownedElement>   </UML:Model>  </XMI.content> </XMI>",
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J.|9781558607552\\n2005|Springer|Software Engineering Techniques Applied to Agricultural Systems: An Object-Oriented and UML Approach (Applied Optimization)|Papajorgji, Petraq and Pardalos, Panos|9780387281704\\n2006|Ibm Press|Visual Modeling with IBM Rational Software Architect and UML|Quatrani, Terry|9780321238085\\n1999|Apress|VB6 UML Design and Development|Sturm, Jake|9781861002518\\n2004|Springer|Component-Based Software Testing with UML|Gross, Hans-Gerhard|9783540208648\\n2002|Prentice Hall|Practical Object-Oriented Development with UML and Java|Lee, Richard C. and Tepfenhart, William M.|9780130672384\\n2004|Cambridge University Press|Model Driven Architecture with Executable UML|Raistrick, Chris and Francis, Paul and Wright, John and Carter, Colin and Wilkie, Ian|9780521537711\\n2000|Prentice Hall|UML and C++: A Practical Guide to Object-Oriented Development (2nd Edition)|Lee, Richard C. and Tepfenhart, William M.|9780130290403\\n2001|Wiley|An Introduction to Object-Oriented Analysis: Objects and UML in Plain English|Brown, David William|9780471371373\\n20070508|Springer Nature|UML for Real|Luciano Lavagno; Grant Martin; Bran V. Selic|9780306487385\\n20130730|Springer Nature|Grundkurs Software-Engineering mit UML|Stephan Kleuker|9783658006426\\n20111121|Pearson Education (US)|Object-Oriented Modeling and Design with UML|James R Rumbaugh; Michael R. Blaha|9780133002171\\n2003|Addison-Wesley Professional|UML Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Standard Object Modeling Language|Fowler, Martin|9780321193681\\n2020|Wiley|Systems Analysis and Design: An Object-Oriented Approach with UML|Dennis, Alan and Wixom, Barbara and Tegarden, David|9781119559917\\n2012|Wiley|Systems Analysis and Design with UML|Dennis, Alan and Wixom, Barbara Haley and Tegarden, David|9781118037423\\n2018|Addison-Wesley Professional|UML Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Standard Object Modeling Language (Addison-Wesley Object Technology Series)|Fowler, Martin|9780134865126\\n2006|O'Reilly Media|UML 2.0 Pocket Reference: UML Syntax and Usage (Pocket Reference (O'Reilly))|Pilone, Dan|9780596102081\\n2008|CRC Press|Practical UML Statecharts in C/C++: Event-Driven Programming for Embedded Systems|Samek, Miro|9781138436381\\n2005|Packt Publishing|UML 2.0 in Action: A project-based tutorial|Baumann, Henriette and Grassle, Patrick and Baumann, Philippe|9781847190420\\n2015|Springer|UML @ Classroom: An Introduction to Object-Oriented Modeling (Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science)|Seidl, Martina and Scholz, Marion and Huemer, Christian and Kappel, Gerti|9783319127415\\n2005|McGraw-Hill Education|UML Demystified|Kimmel, Paul|9780071486712\\n2010|S Chand|Learn Object Oriented Programming Using Java: An UML based|Venkateswarlu N.B. & Prasad E.V.|9788121935463\\n2002|AddisonWesley Professional|Building Web Applications with UML|Paul Becker and Conallen, Jim|9780201730388\\n1999|Addison-Wesley Pub (Sd)|UML Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Standard Object Modeling Language (2nd Edition)|Fowler, Martin and Scott, Kendall|9780201657838\\n2005|Packt Publishing|UML 2.0 in Action: A project-based tutorial: A detailed and practical walk-through showing how to apply UML to real world development projects|Patrick Graessle and Henriette Baumann and Philippe Baumann|9781904811558\\n2004|Sams|Sams Teach Yourself Uml in 24 Hours: Complete Starter Kit|Schmuller, Joseph|9780672326400\\n2018|Independently published|UML and Object-Oriented Design Foundations: Understanding Object-Oriented Programming and the Unified Modeling Language (Professional Skills)|Nyisztor, Karoly|9781980818496\\n2005|Addison-Wesley Professional|UML 2 and the Unified Process: Practical Object-Oriented Analysis and Design|Arlow, Jim and Neustadt, Ila|9780132702638\\n2003|Addison-Wesley Professional|Enterprise Patterns and MDA: Building Better Software with Archetype Patterns and UML|Arlow, Jim|9780321112309\\n2001|McGraw-Hill/Spanish Imports|Schaum's Outline of UML|Bennett, Simon and Skelton, John|9780077096731\\n2005|Wiley|Object-Oriented Analysis and Design: Understanding System Development with UML 2.0|O'Docherty, Mike|9780470092408\\n1997|Prentice Hall|Object-Oriented Methods: A Foundation, UML Edition (2nd Edition)|Martin, James and Odell, James J.|9780139055973\\n2006|Morgan Kaufmann|UML 2 Certification Guide: Fundamental and Intermediate Exams (The MK/OMG Press)|Weilkiens, Tim and Oestereich, Bernd|9780123735850\\n2002|Wiley|UML Weekend Crash Course|Pender, Tom|9780764549106\\n2004|Butterworth-Heinemann|Object-Oriented Design with UML and Java|Barclay, Kenneth and Savage, John|9780750660983\\n2003|O'Reilly Media|UML Pocket Reference|Pilone, Dan|9780596004972\\n2005|Springer|Component-Based Software Testing with UML|Gross, Hans-Gerhard|9783540267331\\n2004|Pearson|Object-Oriented Systems Analysis and Design With UML|Stumpf, Robert and Teague, Lavette|9780131434066\\n2001|Addison-Wesley Professional|UML Explained|Scott, Kendall|9780201721829\\n2002|Wiley|Mastering XMI: Java Programming with XMI, XML, and UML (With CD-ROM)|Timothy J. Grose and Gary C. Doney and Stephen A. Brodsky|9780471384298\\n2004|Apress|Fast Track UML 2.0|Scott, Kendall and Apress|9781590593202\\n1998|Cambridge University Press|Advanced Object-Oriented Analysis & Design Using UML (SIGS Reference Library)|Odell, James J.|9780521648196\\n1999|Sybex|Mastering UML with Rational Rose|Boggs, Wendy and Boggs, Michael|9780782124538\\n1997|Apress|Instant Uml|Muller, Pierre-Alain|9781861000873\\n2003-10-01T00:00:01Z|Cengage Learning Emea|Visual Basic .Net: A Complete Object-Oriented Programming Course Including Unified Modelling Language Uml|Jones, Phil|9781844800988\\n2005|Butterworth-Heinemann|Advanced Systems Design with Java, UML and MDA|Lano, Kevin|9780750664967\\n1999|Addison-Wesley Professional|Visual Modeling with Rational Rose 2000 and UML (2nd Edition) (Addison Wesley Object Technology Series)|Quatrani, Terry|9780201699616\\n1999|McGraw-Hill College|Classical and Object-Oriented Software Engineering With Uml and Java|Schach, Stephen R.|9780072302264\\n2006|IGI Global|Enterprise Modeling and Computing With UML|Peter Rittgen|9781599041742\\n2010|Springer|UML for SOC Design||9781441938299\\n2003|Springer|UML for Real: Design of Embedded Real-Time Systems||9781402075018\\n2014|Springer|Software Engineering Techniques Applied to Agricultural Systems: An Object-Oriented and UML Approach (Springer Optimization and Its Applications (93))|Papajorgji, Petraq J. and Pardalos, Panos M.|9781489974624\\n2000|Springer|UML 2000 - The Unified Modeling Language: Advancing the Standard: Third International Conference York, UK, October 2-6, 2000 Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1939)||9783540411338\\n|eyrolle|Modelis objet avec uml|pierre-alain muller|9782212089660\\n2016|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|Domain Driven Software Architecture Systems: Modeling and Design through UML|Ansari, Gufran Ahmed|9783659950742\\n2004|De Gruyter Mouton|Cognitive Modeling and Verbal Semantics: A Representational Framework Based on UML (Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [Tilsm])|Schalley, Andrea C.|9783110179514\\n2014|Springer|Software Engineering Techniques Applied to Agricultural Systems: An Object-Oriented and UML Approach (Springer Optimization and Its Applications Book 93)|Papajorgji, Petraq J. and Pardalos, Panos M.|9781489974631\\n2003|Prentice Hall|Applying UML and Patterns:An Introduction to Object-Oriented Analysis and Design and the Unified Process with Extreme Programming Explained:Embrace Change|Larman, Craig and Beck, Kent|9780582832480\\n2003|Butterworth-heinemann|Applying Uml|Rob Pooley and Pauline Wilcox|9780080527505\\n20220512|Taylor & Francis|UML Diagramming|Suriya Sundaramoorthy|9781000587272\\n2000|Pearson Education|Uml Distilled|Martin Fowler|9788178082486\\n20150221|Springer Nature|UML @ Classroom|Martina Seidl; Marion Scholz; Christian Huemer; Gerti Kappel|9783319127422\\nMay 2006|Anaya Multimedia-Anaya Interactiva|UML 2|Ila Neustadt and Jim Arlow|9788441520332\\n2002|Springer|Essential Uml Fast|Aladdin Ayesh|9781852334130\\n2003|Springer Verlag|UML for Real: Design of Embedded Real-Time Systems|Lavagno and Luciano and Martin and Grant and Selic and Bran V.|9781441953681\\n20060425|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning UML 2.0|Russ Miles; Kim Hamilton|9780596519117\\n20060425|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Learning UML 2.0|Russ Miles; Kim Hamilton|9780596555221\\n20030629|Springer Nature|SDL 2001: Meeting UML|Rick Reed; Jeanne Reed|9783540482130\\n20060314|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|UML 2.0 Pocket Reference|Dan Pilone|9780596529086\\n20060314|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|UML 2.0 Pocket Reference|Dan Pilone|9781491947562\\n2008|Eyrolles|Uml 2 Par La Pratique|Pascal Roques|9782212851984\\n20180104|Springer Nature|Grundkurs Software-Engineering mit UML|Stephan Kleuker|9783658199692\\n20050620|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|UML 2.0 in a Nutshell|Dan Pilone; Neil Pitman|9780596552312\\n20060502|Springer Nature|Guide to Applying the UML|Sinan Si Alhir|9780387215136\\n20050620|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|UML 2.0 in a Nutshell|Dan Pilone|9780596518295\\n2004|Springer-Verlag New York, LLC|Component-based Software Testing With Uml|Hans-Gerhard Gross|9783642058820\\n20081003|Taylor & Francis|Practical UML Statecharts in C/C|Miro Samek|9781482249262\\n1999|Republic Of Texas Pr|Iterative Uml Development Using Visual C++ 6.0|Patrick Sheridan; Jean M. Sekula|9781556227028\\n20140207|McGraw-Hill India|Object Oriented Analysis and Design Using UML|D Jeya Mala; S Geetha|9789332900950\\n2020|Emereo|UML Tool A Complete Guide - 2020 Edition|Gerardus Blokdyk|9781867456551\\n|Springer International Publishing :|Uml @ Classroom: An Introduction To Object-oriented Modeling|Seidl, Martina (author.)|9783319127415\\n20100416|McGraw-Hill UK|Object-Oriented Systems Analysis and Design Using UML|BENNETT|9780077139711\\n2016-09-22|LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing|The Role of UML in OOP towards Software Development|Ignatius Ogbaga|9783659957697\\n1998|McGraw-Hill Companies, The|Classical and Object-Oriented Software Engineering W/ Uml and C++|Stephen R. Schach and Steven R. 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Christian Albright|9781285225678\\n|Wiley|Microsoft Excel 2013 Power Programming with VBA|John Walkenbach|9788126542420\\n2018-11-06T00:00:01Z|For Dummies|Excel VBA Programming For Dummies (For Dummies (Computer/Tech))|Alexander, Michael and Walkenbach, John|9781119518174\\n2019|Sybex|Mastering VBA for Microsoft Office 365|Mansfield, Richard|9781119579380\\n2019|Wiley|Excel 2019 Power Programming with VBA|Alexander, Michael and Kusleika, Dick|9781119514923\\n2018|For Dummies|Excel VBA Programming For Dummies|Alexander, Michael and Walkenbach, John|9781119518242\\n2010|McGraw Hill|Microsoft Access 2010 VBA Macro Programming|Shepherd, Richard|9780071738583\\n2021|For Dummies|Excel VBA Programming For Dummies|Kusleika, Dick|9781119843092\\n2016-02-08T00:00:01Z|John Wiley & Sons|Excel 2016 Power Programming with VBA (Mr. Spreadsheet's Bookshelf)|Alexander, Michael and Kusleika, Richard|9781119067726\\n2010|Que Publishing|VBA and Macros: Microsoft Excel 2010 (MrExcel Library)|Jelen, Bill and Syrstad, Tracy|9780789743145\\n2022|Holy Macro! Books|Programming PowerPoint With VBA Straight to the Point|Sanchez, Eduardo N|9781615471638\\n2013|For Dummies|Excel VBA Programming for Dummies: Third Edition|Walkenbach, John|9781118490372\\n2019|Wiley|Excel 2019 Power Programming with VBA|Alexander, Michael and Kusleika , Dick|9781119514916\\n2019|In Easy Steps Limited|Excel VBA in easy steps|McGrath, Mike|9781840788242\\n2006|O'Reilly Media|Programming Excel with VBA and .NET: Solve Real-World Problems with Excel|Webb, Jeff and Saunders, Steve|9780596007669\\n2001|Sybex|VBA Developer's Handbook, 2nd Edition|Ken Getz and Mike Gilbert|9780782129786\\n2010|Wiley|Excel 2010 Power Programming with VBA|Walkenbach, John|9780470475355\\n2002-04-02T00:00:01Z|Cengage Learning PTR|Microsoft Excel VBA Programming for the Absolute Beginner|Birnbaum, Duane|9781931841047\\n2013|Sybex|Mastering VBA for Microsoft Office 2013|Mansfield, Richard|9781118695128\\n2016|Wiley|Excel 2016 Power Programming with VBA (Mr. Spreadsheet's Bookshelf)|Alexander, Michael and Kusleika, Richard|9781119067627\\n2019-07-14T00:00:01Z|Independently published|VBA for Beginners: An Introduction to Learn VBA Programming with Tutorials and Hands-On Examples|Metzler, Nathan|9781080611485\\n2007|For Dummies|VBA For Dummies|Mueller, John Paul|9780470046500\\n2019|In Easy Steps Limited|Excel VBA in easy steps, 3rd edition|McGrath, Mike|9781840788716\\n2015|Cengage Learning|VBA for Modelers: Developing Decision Support Systems with Microsoft Office Excel|Albright, S. Christian|9781305537644\\n2015|Que Publishing|Excel 2016 VBA and Macros (MrExcel Library)|Jelen, Bill and Syrstad, Tracy|9780789755858\\n2015|John Wiley &Sons|Excel Vba Programming For Dummies, 4e|Walkenbach, John|9781119077398\\n2016|Sybex|Mastering VBA for Microsoft Office 2016|Mansfield, Richard|9781119225409\\n2010|McGraw-Hill Education|Microsoft Access 2010 VBA Macro Programming|Shepherd, Richard|9780071738576\\n1999|O'Reilly Media|Writing Word Macros: An Introduction to Programming Word using VBA|Steven Roman, PhD|9781565927254\\n2004|Wrox|Excel 2003 VBA Programmer's Reference|Kimmel, Paul T. and Bullen, Stephen and Green, John and Bovey, Rob and Rosenberg, Robert|9780764556609\\n2018-06-29T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Excel VBA: A Step-By-Step Guide To Learn And Master Excel VBA Programming|Smith, Hein|9781722122126\\n2003|Que Publishing|Microsoft Office Access 2007 VBA|Diamond, Scott B. and Spaulding, Brent|9780132714136\\n2006|MSProjectExperts|VBA Programming for Microsoft Office Project Versions 98 through 2007 (Emp Learning)|Rod Gill|9780975982877\\n2022|For Dummies|Excel VBA Programming For Dummies (For Dummies (Computer/Tech))|Kusleika, Dick|9781119843078\\n2009|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Numerical Methods with VBA Programming|Hiestand, James|9780763749644\\n2010-05-24T00:00:01Z|For Dummies|Excel VBA Programming For Dummies|Walkenbach, John|9780470503690\\n2013|Wiley|Excel 2013 Power Programming with VBA (Mr. Spreadsheet's Bookshelf Book 15)|Walkenbach, John|9781118490402\\n2007|Cengage Learning PTR|Microsoft Excel VBA Programming for the Absolute Beginner|Birnbaum, Duane and Vine, Michael|9781598633948\\n2011|Microsoft Press|Microsoft Access 2010 VBA Programming Inside Out|Couch, Andrew|9780735664906\\n2011|Microsoft Press|Microsoft Access 2010 VBA Programming Inside Out|Couch, Andrew|9780735659872\\n2018|Independently published|Excel VBA: A Step-By-Step Comprehensive Guide on Advanced Excel VBA Programming Techniques and Strategies|Bradley, Peter|9781791561086\\n2013|Sybex|Mastering VBA for Microsoft Office 2013|Mansfield, Richard|9781118786307\\n2007|For Dummies|Access 2007 VBA Programming For Dummies|Stockman, Joseph C. and Simpson, Alan|9780470046531\\n2001|Sybex|Mastering AutoCAD VBA|Cottingham, Marion|9780782128710\\n2019|Independently published|Excel Programming: The Ultimate Collection to Learn Excel VBA & Excel Macros Step by Step|A. Williams, David|9781676827481\\n2005|Addison-Wesley Professional|Professional Excel Development: The Definitive Guide to Developing Applications Using Microsoft Excel and VBA|Bullen, Stephen and Bovey, Rob and Green, John|9780321262509\\n2004|Que Publishing|Automating Microsoft Access with VBA|Gunderloy, Mike and Harkins, Susan Sales|9780789732446\\n2007|For Dummies|Excel 2007 VBA Programming For Dummies|Walkenbach, John|9780470046746\\n2013-03-13T00:00:00.000Z|Wiley|Excel 2013 Power Programming with VBA (Mr. Spreadsheet's Bookshelf Book 14)|Walkenbach, John|9781118491829\\n2007|Wiley|Structured Finance Modeling with Object-Oriented VBA|Tick, Evan|9780470098592\\n2009|McGraw-Hill Education|Excel 2007 VBA Macro Programming|Shepherd, Richard|9780071627009\\n2011|Cengage Learning PTR|Microsoft Access VBA Programming for the Absolute Beginner|Vine, Michael|9781133788959\\n2019-05-17T00:00:01Z|Independently published|EXCEL VBA: A Step by Step Guide to Learn EXCEL VBA Programming for Absolute Beginners|Academy, Elite Tech|9781099162503\\n2019-01-01T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Expert @ Excel: 3 BOOKS IN 1: For beginners, Pivot Tables and VBA Programming|Reed, Daniel|9781792002656\\n2018-10-19T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Excel VBA: Top Tips, Tricks, Timesavers, and Common Mistakes in VBA Programming|Smith, Mr Hein|9781729528150\\n2017||VBA for Excel: Programming VBA Macros: The Easy Introduction for Beginners and Non-Programmers|Patterson, Andrew J.|9781370048649\\n2018|Independently published|How to Learn Microsoft Access VBA Programming Quickly!|Besedin, Andrei|9781977016294\\n2018-10-23T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Expert @ Excel VBA Programming: A Step-By-Step Guide To Learn And Master Excel VBA Programming To Get Ahead @ Work, Business And Personal Finances|Reed, Daniel and Reed, Daniel|9781729153109\\n2007|Wrox|Excel 2007 VBA Programmer's Reference|John Green and Stephen Bullen and Rob Bovey and Michael Alexander|9780470046432\\n2004|Que Publishing|Absolute Beginner's Guide to VBA|McFedries, Paul|9780131389984\\n2007|Wrox|Beginning Access 2007 VBA|Gosnell, Denise M.|9780470046845\\n2004|McGraw-Hill Education|Excel VBA Macro Programming|Shepherd, Richard|9780072263695\\n2008|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Computing with Excel and VBA|Krishan, S.I.|9780763756680\\n2008|Sybex|Mastering VBA for Microsoft Office 2007|Mansfield, Richard|9780470279595\\n2019|Independently published|Excel VBA: Ultimate Excel VBA Programming Step By Step Guide to Go from Beginner to Expert|Ironside, William|9781081242756\\n2004|Que Publishing|VBA and Macros for Microsoft Excel|Syrstad, Tracy and Jelen, Bill|9780132714785\\n2006|Holy Macro! Books|Holy Macro! It's 2,500 Excel VBA Examples: Every Snippet of Excel VBA Code You'll Ever Need|Herber, Hans and Jelen, Bill and Urtis, Tom|9781932802184\\n2004|Que Publishing|Automating Microsoft Access with VBA|Gunderloy, Mike and Harkins, Susan Sales|9780789745507\\n2018-11-01T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Expert@Excel : Pivot Tables and VBA Programming: Bundle: 2 Books in 1: A Step-By-Step Guide To Learn And Master Pivot Tables and VBA Programming To Get Ahead @ Work, Business And Personal Finances|Reed, Daniel|9781729165690\\n1999|*M&T Press|Microsoft Excel 2000 Power Programming with VBA|Walkenbach, John|9780764532634\\n2009|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Word 2007 Document Automation With VBA And VSTO|Driza, Scott|9781598220476\\n2017-06-12T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Excel VBA Programming for Beginners: Excel VBA 2013. Make it Easy. Practical Guide|Torrance, Charlie|9781546832881\\n2007|Que|Microsoft Office Access 2007 VBA|Diamond, Scott and Spaulding, Brent|9780789737311\\n2011|Wrox|Excel VBA 24-Hour Trainer|Urtis, Tom|9780470890691\\n2003|Course Technology PTR|Microsoft Excel VBA Professional Projects|Birnbaum, Duane|9781592000654\\n2019-03-22T00:00:01Z|Routledge|An Introduction to Excel VBA Programming|Gan, Guojun|9780367261283\\n1999|Sybex|Access 2000 VBA Handbook|Novalis, Susann|9780782123241\\n2018-09-29T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Beginning Microsoft Excel VBA Programming for Accountants: A Practical and Project Based Approach|Harlan, Mr. Derek|9781981190959\\n2004|McGraw-Hill Education|Excel VBA Macro Programming|Shepherd, Richard|9780071506823\\n2019-03-17T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Excel VBA : A Step-by-Step Simplified Guide to Excel VBA Programming Techniques, Data Reporting, Business Analysis and Tips and Tricks for Effective Strategies|Bradley, Peter|9781799246428\\n2005|Visual|Master Visually Excel 2003 VBA Programming|Kelly, Julia|9780764579738\\n2003|Wiley|Access?2003 Power Programming with VBA|Taylor, Allen G. and Andersen, Virginia|9780764525889\\n2018-10-09T00:00:01Z|Independently published|Excel VBA: Programming For Complete Beginners, Step-By-Step Illustrated Guide to Mastering Excel VBA|Skates, William B.|9781726852067\\n1999|Apress|Outlook 2000 VBA Programmers Reference|Gifford, Dwayne|9781861002532\\n2017-04-07T00:00:01Z|Chapman and Hall/CRC|An Introduction to Excel VBA Programming: with Applications in Finance and Insurance|Gan, Guojun|9781138197152\\n2019|Independently published|Expert @ Excel: VBA Programming and Power BI: Step-By-Step Guide To Learn And Master Pivot Tables and VBA Programming To Get Ahead @ Work, Business And Personal Finances|Reed, Daniel|9781090881854\\n1999|Wrox Pr Inc|Beginning Access 2000 Vba|Smith, Robert|9781861001764\\n1999|CMP|AutoCAD VBA Programming Tools and Techniques : Exploiting the Power of VBA in AutoCAD 2000|Gibb, John and Kramer, Bill|9780879305741\\n2001|Sybex|Access 2002 VBA Handbook|Novalis, Susann and Jones, Dana|9780782140132\\n|Pearson Education|Brilliant Excel VBA Programming. Ken Bluttman|Ken Bluttman,Curtis Frye|9780273771975\\n1999|Apress|Word 2000 VBA Programmers Reference|MacKenzie, Duncan and Martins, Felipe|9781861002556\\n2007|Que Publishing|VBA for the 2007 Microsoft Office System|McFedries Paul|9780132714808\\n2005|Cengage Learning PTR|Microsoft Excel VBA Programming for the Absolute Beginner, Second Edition|Birnbaum, Duane|9781592007295\\n2006|Addison-Wesley Professional|Visual Studio 2005 Tools for Office for Mere Mortals: A VBA Developer's Guide to Managed Code in Microsoft Office|McGrath, Kathleen and Stubbs, Paul|9780132701716\\n2003|Wrox|Beginning Access 2002 VBA|Smith, Robert and Sussman, Dave and Blackburn, Ian and Colby, John and Horner, Mark and Reid, Martin and Turley, Paul and Watson, Helmut|9780764544026\\n2001|For Dummies|VBA For Dummies (For Dummies (Computers))|Cummings, Steve|9780764508561\\n2001|*M&T Press|Excel 2002 Power Programming with VBA (EXCEL POWER PROGRAMMING WITH VBA)|Walkenbach, John|9780764547997\\n1997-09-01T00:00:01Z|Apress|Beginning Access 97 Vba Programming|Smith, Robert and Sussman, David|9781861000866\\n1998|Hungry Minds Inc|Vba for Dummies|Cummings, Steve|9780764502583\\n2013|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Beginning Excel VBA Programming: A concise guide to developing Excel VBA Applications and Macros|Technologies, Iducate Learning|9781490360829\\n2000|Apress|Definitive Guide to Excel VBA|Michael Kofler|9781893115798\\n2001|Prentice Hall|Office XP Development with VBA|Aitken, Peter G.|9780130654175\\n2000|Wordware|Learn Word 2000 Vba Document Automation|Driza, Scott|9781556227516\\n2005-09-28T00:00:01Z|Made Simple|VBA For Excel Made Simple (Made Simple Programming)|Darlington, Keith|9780750660976\\n2014-04-27T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|VBA Programming in Excel: Learn With Examples|Thomas, Mrs Susan|9781499283358\\n2003|Wrox Press|Beginning Access 2002 Vba|Smith, Richard and Sussman, Dave and Blackburn, Ian and Colby, John and Homer, Mark and Reid, Martin and Turley, Paul and Watson, Helmut and Blackburn, Ian and Horner, Mark and Smith, Robert|9781861008213\\n2003|Wordware Publishing, Inc.|Learn Microsoft Excel 2002: VBA Programming with XML and ASP|Korol, Julitta|9781556227615\\n2011-06-10T00:00:01Z|Crisp Pub Inc|Excel 2010: VBA Programming (Ilt)|Tremblay, Don|9781426029219\\n2010|Djoef Publishing|VBA Programming in Business Economics|Wøhlk, Sanne|9788757422672\\n2001-11T|Peer Information|Excel 2002 VBA Programmers Reference|Bovey, Rob and Rosenberg, Robert|9781861005700\\n2012-01-10t00:00:01z|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Access Vba Programming Interview Questions You'll Most Likely Be Asked|Publishers, Vibrant|9781468170894\\n1999-08-25T00:00:01Z|For Dummies|VBA For Dummies (For Dummies Series)|Cummings, Steve|9780764505676\\n1996|Wiley|Excel for Windows 95 Power Programming with VBA|Walkenbach, John|9780764530012\\n2000|Pearson|Developing Solutions with Office 2000 Components and VBA|AITKEN|9780130263056\\n2004-06-07T00:00:01Z|ANAYA MULTIMEDIA|Excel 2003 Programacion con VBA / Excel 2003 Power Programming With VBA (Programación) (Spanish Edition)|Walkenbach, John|9788441517134\\n2004-02-01T00:00:01Z|Crisp Pub Inc|Excel 2003: VBA Programming (Course ILT)|Course Technology|9780619204105\\n2004|Crisp Pub Inc|Course ILT Access 2003: VBA Programming|Course Technology|9780619203832\\n2006-03-01T00:00:01Z|Axzo Press|Access 2003: VBA Programming, 2nd Edition, Student Manual (ILT)|Axzo Press|9781423913535\\n2005|TBS|Mastering VBA|Hart-Davis, Guy|9788126506705\\n2005|Anaya Multimedia-Anaya Interactiva|Excel 2002: Programacion Con Vba/programming With Vba (Spanish Edition)|Walkenbach, John|9788441513495\\n2007|ANAYA MULTIMEDIA|Excel 2007: Programación con VBA / Power Programming With VBA (Spanish Edition)|Walkenbach, John|9788441522985\\n2019-07-03T00:00:01Z|Peter Bradley|Excel VBA - Intermediate Lessons in Excel VBA Programming for Professional Advancement|Bradley, Peter|9781393228288\\n2010|Tata Mcgraw-hill Education|Excel 2007 Vba Macro Prog.|Shepherd|9780070703483\\n1996|Apress|Beginning Access 95 Vba Programming|Smith, Robert and Sussman, David|9781874416647\\n2011|Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John|Excel Vba Programming For Dummies|John Walkenbach|9781118054352\\n2022|Independently published|EXCEL POWER PROGRAMMING WITH VBA & MACROS|BINN, CARTY|9798807092823\\n|India Professional|Microsoft Access 2010 VBA Macro Programming|Shepherd, Richard|9780071076685\\n2007|John Wiley & Sons|Excel 2007 Power Programming With Vba|John Walkenbach|9780470151303\\n19981001|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|VB & VBA in a Nutshell: The Language|Paul Lomax|9780596519919\\n|Bpb Publications|Learn Excel 2002 Vba Programming With Xml   Asp||9788176567824\\n2014|Cengage Learning|Microsoft Excel Vba Programming For The Absolute Beginner|Duane Birnbaum|9781592007301\\n2010|Electronics Industry Pub. Date :2010-12-1|Excel 2010 VBA Programming and Practice - (with CD 1)|LUO GANG JUN. ZHANG LAN XIN. HUANG ZHAO YANG.|9787121120398\\n2014|清华大学出版社|Excel application with VBA programming in Economic Management (Second Edition)(Chinese Edition)|XU JUN CHANG GUI YING|9787302368977\\n2013|Tsinghua University Press|EXCEL VBA programming applications and the Ministry of Education Practical IT personnel training in economic management textbook series(Chinese Edition)|XU JUN|9787302332091\\n2018|Andrei Besedin|Vba Bible|Andrei Besedin|9781980850618\\n1999||Beginning Vba Programming|Steve Danielson / Joe Sutphin / Mike Sussman|9781861002860\\n2004|Mcgraw-hill Osborne Media|Access Vba Programming|Brown, Charles and Petrusha, Ron|9780070594081\\n2006|John Wiley & Sons|Mastering Autocad Vba|Marion Cottingham|9780782152821\\n2004-08-18|Wiley|Excel 2002 VBA|Rob Bovey and Stephen Bullen and John Green and Robert Rosenberg|9780764558597\\n20061114|Springer Nature|AutoCAD 2006 VBA|Joe Sutphin|9781430200697\\n2007-04-09|Wiley|VBA For Dummies|John Paul Mueller|9780470126998\\n2011|Crisp Learning|Excel 2010: Vba Programming|Axzo Press|9781426029226\\n20060412|Independent Publishers Group (Chicago Review Press)|From VBA to VSTO|Dr. Gerard M. Verschuuren|9781932802603\\n2004-08-18|Wiley|Beginning Access 2002 VBA|Robert Smith and Dave Sussman and Ian Blackburn and John Colby and Mark Horner and Martin Reid and Paul Turley and Helmut Watson|9780764558788\\n2007|Crisp Pub Inc|Word 2003: Vba Programming|Michael Springer|9781418890711\\n|Course Technology Inc|Word 2003 Vba Programming||9780619205379\\n2015|Sybex|Autocad Platform Customization: Vba|Lee Ambrosius|9781118798935\\n2019|Independently Published|Excel Vba And Excel Macros: Mastering Excel Vba, Tips And Tricks Of Vba Programming And Mastering Excel Macros|Smith and Hein|9781071154335\\n20161207|Morgan & Claypool Publishers|Excel VBA for Physicists|Bernard V Liengme|9781681744629\\n20130307|Pearson International Content|Brilliant Excel VBA Programming|Curtis Frye|9780273772903\\n20080529|Springer Nature|Pro Excel 2007 VBA|Jim DeMarco|9781430205807\\n2001|Crisp Pub Inc|Course Ilt: Microsoft Vba Programming|Course Technology|9780619068202\\n2015-03-23|Wiley Professional Development (P&T)|Excel VBA 24-Hour Trainer|Tom Urtis|9781118991404\\n2013|John Wiley & Sons|Excel Vba Programming For Dummies|John Walkenbach|9781118490389\\n2001|Axzo Press|Vba Programming, Instructor's Edition (ilt)|Axzo Press|9780619068219\\n|Wiley|Excel 2007 Vba Programmer's Reference||9780470046432\\n2004|In Easy Steps Limited|Excel Vba In Easy Steps|Robinson and Ed|9780760757321\\n2015|John Wiley & Sons|Excel Vba Programming For Dummies|John Walkenbach|9781119077442\\n||Excel Vba Programming For Dummies|John Walkenbach|9780764578526\\n2011|Wiley|Excel VBA 24-hour trainer|Urtis, Tom.|9780470890691\\n20091122|McGraw-Hill Professional|Excel 2007 VBA Macro Programming|Richard Shepherd|9780071627016\\n2002|Kendall Hunt Pub Co|Introduction To Programming Using Vba|James Bates|9780787299859\\n2005|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Excel Vba Programming For Dummies|Craig D. Knuckles|9780471730583\\n04/25/2014|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Computing with Excel and VBA|Oakland University S.I. Krishan|9781449625368\\n2011-08-10|Wiley|Excel 2007 VBA Programmer's Reference|John Green and Stephen Bullen and Rob Bovey and Michael Alexander|9781118169360\\n20020625|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Writing Excel Macros with VBA|Steven Roman, PhD|9780596516963\\n20020625|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Writing Excel Macros with VBA|Steven Roman, PhD|9780596555238\\n2021-12-20|Wiley|Excel VBA Programming For Dummies|Dick Kusleika|9781119843085\\n2004-08-26|Wiley|Access VBA Programming For Dummies|Alan Simpson|9780764578564\\n20080101|Springer Nature|Definitive Guide to Excel VBA|Michael Kofler|9781430208617\\n20121018|Packt Publishing|Excel Programming with VBA Starter|Robert Martin|9781849688451\\n08/2009|Jones & Bartlett Learning|Numerical Methods with VBA Programming|The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga James Hiestand|9781449616229\\n20080101|Springer Nature|Definitive Guide to Excel VBA|Michael Kofler|9781430206668\\n2014||Engineering Analysis & Modeling With Excel Vba|Matthew E. Moran|9781495295188\\n2013-08-19|Wiley Professional Development (P&T)|Mastering VBA for Microsoft Office 2013|Richard Mansfield|9781118750223\\n2009|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Access X Power Programming With Vba|Taylor Allen G.|9780470046586\\n1999|San Francisco, Ca : Miller Freeman Books, 1999.|Autocad Vba Programming: Tools And Techniques|John Gibb and  Bill Kramer|9781929629671\\n2013|Wiley & Sons, Limited, John|Excel 2013 Power Programming With Vba|John Walkenbach|9781118491805\\n2002|Eni Publishing|It Resources, Vba Programming Access 2002|Michele Amelot|9782746015340\\n|Wiley|Excel 2007 Vba Programming For Dummies|Walkenbach, John and Pieterse, Jan P. Nederveen|9780470142363\\n02/2016|Wiley Professional Development (P&T)|Excel 2016 Power Programming with VBA|Michael Alexander, Richard Kusleika|9781119067566\\n18-09-2020|Packt Publishing|VBA Automation for Excel 2019 Cookbook|Mike Van Niekerk|9781789616330\\n2007|For Dummies|Access 2007 Vba Programming For Dummies|Joseph C. Stockman and Alan Simpson|9780470148044\\n2015-11-13|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Excel Vba Programming: Learn Excel Vba Programming Fast And Easy! (programming Is Easy) (volume 9)|Matthew Matthew Gimson|9781519269263\\n20060425|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming Excel with VBA and .NET|Jeff Webb; Steve Saunders|9781449379056\\n2011-07-05|Wiley|Excel 2007 Power Programming with VBA|John Walkenbach|9781118050682\\n20170508|Taylor & Francis|An Introduction to Excel VBA Programming|Guojun Gan|9781315280677\\n2010-04-09|Wiley|Excel 2010 Power Programming with VBA|John Walkenbach|9780470625507\\n20060425|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|Programming Excel with VBA and .NET|Jeff Webb|9780596518202\\n2011-02-08|Wiley|Excel 2007 VBA Programming For Dummies|John Walkenbach|9781118050804\\n2000|Wordware Publishing Inc.|Learn MS Excel 2000 VBA Programming|Julitta Korol|9781556227035\\n2011-02-08|Wiley|Access 2007 VBA Programming For Dummies|Joseph C. Stockman and Alan Simpson|9781118050750\\n2001|Crisp Pub Inc|Course Ilt: Microsoft Word 2000: Vba Programming|Course Technology|9780619054328\\n2001|Crisp Pub Inc|Course Ilt: Microsoft Excel 2000: Vba Programming|Course Technology|9780619022662\\n2017-01-04|In Easy Steps Limited|Excel VBA in easy steps, 2nd Ed|Mike McGrath|9781840787702\\n2007|John Wiley & Sons|Excel 2003 Power Programming With Vba Set|John Walkenbach|9780470231555\\n2011-07-28|Wiley|Structured Finance Modeling with Object-Oriented VBA|Evan Tick|9781118160664\\n2022-02-21|tredition|SAP interface programming with RFC and VBA|Karl Josef Hensel|9783347574793\\n2011-12-28|Wiley|Professional Financial Computing Using Excel and VBA|Donny C. F. Lai and Humphrey K. K. Tung and Michael C. S. Wong and Stephen Ng|9781118179086\\n2019|Independently Published|Excel Vba : A Step-by-step Comprehensive Guide On Excel Vba Programming Tips And Tricks For Effective Strategies|Peter Bradley|9781795358293\\n2007|Axzo Press|Excel 2007: Vba Programming + Certblaster, Instructor's Edition (ilt)|Axzo Press|9781423951087\\n2009|Jones & Bartlett Publishers|Excel 2007 Vba Programming With Xml And Asp|Julitta Korol|9780763782764\\n2007|Axzo Press|Excel 2007: Vba Programming + Certblaster, Student Manual (ilt)|Axzo Press|9781423951070\\n2018|Createspace Independent Publishing Platform|Excel Macros: Vba Programming For Beginners Part 1|Vijay Kumar|9781986624756\\n1997|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Microsoft Office 97 Programming With Vba For Dummies|Karen Jaskolka and Mike Gilbert|9780764501821\\n2007|Cengage Learning|Microsoft Access Vba Programming For The Absolute Beginner|Michael Vine|9781598637540\\n2008|Holy Macro! Books|Access 2007 Vba Made Accessible (visual Training Series)|Dr. Gerard Verschuuren|9781932802399\\n|Indianapolis, In : Premier Press, 2002.|Microsoft Excel Vba Programming For The Absolute Beginner||9780585439853\\n2006||Excel 2003: Vba Programming, 2nd Edition, Instructor's Edition|Axzo Press|9781418890698\\n2006-08-30|Wiley|Advanced Modelling in Finance using Excel and VBA|Mary Jackson and Mike Staunton|9780470061664\\n2007|John Wiley & Sons|Excel 2007 Power Programming With Vba (mr. Spreadsheet's Bookshelf)|John Walkenbach|9780555034408\\n2004|Crisp Pub Inc|Ms Office Excel 2003 Vba Programming Course Ilt Manual|Y Ilt Course Technology|9780619204129\\n2006|Axzo Press|Excel 2003: Vba Programming, 2nd Edition, Student Manual (ilt)|Axzo Press|9781418890681\\n1999|Microsoft Press|Microsoft Access 2000 Vba Fundamentals/mastering Set (training Kit)|Evan Callahan and Microsoft Press|9780735608146\\n2007|Axzo Press|Excel 2007: Vba Programming + Certblaster, Student Manual With Data (ilt)|Axzo Press|9781423951094\\n2018-09-10|Monday Sadiku|Excel Vba Programming:   Automating Excel Through Visual Basic For Application|Steven Bright|9781393703150\\n|Plano, Tex. : Wordware Pub., C2003.|Learn Microsoft Excel 2002 Vba Programming With Xml And Asp|Julitta Korol|9780585448312\\n2006|Axzo Press|Excel 2003: Vba Programming, 2nd Edition, Student Manual With Data (ilt)|Axzo Press|9781418890704\\n|Cram101|Studyguide For Numerical Methods With Vba Programming By James Hiestand, Isbn 9780763749644|Cram101 Textbook Reviews and James Hiestand|9781618126832\\n2002||Microsoft Excel Vba Programming For The Absolute Beginner (for The Absolute Beginner (series).)|Duane Birnbaum|9788120320536",
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    "id": "emacs-lisp",
    "name": "Emacs Lisp",
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjects": "author name avatar url language languageColor stars forks currentPeriodStars description\\nsyl20bnr spacemacs https://github.com/syl20bnr.png https://github.com/syl20bnr/spacemacs \"Emacs Lisp\" #c065db 18408 4533 255 \"A community-driven Emacs distribution - The best editor is neither Emacs nor Vim, it's Emacs *and* Vim!\"\\nhlissner doom-emacs https://github.com/hlissner.png https://github.com/hlissner/doom-emacs \"Emacs Lisp\" #c065db 3698 571 244 \"An Emacs configuration for the stubborn martian vimmer\"\\npurcell emacs.d https://github.com/purcell.png https://github.com/purcell/emacs.d \"Emacs Lisp\" #c065db 5135 1768 69 \"An Emacs configuration bundle with batteries included\"\\nbbatsov prelude https://github.com/bbatsov.png https://github.com/bbatsov/prelude \"Emacs Lisp\" #c065db 4207 1636 35 \"Prelude is an enhanced Emacs 25.1+ distribution that should make your experience with Emacs both more pleasant and more powerful.\"\\nKivy-CN Stanford-CS-229-CN https://github.com/Kivy-CN.png https://github.com/Kivy-CN/Stanford-CS-229-CN \"Emacs Lisp\" #c065db 2019 565 123 \"A Chinese Translation of Stanford CS229 notes 斯坦福机器学习CS229课程讲义的中文翻译\"\\nemacs-lsp lsp-mode https://github.com/emacs-lsp.png https://github.com/emacs-lsp/lsp-mode \"Emacs Lisp\" #c065db 1763 221 88 \"Emacs client/library for the Language Server Protocol\"\\nmanateelazycat snails https://github.com/manateelazycat.png https://github.com/manateelazycat/snails \"Emacs Lisp\" #c065db 160 12 55 \"A modern, easy-to-expand fuzzy search framework\"\\nmelpa melpa https://github.com/melpa.png https://github.com/melpa/melpa \"Emacs Lisp\" #c065db 1850 1717 28 \"Recipes and build machinery for the biggest Emacs package repo\"\\njwiegley use-package https://github.com/jwiegley.png https://github.com/jwiegley/use-package \"Emacs Lisp\" #c065db 2763 182 48 \"A use-package declaration for simplifying your .emacs\"\\nemacs-mirror emacs https://github.com/emacs-mirror.png https://github.com/emacs-mirror/emacs \"Emacs Lisp\" #c065db 2058 610 28 \"Mirror of GNU Emacs\"",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Emacs Lisp is a dialect of the Lisp programming language used as a scripting language by Emacs (a text editor family most commonly associated with GNU Emacs and XEmacs). It is used for implementing most of the editing functionality built into Emacs, the remainder being written in C (as is the Lisp interpreter itself). Emacs Lisp is also referred to as Elisp, although there is also an older, unrelated Lisp dialect with that name. Users of Emacs commonly write Emacs Lisp code to customize and extend Emacs. Other options include the \"Customize\" feature that's been in GNU Emacs since version 20. Itself written in Emacs Lisp, Customize provides a set of preferences pages allowing the user to set options and preview their effect in the running Emacs session. When the user saves their changes, Customize simply writes the necessary Emacs Lisp code to the user's config file, which can be set to a special file that only Customize uses, to avoid the possibility of messing up the users own file. Emacs Lisp can also function as a scripting language, much like the Unix Bourne shell or Perl, by calling Emacs in \"batch mode\". In this way it may be called from the command line or via an executable file, and its editing functions, such as buffers and movement commands are available to the program just as in the normal mode. No user interface is presented when Emacs is started in batch mode; it simply executes the passed-in script and exits, displaying any output from the script.",
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    "download": "https://www.sagemath.org/download.html",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "SageMath (previously Sage or SAGE, \"System for Algebra and Geometry Experimentation\") is a mathematical software with features covering many aspects of mathematics, including algebra, combinatorics, numerical mathematics, number theory, and calculus. The first version of SageMath was released on 24 February 2005 as free and open-source software under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2, with the initial goals of creating an \"open source alternative to Magma, Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB\". The originator and leader of the SageMath project, William Stein, is a mathematician at the University of Washington. SageMath uses a syntax resembling Python's supporting procedural, functional and object-oriented constructs.",
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    "lab": "University of Washington",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "sage sagews",
    "writtenIn": "html rust javascript markdown svg yaml css toml typescript json",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1116,
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    "faq": "https://doc.sagemath.org/html/en/faq/faq-general.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "projectEuler": "Sage",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # #   Funciones en Python/Sage para el trabajo con polinomios con una #   incógnita (x). # #   Copyright (C) 2014-2015, David Abián <davidabian [at] davidabian.com> # #   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it #   under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free #   Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) #   any later version. # #   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT #   ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or #   FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for #   more details. # #   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with #   this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  def pols (grado=-1, K=GF(2), mostrar=False):     \"\"\"Devuelve la lista de polinomios constantes y no constantes de     coeficientes mónicos y grado igual o menor que el especificado.     Si el grado indicado no es válido, devuelve una lista vacía.     \"\"\"     lpols = []     if not grado.is_integer():         grado = grado.round()     if grado >= 0:         var('x')         xs = vector([(x^i) for i in range(grado+1)])         V = VectorSpace(K,grado+1)         lpols = [cs*xs for cs in V]         if mostrar:             for pol in lpols:                 print pol     return lpols  def polsNoCtes (grado=-1, K=GF(2), mostrar=False):     \"\"\"Devuelve la lista de polinomios no constantes de coeficientes mónicos y     grado igual o menor que el especificado.     Si el grado indicado no es válido, devuelve una lista vacía.     \"\"\"     lpols = []     if not grado.is_integer():         grado = grado.round()     if grado >= 0:         var('x')         xs = vector([(x^i) for i in range(grado+1)])         for cs in K^(grado+1):             if cs[:grado] != vector(grado*[0]): # no constantes                 lpols += [cs*xs]         if mostrar:             for pol in lpols:                 print pol     return lpols  def polsMismoGrado (grado=-1, K=GF(2), mostrar=False):     \"\"\"Devuelve la lista de polinomios de coeficientes mónicos del grado     especificado.     Si el grado indicado no es válido, devuelve una lista vacía.     \"\"\"     lpols = []     if not grado.is_integer():         grado = grado.round()     if grado >= 0:         var('x')         xs = vector([(x^(grado-i)) for i in [0..grado]])         for cs in K^(grado+1):             if cs[0] != 0: # polinomios del mismo grado                 lpols += [cs*xs]         if mostrar:             for pol in lpols:                 print pol     return lpols  def excluirReducibles (lpols=[], mostrar=False):     \"\"\"Filtra una lista dada de polinomios de coeficientes mónicos y devuelve     aquellos irreducibles.     \"\"\"     var('x')     irreds = []     for p in lpols:         fp = (p.factor_list())         if len(fp) == 1 and fp[0][1] == 1:             irreds += [p]     if mostrar:         for pol in irreds:             print pol     return irreds  def vecPol (vec=random_vector(GF(2),0)):     \"\"\"Transforma los coeficientes dados en forma de vector en el polinomio     que representan.          Por ejemplo, con vecPol(vector([1,0,3,1])) se obtiene x³ + 3*x + 1.          Para la función opuesta, véase polVec().     \"\"\"     var('x')     xs = vector([x^(len(vec)-1-i) for i in range(len(vec))])     return vec*xs  def polVec (p=None):     \"\"\"Devuelve el vector de coeficientes del polinomio dado que acompañan a la     incógnita x, de mayor a menor grado.          Por ejemplo, con polVec(x^3 + 3*x + 1) se obtiene el vector (1, 0, 3, 1).          Para la función opuesta, véase vecPol().     \"\"\"     cs = []     if p != None:         var('x')         p(x) = p         for i in [0..p(x).degree(x)]:             cs.append(p(x).coefficient(x,i))         cs = list(reversed(cs))     return vector(cs)  def completar2 (p=0):     \"\"\"Aplica el método de completar cuadrados en parábolas al polinomio dado de     grado 2 y lo devuelve en su nueva forma.          Si el polinomio dado no es válido, devuelve 0.          Por ejemplo, con complCuad(3*x^2 + 12*x + 5) se obtiene 3*(x + 2)^2 - 7.     \"\"\"     var('x')     p(x) = p.expand()     if p(x).degree(x) != 2:         p(x) = 0     else:         cs = polVec(p(x))         p(x) = cs[0]*(x+(cs[1]/(2*cs[0])))^2+(4*cs[0]*cs[2]-cs[1]^2)/(4*cs[0])     return p(x) ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/sagemath",
    "rijuRepl_example": "print(\"Hello, world!\")",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/sagemath",
    "wikipedia_example": "sage: E2 = EllipticCurve(CC, [0,0,-2,1,1]) sage: E2 Elliptic Curve defined by y^2 + (-2.00000000000000)*y =          x^3 + 1.00000000000000*x + 1.00000000000000 over          Complex Field with 53 bits of precision sage: E2.j_invariant() 61.7142857142857",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
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    "jupyterKernel": "http://www.sagemath.org/",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SageMath",
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    "domainName": "sagemath.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Sage",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/MagicStack/MagicPython",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2015|American Mathematical Society|Sage for Undergraduates|Gregory V. Bard|9781470411114\\n2015|Springer|Numerical Analysis Using Sage (Springer Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics and Technology)|Anastassiou, George A. and Mezei, Razvan A.|9783319167381",
    "githubLanguage": "Sage",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2015|An Introduction to SAGE Programming|10.1002/9781119122869|8|2|Razvan A. Mezei|7e49bd271024001874d589cadd75a1288a5b1b56\\n2015|Numerical Analysis Using Sage|10.1007/978-3-319-16739-8|2|0|G. Anastassiou and Razvan A. Mezei|0377a3a4f43c1bacbb6c4b95fc03275b1ee5c7ee"
  },
  {
    "id": "dtrace",
    "name": "DTrace",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 26,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://dtrace.org/",
    "foundationScore": 3,
    "rank": 280,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 24085,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "inboundLinks": "berkeleydb iterm2 pony",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "githubLanguage_aliases": "dtrace-script",
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "d/DTrace.d",
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    "domainName_registered": 2010,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2010,
    "wikipedia_related": "solaris freebsd linux c assembly-language java erlang javascript perl php python ruby tcl mysql postgresql",
    "wikipedia_summary": "DTrace is a comprehensive dynamic tracing framework created by Sun Microsystems for troubleshooting kernel and application problems on production systems in real time. Originally developed for Solaris, it has since been released under the free Common Development and Distribution License (CDDL) and has been ported to several other Unix-like systems. DTrace can be used to get a global overview of a running system, such as the amount of memory, CPU time, filesystem and network resources used by the active processes. It can also provide much more fine-grained information, such as a log of the arguments with which a specific function is being called, or a list of the processes accessing a specific file. In 2010, Oracle Corporation acquired Sun Microsystems. In October 2011, Oracle announced the porting of DTrace to Linux, but for several years only an unofficial DTrace port to Linux was available, with no changes in licensing terms.In August 2017, Oracle released DTrace kernel code under the GPLv2+ license, and user space code under GPLv2 and UPL licensing. In September 2018 Microsoft announced that they had ported DTrace from FreeBSD to Windows.In September 2016 the OpenDTrace effort began on github with both code and comprehensive documentation of the system's internals.  The OpenDTrace effort maintains the original CDDL licensing for the code from OpenSolaris with additional code contributions coming under a BSD 2 Clause license.  The goal of OpenDTrace is to provide an OS agnostic, portable implementation of DTrace that is acceptable to all consumers, including macOS, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, and Linux as well as embedded systems.",
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    "description": "DTrace is a comprehensive dynamic tracing framework created by Sun Microsystems for troubleshooting kernel and application problems on production systems in real time.",
    "githubRepo_description": "DTrace is a comprehensive dynamic tracing framework created by Sun Microsystems for troubleshooting kernel and application problems on production systems in real time.",
    "lab": "Sun Microsystems",
    "rijuRepl_description": "DTrace is a comprehensive dynamic tracing framework created by Sun Microsystems for troubleshooting kernel and application problems on production systems in real time.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "# Syscall count by syscall dtrace -n 'syscall:::entry { @num[probefunc] = count(); }' # Syscall count by process dtrace -n 'syscall:::entry { @num[pid,execname] = count(); }'",
    "leachim6_example": "#!/usr/sbin/dtrace -qs BEGIN {  printf(\"Hello World\");  exit(0); } ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "/*  * This software is in the public domain.  *  * $Id: counts.d 10510 2005-08-15 01:46:19Z kateturner $  */  #pragma D option quiet  self int tottime; BEGIN {  tottime = timestamp; }  php$target:::function-entry  @counts[copyinstr(arg0)] = count(); }  END {  printf(\"Total time: %dus\\n\", (timestamp - tottime) / 1000);  printf(\"# calls by function:\\n\");  printa(\"%-40s %@d\\n\", @counts); }  ",
    "wikipedia_example": "# New processes with arguments dtrace -n 'proc:::exec-success { trace(curpsinfo->pr_psargs); }'  # Files opened by process dtrace -n 'syscall::open*:entry { printf(\"%s %s\",execname,copyinstr(arg0)); }'  # Syscall count by program dtrace -n 'syscall:::entry { @num[execname] = count(); }'  # Syscall count by syscall dtrace -n 'syscall:::entry { @num[probefunc] = count(); }'  # Syscall count by process dtrace -n 'syscall:::entry { @num[pid,execname] = count(); }'  # Disk size by process dtrace -n 'io:::start { printf(\"%d %s %d\",pid,execname,args[0]->b_bcount); }'  # Pages paged in by process dtrace -n 'vminfo:::pgpgin { @pg[execname] = sum(arg0); }'",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DTrace",
    "bookCount": 2,
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    "domainName": "dtrace.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "DTrace",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/c.tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "DTrace",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nAdvanced Apple Debugging & Reverse Engineering: Exploring Apple code through LLDB, Python and DTrace||Derek Selander|56926999|5.00|2|0\\nAdvanced Apple Debugging & Reverse Engineering Second Edition: Exploring Apple code through LLDB, Python and DTrace||raywenderlich.com Team|60459566|0.0|0|0"
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    "creators": "Stephen Kleene",
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    "tags": "queryLanguage",
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    "exampleCount": 2,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "A regular expression, regex or regexp (sometimes called a rational expression) is, in theoretical computer science and formal language theory, a sequence of characters that define a search pattern. Usually this pattern is then used by string searching algorithms for \"find\" or \"find and replace\" operations on strings. The concept arose in the 1950s when the American mathematician Stephen Cole Kleene formalized the description of a regular language. The concept came into common use with Unix text-processing utilities. Since the 1980s, different syntaxes for writing regular expressions exist, one being the POSIX standard and another, widely used, being the Perl syntax. Regular expressions are used in search engines, search and replace dialogs of word processors and text editors, in text processing utilities such as sed and AWK and in lexical analysis. Many programming languages provide regex capabilities, built-in, or via libraries.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
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    "country": "United States",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "\\b(\\d*1[1-3]th|\\d*0th|(?:(?!11st)\\d)*1st|\\d*2nd|(?:(?!13rd)\\d*)3rd|\\d*[4-9]th)\\b ",
    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/regex",
    "wikipedia_example": "Hello World  contains a character other than a, b, and c.",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression",
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    "id": "squirrel",
    "name": "Squirrel",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "creators": "Alberto Demichelis",
    "measurements": 41,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://squirrel-lang.org/",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Squirrel is a high level imperative, object-oriented programming language, designed to be a light-weight scripting language that fits in the size, memory bandwidth, and real-time requirements of applications like video games and hardware such as Electric Imp. MirthKit, a simple toolkit for making and distributing open source, cross-platform 2D games, uses Squirrel for its platform. It is used extensively by Code::Blocks for scripting and was also used in Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: My Life as a King. It is also used in Left 4 Dead 2, Portal 2 and Thimbleweed Park for scripted events.",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "//example from http://www.squirrel-lang.org/#documentation  local table = {  a = \"10\"  subtable = {   array = [1,2,3]  },  [10 + 123] = \"expression index\" } local array=[ 1, 2, 3, { a = 10, b = \"string\" } ]; foreach (i,val in array) {  ::print(\"the type of val is\"+typeof val); } ///////////////////////////////////////////// class Entity {  constructor(etype,entityname)  {   name = entityname;   type = etype;  }            x = 0;  y = 0;  z = 0;  name = null;  type = null; } function Entity::MoveTo(newx,newy,newz) {  x = newx;  y = newy;  z = newz; } class Player extends Entity {  constructor(entityname)  {   base.constructor(\"Player\",entityname)  }  function DoDomething()  {   ::print(\"something\");  }   } local newplayer = Player(\"da playar\"); newplayer.MoveTo(100,200,300); ",
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    "rijuRepl_example": "print(\"Hello, world!\\n\") ",
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    "wikipedia_example": "class BaseVector {     constructor(...)     {       if(vargv.len() >= 3) {         x = vargv[0];         y = vargv[1];         z = vargv[2];       }     }     x = 0;     y = 0;     z = 0;   }    class Vector3 extends BaseVector {     function _add(other)     {       if(other instanceof ::Vector3)         return ::Vector3(x+other.x,y+other.y,z+other.z);       else         throw \"wrong parameter\";     }     function Print()     {       ::print(x+\",\"+y+\",\"+z+\"\\n\");     }   }    local v0 = Vector3(1,2,3)   local v1 = Vector3(11,12,13)   local v2 = v0 + v1;   v2.Print();",
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    "id": "mercury",
    "name": "Mercury",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "creators": "Zoltan Somogyi",
    "measurements": 33,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.mercurylang.org",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Mercury is a functional logic programming language made for real-world uses. The first version was developed at the University of Melbourne, Computer Science department, by Fergus Henderson, Thomas Conway, and Zoltan Somogyi, under Somogyi's supervision, and released on April 8, 1995. Mercury is a purely declarative logic programming language. It is related to both Prolog and Haskell. It features a strong, static, polymorphic type system, and a strong mode and determinism system. The official implementation, the Melbourne Mercury Compiler, is available for most Unix and Unix-like platforms, including Linux, macOS, and for Windows (32bits only).",
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    "wordRank": 4418,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Mercury",
    "country": "Australia",
    "leachim6_example": ":- module hello. :- interface. :- import_module io. :- pred main(io::di, io::uo) is det.  :- implementation. main(!IO) :-  io.write_string(\"Hello World\\n\", !IO). ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "% \"Hello World\" in Mercury.  % This source file is hereby placed in the public domain.  -fjh (the author).  :- module hello. :- interface. :- import_module io.  :- pred main(io::di, io::uo) is det.  :- implementation.  main(!IO) :-  io.write_string(\"Hello, world\\n\", !IO). ",
    "subreddit": "https://www.reddit.com/r/mercury",
    "wikipedia_example": ":- module fib.  :- interface.  :- import_module io.  :- pred main(io::di, io::uo) is det.    :- implementation.  :- import_module int.   :- func fib(int) = int.  fib(N) = (if N =< 2 then 1 else fib(N - 1) + fib(N - 2)).   main(!IO) :-         io.write_string(\"fib(10) = \", !IO),         io.write_int(fib(10), !IO),         io.nl(!IO).         % Could instead use io.format(\"fib(10) = %d\\n\", [i(fib(10))], !IO).",
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    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1997|Termination Analysis for Mercury|10.1007/BFb0032740|54|5|Chris Speirs and Z. Somogyi and H. Søndergaard|afd089a38347a3178697994b632d3e6784aeda36\\n1999|Binding-Time Analysis for Mercury|10.1007/978-3-540-25951-0_7|48|0|W. Vanhoof and M. Bruynooghe and M. Leuschel|5bd60c5d80b234b49725517c2b10772b10ea6a84\\n1995|Code Generation for Mercury|10.7551/mitpress/4301.003.0029|28|4|T. Conway and F. Henderson and Z. Somogyi|4495652c540b6eb9d882094e2ee27e4db4238a28\\n2001|Practical Aspects for a Working Compile Time Garbage Collection System for Mercury|10.1007/3-540-45635-X_15|23|3|Nancy Mazur and Peter Ross and Gerda Janssens and M. Bruynooghe|ff30b7100bb6ef27513cabbe174ae3a29a192715\\n2000|Type classes in Mercury|10.1109/ACSC.2000.824391|20|1|D. Jeffery and F. Henderson and Z. Somogyi|c90f163e576bc4119d3b8a48c3be6ffbe815822e\\n2002|Compiling Mercury to High-Level C Code|10.1007/3-540-45937-5_15|16|1|F. Henderson and Z. Somogyi|5a7db270bdc56ffb9100f6e4ced19789e176e37d\\n2017|Advanced Stochastic Petri Net Modeling with the Mercury Scripting Language|10.1145/3150928.3150959|16|1|Danilo Oliveira and Rúbens de Souza Matos Júnior and J. Dantas and João Ferreira and B. Silva and G. Callou and P. Maciel and A. Brinkmann|2f67f3aa94cae7cb1244c7bd2dbf5d9c1ece3456\\n2000|A Module Based Analysis for Memory Reuse in Mercury|10.1007/3-540-44957-4_84|15|0|Nancy Mazur and Gerda Janssens and M. Bruynooghe|966db383f6ccc53e32ffc6a91b01d289ae7c7988\\n2003|Use of an Integrated Mercury Food Web Model for Ecological Risk Assessment|10.1081/ESE-120021120|13|0|J. G. Hunter and J. Burger and K. Cooper|e22703dd3f7cf52216853149b4ee4934335ad65b\\n2000|Binding-Time Analysis by Constraint Solving. A Modular and Higher-Order Approach for Mercury|10.1007/3-540-44404-1_25|12|0|W. Vanhoof|d89ec979c59b1e0c9164a8479f018d10944e48f6\\n2006|Adding Constraint Solving to Mercury|10.1007/11603023_9|12|0|Ralph Becket and M. G. D. L. Banda and K. Marriott and Z. Somogyi and Peter James Stuckey and M. Wallace|88c71f5bdc9af4a3bc29b2de8ddba0e7a0bb666f\\n2008|Runtime support for region-based memory management in Mercury|10.1145/1375634.1375644|8|0|Quan Phan and Z. Somogyi and Gerda Janssens|d3f72cc56eb31c33daaaeeb7a3a4bbc322d64685\\n2007|Static Region Analysis for Mercury|10.1007/978-3-540-74610-2_22|7|0|Quan Phan and Gerda Janssens|0b125fbd478c191fe9cb4a53c2f0575f9c86a506\\n2007|Inductive Mercury Programming|10.1007/978-3-540-73847-3_23|2|0|B. Fisher and J. Cussens|f8d6f78ad98b6d3df1bd1bcad46020442b109d52\\n1999|Binding-Time Analysis for Mercury|10.7551/mitpress/4304.003.0042|1|0|D. D. Schreye|fd1f327efbfde4efe8219025b0a0481c93f8b1b2\\n2011|Automatic Parallelism in Mercury|10.4230/LIPIcs.ICLP.2011.251|1|0|P. Bone|9fca42be3c532df8a750821255b2869a27b1da41"
  },
  {
    "id": "wenyan",
    "name": "文言文編程語言",
    "appeared": 2019,
    "creators": "Lingdong Huang",
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://wy-lang.org/",
    "spec": "https://wy-lang.org/spec.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.4.0",
    "rank": 284,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 24078,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/wenyan-lang/wenyan",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2019,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 249,
    "githubRepo_forks": 1098,
    "githubRepo_stars": 19514,
    "githubRepo_issues": 203,
    "isFinished": false,
    "nativeLanguage": "Chinese",
    "aka": "wenyan",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2019,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2023,
    "repoStats_commits": 1039,
    "repoStats_committers": 67,
    "repoStats_files": 163,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 83795,
    "webRepl": "https://wy-lang.org/ide.html",
    "description": "文言文編程語言 A programming language for the ancient Chinese.",
    "githubRepo_description": "文言文編程語言 A programming language for the ancient Chinese.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "文言文編程語言 A programming language for the ancient Chinese.",
    "writtenIn": "typescript markdown javascript json html yaml svg css make toml",
    "compilesTo": "javascript python ruby",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 22877,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 30,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "example": "吾有一數。曰三。名之曰「甲」。 為是「甲」遍。  吾有一言。曰「「問天地好在。」」。書之。 云云。",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/wenyan-lang/wenyan",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "ink",
    "name": "ink",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "creators": "Joseph Humfrey",
    "measurements": 20,
    "tags": "esolang",
    "website": "http://www.inklestudios.com/ink",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v1.1.1",
    "rank": 285,
    "exampleCount": 3,
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    "pldbScore": 24076,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/inkle/ink",
    "primaryTag": "esolang",
    "githubRepo_created": 2016,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2015,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 116,
    "githubRepo_forks": 483,
    "githubRepo_stars": 3991,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "i/Ink.ink",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2015,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
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    "repoStats_mb": 10,
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    "description": "Ink is inkle's scripting language for writing interactive narrative, both for text-centric games as well as more graphical games that contain highly branching stories.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Ink is inkle's scripting language for writing interactive narrative, both for text-centric games as well as more graphical games that contain highly branching stories.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/inkle",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Ink is inkle's scripting language for writing interactive narrative, both for text-centric games as well as more graphical games that contain highly branching stories.",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "ink",
    "writtenIn": "csharp markdown xml json powershell bourne-shell yaml",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
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    "latestMajorVersion": 1,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 3033,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "example": "- I looked at Monsieur Fogg *   ... and I could contain myself no longer.     'What is the purpose of our journey, Monsieur?'     'A wager,' he replied.     * *     'A wager!'[] I returned.             He nodded.             * * *   'But surely that is foolishness!'             * * *  'A most serious matter then!'             - - -   He nodded again.             * * *   'But can we win?'                     'That is what we will endeavour to find out,' he answered.             * * *   'A modest wager, I trust?'                     'Twenty thousand pounds,' he replied, quite flatly.             * * *   I asked nothing further of him then[.], and after a final, polite cough, he  offered nothing more to me. <>     * *     'Ah[.'],' I replied, uncertain what I thought.     - -     After that, <> *   ... but I said nothing[] and <> - we passed the day in silence. - -> END",
    "leachim6_example": "Hello World ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/ink",
    "rijuRepl_example": "std := load('../../../opt/ink/std') str := load('../../../opt/ink/str')  log := std.log  log('Hello, world!') ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/inklestudios",
    "leachim6": "Ink",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/inkle/ink",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "expect",
    "name": "Expect",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "measurements": 19,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://core.tcl.tk/expect/index",
    "foundationScore": 23,
    "rank": 286,
    "exampleCount": 2,
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    "hoplId": 1622,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 23,
    "inboundLinks": "ad-hoc beef borgo cir cmake crmsh dern ec ecl flow hhvm icarus invokator java menhir micropython oil plasma poke racket reko-decompiler skip wonkey",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1990,
    "wikipedia_related": "tcl unix regex python ruby perl",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Expect, an extension to the Tcl scripting language written by Don Libes, is a program to automate interactions with programs that expose a text terminal interface.  Expect was originally written in 1990 for Unix systems, but has since become available for Microsoft Windows and other systems.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 198,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 52,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 273,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1161030,
    "lab": "www.tcl.tk/community/coreteam",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1011,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 21,
    "clocExtensions": "exp",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 2323,
    "country": "Various",
    "example": "# Assume $remote_server, $my_user_id, $my_password, and $my_command were read in earlier # in the script. # Open a telnet session to a remote server, and wait for a username prompt. spawn telnet $remote_server expect \"username:\" # Send the username, and then wait for a password prompt. send \"$my_user_id\\r\" expect \"password:\" # Send the password, and then wait for a shell prompt. send \"$my_password\\r\" expect \"%\" # Send the prebuilt command, and then wait for another shell prompt. send \"$my_command\\r\" expect \"%\" # Capture the results of the command into a variable. This can be displayed, or written to disk. set results $expect_out(buffer) # Exit the telnet session, and wait for a special end-of-file character. send \"exit\\r\" expect eof",
    "wikipedia_example": "#timeout is a predefined variable in expect which by default is set to 10 sec #spawn_id is another default variable in expect. #It is good practice to close spawn_id handle created by spawn command set timeout 60 spawn ssh $user@machine while {1} {   expect {      eof                          {break}     \"The authenticity of host\"   {send \"yes\\r\"}     \"password:\"                  {send \"$password\\r\"}     \"*\\]\"                        {send \"exit\\r\"}   } } wait close $spawn_id",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expect",
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    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1622",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n20170525|World Scientific Publishing|Expect The Unexpected: A First Course In Biostatistics|Raluca Balan; Gilles Lamothe|9789813209084\\n2015|Apress|Windows 10 Primer: What to Expect from Microsoft's New Operating System|Halsey, Mike|9781484210468\\n2021|World Scientific Publishing Company|Expect the Unexpected: A First Course in Biostatistics (Second Edition)|Raluca Balan|9789813209060"
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  {
    "id": "smtp",
    "name": "SMTP",
    "appeared": 1982,
    "creators": "Jon Postel",
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 287,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 24073,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 2,
    "inboundLinks": "nntp tmtp",
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    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol",
    "aka": "smtp",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1982,
    "wikipedia_related": "ftp http tls tcp udp ascii mime utf-8 mbox doi",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is an Internet standard for electronic mail (email) transmission. First defined by RFC 821 in 1982, it was last updated in 2008 with Extended SMTP additions by RFC 5321, which is the protocol in widespread use today. Although electronic mail servers and other mail transfer agents use SMTP to send and receive mail messages, user-level client mail applications typically use SMTP only for sending messages to a mail server for relaying. For retrieving messages, client applications usually use either IMAP or POP3. SMTP communication between mail servers uses TCP port 25. Mail clients on the other hand, often submit the outgoing emails to a mail server on port 587. Despite being deprecated, mail providers sometimes still permit the use of nonstandard port 465 for this purpose. SMTP connections secured by TLS, known as SMTPS, can be made using STARTTLS. Although proprietary systems (such as Microsoft Exchange and IBM Notes) and webmail systems (such as Outlook.com, Gmail and Yahoo! Mail) use their own non-standard protocols to access mail box accounts on their own mail servers, all use SMTP when sending or receiving email from outside their own systems.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2662,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 794,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1436,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 27675,
    "paper": "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc788",
    "lab": "USC Viterbi School of Engineering",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 13330,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 15,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "docs": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5321",
    "fileType": "na",
    "wordRank": 9812,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "S: 220 smtp2.example.com ESMTP Postfix C: EHLO bob.example.com S: 250-smtp2.example.com Hello bob.example.org [192.0.2.201] S: 250-SIZE 14680064 S: 250-PIPELINING S: 250 HELP",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol",
    "bookCount": 1,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nProgrammer's Guide to Internet Mail: Smtp, Pop, Imap, and LDAP|1999|John Rhoton|1056515|4.00|6|1"
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  {
    "id": "wolfram",
    "name": "Wolfram Language",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "creators": "Stephen Wolfram",
    "measurements": 33,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.wolfram.com/language/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 288,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 24070,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "w/WolframLanguage.wl",
    "meetup_memberCount": 721,
    "meetup_groupCount": 4,
    "aka": "wolframlanguage",
    "webRepl": "https://www.wolframcloud.com/",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1988,
    "wikipedia_related": "mathematica-editor apl c lisp pascal prolog simula smalltalk julia mathematica unity-engine",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Wolfram Language, a general multi-paradigm programming language developed by Wolfram Research, is the programming language of mathematical symbolic computation program Mathematica and the Wolfram Programming Cloud. It emphasizes symbolic computation, functional programming, and rule-based programming and can employ arbitrary structures and data. It includes built-in functions for generating and running Turing machines, creating graphics and audio, analyzing 3D models, matrix manipulations, and solving differential equations. It is extensively documented. The Wolfram language was released for the Raspberry Pi in 2013 with the goal of making it free for all Raspberry Pi users. It was controversially included in the recommended software bundle that the Raspberry Pi Foundation provides for beginners. Plans to port the Wolfram language to the Intel Edison were announced after the board's introduction at CES 2014. There was also a short lived proposal to make Wolfram libraries compatible with the Unity game engine, giving game developers access to the language's high level functions.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2013,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 199,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 123,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 156,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 40205956,
    "lab": "Wolfram Research",
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    "isOpenSource": "false",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1626,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 40,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "fileType": "text",
    "helloWorldCollection": "(* Hello world in Wolfram Language *)  CloudDeploy[\"Hello World\"]",
    "leachim6_example": "Print[\"Hello World\"]; ",
    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/wolframlanguage",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/wolframlanguage",
    "rijuRepl_example": "Print[\"Hello, world!\"] ",
    "leachim6": "WolframLanguage",
    "meetup": "https://www.meetup.com/topics/wolfram",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "(* *)",
    "printToken": "Print",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": false,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasOperatorOverloading": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "hasSwitch": true,
    "jupyterKernel": "https://github.com/mmatera/iwolfram",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram_Language",
    "bookCount": 2,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "tiobe": "Wolfram",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nAn Elementary Introduction to the Wolfram Language|2015|Stephen Wolfram|47752634|4.22|63|9\\nHands-On Start to Wolfram Mathematica: And Programming with the Wolfram Language|2015|Cliff Hastings|46155341|4.29|14|2"
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  {
    "id": "pov-ray-sdl",
    "name": "POV-Ray SDL",
    "appeared": 1991,
    "creators": "Chris Cason",
    "measurements": 26,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v3.8.0-x.tokenizer.9996595",
    "rank": 289,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 26,
    "pldbScore": 24069,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/POV-Ray/povray",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 482,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 493,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 3,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "pov-ray or povray",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.pov-ray sdl",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2013,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2013,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 99,
    "githubRepo_forks": 282,
    "githubRepo_stars": 1334,
    "githubRepo_issues": 207,
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 12,
    "aka": "POVRay",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "graphics.py",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2013,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 1035,
    "repoStats_committers": 23,
    "repoStats_files": 11792,
    "repoStats_mb": 190,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 2085034,
    "lab": "Persistence of Vision Raytracer Pty. Ltd",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "pov inc",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "pov inc",
    "writtenIn": "cpp c html xml ini bourne-shell make m4 markdown pascal yaml ada assembly-language cmake csharp css perl smalltalk sas awk python wasm powershell javascript diff php",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2404,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 55,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 3,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "http://www.povray.org/documentation/view/3.6.0/224/",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "// This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. // To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ or send a // letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.  // Persistence Of Vision Ray Tracer Include File // File: water.inc // Desc: water for 'balcony.pov' demonstration scene // Date: July/August 2001 // Auth: Christoph Hormann  // Updated: 09Aug2008 (jh) for v3.7 distribution  /*%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%*/  #if (version < 3.7)   #version 3.5; #end  #include \"functions.inc\"  #declare RMF=function{ f_ridged_mf(x, y, z, 0.07, 2.2,  7, 0.6, 0.9, 1)}  #declare M_Watx4 = material {   texture {     pigment {       color rgbt <0.2, 0.22, 0.21, 0.94>     }     finish {       diffuse 0.0       ambient -0.2        reflection {         0.0, 0.95         fresnel on       }        conserve_energy        specular 0.4       roughness 0.007     }     normal{       function { RMF(x, y, z) } 0.8       scale 0.3     }   }   interior {     ior 1.31     fade_distance 5     fade_power 1001.0     fade_color <0.02, 0.20, 0.06>   } }  plane {   z, -1   material {     M_Watx4   }   hollow on }  plane {   z, -12.0    texture {     pigment { color rgb 0 }     finish { ambient 0.0 diffuse 0.0 }   }   hollow on }  /*%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%*/",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "POVRay",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/POV-Ray/povray",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "POV-Ray SDL",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/c-lipka/language-povray",
    "githubLanguage": "POV-Ray SDL"
  },
  {
    "id": "openscad",
    "name": "OpenSCAD",
    "appeared": 2010,
    "creators": "Marius Kintel and Clifford Wolf",
    "measurements": 31,
    "tags": "pl cad 3d",
    "website": "http://www.openscad.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 290,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "writtenInCount": 23,
    "pldbScore": 24069,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "csg",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/openscad/openscad",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 1469,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 1781,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 10989,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 3,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjects": "author name avatar url language languageColor stars forks currentPeriodStars description\\nmaduce fosscad-repo https://github.com/maduce.png https://github.com/maduce/fosscad-repo OpenSCAD #ccc 650 518 22 \"Official FOSSCAD Library Repository\"\\nprusa3d Original-Prusa-i3 https://github.com/prusa3d.png https://github.com/prusa3d/Original-Prusa-i3 OpenSCAD #ccc 859 494 22 \"Original Prusa i3 MK2 3D printer printed parts\"",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "scad",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.scad",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 12,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2011,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2017,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 2,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 2,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2009,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 12480,
    "repoStats_committers": 312,
    "repoStats_files": 3508,
    "repoStats_mb": 80,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 505908,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2010,
    "wikipedia_related": "opengl linux freebsd ia-32 dxf",
    "wikipedia_summary": "OpenSCAD is a free software application for creating solid 3D CAD (computer-aided design) objects. It is a script-only based modeller that uses its own description language; parts can be previewed, but it cannot be interactively selected or modified by mouse in the 3D view. An OpenSCAD script specifies geometric primitives (such as spheres, boxes, cylinders, etc.) and defines how they are modified and combined (for instance by intersection, difference, envelope combination and Minkowski sums) to render a 3D model. As such, the program does constructive solid geometry (CSG). OpenSCAD is available for Windows, Linux and OS X.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 100,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 126,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 132,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 25778048,
    "description": "OpenSCAD is a 2D/3D and solid modeling program which is based on a Functional programming language used to create models that are previewed on the screen, and rendered into 3D mesh which allows the model to be exported in a variety of 2D/3D file formats. A script in the OpenSCAD language is used to create 2D or 3D models. This script is a free format list of action statements.",
    "githubRepo_description": "OpenSCAD is a 2D/3D and solid modeling program which is based on a Functional programming language used to create models that are previewed on the screen, and rendered into 3D mesh which allows the model to be exported in a variety of 2D/3D file formats. A script in the OpenSCAD language is used to create 2D or 3D models. This script is a free format list of action statements.",
    "lab": "https://opencollective.com/openscad",
    "rijuRepl_description": "OpenSCAD is a 2D/3D and solid modeling program which is based on a Functional programming language used to create models that are previewed on the screen, and rendered into 3D mesh which allows the model to be exported in a variety of 2D/3D file formats. A script in the OpenSCAD language is used to create 2D or 3D models. This script is a free format list of action statements.",
    "fileExtensions": "scad",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "scad",
    "writtenIn": "cpp svg bourne-shell json xml qt cmake markdown python yaml diff c javascript html css objective-cpp glsl yacc lex make nix bash dockerfile",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1034,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 58,
    "irc": "https://web.libera.chat/?channel=#openscad",
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "clocExtensions": "scad",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Openscad",
    "country": "Norway",
    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSCAD",
    "example": " cube(5);  x = 4+y;  rotate(40) square(5,10);  translate([10,5]) { circle(5); square(4); }  rotate(60) color(\"red\") { circle(5); square(4); }  color(\"blue\") { translate([5,3,0]) sphere(5); rotate([45,0,45]) { cylinder(10); cube([5,6,7]); } }",
    "mastodon": "https://floss.social/@OpenSCAD",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "// Simple sphere in OpenSCAD  sphere( r=10 ); ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/openscad",
    "rijuRepl_example": "echo(\"Hello, world!\"); ",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/openscad/openscad",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSCAD",
    "bookCount": 2,
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    "githubBigQuery": "OpenSCAD",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/tbuser/openscad.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2019||Python For Openscad|John Craig|9781074400675\\n2020-09-22|Elektor International Media|Technical Modeling with OpenSCAD|Tam Hanna|9783895763946",
    "githubLanguage": "OpenSCAD"
  },
  {
    "id": "hack",
    "name": "Hack",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "creators": "Julien Verlaguet and Alok Menghrajani and Drew Paroski",
    "measurements": 36,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://hacklang.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 291,
    "exampleCount": 5,
    "pldbScore": 24068,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 2993,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 3242,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 68473,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 2,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjects": "author name avatar url language languageColor stars forks currentPeriodStars description\\nfacebook fbctf https://github.com/facebook.png https://github.com/facebook/fbctf Hack #878787 5992 1205 31 \"Platform to host Capture the Flag competitions\"",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "php",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "php",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "application/x-httpd-php",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.hack",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "h/Hack.hh",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 509,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2005,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
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    "tiobe_currentRank": 33,
    "domainName_registered": 2013,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2014,
    "wikipedia_related": "php ocaml java csharp scala haskell actionscript html parrot-vm",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Hack is a programming language for the HipHop Virtual Machine (HHVM), created by Facebook as a dialect of PHP. The language implementation is open-source, licensed under the BSD License. Hack allows programmers to use both dynamic typing and static typing. This kind of a type system is called gradual typing, which is also implemented in other programming languages such as ActionScript. Hack's type system allows types to be specified for function arguments, function return values, and class properties; however, types of local variables are always inferred and cannot be specified.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2014,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 243,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 156,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 209,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 42257880,
    "lab": "Facebook",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "hack hh hhi php",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "hh",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1436,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 19,
    "expandedMeasurements": 43,
    "numberOfCreators": 3,
    "docs": "https://docs.hhvm.com/hack/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 8412,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Hack",
    "helloWorldCollection": "<?hh // Hello world in Hack echo 'Hello World';",
    "leachim6_example": "<?hh echo \"Hello World\"; ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "<?hh // strict /**  * Copyright (c) 2014, Facebook, Inc.  * All rights reserved.  *  * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the  * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant  * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.  *  */  function startup(): void {   setup_errors(); } ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/hack",
    "rijuRepl_example": "<<__EntryPoint>> function main(): void {   echo \"Hello, world!\\n\"; }",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/hacklang",
    "wikipedia_example": "<?hh // Hack functions are annotated with types. function negate(bool $x): bool {     return !$x; }",
    "leachim6": "Hack",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "printToken": "echo",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFirstClassFunctions": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hack_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 27,
    "paperCount": 3,
    "tiobe": "Hack",
    "domainName": "hacklang.org",
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It provides  functions for reading and writing packed files opened in Raw mode. *)  IMPORT IOChan, IOLink, ChanConsts, IOConsts, SYSTEM, Strings; FROM Storage IMPORT ALLOCATE, DEALLOCATE;  CONST   rbldFrq = 512; (* means: every 512 bytes rebuild table *)  TYPE   charTap  = POINTER TO ARRAY [0..MAX(INTEGER)-1] OF CHAR;   smbTp = POINTER TO smbT;    smbT = RECORD   (* Huffman's tree *)     ch   : CHAR;     n   : CARDINAL; (* frequncy of char ch *)     left,right,next : smbTp;   END;    tblT = RECORD  (* bit sequence for code *)     vl  : CARDINAL; (* bit sequence *)     cnt  : INTEGER; (* it length *)   END;    lclDataT = RECORD (* channel's local data *)     tRoot  : smbTp;     htbl : ARRAY [0..255] OF tblT;     (* code -> bit sequence table *)     ftbl   : ARRAY [0..255] OF CARDINAL; (* frequncey table *)     wBf,rb1,rb2 : CARDINAL;     wbc,rbc,smc : INTEGER;     chid : IOChan.ChanId;   END;   lclDataTp = POINTER TO lclDataT;   charp     = POINTER TO CHAR;  VAR   did : IOLink.DeviceId; 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    END;     s^.next:=cr^.next;     cr^.next:=s;   END; END Insert;  PROCEDURE BuildTree(); (* build Huffman's tree *) VAR   cr,ocr,ncr : smbTp; BEGIN   WITH ldt^ DO     LOOP       ocr:=NIL; cr:=tRoot;       WHILE cr^.next^.next<>NIL  DO  ocr:=cr; cr:=cr^.next;       END;       NEW(ncr);       ncr^.n:=cr^.n+cr^.next^.n;       ncr^.left:=cr;       ncr^.right:=cr^.next;       IF ocr<>NIL THEN  ocr^.next:=NIL;  Insert(ncr);       ELSE  tRoot:=NIL;  Insert(ncr);  EXIT;       END;     END;   END; END BuildTree;  PROCEDURE BuildTable(cr: smbTp; vl,n: CARDINAL); (* build table: code -> bit sequence *) BEGIN   WITH ldt^ DO     IF cr^.left=NIL THEN       htbl[ORD(cr^.ch)].vl:=vl;       htbl[ORD(cr^.ch)].cnt:=n;       DISPOSE(cr);       RETURN;     END;     vl:=vl*2;     BuildTable(cr^.left,vl,n+1);     BuildTable(cr^.right,vl+1,n+1);     DISPOSE(cr);   END; END BuildTable;  PROCEDURE clcTab(); (* build code/bitseq. table from frequency table *) VAR   i : CARDINAL;   s : smbTp; BEGIN   WITH ldt^ DO     tRoot:=NIL;     FOR i:=0 TO 255 DO       NEW(s);       s^.ch:=CHR(i);       s^.n:=ftbl[i];       s^.left:=NIL; s^.right:=NIL; s^.next:=NIL;       Insert(s);     END;     BuildTree();     BuildTable(tRoot,0,0);   END; END clcTab;  PROCEDURE iniHuf(); VAR   i : CARDINAL; BEGIN   WITH ldt^ DO     FOR i:=0 TO 255 DO       ftbl[i]:=1;     END;     wBf:=0; wbc:=0; rb1:=0; rb2:=0; rbc:=0;     smc:=0;     clcTab();   END; END iniHuf;   PROCEDURE RawWrite(x: IOLink.DeviceTablePtr; buf: SYSTEM.ADDRESS;   len: CARDINAL); VAR   i : CARDINAL;   ch : CHAR;   cht : charTap; BEGIN   IF len = 0 THEN RETURN; END;   ldt:=SYSTEM.CAST(lclDataTp,x^.cd);   cht:=SYSTEM.CAST(charTap,buf);   WITH ldt^ DO     FOR i:=0 TO len-1 DO       ch:=cht^[i];       wrSmb(ch);       IF ch = 377C THEN wrSmb(ch); END;       ftbl[ORD(ch)]:=ftbl[ORD(ch)]+1; smc:=smc+1;       IF smc=rbldFrq THEN  clcTab();  smc:=0;       END;     END;   END;   x^.result:=IOChan.ReadResult(ldt^.chid); END RawWrite;  PROCEDURE RawRead(x: IOLink.DeviceTablePtr; buf: SYSTEM.ADDRESS;   blen: CARDINAL; VAR len: CARDINAL); VAR   i : CARDINAL;   cht : charTap;   ch : CHAR; BEGIN   ldt:=SYSTEM.CAST(lclDataTp,x^.cd);   cht:=SYSTEM.CAST(charTap,buf);   IF (blen=0) OR (x^.result<>IOConsts.allRight) THEN len:=0; RETURN; END;   WITH ldt^ DO     FOR i:=0 TO blen-1 DO       ch:=getSym();       IF ch = 377C THEN  ch:=getSym();  IF ch = 0C THEN    x^.result:=IOConsts.endOfInput;    len:=i; cht^[i]:=0C;    RETURN;  END;       END;       cht^[i]:=ch;       ftbl[ORD(ch)]:=ftbl[ORD(ch)]+1; smc:=smc+1;       IF smc=rbldFrq THEN  clcTab();  smc:=0;       END;     END;     len:=blen;   END; END RawRead;  PROCEDURE CreateAlias(VAR cid: ChanId; io: ChanId; VAR res: OpenResults); VAR   x : IOLink.DeviceTablePtr; BEGIN   IOLink.MakeChan(did,cid);   IF cid = IOChan.InvalidChan() THEN     res:=ChanConsts.outOfChans   ELSE     NEW(ldt);     IF ldt=NIL THEN       IOLink.UnMakeChan(did,cid);       res:=ChanConsts.outOfChans;       RETURN;     END;     x:=IOLink.DeviceTablePtrValue(cid,did,IOChan.notAvailable,\"\");     ldt^.chid:=io;     x^.cd:=ldt;     x^.doRawWrite:=RawWrite;     x^.doRawRead:=RawRead;     res:=ChanConsts.opened;     iniHuf();     x^.result:=IOConsts.allRight;   END; END CreateAlias;  PROCEDURE DeleteAlias(VAR cid: ChanId); VAR   x : IOLink.DeviceTablePtr; BEGIN   x:=IOLink.DeviceTablePtrValue(cid,did,IOChan.notAvailable,\"\");   ldt:=x^.cd;   IF ldt^.rbc=0 THEN     wrSmb(377C);     wrSmb(0C);     flush();   END;   DISPOSE(ldt);   IOLink.UnMakeChan(did,cid); END DeleteAlias;  BEGIN   IOLink.AllocateDeviceId(did); END HuffChan. 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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "applescript",
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    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "scripting.py",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "AppleScript is a scripting language created by Apple Inc. and built into the Classic Mac OS since System 7 and into all versions of macOS. The term \"AppleScript\" may refer to the scripting system itself, to an individual script written in the AppleScript language, or to the language itself.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
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    "lab": "Apple",
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    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "scpt",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "applescript",
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    "influencedBy": "hypertalk",
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    "docs": "https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/AppleScript/Conceptual/AppleScriptLangGuide/introduction/ASLR_intro.html",
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    "helloWorldCollection": "-- \"Hello World\" in AppleScript:  display dialog \"Hello World\" ",
    "leachim6_example": "display dialog \"Hello World\" ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "(* Get User Name  This script uses UI element scripting to get the name for the current user.  If \"Enable access for assistive devices\" is not checked, this script will open the Universal Access System Preference and ask the user to check the checkbox.  Copyright 2007 Apple Inc.  You may incorporate this Apple sample code into your program(s) without restriction.  This Apple sample code has been provided \"AS IS\" and the responsibility for its operation is yours.  You are not permitted to redistribute this Apple sample code as \"Apple sample code\" after having made changes.  If you're going to redistribute the code, we require that you make it clear that the code was descended from Apple sample code, but that you've made changes. *)  tell application \"System Preferences\"  activate  set current pane to pane \"com.apple.preferences.users\" end tell  tell application \"System Events\"  if UI elements enabled then   tell tab group 1 of window \"Accounts\" of process \"System Preferences\"    click radio button 1    delay 2    get value of text field 1   end tell  else   tell application \"System Preferences\"    activate    set current pane to pane \"com.apple.preference.universalaccess\"    display dialog \"UI element scripting is not enabled. Check \\\"Enable access for assistive devices\\\"\"   end tell  end if end tell",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "AppleScript",
    "wikipedia_example": "tell application \"Finder\"  set anyNumber to my (random number from 5 to 50) end tell",
    "leachim6": "AppleScript",
    "lineCommentToken": "--",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "(* *)",
    "printToken": "display dialog",
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    "hasGarbageCollection": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMessagePassing": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppleScript",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1830",
    "tiobe": "Applescript",
    "githubBigQuery": "AppleScript",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/applescript.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2009|Peachpit Press|Apple Training Series: AppleScript 1-2-3|Soghoian, Sal and Cheeseman, Bill|9780321149312\\n2004|John Wiley &Sons|Beginning AppleScript|Kochan, Stephen G.|9780764574009\\n2004|For Dummies|AppleScript For Dummies|Trinko, Tom|9780764574948\\n2007|Cengage Learning PTR|AppleScript Programming for the Absolute Beginner|Ford Jr., Jerry Lee|9781598633849\\n2006|Cengage Learning PTR|AppleScript Studio Programming for the Absolute Beginner|Ford, Jr.  Jerry Lee|9781598633030\\n2001|O'Reilly Media|AppleScript in a Nutshell: A Desktop Quick Reference (In a Nutshell (O'Reilly))|Perry, Bruce W.|9781565928411\\n2001|Peachpit Pr|AppleScript for Applications (Visual QuickStart Guide)|Wilde, Ethan|9780201716139\\n2006|O'reilly|Applescript|Neuburg, Matt.|\\n20010606|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|AppleScript in a Nutshell|Bruce W. Perry|9781491946374\\n20010606|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|AppleScript in a Nutshell|Bruce W. Perry|9781491946367\\n2009-10-29|Wiley|Apple Automator with AppleScript Bible|Thomas Myer|9780470604311\\n2007|Course Technology Ptr|Applescript Programming For The Absolute Beginner|Jerry Lee Jr. Ford|9781598636208",
    "githubLanguage": "AppleScript",
    "indeedJobs": "applescript developer",
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    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nAppleScript for Dummies|1995|Tom Trinko|2171980|3.75|4|1\\nAppleScript Programming for the Absolute Beginner|2007|Jerry Lee Ford Jr.|3055205|3.20|5|0\\nAppleScript Pocket Reference: The Essential AppleScript Language Reference|2006|Matt Neuburg|6294483|0.0|0|0"
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    "id": "mgmt",
    "name": "mgmt",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "creators": "James Shubin",
    "measurements": 20,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://purpleidea.com/tags/mgmtconfig/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.0.26",
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    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 24037,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/purpleidea/mgmt",
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    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 30687,
    "lab": "https://github.com/purpleidea/mgmt/issues",
    "writtenIn": "go yaml bourne-shell markdown svg make python bash dockerfile yacc lisp smarty puppet restructuredtext",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 4504,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 35,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "Canada",
    "reference": "https://fosdem.org/2020/schedule/event/mgmtconfigmore/",
    "example": "import \"datetime\" $is_friday = datetime.weekday(datetime.now()) == \"friday\" file \"/srv/files/\" {  state => $const.res.file.state.exists,  mode => if $is_friday { # this updates the mode, the instant it changes!    \"0550\"  } else {    \"0770\"  }, }",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/purpleidea",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/purpleidea/mgmt",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "hasComments": true,
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    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2008|Cambridge University Press|Differential Games Econ Mgmt Sci|Dockner, Engelbert J.|9780521637329\\n1994|Allyn & Bacon|Sm Quantitative Analysis Mgmt Aie|RENDER|9780205153800"
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  {
    "id": "rexx",
    "name": "Rexx",
    "appeared": 1979,
    "creators": "Mike Cowlishaw",
    "measurements": 40,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 5,
    "rank": 309,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 24036,
    "hoplId": 868,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 5,
    "inboundLinks": "jal-compiler mal pawn-scripting-language pawn pygments",
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    "githubBigQuery_users": 69,
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "arexx",
    "githubLanguage_interpreters": "regina rexx",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.rexx",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "r/Rexx.rexx",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "scripting.py",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Rexx (Restructured Extended Executor) is an interpreted programming language developed at IBM by Mike Cowlishaw. It is a structured, high-level programming language designed for ease of learning and reading. Proprietary and open source REXX interpreters exist for a wide range of computing platforms; compilers exist for IBM mainframe computers. Rexx is used as a scripting and macro language, and is often used for processing data and text and generating reports; these similarities with Perl mean that Rexx works well in Common Gateway Interface (CGI) programming and it is indeed used for this purpose. Rexx is the primary scripting language in some operating systems, e.g. OS/2, MVS, VM, AmigaOS, and is also used as an internal macro language in some other software, such as KEDIT, THE and the ZOC terminal emulator. Additionally, the Rexx language can be used for scripting and macros in any program that uses Windows Scripting Host ActiveX scripting engines languages (e.g. VBScript and JScript) if one of the Rexx engines is installed. Rexx is supplied with VM/SP on up, TSO/E Version 2 on up, OS/2 (1.3 and later, where it is officially named Procedures Language/2), AmigaOS Version 2 on up, PC DOS (7.0 or 2000), and Windows NT 4.0 (Resource Kit: Regina). REXX scripts for OS/2 share the filename extension .cmd with other scripting languages, and the first line of the script specifies the interpreter to be used. REXX macros for REXX-aware applications use extensions determined by the application. In the late 1980s Rexx became the common scripting language for IBM Systems Application Architecture, where it was renamed \"SAA Procedure Language REXX.\" A Rexx script or command is sometimes referred to as an EXEC in a nod to Rexx's role as a replacement for the older EXEC command language on CP/CMS and VM/370 and EXEC 2 command language on VM/SP.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2012,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 43,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 91,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 3,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 25572284,
    "lab": "IBM",
    "fileExtensions": "cmd exec rexx rex",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "rexx pprx rex",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "rexx",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "rexx rex rx arexx",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "cmd exec rexx rex",
    "interviews": "http://pldb.info/blog/mikecowlishaw-interview.html",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 435,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 40,
    "expandedMeasurements": 50,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "clocExtensions": "pprx rexx",
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#rexx",
    "docs": "https://www.ibm.com/docs/en/zos/2.1.0?topic=guide-learning-rexx-language",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/rexx",
    "quineRelay": "REXX",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:REXX",
    "ubuntuPackage": "regina-rexx",
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "projectEuler": "Rexx",
    "leachim6_example": "<<hello.rexx>>= Say \"Hello World\" ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "/* rexx */ PARSE ARG filnamn IF filnamn='' THEN DO    filnamn='raw'    filnamn='font.shapes'    end IF ~open(fil,filnamn,r) THEN EXIT 10 pixwidth=48 ebwidth=pixwidth/8 pixheight=48 depth=4 SAY \"Skriver utfil...\" CALL open utfil,\"RAM:utfil\",W CALL skriv pixwidth,2 CALL skriv pixheight,2 CALL skriv depth,2 CALL skriv ebwidth,2 bltsize=Right(C2B(D2C(pixheight)),10,\"00\") bltsize=bltsize || Right(C2B(D2C(ebwidth)),6,\"00\") /* SAY bltsize */ CALL skriv C2D(B2C(bltsize)),2 CALL skriv 0,4 /* xhandle, yhandle*/ CALL skriv 0,4 /* datapekare */ CALL skriv 0,4 /* cookiepekare */ CALL skriv ebwidth*pixheight,2 /* onebpmem */ CALL skriv ebwidth*pixheight+pixheight*2,2 /* onebpmemx */ CALL skriv ebwidth*pixheight*depth,2 /* allbpmem */ CALL skriv ebwidth*pixheight*depth+pixheight*2*depth,2 /* allbpmemx */ CALL skriv 0,2 /* padding */ CALL Close utfil EXIT  skriv: say \"Skriver $\"D2X(arg(1)) \"(\"arg(2) \"byte)\" call writech utfil,right(D2C(ARG(1)),ARG(2),\"00\"x) return  visacookie:    rad=copies('00'x,pixheight*ebwidth)    say \"Initierar bitmap till\" pixheight*ebwidth*depth    say \"Ett bitplan =\" pixheight*ebwidth    bmap.=''    say \"laser in\"    do bitplan=1 to depth       say \"laser plan\" bitplan       rad=bitor(rad,readch(fil,pixheight*ebwidth))       end    ln=1    say \"skriver ut\"    do for pixheight       say c2b(substr(rad,ln,bredd/8))       ln=ln+bredd/8       end return",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Rexx",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/rexx",
    "rijuRepl_example": "say \"Hello, world!\" ",
    "wikipedia_example": "ChangeCodePage: procedure /* protect SIGNAL settings */  signal on syntax name ChangeCodePage.Trap  return SysQueryProcessCodePage()  ChangeCodePage.Trap: return 1004 /* windows-1252 on OS/2 */",
    "leachim6": "Rexx",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "printToken": "say",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": false,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/REXX",
    "bookCount": 19,
    "paperCount": 4,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=868",
    "tiobe": "REXX",
    "githubBigQuery": "REXX",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/mblocker/rexx-sublime",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1990T|McGraw-Hill|Programming in REXX|Daney, Charles|9780070153059\\n1990|Prentice Hall|The Rexx Language: A Practical Approach to Programming|Cowlishaw, Michael|9780137806515\\n2005|Wrox|Rexx Programmer's Reference|Fosdick, Howard|9780764579967\\n1985|Prentice Hall|The REXX language: A practical approach to programming|Cowlishaw, M. F|9780137807352\\n1985|Prentice Hall|Modern Programming Using Rexx|O'Hara, Robert P. and Gomberg, David Roos|9780135973110\\n1988|Prentice Hall|Modern Programming Using Rexx|O'Hara, Robert P. and Gomberg, David Roos|9780135973295\\n1997|Prentice Hall|The Net REXX Language|Michael F. Cowlishaw|9780138063320\\n1997|Wiley|Object-oriented Programming With Rexx|Tom Ender|9780471118442\\n20121206|Springer Nature|Practical Usage of TSO REXX|Anthony S. Rudd|9781447107552\\n20101001|De Gruyter|REXX Grundlagen für die z/OS Praxis|Johann Deuring|9783486598759\\n1996|Ibm|Vm/esa Gui Facility Developer's Guide Rexx And C++ Gui Programming|Ibm Redbooks|9780738408699",
    "githubLanguage": "REXX",
    "indeedJobs": "rexx engineer",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1984|The design of the REXX language|10.1145/24686.24687|12|0|M. Cowlishaw|390c4c26f46bc92ef15fff9dfd99ba1e563bbdeb\\n1994|The early history of REXX|10.1109/85.329753|5|0|M. Cowlishaw|e47b141a0094c59c652e2e715829b321298b546f\\n1989|REXX on TSO/E|10.1147/sj.282.0274|2|0|Gerhard E. Hoernes|caadce71ca7e82e1ba8e3e0a471db6be758e6525\\n1991|Partial Compilation of REXX|10.1147/sj.303.0312|1|0|R. Pinter and P. Vortman and Zvi Weiss|2d3d89b37f8cfa39ac9b00eeae8507a09f6e350e",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nProgramming In Rexx|1992|Charles Daney|1795698|4.40|5|0\\nThe REXX Language on TSO: REXX Functions|2013|Gabriel F. Gargiulo|27160540|4.00|2|0\\nREXX Programmer's Reference|2005|Howard Fosdick|1795688|3.58|12|1\\nThe REXX Language: A Practical Approach to Programing|1990|Michael Cowlishaw|1795697|4.33|12|0\\nrexx tutorial for beginners:learn rexx programming: learn rexx programming very fast||Anmol Goyal|59640536|5.00|1|0\\nRexx: Advanced Techniques For Programmers|1992|Peter C. Kiesel|13267128|3.00|2|0\\nThe REXX Language on TSO|2012|Gabriel F. Gargiulo|27149752|4.00|3|0\\nObject-Oriented Programming with REXX|1997|Thomas Ender|7323905|0.0|0|0"
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  {
    "id": "ceylon",
    "name": "Ceylon",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "creators": "Gavin King",
    "measurements": 48,
    "tags": "pl",
    "rijuRepl_website": "https://ceylon-lang.org/",
    "website": "http://ceylon-lang.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "1.2.1-osgi",
    "rank": 310,
    "exampleCount": 5,
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    "pldbScore": 24036,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/eclipse/ceylon",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 85,
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "c/Ceylon.ceylon",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2013,
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "jvm.py",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2017,
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    "domainName_registered": 2011,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2011,
    "wikipedia_related": "jvm javascript java scala smalltalk ml lisp maven-pom typescript dart fantom",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Ceylon is an object-oriented, strongly statically typed programming language with an emphasis on immutability, created by Red Hat. Ceylon programs run on the Java virtual machine (JVM), and can be compiled to JavaScript. The language design focuses on source code readability, predictability, toolability, modularity, and metaprogrammability. Important features of Ceylon include: A type system enforcing null safety and list element existence at compile time Regular syntax and semantics, avoiding special cases and primitively-defined constructs in favor of syntactic sugar Support for generic programming and metaprogramming, with reified generics Modularity built into the language, based on JBoss modules, interoperable with OSGi and Maven powerful tools, including an Eclipse-based IDE The name \"Ceylon\" is an oblique reference to Java, in that Java and Sri Lanka, formerly known as Ceylon, are islands known for growth and export of coffee and tea. In August 2017, Ceylon was donated to the Eclipse Foundation.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 72,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 33,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 218,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 31483631,
    "lab": "Red Hat",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "ceylon",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "ceylon",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "ceylon",
    "rijuRepl_fileExtensions": "ceylon",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "ceyloncite web",
    "languageServerProtocolProject_writtenIn": "ceylon",
    "writtenIn": "java javascript xml xslt bourne-shell gradle markdown html groovy css dtd json ini bash make asciidoc perl yaml",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1176,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 72,
    "runsOnVm": "jvm",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 1,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#ceylon",
    "docs": "https://ceylon-lang.org/documentation/current/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Ceylon",
    "projectEuler": "Ceylon",
    "helloWorldCollection": "// Hello world in Ceylon  print(\"Hello, World!\");",
    "leachim6_example": "shared void hello() {     print(\"Hello World\"); } ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "\"Test function for Ceylon\" by (\"Enrique\") shared void test() {     print(\"test\"); }  \"Test class for Ceylon\" shared class Test(name) satisfies Comparable<Test> {     shared String name;     shared actual String string = \"Test ``name``.\";      shared actual Comparison compare(Test other) {         return name<=>other.name;     } } ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Ceylon",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/ceylon",
    "rijuRepl_example": "shared void run() {     print(\"Hello, world!\"); } ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/ceylonlang",
    "wikipedia_example": "/* The classic Hello World program */ shared void run() {     print(\"Hello, World!\"); }",
    "leachim6": "Ceylon",
    "languageServerProtocolProject": "https://github.com/jvasileff/vscode-ceylon",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/eclipse/ceylon",
    "rijuRepl_gitRepo": "https://ceylon-lang.org/code/source/",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
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    "hasBinaryNumbers": true,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceylon_(programming_language)",
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    "tiobe": "Ceylon",
    "domainName": "ceylon-lang.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Ceylon",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/jeancharles-roger/ceylon-sublimetext",
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  {
    "id": "azure",
    "name": "Microsoft Azure",
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Harel|ab75f597e895a52c7be4be2351b66446a245022e\\n2003|Pipa: A Behavioral Interface Specification Language for AspectJ|10.1007/3-540-36578-8_11|76|5|Jianjun Zhao and M. Rinard|36150e05a0b891d257cfa5ff192ea82375779400\\n2004|Generating AspectJ Programs with Meta-AspectJ|10.1007/978-3-540-30175-2_1|67|8|David Zook and Shan Shan Huang and Y. Smaragdakis|633d837993e813f23aa93fb2aa29ca95b9c6d7fa\\n2005|Using AspectJ to build a software product line for mobile devices|10.14288/1.0051632|64|9|Trevor J. Young|ab3777108d66be3baef50eceeb153bdd06a487d8\\n2007|Bridging Java and AspectJ through explicit join points|10.1145/1294325.1294335|54|5|Kevin J. Hoffman and P. Eugster|266a6af42ce0277ba6182a43709820fdfa3fd7c9\\n2006|Declarative, formal, and extensible syntax definition for aspectJ|10.1145/1167473.1167491|49|5|Martin Bravenboer and É. Tanter and E. 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Lorenz|30eb6b208747be2da42b571a66bb074f28354241\\n2007|SCoPE: an AspectJ compiler for supporting user-defined analysis-based pointcuts|10.1145/1218563.1218582|36|3|Tomoyuki Aotani and Hidehiko Masuhara|c739bd026a9cce9c0b8aee7314ab8bda4f9397b1\\n2006|Applyinq AspectJ to J2EE application development|10.1109/MS.2006.1|26|0|Nicholas Lesiecki|a7c1c10921ab37c06d2f91c853c08eeb17adb97a\\n2006|APTE: automated pointcut testing for AspectJ programs|10.1145/1146374.1146379|26|2|P. Anbalagan and Tao Xie|384678644e110223a089ab3aa9116266903dbb62\\n2011|A Compiler for Multimodal Scenarios: Transforming LSCs into AspectJ|10.1145/2000799.2000804|19|2|S. Maoz and D. Harel and A. Kleinbort|e002f7757db323c5402827ac9906b50d03e19fb6\\n2018|An empirical study on the impact of AspectJ on software evolvability|10.1007/s10664-017-9580-7|17|1|Adam Przybyłek|56f08b65a1c3fd04caa27c951b7b634f672cf241\\n2006|Security crosscutting concerns and AspectJ|10.1145/1501434.1501488|16|0|Dima Alhadidi and Nadia Belblidia and M. Debbabi|b93f1c3f93b22e53cd9e54b1c6799d7ec65119d6\\n2009|Region pointcut for AspectJ|10.1145/1509276.1509287|13|1|Shumpei Akai and S. Chiba and Muga Nishizawa|92927f6909e66bfc681376e7598ca41105ab03d3\\n2001|AspectJ Paradigm Model: A Basis for Multi-paradigm Design for AspectJ|10.1007/3-540-44800-4_5|12|1|V. Vranic|b5b884c6578e9d6711393da502b2eda05d05f855\\n2006|Formalizing AspectJ Weaving for Static Pointcuts|10.1109/SEFM.2006.19|10|2|Nadia Belblidia and M. Debbabi|7328f6f8de8829350a78a97748ff41f169b1e5fd\\n2001|Case study: a distributed concurrent system with AspectJ|10.1145/512000.512004|9|0|R. Raje and Ming Zhong and Tong-yang Wang|6331bf3ad179c88136a4d713de8c819afbc1e9d2\\n2005|Complex code querying and navigation for AspectJ|10.1145/1117696.1117709|8|0|J. Pfeiffer and Andonis Sardos and J. Gurd|55571587a2d64d6fedbf4846081c7eedde0c8e16\\n2005|Traits Programming with AspectJ|10.3166/objet.11.3.69-86|8|1|S. Denier|3758faced50e19baae3042e86c9f4667081a298b\\n2005|Teste de programas orientados a aspectos: uma abordagem estrutural para AspectJ|10.11606/D.55.2005.TDE-13042005-111234|7|2|O. Lemos|8919c2f85e6d9076b315466f314b6bef1a043e30\\n2010|An Advice for Advice Composition in AspectJ|10.1007/978-3-642-14046-4_9|7|1|Fuminobu Takeyama and S. Chiba|01528533d03b11fb09a9043d4e6a2443fea31804\\n2011|2D and 3D visualization of AspectJ programs|10.1109/ISPS.2011.5898888|6|0|S. Bentrad and D. Meslati|5ce3a0dc903cad7cd435f59ae1beef9adf10545d\\n2005|abc the aspectBench compiler for aspectJ a workbench for aspect-oriented programming language and compilers research|10.1145/1094855.1094877|6|0|Chris Allan and Pavel Avgustinov and Aske Simon Christensen and Bruno Dufour and C. Goard and L. Hendren and Sascha Kuzins and Jennifer Lhoták and O. Lhoták and O. Moor and D. Sereni and Ganesh Sittampalam and J. Tibble and Clark Verbrugge|e9c75ec43e213b983f7979ed44be5434b145c235\\n2009|On ASPECTJ and Composition Filters: A Mapping of Concepts|10.15388/INFORMATICA.2009.266|5|0|D. Meslati|b23fd11b73b6d0e2f163cf80a003d88da68ec3c9\\n2011|Accessing and Evaluating AspectJ based Mutation Testing Tools|10.5120/3791-5220|5|0|Mayank Singh and Shailendra Mishra and R. Mall|18995a17b168c0a7020820261dda4b08591b67a8\\n2005|A Case Study of Development of a Java Bytecode Analyzer Framework Using AspectJ|10.2197/IPSJDC.1.104|3|0|Susumu Yamazaki and Michihiro Matsumoto and T. Nakanishi and T. Kitasuka and Akira Fukuda|3515ccc40a107af0784bd8d854ae80cdf6fbd56b\\n2008|Overcoming comprehension barriers in the AspectJ programming language|10.5381/jot.2008.7.6.a4|3|1|Venera Arnaoudova and L. Eshkevari and Elaheh Safari-Sharifabadi and Constantinos A. Constantinides|a46f13879344a8a5cc5aa67a8e6dce0f5aba3c87\\n2006|Automated testing of pointcuts in AspectJ programs|10.1145/1176617.1176711|2|0|P. Anbalagan|ac9f4a883dabe2ea944facc2356d9ddc4a9d2a10\\n2011|Comparative Analysis of Java and AspectJ on the Basis of Various Metrics|10.1109/ICIS.2011.50|2|0|Inderjit Singh Dhanoa and Er. Dalwinder Singh Salaria and H. S. Johal|1009e19133e91087b39f2cd4faa27e3ea5941f7f\\n2008|New AspectJ Pointcuts for Integer Overflow and Underflow Detection|10.1080/19393550802492479|1|0|Dima Alhadidi and M. Debbabi and P. Bhattacharya|96be1a745232f172b0ce307e7f00ca4e7f3a50d5\\n2011|Tackling the Challenges of Integrating 3rd Party Software Using AspectJ|10.1007/978-3-642-22031-9_4|1|0|U. Hohenstein and M. Jäger|c85660cb51317005395a8463e9c309919614b4df",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nEclipse AspectJ: Aspect-Oriented Programming with AspectJ and the Eclipse AspectJ Development Tools|2004|Adrian Colyer|974936|3.25|8|0\\nAspectj in Action: Practical Aspect-Oriented Programming|2003|Ramnivas Laddad|2052653|3.76|34|2\\nAspect-Oriented Programming with Aspectj|2002|Ivan Kiselev|6484284|3.00|3|0\\nMastering Aspectj: Aspect-Oriented Programming in Java|2003|Joseph D. Gradecki|1944006|3.20|5|1\\nAspect-Oriented Programming with Aspectj|2002|Ivan Kiselev|41635597|0.0|0|0\\nJava Programming Language Family: Godiva, Scala, Processing, Aspectj, Groovy, Javafx Script, Einstein, J Sharp, Judoscript, Jasmin, Beanshell|2011|Books LLC|15219374|0.0|0|0\\nLogging and Simulation using Aspect Oriented Software: AOP and AspectJ||Mutum Meetei|54120798|0.0|0|0"
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    "id": "yii",
    "name": "Yes It Is",
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    "creators": "Qiang Xue",
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "framework",
    "website": "http://www.yiiframework.com/",
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    "latestVersion": "2.0.49",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2",
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    "githubRepo_created": 2012,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2011,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 1071,
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    "standsFor": "Yes It Is",
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    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 20676,
    "repoStats_committers": 1632,
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    "domainName_registered": 2008,
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    "wikipedia_related": "php wsdl isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Yii is an open source, object-oriented, component-based MVC PHP web application framework. Yii is pronounced as \"Yee\" or [ji:] and in Chinese it means \"simple and evolutionary\" and it can be an acronym for \"Yes It Is!\".",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 107,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 299,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 28540539,
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    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/yiiframework",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/yiisoft/yii2",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yii",
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    "id": "x86-assembly",
    "name": "x86 Assembly",
    "appeared": 1972,
    "measurements": 19,
    "tags": "assembly",
    "foundationScore": 1,
    "rank": 316,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 24029,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_group": "Assembly",
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "gas or gnu asm or unix asm",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "assembly_x86",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 107,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2017,
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    "aka": "x86",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "x86 assembly language is a family of backward-compatible assembly languages, which provide some level of compatibility all the way back to the Intel 8008 introduced in April 1972. x86 assembly languages are used to produce object code for the x86 class of processors. Like all assembly languages, it uses short mnemonics to represent the fundamental instructions that the CPU in a computer can understand and follow. Compilers sometimes produce assembly code as an intermediate step when translating a high level program into machine code.  Regarded as a programming language, assembly coding is machine-specific and low level. Assembly languages are more typically used for detailed and time critical applications such as small real-time embedded systems or operating system kernels and device drivers.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
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    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 165,
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    "exercism": "https://exercism.org/tracks/x86",
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    "gdbSupport": true,
    "docs": "https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19253-01/817-5477/817-5477.pdf",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": " .cstring LC0:  .ascii \"Hello World\\0\"  .text .globl _main _main: LFB3:  pushq %rbp LCFI0:  movq  %rsp, %rbp LCFI1:  leaq  LC0(%rip), %rdi  call  _puts  movl  $0, %eax  leave  ret LFE3:  .section __TEXT,__eh_frame,coalesced,no_toc+strip_static_syms+live_support EH_frame1:  .set L$set$0,LECIE1-LSCIE1  .long L$set$0 LSCIE1:  .long 0x0  .byte 0x1  .ascii \"zR\\0\"  .byte 0x1  .byte 0x78  .byte 0x10  .byte 0x1  .byte 0x10  .byte 0xc  .byte 0x7  .byte 0x8  .byte 0x90  .byte 0x1  .align 3 LECIE1: .globl _main.eh _main.eh: LSFDE1:  .set L$set$1,LEFDE1-LASFDE1  .long L$set$1 LASFDE1:  .long LASFDE1-EH_frame1  .quad LFB3-.  .set L$set$2,LFE3-LFB3  .quad L$set$2  .byte 0x0  .byte 0x4  .set L$set$3,LCFI0-LFB3  .long L$set$3  .byte 0xe  .byte 0x10  .byte 0x86  .byte 0x2  .byte 0x4  .set L$set$4,LCFI1-LCFI0  .long L$set$4  .byte 0xd  .byte 0x6  .align 3 LEFDE1:  .subsections_via_symbols",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/x86",
    "rijuRepl_example": " .text  .globl main main:  movq $1, %rax  movq $1, %rdi  leaq message(%rip), %rsi  movq $14, %rdx  syscall  movq $60, %rax  movq $0, %rdi  syscall  .data message:  .string \"Hello, world!\\n\" ",
    "wikipedia_example": "cmp eax, ebx  jne do_something  ; ... do_something:  ; do something here",
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    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasProcessorRegisters": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86_assembly_language",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/calculuswhiz/Assembly-Syntax-Definition",
    "githubLanguage": "Unix Assembly"
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  {
    "id": "oberon",
    "name": "Oberon",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "creators": "Niklaus Wirth",
    "measurements": 35,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.projectoberon.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 317,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 24026,
    "hoplId": 1415,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "oberon-2",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "domainName_registered": 2011,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1986,
    "wikipedia_related": "modula-2 oberon-2 zonnon go nim algol euler pascal modula ada linux solaris lex yacc x86-isa obliq visual-studio-editor",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Oberon is a general-purpose programming language created in 1986 by Niklaus Wirth and the latest member of the Wirthian family of ALGOL-like languages (Euler, Algol-W, Pascal, Modula, and Modula-2). Oberon was the result of a concentrated effort to increase the power of Modula-2, the direct successor of Pascal, and simultaneously to reduce its complexity. Its principal new feature is the concept of type extension of record types: It permits the construction of new data types on the basis of existing ones and to relate them, deviating from the dogma of strictly static data typing. Type extension is Wirth's way of inheritance reflecting the viewpoint of the parent site. Oberon was developed as part of the implementation of the Oberon operating system at ETH Zurich in Switzerland. The name is from the moon of Uranus, Oberon. Oberon is still maintained by Wirth and the latest revision is dated May 3, 2016.",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 100,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 128,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 22496,
    "lab": "Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 41,
    "influencedBy": "algol-60",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "docs": "https://people.inf.ethz.ch/wirth/Oberon/Oberon07.Report.pdf",
    "faq": "http://www.projectoberon.net/txt/FAQ.txt",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/oberon",
    "country": "Switzerland",
    "projectEuler": "Oberon",
    "subreddit": "https://www.reddit.com/r/Oberon",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/oberon",
    "rijuRepl_example": "MODULE Main;  IMPORT Out;  BEGIN   Out.String(\"Hello, world!\");   Out.Ln; END Main. ",
    "wikipedia_example": "MODULE Rectangles;  IMPORT Figures;  TYPE    Rectangle* = POINTER TO RectangleDesc;     RectangleDesc* = RECORD       (Figures.FigureDesc)       x, y, w, h : INTEGER;    END;  PROCEDURE Draw* (r : Rectangle); BEGIN   (* ... *) END Draw;  (* Other procedures here *)  PROCEDURE Handle* (f: Figure; VAR msg: Figures.Message);    VAR       r : Rectangle; BEGIN    r := f(Rectangle);    IF    msg IS Figures.DrawMsg THEN Draw(r)    ELSIF msg IS Figures.MarkMsg THEN Mark(r)    ELSIF msg IS Figures.MoveMsg THEN Move(r, msg(Figures.MoveMsg).dx, msg(Figures.MoveMsg).dy)    ELSE  (* ignore *)    END END Handle;  PROCEDURE New* (VAR r : Rectangle); BEGIN    NEW(r);    Figures.Init(r, Handle); END New;  END Rectangles.",
    "leachim6": "Oberon",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "(* *)",
    "printToken": "Out.String",
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    "assignmentToken": ":=",
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    "hasComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasPointers": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberon_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1415",
    "tiobe": "Oberon",
    "domainName": "projectoberon.com",
    "indeedJobs": "applescript engineer",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1988|The programming language oberon|10.1002/spe.4380180707|242|19|N. Wirth|0648b884fc979f8d4e4a620193f855f173a89a74\\n1988|From modula to oberon|10.1002/spe.4380180706|63|4|N. Wirth|d71f6af965cef1f53e9026bb54a55d71d7aa1453\\n1997|The Formal Specification of Oberon|10.3217/jucs-003-05-0443|29|0|P. Kutter and A. Pierantonio|702fef24576704bd12aa6a7983b5543f9ba15f84\\n1992|The Oberon System family|10.1002/spe.4380251204|21|1|M. Brandis and R. Crelier and Michael Franz and J. Templ|0ce78acb2c8e53859a41238a0c09bc475a59b65f\\n1997|Do the Fish Really Need Remote Control? A Proposal for Self-Active Objects in Oberon|10.1007/3-540-62599-2_41|14|1|J. Gutknecht|7a1834c14d7dd5a0ec4bf9e570f08c5ad62803cc\\n1987|From Modula to Oberon and the programming language Oberon|10.3929/ETHZ-A-005363226|14|1|N. Wirth|a0d4be2f56438ca59033cfd826a04a334ebfa647\\n2007|Modula-2 and Oberon|10.1145/1238844.1238847|11|1|N. Wirth|6611c2c376d85397a7020885a35c3ade9b689a18\\n1996|Dynamic semantics of the Oberon programming language|10.3929/ETHZ-A-004292949|10|1|P. Kutter|5327cc1e0fde395ded437974e1836e9b74d09c45\\n1997|An Object-Oriented Database Programming Environment for Oberon|10.1007/3-540-62599-2_32|9|0|Jacques Supcik and M. Norrie|7c24291fbcb7e132fa343540050438cc379b1cb4\\n1991|Differences between Oberon and Oberon-2|10.3929/ETHZ-A-000589808|6|0|H. Mössenböck and N. Wirth|4fe362c41f9e39756d51bdeb19efc356d599d3e7\\n1994|On the Essence of Oberon|10.1007/3-540-57840-4_39|6|0|D. Naumann|34a315fadd302899d9796b41d48bcf04f598ccb9\\n1990|Programming without enumerations in Oberon|10.1145/382076.382642|5|1|Charles Lins|d9ff19e9616698d5950350379c00b7b138117f32\\n1993|A voyage to Oberon|10.1145/165408.165412|2|0|A. Radenski|b015e8772aa90ee1731deda734b6b8e9a75c158c\\n1996|A first course in object-oriented programming using Oberon|10.2495/SEHE950401|2|0|V. Mahnic and B. Vilfan|66b8ec6ecefca37ca74b5d5100be699b7c2f6f07\\n1989|From Modula to Oberon: The programming language Oberon|10.3929/ETHZ-A-000564136|2|0|N. Wirth|073431b262dc897b4b4a2cab8ebe8b2a29feeda7\\n1996|Combined modelling and simulation of dynamic systems using Oberon|10.1109/CACSD.1996.555318|1|0|M. Kottmann|f095581b91137b1cb0c6a8c8f7e672bead585616\\n2000|Building Your Own Tools: An Oberon Industrial Case-Study|10.1007/10722581_23|1|0|P. Reed|b8ca106f02e13392418e83b83b7820351065f5cc\\n1997|Some Experience In Teaching An IntroductoryProgramming Course Using Oberon|10.2495/SQE970031|1|0|V. Mahnic|c12e98e9ac447cf4cb9a56fa2c7b8d1d1346c9e5\\n1996|Algebraic Semantics of the Oberon Target Machine|10.1007/3-540-62064-8_5|1|0|A. Zamulin|133d0b379533b680b3385cbb255e2034adca789f\\n1994|Control system design with Oberon|10.1109/CACSD.1994.288919|1|0|Xiaobing Qiu and W. Schaufelberger|370c1df9adf39ecf4b1c4e4d8f20954c5b1cbaea\\n1994|Is Oberon as Simple as Possible? A Smaller Object-Oriented Language Based on the Concept of Module Type|10.1007/3-540-57840-4_38|1|0|A. Radenski|0184b7b480ae3524825e2260603d7e920a87bf70"
  },
  {
    "id": "qbasic",
    "name": "QBasic",
    "appeared": 1991,
    "measurements": 27,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 318,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 24025,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "q/QBasic.bas",
    "standsFor": "Quick Beginners All purpose Symbolic Instruction Code",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "basic.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1991,
    "wikipedia_related": "quickbasic gw-basic qb64 microsoft-small-basic linux freebsd",
    "wikipedia_summary": "QBasic (Quick Beginners All purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is an IDE and interpreter for a variety of the BASIC programming language which is based on QuickBASIC. Code entered into the IDE is compiled to an intermediate representation, and this IR is immediately interpreted on demand within the IDE. It can run under nearly all versions of DOS and 32-bit versions of Windows, or through emulation via DOSBox/DOSEMU on Linux, FreeBSD, and 64-bit versions of Windows. (QBasic is a DOS program and requires DOS or a DOS emulator. Windows XP comes with an emulator called DOS Virtual Machine, subsequent versions of Windows require an emulator such as DosBox.) For its time, QBasic provided a state-of-the-art IDE, including a debugger with features such as on-the-fly expression evaluation and code modification. It supports various inbuilt functions. Like QuickBASIC, but unlike earlier versions of Microsoft BASIC, QBasic is a structured programming language, supporting constructs such as subroutines and while loops. Line numbers, a concept often associated with BASIC, are supported for compatibility, but are not considered good form, having been replaced by descriptive line labels. QBasic has limited support for user-defined data types (structures), and several primitive types used to contain strings of text or numeric data.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 378,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 385,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 921,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 23712097,
    "lab": "Microsoft",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "bas",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "BAS bas",
    "isOpenSource": "false",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1910,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 64,
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    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "website": "https://codeql.github.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 323,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 24013,
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    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2018,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2018,
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    "repoStats_committers": 565,
    "repoStats_files": 55176,
    "repoStats_mb": 429,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 798031,
    "description": "CodeQL let's you query code as if it were data.",
    "githubRepo_description": "CodeQL let's you query code as if it were data.",
    "lab": "GitHub",
    "rijuRepl_description": "CodeQL let's you query code as if it were data.",
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/codeql",
    "reference": "https://www.cyberark.com/resources/threat-research-blog/make-memcpy-safe-again-codeql",
    "example": "from DataFlow::PathNode source, DataFlow::PathNode sink, UnsafeDeserializationConfig conf              where conf.hasFlowPath(source, sink)              select sink.getNode().(UnsafeDeserializationSink).getMethodAccess(), source, sink,       \"Unsafe deserialization of $@.\", source.getNode(), \"user input\"",
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    "measurements": 24,
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    "isLanguage": false,
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    "wikipedia_related": "opengl cg",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The High-Level Shader Language or High-Level Shading Language (HLSL) is a proprietary shading language developed by Microsoft for the Direct3D 9 API to augment the shader assembly language, and went on to become the required shading language for the unified shader model of Direct3D 10 and higher. HLSL is analogous to the GLSL shading language used with the OpenGL standard. It is very similar to the Nvidia Cg shading language, as it was developed alongside it.  HLSL shaders can enable profound speed and detail increases as well as many special effects in both 2d and 3d computer graphics.HLSL programs come in five forms: pixel shaders (fragment in GLSL), vertex shaders, geometry shaders, compute shaders and tessellation shaders (Hull and Domain shaders). A vertex shader is executed for each vertex that is submitted by the application, and is primarily responsible for transforming the vertex from object space to view space, generating texture coordinates, and calculating lighting coefficients such as the vertex's tangent, binormal and normal vectors. When a group of vertices (normally 3, to form a triangle) come through the vertex shader, their output position is interpolated to form pixels within its area; this process is known as rasterisation. Each of these pixels comes through the pixel shader, whereby the resultant screen colour is calculated. Optionally, an application using a Direct3D 10/11/12 interface and Direct3D 10/11/12 hardware may also specify a geometry shader. This shader takes as its input some vertices of a primitive (triangle/line/point) and uses this data to generate/degenerate (or tessellate) additional primitives or to change the type of primitives, which are each then sent to the rasterizer. D3D11.3 and D3D12 introduced Shader Model 5.1 and later 6.0.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
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    "lab": "Microsoft",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 30,
    "clocExtensions": "cg cginc fxh hlsl hlsli shader",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/direct3dhlsl/dx-graphics-hlsl",
    "compilerExplorer_example": "// The entry point and target profile are needed to compile this example: // -T ps_6_6 -E PSMain  struct PSInput {     float4 position : SV_Position;     float4 color    : COLOR0; };  float4 PSMain(PSInput input) : SV_Target0 {     return input.color * input.color; } ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "float alpha = 1.f;  texture tex; sampler tex_sampler = sampler_state {  Texture = (tex);  MipFilter = LINEAR;  MinFilter = LINEAR;  MagFilter = LINEAR;    AddressU = WRAP;  AddressV = WRAP; };  struct VS_OUTPUT {  float4 pos  : POSITION;  float2 tex  : TEXCOORD1; };  VS_OUTPUT vertex(float4 ipos : POSITION, float2 tex  : TEXCOORD0) {  VS_OUTPUT Out;  Out.pos = ipos;  Out.tex = tex * 2;  return Out; }  float4 pixel(VS_OUTPUT In) : COLOR {  return tex2D(tex_sampler, In.tex) * alpha; }  technique blur_ps_vs_2_0 {  pass P0  {   VertexShader = compile vs_2_0 vertex();   PixelShader  = compile ps_2_0 pixel();  } } ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "HLSL",
    "compilerExplorer": "HLSL",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasHexadecimals": true,
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    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasOctals": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-Level_Shading_Language",
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    "githubBigQuery": "HLSL",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2012|O'Reilly Media|HLSL and Pixel Shaders for XAML Developers: A Comprehensive Guide to Creating HLSL Pixel Shaders for WPF and Silverlight Applications|Ritscher, Walt|9781449319847\\n20120703|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|HLSL and Pixel Shaders for XAML Developers|Walt Ritscher|9781449325022\\n20130613|Packt Publishing|HLSL Development Cookbook|Doron Feinstein|9781849694216\\n20120703|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|HLSL and Pixel Shaders for XAML Developers|Walt Ritscher|9781449325015\\n20140503|Pearson Technology Group|Real-Time 3D Rendering with DirectX and HLSL|Paul Varcholik|9780133570113",
    "githubLanguage": "HLSL",
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    "website": "http://hpccsystems.com/",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "ECL is a declarative, data centric programming language designed in 2000 to allow a team of programmers to process big data across a high performance computing cluster without the programmer being involved in many of the lower level, imperative decisions.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2012,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 31108124,
    "lab": "LexisNexis Risk Solutions Group",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "ecl",
    "writtenIn": "xml cpp cmake javascript typescript xslt yaml markdown css xsd html bourne-shell json java python perl dockerfile bash restructuredtext make c svg yacc lex hcl expect ini pascal assembly-language awk scheme ring",
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    "fileType": "text",
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    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:ECL",
    "country": "United States",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "/*  * Multi-line comment  */ #option ('slidingJoins', true);  namesRecord :=             RECORD string20        surname; string10        forename; integer2        age; integer2        dadAge; integer2        mumAge;             END;  namesRecord2 :=             record string10        extra; namesRecord;             end;  namesTable := dataset('x',namesRecord,FLAT); namesTable2 := dataset('y',namesRecord2,FLAT);  integer2 aveAgeL(namesRecord l) := (l.dadAge+l.mumAge)/2; integer2 aveAgeR(namesRecord2 r) := (r.dadAge+r.mumAge)/2;  // Standard join on a function of left and right output(join(namesTable, namesTable2, aveAgeL(left) = aveAgeR(right)));  //Several simple examples of sliding join syntax output(join(namesTable, namesTable2, left.age >= right.age - 10 and left.age <= right.age +10)); output(join(namesTable, namesTable2, left.age between right.age - 10 and right.age +10)); output(join(namesTable, namesTable2, left.age between right.age + 10 and right.age +30)); output(join(namesTable, namesTable2, left.age between (right.age + 20) - 10 and (right.age +20) + 10)); output(join(namesTable, namesTable2, aveAgeL(left) between aveAgeR(right)+10 and aveAgeR(right)+40));  //Same, but on strings.  Also includes age to ensure sort is done by non-sliding before sliding. output(join(namesTable, namesTable2, left.surname between right.surname[1..10]+'AAAAAAAAAA' and right.surname[1..10]+'ZZZZZZZZZZ' and left.age=right.age)); output(join(namesTable, namesTable2, left.surname between right.surname[1..10]+'AAAAAAAAAA' and right.surname[1..10]+'ZZZZZZZZZZ' and left.age=right.age,all));  //This should not generate a self join output(join(namesTable, namesTable, left.age between right.age - 10 and right.age +10)); ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "ECL",
    "wikipedia_example": "D := DATASET([{'ECL'},{'Declarative'},{'Data'},{'Centric'},{'Programming'},{'Language'}],{STRING Value;});",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/hpcc-systems/HPCC-Platform",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECL,_data-centric_programming_language_for_Big_Data",
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    "domainName": "hpccsystems.com",
    "githubBigQuery": "ECL",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/hpcc-systems/ecl-tmLanguage",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n||Ecl Programming Language|Surhone and Lambert M. and Tennoe and Mariam T. and Henssonow and Susan F.|9786133156937",
    "githubLanguage": "ECL"
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    "id": "glsl",
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    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 25,
    "tags": "shadingLanguage 3d",
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    "rank": 326,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 34,
    "inboundLinks": "ace beef blender-app cat cloc curv ec factor flow9 flua flutter forsp fp3 glms imhex lever lwjgl manim monkeyx odin open-shading-language opencv openscad paraview php pygments pytorch r3 spiderbasic taichi v vlc vsxu wonkey",
    "primaryTag": "shadingLanguage",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "graphics.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1992,
    "wikipedia_related": "opengl c linux javascript delphi java webgl cg",
    "wikipedia_summary": "OpenGL Shading Language (abbreviated: GLSL), is a high-level shading language with a syntax based on the C programming language. It was created by the OpenGL ARB (OpenGL Architecture Review Board) to give developers more direct control of the graphics pipeline without having to use ARB assembly language or hardware-specific languages.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2013,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 46,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 45,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 2152476,
    "lab": "OpenGL Architecture Review Board",
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    "languageServerProtocolProject_writtenIn": "cpp",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 42,
    "clocExtensions": "comp fp frag frg fsh fshader geo geom glsl glslv gshader tesc tese vert vrx vsh vshader",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/glsl",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:GLSL",
    "country": "United States",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "varying vec4 v_color;  void main() {  gl_FragColor = v_color; }",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "GLSL",
    "languageServerProtocolProject": "https://github.com/svenstaro/glsl-language-server",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasHexadecimals": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasOctals": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenGL_Shading_Language",
    "bookCount": 2,
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    "tiobe": "GLSL",
    "githubBigQuery": "GLSL",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/euler0/sublime-glsl",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2013|Packt Publishing|GLSL Essentials|Rodriguez, Jacobo|9781849698016\\n2013|Packt Publishing|GLSL Essentials|Rodríguez, Jacobo|9781849698009",
    "githubLanguage": "GLSL"
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    "name": "SciPy",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "creators": "Travis Oliphant and Pearu Peterson and Eric Jones",
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    "tags": "library",
    "website": "https://www.scipy.org/scipylib/index.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v1.13.1",
    "rank": 327,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/scipy/scipy",
    "primaryTag": "library",
    "githubRepo_created": 2011,
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    "wikipedia_related": "python fortran c numpy matplotlib pandas matlab octave scilab sagemath",
    "wikipedia_summary": "SciPy (pronounced \"Sigh Pie\") is an open source Python library used for scientific computing and technical computing. SciPy contains modules for optimization, linear algebra, integration, interpolation, special functions, FFT, signal and image processing, ODE solvers and other tasks common in science and engineering. SciPy builds on the NumPy array object and is part of the NumPy stack which includes tools like Matplotlib, pandas and SymPy, and an expanding set of scientific computing libraries. This NumPy stack has similar users to other applications such as MATLAB, GNU Octave, and Scilab. The NumPy stack is also sometimes referred to as the SciPy stack. SciPy is also a family of conferences for users and developers of these tools: SciPy (in the United States), EuroSciPy (in Europe) and SciPy.in (in India). Enthought originated the SciPy conference in the United States and continues to sponsor many of the international conferences as well as host the SciPy website. The SciPy library is currently distributed under the BSD license, and its development is sponsored and supported by an open community of developers. It is also supported by Numfocus which is a community foundation for supporting reproducible and accessible science.",
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    "lab": "https://github.com/scipy",
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SciPy",
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    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nSciPy and NumPy: An Overview for Developers|2012|Eli Bressert|19175991|2.96|47|10\\nLearning Scipy for Numerical and Scientific Computing|2013|Francisco Blanco-Silva|24378746|4.10|10|5\\nLearning SciPy for Numerical and Scientific Computing - Second Edition|2015|Sergio J. Rojas G.|44764282|3.83|6|1\\nScipy Programming Succinctly||James McCaffrey|55178971|0.0|0|0\\nLearning Scipy for Numerical and Scientific Computing|2013|Francisco Javier Blanco Silva|27314402|0.0|0|0\\nRaspberry Pi Supercomputing and Scientific Programming: MPI4PY, NumPy, and SciPy for Enthusiasts||Ashwin Pajankar|56182718|3.00|1|0\\nNumerical Python: Scientific Computing and Data Science Applications with Numpy, Scipy and Matplotlib||Robert Johansson|66021570|0.0|0|0\\nRaspberry Pi Image Processing Programming: Develop Real-Life Examples with Python, Pillow, and Scipy||Ashwin Pajankar|55317341|0.0|0|0"
  },
  {
    "id": "homebrew-pm",
    "name": "Homebrew",
    "appeared": 2009,
    "creators": "Max Howell",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "packageManager",
    "website": "https://brew.sh/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "4.3.1",
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    "inboundLinks": "tea-pm",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/Homebrew/brew",
    "primaryTag": "packageManager",
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    "domainName_registered": 2013,
    "description": "The Missing Package Manager for macOS.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The Missing Package Manager for macOS.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/Homebrew",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The Missing Package Manager for macOS.",
    "writtenIn": "ruby markdown yaml bourne-shell bash json erb swift diff xml dockerfile cmake ini svg",
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  {
    "id": "progsbase",
    "name": "progsbase",
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    "creators": "Martin F. Johansen",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.progsbase.com/",
    "spec": "https://www.progsbase.com/docs/",
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    "domainName_registered": 2017,
    "description": "A programming language and tooling for timeless programming. Programs written in progsbase can be reused across time and space. Code written in progsbase can currently be translated to 13 other languages, but many more can be supported.",
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The            *) (* TemporalInvariant definition ensures this specification provides        *) (* capabilities expected of any elevator system, such as people eventually *) (* reaching their destination floor.                                       *) (***************************************************************************)  EXTENDS     Integers  CONSTANTS   Person,     \\* The set of all people using the elevator system             Elevator,   \\* The set of all elevators             FloorCount  \\* The number of floors serviced by the elevator system  VARIABLES   PersonState,            \\* The state of each person             ActiveElevatorCalls,    \\* The set of all active elevator calls             ElevatorState           \\* The state of each elevator  Vars == \\* Tuple of all specification variables     <<PersonState, ActiveElevatorCalls, ElevatorState>>  Floor ==    \\* The set of all floors     1 .. FloorCount  Direction ==    \\* Directions available to this elevator system     {\"Up\", \"Down\"}  ElevatorCall == \\* The set of all elevator calls     [floor : Floor, direction : Direction]  ElevatorDirectionState ==   \\* Elevator movement state; it is either moving in a direction or stationary     Direction \\cup {\"Stationary\"}  GetDistance[f1, f2 \\in Floor] ==    \\* The distance between two floors     IF f1 > f2 THEN f1 - f2 ELSE f2 - f1      GetDirection[current, destination \\in Floor] == \\* Direction of travel required to move between current and destination floors     IF destination > current THEN \"Up\" ELSE \"Down\"  CanServiceCall[e \\in Elevator, c \\in ElevatorCall] ==   \\* Whether elevator is in position to immediately service call     LET eState == ElevatorState[e] IN     /\\ c.floor = eState.floor     /\\ c.direction = eState.direction  PeopleWaiting[f \\in Floor, d \\in Direction] ==  \\* The set of all people waiting on an elevator call     {p \\in Person :         /\\ PersonState[p].location = f         /\\ PersonState[p].waiting         /\\ GetDirection[PersonState[p].location, PersonState[p].destination] = d}  TypeInvariant ==    \\* Statements about the variables which we expect to hold in every system state     /\\ PersonState \\in [Person -> [location : Floor \\cup Elevator, destination : Floor, waiting : BOOLEAN]]     /\\ ActiveElevatorCalls \\subseteq ElevatorCall     /\\ ElevatorState \\in [Elevator -> [floor : Floor, direction : ElevatorDirectionState, doorsOpen : BOOLEAN, buttonsPressed : SUBSET Floor]]  SafetyInvariant ==   \\* Some more comprehensive checks beyond the type invariant     /\\ \\A e \\in Elevator :  \\* An elevator has a floor button pressed only if a person in that elevator is going to that floor         /\\ \\A f \\in ElevatorState[e].buttonsPressed :             /\\ \\E p \\in Person :                 /\\ PersonState[p].location = e                 /\\ PersonState[p].destination = f     /\\ \\A p \\in Person :    \\* A person is in an elevator only if the elevator is moving toward their destination floor         /\\ \\A e \\in Elevator :             /\\ (PersonState[p].location = e /\\ ElevatorState[e].floor /= PersonState[p].destination) =>                 /\\ ElevatorState[e].direction = GetDirection[ElevatorState[e].floor, PersonState[p].destination]     /\\ \\A c \\in ActiveElevatorCalls : PeopleWaiting[c.floor, c.direction] /= {} \\* No ghost calls  TemporalInvariant ==  \\* Expectations about elevator system capabilities     /\\ \\A c \\in ElevatorCall :  \\* Every call is eventually serviced by an elevator         /\\ c \\in ActiveElevatorCalls ~> \\E e \\in Elevator : CanServiceCall[e, c]     /\\ \\A p \\in Person :    \\* If a person waits for their elevator, they'll eventually arrive at their floor         /\\ PersonState[p].waiting ~> PersonState[p].location = PersonState[p].destination  PickNewDestination(p) ==    \\* Person decides they need to go to a different floor     LET pState == PersonState[p] IN     /\\ ~pState.waiting     /\\ pState.location \\in Floor     /\\ \\E f \\in Floor :         /\\ f /= pState.location         /\\ PersonState' = [PersonState EXCEPT ![p] = [@ EXCEPT !.destination = f]]     /\\ UNCHANGED <<ActiveElevatorCalls, ElevatorState>>  CallElevator(p) ==  \\* Person calls the elevator to go in a certain direction from their floor     LET pState == PersonState[p] IN     LET call == [floor |-> pState.location, direction |-> GetDirection[pState.location, pState.destination]] IN     /\\ ~pState.waiting     /\\ pState.location /= pState.destination     /\\ ActiveElevatorCalls' =         IF \\E e \\in Elevator :             /\\ CanServiceCall[e, call]             /\\ ElevatorState[e].doorsOpen         THEN ActiveElevatorCalls         ELSE ActiveElevatorCalls \\cup {call}     /\\ PersonState' = [PersonState EXCEPT ![p] = [@ EXCEPT !.waiting = TRUE]]     /\\ UNCHANGED <<ElevatorState>>  OpenElevatorDoors(e) == \\* Open the elevator doors if there is a call on this floor or the button for this floor was pressed.     LET eState == ElevatorState[e] IN     /\\ ~eState.doorsOpen     /\\  \\/ \\E call \\in ActiveElevatorCalls : CanServiceCall[e, call]         \\/ eState.floor \\in eState.buttonsPressed     /\\ ElevatorState' = [ElevatorState EXCEPT ![e] = [@ EXCEPT !.doorsOpen = TRUE, !.buttonsPressed = @ \\ {eState.floor}]]     /\\ ActiveElevatorCalls' = ActiveElevatorCalls \\ {[floor |-> eState.floor, direction |-> eState.direction]}     /\\ UNCHANGED <<PersonState>>      EnterElevator(e) == \\* All people on this floor who are waiting for the elevator and travelling the same direction enter the elevator.     LET eState == ElevatorState[e] IN     LET gettingOn == PeopleWaiting[eState.floor, eState.direction] IN     LET destinations == {PersonState[p].destination : p \\in gettingOn} IN     /\\ eState.doorsOpen     /\\ eState.direction /= \"Stationary\"     /\\ gettingOn /= {}     /\\ PersonState' = [p \\in Person |->         IF p \\in gettingOn         THEN [PersonState[p] EXCEPT !.location = e]         ELSE PersonState[p]]     /\\ ElevatorState' = [ElevatorState EXCEPT ![e] = [@ EXCEPT !.buttonsPressed = @ \\cup destinations]]     /\\ UNCHANGED <<ActiveElevatorCalls>>  ExitElevator(e) ==  \\* All people whose destination is this floor exit the elevator.     LET eState == ElevatorState[e] IN     LET gettingOff == {p \\in Person : PersonState[p].location = e /\\ PersonState[p].destination = eState.floor} IN     /\\ eState.doorsOpen     /\\ gettingOff /= {}     /\\ PersonState' = [p \\in Person |->         IF p \\in gettingOff         THEN [PersonState[p] EXCEPT !.location = eState.floor, !.waiting = FALSE]         ELSE PersonState[p]]     /\\ UNCHANGED <<ActiveElevatorCalls, ElevatorState>>  CloseElevatorDoors(e) ==    \\* Close the elevator doors once all people have entered and exited the elevator on this floor.     LET eState == ElevatorState[e] IN     /\\ ~ENABLED EnterElevator(e)     /\\ ~ENABLED ExitElevator(e)     /\\ eState.doorsOpen     /\\ ElevatorState' = [ElevatorState EXCEPT ![e] = [@ EXCEPT !.doorsOpen = FALSE]]     /\\ UNCHANGED <<PersonState, ActiveElevatorCalls>>  MoveElevator(e) ==  \\* Move the elevator to the next floor unless we have to open the doors here.     LET eState == ElevatorState[e] IN     LET nextFloor == IF eState.direction = \"Up\" THEN eState.floor + 1 ELSE eState.floor - 1 IN     /\\ eState.direction /= \"Stationary\"     /\\ ~eState.doorsOpen     /\\ eState.floor \\notin eState.buttonsPressed     /\\ \\A call \\in ActiveElevatorCalls : \\* Can move only if other elevator servicing call         /\\ CanServiceCall[e, call] =>             /\\ \\E e2 \\in Elevator :                 /\\ e /= e2                 /\\ CanServiceCall[e2, call]     /\\ nextFloor \\in Floor     /\\ ElevatorState' = [ElevatorState EXCEPT ![e] = [@ EXCEPT !.floor = nextFloor]]     /\\ UNCHANGED <<PersonState, ActiveElevatorCalls>>  StopElevator(e) == \\* Stops the elevator if it's moved as far as it can in one direction     LET eState == ElevatorState[e] IN     LET nextFloor == IF eState.direction = \"Up\" THEN eState.floor + 1 ELSE eState.floor - 1 IN     /\\ ~ENABLED OpenElevatorDoors(e)     /\\ ~eState.doorsOpen     /\\ nextFloor \\notin Floor     /\\ ElevatorState' = [ElevatorState EXCEPT ![e] = [@ EXCEPT !.direction = \"Stationary\"]]     /\\ UNCHANGED <<PersonState, ActiveElevatorCalls>>  (***************************************************************************) (* This action chooses an elevator to service the call. The simple         *) (* algorithm picks the closest elevator which is either stationary or      *) (* already moving toward the call floor in the same direction as the call. *) (* The system keeps no record of assigning an elevator to service a call.  *) (* It is possible no elevator is able to service a call, but we are        *) (* guaranteed an elevator will eventually become available.                *) (***************************************************************************) DispatchElevator(c) ==     LET stationary == {e \\in Elevator : ElevatorState[e].direction = \"Stationary\"} IN     LET approaching == {e \\in Elevator :         /\\ ElevatorState[e].direction = c.direction         /\\  \\/ ElevatorState[e].floor = c.floor             \\/ GetDirection[ElevatorState[e].floor, c.floor] = c.direction } IN     /\\ c \\in ActiveElevatorCalls     /\\ stationary \\cup approaching /= {}     /\\ ElevatorState' =         LET closest == CHOOSE e \\in stationary \\cup approaching :             /\\ \\A e2 \\in stationary \\cup approaching :                 /\\ GetDistance[ElevatorState[e].floor, c.floor] <= GetDistance[ElevatorState[e2].floor, c.floor] IN         IF closest \\in stationary         THEN [ElevatorState EXCEPT ![closest] = [@ EXCEPT !.floor = c.floor, !.direction = c.direction]]         ELSE ElevatorState     /\\ UNCHANGED <<PersonState, ActiveElevatorCalls>>  Init == \\* Initializes people and elevators to arbitrary floors     /\\ PersonState \\in [Person -> [location : Floor, destination : Floor, waiting : {FALSE}]]     /\\ ActiveElevatorCalls = {}     /\\ ElevatorState \\in [Elevator -> [floor : Floor, direction : {\"Stationary\"}, doorsOpen : {FALSE}, buttonsPressed : {{}}]]  Next == \\* The next-state relation     \\/ \\E p \\in Person : PickNewDestination(p)     \\/ \\E p \\in Person : CallElevator(p)     \\/ \\E e \\in Elevator : OpenElevatorDoors(e)     \\/ \\E e \\in Elevator : EnterElevator(e)     \\/ \\E e \\in Elevator : ExitElevator(e)     \\/ \\E e \\in Elevator : CloseElevatorDoors(e)     \\/ \\E e \\in Elevator : MoveElevator(e)     \\/ \\E e \\in Elevator : StopElevator(e)     \\/ \\E c \\in ElevatorCall : DispatchElevator(c)  TemporalAssumptions ==  \\* Assumptions about how elevators and people will behave     /\\ \\A p \\in Person : WF_Vars(CallElevator(p))     /\\ \\A e \\in Elevator : WF_Vars(OpenElevatorDoors(e))     /\\ \\A e \\in Elevator : WF_Vars(EnterElevator(e))     /\\ \\A e \\in Elevator : WF_Vars(ExitElevator(e))     /\\ \\A e \\in Elevator : SF_Vars(CloseElevatorDoors(e))     /\\ \\A e \\in Elevator : SF_Vars(MoveElevator(e))     /\\ \\A e \\in Elevator : WF_Vars(StopElevator(e))     /\\ \\A c \\in ElevatorCall : SF_Vars(DispatchElevator(c))  Spec == \\* Initialize state with Init and transition with Next, subject to TemporalAssumptions     /\\ Init     /\\ [][Next]_Vars     /\\ TemporalAssumptions  THEOREM Spec => [](TypeInvariant /\\ SafetyInvariant /\\ TemporalInvariant)  =============================================================================",
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Take a second and strum the guitar. It doesn't sound so good, does it?  We've just taken it out of storage and *it's all out of tune...*  [/section]  [section onEnterViewFully:`guitarState = 'headstock'; playScale = false;`] # Electric Tuner to the Rescue.  Tune the guitar using the tuner. Click and drag the tuning knobs on the right to tighten and loosen the strings. // Need a reward state to let them know when a string is in tune  [Tuner selectedString:targetString currFreq:currentFrequency /]  [conditional if:isInTune] Great work, scroll on. [/conditional]  [/section]  [section onEnterViewFully:`guitarState = null; playScale = false; `]  [conditional if:isInTune]  # A Sigh of Relief.  That sounds so much better! What a difference a few hertz make. Go ahead and play a little something.  // audio clip of guitar shredding  [div className:\"centered\"] [button onClick:`playRiff = true `]   Play a lick. [/button] [/div] [/conditional]   [conditional if:`!isInTune `]  # Keep at it. // the text in this section should depend on whether or not the guitar is in tune This doesn't sound in tune quite yet. Scroll back up and try to get all of the tuning knobs to turn green.  [/conditional]  [/section]  [section onEnterViewFully:`guitarState = 'pickups'; playScale = true; `] # How does this thing work?  Guitars generate noise through the vibration of their strings. On an electric guitar such as this one, magnetic \"pick-ups\" convert those vibrations into an electrical signal which can then be sent to a tuner or an amplifier.   [var name:\"waveInView\" value:false /] [WaveVisualizer   waveform:waveform   inView:waveInView   onEnterView:`waveInView = true `   onExitViewFully:`waveInView = false ` /]  This signal can be [visualized as a raw waveform](https://pudding.cool/2018/02/waveforms/), but often we want to visualize the frequency instead. The [fourier transform](https://jackschaedler.github.io/circles-sines-signals/dft_introduction.html) is a mathematical  function that reveals the audio frequencies hidden in that wave.  [var name:\"freqInView\" value:false /] [FreqViz   fft:fft   inView:freqInView   onEnterView:`freqInView = true `   onExitViewFully:`freqInView = false ` /]   Strum the guitar to see the frequency visualized.  [/section]  [section onEnterViewFully:`guitarState = null; playReference = false; `]  # Tuning by Ear.  Now that we've tuned the guitar using a tuner, let's try to tune the guitar by ear. This is more challenging, and it may take you time to master.  [/section]  [notification onEnterViewFully:` detuneGuitar = true; `] The guitar is out of tune again! [/notification]  [section onEnterViewFully:`guitarState = 'headstock'; playReference = true; tunerVisualization = false; `] # Match the Reference.  We'll start by tuning to a reference note. When you manipulate the tuners on the right the current note will be played, as will a reference note.  [div className:\"centered\"] [button onClick:` clean = !clean `]   [Display value:`clean ? \"Turn distortion on.\" :  \"Turn distortion off.\" `  /] [/button] [/div]  This will be easier with a cleaner sound. Match the two sounds to get the guitar in tune.  [/section]  [section onEnterView:`playReference = false; autotuneGuitar = true; ` ]  # Tuning Techniques.  ## Harmonic Intervals. // audio clip in text to illustrate intervals // guitar in tune here  Most of the strings on a guitar are separated by an interval known as a *perfect fourth*.  [div className:\"centered\"] [button className:\"interval\" onClick:` playNotes = 'E2:A2' `] ♬ E2-A2 [/button] [button className:\"interval\" onClick:` playNotes = 'A2:D3' `] ♬ A2-D3 [/button] [button className:\"interval\" onClick:` playNotes = 'D3:G3' `] ♬ D3-G3 [/button] [button className:\"interval\" onClick:` playNotes = 'B3:E4' `] ♬ B3-E4 [/button] [/div]   The perfect fourth is beautifully resonant, but there's one pair of strings on a guitar which are not separated by a perfect fourth.   The interval between the [equation]G[/equation] and [equation]B[/equation] strings is a *major third*. The major third sounds happy and uplifting.  [div className:\"centered\"] [button className:\"interval\" onClick:` playNotes = 'G3:B3' `] ♬ G3-B4 [/button] [/div] These intervals show up all the time in music, for example, the major third can be found the first two notes of  [The Saints](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ When_the_Saints_Go_Marching_In). The first two notes of [Amazing Grace](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazing_Grace) form a perfect fourth.  Learning to hear these intervals will help you tune your guitar without a tuner.  ## Find the beat.  [p onEnterViewFully:` clean = true ` ] When two strings are played together, they produce a third higher frequency known as an overtone. [/p]  // This overtune frequency is the least common multiple of the two component frequencies, which is amplified by the confluence of the two sound waves.  // For the purpose of tuning a guitar by ear, you just need to recognize that when two strings are played together they result in a higher frequency. We can see this  amplified overtone on the righthand side of the frequency visualizer. // show frequency visualizer here? trigger example? // However, when the two strings are not perfectly in tune, the overtone is amplified inconsistently over time. // This produces a rhythmic pulsing or \"beats\" in the overtone which you can hear if you listen carefully.  When the two strings are not perfectly in tune, the overtone is inconsistent over time. This produces a wobbling, *a beat*, in the overtone which you can hear if you  listen carefully.  Play notes with a [Dynamic value:beatDiff min:0 max:20 step:0.05 /] Hz difference:  [div className:\"centered\"]   [button onClick:` playBeats = true; ` ]     Listen for the beats!   [/button]   [button onClick:` clean = !clean `]     [Display value:`clean ? \"Turn distortion on.\" :  \"Turn distortion off.\" `  /]   [/button] [/div]  // These beats also show up in the frequency visualizer. // here, an illustrative example of beats changing with intonation would be nice // will find audio file [var name:\"freq3InView\" value:false /] [FreqViz   fft:fft   inView:freq3InView   showBeats:false   onEnterView:`freq3InView = true `   onExitViewFully:`freq3InView = false ` /]  As you get a pair of strings closer in tune, the beats will slow down until the overtone is perfectly amplified. Listening for the slowing of these beats is a helpful cue for tuning.  [/section]  [section]  # Practice makes perfect.  Try tuning the guitar by listening for the relationships between adjacent strings and the beats in the resultant overtone.  [var name:\"vizMode\" value:0 /] [div className:\"centered\"]  [button onClick:` vizMode = (vizMode + 1) % 3 `]   [Display value:`[\"Show tuner\", \"Show wave\", \"Show frequencies\"][vizMode] `  /] [/button] [button onClick:` clean = !clean `]   [Display value:`clean ? \"Add distortion\" :  \"Remove distortion\" `  /] [/button] [button className:\"tune-action\" onClick:` autotuneGuitar = true `] Tune Guitar [/button] [button className:\"tune-action\" onClick:` detuneGuitar = true `] Detune Guitar [/button] [/div]  [div className:\"centered\"] [/div]   [var name:\"freq2InView\" value:false /] [div style:`{display: vizMode === 0 ? 'block' : 'none'}`] [FreqViz   fft:fft   inView:freq2InView   onEnterView:`freq2InView = true `   onExitViewFully:`freq2InView = false ` /] [/div]  [div style:`{display: vizMode === 1 ? 'block' : 'none'}`]   [Tuner selectedString:targetString currFreq:currentFrequency /] [/div]   [div style:`{display: vizMode === 2 ? 'block' : 'none'}`]   [WaveVisualizer waveform:waveform inView:`vizMode === 2` /] [/div]     [/section]   [section]  # About this.  This page was built using [Idyll](https://idyll-lang.org), a markup language for interactive documents. The guitar was created using [Sketch Interactive Export](https://github.com/mathisonian/sketch-interactive-export),  [D3](http://d3js.org/), and a modified version of [Tone.js](https://tonejs.github.io/). Audio samples were  provided by [freesound.org user SpeedY](https://freesound.org/people/SpeedY/).  This project is from the [Interactive Data Lab](https://idl.cs.washington.edu/) at the [University of Washington](https://www.cs.washington.edu/).  [/section]   [analytics google:\"UA-108267630-1\" /]",
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    "repoStats_files": 3469,
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    "domainName_registered": 2014,
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    "wikipedia_related": "c python llvmir linux freebsd android javascript wasm",
    "wikipedia_summary": "eC (Ecere C) is an object-oriented programming language, defined as a super-set of the C language. eC was initially developed as part of the Ecere Cross-platform Software Development Kit project. The goals of the language are to provide object-oriented constructs, reflection, properties and dynamic modules on top of the C language while maintaining C compatibility and optimal native performance.eC currently relies on GCC or Clang to perform the final steps of compilation, using C as an intermediate language. There are, however, plans to integrate directly with LLVM to skip the intermediate C files.eC is available as part of the ecere-sdk package in Debian/Ubuntu and other derived Linux distributions. A Windows installer also bundling MinGW-w64 is available from the main website. The free and open-source SDK including the eC compiler can also be built for a number of other platforms, including OS X, FreeBSD and Android.It is also possible to deploy eC applications to the web by compiling them to JavaScript through Emscripten, or to WebAssembly through Binaryen.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2016,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 22,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 23,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 76,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 48971282,
    "lab": "Ecere Corporation",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "ec eh",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "ec",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "ec eh",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "ec eh",
    "writtenIn": "c make svg assembly-language python m4 cpp xml bourne-shell expect glsl yacc markdown yaml objective-c java tex lex perl html",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 981,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 66,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": true,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#ec",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 4684,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:EC",
    "country": "Canada",
    "leachim6_example": "class HelloWorldApp : Application {    void Main()    {       PrintLn(\"Hello World\");    } } ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "import \"ide\"  class Designer : DesignerBase {    ~Designer()    {       if(GetActiveDesigner() == this)       {          SetActiveDesigner(null);       }       if(classDesigner)          delete classDesigner;    }     // *** DesignerBase Implementation ***     void ModifyCode()    {       codeEditor.ModifyCode();    }     void UpdateProperties()    {       codeEditor.DesignerModifiedObject();    }     void CodeAddObject(Instance instance, ObjectInfo * object)    {       codeEditor.AddObject(instance, object);    }     void SheetAddObject(ObjectInfo object)    {       codeEditor.sheet.AddObject(object, object.name, typeData, true); //className, true);    }     void AddToolBoxClass(Class _class)    {       ((IDEWorkSpace)master).toolBox.AddControl(_class);    }     void AddDefaultMethod(Instance instance, Instance classInstance)    {       Class _class = instance._class;       Method defaultMethod = null;        for( ; _class; _class = _class.base)       {          Method method;          int minID = MAXINT;          for(method = (Method)_class.methods.first; method; method = (Method)((BTNode)method).next)          {             if(method.type == virtualMethod)             {                if(!method.dataType)                   method.dataType = ProcessTypeString(method.dataTypeString, false);                if(method.vid < minID && (instance == classInstance || (method.dataType.thisClass && eClass_IsDerived(classInstance._class, method.dataType.thisClass.registered))))                {                   defaultMethod = method;                   minID = method.vid;                }             }          }          if(defaultMethod)             break;       }       codeEditor.AddMethod(defaultMethod);    }     bool ObjectContainsCode(ObjectInfo object)    {       // Confirmation if control contains code       if(object.instCode)       {          MembersInit members;          if(object.instCode.members)          {             for(members = object.instCode.members->first; members; members = members.next)             {                if(members.type == methodMembersInit)                {                   //if(!Code_IsFunctionEmpty(members.function))                   {                      return true;                   }                }             }          }       }       return false;    }     void DeleteObject(ObjectInfo object)    {       if(codeEditor)          codeEditor.DeleteObject(object);    }     void RenameObject(ObjectInfo object, const char * name)    {       if(object && (name || !object.classDefinition))          codeEditor.RenameObject(object, name);    }     bool FindObject(Instance * object, const char * string)    {       ObjectInfo classObject;       for(classObject = codeEditor.classes.first; classObject; classObject = classObject.next)       {          ObjectInfo check;          if(classObject.name && !strcmp(string, classObject.name))          {             *object = classObject.instance;             break;          }          for(check = classObject.instances.first; check; check = check.next)          {             if(check.name && !strcmp(string, check.name))             {                *object = check.instance;                break;             }          }          if(check)             return true;       }       return false;    }     void SelectObjectFromDesigner(ObjectInfo object)    {       codeEditor.SelectObjectFromDesigner(object);    }     borderStyle = sizable;    isActiveClient = true;    hasVertScroll = true;    hasHorzScroll = true;    hasClose = true;    hasMaximize = true;    hasMinimize = true;    text = $\"Designer\";    menu = Menu { };    anchor = Anchor { left = 300, right = 150, top = 0, bottom = 0 };     ToolBox toolBox;    CodeEditor codeEditor;     Menu fileMenu { menu, $\"File\", f };    MenuItem fileSaveItem    {       fileMenu, $\"Save\", s, ctrlS;       bool NotifySelect(MenuItem selection, Modifiers mods)       {          return codeEditor.MenuFileSave(selection, mods);       }    };    MenuItem fileSaveAsItem    {       fileMenu, $\"Save As...\", a;       bool NotifySelect(MenuItem selection, Modifiers mods)       {          return codeEditor.MenuFileSaveAs(selection, mods);       }    };    bool debugClosing;     bool OnClose(bool parentClosing)    {       if(!parentClosing)       {          if(codeEditor && codeEditor.inUseDebug && !debugClosing)          {             debugClosing = true;             closing = false;             if(CloseConfirmation(false))             {                visible = false;                if(modifiedDocument)                   OnFileModified({ modified = true }, null);             }             debugClosing = false;             return false;          }          if(codeEditor && !codeEditor.closing && !debugClosing)          {             if(!codeEditor.visible)             {                if(!codeEditor.Destroy(0))                   return false;                else                   codeEditor = null;             }             else             {                visible = false;                return false;             }          }       }       return true;    }     bool OnActivate(bool active, Window previous, bool * goOnWithActivation, bool direct)    {       if(active)       {          codeEditor.EnsureUpToDate();          codeEditor.fixCaret = true;          /*          if(classDesigner)             classDesigner.Activate();          */       }       return true;    }     bool OnKeyHit(Key key, unichar ch)    {       return codeEditor.sheet.OnKeyHit(key, ch);    }     watch(modifiedDocument)    {       fileSaveItem.disabled = !modifiedDocument && codeEditor.fileName;    };     // *** METHODS ACCESSED FROM PROPERTY SHEET/TOOLBOX/CODE EDITOR ***    void Reset()    {       if(classDesigner)       {          classDesigner.Reset();          classDesigner.SelectObject(null, null);          classDesigner.Destroy(0);          delete classDesigner;       }    }     void FillToolBox()    {       if(this && classDesigner)          classDesigner.ListToolBoxClasses(this);    }     void SelectObject(ObjectInfo object, Instance instance)    {       ClassDesignerBase classDesigner = this.classDesigner; #ifdef _DEBUG       if(instance && instance._class.module.application != codeEditor.privateModule)          printf(\"warning: SelectObject: instance._class.module.application != codeEditor.privateModule\\n\"); #endif       if(!classDesigner || !instance || classDesigner._class != (Class)eInstance_GetDesigner(instance))       {          if(classDesigner)          {             classDesigner.SelectObject(null, null);             classDesigner.Destroy(0);             classDesigner = null;             delete this.classDesigner;          }          if(instance)          {             this.classDesigner = classDesigner = eInstance_New(eInstance_GetDesigner(instance));             incref classDesigner;             //if(!classDesigner.parent)             {                classDesigner.parent = this;                classDesigner.anchor = Anchor { left = 0, right = 0, top = 0, bottom = 0 };             }             classDesigner.Create();          }       }       // Call class editor SelectObject       if(classDesigner)          classDesigner.SelectObject(object, instance);    }     void AddObject()    {       // Call class editor AddObject       if(classDesigner)          classDesigner.AddObject();       if(visible)          Activate();       else          codeEditor.Activate();    }     void CreateObject(Instance instance, ObjectInfo object, bool isClass, Instance iclass)    {       subclass(ClassDesignerBase) designerClass = eInstance_GetDesigner(instance);        // Call class editor CreateObject       if(designerClass)          designerClass.CreateObject(this, instance, object, isClass, iclass);    }     void ::PostCreateObject(Instance instance, ObjectInfo object, bool isClass, Instance iclass)    {       subclass(ClassDesignerBase) designerClass = eInstance_GetDesigner(instance);        // Call class editor PostCreateObject       if(designerClass)          designerClass.PostCreateObject(instance, object, isClass, iclass);    }     void ::DroppedObject(Instance instance, ObjectInfo object, bool isClass, Instance iclass)    {       subclass(ClassDesignerBase) designerClass = eInstance_GetDesigner(instance);        // Call class editor PostCreateObject       if(designerClass)          designerClass.DroppedObject(instance, object, isClass, iclass);    }     void PrepareTestObject(Instance instance)    {       subclass(ClassDesignerBase) designerClass = eInstance_GetDesigner(instance);       if(designerClass)          designerClass.PrepareTestObject(this, instance);    }     void ::DestroyObject(Instance instance)    {       subclass(ClassDesignerBase) designerClass = eInstance_GetDesigner(instance);       if(designerClass)          designerClass.DestroyObject(instance);    }     void ::FixProperty(Property prop, Instance instance)    {       subclass(ClassDesignerBase) designerClass = eInstance_GetDesigner(instance);       if(designerClass)          designerClass.FixProperty(prop, instance);    } } ",
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    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/ec",
    "rijuRepl_example": "class Main : Application {    void Main()    {       PrintLn(\"Hello, world!\");    } } ",
    "wikipedia_example": "import \"ecere\"  class HelloForm : Window {    caption = \"My First eC Application\";    borderStyle = sizable;    clientSize = { 304, 162 };    hasClose = true;     Label label    {       this, position = { 10, 10 }, font = { \"Arial\", 30 },       caption = \"Hello, World!!\"    }; };  HelloForm hello { };",
    "leachim6": "Ec",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/ecere/ecere-sdk/",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "printToken": "PrintLn",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
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    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC_(programming_language)",
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    "domainName": "ec-lang.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "eC",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/ecere/ec.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2006|Springer|Early Nutrition And Its Later Consequences: New Opportunities: Perinatal Programming Of Adult Health - Ec Supported Research (advances In Experimental Medicine And Biology)|Berthold Koletzko and Margaret Ashwell and Peter Dodds and Hans Akerblom|9781402035340\\n2006|Springer|Early Nutrition and its Later Consequences: New Opportunities: Perinatal Programming of Adult Health - EC Supported Research (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Book 569)|Abdelghani Bellouquid; Marcello Delitala|9781402035357",
    "githubLanguage": "eC"
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  {
    "id": "bison",
    "name": "Bison",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "creators": "Robert Corbett",
    "measurements": 27,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "website": "https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 365,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 23924,
    "hoplId": 4653,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "lemon",
    "primaryTag": "grammarLanguage",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 2747,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 3641,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 196,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_group": "Yacc",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.yacc",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 2,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2007,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2011,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 2,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1985,
    "wikipedia_related": "c m4 java yacc ruby php go bash lilypond postgresql mysql octave",
    "wikipedia_summary": "GNU bison, commonly known as Bison, is a parser generator that is part of the GNU Project. Bison reads a specification of a context-free language, warns about any parsing ambiguities, and generates a parser (either in C, C++, or Java) which reads sequences of tokens and decides whether the sequence conforms to the syntax specified by the grammar. Bison by default generates LALR parsers but can also create GLR parsers. In POSIX mode, Bison is compatible with yacc, but also has several extensions over this earlier program. flex, an automatic lexical analyser, is often used with Bison, to tokenise input data and provide Bison with tokens. Bison was originally written by Robert Corbett in 1985. Later, in 1989, Robert Corbett released another parser generator named Berkeley Yacc. Bison was made Yacc-compatible by Richard Stallman. Bison is free software and is available under the GNU General Public License, with an exception (discussed below) allowing its generated code to be used without triggering the copyleft requirements of the licence.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 125,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 65,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 53189,
    "lab": "GNU Project",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "bison",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 846,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 30,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "docs": "https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/manual/bison.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/bison",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://github.com/babyraging/yash",
    "example": "/* Reverse Polish Notation calculator. */  %{   #include <stdio.h>   #include <math.h>   int yylex (void);   void yyerror (char const *); %}  %define api.value.type {double} %token NUM  %% /* Grammar rules and actions follow. */",
    "wikipedia_example": "# Makefile  FILES = Lexer.c Parser.c Expression.c main.c CC = g++ CFLAGS = -g -ansi  test:  $(FILES)   $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(FILES) -o test  Lexer.c: Lexer.l   flex Lexer.l  Parser.c: Parser.y Lexer.c   bison Parser.y  clean:   rm -f *.o *~ Lexer.c Lexer.h Parser.c Parser.h test",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_bison",
    "bookCount": 2,
    "paperCount": 1,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=4653",
    "githubBigQuery": "Bison",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/bison.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n20090805|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|flex & bison|John Levine|9781449379278\\n20090805|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|flex & bison|John Levine|9781449391973",
    "githubLanguage": "Bison",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2001|Why bison is becoming extinct|10.1145/969637.969640|9|1|John Aycock|cddbb56c25f401c0a8fd179101524e09ae17c75d"
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  {
    "id": "simula",
    "name": "Simula",
    "appeared": 1965,
    "creators": "Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard",
    "measurements": 34,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 366,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 23922,
    "hoplId": 170,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "s/Simula.sim",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1965,
    "wikipedia_related": "algol-60 object-pascal java csharp algol smalltalk beta doi isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Simula is the name of two simulation programming languages, Simula I and Simula 67, developed in the 1960s at the Norwegian Computing Center in Oslo, by Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard. Syntactically, it is a fairly faithful superset of ALGOL 60. Simula 67 introduced objects, classes, inheritance and subclasses, virtual procedures, coroutines, and discrete event simulation, and features garbage collection. Also other forms of subtyping (besides inheriting subclasses) were introduced in Simula derivatives. Simula is considered the first object-oriented programming language. As its name suggests, Simula was designed for doing simulations, and the needs of that domain provided the framework for many of the features of object-oriented languages today. Simula has been used in a wide range of applications such as simulating VLSI designs, process modeling, protocols, algorithms, and other applications such as typesetting, computer graphics, and education. The influence of Simula is often understated, and Simula-type objects are reimplemented in C++, Object Pascal, Java, C# and several other languages. Computer scientists such as Bjarne Stroustrup, creator of C++, and James Gosling, creator of Java, have acknowledged Simula as a major influence.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 218,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 153,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 435,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 29513,
    "lab": "Norwegian Computing Center",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "sim",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1110,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 42,
    "influencedBy": "algol-60",
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "visualParadigm": false,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#simula",
    "docs": "https://portablesimula.github.io/github.io/doc/SimulaTextBook.pdf",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Simula",
    "country": "Norway",
    "reference": "https://www.mn.uio.no/ifi/english/about/ole-johan-dahl/bibliography/the-birth-of-object-orientation-the-simula-languages.pdf",
    "helloWorldCollection": "! Hello World in Simula;  BEGIN     OutText(\"Hello World!\");     OutImage; END ",
    "leachim6_example": "Begin    OutText (\"Hello World\");    Outimage; End;",
    "wikipedia_example": "Simulation Begin    Class FittingRoom; Begin       Ref (Head) door;       Boolean inUse;       Procedure request; Begin          If inUse Then Begin              Wait (door);              door.First.Out;          End;          inUse:= True;       End;       Procedure leave; Begin          inUse:= False;          Activate door.First;       End;       door:- New Head;    End;       Procedure report (message); Text message; Begin       OutFix (Time, 2, 0); OutText (\": \" & message); OutImage;    End;     Process Class Person (pname); Text pname; Begin       While True Do Begin          Hold (Normal (12, 4, u));          report  (pname & \" is requesting the fitting room\");          fittingroom1.request;          report (pname & \" has entered the fitting room\");          Hold (Normal (3, 1, u));          fittingroom1.leave;          report (pname & \" has left the fitting room\");       End;    End;     Integer u;    Ref (FittingRoom) fittingRoom1;     fittingRoom1:- New FittingRoom;    Activate New Person (\"Sam\");    Activate New Person (\"Sally\");    Activate New Person (\"Andy\");    Hold (100); End;",
    "leachim6": "Simula",
    "lineCommentToken": "!",
    "printToken": "OutText",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "assignmentToken": ":=",
    "booleanTokens": "True False",
    "hasAssignment": true,
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simula",
    "bookCount": 5,
    "paperCount": 14,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=170",
    "tiobe": "Simula",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1989-11-01T00:00:01Z|Addison-Wesley|Object-Oriented Programming With Simula (International Computer Science Series)|Kirkerud, Bjorn|9780201175745\\n1987|Alfred Waller Ltd|An Introduction to Programming in Simula (Computer Science Texts)|Pooley, R. J.|9780632016112\\n1987|Alfred Waller Ltd|Introduction To Programming With Simula (computer Science Texts)|R. J. Pooley|9780632014224",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1972|General Concepts of the Simula 67 Programming Language|10.1016/0066-4138(72)90004-3|18|0|J. Ichbiah and S. Morse|b960d635e5452df1e01b52de7c9e0f2c1e6ecee7\\n1980|An Abstract Type for Statistics Collection in Simula|10.1145/357114.357118|14|0|C. Landwehr|527d7f67574dba3a8ae98cd8ca14aee9e3d74350\\n1986|Object-oriented simulation—Ada, C++, Simula|10.1145/318242.318278|7|0|B. Unger|b3e4886211aca2b370165510714fcc394a145ccc\\n1968|A comparison between simula and fortran|10.1007/BF01933421|6|0|J. Palme|dbeb6a36b04553de59c6aa5328605f7a8c84c8be\\n1971|Simulation data structures using SIMULA 67|10.1145/800294.811447|6|1|J. Vaucher|22ef52b7ff6713f19e0b0a0521241e34e676e4c2\\n1984|An Outline of the Programming Language Simula|10.1016/0096-0551(84)90018-3|6|0|M. Papazoglou and P. Georgiadis and D. Maritsas|80191d485bfa1963ee27d0d877a0ad36dd6f1c52\\n1976|Evaluation of ALGOL 68, JOVIAL J3B, PASCAL, SIMULA 67, and TACPOL vs. TINMAN Requirements for a Common High Order Programming Language.|10.21236/ada033893|3|0|J. Goodenough and C. McGowan and J. R. Kelly|be654e5389930136859ef4263619d9f59a5ee216\\n1982|Uses of the SIMULA process concept|10.1002/spe.4380120205|2|0|J. Palme|32efb94171675f3c5931f3c463006e4e2cde195c\\n2007|An Accidental Simula User|10.1007/978-3-540-73589-2_10|2|0|L. Cardelli|ff6f1c49ff00efa483807fae71ef2a0f2baf6a04\\n2007|Celebrating 40 years of language evolution: simula 67 to the present and beyond|10.1145/1297846.1297971|2|0|S. Fraser and James Gosling and Anders Hejlsberg and O. Madsen and B. Meyer and G. Steele|83da4c78b3244a29958643c508918bbcacaf966a\\n1978|ACM SIGPLAN history of programming languages conference SIMULA language summary|10.1145/960118.808390|2|0|W. Franta|75b608fd523e890864babecbd61c402c817cc4e5\\n1986|Ada, as seen from Simula|10.1002/j.1097-024X.1986.tb00001.x|1|0|S. Krogdahl and K. A. Olsen|9b52e08be43911cf540732b3afc9c2aa93a83823\\n1976|Experience from the standardization of the SIMULA programming language|10.1002/spe.4380060314|1|0|J. Palme|785beabc4eb91d414c0cbf015824057586d0bb72\\n1981|The class concept in the Simula programming language|10.1145/800142.805365|1|0|J. Palme and M. Wallin|2a07093ebd4db925ac02c36887b37eb2b7ccef37",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nObject-Oriented Programming with SIMULA|1989|Bjørn Kirkerud|3923315|0.0|0|0\\nAnti-fragile ICT Systems (Simula SpringerBriefs on Computing)||Kjell Jørgen Hole|61222579|3.00|1|0"
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    "id": "wisp",
    "name": "wisp",
    "appeared": 2012,
    "creators": "Santosh Rajan and Irakli Gozalishvili and LeXofLeviafan and Chris McCormick",
    "measurements": 27,
    "tags": "pl lisp",
    "website": "https://web.archive.org/web/20201121215216/https://gozala.io/wisp/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.13.0",
    "rank": 367,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "writtenInCount": 5,
    "pldbScore": 23921,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/Gozala/wisp",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 17,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 23,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 30,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "clojure",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "clojure",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-clojure",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.clojure",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2012,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2012,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 38,
    "githubRepo_forks": 69,
    "githubRepo_stars": 983,
    "githubRepo_issues": 58,
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 149,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Golo",
    "country": "Unknown",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Golo",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/golo_lang",
    "leachim6": "Golo",
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    "hasHexadecimals": true,
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    "hasOctals": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
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    "id": "ring",
    "name": "Ring",
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    "creators": "Mahmoud Fayed",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://ring-lang.net",
    "foundationScore": 7,
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    "inboundLinks": "adept cloc ecl eiffel rapidbatch reko-decompiler zig",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2016,
    "wikipedia_related": "c linux lua python ruby csharp basic qml xbase",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Ring is a dynamic and general-purpose programming language. It can be embedded in C/C++ projects, extended using C/C++ code and/or used as a standalone language. The supported programming paradigms are imperative, procedural, object-oriented, functional, Meta programming, declarative programming using nested structures, and natural programming. The language is portable (Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Android, etc.) and can be used to create Console, GUI, Web, Games and Mobile applications.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2017,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 52912829,
    "lab": "King Saud University",
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    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "ring",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "ring rh rform",
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    "expandedMeasurements": 37,
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    "clocExtensions": "rform rh ring",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 1517,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Ring",
    "country": "Saudi Arabia",
    "leachim6_example": "see \"Hello World\"",
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    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 2,
    "paperCount": 6,
    "tiobe": "Ring",
    "domainName": "ring-lang.net",
    "githubBigQuery": "Ring",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/MahmoudFayed/atom-language-ring",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2020|Apress|Beginning Ring Programming: From Novice to Professional|Ayouni, Mansour|9781484258323\\n2017|Independently published|The Lily and the Cross: A Ring and Crown Novel|de la Cruz, Melissa|9781973305514",
    "githubLanguage": "Ring",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1968|Programming Techniques: ASP—a ring implemented associative structure package|10.1145/363567.363576|23|1|C. Lang and J. Gray|4aac001b7741dc79056c86e9aaa4a2e20841b68e\\n1979|A concurrent computer architecture and a ring based implementation|10.1145/800090.802887|18|0|E. P. Farrell and N. Ghani and Philip C. Treieaven|e7264016181480b2b7998c0144ba6a3fa6e9c5c8\\n2002|A fairness algorithm for high-speed networks based on a resilient packet ring architecture|10.1109/ICSMC.2002.1173424|12|1|S. Gjessing and A. Maus|8d161696f4d67072322de750cb62f0423b66190a\\n2014|A Method of Parametric Design of Automobile Synchronizer Ring Based on UG Secondary Development Tools|10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.716-717.635|2|0|H. Cui and Na Tian and R. Li and Xiuhua Men|10158e3240736e06a7f86557b88a091125c04648\\n2020|Automated and robust beam data validation of a preconfigured ring gantry linear accelerator using a 1D tank with synchronized beam delivery and couch motions|10.1002/acm2.12946|1|0|N. Knutson and Matthew C. Schmidt and F. Reynoso and Y. Hao and T. Mazur and E. Laugeman and Geoffrey D. Hugo and S. Mutic and H. Li and W. Ngwa and B. Cai and E. Sajo|5031e2a80bf90ede774a65ee8fb018ee2dc1e34c\\n2021|Monitoring and Predicting Occupant’s Sleep Quality by Using Wearable Device OURA Ring and Smart Building Sensors Data (Living Laboratory Case Study)|10.3390/buildings11100459|1|0|Elena Malakhatka and Anas Al Al Rahis and Osman Osman and P. Lundqvist|164c0ee640f4e4e977905185cd4c693c1d12ab13"
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "exampleCount": 3,
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    "country": "Sweden",
    "example": "function main() {    let x = (\"a\", 2, true)     println(\"{}\", x.1) }",
    "compilerExplorer_example": "function square(num: i32) -> i32 {     return num * num }  function main() {     return square(num: 3) } ",
    "leachim6_example": "function main() {     println(\"Hello World\") } ",
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    "id": "avi-synth",
    "name": "AviSynth",
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    "creators": "Ben Rudiak-Gould and Edwin van Eggelen and Klaus Post and Richard Berg and Ian Brabham",
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    "tags": "editor",
    "website": "http://avisynth.nl",
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    "githubRepo_created": 2013,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2002,
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    "description": "Avisynth is a scripting language and a collection of filters for simple (and not so simple!) non-linear video editing tasks. It frameserves video to applications",
    "githubRepo_description": "Avisynth is a scripting language and a collection of filters for simple (and not so simple!) non-linear video editing tasks. It frameserves video to applications",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "Avisynth is a scripting language and a collection of filters for simple (and not so simple!) non-linear video editing tasks. It frameserves video to applications",
    "fileExtensions": ".avs",
    "writtenIn": "restructuredtext cpp html cmake svg make yaml c markdown python powershell",
    "leetSheets": "http://avisynth.nl/index.php/First_script",
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    "docs": "http://avisynth.nl/index.php/Main_Page",
    "packageRepository": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/avisynth",
    "country": "The Netherlands",
    "example": "filename=\"somefile.avi\" logfile=\"output.txt\" path=\"P:\\ath\\To\\Files\\\" lumathresh=80 imageprefix=\"prefix_\"",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/AviSynth/AviSynthPlus",
    "sourcehutRepo": "https://sourceforge.net/projects/avisynth2/",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AviSynth",
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  {
    "id": "lolcode",
    "name": "LOLCODE",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "creators": "Adam Lindsay",
    "measurements": 26,
    "tags": "esolang",
    "website": "http://lolcode.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 23915,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "esolang",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 106,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 109,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 235,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
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    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "l/LOLCODE.lol",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2007,
    "wikipedia_related": "c php javascript parrot-vm",
    "wikipedia_summary": "LOLCODE is an esoteric programming language inspired by lolspeak, the language expressed in examples of the lolcat Internet meme. The language was created in 2007 by Adam Lindsay, researcher at the Computing Department of Lancaster University. The language is not clearly defined in terms of operator priorities and correct syntax, but several functioning interpreters and compilers exist. One interpretation of the language has been proven Turing-complete.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 293,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 98,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 15450778,
    "lab": "Lancaster University",
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    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#lolcode",
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/esolang/lolcode",
    "replit": "https://repl.it/languages/lolcode",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:LOLCODE",
    "country": "England",
    "example": "HAI 1.3     OBTW       Author: Logan Kelly (logan.kelly@gmail.com)       Github: https://github.com/LoganKelly/LOLTracer     TLDR      OBTW prev is the number used in the randin function.          I had to declare it in global scope so that it          would retain its value between calls to randin.     TLDR     I HAS A prev ITZ 0     I HAS A rand_max ITZ 104729       OBTW Equivalent to C's rand() function, except returns         a number in the range of 0 to rand_max.     TLDR     HOW IZ I randin         I HAS A a ITZ 33083         I HAS A c ITZ 67607         prev R MOD OF SUM OF PRODUKT OF prev AN a AN c AN rand_max         FOUND YR prev     IF U SAY SO       BTW Returns a random number within the range of 0-1.     HOW IZ I rand_onein         I HAS A rand_num ITZ I IZ randin MKAY         rand_num IS NOW A NUMBAR         I HAS A rand_max_float ITZ MAEK rand_max A NUMBAR         FOUND YR  QUOSHUNT OF rand_num AN rand_max_float     IF U SAY SO       OBTW Equivalent to C ceil() function. Returns the next         largest integer for the given number.     TLDR     HOW IZ I ceilin YR num         I HAS A int_num ITZ num         int_num IS NOW A NUMBR         BOTH SAEM int_num AN num, O RLY?             YA RLY, FOUND YR num         OIC         DIFFRINT num AN SMALLR OF num AN 0, O RLY?             YA RLY                 int_num R SUM OF int_num AN 1                 FOUND YR MAEK int_num A NUMBAR         OIC         DIFFRINT num AN BIGGR OF num AN 0, O RLY?             YA RLY                 FOUND YR MAEK int_num A NUMBAR         OIC     IF U SAY SO       OBTW Convert a number to hexadecimal. This          is returned as a string.     TLDR     HOW IZ I decimal_to_hex YR num         I HAS A i ITZ 0         I HAS A rem         I HAS A hex_num ITZ A BUKKIT         I HAS A decimal_num ITZ num         IM IN YR num_loop             rem R MOD OF decimal_num AN 16             I HAS A hex_digit             rem, WTF?                 OMG 10, hex_digit R \"A\", GTFO                 OMG 1",
    "leachim6_example": "HAI CAN HAS STDIO? VISIBLE \"Hello World\" KTHXBYE ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/lolcode",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/icanhaslolcode",
    "wikipedia_example": "HAI 1.2 CAN HAS STDIO? IM IN YR LOOP UPPIN YR VAR TIL BOTH SAEM VAR AN 10     VISIBLE SUM OF VAR AN 1 IM OUTTA YR LOOP KTHXBYE",
    "leachim6": "LOLCODE",
    "stringToken": "\"",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LOLCODE",
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    "domainName": "lolcode.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "LOLCODE",
    "githubLanguage": "LOLCODE"
  },
  {
    "id": "scroll",
    "name": "Scroll",
    "appeared": 2019,
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    "id": "datalog",
    "name": "Datalog",
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    "wikipedia_related": "prolog java owl c python ruby lua clojure racket tcl haskell dot-ql rdf sparql",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Datalog is a declarative logic programming language that syntactically is a subset of Prolog. It is often used as a query language for deductive databases. In recent years, Datalog has found new application in data integration, information extraction, networking, program analysis, security, and cloud computing. Its origins date back to the beginning of logic programming, but it became prominent as a separate area around 1977 when Hervé Gallaire and Jack Minker organized a workshop on logic and databases. David Maier is credited with coining the term Datalog.",
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/datalog",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Datalog",
    "country": "Italy",
    "reference": "https://percival.jake.tl/",
    "example": "parent(john, douglas). % store some data parent(john, douglas)? % run a query",
    "wikipedia_example": "ancestor(X,Y) :- parent(X,Y).  ancestor(X,Y) :- parent(X,Z),ancestor(Z,Y).",
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Lam|94057235c4bdea2c4df6304ed98ca23e77749893\\n1999|Workflow, transactions and datalog|10.1145/303976.304005|77|10|A. Bonner|e601c809f7bc8dbaee66cdd5666c0898dd070fbd\\n2016|From Datalog to flix: a declarative language for fixed points on lattices|10.1145/2908080.2908096|72|11|Magnus Madsen and Ming-Ho Yee and O. Lhoták|50e8b66fad4dd05e1e5e776ffc08b2d4c80b5a3f\\n2010|The Disjunctive Datalog System DLV|10.1007/978-3-642-24206-9_17|69|4|Mario Alviano and Wolfgang Faber and N. Leone and S. Perri and G. Pfeifer and G. Terracina|fb0aed07aedabb52489e7b2cf3766b00691d7225\\n2010|Dyna: Extending Datalog for Modern AI|10.1007/978-3-642-24206-9_11|61|1|Jason Eisner and N. Filardo|8b3bfe03e36ab65d48655813586b43fc8ca3e9b0\\n2005|CodeQuest: querying source code with datalog|10.1145/1094855.1094884|39|4|Elnar Hajiyev and M. Verbaere and O. Moor and K. Volder|df5328296c7c57b4bfefb20e97ece73dae86ad1b\\n2011|Functional description of geoprocessing services as conjunctive datalog queries|10.1007/s10707-009-0093-4|34|5|D. Fitzner and J. Hoffmann and E. Klien|0e4370dbc008651b01fb96a0a1f761a78a685aa7\\n2015|SociaLite: An Efficient Graph Query Language Based on Datalog|10.1109/TKDE.2015.2405562|34|3|Jiwon Seo and Stephen Guo and M. Lam|f61c359ecc37e9efeef3e3582170d2b13e753027\\n2008|A Theoretical Framework for the Declarative Debugging of Datalog Programs|10.1007/978-3-540-88594-8_8|33|0|R. Caballero and Y. García-Ruiz and F. Sáenz-Pérez|02addce453fcfe5e5b73cfafa4f470d81ce461a9\\n2019|Synthesizing Datalog Programs Using Numerical Relaxation|10.24963/ijcai.2019/847|32|2|X. Si and Mukund Raghothaman and K. Heo and M. Naik|6a2106628da2710b7a79f35f66dfd1cc015f14ae\\n2012|Disjunctive datalog with existential quantifiers: Semantics, decidability, and complexity issues|10.1017/S1471068412000257|30|5|Mario Alviano and Wolfgang Faber and N. 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    "description": "Logica is an open source declarative logic programming language for data manipulation. Logica is a successor to Yedalog, a language created at Google earlier.",
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    "country": "United States",
    "example": "# Define natural numbers from 1 to 29. N(x) :- x in Range(30); # Define primes. Prime(prime: x) :-   N(x),   x > 1,   ~(     N(y),     y > 1,     y != x,     Mod(x, y) == 0   );",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/evgskv/logica",
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    "bookCount": 1,
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    "domainName": "logica.dev",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2008|Springer|Towards Mathematical Philosophy: Papers from the Studia Logica conference Trends in Logic IV|Tshilidzi Marwala; Monica Lagazio|9781402090844"
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    "id": "rest",
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    "appeared": 1996,
    "creators": "Roy Fielding",
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    "tags": "protocol",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "protocol",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1994,
    "wikipedia_related": "wsdl soap url xml html json http javascript",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Representational state transfer (REST) or RESTful web services are a way of providing interoperability between computer systems on the Internet. REST-compliant Web services allow requesting systems to access and manipulate textual representations of Web resources using a uniform and predefined set of stateless operations. Other forms of Web services exist, which expose their own arbitrary sets of operations such as WSDL and SOAP. \"Web resources\" were first defined on the World Wide Web as documents or files identified by their URLs, but today they have a much more generic and abstract definition encompassing every thing or entity that can be identified, named, addressed or handled, in any way whatsoever, on the Web. In a RESTful Web service, requests made to a resource's URI will elicit a response that may be in XML, HTML, JSON or some other defined format. The response may confirm that some alteration has been made to the stored resource, and it may provide hypertext links to other related resources or collections of resources. Using HTTP, as is most common, the kind of operations available include those predefined by the HTTP methods GET, POST, PUT, DELETE and so on. By using a stateless protocol and standard operations, REST systems aim for fast performance, reliability, and the ability to grow, by re-using components that can be managed and updated without affecting the system as a whole, even while it is running. The term representational state transfer was introduced and defined in 2000 by Roy Fielding in his doctoral dissertation. Fielding's dissertation explained the REST principles were known as the \"HTTP object model\" beginning in 1994, and were used in designing the HTTP 1.1 and Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) standards. The term is intended to evoke an image of how a well-designed Web application behaves: it is a network of Web resources (a virtual state-machine) where the user progresses through the application by selecting links, such as /user/tom, and operations such as GET or DELETE (state transitions), resulting in the next resource (representing the next state of the application) being transferred to the user for their use.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "docs": "https://restfulapi.net/ https://docs.github.com/en/rest",
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    "wordRank": 1547,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representational_state_transfer",
    "bookCount": 5,
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2012|Pearson|SOA with REST: Principles, Patterns & Constraints for Building Enterprise Solutions with REST (The Pearson Service Technology Series from Thomas Erl)|Erl, Thomas and Carlyle, Benjamin and Pautasso, Cesare and Balasubramanian, Raj|9780137012510\\n2018|Independently published|The Simple Six: The Easy Way to Get in Shape and Stay in Shape for the Rest of your Life|Dobbins, Clinton|9781791509408\\n2012|O'Reilly Media|Building Web Applications with Erlang: Working with REST and Web Sockets on Yaws|Kessin, Zachary|9781449309961\\n|O'reilly Media|Programming Web Services With Rest|Kendall Grant Clark|9780596006037\\n2015|Apress|Pro REST API Development with Node.js|Doglio, Fernando|9781484209172",
    "indeedJobs": "rest developer",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2014|The Ensembl REST API: Ensembl Data for Any Language|10.1093/bioinformatics/btu613|144|13|Andrew D. Yates and Kathryn Beal and S. Keenan and W. McLaren and M. Pignatelli and G. Ritchie and Magali Ruffier and K. Taylor and Alessandro Vullo and P. Flicek|2f037c4247c4eaf4e7c732777e7b9956a029d9fa\\n2005|A patient-identity security mechanism for electronic medical records during transit and at rest|10.1080/14639230500209443|21|0|H. Chao and S. Twu and Chin-Ming Hsu|ace709d8335dbf12c4a2586c26161c13ffd8c8ab\\n2018|Eleven quick tips to build a usable REST API for life sciences|10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006542|9|0|Aleksandra Tarkowska and D. Carvalho-Silva and C. E. Cook and E. Turner and R. Finn and Andrew D. Yates|40baed8ce82389d779c7f22c4b7da3c4cd21c81a\\n2016|Metamodeling vs Metaprogramming: A Case Study on Developing Client Libraries for REST APIs|10.1007/978-3-319-42061-5_13|7|0|M. Scheidgen and Sven Efftinge and Frederik Marticke|76472a147f943c45cf6fececcb83916666e42923\\n2019|Implementasi Rest Api Web Service dalam Membangun Aplikasi Multiplatform untuk Usaha Jasa|10.30812/MATRIK.V18I2.407|6|0|Romi Choirudin and Ahmat Adil|c31322f615830daa87f30a05b97055913d46fcd9\\n2018|API REST Web service and backend system Of Lecturer’s Assessment Information System on Politeknik Negeri Bali|10.1088/1742-6596/953/1/012069|3|0|I. Manuaba and E. Rudiastini|bd201af25bb641d6589e8ed9edf8eab4a5b2730d\\n2015|Matlab Adapter - Online Access to Matlab/Simulink Based on REST Web Services|10.1007/978-3-319-18503-3_20|2|0|Miroslav Gula and K. Žáková|3b95c0284310a8cc6d3cb628757d0144153a85c3\\n2019|Comparative Study between Web Services Technologies: REST and WSDL|10.1109/3ICT.2019.8910298|1|0|Rashed A. Bahlool and A. Zeki|8b241398fc0f8d2cfd4f83bf6722fcb741ddebd4"
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  {
    "id": "smarty",
    "name": "Smarty",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "creators": "Monte Ohrt and Messju Mohr and Uwe Tews",
    "measurements": 21,
    "tags": "template",
    "website": "http://www.smarty.net",
    "foundationScore": 5,
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    "exampleCount": 2,
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    "inboundLinks": "ace cloc eiffel mgmt netbeans-editor",
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjects": "author name avatar url language languageColor stars forks currentPeriodStars description\\nhelm charts https://github.com/helm.png https://github.com/helm/charts Smarty #ccc 9872 9946 429 \"Curated applications for Kubernetes\"\\nbitnami charts https://github.com/bitnami.png https://github.com/bitnami/charts Smarty #ccc 596 328 51 \"Helm Charts\"\\nconfluentinc cp-helm-charts https://github.com/confluentinc.png https://github.com/confluentinc/cp-helm-charts Smarty #ccc 286 251 19 \"The Confluent Platform Helm charts enable you to deploy Confluent Platform services on Kubernetes for development, test, and proof of concept environments.\"\\nistio installer https://github.com/istio.png https://github.com/istio/installer Smarty #ccc 81 65 7 \"A modular, a-la-carte installer for Istio components\"\\ncloudnativeapp charts https://github.com/cloudnativeapp.png https://github.com/cloudnativeapp/charts Smarty #ccc 120 49 48 \"Localized Helm charts from Helm Hub to China\"\\nAnankke SSPanel-Uim https://github.com/Anankke.png https://github.com/Anankke/SSPanel-Uim Smarty #ccc 2661 1683 224 \"SSPanel V3 魔改再次修改版\"\\nfluxcd flux-get-started https://github.com/fluxcd.png https://github.com/fluxcd/flux-get-started Smarty #ccc 32 631 6 \"Getting started with Flux and the Helm Operator\"",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "smarty",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "smarty",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-smarty",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "text.html.smarty",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 34,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2005,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
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    "wikipedia_related": "php isbn twig",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Smarty is a web template system written in PHP. Smarty is primarily promoted as a tool for separation of concerns. Smarty is intended to simplify compartmentalization, allowing the front-end of a web page to change separately from its back-end. Ideally, this lowers costs and minimizes the efforts associated with software maintenance. Smarty generates web content through the placement of special Smarty tags within a document. These tags are processed and substituted with other code. Tags are directives for Smarty that are enclosed by template delimiters. These directives can be variables, denoted by a dollar sign ($), functions, logical or loop statements. Smarty allows PHP programmers to define custom functions that can be accessed using Smarty tags.",
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    "lab": "http://groups.google.com/group/smarty-developers",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "tpl",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "tpl",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 586,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 25,
    "numberOfCreators": 3,
    "clocExtensions": "smarty tpl",
    "fileType": "text",
    "codeMirror": "smarty",
    "country": "United States and Germany",
    "example": "<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang=\"en\"> <head>    <meta charset=\"utf-8\">    <title>{$title_text|escape}</title> </head>  <body> {* This is a little comment that won't be visible in the HTML source *} {$body_html} </body> <!-- this is a little comment that will be seen in the HTML source --> </html>",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Smarty",
    "wikipedia_example": "define('SMARTY_DIR', 'smarty-2.6.22/'); require_once(SMARTY_DIR . 'Smarty.class.php');  $smarty = new Smarty(); $smarty->template_dir = './templates/'; $smarty->compile_dir = './templates/compile/';  $smarty->assign('title_text', 'TITLE: This is the Smarty basic example ...'); $smarty->assign('body_html', '<p>BODY: This is the message set using assign()</p>');  $smarty->display('index.tpl');",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smarty_(template_engine)",
    "bookCount": 4,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "tiobe": "Smarty",
    "domainName": "smarty.net",
    "githubBigQuery": "Smarty",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/php-smarty.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2006|Packt Publishing|Smarty PHP Template Programming And Applications|Hasin Hayder and J. P. Maia and Lucian Gheorghe|9781904811404\\n2006-04-30|Packt Publishing|Smarty PHP Template Programming and Applications|Hasin Hayder and Joao Prado Maia and Lucian Gheorghe|9781847190284\\n20070619|O'Reilly Media, Inc.|PHP and Smarty on Large-Scale Web Development|Bruno Pedro|9780596513795\\n2006|Packt Pub.|Smarty: PHP template programming and applications : a step-by-step guide to building PHP web sites and applications using the Smarty templating engine|Prado Maia, João.|9781904811404",
    "githubLanguage": "Smarty"
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  {
    "id": "bcpl",
    "name": "BCPL",
    "appeared": 1966,
    "creators": "Martin Richards",
    "measurements": 28,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 405,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 23820,
    "hoplId": 374,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "b/BCPL.bcl",
    "standsFor": "Basic Combined Programming Language",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1966,
    "wikipedia_related": "cpl b c go pascal java fortran cpl",
    "wikipedia_summary": "BCPL (\"Basic Combined Programming Language\"; or 'Before C Programming Language' (a common humorous backronym) ) is a procedural, imperative, and structured computer programming language. Originally intended for writing compilers for other languages, BCPL is no longer in common use. However, its influence is still felt because a stripped down and syntactically changed version of BCPL, called B, was the language on which the C programming language was based. BCPL introduced several features of modern programming languages, including using curly braces to delimit code blocks; compilation via virtual machine byte code; and the world's first 'hello world' demonstrator program.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 206,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 176,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 291,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4052,
    "lab": "University of Cambridge",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "bcl",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1050,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 31,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "docs": "http://www.math.bas.bg/bantchev/place/bcpl.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/bcpl",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:BCPL",
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "example": "GET \"LIBHDR\"  LET START() = VALOF $(         FOR I = 1 TO 5 DO                 WRITEF(\"%N! = %I4*N\", I, FACT(I))         RESULTIS 0 $)  AND FACT(N) = N = 0 -> 1, N * FACT(N - 1)",
    "leachim6_example": "GET \"LIBHDR\"  LET START() BE $(   WRITES(\"Hello World*N\") $) ",
    "wikipedia_example": "GET \"LIBHDR\"  GLOBAL $(  COUNT: 200  ALL: 201 $)  LET TRY(LD, ROW, RD) BE  TEST ROW = ALL THEN   COUNT := COUNT + 1  ELSE $(   LET POSS = ALL & ~(LD | ROW | RD)   UNTIL POSS = 0 DO $(    LET P = POSS & -POSS    POSS := POSS - P    TRY(LD + P << 1, ROW + P, RD + P >> 1)   $)  $)  LET START() = VALOF $(  ALL := 1  FOR I = 1 TO 12 DO $(   COUNT := 0   TRY(0, 0, 0)   WRITEF(\"%I2-QUEENS PROBLEM HAS %I5 SOLUTIONS*N\", I, COUNT)   ALL := 2 * ALL + 1  $)  RESULTIS 0 $)",
    "leachim6": "BCPL",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "printToken": "WRITES",
    "assignmentToken": ":=",
    "hasAssignment": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCPL",
    "bookCount": 4,
    "paperCount": 5,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=374",
    "tiobe": "bc",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1980|Implementing BCPL on the burroughs B6700|10.1002/spe.4380100806|3|0|C. Lakos|96e39bcc53135bb26b8bb543bc1a15909bbf261e\\n1978|Machine architecture and the programming language BCPL|10.14288/1.0051782|3|0|M. Fox|0673e32eb5993d77fe3561bc3d6811a6d0e7db33\\n1980|A space‐efficient code generation scheme for BCPL|10.1002/spe.4380100202|2|0|R. Agarwal and S. Chanson|7fda6c1e2fcf63e526f0d2388a1c13a1f20f5755\\n1975|The Emulated OCODE Machine for the Support of BCPL|10.7146/DPB.V4I45.7692|1|0|O. Sørensen|dabdd10fe0d38b4a0b6f165f626fd0310e4112c8\\n2013|How BCPL Evolved from CPL|10.1093/comjnl/bxs026|1|0|M. Richards|d6b48c3577d5115b6d7e848accea82e65046b6d4",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nBcpl: The Language and Its Compiler|1981|Martin Richards|4472135|4.33|3|1\\nBcpl: The Language and Its Compiler|1980|M. Richards|3919566|2.00|1|0\\nBcpl On The Bbc Microcomputer User Guide||Chris Jobson|4321106|0.0|0|0\\nCurly Bracket Programming Languages: C, Java, C++, Perl, JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Bcpl, awk, Quakec, Objective-C, Cyclone, Pike, Unrealscript, Rc|2010|Books LLC|14292084|3.00|1|0"
  },
  {
    "id": "vim",
    "name": "Vim",
    "appeared": 1991,
    "creators": "Bram Moolenaar",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "editor",
    "website": "https://www.vim.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 406,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 23816,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "editor",
    "isFinished": false,
    "domainName_registered": 1997,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1991,
    "wikipedia_related": "c unix linux ios android vi tcl lua perl python racket ruby regex gzip ftp http unicode",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Vim (; a contraction of Vi IMproved) is a clone, with additions, of Bill Joy's vi text editor program for Unix. It was written by Bram Moolenaar based on source for a port of the Stevie editor to the Amiga and first released publicly in 1991. Vim is designed for use both from a command-line interface and as a standalone application in a graphical user interface. Vim is free and open-source software and is released under a license that includes some charityware clauses, encouraging users who enjoy the software to consider donating to children in Uganda. The license is compatible with the GNU General Public License through a special clause allowing distribution of modified copies \"under the GNU GPL version 2 or any later version\".Although it was originally released for the Amiga, Vim has since been developed to be cross-platform, supporting many other platforms. In 2006, it was voted the most popular editor amongst Linux Journal readers; in 2015 the Stack Overflow developer survey found it to be the third most popular text editor; and in 2016 the Stack Overflow developer survey found it to be the fourth most popular development environment.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 696,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 852,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 965,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 32478,
    "leetSheets": "https://cheatsheets.zip/vim",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 152267,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 15,
    "influencedBy": "vi",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "fileType": "na",
    "packageRepository": "https://vimawesome.com/",
    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/vim",
    "wikipedia_example": "\" This is the Hello World program in Vim script. echo \"Hello, world!\"  \" This is a simple while loop in Vim script. let i = 1 while i < 5   echo \"count is\" i   let i += 1 endwhile",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vim_(text_editor)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "vim.org"
  },
  {
    "id": "chaiscript",
    "name": "chaiscript",
    "appeared": 2009,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://chaiscript.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v6.1.0",
    "rank": 407,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 10,
    "pldbScore": 23814,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/ChaiScript/ChaiScript",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2011,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2009,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 126,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 2912,
    "githubRepo_issues": 126,
    "isFinished": false,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "scripting.py",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2009,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 2392,
    "repoStats_committers": 83,
    "repoStats_files": 386,
    "repoStats_mb": 7,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 48163,
    "domainName_registered": 2009,
    "lab": "https://github.com/ChaiScript",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "chai",
    "writtenIn": "cpp markdown yaml cmake bourne-shell ruby svg php pascal json",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 3996,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 27,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 6,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "United States and New Zealand",
    "example": "#include <chaiscript/chaiscript.hpp> std::string helloWorld(const std::string &t_name) {   return \"Hello \" + t_name + \"!\"; } int main() {   chaiscript::ChaiScript chai;   chai.add(chaiscript::fun(&helloWorld), \"helloWorld\");   chai.eval(R\"(     puts(helloWorld(\"Bob\"));   )\"); }",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "ChaiScript",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/ChaiScript/ChaiScript",
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasHexadecimals": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "chaiscript.com"
  },
  {
    "id": "yoptascript",
    "name": "YoptaScript",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "creators": "Sam Gozman",
    "measurements": 19,
    "tags": "pl",
    "rijuRepl_website": "https://yopta.space/",
    "website": "https://yopta.space/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "2.0.4",
    "rank": 408,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "writtenInCount": 7,
    "pldbScore": 23814,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/samgozman/YoptaScript",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2016,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2016,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 52,
    "githubRepo_forks": 106,
    "githubRepo_stars": 2101,
    "githubRepo_issues": 20,
    "isFinished": false,
    "nativeLanguage": "Russian",
    "leachim6_filepath": "y/YoptaScript",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2016,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 591,
    "repoStats_committers": 26,
    "repoStats_files": 53,
    "repoStats_mb": 5,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 14088,
    "rijuRepl_fileExtensions": "yopta",
    "writtenIn": "javascript typescript yaml json html markdown css",
    "compilesTo": "javascript",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2447,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 29,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 2,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "leachim6_example": "ксива.малява(\"Hello World\") нах ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/yoptascript",
    "rijuRepl_example": "красноглазое.чмо(\"Привет мир!\") нах ",
    "leachim6": "YoptaScript",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/samgozman/YoptaScript",
    "rijuRepl_gitRepo": "https://github.com/samgozman/YoptaScript",
    "printToken": "ксива.малява",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "yopta.space"
  },
  {
    "id": "mermaid",
    "name": "mermaid",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "creators": "Knut Sveidqvist",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "diagramLang",
    "website": "https://mermaidjs.github.io/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "10.2.4",
    "rank": 409,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 14,
    "pldbScore": 23806,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid",
    "primaryTag": "diagramLang",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 639,
    "githubRepo_forks": 6168,
    "githubRepo_stars": 69540,
    "githubRepo_issues": 981,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2014,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 13179,
    "repoStats_committers": 782,
    "repoStats_files": 999,
    "repoStats_mb": 241,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 183096,
    "lab": "https://github.com/mermaid-js",
    "writtenIn": "typescript javascript markdown html yaml json svg bash css toml bourne-shell csv diff dockerfile",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 88828,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 28,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 10,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "Various",
    "example": "gitGraph: options {     \"nodeSpacing\": 150,     \"nodeRadius\": 10 } end commit branch newbranch checkout newbranch commit commit checkout master commit commit merge newbranch",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/mermaid-js/mermaid",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "mermaidjs.github.io"
  },
  {
    "id": "isbn",
    "name": "ISBN",
    "appeared": 1970,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "schema",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 410,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 23806,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "schema",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9882,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1814,
    "lab": "https://isbndb.com",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 49430,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 53,
    "expandedMeasurements": 14,
    "docs": "https://isbndb.com/apidocs/v2",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 1659,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "example": "978-3-16-148410-0",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number",
    "bookCount": 3,
    "paperCount": 18,
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1600||Studyguide for Computing with C# and the .Net Framework by Gittleman, Arthur, ISBN 9781449615505 by Cram101 Textbook Reviews (2013-11-25) Paperback||9781449615505\\n2012|Academic Internet Publishers|[Studyguide for Computational Physics: Problem Solving by Landau, Rubin H., ISBN 9783527406265] (By: Cram101 Textbook Reviews) [published: August, 2012]|Cram101 Textbook Reviews|9783527406265\\n2011|Academic Internet Publishers|[(Studyguide for Game Graphics Programming by Sherrod, Allen, ISBN 9781584505167 )] [Author: Cram101 Textbook Reviews] [Jun-2011]||9781584505167",
    "indeedJobs": "isbn",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2005|Programming in Prolog. Using the ISO Standard. by William F. Clocksin, Christopher S. Mellish, Springer-Verlag, 2003, ISBN 3-540-00678-8, xiii+299 pages|10.1017/S1471068405212449|63|9|Bart Demoen|858d3fae649025878f8a0282b1ad32f1ea0bd36f\\n1995|Advanced methods in neural computing by Philip Wasserman, International Thomson Publishing (Van Nostrand Reinhold), USA, 1993, ISBN 0-442-00461-3|10.1017/S0269888900007372|33|3|M. Kubát|e53b6bbd1854f7640d509125f15b86506cc636c1\\n1994|Learning in embedded systems by Leslie Pack Kaelbling, Bradford Books. MIT Press, USA, 1993, pp 176, $29.95, ISBN 0-262-11174-8|10.1017/S026988890000686X|8|0|Richard Wyatt|ab9daba7a5578ec7fd7a3417d9ecd3ecd504b870\\n1995|Sparc® architecture, assembly language programming, & C : Richard P Paul Prentice-Hall Inc, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA (1994) ISBN 0 13 876889 7, £34.75, 448 pp|10.1016/0141-9331(95)90001-2|7|0|A. Ferrari|f9cd87f6ee12fd936a9591bc632128e9bc8323b5\\n2011|Language Implementation Patterns: Create your own Domain-Specific and General Programming Languages, by Terence Parr, Pragmatic Bookshelf, http://www.pragprog.com, ISBN 9781934356456|10.1017/S0956796810000298|7|1|J. Hage|6a5634651c0e7c1c6dd5208a05cc4dbc87079072\\n1982|The Programming Language Ada, Reference Manual. Proposed Standard Document, United States Department of Defense. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 106. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, Springer-Verlag 1981. X, 243 S., DM 16,50, US $ 7.90. ISBN 3-540-10693-6|10.1002/ZAMM.19820620828|7|0|F. Grund|fa897d99a638939849958581ff049af0be4f7cac\\n1994|Text generation - using discourse strategies and focus constraints to generate natural language text by Kathleen R. McKeown, Cambridge University Press, 1992, pp 246, £13.95, ISBN 0-521-43802-0|10.1017/S0269888900007153|5|0|Paul Holmes-Higgin|7a0f4acf832716ae713faa36325ab9fad90be704\\n2010|Natural Language Processing with Python Steven Bird, Ewan Klein, and Edward Loper (University of Melbourne, University of Edinburgh, and BBN Technologies) Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly Media, 2009, xx+482 pp; paperbound, ISBN 978-0-596-51649-9, $44.99; on-line free of charge at nltk.org/book|10.1162/coli_r_00022|5|0|Michael Elhadad|3fdfd78bcddf80986d1243527c97c4f7f5bf1476\\n2011|Handbook of Natural Language Processing (second edition) Nitin Indurkhya and Fred J. Damerau (editors) (University of New South Wales; IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center)Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2010, xxxiii+678 pp; hardbound, ISBN 978-1-4200-8592-1, $99.95|10.1162/COLI_r_00048|5|2|Jochen L. Leidner|81acdb791c4bc258d5e306e49a982dd831053c33\\n1991|Programming language concepts and paradigms : David A. Watt, (Prentice Hall, Hemel Hempstead, United Kingdom, 1990), Price £16.95 (paperback), ISBN 0-13-728866-2.|10.1016/0167-6423(91)90005-I|4|0|C. Lindsey|4e898612f08dc238449eb984909f7b50712bef8c\\n2020|Fundamental Proof Methods in Computer Science: A Computer-Based Approach, by Arkoudas and Musser, The MIT Press, Cambridge, USA, ISBN 978-0-262-03553-8|10.1017/S1471068420000071|3|0|S. Bringsjord and Naveen Sundar Govindarajulu|16a9098cf310dcedc17b1016d89bc5c1081c08f2\\n2009|Software Abstractions: Logic, Language, and Analysis by Daniel Jackson, The MIT Press, 2006, 366pp, ISBN 978-0262101141|10.1017/S0956796808006977|3|0|A. Sloane|3022320d769da813185d4fd63fb84c3832afeb30\\n1995|Abstract Data Types in Standard ML by Harrison Rachel, John Wiley & Sons, 1993 212 pp, ISBN 0-471-93844-0.|10.1017/S0956796800001271|1|0|K. Mitchell|29e40acaa8d2b8652b0b83c93e053d4388a98ca9\\n1998|European Computer Law. 1996. Transnational Publishers. Irvington-on-Hudson, NY. $225.00 (loose-leaf binder). ISBN 0-571050-23-X.|10.1177/027046769801800318|1|0|C. Babbage and Z. Sardar|306735f6bffd64183b170ba85977efe42f3751fa\\n2002|Set Theory for Computing: From Decision Procedures to Declarative Programming with Sets by Domenico Cantone, Eugenio Omodeo and Alberto Policriti, Springer-Verlag, 2001. Hardback: ISBN 0-387-95197-0, $24.50/$69.95, xviii+409 pages.|10.1017/S1471068402001503|1|0|A. Dovier|f68f408915d0db5d98264feaca331e3c8f22eff6\\n2004|PERL PROGRAMMING FOR BIOLOGISTS, by D. Curtis Jamison, Wiley, Hoboken, 2003, ISBN 0-471-43059-5, ix + 191 pp. (Pbk, £27.95)|10.1017/S0263574704210943|1|0|A. Andrew|014606001ea7425a185967570b2c8711ed3fb42d\\n2004|Programming Constraint Services: High level Programming of Standard and New Constraint Services by Christian Schulte, published in 2002 by Springer in the series Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, vol. 2302, ISBN 3-540-43371-6, xii + 176 pages, paperback.|10.1017/S1471068403211935|1|0|F. Laburthe|c06c7dd186c9e96d3f6d51cb495dadb4fb9a8637\\n1995|The Gödel programming language by Patricia Hill and John W. Lloyd, The MIT Press, 1994, pp 337, £40 50/$60.75, ISBN 0-262-08229-2|10.1017/S0269888900007360|1|0|Geraint A. Wiggins|27789167ca8aeb7c709557db8a4dd8911764e50e"
  },
  {
    "id": "oil",
    "name": "oil",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.oilshell.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 411,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 23,
    "pldbScore": 23803,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/oilshell/oil",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2016,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2016,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 38,
    "githubRepo_forks": 150,
    "githubRepo_stars": 2797,
    "githubRepo_issues": 500,
    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "OSH",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2016,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 11988,
    "repoStats_committers": 101,
    "repoStats_files": 5187,
    "repoStats_mb": 52,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 1946681,
    "domainName_registered": 2016,
    "description": "Oil is a new Unix shell.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Oil is a new Unix shell.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/oilshell",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Oil is a new Unix shell.",
    "writtenIn": "python bourne-shell c markdown cpp assembly-language css m4 dockerfile yaml make bash r xml html expect javascript diff tex ini nix json z-shell",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 3786,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 40,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "wordRank": 981,
    "country": "Various",
    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/oilshell",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/oilshellblog",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/oilshell/oil",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "oilshell.org"
  },
  {
    "id": "ebnf",
    "name": "EBNF",
    "appeared": 1977,
    "creators": "Niklaus Wirth",
    "measurements": 18,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 412,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 23802,
    "hoplId": 755,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "parsers",
    "primaryTag": "grammarLanguage",
    "githubLanguage_repos": 0,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "ebnf",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-ebnf",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.ebnf",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 42,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2012,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2016,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 4,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 2,
    "standsFor": "extended Backus-Naur form",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "parsers.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1977,
    "wikipedia_related": "pascal xml regex",
    "wikipedia_summary": "In computer science, extended Backus-Naur form (EBNF) is a family of metasyntax notations, any of which can be used to express a context-free grammar. EBNF is used to make a formal description of a formal language which can be a computer programming language. They are extensions of the basic Backus–Naur form (BNF) metasyntax notation. The earliest EBNF was originally developed by Niklaus Wirth incorporating some of the concepts (with a different syntax and notation) from Wirth syntax notation. However, many variants of EBNF are in use. The International Organization for Standardization has adopted an EBNF standard (ISO/IEC 14977). This article uses EBNF as specified by the ISO for examples applying to all EBNFs. Other EBNF variants use somewhat different syntactic conventions.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 244,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 50,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 71289,
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "ebnf",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "ebnf",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1490,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 20,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/ebnf",
    "codeMirror": "ebnf",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "(*   Source:  https://github.com/io7m/jsom0   License: ISC *)  digit_without_zero =   \"1\" | \"2\" | \"3\" | \"4\" | \"5\" | \"6\" | \"7\" | \"8\" | \"9\" ;  digit =   \"0\" | digit_without_zero ;  positive =   digit_without_zero , { digit } ;  natural =   \"0\" | positive ;  real =   [ \"-\" ] , digit , [ \".\" , { digit } ] ;  ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "EBNF",
    "wikipedia_example": "function application = list( symbol, { expression } );",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "(* *)",
    "hasComments": true,
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    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Common Intermediate Language (CIL, pronounced either sil or kil), formerly called Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL), is the lowest-level human-readable programming language defined by the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) specification and is used by the .NET Framework and Mono. Languages which target a CLI-compatible runtime environment compile to CIL, which is assembled into an object code that has a bytecode-style format. CIL is an object-oriented assembly language, and is entirely stack-based. Its bytecode is translated into native code or—most commonly—executed by a virtual machine. CIL was originally known as Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) during the beta releases of the .NET languages. Due to standardization of C# and the Common Language Infrastructure, the bytecode is now officially known as CIL.",
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    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "printToken": "call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine",
    "stringToken": "\"",
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    "name": "SCSS",
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    "creators": "Hampton Lintorn-Catlin",
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    "tags": "stylesheetLanguage",
    "website": "http://sass-lang.com/",
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    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.css.scss",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "s/SCSS.scss",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "css.py",
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    "clocExtensions": "scss",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/scss",
    "monaco": "scss",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sass_(stylesheet_language)",
    "leachim6_example": "body::before {     content: \"Hello World\"; } ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "$blue: #3bbfce; $margin: 16px;  .content-navigation {   border-color: $blue;   color:     darken($blue, 9%); }  .border {   padding: $margin / 2;   margin: $margin / 2;   border-color: $blue; } ",
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    "rijuRepl_example": "body:before {   content: \"Hello, world!\"; } ",
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    "leachim6": "SCSS",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "http://akkartik.name/akkartik-convivial-20200607.pdf",
    "example": "# dump stack from bottom to top fn emit-stack-from-bottom _self: (addr grapheme-stack), out: (addr stream byte) {   var self/esi: (addr grapheme-stack) <- copy _self   var data-ah/edi: (addr handle array code-point-utf8) <- get self, data   var _data/eax: (addr array code-point-utf8) <- lookup *data-ah   var data/edi: (addr array code-point-utf8) <- copy _data   var top-addr/ecx: (addr int) <- get self, top   var i/eax: int <- copy 0   {     compare i, *top-addr     break-if->=     var g/edx: (addr code-point-utf8) <- index data, i     write-code-point-utf8 out, *g     i <- increment     loop   } }",
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    "aka": "m3",
    "domainName_registered": 2007,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Modula-3 is a programming language conceived as a successor to an upgraded version of Modula-2 known as Modula-2+. While it has been influential in research circles (influencing the designs of languages such as Java, C#, and Python) it has not been adopted widely in industry. It was designed by Luca Cardelli, James Donahue, Lucille Glassman, Mick Jordan (before at the Olivetti Software Technology Laboratory), Bill Kalsow and Greg Nelson at the DEC (DEC) Systems Research Center (SRC) and the Olivetti Research Center (ORC) in the late 1980s. Modula-3's main features are simplicity and safety while preserving the power of a systems-programming language. Modula-3 aimed to continue the Pascal tradition of type safety, while introducing new constructs for practical real-world programming. In particular Modula-3 added support for generic programming (similar to templates), multithreading, exception handling, garbage collection, object-oriented programming, partial revelation and explicit mark of unsafe code. The design goal of Modula-3 was a language that implements the most important features of modern imperative languages in quite basic forms. Thus allegedly dangerous and complicating features such as multiple inheritance and operator overloading were omitted.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
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    "lab": "DEC && elego Software Solutions GmbH",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "i3 ig m3 mg",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 641,
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    "docs": "https://modula3.elegosoft.com/cm3/doc/tutorial/m3/m3_toc.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "monaco": "m3",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Modula-3",
    "country": "United States and Germany",
    "reference": "https://www.cs.purdue.edu/homes/hosking/m3/reference/syntax.html",
    "helloWorldCollection": "(* Hello World in Modula-3 *)  MODULE Hello EXPORTS Main;  IMPORT IO;  BEGIN  IO.Put(\"Hello World!\\n\"); END Hello.",
    "leachim6_example": "MODULE HelloWorld; IMPORT Io; BEGIN     IO.Put (\"Hello World\\n\") END HelloWorld.",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "(* Copyright (C) 1989, DEC           *) (* All rights reserved.                                        *) (* See the file COPYRIGHT for a full description.              *)  (* Last modified on Fri Jun 18 16:18:48 PDT 1993 by wobber         *) (*      modified on Tue Jun 15 10:07:07 1993 by gnelson        *) (*      modified on Fri May 21 09:50:56 PDT 1993 by swart      *) (*      modified on Mon Apr 26 17:22:23 PDT 1993 by mcjones    *) (*      modified on Wed Nov  6 10:45:09 PST 1991 by kalsow     *) (*      modified on Fri Sep 28 23:12:34 1990 by muller         *)   (* The RdClass interface is analogous to the WrClass interface. It reveals that every reader contains a buffer of characters together with methods for managing the buffer.  New reader classes are created by importing RdClass (to gain access to the buffer and the methods) and then defining a subclass of Rd.T whose methods provide the new class's behavior.  The opaque type Private hides irrelevant details of the class-independent code. *)     INTERFACE RdClass; IMPORT Rd; FROM Thread IMPORT Alerted; FROM Rd IMPORT Failure;  TYPE   Private <: ROOT;   SeekResult = {Ready, WouldBlock, Eof};  REVEAL   Rd.T =     Private BRANDED OBJECT       buff                 : REF ARRAY OF CHAR := NIL;       Ungetbuff            : REF ARRAY OF CHAR := NIL;       Waitingbuff          : REF ARRAY OF CHAR := NIL;       st                   : CARDINAL;              (* index into buff *)       Ungetst              : CARDINAL;              (* index into Ungetbuff *)       Waitingst            : CARDINAL;              (* index into WaitingBuff *)       cur                  : CARDINAL         := 0; (* index into src(rd) *)       lo, hi               : CARDINAL         := 0; (* indexes into src(rd) *)       Ungetlo, Ungethi     : CARDINAL         := 0; (* indexes into src(rd) *)       Waitinglo, Waitinghi : CARDINAL         := 0; (* indexes into src(rd) *)       closed: BOOLEAN := TRUE;   (* init method of the subtype should set                                     this to FALSE *)       seekable, intermittent: BOOLEAN;     METHODS       seek   (n: CARDINAL; dontBlock: BOOLEAN): SeekResult                          RAISES {Failure, Alerted};       (* ^rd is locked and not closed. *)       getSub (VAR a: ARRAY OF CHAR): CARDINAL                          RAISES {Failure, Alerted} := GetSubDefault;       (* ^rd is locked and not closed. *)       length (): INTEGER RAISES {Failure, Alerted} := LengthDefault;       (* ^rd is locked and not closed. *)       close  () RAISES {Failure, Alerted}          := CloseDefault;     END;  (* Let rd be a reader, abstractly given by len(rd), src(rd), cur(rd), avail(rd), closed(rd), seekable(rd), and intermittent(rd).  The data fields cur, closed, seekable, and intermittent in the object represent the corresponding abstract attributes of rd.  The buff, st, lo, and hi fields represent a buffer that contains part of src(rd), the rest of which is represented in some class-specific way.  More precisely, we say that the state of the representation is valid if conditions V1 through V4 hold:  V1. the characters of buff in the range [st .. st+(hi-lo)] accurately     reflect src.  That is,  for all i in [rd.lo .. rd.hi-1],              rd.buff[rd.st + i - rd.lo] = src(rd)[i]  V2. the cur field is in or just past the end of the occupied part of the     buffer, that is:          rd.lo <= rd.cur <= rd.hi  V3. the reader does not claim to be both intermittent and seekable:   NOT (rd.intermittent AND rd.seekable)  It is possible that buff = NIL in a valid state, since the range of i's in V1 may be empty; for example, in case lo = hi.  V4. if closed(rd) then rd.buff = NIL AND rd.lo = rd.hi  If rd is valid and cur(rd) is less than rd.hi, we say the reader is ready.  More precisely, rd is ready if:     NOT rd.closed  AND  rd.buff # NIL  AND  rd.lo <= rd.cur < rd.hi  If the state is ready, then Rd.GetChar can be implemented by fetching from the buffer.  Together V1, V2, and V4 imply that if rd.cur # rd.hi then rd.buff # NIL and NOT rd.closed.  Therefore a valid reader is ready if \"rd.cur # rd.hi\".  The class-independent code modifies rd.cur, but no other variables revealed in this interface (except that \"Rd.Close\" modifies \"rd.lo\" and \"rd.cur\" and sets \"rd.buff\" to NIL in order to maintain invariant V4).  The class-independent code locks the reader before calling any methods.  Here are the specifications for the methods:  The basic purpose of the seek method is to make the reader ready.  To seek to a position n, the class-independent code checks whether the reader would be ready with rd.cur = n and if so, simply sets rd.cur to n. If not, it calls rd.seek supplying the position n as argument. As in the case of writers, the seek method can be called even for an unseekable reader in the special case of advancing to the next buffer.  The fields with names beginning with \"Unget\" describe a buffer of characters retained in case they need to be reused by UngetChar.  The fields with names beginning with \"Waiting\" are a buffer once supplied by class-dependent code but temporarily suspended while characters originally saved in the unget and then ungotten are being returned.  If NIL#Ungetbuff=buff, we are accessing previously ungotten characters from Ungetbuff^, and Waitingbuff is the buffer most recently provided by seek.  Otherwise, buff is the buffer most recently provided by seek.  Either way, the fast path in class-independent code for getting characters works the same, using buff, st, lo, and hi, as in the earlier implementation, and ignoring the other buffer fields.  Similarly, (class-dependent) seek method bodies use only these same fields. Only UngetChar and class-independent code surrounding seek method calls need be aware of the additional two buffer pointers and their subscripts.  There is a wrinkle to support the implementation of CharsReady.  If rd is ready, the class-independent code can handle the call to CharsReady(rd) without calling any methods (since there is at least one character ready in the buffer), but if rd.cur = rd.hi, then the class independent code needs to find out from the class implementation whether any characters are ready in the next buffer.  Using the seek method to advance to the next buffer won't do, since this could block, and CharsReady isn't supposed to block.  Therefore, the seek method takes a boolean argument saying whether blocking is allowed. If blocking is forbidden and the next buffer isn't ready, the method returns the special value WouldBlock; this allows the class-independent code to return zero from CharsReady.  The \"dontBlock\" boolean should be \"TRUE\" only if the seek method is being used to advance to the next buffer.  More precisely, given a valid state where       (n # rd.hi) => rd.seekable AND  (dontBlock => n = rd.hi)  the call res := rd.seek(n, dontBlock) establishes a valid state. Furthermore, if res = Ready then rd is ready and rd.cur = n; while if res = Eof, then rd.cur = len(rd); and finally if res = WouldBlock then dontBlock was TRUE and avail(rd) = cur(rd).  The getSub method is used to implement Rd.GetSub and is called with the reader lock held and the reader not closed.  Efficient implementations override this method to avoid unnecessary copying by reading directly from the reader source, bypassing the reader buffer.  The default implementation is correct for any class, but always copies through the reader buffer.  The length method returns the length of a non-intermittent reader. That is: Given a valid state in which rd.intermittent is FALSE, the call rd.length() returns len(rd) without changing the state of rd.  An intermittent reader may return the length if it is known, or -1.  The close method releases all resources associated with rd.  The exact meaning of this is class-specific.  \"Rd.Close\" sets the \"buff\" field to \"NIL\", so the method need not do this.  When the method is called the state will be valid; validity is not required when the method returns (since after it returns, the class-independent code will set the closed bit in the reader, which makes the rest of the state irrelevant).  The remainder of the interface is similar to the corresponding part of the WrClass interface: *)  PROCEDURE Init(rd: Rd.T); (* Class-independent initialize rd, including private fields revealed herein. *)  PROCEDURE Lock(rd: Rd.T) RAISES {}; (* The reader rd must be unlocked; lock it and make its state valid. *)  PROCEDURE Unlock(rd: Rd.T) RAISES {}; (* The reader rd must be locked and valid; unlock it and restore the private invariant of the reader implementation. *)  PROCEDURE GetSubDefault(rd: Rd.T; VAR (*OUT*) str: ARRAY OF CHAR): CARDINAL   RAISES {Failure, Alerted};   (* rd is locked and not closed. *) (* Implement \"getSub\" by copying from the buffer, calling the \"seek\"    method as necessary.  Clients can override this in order to    achieve greater efficiency; for example, by copying directly    from the source of the reader into \"str\". *)  PROCEDURE LengthDefault(rd: Rd.T): INTEGER RAISES {Failure, Alerted}; (* The procedure LengthDefault causes a checked runtime error; this represents an error in the (non-intermittent) class implementation. *)  PROCEDURE CloseDefault(rd: Rd.T) RAISES {Failure, Alerted}; (* The procedure CloseDefault is a no-op. *)  END RdClass.  ",
    "wikipedia_example": "MODULE Person;  REVEAL T = Public BRANDED OBJECT   name: TEXT;   (* These two variables *)   age: INTEGER; (* are private. *) OVERRIDES   getAge := Age;   init := Init; END;  PROCEDURE Age(self: T): INTEGER =   BEGIN     RETURN self.age;   END Age;  PROCEDURE Init(self: T; name: TEXT; age: INTEGER): T =   BEGIN     self.name := name;     self.age := age;   RETURN self;   END Init;  BEGIN END Person.",
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    "keywords": "AND ANY ARRAY AS BEGIN BITS BRANDED BY CASE CONST DIV DO ELSE ELSIF END EVAL EXCEPT EXCEPTION EXIT EXPORTS FINALLY FOR FROM GENERIC IF IMPORT IN INTERFACE LOCK LOOP METHODS MOD MODULE NOT OBJECT OF OR OVERRIDES PROCEDURE RAISE RAISES READONLY RECORD REF REPEAT RETURN REVEAL SET THEN TO TRY TYPE TYPECASE UNSAFE UNTIL UNTRACED VALUE VAR WHILE WITH",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "(* *)",
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    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modula-3",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1411",
    "tiobe": "Modula-3",
    "domainName": "modula3.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Modula-3",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/newgrammars/m3",
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    "appeared": 2011,
    "creators": "Brian McKenna",
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    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.2.2",
    "rank": 440,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/puffnfresh/roy",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2011,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "githubRepo_issues": 64,
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "r/Roy.roy",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2011,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2013,
    "repoStats_commits": 569,
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    "lab": "https://github.com/puffnfresh/roy/issues",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "roy",
    "writtenIn": "javascript css html restructuredtext markdown make json python yaml bourne-shell",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1097,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 36,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 5386,
    "replit": "https://repl.it/languages/roy",
    "country": "Australia",
    "leachim6_example": "console.log \"Hello World\" ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/roylangjs",
    "leachim6": "Roy",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/puffnfresh/roy",
    "printToken": "console.log",
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    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
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    "domainName": "roy.brianmckenna.org",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2001|Springer|Aiding Decisions with Multiple Criteria: Essays in Honor of Bernard Roy (International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, 44)|Bouyssou, Denis and Jacquet-Lagrèze, Eric and Perny, Patrice and Slowiński, Roman and Vanderpooten, Daniel and Vincke, P.|9780792376118"
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    "id": "vim-script",
    "name": "Vim script",
    "appeared": 1991,
    "measurements": 24,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "githubLanguage_filenames": ".exrc .gvimrc .nvimrc .vimrc _vimrc gvimrc nvimrc vimrc",
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    "aka": "vimscript viml",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Vim (; a contraction of Vi IMproved) is a clone, with additions, of Bill Joy's vi text editor program for Unix. It was written by Bram Moolenaar based on source for a port of the Stevie editor to the Amiga and first released publicly in 1991. Vim is designed for use both from a command-line interface and as a standalone application in a graphical user interface. Vim is free and open-source software and is released under a license that includes some charityware clauses, encouraging users who enjoy the software to consider donating to children in Uganda. The license is compatible with the GNU General Public License through a special clause allowing distribution of modified copies \"under the GNU GPL version 2 or any later version\".Although it was originally released for the Amiga, Vim has since been developed to be cross-platform, supporting many other platforms. In 2006, it was voted the most popular editor amongst Linux Journal readers; in 2015 the Stack Overflow developer survey found it to be the third most popular text editor, and the fifth most popular development environment in 2018.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
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    "description": "Vim script (also called vimscript or VimL) is the scripting language built into Vim.",
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2019,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2019,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 12,
    "githubRepo_forks": 44,
    "githubRepo_stars": 578,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "a/ArkScript.ark",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2019,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 2681,
    "repoStats_committers": 43,
    "repoStats_files": 1226,
    "repoStats_mb": 7,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 40126,
    "description": "ArkScript is a small, fast, functional and scripting language for C++ projects",
    "githubRepo_description": "ArkScript is a small, fast, functional and scripting language for C++ projects",
    "lab": "Alexandre Plateau",
    "rijuRepl_description": "ArkScript is a small, fast, functional and scripting language for C++ projects",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "ark",
    "writtenIn": "cpp markdown yaml json csv cmake bash python bourne-shell svg xml dockerfile",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "latestMajorVersion": 4,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "docs": "https://arkscript-lang.dev/documentation.html",
    "country": "France",
    "example": "(import std.random) (import std.Math)  (let number (mod (math:abs (random)) 10000))  (let game (fun () {     (let impl (fun (tries) {         (let guess (toNumber (input \"Input a numeric value: \")))          (if (< guess number)             {                 (print \"It's more than \" guess)                 (impl (+ tries 1))}             (if (= guess number)                 {                     (print \"You found it!\")                     tries }                 {                     (print \"It's less than \" guess)                     (impl (+ tries 1))}))}))      (let tries (impl 0))     (print \"You won in \" tries \" tries.\")}))  (game)",
    "leachim6_example": "(print \"Hello World\") ",
    "leachim6": "ArkScript",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/ArkScript-lang/Ark",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "printToken": "print",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasImports": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "arkscript-lang.dev",
    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n22695517|Show HN: ArkScript, a small and fast language for scripting video games|2020-03-26 16:57:12 UTC|1585238232|jackrabbit_|42|101\\n40695579|Show HN: An Online Playground for ArkScript|2024-06-16 08:29:32 UTC|1718519372|jackrabbit_|1|1"
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    "id": "json-schema",
    "name": "JSON Schema",
    "appeared": 2010,
    "creators": "Kris Zyp",
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "dataValidationLanguage",
    "website": "http://json-schema.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "1.0.0",
    "rank": 443,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 6,
    "pldbScore": 23735,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/json-schema-org/json-schema-spec",
    "primaryTag": "dataValidationLanguage",
    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2010,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 103,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 3481,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2010,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 2257,
    "repoStats_committers": 86,
    "repoStats_files": 60,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 17514,
    "domainName_registered": 2007,
    "description": "JSON Schema is a vocabulary that allows you to annotate and validate JSON documents.",
    "githubRepo_description": "JSON Schema is a vocabulary that allows you to annotate and validate JSON documents.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/json-schema-org",
    "rijuRepl_description": "JSON Schema is a vocabulary that allows you to annotate and validate JSON documents.",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 4319,
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    "related": "livr",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
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    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "Various",
    "example": "{   \"$id\": \"https://example.com/calendar.schema.json\",   \"$schema\": \"https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema\",   \"description\": \"A representation of an event\",   \"type\": \"object\",   \"required\": [ \"dtstart\", \"summary\" ],   \"properties\": {     \"dtstart\": {       \"type\": \"string\",       \"description\": \"Event starting time\"     },     \"dtend\": {       \"type\": \"string\",       \"description\": \"Event ending time\"     },     \"summary\": {       \"type\": \"string\"     },     \"location\": {       \"type\": \"string\"     },     \"url\": {       \"type\": \"string\"     },     \"duration\": {       \"type\": \"string\",       \"description\": \"Event duration\"     },     \"rdate\": {       \"type\": \"string\",       \"description\": \"Recurrence date\"     },     \"rrule\": {       \"type\": \"string\",       \"description\": \"Recurrence rule\"     },     \"category\": {       \"type\": \"string\"     },     \"description\": {       \"type\": \"string\"     },     \"geo\": {       \"$ref\": \"https://example.com/geographical-location.schema.json\"     }   } }",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/json-schema-org/json-schema-spec",
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    "creators": "Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 444,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 23733,
    "hoplId": 492,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1969,
    "wikipedia_related": "abc bcpl pl-i c multics algol-58 unix tmg yacc",
    "wikipedia_summary": "B is a programming language developed at Bell Labs circa 1969. It is the work of Ken Thompson with Dennis Ritchie. B was derived from BCPL, and its name may be a contraction of BCPL. Thompson's coworker Dennis Ritchie speculated that the name might be based on Bon, an earlier, but unrelated, programming language that Thompson designed for use on Multics. B was designed for recursive, non-numeric, machine independent applications, such as system and language software.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 272,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 110,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 288,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4475,
    "lab": "Bell Labs",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "b",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1380,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 25,
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 124,
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/b",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:B",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "/* The following function will print a non-negative number, n, to    the base b, where 2<=b<=10.  This routine uses the fact that    in the ASCII character set, the digits 0 to 9 have sequential    code values.  */  printn(n, b) {         extrn putchar;         auto a;          if (a = n / b)        /* assignment, not test for equality */                 printn(a, b); /* recursive */         putchar(n % b + '0'); }",
    "leachim6": "B",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "printToken": "putchar",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
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    "id": "jcl",
    "name": "JCL",
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    "measurements": 19,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 2,
    "rank": 445,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "hoplId": 2134,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 2,
    "inboundLinks": "cloc pygments",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Job Control Language",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "scripting.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1964,
    "wikipedia_related": "unix assembly-language clist",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Job Control Language (JCL) is a name for scripting languages used on IBM mainframe operating systems to instruct the system on how to run a batch job or start a subsystem. More specifically, the purpose of JCL is to say which programs to run, using which files or devices  for input or output, and at times to also indicate under what conditions to skip a step. There are two distinct IBM Job Control languages: one for the operating system lineage that begins with DOS/360 and whose latest member is z/VSE; and the other for the lineage from OS/360 to z/OS, the latter now including JES extensions, Job Entry Control Language (JECL). They share some basic syntax rules and a few basic concepts, but are otherwise very different.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 155,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 163,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 546,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 391487,
    "lab": "IBM",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "jcl",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 795,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 20,
    "clocExtensions": "jcl",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:JCL",
    "country": "United States",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "JCL",
    "wikipedia_example": "* $$ JOB JNM=NAME,DISP=K,CLASS=2  [some JCL statements here]  * $$ EOJ",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_Control_Language",
    "bookCount": 7,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2134",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1989|Mike Murach & Associates Inc|Dos/VSE JCL|Eckols, Steve and Milnes, Michele|9780911625509\\n1989|Addison-Wesley|MVS JCL and Utilities: A Comprehensive Treatment|Trombetta, Michael and Finkelstein, Sue Carolyn|9780201083187\\n1976T|American Elsevier Pub. Co|JCL and advanced Fortran programming (Methods in geomathematics)|Ramdén, H. Å|9780444414151\\n20101001|De Gruyter|MVS/ESA JCL|Michael Winter|9783486599008\\n1982|Cbi Pub Co|Jcl In A System 370 Environment (the Computer And Management Information Systems Series)|Barry L. Bateman|9780843616064",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nPractical MVS JCL for Today's Programmer|1987|James G. Janossy|3713091|4.00|3|0\\nZos JCL (Job Control Language)|2002|Gary DeWard Brown|23914799|4.00|4|1"
  },
  {
    "id": "closure-templates",
    "name": "Closure Templates",
    "appeared": 2009,
    "measurements": 20,
    "tags": "template",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 446,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "writtenInCount": 12,
    "pldbScore": 23726,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/google/closure-templates",
    "primaryTag": "template",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 18,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 25,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 424389,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "soy",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "soy_template",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "soy",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-soy",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "text.html.soy",
    "githubLanguage_type": "markup",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2009,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 37,
    "githubRepo_forks": 193,
    "githubRepo_stars": 635,
    "githubRepo_issues": 198,
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 19,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2017,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2017,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 2,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2009,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 6277,
    "repoStats_committers": 92,
    "repoStats_files": 1573,
    "repoStats_mb": 79,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 41982,
    "lab": "Google",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "soy",
    "writtenIn": "java starlark markdown html javascript protobuf python xml typescript json bazel yaml",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1507,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 34,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "/**  * Says hello to the world.  */ {template .helloWorld}   Hello world! {/template}",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "{namespace Exmaple}  /**  * Example  */ {template .foo}   {@param count: string}   {@param? name: int}    {if isNonnull($name)}     <h1>{$name}</h1>   {/if}    <div class=\"content\">     {switch count}       {case 0}         {call Empty.view}           {param count: $count /}         {/call}       {default}         <h2>Wow, so many!</h2>     {/switch}   </div> {/template}",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/google/closure-templates",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "Closure Templates",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/mthadley/language-closure-templates",
    "githubLanguage": "Closure Templates"
  },
  {
    "id": "xbase",
    "name": "xBase",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 26,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 2,
    "rank": 447,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 23725,
    "hoplId": 2621,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 2,
    "inboundLinks": "cloc pygments",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 313,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 350,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 2564,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "advpl or clipper or foxpro",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.harbour",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "x/XBase.dbf",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 157,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2017,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 3,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1986,
    "wikipedia_related": "jet-propulsion-laboratory-display-information-system",
    "wikipedia_summary": "xBase is the generic term for all programming languages that derive from the original dBASE (Ashton-Tate) programming language and database formats. These are sometimes informally known as dBASE \"clones\". While there was a non-commercial predecessor to the Ashton-Tate product (Vulcan written by Wayne Ratliff), most clones are based on Ashton-Tate's 1986 dBASE III+ release — scripts written in the dBASE III+ dialect are most likely to run on all the clones.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 41,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 65,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 190,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 572327,
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "prg ch prw",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "dbf",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 425,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 32,
    "clocExtensions": "prg prw",
    "docs": "https://www.eclipse.org/Xtext/documentation/305_xbase.html#xbase-expressions",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:XBase",
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "do while .t.  ? 'Hello World' enddo ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "#ifndef __HARBOUR__    #ifndef __XPP__       #ifndef __CLIP__          #ifndef FlagShip             #define __CLIPPER__          #endif       #endif    #endif #endif  /* File create flags */ #define FC_NORMAL          0  /* No file attributes are set */ #define FC_READONLY        1 #define FC_HIDDEN          2 #define FC_SYSTEM          4  // New-style comment #command SET DELETED <x:ON,OFF,&>      => Set( _SET_DELETED, <(x)> ) #command SET DELETED (<x>)             => Set( _SET_DELETED, <x> ) #command @ <row>, <col> SAY <exp> [PICTURE <pic>] [COLOR <clr>] => ;          DevPos( <row>, <col> ) ; DevOutPict( <exp>, <pic> [, <clr>] )           #command ENDIF <*x*> => endif  #ifdef __CLIPPER__    #xtranslate hb_MemoWrit( [<x,...>] )  => MemoWrit( <x> )    #xtranslate hb_dbExists( <t> )        => File( <t> )    #xtranslate hb_dbPack()               => __dbPack()    #xtranslate hb_default( @<v>, <x> )   => iif( StrTran( ValType( <v> ), \"M\", \"C\" ) == StrTran( ValType( <x> ), \"M\", \"C\" ),, <v> := <x>, ) #endif ",
    "leachim6": "XBase",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "stringToken": "'",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XBase",
    "bookCount": 8,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2621",
    "tiobe": "xBase",
    "githubBigQuery": "xBase",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/hernad/atom-language-harbour",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n||Xbase Programming|Prague and Cary N.|9780830640515\\n|William C. Brown|Xbase Programming For The True Beginner|E. Kaluzniacky and V. Kanabar|9780697228734\\nAugust 2011||Articles on xBase Programming Language Family, Including|Hephaestus Books|9781243313034\\n1996|M & T Books|From Xbase To Windows: Crossing Over To Windows Programming|Joseph D. Booth|9781558514805\\n1993|Sigma Pr|Database Graphics Programming: A Guide For Xbase Developers Using Dge|Jason Manger|9781850585046\\n1995|Richard D Irwin|Xbase Programming For The True Beginner: An Introduction To The Xbase Language In The Context Of Dbase Iii+, Iv, 5, Foxpro, And Clipper|Eugene Kaluzniacky and Vijay Kanabar|9780256204322\\n1995|Wordware|Learn Dbase Programming In A Day: For Users Of Dbase-compatible Database Programs That Use The Xbase Language Including Dbase Iii Plus, Dbase Iv, Db (popular Applications Series)|Russell A. Stultz|9781556224478\\n1992|Wordware|Learn Dbase Programming In A Day/book And Disk: For Users Of Dbase-compatible Database Programs That Use The Xbase Language Including Dbase Iii Plus, ... Datab+spro, (popular Applications Series)|Russell A. Stultz|9781556222757",
    "githubLanguage": "xBase"
  },
  {
    "id": "oz",
    "name": "Oz",
    "appeared": 1991,
    "creators": "Gert Smolka",
    "measurements": 33,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://mozart.github.io",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 448,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 23724,
    "hoplId": 2327,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 70,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 72,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 371,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "oz",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-oz",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.oz",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 59,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2010,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2012,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 2,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1991,
    "wikipedia_related": "erlang lisp prolog alice scala unix freebsd linux curry mercury visual-prolog",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Oz is a multiparadigm programming language, developed in the Programming Systems Lab at Université catholique de Louvain, for programming language education. It has a canonical textbook: Concepts, Techniques, and Models of Computer Programming. Oz was first designed by Gert Smolka and his students in 1991. In 1996, development of Oz continued in cooperation with the research group of Seif Haridi and Peter Van Roy at the Swedish Institute of Computer Science. Since 1999, Oz has been continually developed by an international group, the Mozart Consortium, which originally consisted of Saarland University, the Swedish Institute of Computer Science, and the Université catholique de Louvain. In 2005, the responsibility for managing Mozart development was transferred to a core group, the Mozart Board, with the express purpose of opening Mozart development to a larger community. The Mozart Programming System is the primary implementation of Oz. It is released with an open source license by the Mozart Consortium. Mozart has been ported to different flavors of Unix, FreeBSD, Linux, Windows, and macOS.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 78,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 60,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 228,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 256916,
    "lab": "Universität des Saarlandes",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "oz",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 661,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 36,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "visualParadigm": false,
    "docs": "https://www.ps.uni-saarland.de/oz2/documentation/ http://mozart2.org/mozart-v1/doc-1.4.0/tutorial/index.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 2692,
    "codeMirror": "oz",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Oz",
    "country": "Germany",
    "projectEuler": "Oz",
    "helloWorldCollection": "% Hello World in Oz  functor import   System   Application define   {System.showInfo \"Hello World!\"}   {Application.exit 0} end",
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    "example": "scoped enum Color { Black, Blue, Cyan, Green, Magenta, Red, White, Yellow }  class Terminal(public var @foreground: Color, width_str: String) {     public var @width = width_str.parse_i().unwrap_or(80)      public define set_fg(new_color: Color) {         @foreground = new_color     } }  var terms = [Terminal(Color.White, \"A\"), Terminal(Color.Red, \"40\")]  terms.each(|e| e.width += 20 )      |> print",
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    "id": "nit",
    "name": "Nit",
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    "creators": "Jean Privat",
    "measurements": 32,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://nitlanguage.org/",
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    "latestVersion": "v0.7.9",
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    "pldbScore": 23715,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/nitlang/nit",
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "n/Nit.nit",
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    "domainName_registered": 2008,
    "lab": "https://github.com/nitlang",
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    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "nit",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "nit",
    "writtenIn": "rescript c ini markdown make html bourne-shell xml svg java javascript css dockerfile vim-script diff yaml perl tex brainfuck python ruby bash go less haskell r pug json",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Nit",
    "country": "Canada",
    "reference": "http://nitlanguage.org/nit.git/",
    "example": "print \"Hello, World!\"",
    "leachim6_example": "print \"Hello World\"  ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "print \"hello world\" ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Nit",
    "leachim6": "Nit",
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    "domainName": "nitlanguage.org",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/R4PaSs/Sublime-Nit",
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    "id": "mariadb",
    "name": "MariaDB",
    "appeared": 2009,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
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    "rank": 457,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_related": "c perl bash solaris linux mysql freebsd",
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    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/mariadb",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MariaDB",
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    "id": "gosu",
    "name": "Gosu",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 30,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://gosu-lang.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 458,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 23712,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.gosu.2",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "g/Gosu.gs",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "jvm.py",
    "domainName_registered": 2009,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2017,
    "wikipedia_related": "java-bytecode java csharp kotlin javascript pascal go",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Gosu is a statically-typed programming language that runs on the Java Virtual Machine released under the Apache 2. This general-purpose programming language is used in several open-source software projects including SparkGS and Ragnar DB among several others, and is widely used in the insurance industry via Guidewire Software's commercial products. The language borrows from several existing languages including Java, C#, and ECMAScript. A notable and unique feature is its Open Type System, which allows the language to be easily extended to provide compile-time checking and IDE awareness of information that is typically checked only at runtime in most other languages. Also of note is the language's ability to serve as both a full-featured general purpose language and as a concise scripting language. For instance, Gosu has free-form Program types (.gsp files) for scripting as well as statically verified Template files (.gst files). Gosu can optionally execute these and all other types directly from source without precompilation, which also distinguishes it from other static languages.",
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    "lab": "Guidewire Software, Inc",
    "fileExtensions": "gs gsp gst gsx",
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    "leachim6_example": "print(\"Hello World\") ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "function hello() {   print(\"hello\") }",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Gosu",
    "wikipedia_example": "var list = {1, 2, 3} var result = list.where(\\ elem -> elem >= 2) print(result)",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gosu_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 1,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "tiobe": "Gosu",
    "domainName": "gosu-lang.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Gosu",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/jpcamara/Textmate-Gosu-Bundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2015|Pragmatic Bookshelf|Learn Game Programming with Ruby: Bring Your Ideas to Life with Gosu|Sobkowicz, Mark|9781680500738",
    "githubLanguage": "Gosu"
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    "id": "apache-hbase",
    "name": "Apache Hbase",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "application",
    "website": "https://hbase.apache.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 459,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 28,
    "pldbScore": 23711,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/apache/hbase",
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2007,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2008,
    "wikipedia_related": "java linux json sql mongodb couchdb postgresql",
    "wikipedia_summary": "HBase is an open-source non-relational distributed database modeled after Google's Bigtable and written in Java. It is developed as part of Apache Software Foundation's Apache Hadoop project and runs on top of HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) or Alluxio, providing Bigtable-like capabilities for Hadoop.",
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 16266878,
    "lab": "https://github.com/apache/hbase",
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    "docs": "https://hbase.apache.org/book.html",
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    "id": "kitten",
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    "creators": "Jon Purdy",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://kittenlang.org/",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "k/Kitten.ktn",
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    "description": "<a href='http://kittenlang.org'>Kitten</a> is a statically typed concatenative language with effect types.",
    "githubRepo_description": "<a href='http://kittenlang.org'>Kitten</a> is a statically typed concatenative language with effect types.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/evincarofautumn/kitten/issues",
    "rijuRepl_description": "<a href='http://kittenlang.org'>Kitten</a> is a statically typed concatenative language with effect types.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Kitten",
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "\"Hello World\" say ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/kitten",
    "rijuRepl_example": "\"Hello, world!\" say ",
    "leachim6": "Kitten",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/evincarofautumn/kitten",
    "printToken": "say",
    "stringToken": "\"",
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    "id": "jasmine",
    "name": "jasmine",
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    "website": "https://jasmine.github.io/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/jasmine/jasmine",
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    "lab": "https://github.com/jasmine/jasmine",
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    "id": "codecept",
    "name": "codecept",
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    "tags": "library",
    "website": "http://codecept.io/",
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    "domainName_registered": 2015,
    "lab": "https://github.com/codeceptjs/",
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    "country": "Ukraine and India",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/codeceptjs",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/codeception/codeceptjs/",
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  {
    "id": "ioke",
    "name": "Ioke",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "creators": "Ola Bini",
    "measurements": 36,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://ioke.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 463,
    "exampleCount": 3,
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    "githubLanguage_interpreters": "ioke",
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "i/Ioke.ik",
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    "domainName_registered": 2008,
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    "wikipedia_related": "io smalltalk lisp ruby jruby",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Ioke is a dynamic, strongly typed, prototype-based programming language targeting the Java Virtual Machine and the Common Language Runtime. It was designed by Ola Bini, a developer of JRuby. It has a very simple homoiconic syntax, somewhat similar to Io.",
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 20148120,
    "lab": "https://github.com/olabini/ioke/issues/",
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    "writtenIn": "java csharp xml html lisp css php bash python ruby",
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    "leachim6": "RPG",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=207",
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    "wikipedia_related": "c linux unix svg latex lua maxima octave perl perl-data-language python sagemath julia java ruby ch haskell smalltalk squeak matplotlib",
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    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 193,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 43601,
    "lab": "https://sourceforge.net/p/gnuplot/mailman/",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "gp gnu gnuplot p plot plt",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 901,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 26,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#gnuplot",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "ATS (Applied Type System) is a programming language designed to unify programming with formal specification. ATS has support for combining theorem proving with practical programming through the use of advanced type systems. A past version of The Computer Language Benchmarks Game has demonstrated that the performance of ATS is comparable to that of the C and C++ programming languages. By using theorem proving and strict type checking, the compiler can detect and prove that its implemented functions are not susceptible to bugs such as division by zero, memory leaks, buffer overflow, and other forms of memory corruption by verifying pointer arithmetic and reference counting before the program compiles. Additionally, by using the integrated theorem-proving system of ATS (ATS/LF), the programmer may make use of static constructs that are intertwined with the operative code to prove that a function attains its specification.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
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    "country": "United States",
    "helloWorldCollection": "// Hello world in ATS  implement main () = begin   print (\"Hello, world!\"); print_newline () end",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "(* ****** ****** *) // // HX-2013-11 // // Implementing a variant of // the problem of Dining Philosophers // (* ****** ****** *) // #include \"share/atspre_define.hats\" #include \"share/atspre_staload.hats\" // (* ****** ****** *)  staload \"{$LIBATSHWXI}/teaching/mythread/SATS/mythread.sats\"  (* ****** ****** *)  local // #include \"{$LIBATSHWXI}/teaching/mythread/DATS/mythread.dats\" // in (* in of [local] *) // // HX: it is intentionally left to be empty // end // end of [local]  (* ****** ****** *)  local // #include \"{$LIBATSHWXI}/teaching/mythread/DATS/mythread_posix.dats\" // in (* in of [local] *) // // HX: it is intentionally left to be empty // end // end of [local]  (* ****** ****** *)  (* end of [DiningPhil2_thread.dats] *) ",
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    "rijuRepl_example": "val _ = print (\"Hello, world!\\n\") implement main0 () = () ",
    "wikipedia_example": "#define BUFLEN 10 var !p_buf with pf_buf = @[byte][BUFLEN](0)    // pf_buf = @[byte][BUFLEN](0) @ p_buf[14]",
    "keywords": "abstype abst0ype absprop absview absvtype absviewtype absvt0ype absviewt0ype as and assume begin classdec datasort datatype dataprop dataview datavtype dataviewtype do end extern extype extvar exception fn fnx fun prfn prfun praxi castfn if then else ifcase in infix infixl infixr prefix postfix implmnt implement primplmnt primplement import let local macdef macrodef nonfix symelim symintr overload of op rec sif scase sortdef sta stacst stadef static staload dynload try tkindef typedef propdef viewdef vtypedef viewtypedef prval var prvar when where with withtype withprop withview withvtype withviewtype",
    "rijuRepl_gitRepo": "https://github.com/githwxi/ATS-Postiats",
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    "domainName": "ats-lang.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "ATS",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2012||Ats (programming Language)|Niek Yoan|9786201963160",
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    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2019|ATS (AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH) BERBASIS PROGRAMMABLLE LOGIC CONTROLLER CPM1A AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH (ATS) BASED ON PROGRAMMABLLE LOGIC CONTROLLER CPM1A|10.31000/JT.V8I1.1579|3|0|Sumardi Sadi and S. Mulyati|63338d33f437a3e21ed477293e9dac064bceb9bf"
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    "website": "https://packagist.org/",
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    "country": "The Netherlands and Canada and Germany and Switzerland and Moscow",
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    "id": "newlisp",
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    "appeared": 1991,
    "creators": "Lutz Mueller",
    "measurements": 32,
    "tags": "pl lisp",
    "website": "http://www.newlisp.org/",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/kosh04/newlisp",
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    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "n/NewLISP.lsp",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2005,
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    "wikipedia_related": "lisp common-lisp scheme pascal c tcl s-expressions xml utf-8 tcp udp linux solaris sqlite smtp ftp opengl",
    "wikipedia_summary": "newLISP is an open source scripting language in the Lisp family of programming languages developed by Lutz Mueller and released under the GNU General Public License.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
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    "lab": "http://kosh.sdf.org",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "lsp nl kif",
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    "latestMajorVersion": 10,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#http://www.newlisp.org/newlisp-js",
    "docs": "http://www.newlisp.org/index.cgi?Documentation",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:NewLISP",
    "country": "United States",
    "projectEuler": "newLISP",
    "leachim6_example": "#!/usr/bin/newlisp (print \"Hello World\\n\") (exit) ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "#!/usr/bin/env newlisp  (constant 'NUM 8)  (define (intersects? q1 q2)  (or   (= (q1 0) (q2 0))   (= (q1 1) (q2 1))   (= (abs (- (q1 0) (q2 0))) (abs (- (q1 1) (q2 1))))))  (define (variant? alist)  (set 'logic nil)  (cond   ((= (length alist) 1) true)   ((> (length alist) 1)    (while (> (length alist) 1)     (set 'q (pop alist -1))     (dolist (el alist)      (push       (intersects?        (list q (inc (length alist)))        (list el (+ 1 $idx)))      logic -1)))    (not (apply or logic)))))  (define (fork-by-line alist)  (let (res '())   (dolist (i (sequence 1 NUM))    (set 'tmp alist)    (push i tmp -1)    (setf res (push tmp res -1)))   res))  (define (find-variants num)  (let (res '())   (cond    ((< num 1)     (begin (println \"num < 1\") (exit)))    ((= num 1)     (dolist (i (sequence 1 NUM)) (push (list i) res -1)))    ((> num 1)     (dolist (v (find-variants (dec num)))      (set 'passed (filter variant? (fork-by-line v)))      (if (not (empty? passed)) (extend res passed)))))   res))    (set 'solutions (find-variants NUM)) (println (length solutions)) ;;(exit)",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "NewLisp",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/newlisp",
    "leachim6": "NewLISP",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/kosh04/newlisp",
    "printToken": "print",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NewLISP",
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    "domainName": "newlisp.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "NewLisp",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/lisp.tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "NewLisp"
  },
  {
    "id": "dale",
    "name": "Dale",
    "appeared": 2013,
    "creators": "tomhrr",
    "measurements": 21,
    "tags": "pl lisp",
    "website": "https://github.com/tomhrr/dale/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 485,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 23673,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/tomhrr/dale/",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2013,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 22,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 1024,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2013,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
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    "fileExtensions": "dt",
    "writtenIn": "diet perl cpp markdown yaml bourne-shell cmake vim-script dockerfile",
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "Unknown",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/tomhrr/dale/",
    "hasBitWiseOperators": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasConstructors": true,
    "hasFunctionOverloading": true,
    "hasGarbageCollection": false,
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    "hasNamespaces": true,
    "hasPointers": true,
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  {
    "id": "java-properties",
    "name": "Java Properties",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "dataNotation",
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    "rank": 486,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 23672,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "pkl",
    "primaryTag": "dataNotation",
    "githubLanguage_repos": 6363,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "properties",
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    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-properties",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.java-properties",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 283,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2004,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
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    "aka": "dot properties",
    "wikipedia_related": "java unicode notepad-editor emacs-editor vim ascii eclipse-editor perl xml yaml",
    "wikipedia_summary": ".properties is a file extension for files mainly used in Java related technologies to store the configurable parameters of an application. They can also be used for storing strings for Internationalization and localization; these are known as Property Resource Bundles. Each parameter is stored as a pair of strings, one storing the name of the parameter (called the key), and the other storing the value.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 205,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 33,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 181,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4952396,
    "lab": "Oracle",
    "fileExtensions": "properties",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "properties",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1245,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 19,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\"); you # may not use this file except in compliance with the License.  You may # obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or # implied.  See the License for the specific language governing # permissions and limitations under the License. # Dink:net/rptools/maptool/client/sound/dink.mp3 Clink:net/rptools/maptool/client/sound/clink.mp3 ",
    "wikipedia_example": "# You are reading the \".properties\" entry. ! The exclamation mark can also mark text as comments. # The key characters =, and : should be written with # a preceding backslash to ensure that they are properly loaded. # However, there is no need to precede the value characters =, and : by a backslash. website = https://en.wikipedia.org/ language = English # The backslash below tells the application to continue reading # the value onto the next line. message = Welcome to \\           Wikipedia! # Add spaces to the key key\\ with\\ spaces = This is the value that could be looked up with the key \"key with spaces\". # Unicode tab : \\u0009 # If you want your property to include a backslash, it should be escaped by another backslash path=c:\\\\wiki\\\\templates # However, some editors will handle this automatically",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.properties",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/java.tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "Java Properties"
  },
  {
    "id": "cyber",
    "name": "Cyber",
    "appeared": 2022,
    "measurements": 20,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://cyberscript.dev/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 487,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 21,
    "pldbScore": 23670,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/fubark/cyber",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2022,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 21,
    "githubRepo_forks": 38,
    "githubRepo_stars": 1142,
    "githubRepo_issues": 32,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2022,
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    "repoStats_commits": 1520,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 158229,
    "description": "Cyber is a new language for fast, efficient, and concurrent scripting.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Cyber is a new language for fast, efficient, and concurrent scripting.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Cyber is a new language for fast, efficient, and concurrent scripting.",
    "writtenIn": "zig c markdown javascript lua yaml python css java json php ruby vim-script cpp xml perl html bourne-shell wasm go rust",
    "isOpenSource": true,
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    "example": "import m 'math'  worlds = ['World', '世界', 'दुनिया'] worlds.append(m.random()) for worlds each w:     print 'Hello, {w}!'  func fib(n int) int:     coyield     if n < 2:         return n     return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)  count = 0    -- Counts iterations. fiber = coinit fib(30) while fiber.status() != #done:     res = coresume fiber     count += 1 print '{res} {count}'",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/fubark/cyber",
    "hasAssignment": true,
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    "hasFunctions": true,
    "hasImports": true,
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    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "hasWhileLoops": true,
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  },
  {
    "id": "xtend",
    "name": "Xtend",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "creators": "Sven Efftinge and Sebastian Zarnekow",
    "measurements": 28,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.xtend-lang.org",
    "foundationScore": 3,
    "rank": 488,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 23669,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 3,
    "inboundLinks": "cloc pygments xtext",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.xtend",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 4,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2014,
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "jvm.py",
    "domainName_registered": 2011,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2011,
    "wikipedia_related": "java scala groovy smalltalk eclipse-editor",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Xtend is a general-purpose high-level programming language for the Java Virtual Machine. Syntactically and semantically Xtend has its roots in the Java programming language but focuses on a more concise syntax and some additional functionality such as type inference, extension methods, and operator overloading. Being primarily an object-oriented language, it also integrates features known from functional programming, e.g. lambda expressions. Xtend is statically typed and uses Java's type system without modifications. It is compiled to Java code and thereby seamlessly integrates with all existing Java libraries. The language Xtend and its IDE is developed as a project at Eclipse.org and participates in the annual Eclipse release train. The code is open source under the Eclipse Public License. Yet, the language can be compiled and run independent of the Eclipse platform.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2012,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 20,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 39,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 36462606,
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "xtend",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "xtend",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 321,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 33,
    "runsOnVm": "jvm",
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "clocExtensions": "xtend",
    "fileType": "text",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "/*******************************************************************************  * Copyright (c) 2012 itemis AG (http://www.itemis.eu) and others.  * All rights reserved. This program and the accompanying materials  * are made available under the terms of the Eclipse Public License v1.0  * which accompanies this distribution, and is available at  * http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html  *  * Author - Sven Efftinge  *******************************************************************************/ package example6  import org.junit.Test import static org.junit.Assert.* import java.io.FileReader import java.util.Set import static extension com.google.common.io.CharStreams.*  class Movies {    /**   * @return the total number of action movies   */  @Test def void numberOfActionMovies() {   assertEquals(828, movies.filter[categories.contains('Action')].size)  }    /**   * @return the year the best rated movie of 80ies (1980-1989) was released.   */  @Test def void yearOfBestMovieFrom80ies() {   assertEquals(1989, movies.filter[(1980..1989).contains(year)].sortBy[rating].last.year)  }    /**   * @return the sum of the number of votes of the two top rated movies.   */  @Test def void sumOfVotesOfTop2() {   val long movies = movies.sortBy[-rating].take(2).map[numberOfVotes].reduce[a, b| a + b]   assertEquals(47_229, movies)  }    val movies = new FileReader('data.csv').readLines.map[ line |   val segments = line.split('  ').iterator   return new Movie(    segments.next,    Integer::parseInt(segments.next),    Double::parseDouble(segments.next),    Long::parseLong(segments.next),    segments.toSet   )  ] }  @Data class Movie {  String title  int year  double rating  long numberOfVotes  Set<String> categories } ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Xtend",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/xtendlang",
    "wikipedia_example": "def sayHello(String name) '''     Hello «name» ! '''",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasHexadecimals": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStaticTyping": true,
    "hasTypeInference": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xtend",
    "bookCount": 3,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "tiobe": "Xtend",
    "domainName": "xtend-lang.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Xtend",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/staltz/SublimeXtend",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2013|Packt Publishing|Implementing Domain-Specific Languages with Xtext and Xtend|Bettini, Lorenzo|9781782160311\\n2013|Packt Publishing|Implementing Domain-Specific Languages with Xtext and Xtend|Bettini, Lorenzo|9781782160304\\n31-08-2016|Packt Publishing|Implementing Domain-Specific Languages with Xtext and Xtend|Lorenzo Bettini|9781786463272",
    "githubLanguage": "Xtend"
  },
  {
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    "leachim6_filepath": "f/Fancy.fy",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2017,
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "ruby.py",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2010,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2014,
    "repoStats_commits": 2993,
    "repoStats_committers": 17,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 32865,
    "domainName_registered": 2010,
    "lab": "https://github.com/bakkdoor/fancy/issues",
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    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "fy",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "fy fancypack",
    "writtenIn": "ruby javascript bourne-shell yacc lex markdown css c html lisp yaml",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 567,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 45,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 6823,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Fancy",
    "country": "Germany",
    "leachim6_example": "\"Hello World\" println ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Fancy",
    "leachim6": "Fancy",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/bakkdoor/fancy",
    "printToken": "println",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fancy_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 2,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "fancy-lang.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Fancy",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/fancy-lang/fancy-tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1984|Reston Pub. Co|Fancy Programming In Ibm Pc Basic|Gabriel Cuellar|9780835918602\\n1984|Workman Publishing Company|Digital Deli: The Comprehensive, User-Lovable Menu of Computer Lore, Culture, Lifestyles and Fancy|Lunch Group|9780894805912",
    "githubLanguage": "Fancy"
  },
  {
    "id": "xtext",
    "name": "Xtext",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "website": "https://www.eclipse.org/Xtext/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v2.34.0",
    "rank": 499,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 23642,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/eclipse/xtext",
    "primaryTag": "grammarLanguage",
    "githubRepo_created": 2011,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2008,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 47,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 758,
    "githubRepo_issues": 507,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2008,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 38192,
    "repoStats_committers": 202,
    "repoStats_files": 19789,
    "repoStats_mb": 174,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 1100113,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2019,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Xtext is an open-source software framework for developing programming languages and domain-specific languages (DSLs). Unlike standard parser generators, Xtext generates not only a parser, but also a class model for the abstract syntax tree, as well as providing a fully featured, customizable Eclipse-based IDE.Xtext is being developed in the Eclipse Project as part of the Eclipse Modeling Framework Project and is licensed under the Eclipse Public License.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 31,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 32232589,
    "fileExtensions": "xtext",
    "writtenIn": "java xml xtend ini html javascript gradle bourne-shell css markdown json typescript yaml dockerfile csv objective-cpp svg",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2088,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 35,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 2,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "reference": "https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1869625",
    "example": "grammar org.eclipse.xtext.common.Terminals     hidden(WS, ML_COMMENT, SL_COMMENT)   import \"http://www.eclipse.org/emf/2002/Ecore\" as ecore terminal ID:     '^'?('a'..'z'|'A'..'Z'|'_')('a'..'z'|'A'..'Z'|'_'|'0'..'9')*;   terminal INT returns ecore::EInt:     ('0'..'9')+;   terminal STRING:     '\"' ( '\\\\'('b'|'t'|'n'|'f'|'r'|'u'|'\"'|\"'\"|'\\\\') | !('\\\\'|'\"') )* '\"' |     \"'\" ( '\\\\'('b'|'t'|'n'|'f'|'r'|'u'|'\"'|\"'\"|'\\\\') | !('\\\\'|\"'\") )* \"'\";   terminal ML_COMMENT:     '/*' -> '*/';   terminal SL_COMMENT:     '//' !('\\n'|'\\r')* ('\\r'? '\\n')?;   terminal WS:     (' '|'\\t'|'\\r'|'\\n')+;   terminal ANY_OTHER:     .;",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/xtext",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/eclipse/xtext",
    "hasImports": true,
    "hasMixins": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xtext",
    "bookCount": 3,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2013|Packt Publishing|Implementing Domain-Specific Languages with Xtext and Xtend|Bettini, Lorenzo|9781782160311\\n2013|Packt Publishing|Implementing Domain-Specific Languages with Xtext and Xtend|Bettini, Lorenzo|9781782160304\\n31-08-2016|Packt Publishing|Implementing Domain-Specific Languages with Xtext and Xtend|Lorenzo Bettini|9781786463272"
  },
  {
    "id": "lfe",
    "name": "LFE",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "creators": "Robert Virding",
    "measurements": 27,
    "tags": "pl lisp",
    "foundationScore": 1,
    "blog": "https://blog.lfe.io/",
    "releaseNotes": "http://docs.lfe.io/v0.7/classic-docs/release-notes.html",
    "rank": 500,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 23642,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "cloc",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 14,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 15,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 51,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "lisp",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "commonlisp",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-common-lisp",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.lisp",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 40,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2005,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 4,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 6,
    "standsFor": "Lisp Flavored Erlang",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2008,
    "wikipedia_related": "erlang common-lisp scheme elixir hy lisp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Lisp Flavored Erlang (LFE) is a functional, concurrent, general-purpose programming language and Lisp dialect built on top of Core Erlang and the Erlang Virtual Machine (BEAM). LFE builds on top of Erlang in order to provide a Lisp syntax for writing distributed, fault-tolerant, soft real-time, non-stop applications. LFE also extends Erlang to support meta-programming with Lisp macros and an improved developer experience with a feature-rich REPL. LFE is actively supported on all recent releases of Erlang; the oldest version of Erlang supported is R14.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2014,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 37,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 33,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 54,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 41671035,
    "lab": "https://github.com/lfe",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "lfe",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "lfe hrl",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 405,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "exercism": "https://exercism.org/tracks/lfe",
    "expandedMeasurements": 29,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "clocExtensions": "lfe",
    "docs": "http://docs.lfe.io/current/index.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:LFE",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://lfe.io/",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": ";; Copyright (c) 2013 Duncan McGreggor <oubiwann@cogitat.io> ;; ;; Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\"); ;; you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. ;; You may obtain a copy of the License at ;; ;;     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 ;; ;; Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software ;; distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS, ;; WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. ;; See the License for the specific language governing permissions and ;; limitations under the License.  ;; File    : church.lfe ;; Author  : Duncan McGreggor ;; Purpose : Demonstrating church numerals from the lambda calculus  ;; The code below was used to create the section of the user guide here: ;;    http://lfe.github.io/user-guide/recursion/5.html ;; ;; Here is some example usage: ;; ;; > (slurp '\"church.lfe\") ;; #(ok church) ;; > (zero) ;; #Fun<lfe_eval.10.53503600> ;; > (church->int1 (zero)) ;; 0 ;; > (church->int1 (three)) ;; 3 ;; > (church->int1 (five)) ;; 5 ;; > (church->int2 #'five/0) ;; 5 ;; > (church->int2 (lambda () (get-church 25))) ;; 25  (defmodule church   (export all))  (defun zero ()   (lambda (s)     (lambda (x) x)))  (defun one ()   (lambda (s)     (lambda (x)       (funcall s x))))  (defun two ()   (lambda (s)     (lambda (x)       (funcall s         (funcall s x)))))  (defun three ()   (lambda (s)     (lambda (x)       (funcall s         (funcall s           (funcall s x))))))  (defun four ()   (lambda (s)     (lambda (x)       (funcall s         (funcall s           (funcall s             (funcall s x)))))))  (defun five ()   (get-church 5))  (defun int-successor (n)   (+ n 1))  (defun church->int1 (church-numeral)   \"   Converts a called church numeral to an integer, e.g.:   > (church->int1 (five))   \"   (funcall     (funcall church-numeral #'int-successor/1) 0))  (defun church->int2 (church-numeral)   \"   Converts a non-called church numeral to an integer, e.g.:   > (church->int2 #'five/0)   \"   (funcall     (funcall       (funcall church-numeral) #'int-successor/1) 0))  (defun church-successor (church-numeral)   (lambda (s)     (lambda (x)       (funcall s         (funcall           (funcall church-numeral s) x)))))  (defun get-church (church-numeral count limit)   (cond ((== count limit) church-numeral)         ((/= count limit)          (get-church            (church-successor church-numeral)            (+ 1 count)            limit))))  (defun get-church (integer)   (get-church (zero) 0 integer)) ",
    "wikipedia_example": "(defun parse-args (flag)   \"Given one or more command-line arguments, extract the passed values.    For example, if the following was passed via the command line:      $ erl -my-flag my-value-1 -my-flag my-value-2    One could then extract it in an LFE program by calling this function:      (let ((args (parse-args 'my-flag)))       ...       )   In this example, the value assigned to the arg variable would be a list   containing the values my-value-1 and my-value-2.\"   (let ((`#(ok ,data) (init:get_argument flag)))     (lists:merge data)))  (defun get-pages ()   \"With no argument, assume 'url parameter was passed via command line.\"   (let ((urls (parse-args 'url)))     (get-pages urls)))  (defun get-pages (urls)   \"Start inets and make (potentially many) HTTP requests.\"   (inets:start)   (plists:map     (lambda (x)       (get-page x)) urls))  (defun get-page (url)   \"Make a single HTTP request.\"   (let* ((method 'get)          (headers '())          (request-data `#(,url ,headers))          (http-options ())          (request-options '(#(sync false))))     (httpc:request method request-data http-options request-options)     (receive       (`#(http #(,request-id #(error ,reason)))        (io:format \"Error: ~p~n\" `(,reason)))       (`#(http #(,request-id ,result))        (io:format \"Result: ~p~n\" `(,result))))))",
    "lineCommentToken": ";",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LFE_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "LFE",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/lisp.tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "LFE",
    "indeedJobs": "lfe developer"
  },
  {
    "id": "clips",
    "name": "CLIPS",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 28,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.clipsrules.net/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 501,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 23637,
    "hoplId": 1759,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 901,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 991,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 1638,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.clips",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "c/CLIPS.clips",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 30,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2013,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2016,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 2,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 3,
    "standsFor": "C Language Integrated Production System",
    "domainName_registered": 2016,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1985,
    "wikipedia_related": "ops5 c lisp java isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "CLIPS is a public domain software tool for building expert systems.  The name is an acronym for \"C Language Integrated Production System.\" The syntax and name was inspired by Charles Forgy's OPS (\"Official Production System,\" although there was nothing really official about it). The first versions of CLIPS were developed starting in 1985 at NASA-Johnson Space Center (as an alternative for existing system ART*Inference) until the mid-1990s when the development group's responsibilities ceased to focus on expert system technology. The original name of the project was NASA's AI Language (NAIL). CLIPS is probably the most widely used expert system tool. CLIPS incorporates a complete object-oriented language (hence the acronym COOL) for writing expert systems. CLIPS itself is written in C, extensions can be written in C, and CLIPS can be called from C. Its user interface closely resembles that of the programming language Lisp. COOL combines the programming paradigms of procedural, object oriented and logical (theorem proving) languages.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 86,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 39,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 274,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 418603,
    "lab": "NASA",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "clp",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "clips",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 651,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 30,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#clips",
    "docs": "https://www.clipsrules.net/Documentation.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 2427,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:CLIPS",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": " (deftemplate car_problem      (slot name)      (slot status))   (deffacts trouble_shooting      (car_problem (name ignition_key) (status on))      (car_problem (name engine) (status wont_start))      (car_problem (name headlights) (status work)))   (defrule rule1      (car_problem (name ignition_key) (status on))      (car_problem (name engine) (status wont_start))       =>      (assert (car_problem (name starter) (status faulty))))",
    "leachim6_example": "(defrule hw     (f ?x) =>     (printout t ?x crlf))  (assert (f \"Hello World\"))  (run) ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": ";;; http://www.angusj.com/sudoku/hints ;;; http://www.scanraid.com/BasicStrategies.htm ;;; http://www.sudokuoftheday.com/pages/techniques-overview ;;; http://www.sudokuonline.us/sudoku_solving_techniques ;;; http://www.sadmansoftware.com/sudoku/techniques.htm ;;; http://www.krazydad.com/blog/2005/09/29/an-index-of-sudoku-strategies/  ;;; ####################### ;;; DEFTEMPLATES & DEFFACTS ;;; #######################  (deftemplate possible    (slot row)    (slot column)    (slot value)    (slot group)    (slot id))     (deftemplate impossible    (slot id)    (slot value)    (slot priority)    (slot reason))     (deftemplate technique-employed    (slot reason)    (slot priority))  (deftemplate technique    (slot name)    (slot priority)) (deffacts startup    (phase grid-values))  (deftemplate size-value    (slot size)    (slot value)) (deffacts values    (size-value (size 1) (value 1))    (size-value (size 2) (value 2))    (size-value (size 2) (value 3))    (size-value (size 2) (value 4))    (size-value (size 3) (value 5))    (size-value (size 3) (value 6))    (size-value (size 3) (value 7))    (size-value (size 3) (value 8))    (size-value (size 3) (value 9))    (size-value (size 4) (value 10))    (size-value (size 4) (value 11))    (size-value (size 4) (value 12))    (size-value (size 4) (value 13))    (size-value (size 4) (value 14))    (size-value (size 4) (value 15))    (size-value (size 4) (value 16))    (size-value (size 5) (value 17))    (size-value (size 5) (value 18))    (size-value (size 5) (value 19))    (size-value (size 5) (value 20))    (size-value (size 5) (value 21))    (size-value (size 5) (value 22))    (size-value (size 5) (value 23))    (size-value (size 5) (value 24))    (size-value (size 5) (value 25)))     ;;; ########### ;;; SETUP RULES ;;; ###########  ;;; *********** ;;; stress-test ;;; ***********  (defrule stress-test        (declare (salience 10))        (phase match)        (stress-test)        (priority ?last)        (not (priority ?p&:(> ?p ?last)))        (technique (priority ?next&:(> ?next ?last)))        (not (technique (priority ?p&:(> ?p ?last)&:(< ?p ?next))))        =>        (assert (priority ?next)))     ;;; ***************** ;;; enable-techniques ;;; *****************  (defrule enable-techniques     (declare (salience 10))        (phase match)        (size ?)        (not (possible (value any)))        =>        (assert (priority 1)))  ;;; ********** ;;; expand-any ;;; **********  (defrule expand-any     (declare (salience 10))     (phase expand-any)        ?f <- (possible (row ?r) (column ?c) (value any) (group ?g) (id ?id))       (not (possible (value any) (id ?id2&:(< ?id2 ?id))))        (size ?s)        (size-value (size ?as&:(<= ?as ?s)) (value ?v))        (not (possible (row ?r) (column ?c) (value ?v)))       (not (and (size-value (value ?v2&:(< ?v2 ?v)))                              (not (possible (row ?r) (column ?c) (value ?v2)))))        =>        (assert (possible (row ?r) (column ?c) (value ?v) (group ?g) (id ?id))))     ;;; ***************** ;;; position-expanded ;;; *****************  (defrule position-expanded     (declare (salience 10))     (phase expand-any)        ?f <- (possible (row ?r) (column ?c) (value any) (group ?g) (id ?id))          (size ?s)        (not (and (size-value (size ?as&:(<= ?as ?s)) (value ?v))                  (not (possible (row ?r) (column ?c) (value ?v)))))     =>        (retract ?f))     ;;; ########### ;;; PHASE RULES ;;; ###########  ;;; *************** ;;; expand-any-done ;;; ***************  (defrule expand-any-done     (declare (salience 10))     ?f <- (phase expand-any)     (not (possible (value any)))        =>        (retract ?f)        (assert (phase initial-output))    (assert (print-position 1 1)))     ;;; *********** ;;; begin-match ;;; ***********  (defrule begin-match     (declare (salience -20))        ?f <- (phase initial-output)           =>        (retract ?f)        (assert (phase match)))  ;;; ***************** ;;; begin-elimination ;;; *****************  (defrule begin-elimination     (declare (salience -20))        ?f <- (phase match)        (not (not (impossible)))        =>        (retract ?f)        (assert (phase elimination)))  ;;; ************* ;;; next-priority ;;; *************  (defrule next-priority     (declare (salience -20))        (phase match)        (not (impossible))        (priority ?last)        (not (priority ?p&:(> ?p ?last)))        (technique (priority ?next&:(> ?next ?last)))        (not (technique (priority ?p&:(> ?p ?last)&:(< ?p ?next))))        =>        (assert (priority ?next)))  ;;; ************ ;;; begin-output ;;; ************  (defrule begin-output     (declare (salience -20))        ?f <- (phase match)        (not (impossible))        (priority ?last)        (not (priority ?p&:(> ?p ?last)))     (not (technique (priority ?next&:(> ?next ?last))))        =>        (retract ?f)        (assert (phase final-output))    (assert (print-position 1 1)))                                                   ",
    "wikipedia_example": "(deftemplate car_problem      (slot name)      (slot status))   (deffacts trouble_shooting      (car_problem (name ignition_key) (status on))      (car_problem (name engine) (status wont_start))      (car_problem (name headlights) (status work)))   (defrule rule1      (car_problem (name ignition_key) (status on))      (car_problem (name engine) (status wont_start))       =>      (assert (car_problem (name starter) (status faulty))))",
    "leachim6": "CLIPS",
    "lineCommentToken": ";",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLIPS",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 3,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1759",
    "domainName": "clipsrules.net",
    "githubBigQuery": "CLIPS",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/psicomante/CLIPS-sublime",
    "githubLanguage": "CLIPS",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2017|Internet of Smart Things - IoST: Using Blockchain and CLIPS to Make Things Autonomous|10.1109/IEEE.ICCC.2017.9|63|4|Mayra Samaniego and R. Deters|5e32390ddfd8658f8453c86e3bd51936bb7a0f67\\n2017|Recommendation of Instructional Video Clips for HTML Learners Based on the ID3 Algorithm|10.1109/IIAI-AAI.2017.84|1|0|Ting-Chia Hsu and Kai-Zhong Zhou|1bd14d790a2abaa69d9a7114cf864d970516f63b\\n2020|Research on Fault Diagnosis Expert System of On-board Radio of a Certain Armored Vehicle Based on CLIPS|10.1007/978-3-030-63784-2_82|1|0|Changhong Gong and Xiao Ming and Lingxiang Xia|46a02d369c374e0420ae13f4fa0a17e838318f78"
  },
  {
    "id": "conan-pm",
    "name": "Conan",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "packageManager",
    "website": "https://conan.io/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "2.3.1",
    "rank": 502,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 8,
    "pldbScore": 23635,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/conan-io/conan",
    "primaryTag": "packageManager",
    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2015,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 136,
    "githubRepo_forks": 957,
    "githubRepo_stars": 8031,
    "githubRepo_issues": 1368,
    "isFinished": false,
    "forLanguages": "c cpp",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2015,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 9049,
    "repoStats_committers": 480,
    "repoStats_files": 1085,
    "repoStats_mb": 35,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 160294,
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    "description": "Conan, the C / C++ Package Manager for Developers",
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    "name": "vdscript",
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    "creators": "Avery Lee",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://virtualdub.org",
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    "id": "ncl",
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    "id": "opam-pm",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "lab": "Informatie-Technologisch Bureau CompuPhase",
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    "webRepl": "https://microsoft.github.io/SandDance/app/",
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    "demoVideo": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sj2tzW2uhZo",
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    "id": "differential-datalog",
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    "description": "A TypeScript superset that favors more types and less typing",
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    "example": "switch x   0     console.log(\"zero\")   /^\\s+$/     console.log(\"whitespace\")   [{type: \"text\", content}, ...rest]     console.log(\"leading text\", content)",
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         if (x >= params->imgSize.x || y >= params->imgSize.y) return;          processPixelICP<false>(outRendering, pointsMap, normalsMap, pointsRay, params->imgSize.xy, x, y, params->voxelSizes.x, TO_VECTOR3(params->lightSource)); }  kernel void renderForward_device(DEVICEPTR(Vector4u) *outRendering              [[ buffer(0) ]],                                  const CONSTPTR(Vector4f) *pointsRay            [[ buffer(1) ]],                                  const CONSTPTR(CreateICPMaps_Params) *params   [[ buffer(2) ]],                                  uint2 threadIdx                                [[ thread_position_in_threadgroup ]],                                  uint2 blockIdx                                 [[ threadgroup_position_in_grid ]],                                  uint2 blockDim                                 [[ threads_per_threadgroup ]]) {     int x = threadIdx.x + blockIdx.x * blockDim.x, y = threadIdx.y + blockIdx.y * blockDim.y;          if (x >= params->imgSize.x || y >= params->imgSize.y) return;          processPixelForwardRender<false>(outRendering, pointsRay, params->imgSize.xy, x, y, params->voxelSizes.x, TO_VECTOR3(params->lightSource)); }  kernel void forwardProject_device(DEVICEPTR(Vector4f) *forwardProjection         [[ buffer(0) ]],                                   const CONSTPTR(Vector4f) *pointsRay            [[ buffer(1) ]],                                   const CONSTPTR(CreateICPMaps_Params) *params   [[ buffer(2) ]],                                   uint2 threadIdx                                [[ thread_position_in_threadgroup ]],                                   uint2 blockIdx                                 [[ threadgroup_position_in_grid ]],                                   uint2 blockDim                                 [[ threads_per_threadgroup ]]) {     int x = (threadIdx.x + blockIdx.x * blockDim.x), y = (threadIdx.y + blockIdx.y * blockDim.y);          if (x >= params->imgSize.x || y >= params->imgSize.y) return;          int locId = x + y * params->imgSize.x;     Vector4f pixel = pointsRay[locId];          int locId_new = forwardProjectPixel(pixel * params->voxelSizes.x, params->M, params->projParams, params->imgSize.xy);     if (locId_new >= 0) forwardProjection[locId_new] = pixel; }",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_(API)",
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    "githubBigQuery": "Metal",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/c.tmbundle",
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    "id": "csp",
    "name": "CSP",
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    "standsFor": "Communicating Sequential Processes",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "In computer science, communicating sequential processes (CSP) is a formal language for describing patterns of interaction in concurrent systems. It is a member of the family of mathematical theories of concurrency known as process algebras, or process calculi, based on message passing via channels. CSP was highly influential in the design of the occam programming language, and also influenced the design of programming languages such as Limbo, RaftLib, Go, Crystal, and Clojure's core.async. CSP was first described in a 1978 paper by Tony Hoare, but has since evolved substantially. CSP has been practically applied in industry as a tool for specifying and verifying the concurrent aspects of a variety of different systems, such as the T9000 Transputer, as well as a secure ecommerce system. The theory of CSP itself is also still the subject of active research, including work to increase its range of practical applicability (e.g., increasing the scale of the systems that can be tractably analyzed).",
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    "example": "COPY = *[c:character; west?c → east!c]",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=795",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n|Oxford, England : Oxford University Computing Laboratory, Programming Research Group, [1988]|Two papers on CSP|A. W. Roscoe|9780902928497\\n|Oxford, England : Oxford University Computing Laboratory, Programming Research Group, 1988.|The Sliding-window Protocol In Csp|K. Paliwoda and J. W. Sanders|9780902928480\\n|Oxford, England : Oxford University Computing Laboratory, Programming Research Group, C1993.|Probabilities And Priorities In Timed Csp||9780902928886\\n|Oxford, England : Oxford University Computing Laboratory, Programming Research Group, 1992.|A Brief History Of Timed Csp|Jim Davies and Steve Schneider|9780902928749\\n|Oxford [england] : Oxford University Computing Laboratory, Programming Research Group, C1996.|The Timed Failures-stability Model For Csp|G. M. Reed and A. W. Roscoe|9780902928930",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1986|The Quest Goes on: A Survey of Proofsystems for Partial Correctness of CSP|10.1007/BFb0027044|45|0|J. Hooman and W. P. Roever|f752804133a4e5014f6485aa9cdfeaa33d30e8de\\n2006|A Reasoning Method for Timed CSP Based on Constraint Solving|10.1007/11901433_19|43|1|J. Dong and Ping Hao and Jun Sun and Xian Zhang|63b5fdc9db311e527efb6bdc613db7b02b1ac304\\n1991|Embedding as a Tool for Language Comparison: On the CSP Hierarchy|10.1007/3-540-54430-5_85|27|1|F. S. Boer and C. Palamidessi|e5cf0ff98d509e90ba5d1bf39488815c5aba5a85\\n2004|Practical Application of CSP and FDR to Software Design|10.1007/11423348_9|20|2|Jonathan Lawrence|3dd4308be86507c6154cc7033ea8b4866746ff78\\n2008|A CSP Model for Mobile Channels|10.3233/978-1-58603-907-3-17|20|1|P. Welch and F. Barnes|71201fc33539bab1ed70b50fba8bc39f59436e75\\n2003|Bridging CSP and C++ with selective formalism and executable specifications|10.1109/MEMCOD.2003.1210108|18|0|W. B. Gardner|8ea78309dbdde85ea68f91bdb8d4040f5046e71f\\n2009|CSP as a Domain-Specific Language Embedded in Python and Jython|10.3233/978-1-60750-065-0-293|15|0|S. Mount and Mohammad Hammoudeh and Sam Wilson and R. Newman|4cfaf832b2ba26b30a584a5055361de505d6d5b8\\n2011|Verification of Distributed Embedded Real-Time Systems and their Low-Level Implementations Using Timed CSP|10.1109/APSEC.2011.52|13|1|B. Bartels and S. Glesner|00612e04938e115ece447f8961aff0d5b4fcc1ba\\n1987|A programming environment for CSP|10.1145/24208.24213|13|1|N. Delisle and M. Schwartz|8a67620f9eabbb7a91c7c426e99af616dd45849f\\n2005|Converging CSP specifications and C++ programming via selective formalism|10.1145/1067915.1067919|13|0|W. B. Gardner|1fbb2ae9bfd1f8f8f8361c4d7d92508ab16133db\\n1997|Designing reusable software components following the CSP distributed programming model|10.1109/PDSE.1997.596837|5|0|J. M. Mantas and A. Palma|f0291b9e835111956f6fbcdbe6e30a195218d582\\n2012|An Analytical and Experimental Comparison of CSP Extensions and Tools|10.1007/978-3-642-34281-3_27|4|0|Ling Shi and Yang Liu and Jun Sun and J. Dong and Gustavo Carvalho|4374e617864948df9a7ce03b5f4ffda3d7594421\\n2015|Mobile CSP|10.1007/978-3-319-29473-5_3|4|1|J. Woodcock and A. Wellings and A. Cavalcanti|71cdb631ce5b4e9d8efc52896362547a4a055490\\n2008|Converting scenarios to CSP traces with Mise en Scene for requirements-based programming|10.1007/s11334-007-0041-0|4|0|J. Carter and W. B. Gardner|d12658ffa5c582756136fc324e0bbe3364808491\\n2011|CSP as a Coordination Language|10.1007/978-3-642-21464-6_5|4|0|Moritz Kleine|c6817f27cbdff3ad7186f137220491a5dfbe5b71\\n2010|Unfolding CSP|10.1007/978-1-84882-912-1_10|3|0|M. Bundgaard and R. Milner|d11c09b7c43198f994fd6a0670e2cdede4d51707\\n2013|A Verified Protocol to Implement Multi-way Synchronisation and Interleaving in CSP|10.1007/978-3-642-40561-7_4|3|0|M. Oliveira and Ivan Soares de Medeiros Júnior and J. Woodcock|2f0c9d5a4afbadb9e26818311fd56ae468eebec0\\n2011|Development of an ML-based Verification Tool for Timed CSP Processes|10.3233/978-1-60750-774-1-363|2|0|T. Yamakawa and T. Ohashi and C. Fukunaga|176d88c154cd18cd6a7ec6ed3be5ca5d7cd13461\\n2007|Mise en Scene: Converting Scenarios to CSP Traces in Support of Requirements-Based Programming|10.1109/SEW.2007.104|2|0|J. Carter and W. B. Gardner|363989b6ae3f6191dfea00fbc24e0c6cd6b3944a\\n1995|Tools for teaching CCRs, monitors, and CSP concurrent programming concepts|10.1145/201998.202008|1|0|R. Olsson and Carole M. McNamee|bf4178c1fa36ea3d87ede0d1960c41582c1670b1\\n2017|CSP for Parallelising Brzozowski's DFA Construction Algorithm|10.1142/9789813148208_0010|1|0|Tinus Strauss and B. Watson and D. Kourie and L. Cleophas|528fadf6dff50aef434ed6a4d2ff4f884d9830ef",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nCsp: A Developer's Guide|1992|Shashi Malik|5518824|0.0|0|0\\nCSP as a Coordination Language||Kleine Moritz|51931033|0.0|0|0"
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    "lab": "Swiss Federal Institute of Technology",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1971|Oxford University Press|ALGOL in brief: A short, practical guide to computer programming in ALGOL,|Ractliffe, J. F|9780198596103\\n1969|Palgrave Macmillan|Programming by Case Studies: An Algol Primer (Introductory Monographs in Mathematics)|Chedzoy, O.B. and Ford, Sandra Elizabeth|9780333101469\\n1974|Oxford University Computing Laboratory, Programming Research Group|The Mathematical Semantics Of Algol 60 (technical Monographs)|Peter Mosses|9780902928084\\n1969|Pergamon|Programming - ALGOL (The Commonwealth and international library of science, technology, engineering, and liberal studies)|Malcolme-Lawes, D. J.|9780080063843\\n1962-12T|John Wiley & Sons Inc|A Guide to Algol Programming|McCracken, Daniel D.|9780471582342\\n1962-06-01T00:00:01Z|Academic Pr|Primer of Algol 60 Programming (Studies in Data Processing)|Dijkstra, Edsger W.|9780122162503\\n1965|McGraw Hill|Elementary Programming and Algol|Nicol, Keith|9780070940093\\n1978|Palgrave HE UK|Programming and Problem-Solving in Algol 68|Colin, Andrew John Theodore|9780333231159\\n1979|Prentice Hall Europe (a Pearson Education company)|Introductory Algol 68 Programming (Computers and Their Applications)|Brailsford, D. F. and Walker, A. N.|9780853121275\\n1967|StudentlitteraturOxford University Press|Introduction to Algol Programming|Erik Torgil. FrFoberg, Carl µEkman|9789144004433\\n1977|Elsevier Science|Informal Introduction to Algol 68|Lindsey, C.H.|9780720407266\\n1971|North-Holland Pub. Co|Informal introduction to ALGOL 68|Meulen, S. G. van der|9780720420487\\n1971|North-Holland Pub. Co|ALGOL 68 implementation;: Proceedings of the IFIP Working Conference on ALGOL 68 Implementation, Munich, July 20-24, 1970||9780720420456\\n1969|Pergamon Press|Programming - Algol|D. J. Malcolme-lawes|9780080063850\\n1970|Manchester U.p.|Programming In Algol|Rohl, J. S. (jeffrey Soden)|9780719004438\\n1972|Mcgraw-hill Education|Algol 60 Programming (computer Science)|R.f. Shepherd|9780070941427\\n1978|Macmillan International Higher Education|Programming And Problem-solving In Algol 68||9781349035618\\n1968|Hodder & Stoughton Ltd|Introduction To Algol Programming (applied Mathematics S.)|R. Wooldridge~john Fuller Ratcliffe|9780340047309\\n1975|Prentice Hall|Structural Programming And Problem Solving With Algol|Richard B. Kieburtz|9780138547370\\n2011||Articles On Algol Programming Language Family, Including|Hephaestus Books|9781243309327\\n1979|Halsted Press|Introductory Algol 68 Programming (computers And Their Applications)|D. F Brailsford|9780470267462\\n1977|Macmillan|Programming And Problem-solving In Algol 68 (macmillan Computer Science Series)|Andrew John Theodore Colin|9780333217160\\n1978|Elsevier|Introduction To The Formal Definition Of Algol 68 (annual Review In Automatic Programming)|Andrew D. Mcgettrick|9780080230566\\n2010||Compilers By Programming Language: Algol 60 Compilers, Assemblers, Basic Compilers, C++ Compilers, Cfml Compilers, C Compilers|Group and Books and LLC|9781157807247",
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    "clocExtensions": "Dockerfile dockerfile",
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    "monaco": "dockerfile",
    "country": "United States",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# This file describes the standard way to build Docker, using docker docker-version 0.4.2 from ubuntu:12.04 maintainer Solomon Hykes <solomon@dotcloud.com> # Build dependencies run apt-get install -y -q curl run apt-get install -y -q git # Install Go run curl -s https://go.googlecode.com/files/go1.1.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz | tar -v -C /usr/local -xz env PATH /usr/local/go/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin env GOPATH /go env CGO_ENABLED 0 run cd /tmp && echo 'package main' > t.go && go test -a -i -v # Download dependencies run PKG=github.com/kr/pty REV=27435c699;   git clone http://$PKG /go/src/$PKG && cd /go/src/$PKG && git checkout -f $REV run PKG=github.com/gorilla/context/ REV=708054d61e5; git clone http://$PKG /go/src/$PKG && cd /go/src/$PKG && git checkout -f $REV run PKG=github.com/gorilla/mux/ REV=9b36453141c;  git clone http://$PKG /go/src/$PKG && cd /go/src/$PKG && git checkout -f $REV # Run dependencies run apt-get install -y iptables # lxc requires updating ubuntu sources run echo 'deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main universe' > /etc/apt/sources.list run apt-get update run apt-get install -y lxc run apt-get install -y aufs-tools # Upload docker source add .       /go/src/github.com/dotcloud/docker # Build the binary run cd /go/src/github.com/dotcloud/docker/docker && go install -ldflags \"-X main.GITCOMMIT '??' -d -w\" env PATH /usr/local/go/bin:/go/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin cmd [\"docker\"]",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/docker",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/asbjornenge/Docker.tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "Dockerfile"
  },
  {
    "id": "praat-script",
    "name": "Praat Script",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/manual/Praat_script.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 541,
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    "pldbScore": 23552,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/praat/praat",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2005,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 1434,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2005,
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    "lab": "Universiteit van Amsterdam",
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    "country": "The Netherlands",
    "example": "clearinfo # print fizzbuzz result procedure fizzbuzz: .i  if .i mod 15 == 0   appendInfoLine: \"fizzbuzz\"  elsif .i mod 3 == 0   appendInfoLine: \"fizz\"  elsif .i mod 5 == 0   appendInfoLine: \"buzz\"  else   appendInfoLine: .i  endif endproc  for i from 1 to 100  @fizzbuzz: i endfor",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/praat/praat",
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    "name": "Emscripten",
    "appeared": 2010,
    "creators": "Alon Zakai",
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "compiler",
    "website": "https://emscripten.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "3.1.60",
    "rank": 542,
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    "pldbScore": 23551,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten",
    "primaryTag": "compiler",
    "githubRepo_created": 2011,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 589,
    "githubRepo_forks": 3254,
    "githubRepo_stars": 25442,
    "githubRepo_issues": 2072,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2010,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 28565,
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    "writtenIn": "c cpp javascript python cmake make restructuredtext html bourne-shell m4 opencl markdown json pascal xml hlsl visual-basic assembly-language yaml typescript css svg nix lua idl powershell tex qt dtd ini llvmir bash",
    "compilesTo": "wasm",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 36244,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 48,
    "inputLanguages": "c cpp",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 3,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emscripten",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "srl",
    "name": "SRL",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "creators": "Karim Geiger",
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "website": "https://simple-regex.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 23550,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/SimpleRegex/SRL-PHP",
    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
    "githubRepo_created": 2016,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2016,
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    "standsFor": "Simple Regex Language",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2016,
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    "repoStats_commits": 61,
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    "domainName_registered": 2016,
    "lab": "https://github.com/SimpleRegex",
    "writtenIn": "php markdown json xml yaml",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2142,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 21,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Estonia",
    "example": "begin with any of (digit, letter, one of \"._%+-\") once or more, literally \"@\", any of (digit, letter, one of \".-\") once or more, literally \".\", letter at least 2 times, must end, case insensitive",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/SimpleRegex/SRL-PHP",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "simple-regex.com"
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    "id": "filebench-wml",
    "name": "Filebench WML",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "creators": "Vasily Tarasov",
    "measurements": 23,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://github.com/filebench/filebench/wiki",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "1.4.9",
    "rank": 544,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/filebench/filebench",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "none",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2016,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2011,
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    "githubRepo_description": "Filebench is a file system and storage benchmark that can generate a large variety of workloads. Unlike typical benchmarks it is extremely flexible and allows to specify application's I/O behavior using its extensive Workload Model Language (WML).",
    "lab": "https://github.com/filebench",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Filebench is a file system and storage benchmark that can generate a large variety of workloads. Unlike typical benchmarks it is extremely flexible and allows to specify application's I/O behavior using its extensive Workload Model Language (WML).",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "f",
    "writtenIn": "fortran-77 c make cpp yacc m4 lex",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 721,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 31,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 1,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://github.com/filebench/filebench/wiki/Workload-model-language",
    "example": "# # CDDL HEADER START # # The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the # Common Development and Distribution License (the \"License\"). # You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # # You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE # or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions # and limitations under the License. # # When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each # file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE. # If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the # fields enclosed by brackets \"[]\" replaced with your own identifying # information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner] # # CDDL HEADER END # # # Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved. # Use is subject to license terms. #  set $dir=/tmp set $nfiles=1000 set $meandirwidth=20 set $meanfilesize=16k set $iosize=1m set $nthreads=1  set mode quit firstdone  define fileset name=bigfileset,path=$dir,size=$meanfilesize,entries=$nfiles,dirwidth=$meandirwidth,prealloc=100,paralloc define fileset name=destfiles,path=$dir,size=$meanfilesize,entries=$nfiles,dirwidth=$meandirwidth  define process name=filereader,instances=1 {   thread name=filereaderthread,memsize=10m,instances=$nthreads   {     flowop openfile name=openfile1,filesetname=bigfileset,fd=1     flowop readwholefile name=readfile1,fd=1,iosize=$iosize     flowop createfile name=createfile2,filesetname=destfiles,fd=2     flowop writewholefile name=writefile2,fd=2,srcfd=1,iosize=$iosize     flowop closefile name=closefile1,fd=1     flowop closefile name=closefile2,fd=2   } }  echo  \"Copyfiles Version 3.0 personality successfully loaded\" ",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/filebench/filebench",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "Filebench WML",
    "githubLanguage": "Filebench WML"
  },
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    "id": "inform",
    "name": "Inform",
    "appeared": 1993,
    "creators": "Graham Nelson",
    "measurements": 25,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://inform7.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 545,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 23541,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 56,
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    "githubLanguage_repos": 1046854,
    "githubLanguage_wrap": true,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "i7 or inform7",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.inform7",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "i/Inform.inform",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 29,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2016,
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "int_fiction.py",
    "domainName_registered": 2009,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1993,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux z-machine basic tads isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Inform is a programming language and design system for interactive fiction originally created in 1993 by Graham Nelson. Inform can generate programs designed for the Z-code or Glulx virtual machines. Versions 1 through 5 were released between 1993 and 1996. Around 1996, Nelson rewrote Inform from first principles to create version 6 (or Inform 6). Over the following decade, version 6 became reasonably stable and a popular language for writing interactive fiction. In 2006, Nelson released Inform 7 (briefly known as Natural Inform), a completely new language based on principles of natural language and a new set of tools based around a book-publishing metaphor.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 73,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 129,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 426,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 227989,
    "lab": "https://inform-fiction.org/",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "ni i7x",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "inform",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "ni i7x",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 586,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 26,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "docs": "https://ganelson.github.io/inform-website/doc/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 5526,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "helloWorldCollection": "!  \"Hello world\" in Inform [ Main;   print \"Hello world^\"; ]; ",
    "leachim6_example": "\"Hello World\" by \"I.F. Author\"  The world is a room.  When play begins, say \"Hello World\" ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "\"Test Case\" by Andrew Plotkin.  Include Trivial Extension by Andrew Plotkin.  Volume 1 - overview  Chapter - setting the scene  The Kitchen is a room.  [Comment: this kitchen is modelled after the one in Zork, although it lacks the detail to establish this to the player.]  Section - the kitchen table  The spicerack is a container in the Kitchen.  Table of Spices Name Flavor \"cinnamon\" 5 \"nutmeg\" 4 \"szechuan pepper\"  8  The description of the spicerack is \"It's mostly empty.\"  Chapter - a character  A purple cow called Gelett is in the Kitchen.  [This comment spans multiple lines..  ...and this line contains [nested square[] brackets]...  ...which is legal in Inform 7.]  Instead of examining Gelett:  say \"You'd rather see than be one.\"  Instead of examining Gelett:  say \"You'd rather see than be one.\"  Check smelling Gelett:  say \"This text contains several lines.  A blank line is displayed as a paragraph break, but a simple line break is not.\";  stop the action.  Section - cow catching  Gelett has a number called the mooness.  Instead of taking Gelett:  increment the mooness of Gelett;  if the mooness of Gelett is one:    say \"Gelett moos once.\";  else:    say \"Gelett moos [mooness of Gelett in words] times.\";  Volume 2 - the turn cycle  Every turn:  say \"A turn passes[one of][or] placidly[or] idly[or] tediously[at random].\" ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Inform 7",
    "wikipedia_example": "\"Hello Deductible\" by \"I.F. Author\"  The story headline is \"An Interactive Example\".  The Living Room is a room. \"A comfortably furnished living room.\" The Kitchen is north of the Living Room. The Front Door is south of the Living Room. The Front Door is a door. The Front Door is closed and locked.  The insurance salesman is a man in the Living Room. The description is \"An insurance salesman in a tacky polyester suit. He seems eager to speak to you.\" Understand \"man\" as the insurance salesman.  A briefcase is carried by the insurance salesman. The description is \"A slightly worn, black briefcase.\"  Understand \"case\" as the briefcase.  The insurance paperwork is in the briefcase. The description is \"Page after page of small legalese.\" Understand \"papers\" or \"documents\" or \"forms\" as the paperwork.  Instead of listening to the insurance salesman:  say \"The salesman bores you with a discussion of life  insurance policies.  From his briefcase he pulls some paperwork which he hands to you.\";  move the insurance paperwork to the player.",
    "leachim6": "Inform",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasSemanticIndentation": true,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inform",
    "bookCount": 2,
    "paperCount": 5,
    "tiobe": "Inform",
    "domainName": "inform7.com",
    "githubBigQuery": "Inform 7",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/erkyrath/language-inform7",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2010|Cengage Learning PTR|Creating Interactive Fiction with Inform 7|Reed, Aaron|9781435455061\\n2010|Cengage Learning|Creating Interactive Fiction With Inform 7, 1st Edition|Aaron Reed|9781435456044",
    "githubLanguage": "Inform 7",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2015|\"Risk tells us who, but not what or how\"\" empirical assessment of the complexity of criminogenic needs to inform correctional programming\"|10.1111/1745-9133.12116|83|7|F. Taxman and Michael Caudy|4f30eee81fca9b7245fb56614b9fb17dbca51e51\\n2018|Dyadic Team Interaction and Shared Cognition to Inform Human-Robot Teaming|10.1177/1541931218621028|5|0|Mustafa Demir and Nathan J. Mcneese and N. Cooke|e945025d277c504177381151cd1660f7978a42f6\\n2010|Experience report: using hackage to inform language design|10.1145/1863523.1863531|5|3|J. Garrett Morris|66b79681c5df7796e575a514a517fe374126bd7c\\n2021|Using Text Mining Tools to Inform Search Term Generation: An Introduction for Librarians|10.1353/pla.2021.0032|2|0|B. McGowan|97449aa1701fa6d6b3e5a4b6d4f228d82d83c279\\n2020|Utilizing Web Scraping and Natural Language Processing to Better Inform Pedagogical Practice|10.1109/FIE44824.2020.9274270|1|0|Stephanie J. Lunn and Jia Zhu and Monique S. Ross|a95e90c6c9c5753339e93548eebdcde1ea5b27e2"
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    "id": "m3db",
    "name": "m3db",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "creators": "Xi Chen",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "database",
    "website": "https://www.m3db.io/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v1.5.0",
    "rank": 546,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 17,
    "pldbScore": 23540,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/m3db/m3",
    "primaryTag": "database",
    "githubRepo_created": 2016,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2016,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 113,
    "githubRepo_forks": 450,
    "githubRepo_stars": 4709,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2016,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 8808,
    "repoStats_committers": 160,
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    "repoStats_mb": 108,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 176187,
    "domainName_registered": 2018,
    "description": "A distributed time series database.",
    "githubRepo_description": "A distributed time series database.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/m3db",
    "rijuRepl_description": "A distributed time series database.",
    "writtenIn": "go markdown yaml bourne-shell svg protobuf json javascript dockerfile html css make hcl toml bash thrift assembly-language",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 6221,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 31,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 1,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "United States",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/m3db/m3",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "m3db.io"
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  {
    "id": "argdown",
    "name": "Argdown",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "measurements": 20,
    "tags": "textMarkup",
    "website": "https://argdown.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 547,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 11,
    "pldbScore": 23540,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/christianvoigt/argdown",
    "primaryTag": "textMarkup",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 27,
    "githubRepo_forks": 28,
    "githubRepo_stars": 860,
    "githubRepo_issues": 149,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2014,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 997,
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    "repoStats_mb": 101,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 711553,
    "webRepl": "https://argdown.org/sandbox/html",
    "domainName_registered": 2018,
    "lab": "Karlsruhe Institute of Technology",
    "writtenIn": "typescript markdown json javascript svg css html xml bourne-shell stylus powershell",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 954,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 34,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "visualParadigm": true,
    "country": "Germany",
    "example": " # Welcome to Argdown!   [Intro]: Argdown is a simple syntax for defining argumentative  structures, inspired by Markdown.    + Writing a *pro & contra list* in Argdown is as      simple as writing a twitter message (actually we are      right in the middle of one).    + But you can also      **logically reconstruct** more complex dialectical      relations between arguments or dive into      the details of their premise-conclusion structures.    + Finally, you can export Argdown as a graph and create      **argument maps** of whole debates.   This Argdown document only demonstrates the basic syntax elements.  The argument map produced is a \"bogus debate\".   To read a reconstruction of a *real* debate, select one of the  **example debates** by moving your mouse to the *\"Examples\"* button  on the upper left, above the text editor.   ## Argdown Basics   This is a normal statement with __bold__ and _italic_ text,  a #tag and a [link](https://github.com/christianvoigt/argdown-parser).   [Statement 1]: Another statement (after a blank line),  this time with a title defined in square brackets.  We can use the title to refer to this statement later  or mention it in other statements. #(Another tag)   [Statement 2]: Let's do that now: The previous  statement was @[Statement 1].    + <Argument title>: Statements can be supported      by __arguments__. Arguments are defined by      using angle brackets. #tag    - <Another argument>: This arguments attacks @[Statement 2]. #tag      - <Yet another argument>: Arguments can also        be supported or attacked. #yet-another-tag        <!--        By the way,        this is a multiline comment.        -->   We can also do that the other way around:   [Intro]    -> <Argument 1>   Headings can be used to group arguments and statements together.  In the map these groups are visualized as grey boxes.   Tags are visualized by the colors of the arguments and statements in the map.   ### Argument reconstructions   So far, we have ignored the internal structure of arguments. Arguments  consist of premises from which conclusions are inferred. We can precisely  define this premise-conclusion structure with Argdown:   <Argument 1>   (1) First premise (this is is a normal statement      and you can do everything with it, we have done      with the statements above).  (2) [Statement 2]: We have already defined a statement      with this title.      Argdown allows you to add multiple statements      to the same \"equivalence class\" by giving them      the same title. The statements will then be treated      as logically equivalent.  --  Some inference rule (Some additional info: 1,2)  --  (3) And now the conclusion    -> Outgoing relations of the conclusion,    are also interpreted as outgoing relations of    the whole argument.    +> <Yet another argument>    <!--    The second relation is only \"sketched\",    because it does not declare which premise    of @<Argument 2> is supported.    (At this point this is not possible,    as we have not yet reconstructed @<Argument 2>)    -->    -> [Statement 1]     We can also link to headings:    [Back to top](#heading-welcome-to-argdown)",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/christianvoigt/argdown",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "<!-- -->",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "argdown.org"
  },
  {
    "id": "turing",
    "name": "Turing",
    "appeared": 1982,
    "creators": "Ric Holt",
    "measurements": 27,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 548,
    "exampleCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 23539,
    "hoplId": 1023,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 153,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 167,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 524,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.turing",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "t/Turing.t",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 62,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2016,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2017,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Turing is a Pascal-like programming language developed in 1982 by Ric Holt and James Cordy, then of University of Toronto, Canada. Turing is a descendant of Euclid, Pascal and SP/k that features a clean syntax and precise machine-independent semantics. Turing 4.1.0 is the latest stable version of Turing. Turing 4.1.1 and Turing 4.1.2 do not allow for stand alone .EXE files to be created and versions before Turing 4.1.0 have outdated syntax and outdated functions.",
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    "country": "Canada",
    "example": "% Accepts a number and calculates its factorial  function factorial (n: int) : real      if n = 0 then           result 1      else           result n * factorial (n - 1)      end if end factorial  var n: int loop      put \"Please input an integer: \" ..      get n      exit when n >= 0      put \"Input must be a non-negative integer.\" end loop  put \"The factorial of \", n, \" is \", factorial (n)",
    "leachim6_example": "put \"Hello World\" ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "% Accepts a number and calculates its factorial  function factorial (n: int) : real  if n = 0 then   result 1  else   result n * factorial (n - 1)    end if end factorial  var n: int loop  put \"Please input an integer: \" ..  get n  exit when n >= 0  put \"Input must be a non-negative integer.\" end loop  put \"The factorial of \", n, \" is \", factorial (n)",
    "wikipedia_example": "% Accepts a number and calculates its factorial    function factorial (n: int) : real       if n = 0 then            result 1       else            result n * factorial (n - 1)       end if  end factorial    var n: int  loop       put \"Please input an integer: \" ..       get n       exit when n >= 0       put \"Input must be a non-negative integer.\"  end loop    put \"The factorial of \", n, \" is \", factorial (n)",
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    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_(programming_language)",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1023",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1995|Springer|Programming with Turing and Object Oriented Turing (Mathematics)|Grogono, Peter|9780387945170\\n1984|Brady (robert J.) Co ,u.s.|Introduction To Computer Science Using The Turing Programming Language|R.c. Holt; J.n.p. Hume|9780835931670\\n2021-01-08T00:00:01Z|No Starch Press|Racket Programming the Fun Way: From Strings to Turing Machines|Stelly, James. W.|9781718500822\\n2021|No Starch Press|Racket Programming the Fun Way: From Strings to Turing Machines|Stelly, James. W.|9781718500839\\n2005|The MIT Press|Turing (A Novel about Computation)|Papadimitriou, Christos H.|9780262250788\\n1989-05-01T00:00:01Z|W H Freeman & Co|Turing Omnibus: 61 Excursions in Computer Science|Dewdney, A. K.|9780716781547\\n2016|Springer|Turing Computability: Theory and Applications (Theory and Applications of Computability)|Soare, Robert I.|9783642319327\\n2016|Springer|Turing Computability: Theory and Applications (Theory and Applications of Computability)|Soare, Robert I.|9783642319334\\n2007|Springer|Parsing the Turing Test: Philosophical and Methodological Issues in the Quest for the Thinking Computer|Jan Naudts|9781402067105\\n2012|Birkhäuser|Neural Networks and Analog Computation: Beyond the Turing Limit (Progress in Theoretical Computer Science)|Siegelmann, Hava T.|9781461207078\\n2013|人民邮电出版社|Turing Programming Series : SQL must know will be ( 4th Edition )(Chinese Edition)|[美]Ben Forta 钟鸣，刘晓霞|9787115313980\\n2020|Princeton University Press|A Hierarchy of Turing Degrees: A Transfinite Hierarchy of Lowness Notions in the Computably Enumerable Degrees, Unifying Classes, and Natural Definability (AMS-206) (Annals of Mathematics Studies)|Downey, Rod and Greenberg, Noam|9780691200217\\n1987|Addison-Wesley|Structured Induction in Expert Systems (The Turing Institute Press)|Shapiro, Alen D.|9780201178135\\n2013|人民邮电出版社|Turing Programming Series : C # Graphic Guide ( 4th Edition )(Chinese Edition)|[美]Daniel M.Solis 姚琪琳，苏林，朱晔，等|9787115320902\\n2003-04-29T00:00:01Z|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|COSMOS AND CONSCIOUSNESS: Quantum Computers, SuperStrings, Programming, Egypt, Quarks, Mind Body Problem, and Turing Machines|Blaha, Stephen|9780972079549\\n2002-07-18T00:00:01Z|Janus Associates Inc.|Cosmos and Consciousness: Quantum Computers, SuperStrings, Programming, Egypt, Quarks, Mind Body Problem, and Turing Machines Second Edition|Blaha, Stephen|9780972079556\\n2014|Springer|Programming with Turing and Object Oriented Turing|Grogono, Peter|9781461242390\\n2014|People Post Press|Turing Programming Series: Learning R(Chinese Edition)|[ MEI ] Richard.Cotton|9787115351708\\n20170530|Springer Nature|Philosophical Explorations of the Legacy of Alan Turing|Manuel Gessner|9783319532806\\n2001|North Holland|Mathematical Logic (Collected Works of A.M. Turing Book 4)|Gandy, R. O. and Yates, C. E. M.|9780080535920\\n2013|People Post Press|Turing Programming Series: Ming Xie C language(Chinese Edition)|[ RI ] CHAI TIAN WANG YANG|9787115299796\\n2013-04-01|People Post Press|Turing Programming Series: Learn the regular expression(Chinese Edition)|[ MEI ]Michael Fitzgerald|9787115311498\\n2014|People Post Press|Marrow Turing programming books Code: Programming Language Core Concepts(Chinese Edition)|[ RI ] XI WEI TAI HE|9787115361530\\n2013|Springer|Computing Nature: Turing Centenary Perspective (Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics Book 7)|Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic|9783642372254\\n2014|People Post Press|Turing programming books 30 days of software development: Farewell to embrace agile waterfall(Chinese Edition)|[ MEI ] Ken Schwaber . Jeff Sut...|9787115338891\\n2013|People Post Press|Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture Volume 2: Concurrency and networking Turing programming object model series(Chinese Edition)|[ MEI ]Douglas Schmidt , [ DE ]Michael Stal , [ DE ]Hans Rohnert|9787115332141\\n2012||Turing (programming Language)|Emory Christer|9786201736108\\n2001|Holt Software Associates|Introduction To Programming In Turing|J. N. P. Hume|9780921598428\\n||Method Of Lines Analysis Of Turing Models|W. E. Schiesser|9789813226708\\n1988|Prentice Hall|The Turing Programming Language: Design And Definition|Richard C. Holt and Philip A. Matthews and J. Alan Rosselet and James R. Cordy|9780139331367\\n20170628|World Scientific Publishing|Method Of Lines Analysis Of Turing Models|William E Schiesser|9789813226715\\n1984|Reston Pub. Co|Introduction To Computer Science Using The Turing Programming Language|Holt and R. C|9780835931687\\n2002|Pingree Hill Pub 2002-06-01|Cosmos And Consciousness: Quantum Computers, Superstrings, Programming, Egypt, Quarks, Mind Body Problem, And Turing Machines|Blaha and Stephen|9780972079518\\n2000|1st Books Library|Cosmos And Consciousness: Quantum Computers, Superstrings, Mysticism, C++ Programming, Egypt, Quarks, Mind-body Problem, Aliens, Linguistics, And Turing Machines|Blaha, Stephen.|9780759602083",
    "githubLanguage": "Turing",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1988|The Turing programming language|10.1145/53580.53581|114|7|R. Holt and J. Cordy|7306df441c399654c31cce482fb3ad6df48b38df\\n1994|Turing completeness in the language of genetic programming with indexed memory|10.1109/ICEC.1994.350027|90|6|Astro Teller|ba47de24709d420f40237974c70a3b36193f2e5e\\n1993|Real-time deques, multihead Turing machines, and purely functional programming|10.1145/165180.165225|29|3|Tyng-Ruey Chuang and B. Goldberg|9f7bd031383264d27aa7806176ecd82192ba8138\\n2020|Can GPT-3 Pass a Writer’s Turing Test?|10.22148/001C.17212|19|0|Katherine Elkins and Jon Chun|ee2a011810b5442c28b66f97422564de02a4e319\\n2014|Mathematical programming: Turing completeness and applications to software analysis|10.1007/s10878-014-9715-3|16|0|Leo Liberti and F. Marinelli|9e2600e25dac039040d699bdf5057233e7bb8bfa\\n2020|Verified programming of Turing machines in Coq|10.1145/3372885.3373816|16|0|Y. Forster and F. Kunze and Maximilian Wuttke|5ad36475e45e3f17be1d5cd5a77154cfba2a6994\\n1994|Introducing undergraduates to object orientation using the Turing language|10.1145/191029.191160|6|0|R. Holt|4ebbe3cbae981a963a41ada74c733beae64c5d79\\n2002|Turing Universality of Recursive Patterns for Parallel Programming|10.1142/S012962640200094X|5|0|J. Fischer and S. Gorlatch|68fdb6c171d4c0915cc418965a00a0f6f9316eb5\\n2012|Higher Types, Finite Domains and Resource-bounded Turing Machines|10.1093/logcom/exq009|4|0|L. Kristiansen|91ccdad2fa0eb9c0d8db41545fa5f6cc64c452d1\\n2008|Using Genetic Programming for Turing Machine Induction|10.1007/978-3-540-78671-9_30|4|1|A. Naidoo and N. Pillay|7d6d7d9a291f0d15ef10abbd12daf2cf4cb93e2d\\n2014|Turing machine approach to runtime software adaptation|10.7494/csci.2014.15.3.293|2|0|J. Rudy|51524898bc4db7b543126e498cf75a813958cf71\\n2020|Declarative and Imperative Approaches for Proving Turing Completeness of SPIDER|10.1145/3407982.3407993|1|0|E. Golemanova and T. Golemanov|27709fa8bb403d1a0198a88c5a4f34e9e4b1b362"
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    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "textMarkup",
    "website": "https://sile-typesetter.org",
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "repoStats_commits": 6921,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 134055,
    "domainName_registered": 2014,
    "description": "SILE is a typesetting system. Its job is to produce beautiful printed documents from raw content.",
    "githubRepo_description": "SILE is a typesetting system. Its job is to produce beautiful printed documents from raw content.",
    "lab": "Worldview Center for Intercultural Studies",
    "rijuRepl_description": "SILE is a typesetting system. Its job is to produce beautiful printed documents from raw content.",
    "writtenIn": "lua yaml xml c m4 bourne-shell diff nix svg markdown make cmake json cpp tex objective-c dockerfile javascript",
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    "related": "latex",
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    "country": "Australia",
    "reference": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22393099",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/sile-typesetter/sile",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "sile-typesetter.org"
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    "name": "Nix",
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    "measurements": 21,
    "tags": "packageManager",
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    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 84,
    "inboundLinks": "ace ante asciidots asterius-compiler austral borgo candy carp catala chisel clash cloc coq crystal dex dhall differential-datalog ecr emscripten enso erg expresso factor fardlang felix forest-lang fp3 fstar futhark ghc gwion hhvm hobbes ibis idris imp-lang jakt jank k-framework ladybird lamdu-editor lamdu lawvere lfortran ligo lil luna megaparsec michelson minizinc mlscript mobl-lang monte mushroom odin oil openscad pact poke popr prql pygments quint ramen raptorjit reason reflex-framework rholang roc savi sile simplictiy slab slick surrealdb terra ucg uiua unison urweb vcpkg-pm wasmer worst zest",
    "primaryTag": "packageManager",
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 3,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjects": "author name avatar url language languageColor stars forks currentPeriodStars description\\nNixOS nixpkgs https://github.com/NixOS.png https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs Nix #7e7eff 4149 3954 134 \"Nix Packages collection\"\\nrycee home-manager https://github.com/rycee.png https://github.com/rycee/home-manager Nix #7e7eff 712 225 38 \"Manage a user environment using Nix\"",
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "nixos",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "nix",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.nix",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 36,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 5,
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "nix.py",
    "lab": "NixOS Foundation",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "nix",
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    "isOpenSource": "true",
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    "clocExtensions": "nix",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Nix",
    "country": "The Netherlands",
    "reference": "https://nixos.org/",
    "example": "{  boot.loader.grub.device = \"/dev/sda\";   fileSystems.\"/\".device = \"/dev/sda1\";   services.sshd.enable = true; }",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "{ stdenv, fetchurl, fetchgit, openssl, zlib, pcre, libxml2, libxslt, expat , rtmp ? false , fullWebDAV ? false , syslog ? false , moreheaders ? false, ...}:  let   version = \"1.4.4\";   mainSrc = fetchurl {     url = \"http://nginx.org/download/nginx-${version}.tar.gz\";     sha256 = \"1f82845mpgmhvm151fhn2cnqjggw9w7cvsqbva9rb320wmc9m63w\";   };    rtmp-ext = fetchgit {     url = git://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module.git;     rev = \"1cfb7aeb582789f3b15a03da5b662d1811e2a3f1\";     sha256 = \"03ikfd2l8mzsjwx896l07rdrw5jn7jjfdiyl572yb9jfrnk48fwi\";   };    dav-ext = fetchgit {     url = git://github.com/arut/nginx-dav-ext-module.git;     rev = \"54cebc1f21fc13391aae692c6cce672fa7986f9d\";     sha256 = \"1dvpq1fg5rslnl05z8jc39sgnvh3akam9qxfl033akpczq1bh8nq\";   };    syslog-ext = fetchgit {     url = https://github.com/yaoweibin/nginx_syslog_patch.git;     rev = \"165affd9741f0e30c4c8225da5e487d33832aca3\";     sha256 = \"14dkkafjnbapp6jnvrjg9ip46j00cr8pqc2g7374z9aj7hrvdvhs\";   };    moreheaders-ext = fetchgit {     url = https://github.com/agentzh/headers-more-nginx-module.git;     rev = \"refs/tags/v0.23\";     sha256 = \"12pbjgsxnvcf2ff2i2qdn39q4cm5czlgrng96j8ml4cgxvnbdh39\";   }; in  stdenv.mkDerivation rec {   name = \"nginx-${version}\";   src = mainSrc;    buildInputs = [ openssl zlib pcre libxml2 libxslt     ] ++ stdenv.lib.optional fullWebDAV expat;    patches = if syslog then [ \"${syslog-ext}/syslog_1.4.0.patch\" ] else [];    configureFlags = [     \"--with-http_ssl_module\"     \"--with-http_spdy_module\"     \"--with-http_xslt_module\"     \"--with-http_sub_module\"     \"--with-http_dav_module\"     \"--with-http_gzip_static_module\"     \"--with-http_secure_link_module\"     \"--with-ipv6\"     # Install destination problems     # \"--with-http_perl_module\"   ] ++ stdenv.lib.optional rtmp \"--add-module=${rtmp-ext}\"     ++ stdenv.lib.optional fullWebDAV \"--add-module=${dav-ext}\"     ++ stdenv.lib.optional syslog \"--add-module=${syslog-ext}\"     ++ stdenv.lib.optional moreheaders \"--add-module=${moreheaders-ext}\";    preConfigure = ''     export NIX_CFLAGS_COMPILE=\"$NIX_CFLAGS_COMPILE -I${libxml2 }/include/libxml2\"   '';    # escape example   postInstall = ''     mv $out/sbin $out/bin ''' ''${    ${ if true then ${ \"\" } else false }   '';    meta = {     description = \"A reverse proxy and lightweight webserver\";     maintainers = [ stdenv.lib.maintainers.raskin];     platforms = stdenv.lib.platforms.all;     inherit version;   }; }",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Nix",
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    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "githubBigQuery": "Nix",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/wmertens/sublime-nix",
    "githubLanguage": "Nix"
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    "id": "chisel",
    "name": "chisel",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "hardwareDescriptionLanguage",
    "website": "https://www.chisel-lang.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v7.0.0-M1",
    "rank": 551,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 14,
    "pldbScore": 23525,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/freechipsproject/chisel3",
    "primaryTag": "hardwareDescriptionLanguage",
    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2015,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 151,
    "githubRepo_forks": 579,
    "githubRepo_stars": 3854,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2015,
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    "repoStats_commits": 10399,
    "repoStats_committers": 231,
    "repoStats_files": 826,
    "repoStats_mb": 134,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 33422,
    "domainName_registered": 2016,
    "lab": "University of California Berkeley",
    "writtenIn": "scala markdown yaml scheme svg javascript json python make css cpp nix dockerfile xml",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 5824,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 7,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://chisel.eecs.berkeley.edu/",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/chisel_lang",
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  },
  {
    "id": "reia",
    "name": "Reia",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "measurements": 20,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://reia-lang.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 552,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 5,
    "pldbScore": 23525,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/tarcieri/reia",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2008,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2008,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 14,
    "githubRepo_forks": 41,
    "githubRepo_stars": 777,
    "githubRepo_issues": 7,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2008,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2012,
    "repoStats_commits": 1465,
    "repoStats_committers": 14,
    "repoStats_files": 110,
    "repoStats_mb": 8,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 7860,
    "domainName_registered": 2008,
    "lab": "https://github.com/tarcieri/reia/issues",
    "writtenIn": "reason erlang bourne-shell ruby markdown",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 916,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 28,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "http://www.unlimitednovelty.com/2011/06/why-im-stopping-work-on-reia.html",
    "example": "# Hello, world! \"Hello, world!\".puts()  # Assignment number = 42 opposite = true  # Conditions number = -42 if opposite  # Lists (stored as immutable singly-linked lists) list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]  # Tuples (think of them as immutable arrays) tuple = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)  # Atoms (known as symbols to Ruby people) # Think of them as an open-ended enumeration atom = :up_and_atom  # Dicts (also known as hashes to Ruby people) dict = {:foo => 1, :bar => 2, :baz => 3}  # Strings (unlike Erlang, Reia has a real String type!) string = \"I'm a string! Woohoo I'm a string! #{'And I interpolate too!'}\"  # Ranges range = 0..42  # Funs (anonymous functions, a.k.a. lambdas, procs, closures, etc.) # Calling me with plustwo(40) would return 42 plustwo = fun(n) { n + 2 }  # Modules (collections of functions) # Calling Plusser.addtwo(40) would return 42 module Plusser   def addtwo(n)     n + 2   end end  # Classes (of immutable objects. Once created objects can't be changed!) class Adder   # Reia supports binding instance variables directly when they're passed   # as arguments to initialize   def initialize(@n); end    def plus(n)     @n + n   end end  # Instantiate classes by calling Classname(arg1, arg2, ...) # For you Ruby people who want Classname.new(...) this is coming soon! fortytwo = Adder(40).plus(2)  # Function references can be obtained by omitting parens from a function call, # like JavaScript or Python numbers = [1,2,3] reverser = [1,2,3].reverse  # Function references can be invoked just like lambdas reversed = reverser() # reversed is now [3,2,1]  # You can add a ! to the end of any method to rebind the method receiver to # the return value of the given method minus the bang. numbers.reverse!() # numbers is now [3,2,1]  # List comprehensions doubled = [n * 2 for n in numbers] # doubled is [6,4,2]",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/tarcieri/reia",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "printToken": "puts",
    "assignmentToken": "=",
    "hasAssignment": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "reia-lang.org",
    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|url|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n1889905|Reia - Ruby's powerful syntax with Erlang concurrency and fault-tolerance|http://reia-lang.org/|2010-11-10 11:10:55 UTC|1289387455|rubyrescue|1|2"
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  {
    "id": "sympy",
    "name": "SymPy",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "creators": "Ondrej Certik",
    "measurements": 13,
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    "domainName_registered": 2005,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Lasso is an application server and server management interface used to develop internet applications and is a general-purpose, high-level programming language. Originally a web datasource connection tool, for Filemaker and later included in Apple Computer's FileMaker 4.0 and Claris Homepage as CDML, it has since evolved into a complex language used to develop and serve large-scale internet applications and web pages. Lasso includes a simple template system allowing code to control generation of HTML and other content types. Lasso is object-oriented and every value is an object. It also supports procedural programming through unbound methods. The language uses traits and multiple dispatch extensively. Lasso has a dynamic type system, where objects can be loaded and augmented at runtime, automatic memory management, a comprehensive standard library, and three compiling methodologies: dynamic (comparable to PHP-Python), just-in-time compilation (comparable to Java or .NET Framework), and pre-compiled (comparable to C). Lasso also supports Query Expressions, allowing elements within arrays and other types of sequences to be iterated, filtered, and manipulated using a natural language syntax similar to SQL. Lasso includes full Unicode character support in the standard string object, allowing it to serve and support multi-byte characters such as Japanese and Swedish, and supports transparent UTF-8 conversion when writing string data to the network or file system. Lasso is often used as a scripting language, and also used in a wide range of non-scripting contexts. Lasso code can be packaged into standalone executable programs called \"LassoApps\", in which folder structures are compiled into single files. The Lasso Server application server runs as a system service and receives requests from the web server through FastCGI. It then hands the request off to the appropriate Lasso Instance, which formulates the response. Multiple individual instances are supported, allowing one server to handle multiple sites, each as separate processes. The server uses a high performance IO-based green threading system designed for multi-core systems. Lasso can be compared to the server-side scripting languages PHP and Python, ColdFusion, Ruby, etc. Free for development, Lasso allows partial access to its source code, allowing developers to add or change major components of the language (for example, Ke Carlton's DS implementation of the Lasso Inline). Licensing comes in both SAS and stand-alone versions.",
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    "country": "Canada",
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'%QT%TZ' | '%Q%T') + '\"') /* define json_serialize(e::array)::string => {  local(output) = '';  local(delimit) = '';  #e->foreach => { #output += #delimit + json_serialize(#1); #delimit = ', '; }  return('[' + #output + ']'); } define json_serialize(e::staticarray)::string => {  local(output) = '';  local(delimit) = '';  #e->foreach => { #output += #delimit + json_serialize(#1); #delimit = ', '; }  return('[' + #output + ']'); } */ define json_serialize(e::trait_forEach)::string => {  local(output) = '';  local(delimit) = '';  #e->foreach => { #output += #delimit + json_serialize(#1); #delimit = ', '; }  return('[' + #output + ']'); } define json_serialize(e::map)::string => {  local(output = with pr in #e->eachPair      select json_serialize(#pr->first->asString) + ': ' + json_serialize(#pr->second))  return '{' + #output->join(',') + '}' } define json_serialize(e::json_object)::string => {  local(output) = '';  local(delimit) = '';  #e->foreachpair => { #output += #delimit + #1->first + ': ' + json_serialize(#1->second); #delimit = ', '; }  return('{' + #output + '}'); } define json_serialize(e::trait_json_serialize) => #e->asString define json_serialize(e::any)::string => json_serialize('<LassoNativeType>' + #e->serialize + '</LassoNativeType>')  // Bil Corry fixes for decoding json define json_consume_string(ibytes::bytes) => {  local(obytes) = bytes;  local(temp) = 0;  while((#temp := #ibytes->export8bits) != 34);   #obytes->import8bits(#temp);   (#temp == 92) ? #obytes->import8bits(#ibytes->export8bits); // Escape \\   /while;  local(output = string(#obytes)->unescape)  //Replace('\\\\\"', '\\\"') & Replace('\\\\r', '\\r') & Replace('\\\\n', '\\n') & Replace('\\\\t', '\\t') & Replace('\\\\f', '\\f') & Replace('\\\\b', '\\b') &;  if(#output->BeginsWith('<LassoNativeType>') && #output->EndsWith('</LassoNativeType>'));   Protect;    return serialization_reader(xml(#output - '<LassoNativeType>' - '</LassoNativeType>'))->read   /Protect;  else( (#output->size == 16 or #output->size == 15) and regexp(`\\d{8}T\\d{6}Z?`, '', #output)->matches)   return date(#output, -Format=#output->size == 16?`yyyyMMdd'T'HHmmssZ`|`yyyyMMdd'T'HHmmss`)  /if  return #output }  // Bil Corry fix + Ke fix define json_consume_token(ibytes::bytes, temp::integer) => {   local(obytes = bytes->import8bits(#temp) &,   delimit = array(9, 10, 13, 32, 44, 58, 93, 125)) // \\t\\r\\n ,:]}   while(#delimit !>> (#temp := #ibytes->export8bits))   #obytes->import8bits(#temp)  /while   #temp == 125? // }   #ibytes->marker -= 1 //============================================================================ // Is also end of token if end of array[]  #temp == 93? // ]   #ibytes->marker -= 1 //............................................................................   local(output = string(#obytes))  #output == 'true'?   return true  #output == 'false'?   return false  #output == 'null'?   return null  string_IsNumeric(#output)?  return (#output >> '.')? decimal(#output) | integer(#output)   return #output }  // Bil Corry fix define json_consume_array(ibytes::bytes)::array => {  Local(output) = array;  local(delimit) = array( 9, 10, 13, 32, 44); // \\t\\r\\n ,  local(temp) = 0;  While((#temp := #ibytes->export8bits) != 93); // ]   If(#delimit >> #temp);    // Discard whitespace   Else(#temp == 34); // \"    #output->insert(json_consume_string(#ibytes));   Else(#temp == 91); // [    #output->insert(json_consume_array(#ibytes));   Else(#temp == 123); // {    #output->insert(json_consume_object(#ibytes));   Else;    #output->insert(json_consume_token(#ibytes, #temp));    (#temp == 93) ? Loop_Abort;   /If;  /While;  Return(#output); }  // Bil Corry fix define json_consume_object(ibytes::bytes)::map => {  Local('output' = map,   'delimit' = array( 9, 10, 13, 32, 44), // \\t\\r\\n ,   'temp' = 0,   'key' = null,   'val' = null);  While((#temp := #ibytes->export8bits) != 125); // }   If(#delimit >> #temp);    // Discard whitespace   Else((#key !== null) && (#temp == 34)); // \"    #output->insert(#key = json_consume_string(#ibytes));    #key = null;   Else((#key !== null) && (#temp == 91)); // [    #output->insert(#key = json_consume_array(#ibytes));    #key = null;   Else((#key !== null) && (#temp == 123)); // {    #output->insert(#key = json_consume_object(#ibytes));    #key = null;   Else((#key !== null));    #output->insert(#key = json_consume_token(#ibytes, #temp));    #key = null;   Else;    #key = json_consume_string(#ibytes);    while(#delimit >> (#temp := #ibytes->export8bits));    /while;    #temp != 58 ? Loop_Abort;   /If;  /While;   If((#output >> '__jsonclass__') && (#output->Find('__jsonclass__')->isa('array')) && (#output->Find('__jsonclass__')->size >= 2) && (#output->Find('__jsonclass__')->First == 'deserialize'));   Return(#output->find('__jsonclass__')->Second->First);  Else((#output >> 'native') && (#output >> 'comment') && (#output->find('comment') == 'http://www.lassosoft.com/json'));   Return(#output->find('native'));  /If;  Return(#output); }  // Bil Corry fix + Ke fix define json_deserialize(ibytes::bytes)::any => {  #ibytes->removeLeading(bom_utf8);  //============================================================================ // Reset marker on provided bytes  #ibytes->marker = 0 //............................................................................    Local(temp) = #ibytes->export8bits;  If(#temp == 91); // [   Return(json_consume_array(#ibytes));  Else(#temp == 123); // {   Return(json_consume_object(#ibytes));  else(#temp == 34) // \"   return json_consume_string(#ibytes)  /If; }  define json_deserialize(s::string) => json_deserialize(bytes(#s))  /**! json_literal - This is a subclass of String used for JSON encoding.   A json_literal works exactly like a string, but will be inserted directly  rather than being encoded into JSON. This allows JavaScript elements  like functions to be inserted into JSON objects. This is most useful  when the JSON object will be used within a JavaScript on the local page.  [Map: 'fn'=Literal('function(){ ...})] => {'fn': function(){ ...}} **/ define json_literal => type {  parent string }  /**! json_object - This is a subclass of Map used for JSON encoding.   An object works exactly like a map, but when it is encoded into JSON all  of the keys will be inserted literally. This makes it easy to create a  JavaScript object without extraneous quote marks.  Object('name'='value') => {name: \"value\"} **/ define json_object => type {  parent map  public onCreate(...) => ..onCreate(:#rest or (:)) }  define json_rpccall(method::string, params=map, id='', host='') => {  #id == '' ? #host = Lasso_UniqueID;  #host == '' ? #host = 'http://localhost/lassoapps.8/rpc/rpc.lasso';  Return(Decode_JSON(Include_URL(#host, -PostParams=Encode_JSON(Map('method' = #method, 'params' = #params, 'id' = #id))))); } ",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "P4 is a programming language designed to allow programming of packet forwarding planes. In contrast to a general purpose language such as C or Python, P4 is a domain-specific language with a number of constructs optimized around network data forwarding.  P4 is an open-source, permissively licensed language and is maintained by a non-profit organization called the P4 Language Consortium.  The language was originally described in a SIGCOMM CCR paper in 2014 titled “Programming Protocol-Independent Packet Processors” – the alliterative name shortens to “P4”.",
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    "clocExtensions": "p4",
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    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
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    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P4_(programming_language)",
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    "domainName": "p4.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "P4",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/TakeshiTseng/atom-language-p4",
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    "creators": "KS Sreeram and Joe Groff",
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    "website": "http://claylabs.com/clay",
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    "country": "Various",
    "projectEuler": "Clay",
    "reference": "https://bitbucket.org/kssreeram/clay/src/default/",
    "example": "import printer.(println);  factorial1(n) {     if (n == 0)         return 1;     return n*factorial1(n-1); }  factorial2(n) {     var p = 1;     again :     if (n == 0)         return p;     p *: n;     n -: 1;     goto again; }  factorial3(n) {     var p = 1;     while (true) {         if (n == 0) break;         p *: n;         n -: 1;     }     return p; }  factorial4(n) {     var p = 1;     for (i in range(n))         p *: i+1;     return p; }  main() {     var n = 7;     n -: 1;     var f = factorial4(n);     println(\"factorial(\", n, \") = \", f);     return 0; }",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Clay",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/claylabs",
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    "creators": "Martin Šošić",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://wasp-lang.dev/",
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    "standsFor": "Web App Specification Language",
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    "reference": "https://www.reddit.com/r/ProgrammingLanguages/comments/f7r8n9/brother_and_i_are_developing_a_declarative_dsl/",
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    "creators": "Mark S. Miller",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://erights.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "exampleCount": 4,
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    "hoplId": 1990,
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    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "e/E.e",
    "domainName_registered": 1998,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1997,
    "wikipedia_related": "gnu-e joule java python pascal",
    "wikipedia_summary": "E is an object-oriented programming language for secure distributed computing, created by Mark S. Miller, Dan Bornstein, and others at Electric Communities in 1997.  E is mainly descended from the concurrent language Joule and from Original-E, a set of extensions to Java for secure distributed programming.  E combines message-based computation with Java-like syntax.  A concurrency model based on event loops and promises ensures that deadlock can never occur.",
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    "lab": "Combex, Inc.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 82,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:E",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "# E snippet from # http://wiki.erights.org/wiki/Walnut/Distributed_Computing/Promises when (tempVow) -> {     #...use tempVow } catch prob {     #.... report problem } finally {     #....log event } ",
    "leachim6_example": "println(\"Hello World\") ",
    "wikipedia_example": "def makeMint(name) :any {    def [sealer, unsealer] := makeBrandPair(name)    def mint {      to makePurse(var balance :(int >= 0)) :any {        def decr(amount :(0..balance)) :void {          balance -= amount        }        def purse {          to getBalance() :int { return balance }          to sprout() :any { return mint.makePurse(0) }          to getDecr() :any { return sealer.seal(decr) }          to deposit(amount :int, src) :void {            unsealer.unseal(src.getDecr())(amount)            balance += amount          }        }        return purse      }    }    return mint  }",
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    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "printToken": "println",
    "stringToken": "\"",
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    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E_(programming_language)",
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    "id": "urweb",
    "name": "UrWeb",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.impredicative.com/ur/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/urweb/urweb",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "githubBigQuery_repos": 64,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 79,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2012,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2015,
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    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "ur urs",
    "writtenIn": "standard-ml python c lisp make bourne-shell m4 coq javascript nix css html tex lex markdown lua yaml sql",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1260,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "fileType": "text",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "open Parse.String  val digit = satisfy isdigit  val decimal_of_len n =     ds <- count n digit;     return (List.foldl (fn d acc => 10*acc + ((ord d)-(ord #\"0\"))) 0 ds)  val date =     y <- decimal_of_len 4;     char' #\"-\";     m <- decimal_of_len 2;     char' #\"-\";     d <- decimal_of_len 2;     if m > 0 && m <= 12 then         return {Year=y, Month=(Datetime.intToMonth (m-1)), Day=d}     else         fail  (* We parse fractions of a second, but ignore them since Datetime    doesn't permit representing them. *) val time =     h <- decimal_of_len 2;     char' #\":\";     m <- decimal_of_len 2;     s <- maybe (char' #\":\";                 s <- decimal_of_len 2;                 maybe' (char' #\".\"; skipWhile isdigit);                 return s);     return {Hour=h, Minute=m, Second=Option.get 0 s}  val timezone_offset =     let val zulu = char' #\"Z\"; return 0         val digits = decimal_of_len 2         val sign = or (char' #\"+\"; return 1)                       (char' #\"-\"; return (-1))     in         zulu `or` (s <- sign;                    h <- digits;                    m <- (maybe' (char' #\":\"); or digits (return 0));                    return (s*(h*60+m)))     end  val datetime_with_tz =     d <- date; char' #\"T\"; t <- time;     tz <- timezone_offset;     return (d ++ t ++ {TZOffsetMinutes=tz})  val datetime =     d <- datetime_with_tz;     return (d -- #TZOffsetMinutes)  fun process v =     case parse (d <- datetime_with_tz; eof; return d) v of         Some r =>         let             val {Year=year,Month=month,Day=day,                  Hour=hour,Minute=minute,Second=second} =                 Datetime.addMinutes (r.TZOffsetMinutes) (r -- #TZOffsetMinutes)             fun pad x =                 if x < 10 then \"0\" `strcat` show x else show x         in             <xml>{[pad hour]}:{[pad minute]}:{[pad second]} {[month]} {[day]}, {[year]}</xml>         end       | None => <xml>none</xml>  fun main () : transaction page =     input <- source \"2012-01-01T01:10:42Z\";     return <xml>       <body>         <label>           Enter an           <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601\">ISO 8601</a>           datetime here:           <ctextbox source={input} />         </label>         <ul><dyn signal={v <- signal input; return (process v)} /></ul>       </body>     </xml>",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/urweb/urweb",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "(* *)",
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    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
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    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "UrWeb",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/gwalborn/UrWeb-Language-Definition.git",
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    "name": "dlvm",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "creators": "Chris Lattner",
    "measurements": 20,
    "tags": "ir",
    "website": "http://dlvm.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 23468,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/dlvm-team/swift",
    "primaryTag": "ir",
    "githubRepo_created": 2017,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2010,
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    "domainName_registered": 2022,
    "description": "Modern Compiler Infrastructure for Deep Learning Systems",
    "githubRepo_description": "Modern Compiler Infrastructure for Deep Learning Systems",
    "lab": "University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign && Purdue University",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Modern Compiler Infrastructure for Deep Learning Systems",
    "writtenIn": "swift cpp cmake python restructuredtext json markdown objective-c objective-cpp bash bourne-shell llvmir c vim-script lisp xml make html d yaml css ini javascript ruby perl matlab",
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://dlvm-team.github.io/",
    "example": "// Dimension-erased functions are flexible because input shapes are dynamic. // They may be slower and less optimized than their shape-specialized counterparts.  // f(x, w, b) = dot(x, w) + pad(b, at: 0) func @f: (<_ x _ x f32>, <_ x _ x f32>, <_ x f32>) -> <_ x _ x f32> { 'entry(%x: <_ x _ x f32>, %w: <_ x _ x f32>, %b: <_ x f32>):     %0.0 = dot %x: <_ x _ x f32>, %w: <_ x _ x f32>     %0.1 = padShape %b: <_ x f32> at 0     %0.2 = add %0.0: <_ x _ x f32>, %0.1: <1 x _ x f32>     return %0.2: <_ x _ x f32> }",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/dlvm-team/swift",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
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    "id": "purebasic",
    "name": "PureBasic",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 29,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.purebasic.com",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "blog": "https://www.purebasic.fr/blog/",
    "releaseNotes": "https://www.purebasic.com/news.php",
    "rank": 580,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 23468,
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "none",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "p/PureBasic.pb",
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    "domainName_registered": 2000,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1998,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic linux x86-isa powerpc isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "PureBasic is a commercially distributed procedural computer programming language and integrated development environment based on BASIC and developed by Fantaisie Software for Windows 32/64-bit, Linux 32/64-bit, and macOS. An Amiga version is available, although it has been discontinued and some parts of it are released as open source. The first public release of PureBasic for Windows was on December 17, 2000. It has been continually updated since. PureBasic has a \"lifetime license model\". As cited on the website, the very first PureBasic user (who registered in 1998) still has free access to new updates and this is not going to change.PureBasic compiles directly to x86, x86-64, PowerPC or 680x0  instruction sets, generating small standalone executables and DLLs which need no runtime libraries beyond the standard system libraries. Programs developed without using the platform-specific application programming interfaces (APIs) can be built easily from the same source file with little or no modification. PureBasic supports inline assembly, allowing the developer to include FASM assembler commands within PureBasic source code, while using the variables declared in PureBasic source code, enabling experienced programmers to improve the speed of speed-critical sections of code. PureBasic supports and has integrated the OGRE 3D Environment. Other 3D environments such as the Irrlicht Engine are unofficially supported.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 41,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 135,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 349,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 60643,
    "lab": "Fantaisie Software",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "pb pbi",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 426,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 32,
    "docs": "https://www.purebasic.com/documentation/index.html",
    "faq": "https://www.purebasic.com/faq.php",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:PureBasic",
    "leachim6_example": "If OpenConsole()   PrintN(\"Hello World\") EndIf ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "EnableExplicit  ; ##################################################### Includes ####################################################  XIncludeFile \"Includes/AudioOut.pbi\"  ; ##################################################### Prototypes ##################################################  ; ##################################################### Structures ##################################################  ; ##################################################### Constants ###################################################  #Samplerate = 44100  ; ##################################################### Structures ##################################################  Structure Main   *AudioOut      Quit.i EndStructure Global Main.Main  Structure Main_Window   ID.i      TrackBar.i [10] EndStructure Global Main_Window.Main_Window  ; ##################################################### Variables ###################################################  Global Frequency.d = 1000 Global Amplitude.d = 0.25  ; ##################################################### Procedures ##################################################  Procedure Main_Window_Open()   Main_Window\\ID = OpenWindow(#PB_Any, 0, 0, 800, 100, \"AudioOut Example\", #PB_Window_SystemMenu | #PB_Window_MinimizeGadget | #PB_Window_ScreenCentered)      If Main_Window\\ID          Main_Window\\TrackBar[0] = TrackBarGadget(#PB_Any, 10, 10, 780, 30, 0, 20000)     SetGadgetState(Main_Window\\TrackBar[0], Frequency)          Main_Window\\TrackBar[1] = TrackBarGadget(#PB_Any, 10, 40, 780, 30, 0, 1000)     SetGadgetState(Main_Window\\TrackBar[1], Amplitude*1000)        EndIf EndProcedure  Procedure Notifier_CallBack(*AudioOut)   Protected *Temp, Temp_Size.i   Static Rotation.d      While AudioOut::GetQueuedBlocks(*AudioOut) <= 3          Temp_Size = AudioOut::GetBufferBlocksize(*AudioOut)     If Temp_Size > 0       *Temp = AllocateMemory(Temp_Size)              Define Left.d, Right.d, i       For i = 0 To Temp_Size / 4 - 1         Left = Sin(Rotation) * Amplitude         Right = Sin(Rotation) * Amplitude                  PokeW(*Temp + i*4    , Left*32767)         PokeW(*Temp + i*4 + 2, Right*32767)                  Rotation + 2.0*#PI / #Samplerate * Frequency       Next              AudioOut::Write_Data(Main\\AudioOut, *Temp, Temp_Size)              FreeMemory(*Temp)     EndIf        Wend EndProcedure  ; ##################################################### Initialisation ##############################################  Main_Window_Open()  AudioOut::GetDevices()  ForEach AudioOut::Device()   Debug PeekS(AudioOut::@Device()\\szPname) Next  Main\\AudioOut = AudioOut::Initialize(#WAVE_MAPPER, #Samplerate, 2, 16, @Notifier_CallBack())  If Not Main\\AudioOut   Debug AudioOut::GetError()   End EndIf  Notifier_CallBack(Main\\AudioOut)  ; ##################################################### Main ########################################################  Repeat      Repeat     Select WaitWindowEvent(100)       Case #PB_Event_Gadget         Select EventGadget()           Case Main_Window\\TrackBar[0]             Frequency = GetGadgetState(Main_Window\\TrackBar[0])             Debug Frequency                        Case Main_Window\\TrackBar[1]             Amplitude = GetGadgetState(Main_Window\\TrackBar[1]) / 1000         EndSelect                Case #PB_Event_CloseWindow         Main\\Quit = #True       Case 0         Break     EndSelect   ForEver    Until Main\\Quit  ; ##################################################### End #########################################################  AudioOut::Deinitialize(Main\\AudioOut)  ; IDE Options = PureBasic 5.30 Beta 2 (Windows - x64) ; CursorPosition = 109 ; FirstLine = 79 ; Folding = - ; EnableUnicode ; EnableThread ; EnableXP ",
    "wikipedia_example": "Structure type_name    field_name.type ; Single field. Perhaps the structures attachment.    field_name[count].type ; Static arrays.    ; ...    ; Optional construction StructureUnion .. EndStructureUnion allows you    ; to combine multiple fields into one area of memory    ; that is sometimes required for the conversion types.    StructureUnion       type_name.type       ; ...    EndStructureUnion EndStructure",
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    "lineCommentToken": ";",
    "printToken": "PrintN",
    "stringToken": "\"",
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    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PureBasic",
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    "domainName": "purebasic.com",
    "githubBigQuery": "PureBasic",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/telnet23/language-basic",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2012|Bookbaby|Programming 2d Scrolling Games: For Purebasic Developers|John P. Logsdon and Derlidio Siqueira|9781624883415\\n2010||Basic Programming Language Family: Basic, Quickbasic, Gw-basic, Ibm Basica, True Basic, Vbscript, Visual Basic For Applications, Purebasic|Books and LLC and Group|9781157362517",
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    "id": "bucardo",
    "name": "Bucardo",
    "appeared": 2009,
    "creators": "Jon Jensen",
    "measurements": 18,
    "tags": "application",
    "website": "https://bucardo.org/Bucardo/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "5.6.0",
    "rank": 581,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 23467,
    "isLanguage": false,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/bucardo/bucardo",
    "primaryTag": "application",
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    "description": "Bucardo is an asynchronous PostgreSQL replication system, allowing for multi-source, multi-target operations. Bucardo is a replication system for Postgres that supports any number of sources and targets (aka masters and slaves). It is asynchronous and trigger based.",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "Bucardo is an asynchronous PostgreSQL replication system, allowing for multi-source, multi-target operations. Bucardo is a replication system for Postgres that supports any number of sources and targets (aka masters and slaves). It is asynchronous and trigger based.",
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    "docs": "https://bucardo.org/Bucardo/",
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    "id": "lmdb",
    "name": "lmdb",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "creators": "Howard Chu",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "library",
    "website": "http://www.openldap.org/software/repo.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 582,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 23463,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/LMDB/lmdb",
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    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 2512,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2011,
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    "repoStats_commits": 1817,
    "repoStats_committers": 38,
    "repoStats_files": 30,
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    "description": "LMDB is a Btree-based database management library modeled loosely on the BerkeleyDB API, but much simplified. The entire database is exposed in a memory map, and all data fetches return data directly from the mapped memory, so no malloc's or memcpy's occur during data fetches. As such, the library is extremely simple because it requires no page caching layer of its own, and it is extremely high performance and memory-efficient. It is also fully transactional with full ACID semantics, and when the memory map is read-only, the database integrity cannot be corrupted by stray pointer writes from application code.",
    "githubRepo_description": "LMDB is a Btree-based database management library modeled loosely on the BerkeleyDB API, but much simplified. The entire database is exposed in a memory map, and all data fetches return data directly from the mapped memory, so no malloc's or memcpy's occur during data fetches. As such, the library is extremely simple because it requires no page caching layer of its own, and it is extremely high performance and memory-efficient. It is also fully transactional with full ACID semantics, and when the memory map is read-only, the database integrity cannot be corrupted by stray pointer writes from application code.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/LMDB",
    "rijuRepl_description": "LMDB is a Btree-based database management library modeled loosely on the BerkeleyDB API, but much simplified. The entire database is exposed in a memory map, and all data fetches return data directly from the mapped memory, so no malloc's or memcpy's occur during data fetches. As such, the library is extremely simple because it requires no page caching layer of its own, and it is extremely high performance and memory-efficient. It is also fully transactional with full ACID semantics, and when the memory map is read-only, the database integrity cannot be corrupted by stray pointer writes from application code.",
    "writtenIn": "c make",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 4286,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "http://www.lmdb.tech/doc/group__mdb.html",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/LMDB/lmdb",
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  {
    "id": "foxpro",
    "name": "FoxPRO",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 583,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 23461,
    "hoplId": 2056,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "f/FoxPro.prg",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "foxpro.py",
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    "wikipedia_related": "visual-foxpro dbase linux freebsd",
    "wikipedia_summary": "FoxPro was a text-based procedurally oriented programming language and database management system (DBMS), and it is also an object-oriented programming language, originally published by Fox Software and later by Microsoft, for MS-DOS, Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX. The final published release of FoxPro was 2.6.  Development continued under the Visual FoxPro label, which in turn was discontinued in 2007. FoxPro was derived from FoxBase (Fox Software, Perrysburg, Ohio), which was in turn derived from dBase III (Ashton-Tate) and dBase II.  dBase II was the first commercial version of a database program written by Wayne Ratliff, called Vulcan, running on CP/M. FoxPro is both a DBMS and a relational database management system (RDBMS), since it extensively supports multiple relationships between multiple DBF files (tables).  However it lacks transactional processing. After they acquired Fox Software in its entirety in 1992, FoxPro was sold and supported by Microsoft.  At that time there was an active worldwide community of FoxPro users and programmers. FoxPro 2.6 for UNIX (FPU26) has even been successfully installed on Linux and FreeBSD using the Intel Binary Compatibility Standard (ibcs2) support library.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 244,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 71,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 236,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 7419372,
    "lab": "Fox Software",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "prg",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "PRG prg",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1240,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 18,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "? \"Hello World\" ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "FoxPro",
    "leachim6": "FoxPro",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FoxPro",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2056",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1990|Windcrest|FoxPro programming|Pinter, Les|9780830635252\\n1998|Prima Pub|Visual Foxpro 6 Enterprise Edition|John Petersen and Ron Talmage and Rod Paddock|9780761513810\\n1995|Sams|Visual Foxpro 3 Unleashed|Jim Booth and Jeb Long and Doug Norman and Menachem Bazian and Edward Jones and Christopher Buelow|9780672307584\\n1993|Microsoft Press|Running Microsoft Foxpro For Windows|Sal Ricciardi|9781556155536\\n2000|Hentzenwerke Publishing|Microsoft Office Automation with Visual FoxPro|Granor, Tamar and Martin, Della|9780965509305\\n1994|Que Pub|Visual Foxpro Expert Solutions/book And Cd-rom|Miriam Liskin|9780789700759\\n1991|M & T Books|Foxpro 2: A Developers Guide : Expert Guidance for Industrial-Strength Programming/Book and Disk (DBMS Magazine's Database Foundation Series)|Ahlo, Hamilton M. and Brown, Randy|9781558510845\\n1998|Hentzenwerke Publishing|Advanced Object Oriented Programming with Visual FoxPro 6.0|Egger, Markus|9780965509381\\n1996|Addison-Wesley Professional|Object Orientation in Visual Foxpro|Brentnall, Savannah|9780201479430\\n2004|Sams Publishing|Visual FoxPro to Visual Basic .NET|Pinter, Les|9780672326493\\n1995-12-01T00:00:01Z|Oracle Pr|Visual Foxpro Programming Basics|Stearns, Tom and Stearns, Leonard|9780078820922\\n1995-05-01T00:00:01Z|Ziff Davis Pr|Programming Visual Foxpro 3.0/Book and Disk|Hentzen, Whil|9781562763251\\n1996|Apress|The Revolutionary Guide to Foxpro Oop|Phelps, Will and Kramek, Andy and Grommes, Bob|9781874416401\\n1997|John Wiley & Sons Inc|Building Visual Foxpro 5 Applications|Sosinsky, Barrie A. and Bryant, R. Lawrence|9780764580239\\n1997|M & T Books|Visual Foxpro 5.0 for Windows: Developing an Application Framework (Teach Yourself)|King, Nelson|9781558515604\\n1992|Windcrest|Foxpro 2.0 Applications Programming|Pinter, Les|9780830642687\\n1995|Ventana Pr|The Visual Guide to Visual Foxpro 3.0: The Pictorial Companion to Windows Database Management & Programming (Visual Guides)|Sander, Ellen and Brentnall, Savannah and Gunn, John|9781566042277\\n2003|Bpb Publications|Foxpro Interactive Programming And Projects|Dasgupta, Soma|9788176566742\\n1993|TAB Books Inc|Microsoft FoxPro 2.5 Applications Programming|Pinter, Les|9780830645688\\n1991|Unknown|Visual FoxPro 6.0 Programming|YU FEI ?CHEN WEI ZHU BIAN WANG XIAO YONG ?FANG HOU JIA FU ZHU BIAN|9787113086428\\n2013|People Post Press|Visual FoxPro Programming Guide(Chinese Edition)|XIONG XIAO BING . GUI XUE QIN . JIAO CUI ZHEN ZHU|9787115299192\\n1991|Unknown|Visual Foxpro programming guide-on exercises and answers to Beijing University Press,|HUANG JIAN HUA ?ZHANG XIN ZHU BIAN WANG ZHONG ZHUANG ?WAN FANG FU ZHU BIAN|9787563517862\\n1992|Windcrest/mcgraw-hill|Foxpro Programming|Les Pinter|9780830625864\\n||Visual Foxpro 3: Object-oriented Programming|Bard and Dick|9781558514225\\n||Foxpro Power Programming|Schwartz and Alan|9781556158476\\n||Programming Foxpro 2.5|Miriam Liskin|9788170295907\\n1993|Macmillan Pub Co|Business Programming Using Foxpro|Sudesh M. Duggal|9780023305856\\n1993|Windcrest|Microsoft Foxpro 2.5 Programming|Les Pinter|9780830643981\\nJanuary 1994|Windcrest|Microsoft FoxPro 2.5 Applications Programming|Les Pinter|9780070501539\\n1996|Mcgraw-hill Osborne Media|The Pinter Visual Foxpro Programming Handbook|Les Pinter and John Pinter|9780070501805\\n1993|Que Pub|Creating Foxpro Applications: The Professional Programmer's Guide To Foxpro 2.5/book And Disk (programming Series)|George F., Iv Goley|9781565290938\\n1992|Que Pub|Foxpro 2.0 Programmer's Reference (programming Series)|John L. Hawkins and Joseph A. Gotthelf and Bill House|9780880226769\\n1993|Que Pub|Foxpro 2.5 Programmer's Reference (programming Series)|John L. Hawkins|9781565292109\\n1996|Que|Special Edition Using Visual FoxPro 5|Michael P. Antonovich|9780789708854\\n1993|Ziff Davis Pr|Pc Magazine Programming Foxpro 2.5/book And Disk|Miriam Liskin|9781562761646\\n|Que|Foxpro For Windows Programming By Example With Disk|Que Corporation|9781565296442\\n1996|Mis Pr|Teach Yourself...visual Foxpro 3.0 For The Mac|Nelson King|9781558284968\\n1992|Pearson Education Ltd.|Pc Magazine Programming Foxpro 2.0/book And Disk|Miriam Liskin|9781562760380\\n1992|Microtrend|Foxpro 2 Programming Guide (lance A. Leventhal Microtrend Series)|Michael P. Antonovich|9780915391486\\n1993|Sybex Inc.|Foxpro Power Programming Guide And Accompanying Source Code Disk|Lewis Spence|9780782112160\\n1993|Que Pub|Using Foxpro 2.6 For Windows/book And Disk (special Edition Using)|Lisa C. Slater and Steven E. Arnott|9781565299924\\n1993|Mis Pr|Foxpro 2.5 For Windows: Developing Full-scale Applications/book And Disk|Nelson King|9781558282612\\n2002|Hentzenwerke Publishing|MegaFox: 1002 Things You Wanted to Know About Extending Visual FoxPro|Marcia Akins and Andy Kramek and Rick Schummer and Steven P. Dingle|9781930919273\\n|M & T Books|Foxpro 2.x: A Developer's Guide : Expert Guidance For Industrial-strength Programming|Jeff Winchell|9781558512887\\n2002|Hentzenwerke Publishing|Webrad: Building Database Applications On The Web With Visual Foxpro And Web Connection|Harold Chattaway and Randy Pearson and Whil Hentzen|9781930919075\\n1993|Brady|Foxpro Event-driven Programming: How To Build Multi-window Applications/book And Disk|Dick Bard|9781566860994\\n1993|Microtrend|Foxpro 2.5 For Windows Programming Guide/book And Disk (lance A. Leventhal Microtrend Series)|Michael P. Antonovich|9780915391806\\n1991|M & T Books|Foxpro 2: A Developer's Guide : Expert Guidance For Industrial-strength Programming (dbms Magazine's Database Foundation Series)|Hamilton M. Ahlo and Randy Brown|9781558510838",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nVisual FoxPro Programming Basics|1995|Whil Hentzen|3539454|5.00|4|1\\nProgramming Visual FoxPro 3.0|1995|Whil Hentzen|3307531|5.00|2|0\\nProgrammer's Guide to FoxPro 2.6|1994|Howard Dickler|7215033|5.00|1|0\\nFoxPro 2.6 for Windows for Dummies|1994|John Kaufeld|2391631|0.0|0|0\\nVisual Foxpro 5 for Dummies|1997|Jim Keogh|1377516|0.0|0|0"
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  {
    "id": "glicol",
    "name": "Glicol",
    "appeared": 2020,
    "creators": "Qichao Lan",
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "musicalNotation",
    "website": "https://glicol.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v0.13.5",
    "rank": 584,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 9,
    "pldbScore": 23459,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/chaosprint/glicol",
    "primaryTag": "musicalNotation",
    "githubRepo_created": 2020,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2020,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 32,
    "githubRepo_forks": 73,
    "githubRepo_stars": 2145,
    "githubRepo_issues": 43,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2020,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 673,
    "repoStats_committers": 14,
    "repoStats_files": 207,
    "repoStats_mb": 113,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 61459,
    "webRepl": "https://glicol.org/demo",
    "domainName_registered": 2021,
    "lab": "University of Oslo",
    "writtenIn": "rust javascript json markdown toml yaml css html bourne-shell",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2380,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 24,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "Norway",
    "example": "~gate: speed 2.0 >> seq 60 _60 _~a 48; ~a: choose 48 48 48 72 0 0 0 ~amp: ~gate >> envperc 0.001 0.1; ~pit: ~gate >> mul ##Math.pow(2, (60-69)/12) * 440# // mix js to get 261.63 ~lead: saw ~pit >> mul ~amp >> lpf ~mod 5.0 >> meta `     output = input.map(|x|x*0.1);     output ` // rhai script, same as \"mul 0.1\" ~mod: sin 0.2 >> mul 1300 >> add 1500; out: ~lead >> add ~drum >> plate 0.1 // optinal semicolon ~drum: speed 4.0 >> seq 60 >> sp \\808bd; // live drag and drop your sample  ^^^",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/chaosprint/glicol",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "glicol.org"
  },
  {
    "id": "livecode",
    "name": "LiveCode",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 25,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://livecode.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 585,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 23456,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "revolution-programming-language",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "l/LiveCode",
    "oldName": "revolution",
    "domainName_registered": 2012,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux android ios hypertalk hypercard sql",
    "wikipedia_summary": "LiveCode (formerly Revolution and MetaCard) is a cross-platform rapid application development runtime environment inspired by HyperCard. It features the Transcript (formerly MetaTalk) programming language which belongs to the family of xTalk scripting languages like HyperCard's HyperTalk. The environment was introduced in 2001. The \"Revolution\" development system was based on the MetaCard engine technology which Runtime Revolution later acquired from MetaCard Corporation in 2003. The platform won the Macworld Annual Editor's Choice Award for \"Best Development Software\" in 2004. \"Revolution\" was renamed \"LiveCode\" in the fall of 2010. \"LiveCode\" is developed and sold by Runtime Revolution Ltd., based in Edinburgh, Scotland. In March, 2015, the company was renamed \"LiveCode Ltd.\", to unify the company name with the product. In April 2013 a free/open source version 'LiveCode Community Edition 6.0' was published after a successful crowdfunding campaign at Kickstarter. The code base was re-licensed and made available as free and open source software with a version in April 2013. LiveCode runs on iOS, Android, OS X, Windows 95 through Windows 10, Raspberry Pi and several variations of Unix, including Linux, Solaris, and BSD. It can be used for mobile, desktop and server/CGI applications. The iOS (iPhone and iPad) version was released in December 2010. The first version to deploy to the Web was released in 2009. It is the most widely used HyperCard/HyperTalk clone, and the only one that runs on all major operating systems. A developer release of v.8 was announced in New York on March 12, 2015. This major enhancement to the product includes a new, separate development language, known as \"LiveCode Builder\", which is capable of creating new object classes called \"widgets\". In earlier versions, the set of object classes was fixed, and could only be enhanced via the use of ordinary procedural languages like C. The new language, which runs in its own IDE, is a departure from the transitional x-talk paradigm in that it permits typing of variables. But the two environments are fully integrated, and apart from the ability to create new objects, development in LiveCode proceeds in the normal way, within the established IDE. A second crowdfunding campaign to Bring HTML5 to LiveCode reached funding goals of nearly $400,000 USD on July 31, 2014. LiveCode developer release 8.0 DP4 (August 31, 2015) was the first to include a standalone deployment option to HTML5.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 60,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 55,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 303,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 30890362,
    "lab": "LiveCode Ltd",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 321,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 27,
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:LiveCode",
    "country": "Scotland",
    "projectEuler": "LiveCode",
    "helloWorldCollection": "-- Hello world in LiveCode (formerly called Revolution, formerly called Transcript)  answer \"Hello World!\"",
    "leachim6_example": "answer \"Hello World!\" ",
    "wikipedia_example": "put url \"binfile:picture.jpg\" into url \"ftp://john:passwd@ftp.example.net:2121/picture.jpg\"",
    "leachim6": "LiveCode",
    "lineCommentToken": "--",
    "printToken": "answer",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LiveCode",
    "bookCount": 9,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "tiobe": "LiveCode",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "AngelScript is a game-oriented interpreted compiled scripting language. AngelScript features static typing, object handles (similar to C++ pointers but garbage collected via reference counting), object-orientation, single inheritance, multiple inheritance with interfaces. Allows operators to be registered and overloaded. AngelScript can be used with any C++ IDE, such as Netbeans, Geany, Eclipse, and also supported by AngelJuice IDE developed specifically for the language. C and C++ functions can be called within an AngelScript environment. AngelScript's class syntax closely follows C++ classes by design: no proxy functions are required to embed AngelScript in C++ applications easing the two languages integration. There are several differences of AngelScript and C++: AngelScript does not support multiple inheritance. Multiple-inheritance functionality may be achieved with Interfaces. It is impossible to declare methods or properties outside of the class body. All methods (including constructors and destructors) are virtual. AngelScript is used in video game development, including Amnesia: The Dark Descent, Amy, Dustforce, Gekkeiju Online, King Arthur's Gold, Legend of the Guardians: The Owls of Ga'Hoole, Overgrowth, Penumbra: Overture, Penumbra: Requiem, Puddle, Rigs of Rods, Sine Mora, Star Ruler, SuperTuxKart, Warhammer: Mark of Chaos, Warsow, Urho3D. AngelScript is used at the University of Ulm in interactive 3D-Animation program. AngelScript is also used in robotics, for example, to program behavioral rules of robotic agents.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Tiny C Compiler (a.k.a. TCC, tCc, or TinyCC) is an x86, X86-64 and ARM processor C compiler created by Fabrice Bellard. It is designed to work for slow computers with little disk space (e.g. on rescue disks). Windows operating system support was added in version 0.9.23 (17 Jun 2005). TCC is distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL). TCC claims to implement all of ANSI C (C89/C90), much of the C99 ISO standard, and many GNU C extensions including inline assembly.",
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    "creators": "Eyal Lotem and Yair Chuchem",
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    "website": "https://lamdu.org",
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    "id": "algol-68",
    "name": "ALGOL 68",
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    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 692880,
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    "leachim6_example": "begin   print((\"Hello World\",newline)) end ",
    "wikipedia_example": "proc test = (real a, b) :... ... test (x plus 1, x);",
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  {
    "id": "snowball-programming-language",
    "name": "Snowball",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "creators": "Martin Porter",
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://snowballstem.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v2.2.0",
    "rank": 619,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2013,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "githubRepo_issues": 27,
    "isFinished": false,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2003,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2006,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Snowball is a small string processing programming language designed for creating stemming algorithms for use in information retrieval.The Snowball compiler translates a Snowball script (a  .sbl file) into either a thread-safe ANSI C program or a Java program. For ANSI C, each Snowball script produces a program file and corresponding header file (with  .c  and  .h  extensions). The Snowball compiler checks the consistency of its script, and this check was used to discover a typo in a seminal academic paper by Lovins which had remained undetected for 30 years.The basic datatypes handled by Snowball are strings of characters, signed integers, and boolean truth values, or more simply strings, integers and booleans. Snowball's characters are either 8-bit wide, or 16-bit, depending on the mode of use. In particular, both ASCII and 16-bit Unicode are supported. Like the SNOBOL programming language, the flow of control in Snowball is arranged by the implicit use of signals (each statement returns a true or false value), rather than the explicit use of constructs such as if, then, and break found in C and many other programming languages.The name Snowball was chosen as a tribute to the SNOBOL programming language, with which it shares the concept of string patterns delivering signals that are used to control the flow of the program. The creator of Snowball, Dr. Martin Porter, \"toyed with the idea of calling it 'strippergram' \", because it \"effectively provides a 'suffix STRIPPER GRAMmar' \".",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 919808,
    "lab": "https://lists.tartarus.org/pipermail/snowball-discuss",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "sbl",
    "writtenIn": "c python rust go ada csharp java perl pascal javascript restructuredtext markdown make yaml diff xml toml",
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/esolang/snowball",
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "reference": "http://snowball.tartarus.org",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Snowball",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/snowballstem/snowball",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowball_%28programming_language%29",
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  },
  {
    "id": "desmos",
    "name": "Desmos",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "creators": "Eli Luberoff",
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.desmos.com/calculator",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 620,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 23401,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "lab": "Desmos Studio, PBC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 8918,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 16,
    "related": "latex",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "visualParadigm": true,
    "country": "United States",
    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/desmos",
    "assignmentToken": "= ->",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desmos_(graphing)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
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    "id": "maven-pom",
    "name": "Apache Maven",
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    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "application",
    "website": "http://maven.apache.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 621,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 23401,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "githubLanguage_filenames": "pom.xml",
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_group": "XML",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "xml",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "xml",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/xml",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "text.xml.pom",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 43,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2007,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2014,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 3,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2002,
    "wikipedia_related": "java xml csharp ruby scala c eclipse-editor yaml groovy",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Maven is a build automation tool used primarily for Java projects. Maven addresses two aspects of building software: first, it describes how software is built, and second, it describes its dependencies. Unlike earlier tools like Apache Ant, it uses conventions for the build procedure, and only exceptions need to be written down. An XML file describes the software project being built, its dependencies on other external modules and components, the build order, directories, and required plug-ins. It comes with pre-defined targets for performing certain well-defined tasks such as compilation of code and its packaging. Maven dynamically downloads Java libraries and Maven plug-ins from one or more repositories such as the Maven 2 Central Repository, and stores them in a local cache. This local cache of downloaded artifacts can also be updated with artifacts created by local projects. Public repositories can also be updated. Maven can also be used to build and manage projects written in C#, Ruby, Scala, and other languages. The Maven project is hosted by the Apache Software Foundation, where it was formerly part of the Jakarta Project. Maven is built using a plugin-based architecture that allows it to make use of any application controllable through standard input. Theoretically, this would allow anyone to write plugins to interface with build tools (compilers, unit test tools, etc.) for any other language. In reality, support and use for languages other than Java has been minimal. A plugin for the .NET framework exists and is maintained, and a C/C++ native plugin is maintained for Maven 2.Alternative technologies like Gradle and sbt as build tools do not rely on XML, but keep the key concepts Maven introduced. With Apache Ivy, a dedicated dependency manager was developed as well that also supports Maven repositories.Maven still does not support reproducible builds, but developers are progressing on this task.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 619,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 327,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 657,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1333305,
    "description": "Apache Maven is a software project management and comprehension tool. Based on the concept of a project object model (POM), Maven can manage a project's build, reporting and documentation from a central piece of information.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Apache Maven is a software project management and comprehension tool. Based on the concept of a project object model (POM), Maven can manage a project's build, reporting and documentation from a central piece of information.",
    "lab": "Apache Software Foundation",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Apache Maven is a software project management and comprehension tool. Based on the concept of a project object model (POM), Maven can manage a project's build, reporting and documentation from a central piece of information.",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 3316,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 14,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?> <project xmlns=\"http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0\" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"  xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd\">  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  <groupId>renpengben</groupId>  <artifactId>spring4mvc-jpa</artifactId>  <packaging>war</packaging>  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>  <name>spring4mvc-jpa Maven Webapp</name>   <url>https://renpengben.github.io</url>   <description>spring4mvc-jpa</description>   <properties>   <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>   <java.version>1.7</java.version>   <junit.version>4.11</junit.version>   <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>   <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>    <spring.version>4.0.5.RELEASE</spring.version>   <spring.data.jpa.version>1.6.0.RELEASE</spring.data.jpa.version>   <cglib.version>2.1_3</cglib.version>    <mysql.version>5.1.31</mysql.version>   <hibernate.version>4.3.5.Final</hibernate.version>   <hibernate-validator.version>5.1.1.Final</hibernate-validator.version>   <druid-version>1.0.6</druid-version>   </properties>    <dependencies>    <dependency>    <groupId>junit</groupId>    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>    <version>${junit.version}</version>    <scope>test</scope>   </dependency>    <dependency>    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>    <version>${slf4j.version}</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>    <version>${slf4j.version}</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>log4j</groupId>    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>    <version>${log4j.version}</version>   </dependency>     <!-- Spring -->   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>    <exclusions>     <exclusion>      <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>      <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>     </exclusion>    </exclusions>   </dependency>    <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>   </dependency>    <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>   </dependency>    <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>   </dependency>     <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>   </dependency>    <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>    <version>${spring.version}</version>    <scope>test</scope>   </dependency>    <dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>    <version>${spring.data.jpa.version}</version>    <exclusions>     <exclusion>      <artifactId>junit-dep</artifactId>      <groupId>junit</groupId>     </exclusion>    </exclusions>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>cglib</groupId>    <artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId>    <version>${cglib.version}</version>   </dependency>      <!-- JPA -->    <dependency>    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>    <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>    <version>${hibernate.version}</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>    <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>    <version>${hibernate.version}</version>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>    <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>    <version>${hibernate-validator.version}</version>    <scope>compile</scope>    </dependency>     <dependency>    <groupId>mysql</groupId>    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>    <version>${mysql.version}</version>    <scope>runtime</scope>   </dependency>   <dependency>    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>    <version>${druid-version}</version>   </dependency>    </dependencies>  <build>   <plugins>    <plugin>     <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>     <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>     <version>2.0.2</version>     <configuration>      <source>1.7</source>      <target>1.7</target>     </configuration>    </plugin>   </plugins>  </build> </project> ",
    "wikipedia_example": "1  validate  2  generate-sources  3  process-sources  4  generate-resources  5  process-resources  6  compile  7  process-test-sources  8  process-test-resources  9  test-compile 10  test 11  package 12  install 13  deploy",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Maven",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "maven.apache.org",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/maven.tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "Maven POM"
  },
  {
    "id": "manhood",
    "name": "manhood",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://berkin.me/rant",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v3.0.0",
    "rank": 622,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 9,
    "pldbScore": 23399,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/TheBerkin/Manhood",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 81,
    "githubRepo_forks": 106,
    "githubRepo_stars": 2964,
    "githubRepo_issues": 9,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2014,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2020,
    "repoStats_commits": 991,
    "repoStats_committers": 15,
    "repoStats_files": 363,
    "repoStats_mb": 5,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 154221,
    "lab": "https://github.com/TheBerkin/rant3/issues",
    "writtenIn": "csharp markdown html javascript xml yaml css svg json",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 3299,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 23,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 3,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "United States",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/TheBerkin/Manhood",
    "bookCount": 1,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n8311269|Show HN: Manhood – a powerful templating language for random text generation|2014-09-13 01:07:46 UTC|1410570466|TheBerkin|5|22",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2006|Wingspan Press|Manhood In Black Americans|Joseph A. Bailey|9781595940643"
  },
  {
    "id": "limbo",
    "name": "Limbo",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "creators": "Rob Pike",
    "measurements": 28,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.vitanuova.com/inferno/limbo.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 623,
    "exampleCount": 5,
    "pldbScore": 23399,
    "hoplId": 2166,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 360,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 367,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 529,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "none",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "l/Limbo.b",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "inferno.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
    "wikipedia_related": "c pascal csp alef newsqueak stackless-python go rust ada isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Limbo is a programming language for writing distributed systems and is the language used to write applications for the Inferno operating system. It was designed at Bell Labs by Sean Dorward, Phil Winterbottom, and Rob Pike. The Limbo compiler generates architecture-independent object code which is then interpreted by the Dis virtual machine or compiled just before runtime to improve performance. Therefore all Limbo applications are completely portable across all Inferno platforms. Limbo's approach to concurrency was inspired by Hoare's communicating sequential processes (CSP), as implemented and amended in Pike's earlier Newsqueak language and Winterbottom's Alef.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 73,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 119,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 138,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 236298,
    "lab": "https://groups.google.com/g/inferno-os",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "b m",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "b",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "b",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 386,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 29,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "docs": "http://resibots.eu/limbo/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/limbo",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Limbo",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "Lock: module {  PATH: con \"/dis/lib/lock.dis\";   Semaphore: adt {   c: chan of int;   obtain: fn(nil: self ref Semaphore);   release: fn(nil: self ref Semaphore);   new: fn(): ref Semaphore;  };    init: fn(); };",
    "leachim6_example": "implement Hello;  include \"sys.m\";  sys: Sys; include \"draw.m\";  Hello: module {  init: fn(ctxt: ref Draw->Context, argv: list of string); };  init(ctxt: ref Draw->Context, argv: list of string) {  sys = load Sys Sys->PATH;  sys->print(\"Hello World\\n\"); } ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Limbo",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/limbo",
    "rijuRepl_example": "implement Cmd;  include \"sys.m\"; include \"draw.m\";  Cmd : module {     init : fn (ctxt : ref Draw->Context, args : list of string); };  init(nil : ref Draw->Context, nil : list of string) {     sys := load Sys Sys->PATH;     sys->print(\"Hello, world!\\n\"); } ",
    "wikipedia_example": "implement Command;    include \"sys.m\";      sys: Sys;       init(Context, nil: list of string)  {      sys = load Sys Sys->PATH;      print(\"Hello World!\\n\");  }",
    "leachim6": "Limbo",
    "printToken": "sys->print",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbo_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 3,
    "paperCount": 1,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2166",
    "tiobe": "Limbo",
    "githubBigQuery": "Limbo",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2003|Wiley|Inferno Programming with Limbo|Stanley-Marbell, Phillip|9780470843529\\n1997|Academic P|Inferno Programming Using Limbo|Steven Breitstein|9780121298708\\n20141219|Emereo|Limbo 48 Success Secrets - 48 Most Asked Questions On Limbo - What You Need To Know|Howard Beck|9781488826153",
    "githubLanguage": "Limbo",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1997|Programming in Limbo|10.1109/CMPCON.1997.584719|15|0|S. Dorward and R. Pike and P. Winterbottom|03c5c73f6c1fcd477a1ec80144fe1e14dbb9a2f5"
  },
  {
    "id": "bc",
    "name": "basic calculator",
    "appeared": 1975,
    "measurements": 19,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 1,
    "rank": 624,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 23395,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "idio",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "b/BC.bc",
    "standsFor": "basic calculator",
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    "creators": "Jean-Michaël Celerier",
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    "visualParadigm": true,
    "country": "France",
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    "creators": "Satoshi Egi",
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.egison.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "4.1.3",
    "rank": 633,
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    "country": "Japan",
    "example": "-- Extract all twin primes from the infinite list of prime numbers with pattern matching! def twinPrimes :=   matchAll primes as list integer with     | _ ++ $p :: #(p + 2) :: _ -> (p, p + 2)",
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    "id": "bnf",
    "name": "BNF",
    "appeared": 1956,
    "creators": "John Backus and Peter Naur",
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    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "In computer science, Backus–Naur form or Backus normal form (BNF) is a notation technique for context-free grammars, often used to describe the syntax of languages used in computing, such as computer programming languages, document formats, instruction sets and communication protocols. They are applied wherever exact descriptions of languages are needed: for instance, in official language specifications, in manuals, and in textbooks on programming language theory. Many extensions and variants of the original Backus–Naur notation are used; some are exactly defined, including extended Backus–Naur form (EBNF) and augmented Backus–Naur form (ABNF).",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backus–Naur_form",
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    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1865"
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    "creators": "Anthony Diamond",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://web.archive.org/web/20171205070657/http://monkey-x.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 23384,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/Regal-Internet-Brothers/webcc-monkey",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 53,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "m/Monkey",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2011,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Monkey X is a high-level programming language designed for video game development for many different platforms, including desktop and laptop computers, mobile phones, tablets, and video game consoles. The language itself is an object-oriented dialect of BASIC, which the compiler translates into native source code for several target platforms. The resulting code is then compiled normally. Currently the official target platforms include: Windows (Including the Windows 8 store), OS X, Linux, Xbox 360, Android, iOS, among others. Community-driven, user-made targets have also been created, some notable user-targets include: MonkeyMax (BlitzMax), Monkey-Python (Python), and a Nintendo DS target.Monkey X's main implementation (compiler), and a number of official modules are open source. Monkey X's main application/game framework, Mojo, is partially commercial. The compiler and most of the official modules can be found on GitHub. Monkey is also distributed in several compiled binary forms from its official website (registration required, to build the compiler). For details, see: Mojo (framework), and Game targets (technical).",
    "wikipedia_created": 2013,
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    "docs": "https://regal-internet-brothers.github.io/monkey/docs/Tutorials_Getting%20started.html",
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    "wordRank": 6182,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Monkey",
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "puts(\"Hello World\") ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "'Showcases use of Lambda functions and Generics.  #Import \"<std>\" Using std..  Function Main()   Local testStack := New Stack< MyObject >    For Local n := 1 To 20   Local newItem := New MyObject   newItem.depth = Rnd( 0, 100 )   testStack.Push( newItem )  Next     testStack.Sort( Lambda:Int( x:MyObject,y:MyObject )   Return x.depth<=>y.depth  End )    For Local n := Eachin testStack   Print( n.depth )  Next   End   Struct MyObject  Field depth := 0 End",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Monkey",
    "wikipedia_example": "' The 'Player' class, as referenced previously (Placement does not matter): Class Player   ' Declare all of our fields (Class-local variables):      ' These two variables will act as our position on the screen.   ' (Alternatively, an 'Array or third-party class could be used)   Field x:Float, y:Float      ' This will be a reference to an 'Image' object we'll specify.   Field image:Image      ' Constructor(s):      ' Overloading 'New' mainly works the same way as constructors in other languages.   ' Returning is generally not recommended for constructors.   Method New(img:Image, x:Float=100, y:Float=100)     ' Due to the arguments using the same names, 'Self'     ' is required to resolve our fields' names:     Self.image = img          Self.x = x     Self.y = y   End      ' Methods:      ' This will be our main render-method for this object:   Method Draw:Void()     ' Draw the 'image' object to the screen using our 'x' and 'y' fields.     DrawImage(image, x, y)          ' Returning in a 'Void' function is not required. (Some still recommend it)     Return   End End",
    "leachim6": "Monkey",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/Regal-Internet-Brothers/webcc-monkey",
    "lineCommentToken": "'",
    "printToken": "puts",
    "stringToken": "\"",
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    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasHexadecimals": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
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    "githubBigQuery": "Monkey",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/gingerbeardman/monkey.tmbundle",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2018|Pakalana Publishing|Addicted to the Monkey Mind: Change the Programming That Sabotages Your Life|Benoist, J.F.|9780692978597\\n2018|Pakalana Publishing|Addicted to the Monkey Mind: Change the Programming That Sabotages Your Life|Benoist, J.F.|9780578333663\\n2016|O'Reilly Media|Programming Beyond Practices: Be More Than Just a Code Monkey|Brown, Gregory T|9781491943823",
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    "measurements": 19,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "i/Intercal.i",
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    "wikipedia_related": "ascii utf-8 c",
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    "expandedMeasurements": 19,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#intercal",
    "esolang": "https://esolangs.org/wiki/INTERCAL",
    "fileType": "text",
    "quineRelay": "INTERCAL",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Intercal",
    "ubuntuPackage": "intercal",
    "country": "United States",
    "helloWorldCollection": "Hello World in Intercal  DO ,1 <- #13 PLEASE DO ,1 SUB #1 <- #234 DO ,1 SUB #2 <- #112 DO ,1 SUB #3 <- #112 DO ,1 SUB #4 <- #0 DO ,1 SUB #5 <- #64 DO ,1 SUB #6 <- #194 DO ,1 SUB #7 <- #48 PLEASE DO ,1 SUB #8 <- #22 DO ,1 SUB #9 <- #248 DO ,1 SUB #10 <- #168 DO ,1 SUB #11 <- #24 DO ,1 SUB #12 <- #16 DO ,1 SUB #13 <- #214 PLEASE READ OUT ,1 PLEASE GIVE UP",
    "leachim6_example": "DO ,1 <- #13 PLEASE DO ,1 SUB #1 <- #238 DO ,1 SUB #2 <- #108 DO ,1 SUB #3 <- #112 DO ,1 SUB #4 <- #0 DO ,1 SUB #5 <- #64 DO ,1 SUB #6 <- #194 DO ,1 SUB #7 <- #48 PLEASE DO ,1 SUB #8 <- #22 DO ,1 SUB #9 <- #248 DO ,1 SUB #10 <- #168 DO ,1 SUB #11 <- #24 DO ,1 SUB #12 <- #16 DO ,1 SUB #13 <- #162 PLEASE READ OUT ,1 PLEASE GIVE UP ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/intercal",
    "rijuRepl_example": "DO ,1 <- #14 PLEASE DO ,1 SUB #1 <- #238 DO ,1 SUB #2 <- #108 DO ,1 SUB #3 <- #112 DO ,1 SUB #4 <- #0 DO ,1 SUB #5 <- #64 DO ,1 SUB #6 <- #194 DO ,1 SUB #7 <- #48 PLEASE DO ,1 SUB #8 <- #22 DO ,1 SUB #9 <- #248 DO ,1 SUB #10 <- #168 DO ,1 SUB #11 <- #24 DO ,1 SUB #12 <- #16 PLEASE DO ,1 SUB #13 <- #162 DO ,1 SUB #14 <- #52 PLEASE READ OUT ,1 PLEASE GIVE UP ",
    "wikipedia_example": "DO ,1 <- #13 PLEASE DO ,1 SUB #1 <- #238 DO ,1 SUB #2 <- #108 DO ,1 SUB #3 <- #112 DO ,1 SUB #4 <- #0 DO ,1 SUB #5 <- #64 DO ,1 SUB #6 <- #194 DO ,1 SUB #7 <- #48 PLEASE DO ,1 SUB #8 <- #22 DO ,1 SUB #9 <- #248 DO ,1 SUB #10 <- #168 DO ,1 SUB #11 <- #24 DO ,1 SUB #12 <- #16 DO ,1 SUB #13 <- #162 PLEASE READ OUT ,1 PLEASE GIVE UP",
    "leachim6": "Intercal",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=585",
    "tiobe": "INTERCAL"
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    "wikipedia_related": "postscript html javascript ascii gzip csv xml linux ghostscript latex",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format used to present documents in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems. Each PDF file encapsulates a complete description of a fixed-layout flat document, including the text, fonts, graphics, and other information needed to display it.",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.adobe.com/content/dam/acom/en/devnet/pdf/pdfs/PDF32000_2008.pdf",
    "helloWorldCollection": "%Hello World in Portable Document Format (PDF) %PDF-1.2 1 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 5 0 R /Resources 3 0 R /Contents 2 0 R >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Length 51 >> stream BT /F1 24 Tf 1 0 0 1 260 600 Tm (Hello World)Tj ET endstream endobj 3 0 obj << /ProcSet[/PDF/Text] /Font <</F1 4 0 R >> >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /Name /F1 /BaseFont /Arial >> endobj 5 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Kids [ 1 0 R ] /Count 1 /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] >> endobj 6 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 5 0 R >> endobj trailer << /Root 6 0 R >> ",
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    "creators": "Tom Robinson and Francisco Tolmasky and Ross Boucher",
    "measurements": 27,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.cappuccino-project.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 23373,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "githubLanguage_aliases": "obj-j or objectivej or objj",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.js.objj",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "o/Objective J.j",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 7,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2008,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2014,
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    "tags": "protocol microblogging",
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    "tags": "esolang",
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    "rank": 647,
    "exampleCount": 4,
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    "wikipedia_related": "idris python brainfuck intercal lolcode malbolge",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Whitespace is an esoteric programming language developed by Edwin Brady and Chris Morris at the University of Durham (also developers of the Kaya and Idris programming languages). It was released on 1 April 2003 (April Fool's Day). Its name is a reference to whitespace characters. Unlike most programming languages, which ignore or assign little meaning to most whitespace characters, the Whitespace interpreter ignores any non-whitespace characters. Only spaces, tabs and linefeeds have meaning. An interesting consequence of this property is that a Whitespace program can easily be contained within the whitespace characters of a program written in another language, except possibly in languages which depend on spaces for syntax validity such as Python, making the text a polyglot. The language itself is an imperative stack-based language. The virtual machine on which the programs run has a stack and a heap. The programmer is free to push arbitrary-width integers onto the stack (currently there is no implementation of floating point numbers) and can also access the heap as a permanent store for variables and data structures.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 326,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 52,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 205017,
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    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#whitespace",
    "docs": "https://hackage.haskell.org/package/whitespace-0.4/src/docs/tutorial.html",
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    "quineRelay": "Whitespace",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Whitespace",
    "helloWorldCollection": "Hello #World #in #Whitespace * # # * # # # + *[Space] + #is #marked #with\"#\" # #[tab] #with\"*\" *line-feed #with #\"+\" * # *so +it #would +be #easier #to #write #again... #All *the *non-whitespace-characters #are *ignored... * # # + * + # # # # # * * # * * # # + * + # # # # # * * # * * * * + * + # # # # # * # # # # # + * + # # # # # * # * # * * * + * + # # # # # * * # * * * * + * + # # # # # * * * # # * # + * + # # # # # * * # * * # # + * + # # # # # * * # # * # # + * + # # # # # * # # # # * + * + # # # # # * # * # + * + # # + + + ",
    "leachim6_example": "                                                                                                                                                                        ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/whitespace",
    "rijuRepl_example": "Hello, world                                                                                                                                                                          ",
    "wikipedia_example": "S S S T S S T S S S L T L S S S S S T T S S T S T L T L S S S S S T T S T T S S L T L S S S S S T T S T T S S L T L S S S S S T T S T T T T L T L S S S S S T S T T S S L T L S S S S S T S S S S S L T L S S S S S T T T S T T T L T L S S S S S T T S T T T T L T L S S S S S T T T S S T S L T L S S S S S T T S T T S S L T L S S S S S T T S S T S S L T L S S S S S T S S S S T L T L S S L L L",
    "leachim6": "Whitespace",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitespace_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 1,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "tiobe": "Whitespace",
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  {
    "id": "cfml",
    "name": "CFML",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "creators": "Jeremy Allaire",
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.adobe.com/products/coldfusion",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 648,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 23355,
    "hoplId": 5234,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "coldfusion-components",
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    "standsFor": "ColdFusion Markup Language",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
    "wikipedia_related": "coldfusion java cfscript javascript xml java-server-pages soap",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ColdFusion Markup Language, more commonly known as CFML, is a scripting language for web development that runs on the JVM, the .NET framework, and Google App Engine. Multiple commercial and open source implementations of CFML engines are available, including Adobe ColdFusion, Lucee, New Atlanta BlueDragon (who makes both a Java-based and a .NET-based version), Railo, and Open BlueDragon as well as other CFML server engines.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 105,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 75,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 257,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 962933,
    "lab": "Adobe && Lucee Association && New Atlanta && openBD && The Railo Company",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "cfm cfc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 546,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "exercism": "https://exercism.org/tracks/cfml",
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    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "<cfset person = CreateObject(\"component\", \"Person\") />",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ColdFusion_Markup_Language",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=5234",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2011||Articles On Cfml Programming Language, Including|Hephaestus Books|9781244545434\\n2011||Articles On Cfml Programming Language, Including|Hephaestus Books|9781242966637\\n2010||Compilers By Programming Language: Algol 60 Compilers, Assemblers, Basic Compilers, C++ Compilers, Cfml Compilers, C Compilers|Group and Books and LLC|9781157807247"
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  {
    "id": "inko",
    "name": "inko",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "creators": "Yorick Peterse",
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://inko-lang.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v0.14.0",
    "rank": 649,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 13,
    "pldbScore": 23355,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/YorickPeterse/inko",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2015,
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    "repoStats_commits": 2787,
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    "repoStats_files": 573,
    "repoStats_mb": 14,
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    "domainName_registered": 2016,
    "description": "<a href='https://github.com/YorickPeterse/inko'>Inko</a> is a gradually typed, interpreted, object-oriented programming language drawing inspiration from languages such as Smalltalk, Self, Ruby, Erlang and Rust.",
    "githubRepo_description": "<a href='https://github.com/YorickPeterse/inko'>Inko</a> is a gradually typed, interpreted, object-oriented programming language drawing inspiration from languages such as Smalltalk, Self, Ruby, Erlang and Rust.",
    "lab": "https://gitlab.com/inko-lang/",
    "rijuRepl_description": "<a href='https://github.com/YorickPeterse/inko'>Inko</a> is a gradually typed, interpreted, object-oriented programming language drawing inspiration from languages such as Smalltalk, Self, Ruby, Erlang and Rust.",
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    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 974,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
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    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "The Netherlands",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/YorickPeterse/inko",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "slash",
    "name": "Slash",
    "appeared": 2012,
    "creators": "Hailey Somerville",
    "measurements": 19,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://slash-lang.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 650,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 7,
    "pldbScore": 23351,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/slash-lang/slash",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 388,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 427,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 572,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "text.html.slash",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
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    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "githubRepo_subscribers": 40,
    "githubRepo_forks": 25,
    "githubRepo_stars": 389,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 6,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2013,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2014,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2012,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2014,
    "repoStats_commits": 1199,
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    "repoStats_files": 232,
    "repoStats_mb": 3,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 25330,
    "lab": "https://github.com/slash-lang/slash",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "sl",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "sla",
    "writtenIn": "c perl make ruby markdown bash yaml",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 673,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 29,
    "influencedBy": "ruby perl php",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Australia",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "<%  class Env {     def init {         @memory = [];         @ptr = 0;     }      def ptr       { @ptr }     def ptr=(ptr) { @ptr = ptr }      def current_value         { @memory[@ptr] || 0 }     def current_value=(value) { @memory[@ptr] = value } }  class AST {     class Next {         def eval(env) {             env.ptr++;         }     }      class Prev {         def eval(env) {             env.ptr--;         }     }      class Inc {         def eval(env) {             env.current_value++;         }     }      class Dec {         def eval(env) {             env.current_value--;         }     }      class Output {         def eval(env) {             print(env.current_value.char);         }     }      class Input {         def eval(env) {             ...         }     }      class Sequence {         def init(nodes) {             @nodes = nodes;         }          def eval(env) {             for node in @nodes {                 node.eval(env);             }         }     }      class Loop {         def init(seq) {             @seq = seq;         }          def eval(env) {             while env.current_value != 0 {                 @seq.eval(env);             }         }     } }  class Parser {     def init(str) {         @chars = str.split(\"\");     }      def parse {         @stack = [[]];         for char in @chars {             _parse_char(char);         }         if @stack.length != 1 {             throw SyntaxError.new(\"unexpected end of input\");         }         AST::Sequence.new(@stack.last);     }      def _parse_char(char) {         switch char {             \">\" { _add(AST::Next.new); }             \"<\" { _add(AST::Prev.new); }             \"+\" { _add(AST::Inc.new); }             \"-\" { _add(AST::Dec.new); }             \".\" { _add(AST::Output.new); }             \",\" { _add(AST::Input.new); }             \"[\" { _open_loop(); }             \"]\" { _close_loop(); }         }     }      def _add(node) {         @stack.last.push(node);     }      def _open_loop {         @stack.push([]);     }      def _close_loop {         if @stack.length == 1 {             throw SyntaxError.new(\"unexpected ']'\");         }          nodes = @stack.pop;         _add(AST::Loop.new(AST::Sequence.new(nodes)));     } }  src = File.read(ARGV.first); ast = Parser.new(src).parse; ast.eval(Env.new); ",
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    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/slash-lang/slash",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "slash-lang.org",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/slash-lang/Slash.tmbundle",
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  {
    "id": "lwjgl",
    "name": "LWJGL",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "creators": "Caspian Prince",
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "library",
    "website": "https://www.lwjgl.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 651,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/LWJGL/lwjgl3",
    "primaryTag": "library",
    "githubRepo_created": 2012,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 161,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 4701,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Lightweight Java Game Library",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2012,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 602512,
    "description": "The Lightweight Java Game Library (LWJGL) is an open-source software library that provides bindings to a variety of C libraries for video game developers to Java.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The Lightweight Java Game Library (LWJGL) is an open-source software library that provides bindings to a variety of C libraries for video game developers to Java.",
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    "interviews": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eEOCmuei3W8",
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    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/LWJGL/lwjgl3",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LWJGL",
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    "id": "hypertalk",
    "name": "HyperTalk",
    "appeared": 1987,
    "creators": "Dan Winkler",
    "measurements": 21,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 652,
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    "hoplId": 1328,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "h/HyperTalk.ht",
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    "wikipedia_related": "pascal actionscript applescript javascript lingo livecode sensetalk supertalk hypercard",
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    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 78136,
    "lab": "Apple",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/hypertalk",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:HyperTalk",
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "put \"Hello World\" ",
    "wikipedia_example": "on mouseUp     select the clickLine     put word 2 of the clickLine into linenum     do line linenum of cd fld 1   end mouseUp",
    "leachim6": "HyperTalk",
    "printToken": "put",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HyperTalk",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1328",
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  {
    "id": "farcaster",
    "name": "Farcaster",
    "appeared": 2021,
    "creators": "Dan Romero and Varun Srinivasan",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "protocol microblogging",
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    "latestVersion": "0.0.1",
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    "description": "Farcaster is a decentralized social network built on top of Ethereum. The Layer 1 blockchain manages user identities, while a Layer 2 network propagates updates between users. It offers: Secure, memorable, and human-readable user identifiers like @alice. Real-time settlement and propagation of changes between users. Decentralized access to all data on the network at reasonable costs.",
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    "id": "fetlang",
    "name": "fetlang",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "esolang",
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    "rank": 654,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/Property404/fetlang",
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    "githubRepo_subscribers": 51,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "f/Fetlang.fet",
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    "description": "A nsfw esolang.",
    "githubRepo_description": "A nsfw esolang.",
    "lab": "https://dagans.dev",
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    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "fet",
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    "fileType": "text",
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    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/google/open-location-code",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Location_Code",
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    "id": "spider",
    "name": "spider",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "creators": "Alon Gubkin",
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://spiderlang.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.1.5",
    "rank": 672,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 23311,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/alongubkin/spider",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 51,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 1340,
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    "lab": "https://github.com/alongubkin/spider/issues",
    "fileExtensions": "spider",
    "writtenIn": "javascript markdown json yaml",
    "compilesTo": "javascript",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1490,
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    "country": "Israel",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/alongubkin/spider",
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    "id": "blitzbasic",
    "name": "BlitzBasic",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 21,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 673,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 23309,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 417,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 492,
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "b3d or blitz3d or blitzplus or bplus",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.blitzmax",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 35,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2009,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2016,
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "basic.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2000,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic linux monkey opengl ascii lua unicode csharp purebasic ios",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Blitz BASIC refers to the programming language dialect that was interpreted by the first Blitz compilers, devised by New Zealand-based developer Mark Sibly. Being derived from BASIC, Blitz syntax was designed to be easy to pick up for beginners first learning to program.  The languages are game-programming oriented but are often found general-purpose enough to be used for most types of application. The Blitz language evolved as new products were released, with recent incarnations offering support for more advanced programming techniques such as object-orientation and multi-threading.  This led to the languages losing their BASIC moniker in later years.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 51,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 126,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 448,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4840,
    "lab": "Blitz Research",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "bb decls",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "bb decls",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 475,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 23,
    "docs": "https://daemonbite.com/files/linked/BB21Manual.pdf",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "New Zealand",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": " Local i, start, result  Local s.Sum3Obj = New Sum3Obj  For i = 1 To 100000  s = New Sum3Obj  result = Handle Before s  Delete s Next  start = MilliSecs() For i = 1 To 1000000  result = Sum3_(MakeSum3Obj(i, i, i)) Next start = MilliSecs() - start Print start  start = MilliSecs() For i = 1 To 1000000  result = Sum3(i, i, i) Next start = MilliSecs() - start Print start  WaitKey End   Function Sum3(a, b, c)  Return a + b + c End Function   Type Sum3Obj  Field isActive  Field a, b, c End Type  Function MakeSum3Obj(a, b, c)  Local s.Sum3Obj = Last Sum3Obj  If s\\isActive Then s = New Sum3Obj  s\\isActive = True  s\\a = a  s\\b = b  s\\c = c    Restore label  Read foo    Return Handle(s) End Function  .label Data (10 + 2), 12, 14 : Function Sum3_(a_)  Local a.Sum3Obj = Object.Sum3Obj a_  Local return_ =  a\\a + a\\b + a\\c  Insert a Before First Sum3Obj :: a\\isActive = False  Return return_ End Function   ;~IDEal Editor Parameters: ;~C#Blitz3D",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "BlitzBasic",
    "wikipedia_example": "AppTitle = \"Binary Clock\"  Graphics 145,85   secondtimer = CreateTimer(2)    Repeat          Hour = CurrentTime()[..2].ToInt()          Minute = CurrentTime()[4..6].ToInt()          Second = CurrentTime()[6..].ToInt()           If Hour >= 12 Then PM = 1          If Hour > 12 Then Hour = Hour - 12          If Hour = 0 Then Hour = 12           'should do this otherwise the PM dot will be          'Left up once the clock rolls past midnight!          Cls           SetColor(0,255,0) 'make the text green For the PM part          If PM  = 1 Then DrawText \"PM\",5,5          'set the text colour back To white For the rest          SetColor(255,255,255)           For bit=0 Until 6                  xpos=20*(6-bit)                  binaryMask=2^bit                  'do hours                  If (bit<4)                          If (hour & binaryMask)                                  DrawText \"1\",xpos,5                          Else                                  DrawText \"0\",xpos,5                          EndIf                  EndIf                   'do the minutes                  If (minute & binaryMask)                          DrawText \"1\", xpos,25                  Else                          DrawText \"0\", xpos,25                  EndIf                   'do the seconds                  If (second & binaryMask)                          DrawText \"1\",xpos,45                  Else                          DrawText \"0\",xpos,45                  EndIf          Next           'make the text red For the decimal time          SetColor(255,0,0)          DrawText \"Decimal: \" + CurrentTime(),5,65          'set the text back To white For the rest          SetColor(255,255,255)     Flip           'will wait half a second          WaitTimer(secondTimer)    If KeyHit(KEY_ESCAPE) Then Exit  Forever",
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    "hasBinaryNumbers": true,
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasHexadecimals": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blitz_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "BlitzBasic",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/blitzmax.tmbundle",
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  },
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    "id": "cool",
    "name": "Classroom Object Oriented Language",
    "appeared": 1996,
    "creators": "Alexander Aiken",
    "measurements": 26,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 674,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 23308,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 56,
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
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    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 4,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2014,
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    "wikipedia_related": "clips sather java ml pascal ocaml mips",
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    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 25,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 18,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 105,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 14782123,
    "lab": "Stanford University",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "cl",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 345,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 32,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 1457,
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/esolang/cool",
    "country": "United States",
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    "wikipedia_example": "class Main inherits IO {   main(): Object {{     out_string(\"Enter an integer greater-than or equal-to 0: \");      let input: Int <- in_int() in       if input < 0 then         out_string(\"ERROR: Number must be greater-than or equal-to 0\\n\")       else {         out_string(\"The factorial of \").out_int(input);         out_string(\" is \").out_int(factorial(input));         out_string(\"\\n\");       }       fi;   }};    factorial(num: Int): Int {     if num = 0 then 1 else num * factorial(num - 1) fi   }; };",
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    "lineCommentToken": "--",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "(* *)",
    "printToken": "out_string",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cool_(programming_language)",
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    "githubBigQuery": "Cool",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/anunayk/cool-tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "Cool"
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    "id": "netbeans-editor",
    "name": "netbeans-editor",
    "appeared": 2013,
    "creators": "pgebauer",
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "editor",
    "website": "https://netbeans.apache.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 675,
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    "pldbScore": 23306,
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    "lab": "Apache Software Foundation",
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    "expandedMeasurements": 63,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "demoVideo": "https://www.youtube.com/user/NetBeansVideos",
    "country": "United States",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/apache/netbeans",
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    "id": "harbour",
    "name": "Harbour",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "creators": "Antonio Linares",
    "measurements": 24,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://harbour.github.io/",
    "foundationScore": 1,
    "rank": 676,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 23304,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "tibet",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 80,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 86,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 45,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.harbour",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "h/Harbour.prg",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 157,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_related": "clipper dbase linux unix ios android tcp mysql postgresql sqlite xbase c java visual-foxpro visual-objects xbasepp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Harbour is a modern computer programming language, primarily used to create database/business programs. It is a modernized, open sourced and cross-platform version of the older Clipper system, which in turn developed from the dBase database market of the 1980s and 90s. Harbour code using the same databases can be compiled under a wide variety of platforms, including Microsoft Windows, Linux, Unix variants, several BSD descendants, Mac OS X, MINIX 3, Windows CE, Pocket PC, Symbian, iOS, Android, QNX, VxWorks, OS/2/eComStation, BeOS/Haiku,  AIX and MS-DOS.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 49,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 1882856,
    "lab": "https://github.com/harbour",
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    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "prg",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 231,
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    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "clocExtensions": "hb",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Harbour",
    "country": "Various",
    "leachim6_example": "PROCEDURE Main()     ? \"Hello World\"     RETURN ",
    "wikipedia_example": "#include \"hbclass.ch\"   PROCEDURE Main()      LOCAL oPerson      CLS      oPerson := Person():New( \"Dave\" )      oPerson:Eyes := \"Invalid\"      oPerson:Eyes := \"Blue\"      Alert( oPerson:Describe() )      RETURN   CREATE CLASS Person      VAR Name INIT \"\"      METHOD New( cName )     METHOD Describe()      ACCESS Eyes INLINE ::pvtEyes     ASSIGN Eyes( x ) INLINE iif( HB_ISSTRING( x ) .AND. x $ \"Blue,Brown,Green\", ::pvtEyes := x, Alert( \"Invalid value\" ) )      PROTECTED:      VAR pvtEyes   ENDCLASS   // Sample of normal Method definition  METHOD New( cName ) CLASS Person      ::Name := cName      RETURN Self   METHOD Describe() CLASS Person      LOCAL cDescription      IF Empty( ::Name )        cDescription := \"I have no name yet.\"     ELSE        cDescription := \"My name is: \" + ::Name + \";\"     ENDIF      IF ! Empty( ::Eyes )        cDescription += \"my eyes' color is: \" + ::Eyes     ENDIF      RETURN cDescription",
    "leachim6": "Harbour",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harbour_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "harbour.github.io",
    "githubBigQuery": "Harbour",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/hernad/atom-language-harbour",
    "githubLanguage": "Harbour"
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  {
    "id": "erb",
    "name": "ERB",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "template",
    "foundationScore": 14,
    "rank": 677,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 23301,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 14,
    "inboundLinks": "ace capybara codeql contracts.coffee haml heap.coffee homebrew-pm jasmine jekyll mastodon plaid-programming-language ruby slim toffeescript",
    "primaryTag": "template",
    "githubLanguage_repos": 276,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_group": "HTML",
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "erb or rhtml or html+ruby",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "htmlembedded",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "application/x-erb",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "text.html.erb",
    "githubLanguage_type": "markup",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 458,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2013,
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "templates.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2004,
    "wikipedia_related": "html asp java-server-pages php rails xml perl java linux haml rdoc",
    "wikipedia_summary": "eRuby (Embedded Ruby) is a templating system that embeds Ruby into a text document. It is often used to embed Ruby code in an HTML document, similar to ASP, JSP and PHP. The templating system of eRuby combines the ruby code and the plain text to provide flow control and variable substitution, thus making it easy to maintain.The View module of the rails is responsible to display the response or output on a browser. In its simplest form, a view can be a piece of HTML code which has some static content. For most applications, just having static content may not be enough. Many Rails applications will require dynamic content created by the controller (action method) to be displayed in their view. This is made possible by using Embedded Ruby to generate templates which can contain dynamic content. Embedded Ruby allows ruby code to be embedded in a view document. This code gets replaced with proper value resulted from the execution of the code at run time. But, by having the ability to embed code in a view document, we risk bridging the clear separation present in the MVC frame. It is thus the responsibility of the developer to make sure that there is a clear separation of responsibility among the model, view and controller modules of his/her application.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 3883199,
    "description": "eRuby (Embedded Ruby) is a templating system that embeds Ruby into a text document.",
    "githubRepo_description": "eRuby (Embedded Ruby) is a templating system that embeds Ruby into a text document.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/ruby",
    "rijuRepl_description": "eRuby (Embedded Ruby) is a templating system that embeds Ruby into a text document.",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "erb erbdeface rhtml",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 400,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 17,
    "clocExtensions": "ERB erb",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Various",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "<% provide(:title, @header) %> <% present @users do |user_presenter| %>  <div class=\"row key-header\">   <h1><%= @header %></h1>  </div>   <div class='row'>   <div class='small-12 columns'>    <%= will_paginate %>   </div>  </div>  <div class=\"row key-table\">   <div class=\"small-12 columns\">    <div class=\"row key-table-row\">     <div class=\"small-2 columns\">Name</div>     <div class=\"small-3 columns\">Email</div>     <div class=\"small-1 columns\">Chords</div>     <div class=\"small-1 columns\">Keys</div>     <div class=\"small-1 columns\">Tunings</div>     <div class=\"small-1 columns\">Credits</div>     <div class=\"small-1 columns\">Prem?</div>     <div class=\"small-2 columns\">Since?</div>    </div>     <% if @users == [] %>     <div class=\"row key-table-row\">      <div class=\"small-4 small-centered columns\">No Users</div>     </div>    <% else %>     <%= render @users %>    <% end %>   </div>  </div>  <div class='row'>   <div class='small-12 columns'>    <%= will_paginate %>   </div>  </div> <% end %>",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "ERB",
    "wikipedia_example": "class ERBExample     attr_accessor:variable1          # using bind to access class variables     def render()         renderer.result(binding)     end      def initialize(variable1)         @variable1 = variable1     end      # Expose private binding() method.     def get_binding         binding()     end end  example = ERBExample.new(variable1) renderer = ERB.new(template) puts output = renderer.result(example.get_binding)",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ERuby",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/atom/language-ruby",
    "githubLanguage": "HTML+ERB"
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    "id": "nushell",
    "name": "Nushell",
    "appeared": 2019,
    "creators": "Yehuda Katz",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.nushell.sh/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "rank": 678,
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    "pldbScore": 23300,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/nushell/nushell",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2019,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2019,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2019,
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    "repoStats_files": 1972,
    "repoStats_mb": 56,
    "lab": "https://github.com/nushell",
    "writtenIn": "rust json toml markdown yaml bourne-shell csv python powershell dockerfile xml ini",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 36675,
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    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
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    "country": "Ecuador",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/nushell/nushell",
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    "id": "ssb",
    "name": "Secure Scuttlebutt",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "website": "https://www.scuttlebutt.nz/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "16.0.1",
    "rank": 679,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "farcaster",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/ssbc/ssb-server",
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "SSB",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2014,
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    "example": "import spatial.dsl._  @spatial object HelloSpatial extends SpatialApp {   def main(args: Array[String]): Void = {     // Create ArgIn     val x = ArgIn[Int]          // Set `x` to the value of the first command line argument     setArg(x, args(0).to[Int])          Accel {       // Create 16x32 SRAM and a Register       val s = SRAM[Int](16,32)       val r = Reg[Int]              // Loop over each element in SRAM       Foreach(16 by 1, 32 by 1){(i,j) =>         s(i,j) = i + j       }       // Store element into the register, based on the input arg       r := s(x,x)        // Print value of register (only shows in Scala simulation)       println(r\"Value of SRAM at (${x.value},${x.value}) is ${r.value}\")     }    } }",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morse_code",
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    "description": "Hackett is an attempt to implement a Haskell-like language with support for Racket’s macro system, built using the techniques described in the paper Type Systems as Macros.",
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    "country": "United States",
    "example": "#lang hackett  (data (Maybe a)   Nothing   (Just a))  (def x : Integer   (let ([y 3]         [z 7])     {y + z}))  (class (Show a)   [show : {a -> String}])  (instance (forall [a] (Show a) => (Show (Maybe a)))   [show (λ* [[(Just x)] {\"(Just \" ++ (show x) ++ \")\"}]             [[Nothing ] \"Nothing\"])])",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/lexi-lambda/hackett",
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    "id": "volt",
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    "domainName_registered": 2013,
    "description": "Volt is a C-inspired programming language that toes the line between expressiveness and control.",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "// Copyright © 2012-2013, Jakob Bornecrantz.  All rights reserved. // See copyright notice in src/volt/license.d (BOOST ver. 1.0). module main;  import core.stdc.stdio; import core.stdc.stdlib;  import watt.process; import watt.path;  import results; import list; import cmd;  int main() {  auto cmdGroup = new CmdGroup();  bool printOk = true;  bool printImprovments = true;  bool printFailing = true;  bool printRegressions = true;  string compiler = getEnv(\"VOLT\");   if (compiler is null) {   printf(\"compiler envar not set\\n\".ptr);   return -1;  }   /// @todo Scan for files  auto tests = testList;   int total;  int passed;  int failed;  int improved;  int regressed;   auto rets = new Result[] (tests.length);  for (size_t i; i < tests.length; i++) {   rets[i] = new Result();   rets[i].runTest(cmdGroup, tests[i], compiler);  }   cmdGroup.waitAll();   for (size_t i; i < tests.length; i++) {   auto ret = rets[i];   total++;   if (ret.ok) {    passed++;    improved += cast(int)!ret.hasPassed;     if (!ret.hasPassed && printImprovments) {     printf(\"%s: %s, improved!\\n\".ptr, ret.test.ptr, ret.msg.ptr);    } else if (printOk) {     printf(\"%s: %s\\n\".ptr, ret.test.ptr, ret.msg.ptr);    }   } else {    failed++;    regressed += cast(int)ret.hasPassed;      if (ret.hasPassed && printRegressions) {     printf(\"%s: %s, regressed!\\n\".ptr, ret.test.ptr, ret.msg.ptr);    } else if (printFailing) {     printf(\"%s: %s\\n\".ptr, ret.test.ptr, ret.msg.ptr);    }   }   fflush(stdout);  }   auto xml = fopen(\"results.xml\".ptr, \"w+\".ptr);  if (xml !is null) {   fprintf(xml, \"<testsuites errors=\\\"%u\\\" failures=\\\"%u\\\" tests=\\\"%u\\\">\\n\".ptr,     regressed, failed - regressed, total);   for (size_t i; i < rets.length; i++) {    rets[i].xmlLog(xml);   }   fprintf(xml, \"</testsuites>\\n\".ptr);   fflush(xml);   fclose(xml);   xml = null;  }   auto rate = cast(float)passed / cast(float)total * 100.f;  printf(\"Summary: %i tests, %i pass%s, %i failure%s, %.2f%% pass rate, %i regressions, %i improvements.\\n\".ptr,         total,         passed, (passed == 1 ? \"\".ptr : \"es\".ptr),         failed, (failed == 1 ? \"\".ptr : \"s\".ptr),         cast(double)rate, regressed, improved);   return regressed ? -1 : 0; } ",
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    "description": "Concise Encoding gives you ease and efficiency with its 1:1 compatible text and binary formats.",
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    "country": "Czech Republic and Germany",
    "example": "c1 {     // Custom types are user-defined, with user-supplied codecs.     \"custom text\"   = |c \"cplx(2.94+3i)\"|     \"custom binary\" = |c 01 f6 28 3c 40 00 00 40 40| }",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1984,
    "wikipedia_related": "protobuf thrift ascii json xml",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) is an interface description language for defining data structures that can be serialized and deserialized in a standard, cross-platform way. It's broadly used in telecommunications and computer networking, and especially in cryptography. Protocol developers define data structures in ASN.1 modules, which are generally a section of a broader standards document written in the ASN.1 language. Because the language is both human-readable and machine-readable, modules can be automatically turned into libraries that process their data structures, using an ASN.1 compiler. ASN.1 is similar in purpose and use to protocol buffers and Apache Thrift, which are also interface description languages for cross-platform data serialization. Like those languages, it has a schema (in ASN.1, called a \"module\"), and a set of encodings, typically type-length-value encodings. However, ASN.1, defined in 1984, predates them by many years. It also includes a wider variety of basic data types, some of which are obsolete, and has more options for extensibility. A single ASN.1 message can include data from multiple modules defined in multiple standards, even standards defined years apart.",
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    "lab": "International Telecommunication Union && International Electrotechnical Commission",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/asn/asn",
    "codeMirror": "asn-1",
    "country": "United Kingdom",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "MyShopPurchaseOrders DEFINITIONS AUTOMATIC TAGS ::= BEGIN  PurchaseOrder ::= SEQUENCE { dateOfOrder DATE, customer    CustomerInfo, items       ListOfItems }  CustomerInfo ::= SEQUENCE { companyName    VisibleString (SIZE (3..50)), billingAddress Address, contactPhone   NumericString (SIZE (7..12)) }  Address::= SEQUENCE { street  VisibleString (SIZE (5 .. 50)) OPTIONAL, city    VisibleString (SIZE (2..30)), state   VisibleString (SIZE(2) ^ FROM (\"A\"..\"Z\")), zipCode NumericString (SIZE(5 | 9)) }  ListOfItems ::= SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..100)) OF Item  Item ::= SEQUENCE { itemCode        INTEGER (1..99999), color           VisibleString (\"Black\" | \"Blue\" | \"Brown\"), power           INTEGER (110 | 220), deliveryTime    INTEGER (8..12 | 14..19), quantity        INTEGER (1..1000), unitPrice       REAL (1.00 .. 9999.00), isTaxable       BOOLEAN } END ",
    "wikipedia_example": "<FooQuestion>     <trackingNumber>5</trackingNumber>     <question>Anybody there?</question> </FooQuestion>",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_Syntax_Notation_One",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1070",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "RStudio is a free and open-source integrated development environment (IDE) for R, a programming language for statistical computing and graphics. RStudio was founded by Joseph J. Allaire, creator of the programming language ColdFusion. Hadley Wickham is the Chief Scientist at RStudio.RStudio is available in two editions: RStudio Desktop, where the program is run locally as a regular desktop application; and RStudio Server, which allows accessing RStudio using a web browser while it is running on a remote Linux server. Prepackaged distributions of RStudio Desktop are available for Windows, macOS, and Linux. RStudio is available in open source and commercial editions and runs on the desktop (Windows, macOS, and Linux) or in a browser connected to RStudio Server or RStudio Server Pro (Debian, Ubuntu, Red Hat Linux, CentOS, openSUSE and SLES).RStudio is partly written in the C++ programming language and uses the Qt framework for its graphical user interface. The bigger percentage of the code is written in Java, JavaScript is also amongst the languages used.Work on RStudio started around December 2010, and the first public beta version (v0.92) was officially announced in February 2011. Version 1.0 was released on 1 November 2016. Version 1.1 was released on 9 October 2017. In April 2018 it was announced RStudio will be providing operational and infrastructure support for Ursa Labs. Ursa Labs will focus on building a new data science runtime powered by Apache Arrow.",
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    "id": "jslt",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Ragel is a finite-state machine compiler and a parser generator. Initially Ragel supported output for C, C++ and Assembly source code,. Although subsequently extended to support several other languages (said to be Objective C, D, Go, Ruby, and Java) this support of other languages was withdrawn .  It supports the generation of table or control flow driven state machines from regular expressions and/or state charts and can also build lexical analysers via the longest-match method. Ragel specifically targets text parsing and input validation.",
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    "name": "Borgo",
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    "description": "A language for writing applications that is more expressive than Go but less complex than Rust.",
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    "website": "https://neo4j.com/developer/cypher-query-language/",
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    "country": "Various",
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    "wikipedia_example": "MATCH (start:Content)-[:RELATED_CONTENT]->(content:Content) WHERE content.source = 'user' OPTIONAL MATCH (content)-[r]-() DELETE r, content",
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    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
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    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "d/Django.py",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Django ( JANG-goh) is a free and open-source web framework, written in Python, which follows the model-view-template (MVT) architectural pattern. It is maintained by the Django Software Foundation (DSF), an independent organization established as a 501(c)(3) non-profit. Django's primary goal is to ease the creation of complex, database-driven websites. Django emphasizes reusability and \"pluggability\" of components, rapid development, and the principle of don't repeat yourself. Python is used throughout, even for settings files and data models. Django also provides an optional administrative create, read, update and delete interface that is generated dynamically through introspection and configured via admin models. Some well-known sites that use Django include the Public Broadcasting Service, Instagram, Mozilla, The Washington Times, Disqus, Bitbucket, and Nextdoor. It was used on Pinterest, but later the site moved to a framework built over Flask.",
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    "leachim6_example": "from django.http import HttpResponse  def index(request):     return HttpResponse(\"Hello World\")",
    "leachim6": "Django",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Django_(web_framework)",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "'use strict';  const React = require('react')  module.exports = React.createClass({   render: function() {     let {feeds, log} = this.props;      log.info(feeds);     return <div className=\"feed-list\">       <h3>News Feed's</h3>       <ul>         {feeds.map(function(feed) {           return <li key={feed.name} className={feed.fetched ? 'loaded' : 'loading'}>             {feed.data && feed.data.length > 0 ?               <span>{feed.name} <span className='light'>({feed.data.length})</span></span>               : 'feed.name' }           </li>         })}       </ul>     </div>;   } });",
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    "wikipedia_related": "unix bcpl assembly-language c latex scheme unicode tex scribe",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "###     Demo Script Example     ###  # This script, but not the artwork associated with it, is in the # public domain. Feel free to use it as the basis for your own # game.  # If you're trying to understand this script, I recommend skipping # down to the line beginning with 'label start:', at least on your # first read-through.  # This init block runs first, and sets up all sorts of things that # are used by the rest of the game. Variables that are set in init # blocks are _not_ saved, unless they are changed later on in the # program.  init:      # Set up the size of the screen, and the window title.     $ config.screen_width = 800     $ config.screen_height = 600     $ config.window_title = \"The Ren'Py Demo Game\"      # Declare the images that are used in the program.      # Backgrounds.     image bg carillon = \"carillon.jpg\"     image bg whitehouse = \"whitehouse.jpg\"     image bg washington = \"washington.jpg\"     image bg onememorial = \"1memorial.jpg\"     image black = Solid((0, 0, 0, 255))      # Character pictures.     image eileen happy = \"9a_happy.png\"     image eileen vhappy = \"9a_vhappy.png\"     image eileen concerned = \"9a_concerned.png\"      # A character object. This object lets us have the character say     # dialogue without us having to repeatedly type her name. It also     # lets us change the color of her name.      $ e = Character('Eileen', color=(200, 255, 200, 255))  # The start label marks the place where the main menu jumps to to # begin the actual game.  label start:      # The save_name variable sets the name of the save game. Like all     # variables declared outside of init blocks, this variable is     # saved and restored with a save file.     $ save_name = \"Introduction\"      # This variable is only used by our game. If it's true, it means     # that we won the date.     $ date = False      # Clear the game runtime timer, so it doesn't reflect time spent     # sitting at the main menu.     $ renpy.clear_game_runtime()      # Start some m",
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    "githubBigQuery": "Ren'Py",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/williamd1k0/language-renpy.git",
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    "id": "dax",
    "name": "DAX",
    "appeared": 2009,
    "measurements": 21,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "website": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dax/dax-overview",
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    "wikipedia_related": "excel-app",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Data Analysis Expressions (DAX) is the native formula and query language for Microsoft PowerPivot, Power BI Desktop and SQL Server Analysis Services (SSAS) Tabular models. DAX includes some of the functions that are used in Excel formulas with additional functions that are designed to work with relational data and perform dynamic aggregation. It is, in part, an evolution of the Multidimensional Expression (MDX) language developed by Microsoft for Analysis Services multidimensional models (often called cubes) combined with Excel formula functions. It is designed to be simple and easy to learn, while exposing the power and flexibility of PowerPivot and SSAS tabular models.",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "Data Analysis Expressions (DAX) is a formula expression language used in Analysis Services, Power BI, and Power Pivot in Excel. DAX formulas include functions, operators, and values to perform advanced calculations and queries on data in related tables and columns in tabular data models.",
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    "example": "EVALUATE  ( FILTER ( 'DimProduct', [SafetyStockLevel] < 200 ) ) ORDER BY [EnglishProductName] ASC",
    "keywords": "VAR RETURN NOT EVALUATE DATATABLE ORDER BY START AT DEFINE MEASURE ASC DESC IN BOOLEAN DOUBLE INTEGER DATETIME CURRENCY STRING",
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    "id": "vega",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "Vega is a visualization grammar, a declarative language for creating, saving, and sharing interactive visualization designs. With Vega, you can describe the visual appearance and interactive behavior of a visualization in a JSON format, and generate web-based views using Canvas or SVG.",
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    "id": "autolisp",
    "name": "AutoLISP",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "creators": "David Betz",
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    "tags": "pl lisp cad 3d",
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "AutoLISP is a dialect of the LISP programming language built specifically for use with the full version of AutoCAD and its derivatives, which include AutoCAD Map 3D, AutoCAD Architecture and AutoCAD Mechanical. Neither the application programming interface nor the interpreter to execute AutoLISP code are included in the AutoCAD LT product line.",
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    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 74,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 232,
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    "lab": "Autodesk && Basis Software",
    "rijuRepl_description": "AutoLISP is based on the LISP programming language, which is simple to learn and powerful for automating design tasks. No specialized programming tool or editor is required to create or modify AutoLISP programs.",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:AutoLISP",
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "(alert \"Hello World\") ",
    "wikipedia_example": "1 (defun c:pointlabel ( / pnt )  2     (if (setq pnt (getpoint \"\\nSpecify point: \"))  3         (progn  4             (entmake  5                 (list  6                    '(0 . \"POINT\")  7                     (cons 10 (trans pnt 1 0))  8                 )  9             ) 10             (entmake 11                 (list 12                    '(0 . \"TEXT\") 13                     (cons 10 (trans (cons (+ (car pnt) 0.6) (cdr pnt)) 1 0)) 14                     (cons 40 (getvar 'textsize)) 15                     (cons  1 (strcat \"X:\" (rtos (car pnt)) \" Y:\" (rtos (cadr pnt)))) 16                 ) 17             ) 18         ) 19     ) 20     (princ) 21 )",
    "leachim6": "AutoLISP",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoLISP",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1842",
    "tiobe": "AutoLISP",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1996|Goodheart-Willcox Pub|Autolisp Programming: Principles and Techniques|Rawls, Rod R. and Hagen, Mark A.|9781566374170\\n2008|Princeton Architectural Press|The Codewriting Workbook: Creating Computational Architecture in AutoLISP|Krawczyk, Robert J.|9781568987927\\n2000|Thomson Delmar Learning|AutoLISP to Visual LISP: Design Solutions: Design Solutions for AutoCAD 2000 (Autodesk's Programmer Series)|Standiford, Kevin|9780766815179\\n1998|Longman Pub Group|A Practical Guide to AutoCAD AutoLISP|Bousfield, Trevor|9780582326736\\n|Goodheart-Willcox Pub|AutoLISP Programming|Rod Rawls|9780870069420\\n1994|Goodheart-willcox Pub|Autolisp Programming/solution Manual|Rod Rawls and Mark Hagen|9780870069437\\n1999|Wiley|Using Autolisp With Autocad|Robert Mcfarlane and Camillus P. Mcelhinney|9780470328996\\n1996|Pearson|Introduction To Autolisp|Peter M. Moanfeldt|9780132066242\\n1998|Goodheart-willcox Pub|Autolisp Programming: Principles & Techniques|Rod R. Rawls and Mark A. Hagen|9781566374187\\n2014-08-11|Wiley Professional Development (P&T)|AutoCAD Platform Customization: AutoLISP|Lee Ambrosius|9781118900550\\n1995|Goodheart-willcox Pub|Autolisp Programming: Principles And Techniques|Rod R. Rawls and Mark A. Hagen|9781566371964\\n1989|Ariel Communications|Autolisp Concepts: Programming For Productivity|William Kramer|9780926401006\\n1999|Coriolis Group|Autolisp R15 In Depth: Expand Your Programming Possibilities||9781576104071\\n|Browning Computer Documentation|Autolisp Programming: A Coursework Book For The City & Guilds 4351-05 Scheme||9780952024101",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2013|Methodical complex of training in programming on AutoLISP language|10.12737/471|2|0|E. Alshakova|a2debd870483830578736892d1aeae39270920d1",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nAutoLISP Programming|1993|Rod R. Rawls|675018|2.50|2|0\\nAutoLISP Programming: Principles and Techniques|1997|Rod R. Rawls|15332754|0.0|0|0\\nAutoLISP: Programming by Example|1992|Gene Straka|3212808|0.0|0|0\\nAutoLISP: Programming by Example|1992|Gene Straka|15209678|0.0|0|0\\nAutoLISP Concepts: Programming for Productivity|1989|William Kramer|6371294|0.0|0|0\\nAutoLISP in Plain English: A Practical Guide for Non-Programmers|1987|George O. Head|675019|4.33|3|0"
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  {
    "id": "graph-it",
    "name": "GraphIt",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "measurements": 18,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://graphit-lang.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.1.2",
    "rank": 731,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 23216,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/GraphIt-DSL/graphit",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2017,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2017,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2021,
    "repoStats_commits": 1560,
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    "repoStats_files": 914,
    "repoStats_mb": 10,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 136135,
    "domainName_registered": 2018,
    "description": "GraphIt is a new DSL for graph computations that generates fast implementations for algorithms with different performance characteristics running on graphs with different sizes and structures. GraphIt separates what is computed (algorithm) from how it is computed (schedule). Programmers specify the algorithm using an algorithm language, and performance optimizations are specified using a separate scheduling language. The scheduling language enables programmers to easily search through this complicated tradeoff space by composing together a large set of edge traversal and vertex data layout optimizations.",
    "githubRepo_description": "GraphIt is a new DSL for graph computations that generates fast implementations for algorithms with different performance characteristics running on graphs with different sizes and structures. GraphIt separates what is computed (algorithm) from how it is computed (schedule). Programmers specify the algorithm using an algorithm language, and performance optimizations are specified using a separate scheduling language. The scheduling language enables programmers to easily search through this complicated tradeoff space by composing together a large set of edge traversal and vertex data layout optimizations.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/GraphIt-DSL",
    "rijuRepl_description": "GraphIt is a new DSL for graph computations that generates fast implementations for algorithms with different performance characteristics running on graphs with different sizes and structures. GraphIt separates what is computed (algorithm) from how it is computed (schedule). Programmers specify the algorithm using an algorithm language, and performance optimizations are specified using a separate scheduling language. The scheduling language enables programmers to easily search through this complicated tradeoff space by composing together a large set of edge traversal and vertex data layout optimizations.",
    "fileExtensions": "gt",
    "writtenIn": "cpp python markdown lisp make cmake yaml csv",
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "element Vertex end element Edge end const edges : edgeset{Edge}(Vertex,Vertex) = load (argv[1]); const vertices : vertexset{Vertex} = edges.getVertices(); const old_rank : vector{Vertex}(double) = 1.0/vertices.size(); const new_rank : vector{Vertex}(double) = 0.0; const out_degree : vector {Vertex}(int) = edges.getOutDegrees(); const contrib : vector{Vertex}(double) = 0.0; const error : vector{Vertex}(double) = 0.0; const damp : double = 0.85; const beta_score : double = (1.0 - damp) / vertices.size();  func computeContrib(v : Vertex)     contrib[v] = old_rank[v] / out_degree[v]; end  func updateEdge(src : Vertex, dst : Vertex)     new_rank[dst] += contrib[src]; end  func updateVertex(v : Vertex)     var old_score : double = old_rank[v];     new_rank[v] = beta_score + damp*(new_rank[v]);     error[v] = fabs(new_rank[v] - old_rank[v]);     old_rank[v] = new_rank[v];     new_rank[v] = 0.0; end  func printRank(v : Vertex)     print old_rank[v]; end  func reset(v: Vertex)     old_rank[v] = 1.0/vertices.size();     new_rank[v] = 0.0; end  func main()     for trail in 0:10       startTimer();         vertices.apply(reset);       for i in 0:20           vertices.apply(computeContrib);             #s1# edges.apply(updateEdge);             vertices.apply(updateVertex);       end        var elapsed_time : double = stopTimer();       print \"elapsed time: \";       print elapsed_time;     end end  % specify schedules here or use a separate schedule file",
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    "domainName": "graphit-lang.org",
    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|url|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n18499287|GraphIt: A High-Performance Domain-Specific Language for Graph Analytics|http://graphit-lang.org/|2018-11-21 00:50:23 UTC|1542761423|ArtWomb|2|34"
  },
  {
    "id": "maskjs",
    "name": "Mask",
    "appeared": 2012,
    "measurements": 24,
    "tags": "template",
    "website": "http://www.atmajs.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.72.47",
    "rank": 732,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/atmajs/maskjs",
    "primaryTag": "template",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 576,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 595,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 306,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "mask",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.mask",
    "githubLanguage_type": "markup",
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    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 60,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 2,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "javascript.py",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2012,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2023,
    "repoStats_commits": 1714,
    "repoStats_committers": 9,
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    "domainName_registered": 2013,
    "lab": "https://github.com/atmajs",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "mask",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "mask",
    "writtenIn": "typescript javascript json html markdown yaml css ini",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 321,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Germany",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": " // HTML Elements header {          img .logo src='/images/~[currentLogo].png' alt=logo;          h4 > 'Bar View'          if (currentUser) {                  .account >             a href='/acount' >                 'Hello, ~[currentUser.username]'     } }  .view {     ul {                 // Iteration         for ((user, index) of users) {                          li.user data-id='~[user.id]' {                                  // interpolation                 .name > '~[ user.username ]'                                  // expression                 .count > '~[: user.level.toFixed(2) ]'                                  // util                 /* Localization sample                  * lastActivity: \"Am {0:dd. MM} war der letzte Eintrag\"                  */                 .date > '~[ L: \"lastActivity\",  user.date]'             }         }     }          // Component     :countdownComponent {         input type = text >             :dualbind value='number';                      button x-signal='click: countdownStart' > 'Start';                  h5 {             '~[bind: number]'                          :animation x-slot='countdownStart' {                 @model > 'transition | scale(0) > scale(1) | 500ms'                 @next  > 'background-color | red > blue | 2s linear'             }         }     } }  footer > :bazCompo {          'Component generated at ~[: $u.format($c.date, \"HH-mm\") ]' }",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Mask",
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    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
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    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "atmajs.com",
    "githubBigQuery": "Mask",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/tenbits/sublime-mask",
    "githubLanguage": "Mask"
  },
  {
    "id": "wiredtiger",
    "name": "WiredTiger",
    "appeared": 2010,
    "creators": "Keith Bostic and Michael Cahill",
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "library database",
    "website": "http://source.wiredtiger.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 23215,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/wiredtiger/wiredtiger",
    "primaryTag": "library",
    "githubRepo_created": 2011,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2025,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 104,
    "githubRepo_forks": 392,
    "githubRepo_stars": 2245,
    "githubRepo_issues": 35,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2008,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 564019,
    "description": "WiredTiger database engine",
    "githubRepo_description": "WiredTiger database engine",
    "rijuRepl_description": "WiredTiger database engine",
    "writtenIn": "python c cpp cmake bourne-shell bash markdown restructuredtext yaml tcl json html make css toml svg jupyter-notebook javascript perl starlark xml assembly-language powershell dockerfile ini diff",
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    "related": "mongodb",
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "United States",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/wiredtiger/wiredtiger",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiredTiger",
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    "id": "mps",
    "name": "MPS",
    "appeared": 2010,
    "measurements": 18,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "website": "https://www.jetbrains.com/mps/",
    "foundationScore": 1,
    "rank": 734,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 23215,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "datev",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/JetBrains/MPS",
    "primaryTag": "grammarLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Meta programming System",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2004,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2018,
    "wikipedia_related": "java",
    "wikipedia_summary": "JetBrains MPS is a metaprogramming system which is being developed by JetBrains. MPS is a tool to design Domain-specific languages (DSL). It uses projectional editing which allows users to overcome the limits of language parsers, and build DSL editors, such as ones with tables and diagrams. It implements language-oriented programming. MPS is an environment for language definition, a language workbench, and integrated development environment (IDE) for such languages.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 39,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 23,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Apache Velocity is a Java-based template engine that provides a template language to reference objects defined in Java code. It aims to ensure clean separation between the presentation tier and business tiers in a Web application (the model–view–controller design pattern). Velocity is an open source software project hosted by the Apache Software Foundation. It is released under the Apache License.",
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    "id": "mql",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "c_like.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2005,
    "wikipedia_summary": "MQL4 (MetaQuotes Language 4) and MQL5 (MetaQuotes Language 5) are integrated programming languages designed for developing trading robots, technical market indicators, scripts and function libraries within the MetaTrader software. The primary objective of MQL4 and MQL5 is automation of trading and facilitation of operational analysis. MQL4 and MQL5 comprises an extensive codebase source code library used for developing trading robots.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2014,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 52,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 44398671,
    "lab": "MetaQuotes Software",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "mq5 mqh",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "mq4 mq5 mqh",
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    "country": "Russia",
    "reference": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11765028",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "//+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //|                                                script-sample.mq5 | //|                                   Copyright 2016, Andrey Osorgin | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //|                     The MIT License (MIT)                        | //|                                                                  | //| Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person      | //| obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation   | //| files (the \"Software\"), to deal in the Software without          | //| restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,     | //| copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell| //| copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the        | //| Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following         | //| conditions:                                                      | //|                                                                  | //| The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be   | //| included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.  | //|                                                                  | //| THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,  | //| EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES  | //| OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND         | //| NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT      | //| HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,     | //| WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING     | //| FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR    | //| OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.                                  | //|                                                                  | //| A copy of the MIT License (MIT) is available at                  | //| https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT                              | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ #property version   \"1.00\" #property script_show_inputs  #include <Trade\\Trade.mqh>  input int StopLoss=100; // Stop Loss input int TakeProfit=100; // Take Profit //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ //| Script program start function                                    | //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ void OnStart()   {    CTrade trade; //---    long stoplevel=SymbolInfoInteger(Symbol(),SYMBOL_TRADE_STOPS_LEVEL);    Print(\"Minimum stop level is: \",stoplevel);    double ask=SymbolInfoDouble(Symbol(),SYMBOL_ASK);    double bid=SymbolInfoDouble(Symbol(),SYMBOL_BID);    double sl = NormalizeDouble(bid - StopLoss*Point(),Digits());    double tp = NormalizeDouble(ask + TakeProfit*Point(),Digits()); //---    bool result=trade.Buy(0.01,Symbol(),ask,sl,tp,\"test\"); //---    Print(\"Success? \",result);   } //+------------------------------------------------------------------+ ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "MQL",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
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    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "wikipedia": "https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/MetaQuotes_Language_MQL4/MQL5",
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    "githubBigQuery": "MQL4",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/mqsoft/MQL5-sublime",
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    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nHow Hard is Mql4 Programming: A guide for the Absolute Beginner. (JimdDandy's Mql4 Programming Books Book 1)|2014|Jim Hodges|43563344|4.43|7|2\\nProgrammer En Mql4||Henri Baltzer|63225783|0.0|0|0\\nExpert Advisor Programming for MetaTrader 4. Creating automated trading systems in the MQL4 language|2009|Andrew R. Young|11791642|3.65|17|1\\nExpert Advisor Programming for Metatrader 5: Creating Automated Trading Systems in the Mql5 Language|2013|Andrew R. Young|23933556|3.83|6|0\\nIntroduction to MetaTrader 5 and Programming with MQL5 : Create your 1st Investment Robot with MQL5 step by step from ZERO.||Rafael F. V. C. Santos|63495915|1.00|1|0\\nMQL5 programming language: Advanced use of the trading platform MetaTrader 5: Creating trading robots and indicators||Timur Mashnin|54147063|3.00|1|0"
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    "id": "rhombus",
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    "example": "// simple syntax for everyday tasks class Rect(left, top, right, bottom)                       fun area(r):   let w = r.right - r.left   let h = r.bottom - r.top   w*h                                  area(Rect(0, 0, 10, 5)) // ⇒ 50",
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    "id": "cairo",
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    "measurements": 23,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://mx.gw.com",
    "foundationScore": 13,
    "rank": 760,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 23173,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 13,
    "inboundLinks": "eiffel fardlang git iterm2 java ncl noweb opam-pm pygments python racket smpl sugar",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "c/C Shell.csh",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1978,
    "wikipedia_related": "c linux bourne-shell algol-68 unicode grep bash",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The C shell (csh or the improved version, tcsh) is a Unix shell created by Bill Joy while he was a graduate student at University of California Berkeley in the late 1970s. It has been widely distributed, beginning with the 2BSD release of the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) that Joy began distributing in 1978. Other early contributors to the ideas or the code were Michael Ubell, Eric Allman, Mike O'Brien and Jim Kulp. The C shell is a command processor typically run in a text window, allowing the user to type commands. The C shell can also read commands from a file, called a script. Like all Unix shells, it supports filename wildcarding, piping, here documents, command substitution, variables and control structures for condition-testing and iteration. What differentiated the C shell from others, especially in the 1980s, were its interactive features and overall style. Its new features made it easier and faster to use. The overall style of the language looked more like C and was seen as more readable. On many systems, such as Mac OS X and Red Hat Linux, csh is actually tcsh, an improved version of csh. Often one of the two files is either a hard link or a symbolic link to the other, so that either name refers to the same improved version of the C shell. On Debian and some derivatives (including Ubuntu), there are two different packages: csh and tcsh. The former is based on the original BSD version of csh and the latter is the improved tcsh. tcsh added filename and command completion and command line editing concepts borrowed from the Tenex system, which is the source of the \"t\". Because it only added functionality and did not change what was there, tcsh remained backward compatible with the original C shell. Though it started as a side branch from the original source tree Joy had created, tcsh is now the main branch for ongoing development. tcsh is very stable but new releases continue to appear roughly once a year, consisting mostly of minor bug fixes.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 19,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 173,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 3,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 95833,
    "lab": "University of California Berkeley",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 116,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 28,
    "clocExtensions": "csh tcsh",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "#!/bin/csh echo \"Hello World\" ",
    "wikipedia_example": "# Always creates an empty file if ( ! -e myfile ) echo mytext > myfile",
    "leachim6": "C Shell",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "printToken": "echo",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasHereDocs": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_Shell",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "tiobe": "C shell",
    "domainName": "mx.gw.com"
  },
  {
    "id": "wavefront-object",
    "name": "Wavefront OBJ format",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "textDataFormat 3d",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 761,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 23171,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "textDataFormat",
    "githubLanguage_repos": 331144,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.wavefront.obj",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 45,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2016,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2017,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 5,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 1,
    "aka": "OBJ",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2004,
    "wikipedia_related": "ascii",
    "wikipedia_summary": "OBJ (or .OBJ) is a geometry definition file format first developed by Wavefront Technologies for its Advanced Visualizer animation package. The file format is open and has been adopted by other 3D graphics application vendors. The OBJ file format is a simple data-format that represents 3D geometry alone — namely, the position of each vertex, the UV position of each texture coordinate vertex, vertex normals, and the faces that make each polygon defined as a list of vertices, and texture vertices.  Vertices are stored in a counter-clockwise order by default, making explicit declaration of face normals unnecessary. OBJ coordinates have no units, but OBJ files can contain scale information in a human readable comment line.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 552,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 177,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 386,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1710972,
    "description": "The Wavefront OBJ format is a format for defining the 3D geometry for the surface of one or more objects. The format was first used by Wavefront Technologies around 1990 and a specification was published to encourage interoperability. The introduction to the specification stated, \"Object files define the geometry and other properties for objects in Wavefront’s Advanced Visualizer. Object files can also be used to transfer geometric data back and forth between the Advanced Visualizer and other applications.\" Since the mid 1990s, the ASCII-based format has been treated as a vendor-neutral format, referred to as 'Wavefront OBJ,\" \"Alias/Wavefront OBJ,\" or simply \"OBJ.\" In 2020, the format remains widely used, particularly for 3D printing of objects in multiple colors.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The Wavefront OBJ format is a format for defining the 3D geometry for the surface of one or more objects. The format was first used by Wavefront Technologies around 1990 and a specification was published to encourage interoperability. The introduction to the specification stated, \"Object files define the geometry and other properties for objects in Wavefront’s Advanced Visualizer. Object files can also be used to transfer geometric data back and forth between the Advanced Visualizer and other applications.\" Since the mid 1990s, the ASCII-based format has been treated as a vendor-neutral format, referred to as 'Wavefront OBJ,\" \"Alias/Wavefront OBJ,\" or simply \"OBJ.\" In 2020, the format remains widely used, particularly for 3D printing of objects in multiple colors.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The Wavefront OBJ format is a format for defining the 3D geometry for the surface of one or more objects. The format was first used by Wavefront Technologies around 1990 and a specification was published to encourage interoperability. The introduction to the specification stated, \"Object files define the geometry and other properties for objects in Wavefront’s Advanced Visualizer. Object files can also be used to transfer geometric data back and forth between the Advanced Visualizer and other applications.\" Since the mid 1990s, the ASCII-based format has been treated as a vendor-neutral format, referred to as 'Wavefront OBJ,\" \"Alias/Wavefront OBJ,\" or simply \"OBJ.\" In 2020, the format remains widely used, particularly for 3D printing of objects in multiple colors.",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "obj",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2980,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 13,
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/wavefront",
    "reference": "https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Wavefront+file+formats&hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_ylo=1980&as_yhi=1992",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "cstype bmatrix deg 3 3 step 3 3 bmat u  1  -3   3  -1 \\         0   3  -6   3 \\         0   0   3  -3 \\         0   0   0   1  bmat v  1  -3  -3   2 \\         2   2   2   3 \\         0   0   0  -2 \\         0   0   0   2  # Special point and space curve data vp 0.500 vp 0.700 vp 1.100 vp 0.200 0.950 v  0.300 1.500 0.100 v  0.000  0.000  0.000 v  1.000  1.000  0.000 v  2.000  1.000  0.000 v  3.000  0.000  0.000 cstype bezier deg 3 curv 0.2 0.9 -4 -3 -2 -1 sp 1 parm u 0.00 1.00 end # Trimming curve vp -0.675  1.850  3.000 vp  0.915  1.930 vp  2.485  0.470  2.000 vp  2.485 -1.030 vp  1.605 -1.890 10.700 vp -0.745 -0.654  0.500 cstype rat bezier curv2 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 -6 parm u 0.00 1.00 2.00 sp 2 3 end  # Surface v -1.350 -1.030 0.000 v  0.130 -1.030 0.432 7.600 v  1.480 -1.030 0.000 2.300 v -1.460  0.060 0.201 v  0.120  0.060 0.915 0.500 v  1.380  0.060 0.454 1.500 v -1.480  1.030 0.000 2.300 v  0.120  1.030 0.394 6.100 v  1.170  1.030 0.000 3.300  cstype rat bspline deg 2 2 surf -1.0 2.5 -2.0 2.0 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 parm u -1.00 -1.00 -1.00 2.50 2.50 2.50 parm v -2.00 -2.00 -2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 trim 0.0 2.0 1 2.2 2.2 3 sp 4  con 1 2.0 2.0 1 2 4.0 3.0 1 end ",
    "wikipedia_example": "Pr/map_Pr     # roughness Pm/map_Pm     # metallic Ps/map_Ps     # sheen Pc            # clearcoat thickness Pcr           # clearcoat roughness Ke/map_Ke     # emissive aniso         # anisotropy anisor        # anisotropy rotation norm          # normal map, same format as \"bump\" parameter",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavefront_.obj_file",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/Alhadis/language-wavefront",
    "githubLanguage": "Wavefront Object"
  },
  {
    "id": "java-bytecode",
    "name": "Java Bytecode",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "bytecode",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 762,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 23171,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "bytecode",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
    "wikipedia_related": "jvm java assembly-language c coldfusion jruby jython ruby python groovy scala ada clojure lisp javafx-script kotlin object-pascal free-pascal cil",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Java bytecode is the instruction set of the Java virtual machine (JVM).",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 302,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 175,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 373,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 38321273,
    "lab": "Oracle",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1530,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 15,
    "docs": "https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jvms/se7/html/",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "0:   iconst_2 1:   istore_1 2:   iload_1 3:   sipush  1000 6:   if_icmpge       44 9:   iconst_2 10:  istore_2 11:  iload_2 12:  iload_1 13:  if_icmpge       31 16:  iload_1 17:  iload_2 18:  irem 19:  ifne    25 22:  goto    38 25:  iinc    2, 1 28:  goto    11 31:  getstatic       #84; // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream; 34:  iload_1 35:  invokevirtual   #85; // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(I)V 38:  iinc    1, 1 41:  goto    2 44:  return",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_bytecode",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "picolisp",
    "name": "PicoLisp",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "creators": "Alexander Burger",
    "measurements": 23,
    "tags": "pl lisp",
    "website": "https://picolisp.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "blog": "http://pico-lisp.blogspot.com/",
    "rank": 763,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 23170,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 85,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 99,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 114,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_interpreters": "picolisp pil",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "lisp",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.lisp",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 40,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2005,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 6,
    "domainName_registered": 2007,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1988,
    "wikipedia_related": "lisp linux s-expressions common-lisp emacs-lisp prolog c assembly-language java",
    "wikipedia_summary": "PicoLisp is an open source Lisp dialect. It runs on Linux and other POSIX-compliant systems.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 19,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 28,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 124,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 25055375,
    "lab": "https://www.mail-archive.com/picolisp@software-lab.de",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "l",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "l",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 316,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 24,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#picolisp",
    "docs": "https://picolisp.com/wiki/?Documentation",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:PicoLisp",
    "country": "Germany",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# 11dec13abu # (c) Software Lab. Alexander Burger  (de permute (Lst)    (ifn (cdr Lst)       (cons Lst)       (mapcan          '((X)             (mapcar                '((Y) (cons X Y))                (permute (delete X Lst)) ) )          Lst ) ) )  (de subsets (N Lst)    (cond       ((=0 N) '(NIL))       ((not Lst))       (T          (conc             (mapcar                '((X) (cons (car Lst) X))                (subsets (dec N) (cdr Lst)) )             (subsets N (cdr Lst)) ) ) ) )  (de shuffle (Lst)    (by '(NIL (rand)) sort Lst) )  (de samples (Cnt Lst)    (make       (until (=0 Cnt)          (when (>= Cnt (rand 1 (length Lst)))             (link (car Lst))             (dec 'Cnt) )          (pop 'Lst) ) ) )   # Genetic Algorithm (de gen (\"Pop\" \"Cond\" \"Re\" \"Mu\" \"Se\")    (until (\"Cond\" \"Pop\")       (for (\"P\" \"Pop\" \"P\" (cdr \"P\"))          (set \"P\"             (maxi \"Se\"  # Selection                (make                   (for (\"P\" \"Pop\" \"P\")                      (rot \"P\" (rand 1 (length \"P\")))                      (link  # Recombination + Mutation                         (\"Mu\" (\"Re\" (pop '\"P\") (pop '\"P\"))) ) ) ) ) ) ) )    (maxi \"Se\" \"Pop\") )   # Alpha-Beta tree search (de game (\"Flg\" \"Cnt\" \"Moves\" \"Move\" \"Cost\")    (let (\"Alpha\" '(1000000)  \"Beta\" -1000000)       (recur (\"Flg\" \"Cnt\" \"Alpha\" \"Beta\")          (let? \"Lst\" (\"Moves\" \"Flg\")             (if (=0 (dec '\"Cnt\"))                (loop                   (\"Move\" (caar \"Lst\"))                   (setq \"*Val\" (list (\"Cost\" \"Flg\") (car \"Lst\")))                   (\"Move\" (cdar \"Lst\"))                   (T (>= \"Beta\" (car \"*Val\"))                      (cons \"Beta\" (car \"Lst\") (cdr \"Alpha\")) )                   (when (> (car \"Alpha\") (car \"*Val\"))                      (setq \"Alpha\" \"*Val\") )                   (NIL (setq \"Lst\" (cdr \"Lst\")) \"Alpha\") )                (setq \"Lst\"                   (sort                      (mapcar                         '((\"Mov\")                            (prog2                               (\"Move\" (car \"Mov\"))                               (cons (\"Cost\" \"Flg\") \"Mov\")                               (\"Move\" (cdr \"Mov\")) ) )                         \"Lst\" ) ) )                (loop                   (\"Move\" (cadar \"Lst\"))                   (setq \"*Val\"                      (if (recurse (not \"Flg\") \"Cnt\" (cons (- \"Beta\")) (- (car \"Alpha\")))                         (cons (- (car @)) (cdar \"Lst\") (cdr @))                         (list (caar \"Lst\") (cdar \"Lst\")) ) )                   (\"Move\" (cddar \"Lst\"))                   (T (>= \"Beta\" (car \"*Val\"))                      (cons \"Beta\" (cdar \"Lst\") (cdr \"Alpha\")) )                   (when (> (car \"Alpha\") (car \"*Val\"))                      (setq \"Alpha\" \"*Val\") )                   (NIL (setq \"Lst\" (cdr \"Lst\")) \"Alpha\") ) ) ) ) ) )   ### Grids ### (de grid (DX DY FX FY)    (let Grid       (make          (for X DX             (link                (make                   (for Y DY                      (set                         (link                            (if (> DX 26)                               (box)                               (intern (pack (char (+ X 96)) Y)) ) )                         (cons (cons) (cons)) ) ) ) ) ) )       (let West (and FX (last Grid))          (for (Lst Grid  Lst)             (let                (Col (pop 'Lst)                   East (or (car Lst) (and FX (car Grid)))                   South (and FY (last Col)) )                (for (L Col  L)                   (with (pop 'L)                      (set (: 0 1) (pop 'West))  # west                      (con (: 0 1) (pop 'East))  # east                      (set (: 0 -1) South)       # south                      (con (: 0 -1)              # north                         (or (car L) (and FY (car Col))) )                      (setq South This) ) )                (setq West Col) ) ) )       Grid ) )  (de west (This)    (: 0 1 1) )  (de east (This)    (: 0 1 -1) )  (de south (This)    (: 0 -1 1) )  (de north (This)    (: 0 -1 -1) )  (de disp (\"Grid\" \"How\" \"Fun\" \"X\" \"Y\" \"DX\" \"DY\")    (setq \"Grid\"       (if \"X\"          (mapcar             '((L) (flip (head \"DY\" (nth L \"Y\"))))             (head \"DX\" (nth \"Grid\" \"X\")) )          (mapcar reverse \"Grid\") ) )    (let (N (+ (length (cdar \"Grid\")) (or \"Y\" 1))  Sp (length N))       (\"border\" north)       (while (caar \"Grid\")          (prin \" \" (align Sp N) \" \"             (and \"How\" (if (and (nT \"How\") (west (caar \"Grid\"))) \" \" '|)) )          (for L \"Grid\"             (prin                (\"Fun\" (car L))                (and \"How\" (if (and (nT \"How\") (east (car L))) \" \" '|)) ) )          (prinl)          (\"border\" south)          (map pop \"Grid\")          (dec 'N) )       (unless (> (default \"X\" 1) 26)          (space (inc Sp))          (for @ \"Grid\"             (prin \" \" (and \"How\" \"  \") (char (+ 96 \"X\")))             (T (> (inc '\"X\") 26)) )          (prinl) ) ) )  (de \"border\" (Dir)    (when \"How\"       (space Sp)       (prin \"  +\")       (for L \"Grid\"          (prin (if (and (nT \"How\") (Dir (car L))) \"   +\" \"---+\")) )       (prinl) ) ) ",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PicoLisp",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "picolisp.com",
    "githubBigQuery": "PicoLisp",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/lisp.tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "PicoLisp"
  },
  {
    "id": "nostr",
    "name": "Nostr",
    "appeared": 2020,
    "creators": "Giovanni Torres Parra",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "protocol microblogging",
    "website": "https://nostr.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 764,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 23169,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nostr",
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
    "githubRepo_created": 2020,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 194,
    "githubRepo_forks": 313,
    "githubRepo_stars": 9793,
    "githubRepo_issues": 65,
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Notes and Other Stuff Transmitted by Relays",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2020,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 141,
    "repoStats_committers": 24,
    "repoStats_files": 2,
    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 45,
    "description": "Nostr is a simple, open protocol that enables global, decentralized, and censorship-resistant social media.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Nostr is a simple, open protocol that enables global, decentralized, and censorship-resistant social media.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Nostr is a simple, open protocol that enables global, decentralized, and censorship-resistant social media.",
    "writtenIn": "markdown",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 10778,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 13,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nostr",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nostr",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "vimwiki",
    "name": "Vimwiki",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "creators": "Maxim Kim",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "wikiMarkup",
    "website": "http://vimwiki.github.io/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v2.4.1",
    "rank": 765,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 8,
    "pldbScore": 23168,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/vimwiki/vimwiki",
    "primaryTag": "wikiMarkup",
    "githubRepo_created": 2012,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2008,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 110,
    "githubRepo_forks": 625,
    "githubRepo_stars": 8674,
    "githubRepo_issues": 193,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2008,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 1147,
    "repoStats_committers": 172,
    "repoStats_files": 115,
    "repoStats_mb": 7,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 43944,
    "writtenIn": "vim-script markdown bourne-shell svg yaml css dockerfile toml",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 10723,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 20,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 2,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/vimwiki",
    "rijuRepl_example": "Hello, world!",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/vimwiki/vimwiki",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "vimwiki.github.io"
  },
  {
    "id": "pl-m",
    "name": "PL/M",
    "appeared": 1973,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 1,
    "rank": 766,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 23168,
    "hoplId": 591,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "cloc",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Programming Language for Microcomputers",
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Period  std-table = std-table-open key *( table-key-sep key) std-table-close  ;; Array Table  array-table-open  = %x5B.5B ws  ; [[ Double left square bracket array-table-close = ws %x5D.5D  ; ]] Double right square bracket  array-table = array-table-open key *( table-key-sep key) array-table-close  ;; Integer  integer = [ minus / plus ] int minus = %x2D                       ; - plus = %x2B                        ; + digit1-9 = %x31-39                 ; 1-9 underscore = %x5F                  ; _ int = DIGIT / digit1-9 1*( DIGIT / underscore DIGIT )  ;; Float  float = integer ( frac / frac exp / exp ) zero-prefixable-int = DIGIT *( DIGIT / underscore DIGIT ) frac = decimal-point zero-prefixable-int decimal-point = %x2E               ; . exp = e integer e = %x65 / %x45                    ; e E  ;; String  string = basic-string / ml-basic-string / literal-string / ml-literal-string  ;; Basic String  basic-string = quotation-mark *basic-char quotation-mark  quotation-mark = %x22            ; \"  basic-char = basic-unescaped / escaped escaped = escape ( %x22 /          ; \"    quotation mark  U+0022                    %x5C /          ; \\    reverse solidus U+005C                    %x2F /          ; /    solidus         U+002F                    %x62 /          ; b    backspace       U+0008                    %x66 /          ; f    form feed       U+000C                    %x6E /          ; n    line feed       U+000A                    %x72 /          ; r    carriage return U+000D                    %x74 /          ; t    tab             U+0009                    %x75 4HEXDIG /  ; uXXXX                U+XXXX                    %x55 8HEXDIG )  ; UXXXXXXXX            U+XXXXXXXX  basic-unescaped = %x20-21 / %x23-5B / %x5D-10FFFF  escape = %x5C                    ; \\  ;; Multiline Basic String  ml-basic-string-delim = quotation-mark quotation-mark quotation-mark ml-basic-string = ml-basic-string-delim ml-basic-body ml-basic-string-delim ml-basic-body = *( ml-basic-char / newline / ( escape newline ))  ml-basic-char = ml-basic-unescaped / escaped ml-basic-unescaped = %x20-5B / %x5D-10FFFF  ;; Literal String  literal-string = apostraphe *literal-char apostraphe  apostraphe = %x27 ; ' Apostrophe  literal-char = %x09 / %x20-26 / %x28-10FFFF  ;; Multiline Literal String  ml-literal-string-delim = apostraphe apostraphe apostraphe ml-literal-string = ml-literal-string-delim ml-literal-body ml-literal-string-delim  ml-literal-body = *( ml-literal-char / newline ) ml-literal-char = %x09 / %x20-10FFFF  ;; Boolean  boolean = true / false true    = %x74.72.75.65     ; true false   = %x66.61.6C.73.65  ; false  ;; Datetime (as defined in RFC 3339)  date-fullyear  = 4DIGIT date-month     = 2DIGIT  ; 01-12 date-mday      = 2DIGIT  ; 01-28, 01-29, 01-30, 01-31 based on month/year time-hour      = 2DIGIT  ; 00-23 time-minute    = 2DIGIT  ; 00-59 time-second    = 2DIGIT  ; 00-58, 00-59, 00-60 based on leap second rules time-secfrac   = \".\" 1*DIGIT time-numoffset = ( \"+\" / \"-\" ) time-hour \":\" time-minute time-offset    = \"Z\" / time-numoffset  partial-time   = time-hour \":\" time-minute \":\" time-second [time-secfrac] full-date      = date-fullyear \"-\" date-month \"-\" date-mday full-time      = partial-time time-offset  date-time      = full-date \"T\" full-time  ;; Array  array-open  = %x5B ws  ; [ array-close = ws %x5D  ; ]  array = array-open array-values array-close  array-values = [ val [ array-sep ] [ ( comment newlines) / newlines ] /                  val array-sep [ ( comment newlines) / newlines ] array-values ]  array-sep = ws %x2C ws  ; , Comma  ;; Inline Table  inline-table-open  = %x7B ws     ; { inline-table-close = ws %x7D     ; } inline-table-sep   = ws %x2C ws  ; , Comma  inline-table = inline-table-open inline-table-keyvals inline-table-close  inline-table-keyvals = [ inline-table-keyvals-non-empty ] inline-table-keyvals-non-empty = key keyval-sep val /                                  key keyval-sep val inline-table-sep inline-table-keyvals-non-empty  ;; Built-in ABNF terms, reproduced here for clarity  ; ALPHA = %x41-5A / %x61-7A ; A-Z / a-z ; DIGIT = %x30-39 ; 0-9 ; HEXDIG = DIGIT / \"A\" / \"B\" / \"C\" / \"D\" / \"E\" / \"F\" ",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://smallbasic.github.io",
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    "wikipedia_related": "microsoft-small-basic basic qbasic c gw-basic brainfuck linux android",
    "wikipedia_summary": "SmallBASIC is a BASIC programming language dialect with interpreters released as  free software under the GNU General Public License version 2.",
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    "id": "dbase",
    "name": "DBase",
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    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "application",
    "website": "http://www.dbase.com/",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "dBase (also stylized dBASE) was one of the first database management systems for microcomputers, and the most successful in its day. The dBase system includes the core database engine, a query system, a forms engine, and a programming language that ties all of these components together. dBase's underlying file format, the .dbf file, is widely used in applications needing a simple format to store structured data. dBase was originally published by Ashton-Tate for microcomputer operating system CP/M in 1980, and later ported to Apple II and IBM PC computers running DOS. On the PC platform, in particular, dBase became one of the best-selling software titles for a number of years. A major upgrade was released as dBase III, and ported to a wider variety of platforms, adding UNIX, and VMS. By the mid-1980s, Ashton-Tate was one of the \"big three\" software publishers in the early business software market, the others being Lotus Development and WordPerfect. Starting in the mid-1980s, several companies produced their own variations on the dBase product and especially the dBase programming language. These included FoxBASE+ (later renamed FoxPro), Clipper, and other so-called xBase products. Many of these were technically stronger than dBase, but could not push it aside in the market. This changed with the disastrous introduction of dBase IV, whose design and stability were so poor that many users switched to other products. At the same time, there was growing use of IBM-invented SQL (Structured Query Language) in database products. Another factor was user adoption of Microsoft Windows on desktop computers. The shift toward SQL and Windows put pressure on the makers of xBase products to invest in major redesign to provide new capabilities. In spite of growing pressure to evolve, in the early 1990s xBase products constituted the leading database platform for implementing business applications. The size and impact of the xBase market did not go unnoticed, and within one year, the three top xBase firms were acquired by larger software companies. Borland purchased Ashton-Tate, Microsoft bought Fox Software, and Computer Associates acquired Nantucket. However, by the following decade most of the original xBase products had faded from prominence and several disappeared. Products known as dBase still exist, owned by dBase LLC.",
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    "website": "http://www.byond.com/docs/guide/",
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    "description": "DM is a programming language for the creation of multi-user worlds. By `world' I mean a virtual multi-media environment where people assume personae through which they interact with one another and computer-controlled objects. This could take the form of a competitive game, a role-playing adventure, a discussion board, or something we haven't even imagined.",
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    "lab": "BYOND Software",
    "rijuRepl_description": "DM is a programming language for the creation of multi-user worlds. By `world' I mean a virtual multi-media environment where people assume personae through which they interact with one another and computer-controlled objects. This could take the form of a competitive game, a role-playing adventure, a discussion board, or something we haven't even imagined.",
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    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:DM",
    "country": "Unknown",
    "reference": "http://www.byond.com/developer",
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    "githubLanguage": "DM"
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    "id": "ffmpeg",
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    "id": "lpc",
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    "appeared": 1995,
    "creators": "Lars Pensjö",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://lpmuds.net",
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    "lab": "Chalmers Datorförening",
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    "country": "Sweden",
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    "tags": "versionControlApplication",
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    "download": "https://www.mercurial-scm.org/downloads",
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    "maintainerOrganization": "Software Freedom Conservancy",
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    "wikipedia_related": "python c freebsd linux subversion http rust clisp octave nginx-config",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Mercurial is a distributed revision-control tool for software developers. It is supported on Microsoft Windows and Unix-like systems, such as FreeBSD, macOS and Linux. Mercurial's major design goals include high performance and scalability, decentralized, fully distributed collaborative development, robust handling of both plain text and binary files, and advanced branching and merging capabilities, while remaining conceptually simple. It includes an integrated web-interface. Mercurial has also taken steps to ease the transition for users of other version control systems, particularly Subversion. Mercurial is primarily a command-line driven program, but graphical user interface extensions are available, e.g. TortoiseHg, and several IDEs offer support for version control with Mercurial. All of Mercurial's operations are invoked as arguments to its driver program hg (a reference to Hg - the chemical symbol of the element mercury). Matt Mackall originated Mercurial and serves as its lead developer. Mercurial is released as free software under the terms of the GNU GPL v2 (or any later version). It is mainly implemented using the Python programming language, but includes a binary diff implementation written in C.",
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    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercurial",
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    "id": "pogoscript",
    "name": "PogoScript",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "measurements": 18,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://pogoscript.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.10.0",
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    "pldbScore": 23002,
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    "domainName_registered": 2011,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "httpism = require 'httpism' async = require 'async' resolve = require 'url'.resolve  exports.squash (url) ! =     html = httpism.get ! (url).body     squash html ! (html, url)  squash html (html, url, callback) =     replacements = sort (links in (html).concat(scripts in (html)))     for each @(r) in (replacements) @{ r.url = resolve(url, r.href) }     async.map (replacements, get) @(err, requested)         callback (err, replace (requested) in (html))  sort (replacements) =     replacements.sort @(a, b) @{ a.index - b.index }  get (replacement) =     replacement.body = httpism.get ! (replacement.url).body     replacement  replace (replacements) in (html) =     i = 0     parts = \"\"     for each @(rep) in (replacements)         parts := \"#(parts)#(html.substring(i, rep.index))<#(rep.tag)>#(rep.body)</#(rep.tag)>\"         i := rep.index + rep.length          parts + html.substr(i)  links in (html) =     link reg = r/<link\\s[^>]*href=[\"']?([^\"']+)[\"'][^\\>]*(\\/\\>|\\>\\s*\\<\\/link\\>)/gi     elements in (html) matching (link reg) as 'style'  scripts in (html) =     script reg = r/<script\\s[^>]*src=[\"']?([^\"']+)[\"'][^\\>]*(\\/\\>|\\>\\s*\\<\\/script\\>)/gi     elements in (html) matching (script reg) as 'script'  elements in (html) matching (reg) as (tag) =     elements = []     while (m = reg.exec (html))         elements.push { tag = tag, index = m.index, length = m.0.length, href = m.1 }          elements ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/pogoscript",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/featurist/pogoscript",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/featurist/PogoScript.tmbundle",
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  {
    "id": "pic",
    "name": "PIC",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "creators": "Brian Kernighan",
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    "tags": "textMarkup",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1988,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# Dextroamphetamine molecule .cstart  .ps 26  size 28 R1:  ring double 1,2 3,4 5,6  bond 60 from R1.V2  bond 120 A1:  front bond down ; CH3  bond 60 from A1 ; NH2  .ps .cend ",
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    "leachim6_example": "print \"Hello World\" -- \"Hello World\"   -- Note that MAXScript is expression-based, so simply writing \"Hello World\" is -- sufficient to echo it for the reader. Like Haskell, all MAXScript expressions -- *must* return values, even if they're unused. ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "fn CalculateVolumeAndCentreOfMass obj = (  local Volume= 0.0  local Centre= [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]  local theMesh = snapshotasmesh obj  local numFaces = theMesh.numfaces  for i = 1 to numFaces do  (   local Face= getFace theMesh i   local vert2 = getVert theMesh Face.z   local vert1 = getVert theMesh Face.y   local vert0 = getVert theMesh Face.x   local dV = Dot (Cross (vert1 - vert0) (vert2 - vert0)) vert0   Volume+= dV   Centre+= (vert0 + vert1 + vert2) * dV  )  delete theMesh  Volume /= 6  Centre /= 24  Centre /= Volume  #(Volume,Centre) ) ",
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    "id": "gluon",
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    "country": "Australia and Sweden",
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    "wikipedia_related": "c ascii",
    "wikipedia_summary": "NetLinx is both a range of controllers manufactured by AMX and the name of the proprietary programming language (loosely based on C) used to program the devices.  The NetLinx controllers are rack mountable devices which run a version of VxWorks and integrate both a processor and device controllers and are typically utilized for audio-visual control systems. An example is the mid-range NetLinx Integrated NI-2100 controller which has 3 RS-232/RS-485 serial ports, 4 relays, 4 infrared/serial ports and 4 input/outputs.  Serial ports can send and receive strings, typically ASCII instructions and replies. Relays permit switching of modest currents. IR ports can send infrared signals which emulate typical remote control devices that control (for instance) televisions and video recorders. Input/output ports detect contact closures. AMX supplies an IDE known as NetLinx Studio which allows a proprietary language to be edited, compiled and sent to the NetLinx controller.  NetLinx also contains an interface which allows it to utilize Java based modules. Earlier models of AMX controller were named Axcent.",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.amx.com/en/site_elements/language-reference-guide-netlinx-programming-language",
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    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "(* *)",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetLinx",
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    "githubBigQuery": "NetLinx",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/amclain/sublime-netlinx",
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    "id": "nu",
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    "creators": "Tim Burks",
    "measurements": 19,
    "tags": "pl lisp",
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    "githubLanguage_aliases": "nush",
    "githubLanguage_interpreters": "nush",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "scheme",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "scheme",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-scheme",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.nu",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "n/Nu.nu",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2008,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2007,
    "wikipedia_related": "x86-isa lisp objective-c ruby linux f-script",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Nu is an interpreted object-oriented programming language, with a Lisp-like syntax, created by Tim Burks as an alternative scripting language to program OS X through its Cocoa application programming interface (API). Implementations also exist for iPhone and Linux. The language was first announced at C4, a conference for indie Mac developers held in August 2007.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
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    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "nu",
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    "wordRank": 7528,
    "country": "United States and Germany",
    "leachim6_example": "(puts \"Hello World\") ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "#!/usr/bin/env nush (puts \"Hello\") ",
    "wikipedia_example": "(unless @prefix         (set @prefix              \"#{((((NSProcessInfo processInfo) arguments) 0) dirName)}..\"))  (unless @icon_files         (set @icon_files              (array \"#{@prefix}/share/nu/resources/nu.icns\")))",
    "leachim6": "Nu",
    "printToken": "puts",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nu_(programming_language)",
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    "githubBigQuery": "Nu",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/jsallis/nu.tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "Nu"
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    "id": "asciimath",
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    "creators": "Peter Krautzberger",
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    "tags": "textMarkup",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/mathjax/asciimathml",
    "primaryTag": "textMarkup",
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2014,
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    "description": "AsciiMath is an easy-to-write markup language for mathematics.",
    "githubRepo_description": "AsciiMath is an easy-to-write markup language for mathematics.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "AsciiMath is an easy-to-write markup language for mathematics.",
    "writtenIn": "html javascript markdown php",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1523,
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    "related": "latex",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "example": "sum_(i=1)^n i^3=((n(n+1))/2)^2",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/mathjax/asciimathml",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "asciimath.org"
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    "id": "hyphy",
    "name": "HyPhy",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://hyphy.org/w/index.php/HyPhy_Batch_Language",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "rank": 872,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 22965,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/veg/hyphy",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 69,
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "none",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2011,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2008,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2008,
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    "lab": "University of California San Diego && North Carolina State University",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "bf",
    "writtenIn": "cpp brainfuck yaml c cmake markdown bourne-shell python xml opencl javascript",
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 2,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "#profile START;s = 0;m = {5,1};for (k=0; k<250000; k=k+1){ s = s + k; t = Random (0,5); m [t] = m [t] + 1;}#profile PAUSE;s2 = 0;for (k=1; k<10000; k=k+1){ s2 = s2+1/k;}#profile _hyphy_profile_dump;stats     = _hyphy_profile_dump[\"STATS\"];_profile_summer = {1,Rows(stats)};_profile_summer = _profile_summer[\"1\"] * stats;_instructions   = _hyphy_profile_dump[\"INSTRUCTION\"];_indices     = _hyphy_profile_dump[\"INSTRUCTION INDEX\"];fprintf (stdout, \"\\nTotal run time (seconds)      : \", Format(_profile_summer[1]/1000000,15,6),     \"\\nTotal number of steps         : \", Format(_profile_summer[0],15,0), \"\\n\\n\");     for (k=0; k<Columns(_instructions); k=k+1){ fprintf (stdout, Format (_indices[k],6,0), \" : \", _instructions[k], \"\\n\\tCall count: \", stats[k][0],                \"\\n\\tTime (seconds): \", stats[k][1]/1000000, \"\\n\");}",
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    "githubBigQuery": "HyPhy",
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    "id": "ink-lang",
    "name": "ink-lang",
    "appeared": 2019,
    "creators": "Linus Lee",
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://dotink.co",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v0.1.9",
    "rank": 873,
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    "pldbScore": 22964,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/thesephist/ink",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2019,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2019,
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    "domainName_registered": 2019,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "std := load('std')  log := std.log  listen('0.0.0.0:8080', evt => (   evt.type :: {     'error' -> log('Error: ' + evt.message)     'req' -> (evt.end)({       status: 200       headers: {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'}       body: 'Hello, World!'     })   } ))",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/thesephist",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/thesephist/ink",
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    "id": "simulink",
    "name": "Simulink",
    "appeared": 1984,
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.mathworks.com/products/simulink.html?s_cid=wiki_simulink_2",
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2017,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux matlab c vhdl verilog modelica labview",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Simulink, developed by MathWorks, is a graphical programming environment for modeling, simulating and analyzing multidomain dynamical systems. Its primary interface is a graphical block diagramming tool and a customizable set of block libraries. It offers tight integration with the rest of the MATLAB environment and can either drive MATLAB or be scripted from it. Simulink is widely used in automatic control and digital signal processing for multidomain simulation and Model-Based Design.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "lab": "MathWorks",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulink",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States and The Netherlands and Germany",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": " %% \\n+                         {yy.freshLine = true;} \\s+                         {yy.freshLine = false;} \"y{\"[^}]*\"}\"                {yytext = yytext.substr(2, yyleng - 3); return 'ACTION';} [a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*     {return 'NAME';} '\"'([^\"]|'\\\"')*'\"'          {return 'STRING_LIT';} \"'\"([^']|\"\\'\")*\"'\"          {return 'STRING_LIT';} \"|\"                         {return '|';} \"[\"(\"\\]\"|[^\\]])*\"]\"         {return 'ANY_GROUP_REGEX';} \"(\"                         {return '(';} \")\"                         {return ')';} \"+\"                         {return '+';} \"*\"                         {return '*';} \"?\"                         {return '?';} \"^\"                         {return '^';} \"/\"                         {return '/';} \"\\\\\"[a-zA-Z0]               {return 'ESCAPE_CHAR';} \"$\"                         {return '$';} \"<<EOF>>\"                   {return '$';} \".\"                         {return '.';} \"%%\"                        {return '%%';} \"{\"\\d+(\",\"\\s?\\d+|\",\")?\"}\"   {return 'RANGE_REGEX';} /\"{\"                        %{if (yy.freshLine) { this.input('{'); return '{'; } else { this.unput('y'); }%} \"}\"                         %{return '}';%} \"%{\"(.|\\n)*?\"}%\"            {yytext = yytext.substr(2, yyleng - 4); return 'ACTION';} .                           {/* ignore bad characters */} <<EOF>>                     {return 'EOF';}",
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    "githubLanguage": "Jison Lex"
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    "id": "ldpl",
    "name": "ldpl",
    "appeared": 2019,
    "creators": "Martín del Río",
    "measurements": 19,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.ldpl-lang.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "3.0.5",
    "rank": 893,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 8,
    "pldbScore": 22930,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/Lartu/ldpl",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2019,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "latestMajorVersion": 3,
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    "country": "Unknown",
    "example": "# Hello There Example data:   name is number  procedure:   display \"Hello there, what's your name?\"   accept name   display \"你好, \" name \"!\" crlf",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/Lartu/ldpl",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
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    "appeared": 1991,
    "creators": "Niklaus Wirth and Hanspeter Mössenböck",
    "measurements": 20,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 894,
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    "country": "Switzerland",
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    "id": "vale-assembly",
    "name": "Vale",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "creators": "Chris Hawblitzel",
    "measurements": 17,
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    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "id": "opengl",
    "name": "OpenGL",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 11,
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    "website": "https://www.opengl.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 896,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "inboundLinks": "phigs",
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    "domainName_registered": 1997,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1991,
    "wikipedia_related": "opencl c javascript webgl ios java android isbn qt linux glsl metal",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Open Graphics Library (OpenGL) is a cross-language, cross-platform application programming interface (API) for rendering 2D and 3D vector graphics. The API is typically used to interact with a graphics processing unit (GPU), to achieve hardware-accelerated rendering. Silicon Graphics Inc., (SGI) started developing OpenGL in 1991 and released it in January 1992; applications use it extensively in the fields of computer-aided design (CAD), virtual reality, scientific visualization, information visualization, flight simulation, and video games. Since 2006 OpenGL has been managed by the non-profit technology consortium Khronos Group.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1054,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenGL",
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    "domainName": "opengl.org",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nComputer Graphics Using OpenGL|2000|F.S. Hill Jr.|1042306|4.06|83|8\\nComputer Graphics with OpenGL|2003|Donald Hearn|1795464|3.73|126|7\\nOpenGL Programming Guide: The Official Guide to Learning OpenGL, Version 2|1999|Dave Shreiner|341753|3.68|119|8\\nOpenGL Programming Guide: The Official Guide to Learning OpenGL, Version 1.2|1999|OpenGL Architecture Review Board|1741809|3.49|39|3\\nOpenGL Es 2.0 Programming Guide|2008|Aaftab Munshi|4622203|3.82|60|4\\nBeginning OpenGL Game Programming|2004|Dave Astle|837838|3.52|44|2\\nOpenGL Shading Language|2009|Randi J. Rost|7074483|3.64|22|0\\nOpenGL Game Programming|2002|Dave Astle|1480790|3.39|28|0\\nOpenGL(R) Programming Guide: The Official Guide to Learning OpenGL(R), Version 1.4|2003|David Shreiner|341754|3.64|66|6\\nMore OpenGL Game Programming|2005|Dave Astle|1042304|3.75|16|0"
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    "id": "virgil",
    "name": "Virgil",
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    "creators": "Ben L. Titzer",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "v/Virgil.v3",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2012,
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    "reference": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31954053",
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    "leachim6_example": " def main() {         System.puts(\"Hello World\\n\");  }",
    "leachim6": "Virgil",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/titzer/virgil",
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  {
    "id": "bro",
    "name": "Bro",
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    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "githubBigQuery_users": 122,
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    "githubLanguage_repos": 1383,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 32,
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    "id": "hyperscript",
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    "creators": "Dominic Tarr",
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    "tags": "template",
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    "lab": "https://github.com/hyperhype",
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    "country": "United States",
    "example": "var h = require('hyperscript') h('div#page',   h('div#header',     h('h1.classy', 'h', { style: {'background-color': '#22f'} })),   h('div#menu', { style: {'background-color': '#2f2'} },     h('ul',       h('li', 'one'),       h('li', 'two'),       h('li', 'three'))),     h('h2', 'content title',  { style: {'background-color': '#f22'} }),     h('p',       \"so it's just like a templating engine,\\n\",       \"but easy to use inline with javascript\\n\"),     h('p',       \"the intention is for this to be used to create\\n\",       \"reusable, interactive html widgets. \"))",
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    "id": "oden",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://oden-lang.github.io",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "lab": "https://github.com/oden-lang",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Bluespec, Inc. is a semiconductor tool design company co-founded by Prof. Arvind of MIT in June 2003. Arvind had previously founded Sandburst in 2000, which specialized in producing chips for 10G-bit Ethernet routers; for this task, Arvind had developed the Bluespec language, a high-level functional hardware description programming language which was essentially Haskell extended to handle chip design and electronic design automation in general. The main designer and implementor of Bluespec was Lennart Augustsson. Bluespec is partially evaluated (to convert the Haskell parts) and compiled to the term rewriting system (TRS). It comes with a SystemVerilog frontend.Bluespec has two product lines. Primarily for ASIC and FPGA hardware designers and architects, Bluespec supplies high-level synthesis (ESL logic synthesis) with RTL.  The first Bluespec workshop [1] was held on August 13, 2007 at MIT.",
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    "name": "Gren",
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    "creators": "evancz",
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    "website": "https://gren-lang.org/",
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    "country": "Unknown",
    "example": "module Main exposing (main)  import Html exposing (Html)  main : Html a main =   Html.text \"Hello, world!\" ",
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    "id": "game-maker-language",
    "name": "Game Maker Language",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "measurements": 22,
    "tags": "pl 3d",
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    "description": "The language historically tries to accommodate different programming backgrounds and styles - BASIC/Lua style \"and\" / \"or\" keywords can be used interchangeably with C-style \"&&\" / \"||\" operators; parentheses around conditions in if-statements and loops can be omitted; semicolons are largely optional[26] (insertion happens at the end of statement; compile error is raised in case of ambiguity). The language's default mode of operation on native platforms is via a stack machine; it can also be source-to-source compiled to C++ via LLVM for higher performance.[27] On HTML5, GML is source-to-source compiled to JavaScript with optimizations and minification applied in non-debug builds.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The language historically tries to accommodate different programming backgrounds and styles - BASIC/Lua style \"and\" / \"or\" keywords can be used interchangeably with C-style \"&&\" / \"||\" operators; parentheses around conditions in if-statements and loops can be omitted; semicolons are largely optional[26] (insertion happens at the end of statement; compile error is raised in case of ambiguity). The language's default mode of operation on native platforms is via a stack machine; it can also be source-to-source compiled to C++ via LLVM for higher performance.[27] On HTML5, GML is source-to-source compiled to JavaScript with optimizations and minification applied in non-debug builds.",
    "lab": "YoYo Games Ltd",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The language historically tries to accommodate different programming backgrounds and styles - BASIC/Lua style \"and\" / \"or\" keywords can be used interchangeably with C-style \"&&\" / \"||\" operators; parentheses around conditions in if-statements and loops can be omitted; semicolons are largely optional[26] (insertion happens at the end of statement; compile error is raised in case of ambiguity). The language's default mode of operation on native platforms is via a stack machine; it can also be source-to-source compiled to C++ via LLVM for higher performance.[27] On HTML5, GML is source-to-source compiled to JavaScript with optimizations and minification applied in non-debug builds.",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "Scotland, United Kingdom",
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    "reference": "https://docs.yoyogames.com/source/dadiospice/002_reference/001_gml%20language%20overview/index.html",
    "helloWorldCollection": "// Hello World in GML (Game Maker Language) draw_text(10,10,\"Hello World\") screen_refresh() keyboard_wait()",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/c.tmbundle",
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    "name": "RELAX NG",
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    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "website": "https://relaxng.org/",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "In computing, RELAX NG (REgular LAnguage for XML Next Generation) is a schema language for XML - a RELAX NG schema specifies a pattern for the structure and content of an XML document. A RELAX NG schema is itself an XML document but RELAX NG also offers a popular compact, non-XML syntax. Compared to other XML schema languages  RELAX NG is considered relatively simple. It was defined by a committee specification of the OASIS RELAX NG technical committee in 2001 and 2002, based on Murata Makoto's RELAX and James Clark's TREX, and also by part two of the international standard ISO/IEC 19757: Document Schema Definition Languages (DSDL). ISO/IEC 19757-2 was developed by ISO/IEC JTC1/SC34 and published in its first version in 2003.",
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    "country": "Japan",
    "example": "# A RELAX NG compact syntax pattern # for an address book. element addressBook {   # an entry in the address book   element card {     element name { text },     element email { text }  # an email address   }* }",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RELAX_NG",
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    "id": "hacspec",
    "name": "hacspec",
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    "creators": "Franziskus Kiefer",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://hacspec.org",
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    "description": "A specification language for crypto primitives and more in Rust.",
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    "paper": "https://www.franziskuskiefer.de/publications/hacspec18/",
    "lab": "https://github.com/hacspec/hacspec/discussions",
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    "country": "Germany",
    "example": "pub type Res = (usize, usize); pub enum ResTyp {     Ok(Res), }  pub fn test_simpl_fails() -> Res {     match ResTyp::Ok((42, 42)) {         ResTyp::Ok(res) => res,     } }  #[derive(Clone)] pub struct MyTupleType(u16, u8);  pub fn test_tuple_destructuring() {     let tuple = MyTupleType(1u16, 2u8).clone();     let MyTupleType(_a, _b) = tuple; }",
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    "creators": "Andreas Rumpf",
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    "website": "https://nim-works.github.io/nimskull/index.html",
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    "id": "xodio",
    "name": "xodio",
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    "creators": "Victor Nakoryakov",
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    "website": "https://xod.io/",
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    "id": "links-programming-language",
    "name": "Links",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.links-lang.org",
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    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Spin",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://learn.parallax.com/educators/teach/spin-programming-multicore-propeller",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "''**************************************** ''*  Debug_Lcd v1.2                      * ''*  Authors: Jon Williams, Jeff Martin  * ''*  Copyright (c) 2006 Parallax, Inc.   * ''*  See end of file for terms of use.   * ''**************************************** '' '' Debugging wrapper for Serial_Lcd object '' '' v1.2 - March 26, 2008 - Updated by Jeff Martin to conform to Propeller object initialization standards. '' v1.1 - April 29, 2006 - Updated by Jon Williams for consistency. ''   OBJ    lcd : \"serial_lcd\"                                    ' driver for Parallax Serial LCD   num : \"simple_numbers\"                                ' number to string conversion   PUB init(pin, baud, lines) : okay  '' Initializes serial LCD object '' -- returns true if all parameters okay    okay := lcd.init(pin, baud, lines)   PUB finalize  '' Finalizes lcd object -- frees the pin (floats)    lcd.finalize     PUB putc(txbyte)  '' Send a byte to the terminal    lcd.putc(txbyte)       PUB str(strAddr)  '' Print a zero-terminated string    lcd.str(strAddr)   PUB dec(value)  '' Print a signed decimal number    lcd.str(num.dec(value))   PUB decf(value, width)  '' Prints signed decimal value in space-padded, fixed-width field    lcd.str(num.decf(value, width))  PUB decx(value, digits)  '' Prints zero-padded, signed-decimal string '' -- if value is negative, field width is digits+1    lcd.str(num.decx(value, digits))   PUB hex(value, digits)  '' Print a hexadecimal number    lcd.str(num.hex(value, digits))   PUB ihex(value, digits)  '' Print an indicated hexadecimal number    lcd.str(num.ihex(value, digits))   PUB bin(value, digits)  '' Print a binary number    lcd.str(num.bin(value, digits))   PUB ibin(value, digits)  '' Print an indicated (%) binary number    lcd.str(num.ibin(value, digits))       PUB cls  '' Clears LCD and moves cursor to home (0, 0) position    lcd.cls   PUB home  '' Moves cursor to 0, 0    lcd.home  PUB gotoxy(col, line)  '' Moves cursor to col/line    lcd.gotoxy(col, line)     PUB clrln(line)  '' Clears line    lcd.clrln(line)   PUB cursor(type)  '' Selects cursor type ''   0 : cursor off, blink off ''   1 : cursor off, blink on ''   2 : cursor on, blink off ''   3 : cursor on, blink on    lcd.cursor(type)          PUB display(status)  '' Controls display visibility; use display(false) to hide contents without clearing    if status     lcd.displayOn   else     lcd.displayOff   PUB custom(char, chrDataAddr)  '' Installs custom character map '' -- chrDataAddr is address of 8-byte character definition array    lcd.custom(char, chrDataAddr)         PUB backLight(status)  '' Enable (true) or disable (false) LCD backlight '' -- affects only backlit models    lcd.backLight(status)  {{  ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │                                                   TERMS OF USE: MIT License                                                  │ ├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation    │ │files (the \"Software\"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy,    │ │modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software│ │is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:                                                                   │ │                                                                                                                              │ │The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.│ │                                                                                                                              │ │THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE          │ │WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR         │ │COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,   │ │ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.                         │ └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ }}",
    "lineCommentToken": "'",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
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    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "bookCount": 0,
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    "githubBigQuery": "Propeller Spin",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/bitbased/sublime-spintools",
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  },
  {
    "id": "rapira",
    "name": "Rapira",
    "appeared": 1987,
    "creators": "Andrey Ershov",
    "measurements": 24,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://freeduke33.github.io/rerap2",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2015,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 5,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "nativeLanguage": "Russian",
    "leachim6_filepath": "r/Rapira.rap",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2015,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2021,
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    "wikipedia_related": "pop-2 setl algol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Rapira is also a name for the T-12 antitank gun. Rapira (Russian: Рапира, rapier) is an educational procedural programming language developed in the Soviet Union and implemented on Agat computer, PDP-11 clones (Electronika, DVK, BK series) and Intel-8080/Z80 clones (Korvet). It was an interpreted language with dynamic type system and high level constructions. The language originally had a Russian-based set of keywords, but English and Moldovan were added later. Also, it was more elegant and easier to use than existing Pascal implementations of the time. Rapira was used in teaching computer programming in Soviet schools. The programming environment included a text editor and an integrated debugger. Sample program:  ПРОЦ СТАРТ()     ВЫВОД: 'Привет, мир!!!' КОН ПРОЦ  The same, but using the English lexics [sic, from the article referenced below]:  proc start()      output: 'Hello, world!!!'; end proc  Rapira's ideology was based on such languages as POP-2 and SETL, with strong influences from ALGOL.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 19,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 10,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 146951,
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "rap",
    "writtenIn": "cpp make markdown",
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    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#rapira",
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Rapira",
    "country": "Russia",
    "reference": "http://ershov.iis.nsk.su/ru/node/772586",
    "leachim6_example": "output: \"Hello World\"; ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/rapira",
    "rijuRepl_example": "вывод: \"Hello, world!\" ",
    "wikipedia_example": "proc start()      output: 'Hello, world!!!'; end proc",
    "leachim6": "Rapira",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/freeduke33/rerap2",
    "printToken": "output:",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapira",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=5224"
  },
  {
    "id": "scryer",
    "name": "Scryer Prolog",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "creators": "Mark Thom",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.scryer.pl/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 939,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 10,
    "pldbScore": 22848,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/mthom/scryer-prolog",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2016,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 55,
    "githubRepo_forks": 115,
    "githubRepo_stars": 1969,
    "githubRepo_issues": 290,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2016,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 4101,
    "repoStats_committers": 61,
    "repoStats_files": 346,
    "repoStats_mb": 11,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 123186,
    "webRepl": "https://play.scryer.pl",
    "description": "Scryer Prolog aims to become to ISO Prolog what GHC is to Haskell: an open source industrial strength production environment that is also a testbed for bleeding edge research in logic and constraint programming, which is itself written in a high-level language.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Scryer Prolog aims to become to ISO Prolog what GHC is to Haskell: an open source industrial strength production environment that is also a testbed for bleeding edge research in logic and constraint programming, which is itself written in a high-level language.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Scryer Prolog aims to become to ISO Prolog what GHC is to Haskell: an open source industrial strength production environment that is also a testbed for bleeding edge research in logic and constraint programming, which is itself written in a high-level language.",
    "writtenIn": "prolog rust toml json markdown yaml svg lisp dockerfile bourne-shell",
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/mthom/scryer-prolog",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "megaparsec",
    "name": "Megaparsec",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "library",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "9.6.1",
    "rank": 940,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 7,
    "pldbScore": 22843,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "attoparsec",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/mrkkrp/megaparsec",
    "primaryTag": "library",
    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 15,
    "githubRepo_forks": 84,
    "githubRepo_stars": 904,
    "githubRepo_issues": 17,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2008,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 1053,
    "repoStats_committers": 81,
    "repoStats_files": 73,
    "repoStats_mb": 3,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 14752,
    "description": "Industrial-strength monadic parser combinator library",
    "githubRepo_description": "Industrial-strength monadic parser combinator library",
    "lab": "https://github.com/mrkkrp/megaparsec/issues",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Industrial-strength monadic parser combinator library",
    "writtenIn": "haskell markdown json csv nix yaml xml",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1238,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 20,
    "related": "antlr",
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 9,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "France",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/mrkkrp/megaparsec",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "sieve",
    "name": "Sieve mail filtering language",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "application",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 941,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 22843,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 9,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 9,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 10,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "sieve",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "application/sieve",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.sieve",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "sieve.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2008,
    "wikipedia_related": "sed awk unicode smtp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Sieve is a programming language that can be used for email filtering. It owes its creation to the CMU Cyrus Project, creators of Cyrus IMAP server. The language is not tied to any particular operating system or mail architecture. It requires the use of RFC 2822-compliant messages, but otherwise should generalize to other systems that meet these criteria. The current version of Sieve's base specification is outlined in RFC 5228, published in January 2008.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 78,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 24,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 78,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 2684593,
    "lab": "University of Washington && Carnegie Mellon",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "sieve",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "siv sieve",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 460,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 16,
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/sieve",
    "codeMirror": "sieve",
    "country": "United States",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Sieve",
    "wikipedia_example": "# Sieve filter  # Declare the extensions used by this script. # require [\"fileinto\", \"reject\"];  # Messages bigger than 100K will be rejected with an error message # if size :over 100K {    reject \"I'm sorry, I do not accept mail over 100kb in size. Please upload larger files to a server and send me a link. Thanks.\"; }  # Mails from a mailing list will be put into the folder \"mailinglist\" # elsif address :is [\"From\", \"To\"] \"mailinglist@blafasel.invalid\" {    fileinto \"INBOX.mailinglist\"; }  # Spam Rule: Message does not contain my address in To, CC or Bcc # header, or subject is something with \"money\" or \"Viagra\". # elsif anyof (not address :all :contains [\"To\", \"Cc\", \"Bcc\"] \"me@blafasel.invalid\", header :matches \"Subject\" [\"*money*\",\"*Viagra*\"]) {       fileinto \"INBOX.spam\"; }  # Keep the rest. # This is not necessary because there is a \"implicit keep\" Rule # else {      keep; }",
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieve_(mail_filtering_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "githubBigQuery": "Sieve",
    "githubLanguage": "Sieve"
  },
  {
    "id": "fact-lang",
    "name": "FaCT",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "creators": "Deian Stefan",
    "measurements": 18,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 942,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 6,
    "pldbScore": 22843,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/PLSysSec/FaCT",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2016,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2016,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 14,
    "githubRepo_forks": 13,
    "githubRepo_stars": 191,
    "githubRepo_issues": 1,
    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "FACT",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2016,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2022,
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    "description": "FaCT is a domain-specific language that aids you in writing constant-time code for cryptographic routines that need to be free from timing side channels. This is the compiler for the Flexible and Constant Time cryptographic programming language. Real-world cryptographic code is often written in a subset of C intended to execute in constant-time, thereby avoiding timing side channel vulnerabilities. This C subset eschews structured programming as we know it: if-statements, looping constructs, and procedural abstractions can leak timing information when handling sensitive data. The resulting obfuscation has led to subtle bugs, even in widely-used high-profile libraries like OpenSSL. To address the challenge of writing constant-time cryptographic code, we present FaCT, a crypto DSL that provides high-level but safe language constructs. The FaCT compiler uses a secrecy type system to automatically transform potentially timing-sensitive high-level code into low-level, constant-time LLVM bitcode. We develop the language and type system, formalize the constant-time transformation, and present an empirical evaluation that uses FaCT to implement core crypto routines from several open-source projects including OpenSSL, libsodium, and curve25519-donna. Our evaluation shows that FaCT's design makes it possible to write \\emph{readable}, high-level cryptographic code, with \\emph{efficient}, \\emph{constant-time} behavior.",
    "githubRepo_description": "FaCT is a domain-specific language that aids you in writing constant-time code for cryptographic routines that need to be free from timing side channels. This is the compiler for the Flexible and Constant Time cryptographic programming language. Real-world cryptographic code is often written in a subset of C intended to execute in constant-time, thereby avoiding timing side channel vulnerabilities. This C subset eschews structured programming as we know it: if-statements, looping constructs, and procedural abstractions can leak timing information when handling sensitive data. The resulting obfuscation has led to subtle bugs, even in widely-used high-profile libraries like OpenSSL. To address the challenge of writing constant-time cryptographic code, we present FaCT, a crypto DSL that provides high-level but safe language constructs. The FaCT compiler uses a secrecy type system to automatically transform potentially timing-sensitive high-level code into low-level, constant-time LLVM bitcode. We develop the language and type system, formalize the constant-time transformation, and present an empirical evaluation that uses FaCT to implement core crypto routines from several open-source projects including OpenSSL, libsodium, and curve25519-donna. Our evaluation shows that FaCT's design makes it possible to write \\emph{readable}, high-level cryptographic code, with \\emph{efficient}, \\emph{constant-time} behavior.",
    "lab": "University of California San Diego && Stanford University && PI for Security and Privacy && Inria && IMDEA Software Institute",
    "rijuRepl_description": "FaCT is a domain-specific language that aids you in writing constant-time code for cryptographic routines that need to be free from timing side channels. This is the compiler for the Flexible and Constant Time cryptographic programming language. Real-world cryptographic code is often written in a subset of C intended to execute in constant-time, thereby avoiding timing side channel vulnerabilities. This C subset eschews structured programming as we know it: if-statements, looping constructs, and procedural abstractions can leak timing information when handling sensitive data. The resulting obfuscation has led to subtle bugs, even in widely-used high-profile libraries like OpenSSL. To address the challenge of writing constant-time cryptographic code, we present FaCT, a crypto DSL that provides high-level but safe language constructs. The FaCT compiler uses a secrecy type system to automatically transform potentially timing-sensitive high-level code into low-level, constant-time LLVM bitcode. We develop the language and type system, formalize the constant-time transformation, and present an empirical evaluation that uses FaCT to implement core crypto routines from several open-source projects including OpenSSL, libsodium, and curve25519-donna. Our evaluation shows that FaCT's design makes it possible to write \\emph{readable}, high-level cryptographic code, with \\emph{efficient}, \\emph{constant-time} behavior.",
    "writtenIn": "ocaml c bourne-shell markdown make dockerfile",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 251,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 29,
    "subsetOf": "c",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States and Germany and France and Spain",
    "reference": "https://ranjitjhala.github.io/static/fact_dsl.pdf",
    "example": "void swap_conditional(secret mut uint64[5] a, secret mut uint64[5] b, secret uint64 swapi) {   if (swapi == 1) {     for (uint32 i from 0 to 5) {       secret uint64 x = a[i];       a[i] = b[i];       b[i] = x;     }   } }",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/PLSysSec/FaCT",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2009|DeFacto: Language-Parametric Fact Extraction from Source Code|10.1007/978-3-642-00434-6_17|14|1|H. Basten and P. Klint|a25ddb85adfff458d4829bcbf16db3d64fce7517"
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  {
    "id": "retdec",
    "name": "RetDec",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "decompiler",
    "website": "https://retdec.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 943,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 10,
    "pldbScore": 22839,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/avast/retdec",
    "primaryTag": "decompiler",
    "githubRepo_created": 2017,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2017,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 240,
    "githubRepo_forks": 938,
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    "githubRepo_issues": 427,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2017,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
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    "repoStats_committers": 86,
    "repoStats_files": 3851,
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    "domainName_registered": 2015,
    "lab": "Avast Software s.r.o.",
    "writtenIn": "cpp cmake python bourne-shell markdown json c yaml dockerfile make",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 10795,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "Czech Republic",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/avast/retdec",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "retdec.com"
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    "id": "udp",
    "name": "UDP",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 944,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 22838,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "User Datagram Protocol",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2010,
    "wikipedia_related": "ftp http smtp tls tcp unix isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "In computer networking, the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core members of the Internet protocol suite. The protocol was designed by David P. Reed in 1980 and formally defined in RFC 768. With UDP, computer applications can send messages, in this case referred to as datagrams, to other hosts on an Internet Protocol (IP) network. Prior communications are not required in order to set up communication channels or data paths. UDP uses a simple connectionless communication model with a minimum of protocol mechanism. UDP provides checksums for data integrity, and port numbers for addressing different functions at the source and destination of the datagram. It has no handshaking dialogues, and thus exposes the user's program to any unreliability of the underlying network; There is no guarantee of delivery, ordering, or duplicate protection. If error-correction facilities are needed at the network interface level, an application may use the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) or Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) which are designed for this purpose. UDP is suitable for purposes where error checking and correction are either not necessary or are performed in the application; UDP avoids the overhead of such processing in the protocol stack. Time-sensitive applications often use UDP because dropping packets is preferable to waiting for packets delayed due to retransmission, which may not be an option in a real-time system.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1768,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 976,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 31929,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 8860,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 35,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "docs": "https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc768.txt",
    "fileType": "na",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol",
    "bookCount": 1,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "(function(utils) {  // Load C functions declared in utils.loadFuncs  var shouldLoadCFuncs = true;  // Expose the C functions to cycript's global scope  var shouldExposeCFuncs = true;  // Expose C constants to cycript's global scope  var shouldExposeConsts = true;  // Expose functions defined here to cycript's global scope  var shouldExposeFuncs = true;  // Which functions to expose  var funcsToExpose = [\"exec\", \"include\", \"sizeof\", \"logify\", \"apply\", \"str2voidPtr\", \"voidPtr2str\", \"double2voidPtr\", \"voidPtr2double\", \"isMemoryReadable\", \"isObject\", \"makeStruct\"];    // C functions that utils.loadFuncs loads  var CFuncsDeclarations = [   // <stdlib.h>   \"void *calloc(size_t num, size_t size)\",   // <string.h>   \"char *strcpy(char *restrict dst, const char *restrict src)\",   \"char *strdup(const char *s1)\",   \"void* memset(void* dest, int ch, size_t count)\",   // <stdio.h>   \"FILE *fopen(const char *, const char *)\",   \"int fclose(FILE *)\",   \"size_t fread(void *restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE *restrict)\",   \"size_t fwrite(const void *restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE *restrict)\",   // <mach.h>   \"mach_port_t mach_task_self()\",   \"kern_return_t task_for_pid(mach_port_name_t target_tport, int pid, mach_port_name_t *tn)\",   \"kern_return_t mach_vm_protect(vm_map_t target_task, mach_vm_address_t address, mach_vm_size_t size, boolean_t set_maximum, vm_prot_t new_protection)\",   \"kern_return_t mach_vm_write(vm_map_t target_task, mach_vm_address_t address, vm_offset_t data, mach_msg_type_number_t dataCnt)\",   \"kern_return_t mach_vm_read(vm_map_t target_task, mach_vm_address_t address, mach_vm_size_t size, vm_offset_t *data, mach_msg_type_number_t *dataCnt)\",  ];    /*   Replacement for eval that can handle @encode etc.      Usage:    cy# utils.exec(\"@encode(void *(int, char))\")    @encode(void*(int,char))  */  utils.exec = function(str) {   var mkdir = @encode(int (const char *, int))(dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, \"mkdir\"));   var tempnam = @encode(char *(const char *, const char *))(dlsym(R",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/atom/language-javascript",
    "githubLanguage": "Cycript"
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    "id": "hiveql",
    "name": "HiveQL",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "measurements": 19,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "website": "https://hive.apache.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 963,
    "exampleCount": 2,
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    "githubBigQuery_repos": 143,
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    "fileType": "text",
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    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hive#HiveQL",
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    "lineCommentToken": "--",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "jupyterKernel": "https://github.com/EDS-APHP/HiveQLKernel",
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    "domainName": "hive.apache.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "HiveQL",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/adidonato/language-hql",
    "githubLanguage": "HiveQL"
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    "id": "spark",
    "name": "Apache Spark",
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    "creators": "Matei Zaharia",
    "measurements": 13,
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    "githubRepo_description": "Apache Spark is a unified analytics engine for large-scale data processing. It provides high-level APIs in Java, Scala, Python, and R, and an optimized engine that supports general execution graphs. It also supports a rich set of higher-level tools including Spark SQL for SQL and structured data processing, pandas API on Spark for pandas workloads, MLlib for machine learning, GraphX for graph processing, and Structured Streaming for incremental computation and stream processing.",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "Apache Spark is a unified analytics engine for large-scale data processing. It provides high-level APIs in Java, Scala, Python, and R, and an optimized engine that supports general execution graphs. It also supports a rich set of higher-level tools including Spark SQL for SQL and structured data processing, pandas API on Spark for pandas workloads, MLlib for machine learning, GraphX for graph processing, and Structured Streaming for incremental computation and stream processing.",
    "writtenIn": "scala",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1020,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 14,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "docs": "https://spark.apache.org/documentation.html",
    "packageRepository": "https://spark-packages.org/",
    "country": "United States",
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    "name": "monte",
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    "measurements": 26,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 965,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 22807,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/monte-language/monte",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2008,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "m/Monte.mt",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "monte.py",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2008,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2020,
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    "description": "<a href='https://github.com/monte-language'>Monte</a> is a dynamic programming language inspired by Python and E.",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "<a href='https://github.com/monte-language'>Monte</a> is a dynamic programming language inspired by Python and E.",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "mt",
    "writtenIn": "restructuredtext mathematica python json haskell xml make lisp css yaml markdown nix html",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 134,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 8540,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Monte",
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "traceln(\"Hello World\") ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Monte",
    "leachim6": "Monte",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/monte-language/monte",
    "printToken": "traceln",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasHexadecimals": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
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    "hasStrings": true,
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2009|Springer Verlag|Introducing Monte Carlo Methods with R (Use R!)|Christian P. Robert and George Casella|9781441915757\\n2002|Wiley|Monte Carlo Methods in Finance|Jaeckel, Peter|9780471497417\\n2009|Wiley|Monte Carlo Frameworks: Building Customisable High-performance C++ Applications|Duffy, Daniel J. and Kienitz, Joerg|9780470060698\\n2013|Springer|Finance with Monte Carlo (Springer Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics and Technology)|Shonkwiler, Ronald W.|9781461485117\\n2012|Springer|The Monte Carlo Simulation Method for System Reliability and Risk Analysis (Springer Series in Reliability Engineering)|Zio, Enrico|9781447145882\\n2018|Gatekeeper Press|Practical Monte Carlo Simulation with Excel - Part 2 of 2: Applications and Distributions|Najjar, Akram|9781642371574\\n2007|Wiley-Interscience|Solutions Manual to Accompany Simulation and the Monte Carlo Method (Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics)|Kroese, Dirk P. and Taimre, Thomas and Botev, Zdravko I. and Rubinstein, Reuven Y.|9780470258798\\n2009|Springer|Introducing Monte Carlo Methods with R (Use R!)|Robert, Christian and Casella, George|9781441915764\\n2010|Springer|Monte Carlo Statistical Methods (Springer Texts in Statistics)|Christian P. Robert|9781441919397\\n2009|Springer|Explorations in Monte Carlo Methods (Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics)|Shonkwiler, Ronald W. and Mendivil, Franklin|9780387878379\\n2009|Springer|Explorations in Monte Carlo Methods (Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics)|Shonkwiler|9780387878362\\n1998|SAS Institute|SAS for Monte Carlo Studies: A Guide for Quantitative Researchers|Fan Ph.D., Xitao|9781590471418\\n2005|Duxbury Press|A First Course in Monte Carlo|Fishman, George|9780534420468\\n2012|Springer|A Monte Carlo Primer: A Practical Approach to Radiation Transport|Dupree, Stephen A. and Fraley, Stanley K.|9781441984913\\n2012|Springer|Monte Carlo Simulation in Statistical Physics: An Introduction (Graduate Texts in Physics)|Binder, Kurt|9783642264467"
  },
  {
    "id": "sqr",
    "name": "Structured Query Reporter",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 966,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 22801,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "standsFor": "Structured Query Reporter",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "sql c cobol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "SQR (Hyperion SQR Production Reporting, Part of OBIEE) is a programming language designed for generating reports from database management systems. The name is an acronym of Structured Query Reporter, which suggests its relationship to SQL (Structured Query Language). Any SQL statement can be embedded in an SQR program.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 62,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 22,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 89,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1862060,
    "lab": "Gupta Technologies, LLC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 330,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 17,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "helloWorldCollection": "! Hello World in SQR begin-program    print 'Hello, World.' (1,1) end-program",
    "lineCommentToken": "!",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQR",
    "bookCount": 2,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "tiobe": "SQR",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nSQR Programmer Reference: SQR Language Version 2.x-5.x|2000|Don Mellen|41708101|4.00|1|0\\nSQR Programmer Reference-Second Edition|2002|Don Mellen|41391721|0.0|0|0"
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  {
    "id": "fat",
    "name": "FAT",
    "appeared": 1977,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "filesystem",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 967,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 22796,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "filesystem",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "File Allocation Table",
    "aka": "FAT32 FAT16 FAT12",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1977,
    "wikipedia_related": "exfat ntfs linux freebsd ext4 ascii x86-assembly rexx java android",
    "wikipedia_summary": "File Allocation Table (FAT) is a computer file system architecture and a family of industry-standard file systems utilizing it. The FAT file system is a continuing standard which borrows source code from the original, legacy file system and proves to be simple and robust. It offers useful performance even in lightweight implementations, but cannot deliver the same performance, reliability and scalability as some modern file systems. It is, however, supported for compatibility reasons by nearly all currently developed operating systems for personal computers and many mobile devices and embedded systems, and thus is a well-suited format for data exchange between computers and devices of almost any type and age from 1981 up to the present. Originally designed in 1977 for use on floppy disks, FAT was soon adapted and used almost universally on hard disks throughout the DOS and Windows 9x eras for two decades. As disk drives evolved, the capabilities of the file system have been extended accordingly, resulting in three major file system variants: FAT12, FAT16 and FAT32. The FAT standard has also been expanded in other ways while generally preserving backward compatibility with existing software. With the introduction of more powerful computers and operating systems, as well as the development of more complex file systems for them, FAT is no longer the default file system for usage on Microsoft Windows computers.FAT file systems are still commonly found on floppy disks, flash and other solid-state memory cards and modules (including USB flash drives), as well as many portable and embedded devices. FAT is the standard file system for digital cameras per the DCF specification.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1568,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 1884,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 53045,
    "lab": "Microsoft && IBM && NCR Corporation && Seattle Computer Products && Compaq Computer Corporation && Digital Research && Novell && Caldera",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 7860,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 18,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 1690,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_Allocation_Table",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "json-graph-format",
    "name": "json-graph-format",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "jsonFormat",
    "website": "http://jsongraphformat.info/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "1.0.0",
    "rank": 968,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 22792,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/jsongraph/json-graph-specification",
    "primaryTag": "jsonFormat",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 21,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "jgf",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2014,
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    "domainName_registered": 2015,
    "lab": "https://github.com/jsongraph",
    "writtenIn": "json markdown yaml python",
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 1,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "{     \"graph\": {         \"directed\": false,         \"type\": \"graph type\",         \"label\": \"graph label\",         \"metadata\": {             \"user-defined\": \"values\"         },         \"nodes\": [             {                 \"id\": \"0\",                 \"type\": \"node type\",                 \"label\": \"node label(0)\",                 \"metadata\": {                     \"user-defined\": \"values\"                 }             },             {                 \"id\": \"1\",                 \"type\": \"node type\",                 \"label\": \"node label(1)\",                 \"metadata\": {                     \"user-defined\": \"values\"                 }             }         ],         \"edges\": [             {                 \"source\": \"0\",                 \"relation\": \"edge relationship\",                 \"target\": \"1\",                 \"directed\": false,                 \"label\": \"edge label\",                 \"metadata\": {                     \"user-defined\": \"values\"                 }             }         ]     } }",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/jsongraph/json-graph-specification",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "x86-isa",
    "name": "X86",
    "appeared": 1978,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "isa",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 969,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 22790,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "isa",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1978,
    "wikipedia_related": "ia-32 mmx arm opencl x86-assembly linux solaris sparc powerpc",
    "wikipedia_summary": "x86 is a family of backward-compatible instruction set architectures based on the Intel 8086 CPU and its Intel 8088 variant. The 8086 was introduced in 1978 as a fully 16-bit extension of Intel's 8-bit-based 8080 microprocessor, with memory segmentation as a solution for addressing more memory than can be covered by a plain 16-bit address. The term \"x86\" came into being because the names of several successors to Intel's 8086 processor end in \"86\", including the 80186, 80286, 80386 and 80486 processors. Many additions and extensions have been added to the x86 instruction set over the years, almost consistently with full backward compatibility. The architecture has been implemented in processors from Intel, Cyrix, AMD, VIA and many other companies; there are also open implementations, such as the Zet SoC platform. Nevertheless, of those, only Intel, AMD, and VIA hold x86 architectural licenses, and are producing modern 64-bit designs.The term is not synonymous with IBM PC compatibility, as this implies a multitude of other computer hardware; embedded systems, as well as general-purpose computers, used x86 chips before the PC-compatible market started, some of them before the IBM PC (1981) itself. As of 2018, the majority of personal computers and laptops sold are based on the x86 architecture, while other categories—especially high-volume mobile categories such as smartphones or tablets—are dominated by ARM; at the high end, x86 continues to dominate compute-intensive workstation and cloud computing segments.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1476,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 2214,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 2728,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 34198,
    "lab": "Intel && Advanced Micro Devices",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 7400,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "docs": "https://docs.kernel.org/x86/index.html",
    "fileType": "na",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/asm/asm8086",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86",
    "bookCount": 22,
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    "creators": "Chris Done",
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    "country": "England and Canada",
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    "website": "https://sibilant.org/",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_related": "java linux bpel xml c javascript",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Jolie (Java Orchestration Language Interpreter Engine) is an open-source programming language for developing distributed applications based on microservices. In the programming paradigm proposed with Jolie, each program is a service that can communicate with other programs by sending and receiving messages over a network. Jolie supports an abstraction layer that allows services to communicate using different mediums, ranging from TCP/IP sockets to local in-memory communications between processes.Jolie is currently supported by an interpreter implemented in the Java language, which can be run in multiple operating systems including Linux-based operating systems, OS X, and Windows. The language comes with formal semantics, meaning that the execution of Jolie programs is mathematically defined. For this reason, Jolie is used in research for the investigation of language-based techniques for the development of distributed systems, and it is also used for teaching at some Universities.The Jolie open source project was started by Fabrizio Montesi in 2006, as part of his studies at the University of Bologna. The project initially began as an implementation of the SOCK process calculus, a formal model proposed by Claudio Guidi et al. at the University of Bologna inspired by the CCS process calculus and the WS-BPEL programming language. Jolie extends SOCK with support for, e.g., tree-like data structures (inspired by XML, but with a syntax resembling that of C and Java), message types, typed session programming, integration with Java and JavaScript, code mobility, application containment, and web programming. A complete list of the project contributors is available at.The project is currently maintained by Fabrizio Montesi and its evolution is driven by Fabrizio Montesi and Claudio Guidi. Since it supports the orchestration of web services, Jolie is an alternative to XML-based orchestration languages such as WS-BPEL as it offers a concise (C-like) syntax for accessing XML-like data structures.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2013,
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    "lab": "University of Bologna",
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    "country": "Italy",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "include \"common.iol\" include \"ui/swing_ui.iol\" include \"console.iol\"  outputPort Exam { Location: Location_Exam Protocol: sodep Interfaces: ExamInterface }  main {  question.studentName = \"John\";  question.examName = \"SPLG\";  question.question = \"Random question\";  makeQuestion@Exam( question )( answer );  showYesNoQuestionDialog@SwingUI( \"Do you want to accept answer \" + answer + \" ?\" )( decision );   message.studentName = \"John\";  message.examName = \"SPLG\";  if ( decision == 0 ) {   pass@Exam( message )  } else {   fail@Exam( message )  } } ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/jolielang",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolie_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "jolie-lang.org",
    "githubBigQuery": "Jolie",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/fmontesi/language-jolie",
    "githubLanguage": "Jolie"
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    "id": "dokuwiki",
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    "tags": "wikiMarkup",
    "website": "https://www.dokuwiki.org/",
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "domainName_registered": 2005,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2004,
    "wikipedia_summary": "DokuWiki is a wiki application licensed under GPLv2 and written in the PHP programming language. It works on plain text files and thus does not need a database. Its syntax is similar to the one used by MediaWiki.",
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    "lab": "https://github.com/splitbrain",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1036,
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    "country": "United States and Germany",
    "example": "DokuWiki supports **bold**, //italic//, __underlined__ and ''monospaced'' texts. Of course you can **__//''combine''//__** all these.",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/dokuwiki",
    "rijuRepl_example": "Hello, world! ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/dokuwiki",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DokuWiki",
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    "id": "quicklisp-pm",
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    "website": "https://www.quicklisp.org/beta/",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/quicklisp/quicklisp-client",
    "primaryTag": "packageManager",
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    "lab": "https://github.com/quicklisp/quicklisp-client/issues",
    "writtenIn": "lisp make",
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    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/quicklisp/quicklisp-client",
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    "creators": "Arvid E. Picciani",
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    "aka": "drunk octopus",
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    "example": "using <stdio.h>::{printf}  export fn main() -> int {     let r = Random{         num: 42,     };     printf(\"your lucky number: %u\\n\", r.gen());     return 0; }  struct Random {     u32 num; }  fn gen(Random *self) -> u32 {     return self->num; }",
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    "country": "United States",
    "example": "#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h>  class Mammal {      + int population = 0;             // Class Variable (+)     - int height = 0, weight = 100;   // Object Variable (-)      + Mammal *init(int height, int weight) {  // Class Method (+) Constructor         this->height = height;         this->weight = weight;         Mammal->population++;         return this;     }      - void print() {                          // Object Method (-)         printf(\"print instance properties...\\n\");     } }",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/maelswarm/nymph",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
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    "website": "https://ibis-project.org/",
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    "creators": "Mike Jenkins",
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    "description": "Sixten is an experimental functional programming language where all data is unboxed by default. Functional programming with fewer indirections!",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "MODULE ObxFact; (**     project         = \"BlackBox\"     organization    = \"www.oberon.ch\"     contributors    = \"Oberon microsystems\"     version         = \"System/Rsrc/About\"     copyright       = \"System/Rsrc/About\"     license         = \"Docu/BB-License\"     changes         = \"\"     issues          = \"\"  **)  IMPORT     Stores, Models, TextModels, TextControllers, Integers;  PROCEDURE Read(r: TextModels.Reader; VAR x: Integers.Integer);     VAR i, len, beg: INTEGER; ch: CHAR; buf: POINTER TO ARRAY OF CHAR; BEGIN     r.ReadChar(ch);     WHILE ~r.eot & (ch <= \" \") DO r.ReadChar(ch) END;     ASSERT(~r.eot & (((ch >= \"0\") & (ch <= \"9\")) OR (ch = \"-\")));     beg := r.Pos() - 1; len := 0;     REPEAT INC(len); r.ReadChar(ch) UNTIL r.eot OR (ch < \"0\") OR (ch > \"9\");     NEW(buf, len + 1);     i := 0; r.SetPos(beg);     REPEAT r.ReadChar(buf[i]); INC(i) UNTIL i = len;     buf[i] := 0X;     Integers.ConvertFromString(buf^, x) END Read;  PROCEDURE Write(w: TextModels.Writer; x: Integers.Integer);     VAR i: INTEGER; BEGIN     IF Integers.Sign(x) < 0 THEN w.WriteChar(\"-\") END;     i := Integers.Digits10Of(x);     IF i # 0 THEN         REPEAT DEC(i); w.WriteChar(Integers.ThisDigit10(x, i)) UNTIL i = 0     ELSE w.WriteChar(\"0\")     END END Write;  PROCEDURE Compute*;     VAR beg, end, i, n: INTEGER; ch: CHAR;         s: Stores.Operation;         r: TextModels.Reader; w: TextModels.Writer; attr: TextModels.Attributes;         c: TextControllers.Controller;         x: Integers.Integer; BEGIN     c := TextControllers.Focus();     IF (c # NIL) & c.HasSelection() THEN         c.GetSelection(beg, end);         r := c.text.NewReader(NIL); r.SetPos(beg); r.ReadChar(ch);         WHILE ~r.eot & (beg < end) & (ch <= \" \") DO r.ReadChar(ch); INC(beg) END;         IF ~r.eot & (beg < end) THEN             r.ReadPrev; Read(r, x);             end := r.Pos(); r.ReadPrev; attr :=r.attr;             IF (Integers.Sign(x) > 0) & (Integers.Compare(x, Integers.Long(MAX(LONGINT))) <= 0) THEN                 n := SHORT(Integers.Short(x)); i := 2; x := Integers.Long(1);                 WHILE i <= n DO x := Integers.Product(x, Integers.Long(i)); INC(i) END;                 Models.BeginScript(c.text, \"computation\", s);                 c.text.Delete(beg, end);                 w := c.text.NewWriter(NIL); w.SetPos(beg); w.SetAttr(attr);                 Write(w, x);                 Models.EndScript(c.text, s)             END         END     END END Compute;  END ObxFact.",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1209",
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    "githubLanguage_group": "Shell",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "sh",
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    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.shell",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "t/TCSH.tcsh",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "tcsh csh",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 200,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 20,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#tcsh",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "#!/bin/tcsh echo \"Hello World\" ",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Tcsh",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/tcsh",
    "rijuRepl_example": "echo \"Hello, world!\" ",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2560",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/atom/language-shellscript",
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    "githubLanguage": "Tcsh"
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    "id": "clang",
    "name": "Clang",
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    "creators": "Chris Lattner",
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    "tags": "compiler",
    "website": "https://clang.llvm.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "primaryTag": "compiler",
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    "writtenIn": "cpp",
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    "inputLanguages": "c cpp objective-c",
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "docs": "https://clang.llvm.org/docs/",
    "country": "United States",
    "subreddit": "https://reddit.com/r/Clang",
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    "id": "lotusscript",
    "name": "LotusScript",
    "appeared": 1996,
    "measurements": 20,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "l/LotusScript.lss",
    "wikipedia_related": "visual-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "LotusScript is an object oriented programming language used by Lotus Notes (since version 4.0) and other IBM Lotus Software products. LotusScript is similar to Visual Basic. Developers familiar with one can easily understand the syntax and structure of code in the other. The major differences between the two are in their respective Integrated Development Environments and in the product-specific object classes provided in each language that are included. VB includes a richer set of classes for UI manipulation, whereas LotusScript includes a richer set of application-specific classes for Lotus Notes, Lotus Word Pro and Lotus 1-2-3. In the case of Lotus Notes, there are classes to work with Notes databases, documents (records) in those databases, etc. These classes can also be used as OLE Automation objects outside of the Lotus Notes environment, from Visual Basic. LotusScript also allows the definition of user-defined types and classes, although it is not possible to inherit from the product-specific classes.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
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    "lab": "Lotus Development Corporation",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:LotusScript",
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "Sub Initialize  Print \"Hello World\" End Sub ",
    "leachim6": "LotusScript",
    "printToken": "Print",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LotusScript",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=3547",
    "tiobe": "LotusScript",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1997|Hungry Minds Inc,U.S.|Teach Yourself...: Lotusscript for Notes/Domino 4.6|Bill Kreisle and Rocky Oliver|9781558285606\\n1999|Manning Publications|Practical LotusScript|Patton, Anthony|9781884777769\\n1996|John Wiley & Sons Inc|60 Minute Guide To Lotusscript 3 Programming For Lotus Notes 4|Robert Beyer and Roland, Jr. Houle and Robert Perron|9781568847795",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nLotusScript for Dummies|1997|James G. Meade|2104599|5.00|1|0\\nInside LotusScript: A Complete Guide to Notes Programming|1997|Joe McGinn|4978354|3.00|2|0\\n60 Minute Guide to LotusScript 3 Programming for Lotus Notes 4|1996|Robert Beyer|3306848|4.00|1|0"
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  {
    "id": "mlscript",
    "name": "MLscript",
    "appeared": 2020,
    "creators": "Luyu Cheng and Lionel Parreaux",
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://hkust-taco.github.io/mlscript",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1010,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/hkust-taco/mlscript/",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "githubRepo_subscribers": 6,
    "githubRepo_forks": 25,
    "githubRepo_stars": 170,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2020,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 2314,
    "repoStats_committers": 26,
    "repoStats_files": 826,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 124383,
    "webRepl": "https://hkust-taco.github.io/mlscript/",
    "description": "A step towards rethinking pattern matching to make it more powerful and natural to use.",
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    "paper": "https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3689746",
    "lab": "HKUST",
    "rijuRepl_description": "A step towards rethinking pattern matching to make it more powerful and natural to use.",
    "writtenIn": "scala standard-ml typescript markdown json html javascript css nix yaml make",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 273,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 34,
    "influencedBy": "ml ocaml haskell standard-ml scala rust",
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "China",
    "example": "type List[A] = Cons[A] | Nil  class Cons[out A](head: A, tail: List[A]) {   fun map: (A -> 'B) -> List['B]   map(f) = Cons of f(head), tail.map(f) } module Nil {   fun map(f) = Nil }  fun (::) cons(x, xs) = Cons(x, xs)  fun show(xs) =   let rec go(xs) = if xs is     Cons(h, Nil) then String(h)     Cons(h, t)   then join(String(h), \", \", go(t))     Nil          then \"\"   join(\"[\", go(xs), \"]\")  let xs = 1 :: 2 :: 3 :: Nil  show(xs)  show(xs.map of x => succ(x)) ",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/hkust-taco/mlscript/",
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  {
    "id": "javacc",
    "name": "JavaCC",
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    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "website": "https://javacc.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1011,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "grammarLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "domainName_registered": 2012,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1996,
    "wikipedia_related": "java yacc lex beanshell lucene-query-syntax antlr coco-r",
    "wikipedia_summary": "JavaCC (Java Compiler Compiler) is an open source parser generator and lexical analyzer generator written in the Java programming language. JavaCC is similar to yacc in that it generates a parser from a formal grammar written in EBNF notation. Unlike yacc, however, JavaCC generates top-down parsers. JavaCC can resolve choices based on the next k input tokens, and so can handle LL(k) grammars automatically; by use of \"lookahead specifications\", it can also resolve choices requiring unbounded look ahead. JavaCC also generates lexical analyzers in a fashion similar to lex. The tree builder that accompanies it, JJTree, constructs its trees from the bottom up. JavaCC is licensed under a BSD license.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 47,
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    "lab": "Sun Microsystems",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 784,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 5,
    "expandedMeasurements": 13,
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/javacc",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaCC",
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    "domainName": "javacc.org",
    "linkedInSkill": "javacc"
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    "id": "lingo",
    "name": "Lingo",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1012,
    "exampleCount": 2,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "l/Lingo.lg4",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1988,
    "wikipedia_related": "smalltalk hypertalk javascript actionscript",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Lingo is a verbose object-oriented (OO) scripting language developed by John H. Thompson for use in Adobe Director (formerly Macromedia Director). Lingo is used to develop desktop application software, interactive kiosks, CD-ROMs and Adobe Shockwave content. Lingo is the primary programming language on the Adobe Shockwave platform, which dominated the interactive multimedia product market during the 1990s. Various graphic adventure games were developed with Lingo during the 1990s, including The Journeyman Project, Total Distortion, Mia's Language Adventure, Mia's Science Adventure, and the Didi & Ditto series. Hundreds of free online video games were developed using Lingo, and published on websites such as Miniclip and Shockwave.com. Lingo can be used to build user interfaces, to manipulate raster graphics, vector graphics and 3D computer graphics, and other data processing tasks. Lingo supports specialized syntax for image processing and 3D object manipulation. 3D meshes can also be created on the fly using Lingo.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "lab": "MacroMind",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Lingo",
    "country": "United States",
    "helloWorldCollection": "Hello World in Lingo (Macromedia Director)  on startmovie   alert \"Hello World\" end ",
    "leachim6_example": "on startmovie   alert \"Hello World\" end ",
    "leachim6": "Lingo",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingo_(programming_language)",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1640",
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    "id": "qore",
    "name": "Qore",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "creators": "David Nichols",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://qore.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "q/Qore.q",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Qore is an interpreted, high-level, general-purpose, garbage collected  dynamic programming language, featuring support for code embedding and sandboxing with optional strong typing and a focus on fundamental support for multithreading and SMP scalability. Qore is unique because it is an interpreted scripting language with fundamental support for multithreading (meaning more than one part of the same code can run at the same time), and additionally because it features automatic memory management (meaning programmers do not have to allocate and free memory explicitly) while also supporting the RAII idiom with destructors for scope-based resource management and exception-safe programming.  This is due to Qore's unique prompt collection implementation for garbage collection.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 6,
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    "lab": "https://github.com/qorelanguage",
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    "country": "Czech Republic",
    "leachim6_example": "#!/usr/bin/env qore %exec-class HelloWorld class HelloWorld {     constructor()     {      background $.say(\"Hello World\");     }     private say($arg)     {      printf(\"%s\\n\", $arg);     } }",
    "leachim6": "Qore",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/qorelanguage/qore",
    "printToken": "printf",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qore_(programming_language)",
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    "id": "root-lib",
    "name": "ROOT",
    "appeared": 1994,
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "library",
    "website": "https://root.cern.ch/",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2018,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux solaris ia-32 postscript svg latex python matlab matplotlib scipy numpy perl-data-language perl r igor-pro",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ROOT is an object-oriented program and library developed by CERN. It was originally designed for particle physics data analysis and contains several features specific to this field, but it is also used in other applications such as astronomy and data mining.  Release 6.14.04 as of 2018-08-23",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "description": "A modular scientific software toolkit. It provides all the functionalities needed to deal with big data processing, statistical analysis, visualisation and storage. It is mainly written in C++ but integrated with other languages such as Python and R.",
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    "rijuRepl_example": "PRINT *, 'Hello, world!' END ",
    "wikipedia_example": "IF (A .GT. B) THEN         MAX = A       ELSE         MAX = B       ENDIF",
    "leachim6": "RatFor",
    "printToken": "print",
    "stringToken": "'",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratfor",
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    "id": "hakaru",
    "name": "hakaru",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://hakaru-dev.github.io/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 22673,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/hakaru-dev/hakaru",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 27,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2014,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2022,
    "repoStats_commits": 6842,
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    "description": "Hakaru is a simply-typed probabilistic programming language, designed for easy specification of probabilistic models and inference algorithms. This type of language is useful for the development of machine learning algorithms and stochastic modeling.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Hakaru is a simply-typed probabilistic programming language, designed for easy specification of probabilistic models and inference algorithms. This type of language is useful for the development of machine learning algorithms and stochastic modeling.",
    "lab": "Indiana University && McMaster University",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Hakaru is a simply-typed probabilistic programming language, designed for easy specification of probabilistic models and inference algorithms. This type of language is useful for the development of machine learning algorithms and stochastic modeling.",
    "writtenIn": "haskell markdown xml yaml bourne-shell tex vim-script perl make python css lisp javascript",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 444,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.reddit.com/r/ProgrammingLanguages/comments/hejono/hakaru_a_simplytyped_probabilistic_programming/",
    "example": "def pulls(strength real):     normal(strength, 1)  def winner(a real, b real):     a_pull <~ pulls(a)     b_pull <~ pulls(b)     return (a_pull > b_pull)  alice <~ normal(0,1) bob   <~ normal(0,1) carol <~ normal(0,1)  match1 <~ winner(alice, bob) match2 <~ winner(bob, carol) match3 <~ winner(alice, carol)",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/hakaru-dev/hakaru",
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    "id": "datafun",
    "name": "datafun",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "creators": "Michael Arntzenius",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.rntz.net/datafun/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1035,
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    "pldbScore": 22662,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/rntz/datafun",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2015,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 42,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2015,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2022,
    "repoStats_commits": 2219,
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    "repoStats_mb": 3,
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    "description": "It's a simple, pure, and total functional language that generalizes Datalog. Datafun's superpower is that it can concisely and declaratively express and compute fixed points of monotone maps on semilattices.",
    "githubRepo_description": "It's a simple, pure, and total functional language that generalizes Datalog. Datafun's superpower is that it can concisely and declaratively express and compute fixed points of monotone maps on semilattices.",
    "lab": "University of Birmingham",
    "rijuRepl_description": "It's a simple, pure, and total functional language that generalizes Datalog. Datafun's superpower is that it can concisely and declaratively express and compute fixed points of monotone maps on semilattices.",
    "writtenIn": "tex ocaml agda racket make markdown haskell bash bourne-shell python rust json toml",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 436,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "United Kingdom and Canada",
    "reference": "http://www.rntz.net/files/datafun.pdf",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/rntz/datafun",
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    "id": "nadesiko",
    "name": "Nadesiko",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "creators": "kujirahand",
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://nadesi.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "3.6.5",
    "rank": 1036,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 12,
    "pldbScore": 22662,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/kujirahand/nadesiko3",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2017,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 7,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 231,
    "githubRepo_issues": 248,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2017,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 3282,
    "repoStats_committers": 27,
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    "repoStats_mb": 10,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 48635,
    "lab": "https://kujirahand.com",
    "fileExtensions": "nako nako3",
    "writtenIn": "javascript html markdown json css yaml bourne-shell jsx php python bash dockerfile",
    "compilesTo": "javascript",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 317,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 30,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 3,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "Japan",
    "example": "# 取り込みテスト ●(AとBの)加算処理とは     A+Bを戻す。 ここまで。",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/kujirahand/nadesiko3",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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    "id": "pep8",
    "name": "Pep8",
    "appeared": 2009,
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "assembly",
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    "rank": 1037,
    "exampleCount": 2,
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    "pldbScore": 22661,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/StanWarford/pep8",
    "primaryTag": "assembly",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 32,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 33,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 165,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.pep8",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2009,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 8,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 3,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2015,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2009,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2019,
    "repoStats_commits": 490,
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    "repoStats_mb": 24,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 38098,
    "lab": "Pepperdine University",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "pep",
    "writtenIn": "cpp qt html xml javascript",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 244,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 21,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "http://computersystemsbook.com/4th-edition/pep8/",
    "example": " BR main  num: .EQUATE 0  main: SUBSP 2,i  DECI num,s  if: LDA num,s  ANDA 0x0001,i  BRNE else  STRO even_msg,d  BR endIf  else: STRO odd_msg,d  endIf: ADDSP 2,i  STOP  odd_msg: .ASCII \"The number is: Odd\\x00\"  even_msg: .ASCII \"The number is: Even\\x00\"  .END",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "_start: LDA 0,i  LDX 0,i  LDA 20, i  ADDA 51, i  CPA 0,i  BRLT s3  BR s4 s1: LDBYTEA s3, x  NOTA  STBYTEA s3, x  ADDX 1,i  CPX 12, i  BRNE s1 s2: STOP s4: LDA 31, d  LDX 50, d  RET0  STOP s3: CPX -27746, d  ANDX -8241, i  SUBA -12337, sxf  LDX -12289, sx  .END ",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/StanWarford/pep8",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "githubBigQuery": "Pep8",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/R4PaSs/Sublime-Pep8",
    "githubLanguage": "Pep8"
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    "id": "opencv",
    "name": "OpenCV",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "library",
    "website": "https://opencv.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1038,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 40,
    "pldbScore": 22659,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/opencv/opencv",
    "primaryTag": "library",
    "githubRepo_created": 2012,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 2657,
    "githubRepo_forks": 55684,
    "githubRepo_stars": 77208,
    "githubRepo_issues": 2598,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2010,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 35968,
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    "repoStats_files": 7602,
    "repoStats_mb": 541,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 3329234,
    "description": "OpenCV is a library of programming functions mainly for real-time computer vision. Originally developed by Intel, it was later supported by Willow Garage, then Itseez. The library is cross-platform and licensed as free and open-source software under Apache License 2.",
    "githubRepo_description": "OpenCV is a library of programming functions mainly for real-time computer vision. Originally developed by Intel, it was later supported by Willow Garage, then Itseez. The library is cross-platform and licensed as free and open-source software under Apache License 2.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "OpenCV is a library of programming functions mainly for real-time computer vision. Originally developed by Intel, it was later supported by Willow Garage, then Itseez. The library is cross-platform and licensed as free and open-source software under Apache License 2.",
    "writtenIn": "cpp c python markdown cmake java xml opencl html assembly-language objective-cpp javascript cuda swift json diff yaml xaml bourne-shell csharp protobuf glsl tex scala svg css bash gradle kotlin clojure prolog pascal perl objective-c hlsl powershell ini dockerfile idl make",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 246690,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 50,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/opencv/opencv",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenCV",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "ezhil",
    "name": "Ezhil",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "creators": "Muthu Annamalai",
    "measurements": 23,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://ezhillang.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1039,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 22658,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "ezhil.py",
    "domainName_registered": 2021,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2007,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux logo basic python",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Ezhil, in Tamil language script (எழில்), is a compact, open source, interpreted, programming language, originally designed to enable native-Tamil speaking students, K-12 age-group to learn computer programming, and enable learning numeracy and computing, outside of linguistic expertise in predominately English language-based computer systems. In the Ezhil programming language, Tamil keywords and language-grammar are chosen to easily enable the native Tamil speaker write programs in the Ezhil system. Ezhil allows easy representation of computer program closer to the Tamil language logical constructs equivalent to the conditional, branch and loop statements in modern English based programming languages. Ezhil is the first freely available programming language in the Tamil language and one of many known non-English-based programming languages. The language was officially announced in July 2009, while it has been developed since late 2007.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2013,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 19,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 53,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 39845825,
    "lab": "Google",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "n",
    "wikipedia_fileExtensions": "n",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 116,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 26,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Ezhil",
    "country": "United States",
    "helloWorldCollection": "# Hello world in Ezhil  பதிப்பி \"வணக்கம்!\" பதிப்பி \"உலகே வணக்கம்\" பதிப்பி \"******* நன்றி!. *******\" exit()",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Ezhil",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/ezhil",
    "rijuRepl_example": "பதிப்பி \"வணக்கம், உலகமே!\" ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/ezhillang",
    "wikipedia_example": "நிரல்பாகம் yin(radius, color1, color2)     #turtle_width(3)     turtle_color(\"black\")     turtle_fill(True)     turtle_circle(radius/2., 180)     turtle_circle(radius, 180)     turtle_left(180)     turtle_circle( -1*radius/2.0 , 180 )     turtle_color(color1)     turtle_fill(True)     turtle_color(color2)     turtle_left(90)     turtle_up()     turtle_forward(radius*0.375)     turtle_right(90)     turtle_down()     turtle_circle(radius*0.125)     turtle_left(90)     turtle_fill(False)     turtle_up()     turtle_backward(radius*0.375)     turtle_down()     turtle_left(90) முடி  நிரல்பாகம் main()     #turtle_reset()     yin(200, \"white\", \"black\")     yin(200, \"black\", \"white\")     turtle_ht()     pause( \"Done! Hit enter to quit\", 5) முடி  main()",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "booleanTokens": "True False",
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezhil_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "ezhillang.org"
  },
  {
    "id": "1c-enterprise",
    "name": "1C Enterprise Script",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1040,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 22655,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 250,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 274,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 38669,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.bsl",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "#/1C Enterprise",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 261,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2015,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 6,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 3,
    "description": "The 1C:Enterprise platform allows for business oriented application development. The software allows work in thick, thin and web clients.[21] It also supports creating mobile applications for Android and iOS in the same environment using the 1C programming language",
    "githubRepo_description": "The 1C:Enterprise platform allows for business oriented application development. The software allows work in thick, thin and web clients.[21] It also supports creating mobile applications for Android and iOS in the same environment using the 1C programming language",
    "lab": "1C Company",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The 1C:Enterprise platform allows for business oriented application development. The software allows work in thick, thin and web clients.[21] It also supports creating mobile applications for Android and iOS in the same environment using the 1C programming language",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "bsl os",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 200,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 19,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Russia",
    "reference": "https://1c-dn.com/library/tutorials/practical_developer_guide_for_1c_enterprise_8_3/",
    "leachim6_example": "Message(\"Hello World\"); ",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "Каталог = ОбъединитьПути(ТекущийКаталог(), \"libs\\oscript-library\\src\"); Загрузчик_Оригинал_ИмяФайла = ОбъединитьПути(Каталог, \"package-loader.os\");  Файлы = НайтиФайлы(Каталог, , Ложь); Для Каждого ВыбФайл Из Файлы Цикл      Если ВыбФайл.ЭтоФайл() Тогда         Продолжить;     КонецЕсли;      Загрузчик_ИмяФайла = ОбъединитьПути(ВыбФайл.ПолноеИмя, \"package-loader.os\");     Загрузчик_Файл = Новый Файл(Загрузчик_ИмяФайла);      Если Загрузчик_Файл.Существует() Тогда         Продолжить;     КонецЕсли;      КопироватьФайл(Загрузчик_Оригинал_ИмяФайла, Загрузчик_ИмяФайла);  КонецЦикла;",
    "leachim6": "1C Enterprise",
    "printToken": "Message",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "1C Enterprise",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/xDrivenDevelopment/atom-language-1c-bsl.git",
    "githubLanguage": "1C Enterprise"
  },
  {
    "id": "cartocss",
    "name": "CartoCSS",
    "appeared": 2010,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1041,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 22655,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 289,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 341,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 477,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "Carto",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.css.mss",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 19,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2015,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 2,
    "lab": "Mapbox",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "mss",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 200,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 20,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://blog.mapbox.com/the-end-of-cartocss-da2d7427cf1",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "@marina-text: #576ddf; // also swimming_pool @wetland-text: darken(#017fff, 10%); /* Also for marsh */ @mud-text: darken(#aea397, 20%); @shop-icon: #ac39ac; @transportation-icon: #0092da; @transportation-text: #0066ff; @airtransport: #8461C4;  @landcover-font-size: 10; @landcover-font-size-big: 12; @landcover-font-size-bigger: 15; @landcover-wrap-width-size: 25; @landcover-wrap-width-size-big: 35; @landcover-wrap-width-size-bigger: 45; @landcover-face-name: @oblique-fonts;  @standard-wrap-width: 30;  .points {   [feature = 'tourism_alpine_hut'][zoom >= 13] {     point-file: url('symbols/alpinehut.p.16.png');     point-placement: interior;   }    [feature = 'amenity_shelter'][zoom >= 16] {     point-file: url('symbols/shelter2.p.16.png');     point-placement: interior;   }    [feature = 'amenity_atm'][zoom >= 17] {     point-file: url('symbols/atm2.p.16.png');     point-placement: interior;   }    [feature = 'amenity_bank'][zoom >= 17] {     point-file: url('symbols/bank2.p.16.png');     point-placement: interior;   }    [feature = 'amenity_bar'][zoom >= 17] {     point-file: url('symbols/bar.p.20.png');     point-placement: interior;   }    [feature = 'amenity_bicycle_rental'][zoom >= 17] {     point-file: url('symbols/rental_bicycle.p.20.png');     point-placement: interior;   }    [feature = 'highway_bus_stop'] {     [zoom >= 16] {       marker-file: url('symbols/square.svg');       marker-fill: @transportation-icon;       marker-placement: interior;       marker-width: 6;     }     [zoom >= 17] {       marker-file: url('symbols/bus_stop.p.12.png');       marker-width: 12;     }   }    [feature = 'amenity_bus_station'][zoom >= 16] {     point-file: url('symbols/bus_station.n.16.png');     point-placement: interior;   }    [feature = 'highway_traffic_signals'][zoom >= 17] {     marker-file: url('symbols/traffic_light.svg');     marker-fill: #0a0a0a;     marker-placement: interior;   }    [feature = 'amenity_cafe'][zoom >= 17] {     point-file: url('symbols/cafe.p.1",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "CartoCSS",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/yohanboniface/carto-atom",
    "githubLanguage": "CartoCSS"
  },
  {
    "id": "cpl",
    "name": "CPL",
    "appeared": 1963,
    "creators": "Christopher Strachey",
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1042,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 22654,
    "hoplId": 181,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "id": "nuget-pm",
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    "id": "rubygems-pm",
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    "lab": "https://abstractmachines.dev",
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "jedi",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/mauricemach/coffeekup",
    "primaryTag": "template",
    "githubRepo_created": 2010,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2010,
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    "description": "Markup as CoffeeScript.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Markup as CoffeeScript.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Markup as CoffeeScript.",
    "writtenIn": "coffeescript html markdown javascript bourne-shell css json",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1531,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 18,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "example": "doctype 5 html ->   head ->     meta charset: 'utf-8'     title \"#{@title or 'Untitled'} | A completely plausible website\"     meta(name: 'description', content: @description) if @description?          link rel: 'stylesheet', href: '/css/app.css'          style '''       body {font-family: sans-serif}       header, nav, section, footer {display: block}     '''          script src: '/js/jquery.js'          coffeescript ->       $(document).ready ->         alert 'Alerts suck!'   body ->     header ->       h1 @title or 'Untitled'              nav ->         ul ->           (li -> a href: '/', -> 'Home') unless @path is '/'           li -> a href: '/chunky', -> 'Bacon!'           switch @user.role             when 'owner', 'admin'               li -> a href: '/admin', -> 'Secret Stuff'             when 'vip'               li -> a href: '/vip', -> 'Exclusive Stuff'             else               li -> a href: '/commoners', -> 'Just Stuff'      div '#myid.myclass.anotherclass', style: 'position: fixed', ->       p 'Divitis kills! Inline styling too.'      section ->       # A helper function you built and included.       breadcrumb separator: '>', clickable: yes              h2 \"Let's count to 10:\"       p i for i in [1..10]              # Another hypothetical helper.       form_to @post, ->         textbox '#title', label: 'Title:'         textbox '#author', label: 'Author:'         submit 'Save'      footer ->       # CoffeeScript comments. Not visible in the output document.       comment 'HTML comments.'       p 'Bye!'",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/mauricemach/coffeekup",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "qmake",
    "name": "QMake",
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    "measurements": 14,
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    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1076,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 22589,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 13539,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 17519,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 3624,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_interpreters": "qmake",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.qmake",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 4,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux freebsd make qt cmake",
    "wikipedia_summary": "qmake is an utility that automates the generation of makefiles. Makefiles are used by the program make to build executable programs from source code; therefore qmake is a make-makefile tool, or makemake for short. The makefiles that qmake produces are tailored to the particular platform where it is run from based on qmake project files. This way one set of build instructions can be used to create build instructions on different operating systems. qmake supports code generation for the following operating systems: Linux, Apple Mac OS X, Symbian, Microsoft Windows and Microsoft Windows CE. qmake was created by Trolltech (now The Qt Company). It is distributed and integrated with the Qt application framework, and automates the creation of moc (meta object compiler) and rcc (resource compiler) sources, which are used in Qt's meta-object system and in the integration of binary resources (e.g., pictures). The qmake tool helps simplify the build process for development projects across different platforms. It automates the generation of Makefiles so that only a few lines of information are needed to create each Makefile. You can use qmake for any software project, whether it is written with Qt or not.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 31,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 57,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 48,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 10962771,
    "lab": "Qt Group plc",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Finland",
    "reference": "http://doc.qt.io/archives/qt-4.8/qmake-tutorial.html",
    "example": "CONFIG += qt debug HEADERS += hello.h SOURCES += hello.cpp SOURCES += main.cpp win32 {     SOURCES += hellowin.cpp } unix {     SOURCES += hellounix.cpp } !exists( main.cpp ) {     error( \"No main.cpp file found\" ) } win32:debug {     CONFIG += console }",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "#!/usr/bin/qmake message(This is QMake.) ",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qmake",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "QMake",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/cpp-qt.tmbundle",
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    "id": "lookml",
    "name": "LookML",
    "appeared": 2012,
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://docs.looker.com/data-modeling/learning-lookml/what-is-lookml",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1077,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 47,
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "yaml",
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    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 205,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2013,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 25,
    "lab": "Looker",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "lookml modellkml viewlkml",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 201,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 17,
    "fileType": "text",
    "reference": "https://docs.looker.com/relnotes/v1-release-notes#looker_1.10.13",
    "example": "###################################### # FILE: ecommercestore.model.lkml    # # Define the explores and join logic # ###################################### connection: order_database include: \"*.view.lkml\" explore: orders {   join: customers {     sql_on: ${orders.customer_id} = ${customers.id} ;;   } }  ########################################################## # FILE: orders.view.lkml                                 # # Define the dimensions and measures for the ORDERS view # ########################################################## view: orders {   dimension: id {     primary_key: yes     type: number     sql: ${TABLE}.id ;;   }   dimension: customer_id {      # field: orders.customer_id     sql: ${TABLE}.customer_id ;;   }   dimension: amount {           # field: orders.amount     type: number     value_format: \"0.00\"     sql: ${TABLE}.amount ;;   }   dimension_group: created {                # generates fields:     type: time                              # orders.created_time, orders.created_date     timeframes: [time, date, week, month]   # orders.created_week, orders.created_month     sql: ${TABLE}.created_at ;;   }   measure: count {             # field: orders.count     type: count                # creates a sql COUNT(*)     drill_fields: [drill_set*] # list of fields to show when someone clicks 'ORDERS Count'   }   measure: total_amount {     type: sum     sql: ${amount} ;;   }   set: drill_set {     fields: [id, created_time, customers.name, amount]   } }  ############################################################# # FILE: customers.view.lkml                                 # # Define the dimensions and measures for the CUSTOMERS view # ############################################################# view: customers {   dimension: id {     primary_key: yes     type: number     sql: ${TABLE}.id ;;   }   dimension: city {                    # field: customers.city     sql: ${TABLE}.city ;;   }   dimension: state {                   # field: customers.state     sql: ${TABLE}.state ;;   }   dimension: name {     sql: CONCAT(${TABLE}.firstname, \" \", ${TABLE}.lastname) ;;   }   measure: count {             # field: customers.count     type: count                # creates a sql COUNT(*)     drill_fields: [drill_set*] # fields to show when someone clicks 'CUSTOMERS Count'   }   set: drill_set {                     # set: customers.drill_set     fields: [id, state, orders.count]  # list of fields to show when someone clicks 'CUSTOMERS Count'   } }",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "- view: comments   fields:    - dimension: id     primary_key: true     type: int     sql: ${TABLE}.id    - dimension: body     sql: ${TABLE}.body    - dimension_group: created     type: time     timeframes: [time, date, week, month]     sql: ${TABLE}.created_at    - dimension: headline_id     type: int     hidden: true     sql: ${TABLE}.headline_id    - dimension_group: updated     type: time     timeframes: [time, date, week, month]     sql: ${TABLE}.updated_at    - dimension: user_id     type: int     hidden: true     sql: ${TABLE}.user_id    - measure: count     type: count     detail: detail*     # ----- Detail ------   sets:     detail:       - id       - headlines.id       - headlines.name       - users.id",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "githubBigQuery": "LookML",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/atom/language-yaml",
    "githubLanguage": "LookML"
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    "id": "eagle",
    "name": "Eagle",
    "appeared": 1988,
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    "tags": "application",
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    "pldbScore": 22584,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "application",
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    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "xml",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "xml",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/xml",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "text.xml",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 97,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2004,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1988,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux postscript xml arduino kicad",
    "wikipedia_summary": "EAGLE is a scriptable electronic design automation (EDA) application with schematic capture, printed circuit board (PCB) layout, auto-router and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) features. EAGLE stands for Easily Applicable Graphical Layout Editor (German: Einfach Anzuwendender Grafischer Layout-Editor) and is developed by CadSoft Computer GmbH. The company was acquired by Autodesk Inc. in 2016.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
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    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 476,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 1470123,
    "lab": "Autodesk",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "sch brd",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1105,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 4196,
    "country": "United States",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?> <!DOCTYPE eagle SYSTEM \"eagle.dtd\"> <eagle version=\"6.3\"> <drawing> <settings> <setting alwaysvectorfont=\"no\"/> <setting verticaltext=\"up\"/> </settings> <grid distance=\"10\" unitdist=\"mil\" unit=\"mil\" style=\"lines\" multiple=\"1\" display=\"no\" altdistance=\"0.025\" altunitdist=\"inch\" altunit=\"inch\"/> <layers> <layer number=\"1\" name=\"Top\" color=\"4\" fill=\"1\" visible=\"yes\" active=\"yes\"/> <layer number=\"2\" name=\"Route2\" color=\"1\" fill=\"3\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"3\" name=\"Route3\" color=\"4\" fill=\"3\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"4\" name=\"Route4\" color=\"1\" fill=\"4\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"5\" name=\"Route5\" color=\"4\" fill=\"4\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"6\" name=\"Route6\" color=\"1\" fill=\"8\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"7\" name=\"Route7\" color=\"4\" fill=\"8\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"8\" name=\"Route8\" color=\"1\" fill=\"2\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"9\" name=\"Route9\" color=\"4\" fill=\"2\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"10\" name=\"Route10\" color=\"1\" fill=\"7\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"11\" name=\"Route11\" color=\"4\" fill=\"7\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"12\" name=\"Route12\" color=\"1\" fill=\"5\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"13\" name=\"Route13\" color=\"4\" fill=\"5\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"14\" name=\"Route14\" color=\"1\" fill=\"6\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"15\" name=\"Route15\" color=\"4\" fill=\"6\" visible=\"no\" active=\"no\"/> <layer number=\"16\" name=\"Bottom\" color=\"1\" fill=\"1\" visible=\"yes\" active=\"yes\"/> <layer number=\"17\" name=\"Pads\" color=\"2\" fill=\"1\" visible=\"yes\" active=\"yes\"/> <layer number=\"18\" name=\"Vias\" color=\"2\" fill=\"1\" visible=\"yes\" active=\"yes\"/> <layer number=\"19\" name=\"Unrouted\" color=\"6\" fill=\"1\" visible=\"yes\" active=\"yes\"/> <layer number=\"20\" name=\"Dimension\" color=\"15\" fill=\"1\" visible=\"yes\" active=\"yes\"/> <layer number=\"21\" name=\"tPlace\" color=\"7\" fill=\"1\" visible=\"yes\" act",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EAGLE_(program)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "Eagle",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/xml.tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "Eagle"
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    "id": "grammatical-framework",
    "name": "Grammatical Framework",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
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    "rank": 1079,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 22583,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "grammarLanguage",
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    "githubLanguage_repos": 624169,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "gf",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "haskell",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "haskell",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-haskell",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.gf",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 463,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1998,
    "wikipedia_related": "javascript java",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Grammatical Framework (GF) is a programming language for writing grammars of natural languages. GF is capable of parsing and generating texts in several languages simultaneously while working from a language-independent representation of meaning. Grammars written in GF can be compiled into different formats including JavaScript and Java and can be reused as software components. A companion to GF is the GF Resource Grammar Library, a reusable library for dealing with the morphology and syntax of a growing number of natural languages. Both GF itself and the GF Resource Grammar Library are open-source. Typologically, GF is a functional programming language. Mathematically, it is a type-theoretic formal system (a logical framework to be precise) based on Martin-Löf's intuitionistic type theory, with additional judgments tailored specifically to the domain of linguistics.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 10372077,
    "lab": "Xerox Research Centre Europe",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "gf",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 265,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 16,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "France",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "--# -path=.:present  -- (c) 2009 Aarne Ranta under LGPL  concrete FoodsFin of Foods = FoodsI with   (Syntax = SyntaxFin),   (LexFoods = LexFoodsFin) ; ",
    "wikipedia_example": "> parse -lang=Fre \"Marie aime Jean\" | align_words -lang=Fre,Dut,Lat -view=\"eog\"",
    "lineCommentToken": "--",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammatical_Framework",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "githubBigQuery": "Grammatical Framework",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/atom-haskell/language-haskell",
    "githubLanguage": "Grammatical Framework"
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    "id": "linearml",
    "name": "LinearML",
    "appeared": 2010,
    "creators": "Julien Verlaguet",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://github.com/pikatchu/LinearML",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1080,
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    "pldbScore": 22580,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/pikatchu/LinearML",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2010,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2010,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2014,
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    "repoStats_committers": 15,
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    "repoStats_mb": 1,
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    "lab": "Facebook",
    "fileExtensions": "lml",
    "writtenIn": "ocaml c make actionscript bash bourne-shell",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 558,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "United States",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/pikatchu/LinearML",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|url|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n2310587|LinearML:a programming language designed to write efficient parallel programs.|https://github.com/pikatchu/LinearML/|2011-03-10 20:18:22 UTC|1299784702|primodemus|22|69"
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    "id": "bloop",
    "name": "BlooP",
    "appeared": 1979,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "esolang",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1081,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 22577,
    "hoplId": 844,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "esolang",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "b/Bloop.bloop",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1979,
    "wikipedia_summary": "BlooP and FlooP are simple programming languages designed by Douglas Hofstadter to illustrate a point in his book Gödel, Escher, Bach. BlooP is a non-Turing-complete programming language whose main control flow structure is a bounded loop (i.e. recursion is not permitted). All programs in the language must terminate, and this language can only express primitive recursive functions. FlooP is identical to BlooP except that it supports unbounded loops; it is a Turing-complete language and can express all computable functions. For example, it can express the Ackermann function, which (not being primitive recursive) cannot be written in BlooP. Borrowing from standard terminology in mathematical logic, Hofstadter calls FlooP's unbounded loops MU-loops. Like all Turing-complete programming languages, FlooP suffers from the halting problem: programs might not terminate, and it is not possible, in general, to decide which programs do. BlooP and FlooP can be regarded as models of computation, and have sometimes been used in teaching computability.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 33,
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    "lab": "Fluid Analogies Research Group",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "bloop",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 185,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 19,
    "fileType": "text",
    "replit": "https://repl.it/languages/bloop",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:BlooP",
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "DEFINE PROCEDURE ''HELLO-WORLD'' [N]: BLOCK 0: BEGIN      PRINT['Hello World'] BLOCK 0: END. HELLO-WORLD[1];",
    "wikipedia_example": "DEFINE PROCEDURE ''ACKERMANN'' [M, N]: BLOCK 0: BEGIN  CELL(0) ⇐ M;  OUTPUT ⇐ N;  CELL(1) ⇐ 0;  MU-LOOP:  BLOCK 1: BEGIN   IF CELL(0) = 0, THEN:   BLOCK 2: BEGIN    OUTPUT ⇐ OUTPUT + 1;    IF CELL(1) = 0, THEN: ABORT LOOP 1;    CELL(0) ⇐ TOP [CELL(1)];    CELL(1) ⇐ POP [CELL(1)];    QUIT BLOCK 1;   BLOCK 2: END   IF OUTPUT = 0, THEN:   BLOCK 3: BEGIN    OUTPUT ⇐ 1;    CELL(0) ⇐ MINUS [CELL(0), 1];    QUIT BLOCK 1;   BLOCK 3: END   OUTPUT ⇐ MINUS [OUTPUT, 1];   CELL(1) ⇐ PUSH [MINUS [CELL(0), 1], CELL(1)];  BLOCK 1: END; BLOCK 0: END.",
    "leachim6": "Bloop",
    "printToken": "PRINT",
    "stringToken": "'",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlooP_and_FlooP",
    "bookCount": 1,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=844",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n||Experimental Programming Languages: Subtext, Iswim, Unity, P, Lava, Lithe, Bloop And Floop, Advice Taker, Charity, Ambienttalk, Lagoona|Books and LLC|9781156905357"
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  {
    "id": "reko-decompiler",
    "name": "Reko",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "creators": "John Källén",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "decompiler",
    "website": "https://uxmal.github.io/reko",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1082,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 28,
    "pldbScore": 22576,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/uxmal/reko",
    "primaryTag": "decompiler",
    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2007,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 74,
    "githubRepo_forks": 251,
    "githubRepo_stars": 2098,
    "githubRepo_issues": 164,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2007,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 11098,
    "repoStats_committers": 53,
    "repoStats_files": 7028,
    "repoStats_mb": 941,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 8066057,
    "lab": "https://github.com/uxmal/reko/issues",
    "writtenIn": "csharp assembly-language expect c xml markdown cpp pascal cmake json python html llvmir xslt wasm yaml ring make dockerfile xsd css yacc php sql ocaml javascript go bourne-shell",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2906,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 39,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "Sweden",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/uxmal/reko",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "x-it",
    "name": "[x]it!",
    "appeared": 2022,
    "creators": "Jan Heuermann",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "dataNotation",
    "website": "https://xit.jotaen.net",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1083,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 22571,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/jotaen/xit",
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    "reference": "https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_mono/srecode.html",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": ";;; linguist.srt --- Template for linguist-example-mode  ;; Not copyrighted whatsoever. ;; ;; GPL can bite my shiny metal ass. ;; ;; GitHub:   1 ;; Stallman: 0  set mode \"default\"  set comment_start \";\"  set LICENSE \"It's public domain, baby. This was written for the sole purpose of the format's inclusion and recognition by GitHub Linguist. This block of multiline text was added because every other .srt file I could find was GPL-licensed and had long-winded copyright blobs in the file's header. Also, check out my sick line-wrapping abilities.\"  set DOLLAR \"$\"  context file   template license ---- {{LICENSE:srecode-comment-prefix}} ----   template filecomment :file :user :time ---- {{comment_start}} {{FILENAME}} --- {{^}} {{comment_prefix}} YUO WAN GPL? {{comment_prefix}} {{comment_prefix}} Copyright (C) {{YEAR}} {{?AUTHOR}} {{comment_prefix}} {{comment_prefix}} TUO BAD {{comment_prefix}} WE EXPAT PEOPLE {{comment_prefix}} {{EXPLETIVE}} YOU! {{>:copyright}} {{comment_end}} ----  ;; end ",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1969,
    "wikipedia_related": "script sgml xml ipf",
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    "leachim6_example": "draw_text(1, 1, \"Hello World\");",
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    "country": "Denmark",
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    "creators": "Jonas Wanke and Marcel Garus",
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    "creators": "Frank van Viegen",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://github.com/paiq/blackcoffee",
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    "id": "kit",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "n/NXC.nxc",
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    "wikipedia_related": "assembly-language c nqc",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Not eXactly C, or NXC, is a high-level programming language for the Lego Mindstorms NXT designed by John Hansen in 2006. NXC, which is short for Not eXactly C, is based on Next Byte Codes, an assembly language. NXC has a syntax like C. The IDE for NXC is the Bricx Command Center. The NXC compiler is available under the Mozilla Public License. A sample code is as shown below:",
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    "leachim6_example": "task main() {     TextOut(0, LCD_LINE1, \"Hello World\"); } ",
    "wikipedia_example": "task main() //sets a new task. main() is compulsory  {       OnFwd(OUT_BC,75); //ask the motors connected to ports B and C to move forward at a power of 75.       Wait(5000); //wait for 5 seconds [the value is in milliseconds](note that 1000 = 1 second)       Off(OUT_BC); //off the motors connected to ports B and C  }",
    "leachim6": "NXC",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "printToken": "TextOut",
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    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "standsFor": "knowledge representation language",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1976,
    "wikipedia_related": "kuka",
    "wikipedia_summary": "KRL is a knowledge representation language, developed by Daniel G. Bobrow and Terry Winograd while at Xerox PARC and Stanford University, respectively. It is a frame-based language.   KRL was an attempt to produce a language which was nice to read and write for the engineers who had to write programs in it, processed like human memory, so you could have realistic AI programs, had an underlying semantics which was firmly grounded like logic languages, all in one, all in one language. And I think it - again, in hindsight - it just bogged down under the weight of trying to satisfy all those things at once.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "ruleset sample {   meta {     name \"Hello World\"     description << Hello world >>     author \"Phil Windley\"   }    // just one rule   rule hello {     select when web pageview     notify(\"Hello world!\", \"Just a note to say hello\");   } } ",
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    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "githubBigQuery": "KRL",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n||Krl (programming Language)|Surhone and Lambert M. and Tennoe and Mariam T. and Henssonow and Susan F.|9786133170896",
    "githubLanguage": "KRL"
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    "id": "json-url",
    "name": "json->url",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/jsonurl/jsonurl-js",
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    "githubRepo_created": 2020,
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    "webRepl": "https://jsonurl.org/#sandbox",
    "description": "JSON→URL is a language-independent data interchange format for the JSON data model suitable for use within a URL/URI query string. It is defined by an open specification, though not through a standards body.",
    "githubRepo_description": "JSON→URL is a language-independent data interchange format for the JSON data model suitable for use within a URL/URI query string. It is defined by an open specification, though not through a standards body.",
    "lab": "Textuality Services, Inc.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "JSON→URL is a language-independent data interchange format for the JSON data model suitable for use within a URL/URI query string. It is defined by an open specification, though not through a standards body.",
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    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#https://jsonurl.org/#sandbox",
    "docs": "https://github.com/jsonurl/specification",
    "country": "Canada",
    "reference": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8259",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/jsonurl/jsonurl-js",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON%E2%86%92URL",
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    "id": "moo",
    "name": "MOO",
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "m/Moo.moo",
    "standsFor": "MUD, object-oriented",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1993,
    "wikipedia_related": "scheme smalltalk self c ada muf lpc pike linden-scripting-language",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The MOO programming language is a relatively simple programming language used to support the MOO Server. It is dynamically typed and uses a prototype-based object-oriented system, with syntax roughly derived from the Algol school of programming languages.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 12,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 67,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 20178,
    "lab": "University of Waterloo",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/moo",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:MOO",
    "country": "Canada",
    "example": "@program toy:wind this.wound = this.wound + 2; player:tell(\"You wind up the \", this.name,\".\"); player.location:announce(player.name, \" winds up the \", this.name,\".\"); . ",
    "leachim6_example": "@program hello:run player:tell(\"Hello World\"); .",
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    "leachim6": "Moo",
    "printToken": "player:tell",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOO_(programming_language)",
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    "tiobe": "MOO",
    "githubBigQuery": "Moocode",
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    "id": "maya",
    "name": "Maya Embedded Language",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "aka": "MEL Script",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2013,
    "wikipedia_related": "perl tcl python",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Maya Embedded Language (MEL) is a scripting language used to simplify tasks in Autodesk's 3D Graphics Software Maya. Most tasks that can be achieved through Maya's GUI can be achieved with MEL, as well as certain tasks that are not available from the GUI. MEL offers a method of speeding up complicated or repetitive tasks, as well as allowing users to redistribute a specific set of commands to others that may find it useful.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "// animated duplicates/instances script proc animatedDuplication (int $rangeStart, int $rangeEnd, int $numOfDuplicates, int $duplicateOrInstance) {     int $range_start = $rangeStart;     int $range_end = $rangeEnd;     int $num_of_duplicates = $numOfDuplicates;     int $step_size = ($range_end - $range_start) / $num_of_duplicates;     int $i = 0;     int $temp;      currentTime $range_start;     // set to range start      string $selectedObjects[];    // to store selected objects     $selectedObjects = `ls -sl`;  // store selected objects     select $selectedObjects;      while ($i <= $num_of_duplicates)     {         $temp = $range_start + ($step_size * $i);         currentTime ($temp);         // selected the objects to duplicate or instance         select $selectedObjects;         if($duplicateOrInstance == 0)         {             duplicate;         }         else         {             instance;         }         $i++;     } }   // Usage example:  //  duplicate the current selection 5 times --  //  evenly distributed between frame 1 and 240  animatedDuplication(1, 240, 5, 0);",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_Embedded_Language",
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    "id": "bato",
    "name": "Bato",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "creators": "Joel Bryan Juliano",
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://jjuliano.github.io/bato/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/jjuliano/bato",
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    "githubRepo_created": 2016,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2016,
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    "description": "A general-purpose scripting language in Filipino dialect",
    "githubRepo_description": "A general-purpose scripting language in Filipino dialect",
    "rijuRepl_description": "A general-purpose scripting language in Filipino dialect",
    "writtenIn": "ruby",
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "Philippines",
    "reference": "https://www.theregister.com/2018/03/21/philippines_ruby_bato",
    "example": " ang gumawaNgID    mag_print \"------------------------------------------\"    magbigay_daan    mag_print \"------------------------------------------\"  wakas",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/jjuliano/bato",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "edje-data-collection",
    "name": "Edje Data Collection",
    "appeared": 2010,
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "jsonFormat",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "c_cpp",
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    "description": "An Edje Data Collection, it's a plain text file (normally identified with the .edc extension), consisting of instructions for the Edje Compiler.",
    "githubRepo_description": "An Edje Data Collection, it's a plain text file (normally identified with the .edc extension), consisting of instructions for the Edje Compiler.",
    "lab": "Enlightenment development team",
    "rijuRepl_description": "An Edje Data Collection, it's a plain text file (normally identified with the .edc extension), consisting of instructions for the Edje Compiler.",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "edc",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Various",
    "reference": "https://phab.enlightenment.org/w/edjebasics/",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "// https://raw.githubusercontent.com/billiob/terminology/master/data/themes/mild.edc /* overlay to default to make theme easier on the eyes, less effects */  #ifndef BG_COLOR #define BG_COLOR 48 48 48 255 #endif  #ifndef BG_COLOR_TRANSLUCENT #define BG_COLOR_TRANSLUCENT 48 48 48 200 #endif  #ifndef BELL_OVERLAY_COLOR #define BELL_OVERLAY_COLOR 220 220 220 16 #endif   collections {    group { name: \"terminology/background\";  #ifndef INHERIT_PROVIDE_OWN_COLORS        color_classes { #include \"default_colors.in.edc\"        } #endif        images {         image: \"bg_bevel.png\" COMP;         image: \"bg_shine.png\" COMP;         image: \"bg_glint.png\" COMP;         image: \"bg_led_base.png\" COMP;         image: \"bg_led.png\" COMP;         image: \"bg_led_strobe.png\" COMP;         image: \"pm_shadow.png\" COMP;         image: \"pm_overlay.png\" COMP;         image: \"pm_fill.png\" COMP;         image: \"tab_bg_l0.png\" COMP;         image: \"tab_bg_l1.png\" COMP;         image: \"tab_bg_r0.png\" COMP;         image: \"tab_bg_r1.png\" COMP;         image: \"tab_shad_l0.png\" COMP;         image: \"tab_shad_l1.png\" COMP;         image: \"tab_shad_r0.png\" COMP;         image: \"tab_shad_r1.png\" COMP;       }       sounds {          sample { name: \"bell\" LOSSY 64;             source: \"bell.wav\";          }       }        script {          public message(Msg_Type:type, id, ...) {             new r, g, b, a, v;              if ((type != MSG_INT) || (id != 1)) return;              v = (getarg(2) * 255) / 100;              custom_state(PART:\"base\", \"default\", 0.0);             get_state_val(PART:\"base\", STATE_COLOR, r, g, b, a);             set_state_val(PART:\"base\", STATE_COLOR, r, g, b, v);             set_state(PART:\"base\", \"custom\", 0.0);              custom_state(PART:\"fade\", \"default\", 0.0);             get_state_val(PART:\"fade\", STATE_COLOR, r, g, b, a);             set_state_val(PART:\"fade\", STATE_COLOR, r, g, b, v);             set_state(PART:\"fade\", \"custom\", 0.0);          }       }        pa",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "hasComments": true,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/textmate/json.tmbundle",
    "githubLanguage": "Edje Data Collection"
  },
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    "id": "gcc-machine-description",
    "name": "GCC Machine Description",
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    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "lisp",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "commonlisp",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-common-lisp",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.lisp",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 40,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2005,
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    "lab": "University of Arizona",
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    "fileType": "text",
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    "id": "toy-lang",
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    "id": "focal",
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    "id": "clist",
    "name": "CLIST",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_related": "batch cobol pl-i jcl rexx",
    "wikipedia_summary": "CLIST (Command List) (pronounced \"C-List\") is a procedural programming language for TSO in MVS systems. It originated in OS/360 Release 20 and has assumed a secondary role since the availability of Rexx in TSO/E Version 2. The term CLIST is also used for command lists written by users of NetView.In its basic form, a CLIST program (or \"CLIST\" for short) can take the form of a simple list of commands to be executed in strict sequence (like a DOS batch file (*.bat) file).  However, CLIST also features If-Then-Else logic as well as loop constructs. CLIST is an interpreted language.  That is, the computer must translate a CLIST every time the program is executed.  CLISTs therefore tend to be slower than programs written in compiled languages such as COBOL, FORTRAN, or PL/1.  (A program written in a compiled language is translated once to create a \"load module\" or executable.) CLIST can read/write MVS files and read/write from/to a TSO terminal. It can read parameters from the caller and also features a function to hold global variables and pass them between CLISTs. A CLIST can also call an MVS application program (written in COBOL or  PL/I, for example). CLISTs can be run in background (by running JCL which executes the TSO control program (IKJEFT01)). TSO I/O screens and menus using ISPF dialog services can be displayed by CLISTs. Compare the function of CLIST with that provided by REXX.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 21,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 391542,
    "lab": "IBM",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 125,
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "1    /********************************************************************/  2    /*  MULTI-LINGUAL \"HELLO WORLD\" PROGRAM.                            */  3    /*                                                                  */  4    /*  THIS CLIST, STORED AS USERID.TSO.CLIST(TEST), CAN BE INVOKED    */  5    /*  FROM THE ISPF COMMAND LINE AS SHOWN IN THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLE:   */  6    /*                                                                  */  7    /*     COMMAND ===> TSO TEST SPANISH                                */  8    /*                                                                  */  9    /********************************************************************/ 10    PROC 1 LANGUAGE 11      IF &LANGUAGE = SPANISH THEN + 12         WRITE HOLA, MUNDO 13      ELSE IF &LANGUAGE = FRENCH THEN + 14         WRITE BONJOUR, MONDE 15      ELSE + 16         WRITE HELLO, WORLD 17    EXIT",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLIST",
    "bookCount": 3,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=3423",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1990|Mcgraw-hill|Clist Programming (j Ranade Ibm Series)|Kurt Bosler|9780070065512",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nClist Programming|1990|Kurt Bosler|4579164|2.00|1|0\\nCommand Language Cookbook For Mainframes, Minicomputers, And Pc's: Dos/Os/2 Batch Language, Clist, Dcl, Perl, And Rexx|1992|Hallett German|1795689|5.00|1|0"
  },
  {
    "id": "kai",
    "name": "kai",
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    "country": "Various",
    "reference": "https://www.tutorialspoint.com/ruby-on-rails/rails-and-rhtml.htm",
    "example": "<ul>   <% @products.each do |p| %>      <li><%=  @p.name %></li>   <% end %> </ul>",
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    "country": "Argentina",
    "reference": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24347956",
    "example": "lex   match  NUMBER     /[0-9]+(?:\\.[0-9]+)?/   match  PLUS       '+'   match  MINUS      '-'   match  TIMES      '*'   match  DIV        '/'   match  POPEN      '('   match  PCLOSE     ')'   ignore WHITESPACE /^\\s+/ /lex  addition   | (subtraction as :lhs) then :PLUS then (subtraction as :rhs)   |> 'return $.lhs + $.rhs'   | subtraction   ;  subtraction   | (multiplication as :lhs) then :MINUS then (multiplication as :rhs)   |> 'return $.lhs - $.rhs'   | multiplication   ;  multiplication   | (division as :lhs) then :TIMES then (division as :rhs)   |> 'return $.lhs * $.rhs'   | division   ;  division   | (expression as :lhs) then :DIV then (expression as :rhs)   |> 'return $.lhs / $.rhs'   | expression   ;  expression   | :POPEN then (addition as :expr) then :PCLOSE   |> 'return $.expr'   | number   ;  number   | :NUMBER 'return +$1'   ;  start   | addition   ;",
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    "creators": "Mathias Sirthias",
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    "description": "parboiled is a mixed Java/Scala library providing for lightweight and easy-to-use, yet powerful and elegant parsing of arbitrary input text based on Parsing expression grammars (PEGs). PEGs are an alternative to context free grammars (CFGs) for formally specifying syntax, they make a good replacement for regular expressions and generally have quite a few advantages over the \"traditional\" way of building parsers via CFGs.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "HAGGIS is a high-level reference programming language used primarily to examine Computing Science for Scottish pupils taking SQA courses on the subject. HAGGIS is used as a tool to bridge the gap between pseudocode and typical computer programming. HAGGIS is not based on any one language but a mixture that is intended to allow a pupil familiar with any of the many languages used in classrooms to easily understand the syntactic construct being used in an example. It has multiple programming paradigms of functional, imperative and object-oriented to suit this purpose. There are three separate language definitions, one for each level at which computing is assessed by the SQA; these are proper subsets of each other, so for example any program contained by the National 5 level language is also well-defined at Higher and Advanced Higher levels. Higher includes the definition of procedures and functions and the use of record types and files, while Advanced Higher includes object-orientation. Online HAGGIS interpreters have been developed to provide a way for examiners and teachers to check their programs are correctly defined and behave as expected.",
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    "wikipedia_example": "CONSTRUCTOR( [Data Type][Data Name], [Data Type][Data Name]...)         The users' '''HAGGIS''' code will then go here.     END CONSTRUCTOR      FUNCTION <Function Name>() RETURN <Data Type>         The users' '''HAGGIS''' code will then go here.         RETURN THIS <Class Property>     END FUNCTION     '''“THIS” is used to reference the current object invoking the method.'''      PROCEDURE <Procedure Name> ()         The users' '''HAGGIS''' code will then go here.     END PROCEDURE",
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    "id": "little",
    "name": "little",
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    "creators": "Larry McVoy",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.little-lang.org",
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    "domainName_registered": 2016,
    "lab": "https://www.little-lang.org/community.html",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|url|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n11530097|Little: a tcl-based c-like scripting language|http://www.little-lang.org/index.html|2016-04-19 20:31:53 UTC|1461097913|cisstrd|57|101"
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    "id": "cognate",
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    "appeared": 2020,
    "creators": "Finn Barber",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://cognate-lang.github.io/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "description": "A human readable quasi-concatenative programming language. Cognate is a small, dynamic, concatenative language for functional programming. Cognate aims to express complex programs in a simple and readable way through its unique syntax, which emphasises embedding comments into statements. This makes programs very readable and helps a programmer better express their intentions.",
    "githubRepo_description": "A human readable quasi-concatenative programming language. Cognate is a small, dynamic, concatenative language for functional programming. Cognate aims to express complex programs in a simple and readable way through its unique syntax, which emphasises embedding comments into statements. This makes programs very readable and helps a programmer better express their intentions.",
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    "writtenIn": "yaml c lex yacc markdown make",
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    "example": "~~ Prime numbers in Cognate Def Factor (Zero? Modulo Swap); Def Primes (    Let U is upper bound;    initially List ();    For Range 2 to U (       Let P is potential prime;       Let Found be list of found primes;       Let To-check be Take-while (<= Sqrt P) Found;       When All (Not Factor of P) To-check (          Append P       ) to Found    ) ); Print Primes up to 1000;",
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    "domainName_registered": 2018,
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    "country": "Colombia",
    "reference": "https://www.reddit.com/r/ProgrammingLanguages/comments/ep8pc2/manool_practical_language_with_universal_syntax/",
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    "id": "qb64",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "QB64 (originally QB32) is a self-hosting BASIC compiler for Microsoft Windows, Linux and Mac OS X, designed to be compatible with Microsoft QBasic and QuickBASIC. QB64 is a C++ emitter, which is integrated with a C++ compiler to provide compilation via C++ code and GCC optimization.QB64 implements most QBasic statements, and can run many QBasic programs, including Microsoft's QBasic Gorillas and Nibbles games. Furthermore, QB64 has been designed to contain an IDE resembling the QBASIC IDE. QB64 also extends the QBASIC programming language to include 64-bit data types, as well as better sound and graphics support. It can also emulate some DOS/x86 specific features such as INT 33h mouse access, and multiple timers.",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2017|CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|Functional-Light JavaScript: Balanced, Pragmatic FP in JavaScript|Simpson, Kyle|9781981672349\\n2020||Practical Fp In Scala|Gabriel Volpe|9781714556793"
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    "id": "s-algol",
    "name": "S-algol",
    "appeared": 1979,
    "creators": "Ron Morrison and Tony Davie",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "creators": "Erik Demaine and Jason S. Ku and Robert J. Lang",
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    "description": "FOLD file format for origami models, crease patterns, etc.",
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    "creators": "Jason Erb",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "country": "Canada",
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    "lab": "SmartDec",
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    "country": "Russia or Israel",
    "leachim6_example": "~\"Hello World\"sPvG",
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    "id": "netrexx",
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    "id": "yasl",
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    "standsFor": "Yet Another Scripting Language",
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    "description": "Quake is a simple, specialized language and its interpreter drawing on elements of the C language, the Bourne shell, and the C pre-processor. The cm3 compiler includes a quake interpreter as its extension language. In fact, the configuration file, cm3.cfg, and m3makefiles are quake scripts. Quake was designed to be a simple extension language for the builder. Building a complete, general-purpose language was not one of the goals. Cm3 calls out to quake every time it needs to do something that needs to be specialized such as compiling C files or linking.",
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    "reference": "https://www.computer-dictionary-online.org/definitions-q/quake.html",
    "example": "proc simple(prefix, suffix) is    q = prefix & \".\" & suffix  end",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "include(ROOT & \"/m3overrides\") M3_FRONT_FLAGS += \"-vsdebug\" _M3BUNDLE_OVERRIDE = \"T\"",
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    "id": "spline-font-database",
    "name": "Spline Font Database",
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    "measurements": 13,
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    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "text.sfd",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
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    "lab": "https://github.com/fontforge",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "sfd",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 13,
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://fontforge.github.io/docs/techref/sfdformat.html",
    "example": "SplineFontDB: 3.0 FontName: Ambrosia FullName: Ambrosia FamilyName: Ambrosia DefaultBaseFilename: Ambrosia-1.0 Weight: Medium Copyright: Copyright (C) 1995-2000 by George Williams Comments: This is a funny font. UComments: \"This is a funny font.\" FontLog: \"Create Jan 2008\" Version: 001.000 ItalicAngle: 0 UnderlinePosition: -133 UnderlineWidth: 20 Ascent: 800 Descent: 200 sfntRevision: 0x00078106 WidthSeparation: 140 LayerCount: 4 Layer: 0 0 \"Back\" 1 Layer: 1 1 \"Fore\" 0 Layer: 2 0 \"Cubic_Fore\" 0 Layer: 3 0 \"Test\" 1 DisplaySize: -24 DisplayLayer: 1 AntiAlias: 1 WinInfo: 64 16 4 FitToEm: 1 UseUniqueID: 0 UseXUID: 1 XUID: 3 18 21 Encoding: unicode Order2: 1 OnlyBitmaps: 0 MacStyle: 0 TeXData: 1 10485760 0 269484 134742 89828 526385 1048576 89828 CreationTime: 1151539072 ModificationTime: 11516487392 GaspTable 3 8 2 16 1 65535 3 0 DEI: 91125 ExtremaBound: 30",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/Alhadis/language-fontforge",
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    "id": "status-quo-function",
    "name": "SQF",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1318,
    "exampleCount": 2,
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    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
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    "aka": "sqf",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Czechia",
    "reference": "https://community.bistudio.com/wiki/SQF_syntax",
    "example": "_num = 10; _num = _num + 20; systemChat str _num;",
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    "id": "vvvv",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "vvvv (German pronunciation: [faʊfiːɐ̯ ] = \"v4\") is a general purpose toolkit with a special focus on real-time video synthesis and programming large media environments with physical interfaces, real-time motion graphics, audio and video. vvvv uses a dataflow approach and a visual programming interface for rapid prototyping and developing. Applications written in vvvv are commonly called patches. Patches consist of a network of nodes. Patches can be created, edited and tested while they are running. Patches are stored on the disk in standard XML format. vvvv is written in Borland Delphi, plugins can be developed in the .NET Framework in C#. Most nodes handle data in a one-dimensional array of values, called Spreads. In addition to traditional vector algebra this allows programming of particle systems, as also rendering nodes and deal with arrays of values accordingly. If an operation has to deal with arrays of different lengths, the shorter array gets repeated to fill up the larger. vvvv includes a feature it calls boygrouping, where one computer controls a number of slave computers to operate in parallel, with all programming and editing done on the master computer. The toolkit has the ability to work with HLSL Shaders which are written in their common textual form but are embedded in the data flow language and are instantly compiled and uploaded as soon any part of their source code is changed. With a focus on video synthesis and processing, vvvv uses the toolkit DirectX and, as such, is available for Microsoft Windows systems only, although it is known to run stably under Parallels and VMWare Fusion. vvvv currently supports DirectX 9 (including PS 3 and VS 3 shader techniques) and DirectX 11. vvvv was initially developed by the Frankfurt-based media collective MESO as an in-house tool for their own projects, but was then released. vvvv is now maintained by the VVVV group. vvvv is free for non-commercial use and available for download at its website. Any commercial uses require a license.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "reference": "https://visualprogramming.net/",
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    "id": "kamby",
    "name": "Kamby",
    "appeared": 2022,
    "creators": "Henrique Gogó",
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://kamby.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1320,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 22068,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/henriquegogo/kamby",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2022,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2022,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
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    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 1446,
    "webRepl": "https://kamby.org/",
    "description": "A small, embeddable and convenient language for who want to use and understand what is happening behind the scenes. The core is just ~400LOC and binary has just 20kb",
    "githubRepo_description": "A small, embeddable and convenient language for who want to use and understand what is happening behind the scenes. The core is just ~400LOC and binary has just 20kb",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 22,
    "influencedBy": "lisp",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "Brazil",
    "reference": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32761113",
    "example": "planet = [   name := 'World'   nick := 'Earth' ]  'Hello, ' + (planet :: {name})      ",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/henriquegogo/kamby",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "yacas",
    "name": "Yacas",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.yacas.org/",
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    "rank": 1321,
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    "standsFor": "Yet Another Computer Algebra System",
    "domainName_registered": 2015,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_related": "ascii",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Yacas  is a general-purpose computer algebra system.  The name is an acronym for Yet Another Computer Algebra System. Released under the GNU Lesser General Public License, Yacas is free software. YACAS is a program for symbolic manipulation of mathematical expressions. It uses its own programming language designed for symbolic as well as arbitrary-precision numerical computations. The system has a library of scripts that implement many of the symbolic algebra operations; new algorithms can be easily added to the library. YACAS comes with extensive documentation covering the scripting language, the functionality that is already implemented in the system, and the algorithms used. Its development started in early 1999.Yacas handles input and output in plain ASCII or in OpenMath, either interactively or in batch mode.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "description": "a general-purpose computer algebra system. The name is an acronym for Yet Another Computer Algebra System.",
    "githubRepo_description": "a general-purpose computer algebra system. The name is an acronym for Yet Another Computer Algebra System.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "a general-purpose computer algebra system. The name is an acronym for Yet Another Computer Algebra System.",
    "writtenIn": "cpp",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 81,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 17,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Yacas",
    "example": "record[\"name\"]:=\"Isaia\"; record[\"occupation\"]:=\"prophet\"; record[\"is alive\"]:=False;",
    "jupyterKernel": "https://github.com/grzegorzmazur/yacas_kernel",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yacas",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "yacas.org"
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  {
    "id": "xgboost-model",
    "name": "Xgboost",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "binaryDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1322,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 22061,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2014,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux java python r julia scala scikit-learn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "XGBoost is an open-source software library which provides a gradient boosting framework for C++, Java, Python,R, and Julia. It works on Linux, Windows, and macOS. From the project description, it aims to provide a \"Scalable, Portable and Distributed Gradient Boosting (GBM, GBRT, GBDT) Library\". Other than running on a single machine, it also supports the distributed processing frameworks Apache Hadoop, Apache Spark, and Apache Flink. It has gained much popularity and attention recently as it was the algorithm of choice for many winning teams of a number of machine learning competitions.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2016,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 362,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 10,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 49541331,
    "description": "The model and data format of XGBoost is exchangeable, which means the model trained by one language can be loaded in another. This means you can train the model using R, while running prediction using Java or C++, which are more common in production systems. You can also train the model using distributed versions, and load them in from Python to do some interactive analysis.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The model and data format of XGBoost is exchangeable, which means the model trained by one language can be loaded in another. This means you can train the model using R, while running prediction using Java or C++, which are more common in production systems. You can also train the model using distributed versions, and load them in from Python to do some interactive analysis.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The model and data format of XGBoost is exchangeable, which means the model trained by one language can be loaded in another. This means you can train the model using R, while running prediction using Java or C++, which are more common in production systems. You can also train the model using distributed versions, and load them in from Python to do some interactive analysis.",
    "fileExtensions": "model",
    "writtenIn": "cpp python cuda scala r restructuredtext bourne-shell java markdown yaml cmake dockerfile c csv xml make powershell css svg protobuf json toml m4 tex groovy javascript jupyter-notebook ini",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1830,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 39,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "reference": "https://rdrr.io/cran/xgboost/man/xgb.dump.html",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xgboost",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "arexx",
    "name": "ARexx",
    "appeared": 1987,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1323,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 22061,
    "hoplId": 8017,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1987,
    "wikipedia_related": "tex rexx",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ARexx is an implementation of the Rexx language for the Amiga, written in 1987 by William S. Hawes, with a number of Amiga-specific features beyond standard REXX facilities.  Like most REXX implementations, ARexx is an interpreted language. Programs written for ARexx are called \"scripts\", or \"macros\"; several programs offer the ability to run ARexx scripts in their main interface as macros. ARexx can easily communicate with third-party software that implements an \"ARexx port\". Any Amiga application or script can define a set of commands and functions for ARexx to address, thus making the capabilities of the software available to the scripts written in ARexx. ARexx can direct commands and functions to several applications from the same script, thus offering the opportunity to mix and match functions from the different programs. For example, an ARexx script could extract data from a database, insert the data into a spreadsheet to perform calculations on it, then insert tables and charts based on the results into a word processor document.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 23,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 139,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 139,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1858505,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 135,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 16,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "/* Alarm.rexx */        ARG event        IF event = 0 THEN EXIT    IF event = 1 THEN SAY \"Program has ended unexpectedly\"    IF event = 2 THEN SAY \"Program has finished its job\"    IF event = 3 THEN SAY \"Cannot find data in selected directory\"",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARexx",
    "bookCount": 1,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=8017",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nThe Arexx Cookbook: A Tutorial Guide To The Arexx Language On The Commodore Amiga Personal Computer||Merrill Callaway|3720368|3.00|1|0"
  },
  {
    "id": "dak",
    "name": "Dak",
    "appeared": 2022,
    "creators": "Naitik Shah",
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.daklang.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1324,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 7,
    "pldbScore": 22060,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/daaku/dak",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2022,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 4,
    "githubRepo_forks": 1,
    "githubRepo_stars": 92,
    "githubRepo_issues": 13,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2022,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 660,
    "repoStats_committers": 3,
    "repoStats_files": 85,
    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 6752,
    "webRepl": "https://www.daklang.com/tour/functions/",
    "description": "Dak is a Lisp like language that transpiles to JavaScript.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Dak is a Lisp like language that transpiles to JavaScript.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/daaku/dak/issues",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Dak is a Lisp like language that transpiles to JavaScript.",
    "writtenIn": "javascript yaml css markdown json toml svg",
    "compilesTo": "javascript",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 100,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 23,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "Dubai",
    "example": "; Functions are varied and colorful.  ; Simple function: (fn add [a b]   (+ a b)) (prn (add 40 1))  ; Async function: (fn@ add-promises [a b]   (+ @a @b)) (prn @(add-promises (Promise.resolve 40) (Promise.resolve 2)))  ; Generator function: (fn* powers [n count]   (let [current 1]     (for [i 0 count]       (yield (*= current n))))) (for-of [v (powers 2 5)]   (prn v))  ; Async generator function: (fn@* foo [a b]   (yield (inc @a))   (yield (inc @b))) (for@ [v (foo (Promise.resolve 41) (Promise.resolve -43))]   (prn v))  ; Exported function: (fn ^:export plus [a b]   (+ a b))  ; Exported default function: (fn ^:export ^:default [a b]   (- a b))  ; Declaration syntax: (fn ^:decl TheClass [a]   (set this.answer a)) (prn (TheClass. 42))  ; Explicit return is available: (fn until [a]   (while true     (if (= (++ a) 42)       (return :boom)))) (prn :returned (until 40))  ; Yield & Yield* are available: (fn* it [a]   (yield (++ a))   (yield* [(++ a) (++ a)])) (for-of [v (it 39)]   (prn \"it:\" v))",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/daaku/dak",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "newtonscript",
    "name": "NewtonScript",
    "appeared": 1993,
    "creators": "Walter Smith",
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1325,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 22060,
    "hoplId": 1278,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "n/NewtonScript.nwt",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1993,
    "wikipedia_related": "self dylan smalltalk javascript lisp lua io",
    "wikipedia_summary": "NewtonScript is a prototype-based programming language created to write programs for the Newton platform. It is heavily influenced by the Self programming language, but modified to be more suited to needs of mobile and embedded devices.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 16,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 29,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 89,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 60545,
    "lab": "Apple",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "nwt",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 100,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 16,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:NewtonScript",
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "baseview :=    {viewBounds: {left: -3, top: 71, right: 138, bottom: 137},     viewFlags: 581,     declareSelf: 'base,     _proto: protoFloatNGo,     debug: \"baseview\"    };  textview := * child of baseview *    {text: \"Hello World\",     viewBounds: {left: 33, top: 24, right: 113, bottom: 46},     viewFlags: 579,     _proto: protoStaticText,     debug: \"textview\"    }; ",
    "leachim6": "NewtonScript",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NewtonScript",
    "bookCount": 3,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1278",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nProgramming for the Newton: Software Development with Newtonscript|1994|Julie McKeehan|2172147|0.0|0|0\\nProgramming for the Newton®: Software Development with Newtonscript™||Julie McKeehan|59333740|0.0|0|0\\nPrototype-Based Programming: Prototype-Based Programming Languages, JavaScript, Self, Rebol, Newtonscript, Lua, Moo, ActionScript, Falcon|2011|Source Wikipedia|17750077|0.0|0|0"
  },
  {
    "id": "mxml",
    "name": "MXML",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
    "foundationScore": 2,
    "rank": 1326,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 22056,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 2,
    "inboundLinks": "cloc invokator",
    "primaryTag": "xmlFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "m/MXML.mxml",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "actionscript.py",
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "a/Applesoft BASIC",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1977,
    "wikipedia_related": "microsoft-basic integer-basic macbasic c scheme java chinese-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Applesoft BASIC is a dialect of Microsoft BASIC, developed by Marc McDonald and Ric Weiland,  supplied with the Apple II series of computers. It supersedes Integer BASIC and is the BASIC in ROM in all Apple II series computers after the original Apple II model. It is also referred to as FP BASIC (from \"floating point\") because of the Apple DOS command used to invoke it, instead of INT for Integer BASIC. Applesoft BASIC was supplied by Microsoft and its name is derived from the names of both Apple and Microsoft. Apple employees, including Randy Wigginton, adapted Microsoft's interpreter for the Apple II and added several features. The first version of Applesoft was released in 1977 on cassette tape and lacked proper support for high-resolution graphics. Applesoft II, which was made available on cassette and disk and in the ROM of the Apple II Plus and subsequent models, was released in 1978. It is this latter version, which has some syntax differences and support for the Apple II high-resolution graphics modes, that is usually synonymous with the term \"Applesoft.\"",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 56,
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    "lab": "Microsoft",
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    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "10 PRINT \"HELLO WORLD\" ",
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    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applesoft_BASIC",
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    "id": "speedie",
    "name": "Speedie",
    "appeared": 2022,
    "creators": "Theodore H Smith",
    "measurements": 129,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "foundationScore": 1,
    "rank": 1339,
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    "githubRepo_description": "\"General-purpose modern and clean object-oriented programming language.\"",
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    "helloWorldCollection": "main     \"Hello World!\"",
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    "hasConditionals": true,
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    "hasConstructors": true,
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    "hasDynamicProperties": false,
    "hasDynamicSizedArrays": true,
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    "hasMacros": true,
    "hasMagicGettersAndSetters": true,
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    "hasMemberVariables": true,
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    "hasOctals": false,
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    "hasPipes": true,
    "hasPointers": true,
    "hasPolymorphism": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
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    "hasRequiredMainFunction": true,
    "hasReservedWords": false,
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    "hasSingleDispatch": true,
    "hasSingleTypeArrays": true,
    "hasSourceMaps": true,
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    "hasStaticTyping": true,
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    "hasSymbolTables": true,
    "hasTemplates": false,
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    "hasThreads": false,
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    "hasUserDefinedOperators": true,
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    "hasWhileLoops": true,
    "hasZeroBasedNumbering": true,
    "isCaseSensitive": true,
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    "pypl": "spd",
    "domainName": "speedie.dev",
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  {
    "id": "cityhash-hash-function",
    "name": "cityhash-hash-function",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "hashFunction",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1340,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 22021,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/google/cityhash",
    "primaryTag": "hashFunction",
    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2011,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 43,
    "githubRepo_forks": 178,
    "githubRepo_stars": 1081,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2011,
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    "repoStats_commits": 18,
    "repoStats_committers": 4,
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    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 46055,
    "lab": "Google",
    "writtenIn": "bourne-shell m4 cpp make",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1620,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 14,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://opensource.googleblog.com/2011/04/introducing-cityhash.html",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/google/cityhash",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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    "id": "gerber-image",
    "name": "Gerber Image",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "application cad",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1341,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 22018,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "application",
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    "githubLanguage_aliases": "rs-274x",
    "githubLanguage_interpreters": "gerbv gerbview",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.gerber",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 25,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2017,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 16,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 1,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2018,
    "wikipedia_related": "ascii",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Gerber format is an open ASCII vector format for 2D binary images. It is the de facto standard used by printed circuit board (PCB) industry software to describe the printed circuit board images: copper layers, solder mask, legend, etc.Gerber is used in PCB fabrication data. PCBs are designed on a specialized electronic design automation (EDA) or a computer-aided design (CAD) system. The CAD systems output PCB fabrication data to allow fabrication of the board. This data typically contains a Gerber file for each image layer (copper layers, solder mask, legend or silk...). Gerber is also the standard image input format for all bare board fabrication equipment needing image data, such as photoplotters, legend printers, direct imagers or automated optical inspection (AOI) machines and for viewing reference images in different departments. For assembly the fabrication data contains the solder paste layers and the central locations of components to create the stencil and place and bond the components.There are two major generations of Gerber format:  Extended Gerber, or RS-274X. This is the current Gerber format. In 2014, the graphics format was extended with the option to add meta-information to the graphics objects. Files with attributes are called X2 files, without X1 files. Standard Gerber, or RS-274-D. This obsolete format was revoked.The standard file extension is .GBR or .gbr though other extensions are also used.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 276,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 179,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 744,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 727659,
    "lab": "Ucamco",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "gbr cmp gbl gbo gbp gbs gko gml gpb gpt gtl gto gtp gts ncl sol",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1600,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Belgium",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "G04 #@! TF.FileFunction,Paste,Top* %FSLAX46Y46*% G04 Gerber Fmt 4.6, Leading zero omitted, Abs format (unit mm)* G04 Created by KiCad (PCBNEW (2016-07-14 BZR 6980)-product) date Sunday, 23 April 2017 'PMt' 23:49:01* %MOMM*% %LPD*% G01* G04 APERTURE LIST* %ADD10C,0.150000*% G04 APERTURE END LIST* D10* M02* ",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerber_format",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/Alhadis/language-pcb",
    "githubLanguage": "Gerber Image"
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    "id": "genius-extension-language",
    "name": "GEL Genius",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.jirka.org/genius.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1342,
    "exampleCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 22017,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "aka": "GEL",
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    "wikipedia_related": "linux matlab octave mathematica maple chapel fortress julia maxima r sagemath scilab x10 labview mathcad mathematica-editor speakeasy vissim",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Genius  (also known as the Genius Math Tool) is a free open-source numerical computing environment and programming language, similar in some aspects to MATLAB, GNU Octave, Mathematica and Maple.  Genius is aimed at mathematical experimentation rather than computationally intensive tasks.  It is also very useful as just a calculator.  The programming language is called GEL and aims to have a mathematically friendly syntax.  The software comes with a command-line interface and a GUI, which uses the GTK+ libraries.  The graphical version supports both 2D and 3D plotting.  The graphical version includes a set of tutorials originally aimed at in class demonstrations.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 14,
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    "lab": "GNOME Foundation",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 91,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 15,
    "fileType": "text",
    "quineRelay": "GEL (Genius)",
    "ubuntuPackage": "genius",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "function f(x) = (  if x <= 1 then    1  else    (f(x-1)*x) )",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/gel",
    "rijuRepl_example": "print(\"Hello, world!\") ",
    "wikipedia_example": "function f(x) = (   if x <= 1 then     1   else     (f(x-1)*x) )",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genius_(mathematics_software)",
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    "id": "toffeescript",
    "name": "ToffeeScript",
    "appeared": 2013,
    "creators": "Miao Jiang",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://github.com/jiangmiao/toffeescript",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "1.6.3-5",
    "rank": 1343,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 22016,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/jiangmiao/toffeescript",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2011,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 11,
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    "githubRepo_issues": 5,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2009,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2018,
    "repoStats_commits": 5147,
    "repoStats_committers": 142,
    "repoStats_files": 246,
    "repoStats_mb": 27,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 59490,
    "fileExtensions": "toffee",
    "writtenIn": "coffeescript javascript html css markdown erb ruby json",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 290,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 21,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 1,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "China",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/jiangmiao/toffeescript",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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    "id": "lawvere",
    "name": "Lawvere",
    "appeared": 2021,
    "creators": "James Henri Haydon",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1344,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 22011,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/jameshaydon/lawvere",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2020,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2020,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 13,
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    "githubRepo_issues": 9,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2020,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2023,
    "repoStats_commits": 99,
    "repoStats_committers": 5,
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    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 6126,
    "description": "Lawvere - a categorical programming language with effects",
    "githubRepo_description": "Lawvere - a categorical programming language with effects",
    "lab": "https://github.com/jameshaydon/lawvere/issues",
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    "writtenIn": "haskell nix markdown yaml javascript bourne-shell lisp json toml xml",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 289,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "Japan",
    "reference": "https://reddit.com/r/ProgrammingLanguages/comments/lls7q9/lawvere_a_categorical_programming_language_with/",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/jameshaydon/lawvere",
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    "id": "amos",
    "name": "AMOS",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1345,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 22011,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "a/Amos",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1990,
    "wikipedia_related": "stos-basic basic blitzbasic arexx",
    "wikipedia_summary": "AMOS BASIC is a dialect of the BASIC programming language implemented on the Amiga computer. AMOS BASIC was published by Europress Software and originally written by François Lionet with Constantin Sotiropoulos.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 34,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 115,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 157,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 2957,
    "lab": "Europress",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 190,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 15,
    "fileType": "text",
    "leachim6_example": "Print \"Hello World\" ",
    "leachim6": "Amos",
    "printToken": "Print",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMOS_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "amiga-e",
    "name": "Amiga E",
    "appeared": 1993,
    "creators": "Wouter Van Oortmerssen",
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1346,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 22009,
    "hoplId": 1817,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "a/Amiga-E.amiga-e",
    "aka": "E",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1993,
    "wikipedia_related": "e c",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Amiga E, or very often simply E, is a programming language created by Wouter van Oortmerssen on the Amiga. He has since moved on to develop the SHEEP programming language for the new AmigaDE platform and the CryScript language (also known as DOG) used during the development of the video game Far Cry.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 14,
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    "lab": "Amiga",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 90,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 16,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "visualParadigm": false,
    "fileType": "text",
    "leachim6_example": "PROC main() IS WriteF('Hello World\\n') ",
    "leachim6": "Amiga-E",
    "printToken": "WriteF",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiga_E",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1817"
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  {
    "id": "dxf",
    "name": "DXF",
    "appeared": 1982,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "3d cad",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1347,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 22006,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "3d",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Drawing Exchange Format",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1982,
    "wikipedia_related": "autocad-app dwg ascii",
    "wikipedia_summary": "AutoCAD DXF (Drawing Interchange Format, or Drawing Exchange Format) is a CAD data file format developed by Autodesk for enabling data interoperability between AutoCAD and other programs. DXF was originally introduced in December 1982 as part of AutoCAD 1.0, and was intended to provide an exact representation of the data in the AutoCAD native file format, DWG (Drawing), for which Autodesk for many years did not publish specifications. Because of this, correct imports of DXF files have been difficult. Autodesk now publishes the DXF specifications as a PDF on its website. Versions of AutoCAD from Release 10 (October 1988) and up support both ASCII and binary forms of DXF.  Earlier versions support only ASCII. As AutoCAD has become more powerful, supporting more complex object types, DXF has become less useful. Certain object types, including ACIS solids and regions, are not documented. Other object types, including AutoCAD 2006's dynamic blocks, and all of the objects specific to the vertical market versions of AutoCAD, are partially documented, but not well enough to allow other developers to support them. For these reasons many CAD applications use the DWG format which can be licensed from Autodesk or non-natively from the Open Design Alliance. DXF coordinates are always without dimensions so that the reader or user needs to know the drawing unit or has to extract it from the textual comments in the sheets.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 307,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 274,
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    "description": "DXF (Drawing Exchange Format) is a CAD data file format developed by Autodesk for enabling data interoperability between AutoCAD and other programs. It is used to represent 2D and 3D drawings, including geometric and non-geometric data, in a structured text or binary format.",
    "githubRepo_description": "DXF (Drawing Exchange Format) is a CAD data file format developed by Autodesk for enabling data interoperability between AutoCAD and other programs. It is used to represent 2D and 3D drawings, including geometric and non-geometric data, in a structured text or binary format.",
    "lab": "Autodesk",
    "rijuRepl_description": "DXF (Drawing Exchange Format) is a CAD data file format developed by Autodesk for enabling data interoperability between AutoCAD and other programs. It is used to represent 2D and 3D drawings, including geometric and non-geometric data, in a structured text or binary format.",
    "fileExtensions": "dxf",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1555,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AutoCAD_DXF",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "micro-mitten",
    "name": "micro-mitten",
    "appeared": 2020,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://mitten-lang.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1348,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 5,
    "pldbScore": 22005,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/doctorn/micro-mitten",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2020,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2020,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 18,
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    "standsFor": "Keyhole Markup Language",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Keyhole Markup Language (KML) is an XML notation for expressing geographic annotation and visualization within Internet-based, two-dimensional maps and three-dimensional Earth browsers. KML was developed for use with Google Earth, which was originally named Keyhole Earth Viewer. It was created by Keyhole, Inc, which was acquired by Google in 2004. KML became an international standard of the Open Geospatial Consortium in 2008. Google Earth was the first program able to view and graphically edit KML files. Other projects such as Marble have also started to develop KML support.",
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    "id": "ren-c",
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    "id": "information-processing-language",
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    "creators": "Allen Newell and Cliff Shaw and Herbert A. Simon",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "id": "clarity",
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    "tags": "contractLanguage",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "ProvideX is a computer language and development environment derived from Business Basic (a business oriented derivative of BASIC) in the mid-1980s. ProvideX is available on several operating systems (Unix/Linux/Windows/Mac OS X) and includes not only the programming language but also file system, presentation layer interface, and other components.  The language is primarily designed for use in the development of business applications. Over the years since its inception and as the computer industry has changed, ProvideX has added functionality such as a graphical interface, client-server capabilities, access to external databases, web services, and, more recently, object-oriented programming capabilities. On October 8, 2010, PVX Plus Technologies announced that it has assumed all ongoing sales, development, and support of the ProvideX product line for Independent Software Vendors.  This brings the development of the language back under control of the original creator, Mike King and is the end result of almost 2 years of negotiations between Sage, EDIAS, and PVX Plus Technologies.",
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    "id": "google-sheets-app",
    "name": "Google Sheets",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Google Sheets is a spreadsheet program included as part of a free, web-based software office suite offered by Google within its Google Drive service. The service also includes Google Docs and Google Slides , a word processor and presentation program respectively. Google Sheets is available as a web application, mobile app for Android, iOS, Windows, BlackBerry, and as a desktop application on Google's ChromeOS. The app is compatible with Microsoft Excel file formats. The app allows users to create and edit files online while collaborating with other users in real-time. Edits are tracked by user with a revision history presenting changes. An editor's position is highlighted with an editor-specific color and cursor and a permissions system regulates what users can do. Updates have introduced features using machine learning, including \"Explore\", offering answers based on natural language questions in a spreadsheet.",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "eclipse-editor",
    "name": "Eclipse",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "editor",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1377,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Eclipse is an integrated development environment (IDE) used in computer programming, and is the most widely used Java IDE. It contains a base workspace and an extensible plug-in system for customizing the environment. Eclipse is written mostly in Java and its primary use is for developing Java applications, but it may also be used to develop applications in other programming languages via plug-ins, including Ada, ABAP, C, C++, C#, COBOL, D, Fortran, Haskell, JavaScript, Julia, Lasso, Lua,  NATURAL, Perl, PHP, Prolog, Python, R, Ruby (including Ruby on Rails framework), Rust, Scala, Clojure, Groovy, Scheme, and Erlang. It can also be used to develop documents with LaTeX (via a TeXlipse plug-in) and packages for the software Mathematica. Development environments include the Eclipse Java development tools (JDT) for Java and Scala, Eclipse CDT for C/C++, and Eclipse PDT for PHP, among others. The initial codebase originated from IBM VisualAge. The Eclipse software development kit (SDK), which includes the Java development tools, is meant for Java developers. Users can extend its abilities by installing plug-ins written for the Eclipse Platform, such as development toolkits for other programming languages, and can write and contribute their own plug-in modules. Since the introduction of the OSGi implementation (Equinox) in version 3 of Eclipse, plug-ins can be plugged-stopped dynamically and are termed (OSGI) bundlesEclipse software development kit (SDK) is free and open-source software, released under the terms of the Eclipse Public License, although it is incompatible with the GNU General Public License. It was one of the first IDEs to run under GNU Classpath and it runs without problems under IcedTea.",
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    "fileType": "na",
    "country": "Canada",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eclipse_(software)",
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    "id": "topshell",
    "name": "topshell",
    "appeared": 2018,
    "creators": "Joakim Ahnfelt-Rønne",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://show.ahnfelt.net/topshell/",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/topshell-language/topshell",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2018,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2018,
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    "id": "ecsharp",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://ecsharp.net/",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/qwertie/ecsharp",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2008,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
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    "id": "yoix",
    "name": "Yoix",
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    "creators": "Rich Drechsler and John Mocenigo",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://winxed.net/",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/NotFound/winxed",
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    "example": "#! winxed # (C) 2010 Julián Albo /* = head1 NAME setup.winxed - Python distutils style =head1 DESCRIPTION Just some testing, not intended for real usage yet. =head1 USAGE Handle with care. See DESCRIPTION. =cut */ $load 'Getopt/Obj.pbc'; //********************************************************************** // Json file read. function loadData(string filename) {     var json = load_language('data_json');     var file = open(filename);     if (file == null || file.is_closed())         throw Error(\"Can't open \" + filename);     file.encoding('utf8');     string jsondata = file.readall();     file.close();     var code = json.compile(jsondata);     return code(); } //********************************************************************** function main(argv) {     // Parse command line.     var getopts = new ['Getopt','Obj'];     getopts.notOptStop(1);     getopts.push_string('file=s');     getopts.push_string('v');     string progname = argv.shift();     var opts = getopts.get_options(argv);     int verbose = opts['v'] != null;     var file = opts['file'];     // Get setup data from json file specified in command line     // or default value.     string filename = 'setup.json';     if (file != null)         filename = file;     var data = loadData(filename);     if (verbose) {         string description = data['description'];  say(\"\\tFile: \", filename);  say(\"\\tName: \", data['name']);         say(\"\\tDescription: \", description);  say(\"\\t(C) \", data['copyright_holder']);  say();     }     using extern distutils;     setup(argv:[flat], data:[flat,named]); } // End",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/NotFound/winxed",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "hasComments": true,
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    "measurements": 10,
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    "website": "https://www.odata.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "domainName_registered": 2009,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "In computing, Open Data Protocol (OData) is an open  protocol which allows the creation and consumption of queryable and interoperable RESTful  APIs in a simple and standard way. Microsoft initiated OData in 2007. Versions 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 are released under the Microsoft Open Specification Promise. Version 4.0 was standardized at OASIS, with a release in March 2014. In April 2015 OASIS submitted OData v4 and OData JSON Format v4 to ISO/IEC JTC 1 for approval as an international standard.The protocol enables the creation and consumption of  REST APIs, which allow  Web clients to publish and edit resources, identified using URLs and defined in a data model, using simple HTTP messages. OData shares some similarities with JDBC and with ODBC; like ODBC, OData is not limited to relational databases.",
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    "domainName": "odata.org"
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    "name": "Quaint",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/breuleux/quaint",
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    "description": "Quaint is a markup language that you can use to write documents. It is similar to Markdown, but it is more powerful and more extensible.",
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    "name": "ToonTalk",
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    "creators": "Ken Kahn",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.toontalk.com/",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "ToonTalk is a computer programming system intended to be programmed by children.  The \"Toon\" part stands for cartoon.  The system's presentation is in the form of animated characters, including robots that can be trained by example. It is one of the few successful implementations outside academia of the concurrent constraint logic programming paradigm. It was created by Kenneth M. Kahn in 1995, and implemented as part of the ToonTalk IDE, a software package distributed worldwide between 1996 and 2009. Since 2009, its specification is scholarly published and its implementation is freely available. Beginning 2014 a JavaScript HTML5 version of ToonTalk called ToonTalk Reborn for the Web has been available. It runs on any modern web browser and differs from the desktop version of ToonTalk in a few ways. ToonTalk programs can run on any DOM element and various browser capabilities (audio, video, style sheets, speech input and output, and browser events) are available to ToonTalk programs. Web services such as Google Drive are integrated. ToonTalk Reborn is free and open source. Beyond its life as a commercial product, ToonTalk evolved via significant academic use in various research projects, notably at the London Knowledge Lab and the Institute of Education - projects Playground and WebLabs, which involved research partners from Cambridge (Logotron), Portugal (Cnotinfor and the University of Lisbon), Sweden (Royal Institute of Technology), Slovakia (Comenius University), Bulgaria (Sofia University), Cyprus (University of Cyprus), and Italy (Institute for Educational Technology of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche). It was also source of academic interest in Sweden, where Mikael Kindborg proposed a static representation of ToonTalk programs and in Portugal, where Leonel Morgado studied its potential to enable computer programming by preliterate children.ToonTalk was influenced by the Janus computer programming language and the Actor model.  The main communication abstraction in ToonTalk is the bird/nest pair.  When you (the programmer or a robot) give a thing to a bird, she flies to her nest and puts the thing in it, then returns.  If one or more things already occupy the nest, the bird puts the new one underneath the others. A ToonTalk program is a sequence of rules, where each rule has a head and a tail.  The head is a pattern that can be matched against the argument, which must be a tuple.  In ToonTalk's presentation, a rule appears as a robot, a program as a team of robots, and a tuple as a box that can have any number of holes or compartments in which things may be placed.  The alphabet of things includes number pads, text pads, other boxes, robot teams, birds, nests, and things from some other categories.  A process consists of a box with a team of robots working on it.  If none of the patterns matches the box, the process suspends.  Otherwise, the first rule that matches, fires.  The end of the tail of the rule can either destroy the process, or continue it with the same team.  In case the pattern calls for something other than an empty nest where an empty nest is present, the process suspends until some bird should place something on the nest (usually as a result of the actions of other processes).  A nest with something on it matches the pattern as though the nest were not there, just the (top) something.  The actions in the tail also manipulate the something rather than the whole nest.  Consequently, a nest can be used to program a future. ToonTalk can be given an imperative reading or a declarative reading.  If we ignore certain constructs designed to facilitate I/O, we can see ToonTalk as not having any shared access to mutable memory.  The bird/nest mechanism resembles the communication in the Actor model, but with the additional power to be able to pass nests around and for a process to hold more than one nest (which is also true in Janus).  A difference between communication in the Actor model and in ToonTalk is that ToonTalk preserves the order of the messages; however, ToonTalk can also provide an indeterministic merge of message streams.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "MMX is a single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) instruction set designed by Intel, introduced in 1997 with its P5-based Pentium line of microprocessors, designated as \"Pentium with MMX Technology\". It developed out of a similar unit introduced on the Intel i860, and earlier the Intel i750 video pixel processor. MMX is a processor supplementary capability that is supported on recent IA-32 processors by Intel and other vendors. MMX has subsequently been extended by several programs by Intel and others: 3DNow!, Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE), and ongoing revisions of Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX).",
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    "name": "carth",
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    "creators": "Johan Johansson",
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    "id": "salsa",
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    "standsFor": "Simple Actor Language System and Architecture",
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    "helloWorldCollection": "         R Hello world in MAD  PRINT FORMAT HELLOW VECTOR VALUES HELLOW=$13h0Hello, world*$ END OF PROGRAM",
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    "id": "prograph",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Prograph is a visual, object-oriented, dataflow, multiparadigm programming language that uses iconic symbols to represent actions to be taken on data. Commercial Prograph software development environments such as Prograph Classic and Prograph CPX were available for the Apple Macintosh and Windows platforms for many years but were eventually withdrawn from the market in the late 1990s. Support for the Prograph language on macOS has recently reappeared with the release of the Marten software development environment.",
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    "name": "ELFE",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "creators": "Christophe de Dinechin",
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    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1432,
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    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2003,
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    "description": "ELFE is a very simple and small programming language specifcally designed for everyday programming, notably for the Internet of Things.",
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "France",
    "example": "invoke \"sensor.corp.net\",     last_temperature := temperature     every 1s,         check_temperature temperature     check_temperature T:real ->         writeln \"Measuring temperature \", T, \" from process \", process_id         if abs(T - last_temperature) >= 1.0 then             reply                 temperature_changed T, last_temperature         last_temperature := T temperature_changed new_temp, last_temp ->     writeln \"Temperature changed from \", last_temp, \" to \", new_temp",
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    "id": "flow-matic",
    "name": "FLOW-MATIC",
    "appeared": 1955,
    "creators": "Grace Hopper",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1433,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1955,
    "wikipedia_related": "arith-matic math-matic cobol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "FLOW-MATIC, originally known as B-0 (Business Language version 0), was the first English-like data processing language. It was developed for the UNIVAC I at Remington Rand under Grace Hopper during the period from 1955 until 1959. It had a strong influence on the development of COBOL.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 81,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 32,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 82760,
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    "description": "A macro-based PEG parser generator for Scala 2.10+",
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    "name": "Smile data interchange format",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Smile is a computer data interchange format based on JSON. It can also be considered a binary serialization of the generic JSON data model, which means tools that operate on JSON may be used with Smile as well, as long as a proper encoder/decoder exists for the tool. The name comes from first 2 bytes of the 4 byte header, which consist of Smiley \":)\" followed by a linefeed: choice made to make it easier to recognize Smile-encoded data files using textual command-line tools.",
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    "description": "A consistent markup language",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Czech Republic",
    "example": "[section HTML;   [p     HTML is such an [it ugly] language!     Each [code html; <tag>] has to be repeated twice.   ] ] [section [LaTeX];   [p     [LaTeX] is great for writing math formulas like [$ e^{\\tau i} = 1],     but it's painful to write with all those [code latex; \\begin], [code latex; \\end]     and different syntaxes for different things.   ] ]",
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    "description": "DataWeave is the MuleSoft expression language for accessing and transforming data received through a Mule app. DataWeave is tightly integrated with Mule runtime, which runs the scripts and expressions in your Mule app.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Argentina",
    "reference": "https://docs.mulesoft.com/mule-runtime/4.1/dataweave",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "%dw 2.0 var number = 1234 fun foo(func,name=\"Mariano\") = func(name) input payload application/test arg=\"value\" output application/json --- {   foo: \"bar\" }",
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    "lab": "Arch Linux",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 1680,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/desktop_entries#File_example",
    "example": "[Desktop Entry]  # The type as listed above Type=Application  # The version of the desktop entry specification to which this file complies Version=1.0  # The name of the application Name=jMemorize  # A comment which can/will be used as a tooltip Comment=Flash card based learning tool  # The path to the folder in which the executable is run Path=/opt/jmemorise  # The executable of the application, possibly with arguments. Exec=jmemorize  # The name of the icon that will be used to display this entry Icon=jmemorize  # Describes whether this application needs to be run in a terminal or not Terminal=false  # Describes the categories in which this entry should be shown Categories=Education;Languages;Java;",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/apa.html  [Desktop Entry] Version=1.0 Type=Application Name=Foo Viewer Comment=The best viewer for Foo objects available! TryExec=fooview Exec=fooview %F Icon=fooview MimeType=image/x-foo; Actions=Gallery;Create;  [Desktop Action Gallery] Exec=fooview --gallery Name=Browse Gallery  [Desktop Action Create] Exec=fooview --create-new Name=Create a new Foo! Icon=fooview-new",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/Mailaender/desktop.tmbundle.git",
    "githubLanguage": "desktop"
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  {
    "id": "literate-haskell",
    "name": "Literate Haskell",
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    "githubLanguage_group": "Haskell",
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    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "haskell-literate",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "haskell.py",
    "description": "Haskell is one of the few languages that provides native features to support literate programming. In haskell, a literate program is one with the suffix .lhs rather than .hs. In a literate Haskell program, there are two ways to distinguish between code and non-code portions. You can either prepend all code with a > , (bird style) or surround lines of code with \\begin{code} and \\end{code} pairs (latex style). For those who know, use and love latex, the latter is the suggested way to go.",
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    "lab": "https://www.haskell.org/community/",
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    "reference": "https://www.haskell.org/onlinereport/literate.html",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/atom-haskell/language-haskell",
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    "id": "opentype-feature-file",
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    "githubLanguage_aliases": "AFDKO",
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    "description": "An OpenType feature file is a text file that contains the typographic layout feature specifications for an OpenType font in an easy-to-read format. It may also contain override values for certain fields in the font tables. It is read in during the creation or editing of an OpenType font.",
    "githubRepo_description": "An OpenType feature file is a text file that contains the typographic layout feature specifications for an OpenType font in an easy-to-read format. It may also contain override values for certain fields in the font tables. It is read in during the creation or editing of an OpenType font.",
    "lab": "Microsoft && Adobe",
    "rijuRepl_description": "An OpenType feature file is a text file that contains the typographic layout feature specifications for an OpenType font in an easy-to-read format. It may also contain override values for certain fields in the font tables. It is read in during the creation or editing of an OpenType font.",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "fea",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenType",
    "example": "# Script and language coverage languagesystem DFLT dflt; languagesystem latn dflt;  # Ligature formation feature liga {      substitute f i by f_i;      substitute f l by f_l; } liga;  # Kerning feature kern {      position A Y -100;      position a y -80;      position s f' <0 0 10 0> t; } kern;",
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  {
    "id": "runoff",
    "name": "RUNOFF",
    "appeared": 1965,
    "creators": "J. E. Saltzer",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "textMarkup",
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    "lab": "MIT",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": ".na .ll 72 .pl 90 .m1 4 .m2 4 .m3 6 .m4 6 .sp 8 .ds .ce CONTRIBUTING TO LINGUIST .sp .ce by .ce GITHUB .sp .ce and the .sp .ce OPEN SOURCE COMMUNITY .sp .bp .sp 5 .ce _\bI_\bN_\bT_\bR_\bO_\bD_\bU_\bC_\bT_\bI_\bO_\bN: .sp      Hi there! We're thrilled that you'd like to contribute to this project. Your help is  essential for keeping it great. This project adheres to the Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct. By participating, you are expected to uphold this code. .br The majority of contributions won't need to touch any Ruby code at all. .sp 5 .ce _\bA_\bd_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg _\ba_\bn _\be_\bx_\bt_\be_\bn_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bt_\bo _\ba _\bl_\ba_\bn_\bg_\bu_\ba_\bg_\be .sp      We try only to add new extensions once they have some usage on GitHub. In most cases we prefer that extensions be in use in hundreds of repositories before supporting them in Linguist. .sp To add support for a new extension: .sp .in 5 .un 5 1.   Add your extension to the language entry in _\bl_\ba_\bn_\bg_\bu_\ba_\bg_\be_\bs_\b._\by_\bm_\bl, keeping the extensions in alphabetical order. .br .un 5 2.   Add at least one sample for your extension to the samples directory in the correct subdirectory. .br .un 5 3.   Open a pull request, linking to a GitHub search result showing in-the-wild usage. .in 0 .sp In addition, if this extension is already listed in _\bl_\ba_\bn_\bg_\bu_\ba_\bg_\be_\bs_\b._\by_\bm_\bl then sometimes a few more steps will need to be taken: .sp .in 5 .un 5 1.   Make sure that example .yourextension files are present in the samples directory for each language that uses .yourextension. .br .un 5 2.   Test the performance of the Bayesian classifier with a relatively large number (1000s) of sample .yourextension files. (ping @arfon or @bkeepers to help with this) to ensure we're not misclassifying files. .br .un 5 3.   If the Bayesian classifier does a bad job with the sample files then a heuristic may need to be written to help. .in 0 .sp 5 .ce _\bA_\bd_\bd_\bi_\bn_\bg _\ba _\bl_\ba_\bn_\bg_\bu_\ba_\bg_\be .sp      We try only to add languages once they have some usage on GitHub. In most cases we prefer that each new extension be in use in hundreds of repositories before supporting them in Linguist. .sp To add support for a new language: .in 5 .un 5 1.   Add an entry for your language to _\bl_\ba_\bn_\bg_\bu_\ba_\bg_\be_\bs_\b._\by_\bm_\bl. .br .un 5 2.   Add a grammar for your language. Please only add grammars that have a license that permits redistribution. .br .in +5 .un 5 i.   Add your grammar as a submodule: .br .in +4 git submodule add https://github.com/Alhadis/language-roff vendor/grammars/language-roff .in -4 .un 5 ii.  Add your grammar to grammars.yml: .br .in +4 script/convert-grammars --add vendor/grammars/MyGrammar .in -4 .un 5 iii. Download the license for the grammar by running script/licensed. Be careful to only commit the file for the new grammar, as this script may update licenses for other grammars as well. .br .in -5 .un 5 3.   Add samples for your language to the samples directory in the correct subdirectory. .br .un 5 4.   Open a pull request, linking to a GitHub search result showing in-the-wild usage. .br .in 0 .sp In addition, if your new language defines an extension that's already listed in _\bl_\ba_\bn_\bg_\bu_\ba_\bg_\be_\bs_\b._\by_\bm_\bl (such as `.foo`) then sometimes a few more steps will need to be taken: .sp .in +5 .un 5 1.   Make sure that example .foo files are present in the samples directory for each language that uses .foo. .br .un 5 2.   Test the performance of the Bayesian classifier with a relatively large number (1000s) of sample `.foo` files. (ping @arfon or @bkeepers to help with this) to ensure we're not misclassifying files. .br .un 5 3.   If the Bayesian classifier does a bad job with the sample .foo files then a heuristic may need to be written to help. .br .in 0 .sp Remember, the goal here is to try and avoid false positives! .sp 2 .ce _\bF_\bi_\bx_\bi_\bn_\bg _\ba _\bm_\bi_\bs_\bc_\bl_\ba_\bs_\bs_\bi_\bf_\bi_\be_\bd _\bl_\ba_\bn_\bg_\bu_\ba_\bg_\be .br      Most languages are detected by their file extension defined in _\bl_\ba_\bn_\bg_\bu_\ba_\bg_\be_\bs_\b._\by_\bm_\bl.  For disambiguating between files with common extensions, linguist applies some heuristics and a statistical classifier.   This process can help differentiate between, for example, .h files which could be either C, C++, or Obj-C. .sp      Misclassifications can often be solved by either adding a new filename or extension for the language or adding more samples to make the classifier smarter. .sp .m4 -2 .ce _\bF_\bi_\bx_\bi_\bn_\bg _\bs_\by_\bn_\bt_\ba_\bx _\bh_\bi_\bg_\bh_\bl_\bi_\bg_\bh_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg .br      Syntax highlighting in GitHub is performed using TextMate-compatible grammars. These are the same grammars that TextMate, Sublime Text and Atom use. Every language in languages.yml is mapped to its corresponding TM `scope`. This scope will be used when picking up a grammar for highlighting. .sp      Assuming your code is being detected as the right language, in most cases this is due to a bug in the language grammar rather than a bug in Linguist. _\bg_\br_\ba_\bm_\bm_\ba_\br_\bs_\b._\by_\bm_\bl lists all the grammars we use for syntax highlighting on github.com. Find the one corresponding to your code's programming language and submit a bug report upstream. .sp If you can, try to reproduce the highlighting problem in the text editor that the grammar is designed for (TextMate, Sublime Text, or Atom) and include that information in your bug report. .sp      You can also try to fix the bug yourself and submit a Pull Request. TextMate's documentation offers a good introduction on how to work with TextMate-compatible grammars. You can test grammars using Lightshow. .sp      Once the bug has been fixed upstream, we'll pick it up for GitHub in the next release of Linguist. .sp 2 .ce _\bT_\be_\bs_\bt_\bi_\bn_\bg .br      For development you are going to want to checkout out the source. To get it, clone the repo and run Bundler to install its dependencies. .sp .in 4 git clone https://github.com/github/linguist.git .br cd linguist/ .br script/bootstrap .br .in 0 .sp To run the tests: .sp .in 4     bundle exec rake test .in 0 .sp     Sometimes getting the tests running can be too much work, especially if you don't have much Ruby experience.  It's okay:  be lazy and let our build bot Travis run the tests for you. Just open a pull request and the bot will start cranking away. .sp .ce _\bM_\ba_\bi_\bn_\bt_\ba_\bi_\bn_\be_\br_\bs .br Linguist is maintained with love by: .sp .in -2 - @arfon (GitHub Staff) .br - @larsbrinkhoff .br - @pchaigno .in 0 .br .sp As Linguist is a production dependency for GitHub we have a couple of workflow restrictions: .sp .in -2 - Anyone with commit rights can merge Pull Requests provided that there is a :+1: from a GitHub member of staff .br - Releases are performed by GitHub staff so we can ensure GitHub.com always stays up to date with the latest release of Linguist and there are no regressions in production. .in 0 .sp .ce _\bR_\be_\bl_\be_\ba_\bs_\bi_\bn_\bg .sp If you are the current maintainer of this gem: .sp .in 5 .ul 5 1.   Create a branch for the release: .sp .in +2 git checkout -b cut-release-vxx.xx.xx .in -2 .sp .ul 5 2.   Make sure your local dependencies are up to date: .sp .in +2 script/bootstrap .in -2 .sp .ul 5 3.   If grammar submodules have not been updated recently, update them: .sp .in +2 git submodule update --remote _&_& git commit -a .in -2 .sp .ul 5 4.   Ensure that samples are updated: .sp .in +2 bundle exec rake samples .in -2 .sp 5.   Ensure that tests are green: .sp .in +2 bundle exec rake test .in -2 .sp .ul 5 6.   Bump gem version in lib/linguist/version.rb .br .ul 5 7.   Make a PR to github/linguist .br .ul 5 8.   Build a local gem: `bundle exec rake build_gem` .br .ul 5 9.   Test the gem: .sp .in +5 .un 5 i.   Bump the Gemfile and Gemfile.lock versions for an app which relies on this gem .un 5 ii.  Install the new gem locally .un 5 iii. Test behaviour locally, branch deploy, whatever needs to happen. .br .in -5 .sp .ul 5 10. Merge github/linguist PR .sp .ul 5 11. Tag and push: .sp .in +2 git tag vx.xx.xx; .br git push --tags .in -2 .sp 12. Push to rubygems.org .br .in +2 gem push github-linguist-3.0.0.gem .in -2 .sp 2 ",
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    "standsFor": "Universal Configuration Grammar",
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    "description": "UCG is a universal grammar for configuration. UCG's goal is not to define a configuration format like JSON, YAML, or TOML. It is not intended to replace the other serialization formats. Instead it is intended to provide a common grammar for generating those formats.",
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    "description": "Serpent is an assembly language that compiles to EVM code that is extended with various high-level features.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Serpent is an assembly language that compiles to EVM code that is extended with various high-level features.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Serpent is an assembly language that compiles to EVM code that is extended with various high-level features.",
    "fileExtensions": "se",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 713,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "example": "data campaigns[2^80](recipient, goal, deadline, contrib_total, contrib_count, contribs[2^50](sender, value))  def create_campaign(id, recipient, goal, timelimit):     if self.campaigns[id].recipient:         return(0)     self.campaigns[id].recipient = recipient     self.campaigns[id].goal = goal     self.campaigns[id].deadline = block.timestamp + timelimit  def contribute(id):     # Update contribution total     total_contributed = self.campaigns[id].contrib_total + msg.value     self.campaigns[id].contrib_total = total_contributed      # Record new contribution     sub_index = self.campaigns[id].contrib_count     self.campaigns[id].contribs[sub_index].sender = msg.sender     self.campaigns[id].contribs[sub_index].value = msg.value     self.campaigns[id].contrib_count = sub_index + 1      # Enough funding?     if total_contributed >= self.campaigns[id].goal:         send(self.campaigns[id].recipient, total_contributed)         self.clear(id)         return(1)      # Expired?     if block.timestamp > self.campaigns[id].deadline:         i = 0         c = self.campaigns[id].contrib_count         while i < c:             send(self.campaigns[id].contribs[i].sender, self.campaigns[id].contribs[i].value)             i += 1         self.clear(id)         return(2)  def progress_report(id):     return(self.campaigns[id].contrib_total)  # Clearing function for internal use def clear(id):     if self == msg.sender:         self.campaigns[id].recipient = 0         self.campaigns[id].goal = 0         self.campaigns[id].deadline = 0         c = self.campaigns[id].contrib_count         self.campaigns[id].contrib_count = 0         self.campaigns[id].contrib_total = 0         i = 0         while i < c:             self.campaigns[id].contribs[i].sender = 0             self.campaigns[id].contribs[i].value = 0             i += 1",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/ethereum/serpent",
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    "id": "yeti",
    "name": "yeti",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://mth.github.io/yeti/",
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    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "webRepl": "http://try-yeti.appspot.com/",
    "writtenIn": "java restructuredtext bourne-shell xml vim-script gradle make lisp css c tex diff",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 304,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
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    "id": "informix",
    "name": "IBM Informix-4GL",
    "appeared": 1985,
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    "wikipedia_related": "java",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Informix-4GL is a 4GL programming language developed by Informix during the mid-1980s.",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/informix",
    "example": "SELECT UNIQUE city, state, zipcode, sname FROM customer, state WHERE customer.state = state.code",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Informix-4GL",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=3472",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nAdvanced Informix-4gl Programming|1995|Art Taylor|4510392|0.0|0|0\\nBuilding Datablades for Informix Universal Server [With Contains Informix Datablades Developer's Kit]||Michael Keeler|20855954|0.0|0|0"
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    "id": "comtran",
    "name": "COMTRAN",
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    "wikipedia_related": "flow-matic cobol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "COMTRAN (COMmercial TRANslator) is an early programming language developed at IBM.  It was intended as the business programming equivalent of the scientific programming language FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslator).  It served as one of the forerunners to the COBOL language. Developed by Bob Bemer, in 1957, the language was the first to feature the programming language element known as a picture clause.",
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    "id": "jeebox",
    "name": "jeebox",
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    "creators": "Theodore H. Smith",
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://jeebox.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "1.2.3",
    "rank": 1512,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 21695,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "speedie",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/gamblevore/jeebox",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2019,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2019,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 3,
    "githubRepo_forks": 2,
    "githubRepo_stars": 9,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "Speedie",
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    "lab": "https://www.reddit.com/r/jeebox/",
    "writtenIn": "cpp cmake markdown yaml",
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    "demoVideo": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5gcKSCUKCRE",
    "country": "Unknown",
    "example": "You can %describe (anything, in: Jeebox)",
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    "id": "x86-64-isa",
    "name": "x86-64",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "isa",
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    "rank": 1513,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "b3-ir",
    "primaryTag": "isa",
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    "aka": "amd64 x86_64",
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    "wikipedia_related": "x86-isa mips sparc ia-32 freebsd linux opengl powerpc solaris visual-studio-editor",
    "wikipedia_summary": "x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64 and Intel 64) is the 64-bit version of the x86 instruction set. It introduces two new modes of operation, 64-bit mode and compatibility mode, along with a new 4-level paging mode. With 64-bit mode and the new paging mode, it supports vastly larger amounts of virtual memory and physical memory than is possible on its 32-bit predecessors, allowing programs to store larger amounts of data in memory. x86-64 also expands general-purpose registers to 64-bit, as well extends the number of them from 8 (some of which had limited or fixed functionality, e.g. for stack management) to 16 (fully general), and provides numerous other enhancements. Floating point operations are supported via mandatory SSE2-like instructions, and x87/MMX style registers are generally not used (but still available even in 64-bit mode); instead, a set of 32 vector registers, 128 bits each, is used. (Each can store one or two double-precision numbers or one to four single precision numbers, or various integer formats.) In 64-bit mode, instructions are modified to support 64-bit operands and 64-bit addressing mode. The compatibility mode allows 16- and 32-bit user applications to run unmodified coexisting with 64-bit applications if the 64-bit operating system supports them. As the full x86 16-bit and 32-bit instruction sets remain implemented in hardware without any intervening emulation, these older executables can run with little or no performance penalty, while newer or modified applications can take advantage of new features of the processor design to achieve performance improvements. Also, a processor supporting x86-64 still powers on in real mode for full backward compatibility. The original specification, created by AMD and released in 2000, has been implemented by AMD, Intel and VIA. The AMD K8 processor was the first to implement it. This was the first significant addition to the x86 architecture designed by a company other than Intel. Intel was forced to follow suit and introduced a modified NetBurst family which was software-compatible with AMD's specification. VIA Technologies introduced x86-64 in their VIA Isaiah architecture, with the VIA Nano. The x86-64 architecture is distinct from the Intel Itanium architecture (formerly IA-64), which is not compatible on the native instruction set level with the x86 architecture. Operating systems and applications written for one cannot be run on the other.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 41291,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 413,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "fileType": "na",
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    "linkedInSkill": "x86"
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  {
    "id": "speakeasy",
    "name": "Speakeasy",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "creators": "Stanley Cohen",
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://speakeasy.com",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1514,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21686,
    "hoplId": 660,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "domainName_registered": 1998,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2006,
    "wikipedia_related": "mortran c solaris apl matlab linux fortran",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Speakeasy is a numerical computing interactive environment also featuring an interpreted programming language. It was initially developed for internal use at the Physics Division of Argonne National Laboratory by the theoretical physicist Stanley Cohen. He eventually founded Speakeasy Computing Corporation to make the program available commercially. Speakeasy is a very long-lasting numerical package. In fact, the original version of the environment was built around a core dynamic data repository called \"Named storage\" developed in the early 1960s, while the most recent version has been released in 2006. Speakeasy was aimed to make the computational work of the physicists at the Argonne National Laboratory easier. It was initially conceived to work on mainframes (the only kind of computers at that time), and was subsequently ported to new platforms (minicomputers, personal computers) as they became available. The porting of the same code on different platforms was made easier by using Mortran metalanguage macros to face systems dependencies and compilers deficiencies and differences. Speakeasy is currently available on several platforms : PCs running Windows, macOS, Linux, departmental computers and workstations running several flavors of Linux, AIX or Solaris. Speakeasy was also among the first interactive numerical computing environments, having been implemented in such a way on a CDC 3600 system, and later on IBM TSO machines as one was in beta-testing at the Argonne National Laboratory at the time. Almost since the beginning (as the dynamic linking functionality was made available in the operating systems) Speakeasy features the capability of expanding its operational vocabulary using separated modules, dynamically linked to the core processor as they are needed. For that reason such modules  were called \"linkules\" (LINKable-modULES). They are functions with a generalized interface, which can be written in  FORTRAN or in C. The independence of each of the new modules from the others and from the main processor is of great help in improving the system, especially it was in the old days. This easy way of expanding the functionalities of the main processor was often exploited by the users to develop their own specialized packages. Besides the programs, functions and subroutines the user can write in the Speakeasy's own interpreted language, linkules add functionalities carried out with the typical performances of compiled programs. Among the packages developed by the users, one of the most important is \"Modeleasy\", originally developed as \"FEDeasy\" in the early 1970s at the research department of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors in Washington D.C.. Modeleasy implements special objects and functions for large econometric models estimation and simulation. Its evolution led eventually to its distribution as an independent product.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 15,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 81,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 126,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 24641580,
    "lab": "Argonne National Laboratory",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 96,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 13,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/heyspeakeasy",
    "wikipedia_example": "$ In the following statement $ selector must be >= 1 and <= N  GO TO label1, label2, ..., labelN : selector ... label1: ... label2: ... ... labelN: ...",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speakeasy_(computational_environment)",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=660",
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  {
    "id": "lyx-editor",
    "name": "LyX",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "editor",
    "website": "https://www.lyx.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1515,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 21684,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "editor",
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    "domainName_registered": 1998,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
    "wikipedia_related": "qt latex linux xetex bibtex subversion",
    "wikipedia_summary": "LyX (styled as                                    L                                                                                                          Y                                                                             X                          {\\displaystyle \\mathbf {L} \\!{}_{\\mathbf {\\displaystyle Y} }\\!\\mathbf {X} }   ; pronounced [ˈlɪks]) is an open source document processor based on the LaTeX typesetting system. Unlike most word processors, which follow the WYSIWYG (\"what you see is what you get\") paradigm, LyX has a WYSIWYM (\"what you see is what you mean\") approach, where what shows up on the screen is only an approximation of what will show up on the page. Since LyX largely functions as a front-end to the LaTeX typesetting system, it has the power and flexibility of LaTeX, and can handle documents including books, notes, theses, to academic papers, letters, etc. Knowledge of the LaTeX markup language is not necessary for basic usage, although a variety of specialized formatting is only possible by adding LaTeX directives directly into the page. LyX is popular among technical authors and scientists for its advanced mathematical modes, though it is increasingly used by non-mathematically-oriented scholars as well for its bibliographic database integration and ability to manage multiple files. LyX has also become popular among self-publishers.LyX is available for various operating systems, including Windows, macOS, Linux, UNIX, OS/2 and Haiku. LyX can be redistributed and modified under the terms of the GNU General Public License and is thus free software.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 130,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 159,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 493,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 166127,
    "lab": "https://www.lyx.org/MailingLists",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 671,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "country": "Various",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LyX",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "lyx.org"
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  {
    "id": "blacklight",
    "name": "Blacklight",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "creators": "Anthony M. Cook",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://blog.anthonymcook.com/blacklight/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v0.2.0",
    "rank": 1516,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 6,
    "pldbScore": 21680,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/acook/blacklight",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 11,
    "githubRepo_forks": 6,
    "githubRepo_stars": 45,
    "githubRepo_issues": 0,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2015,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 666,
    "repoStats_committers": 4,
    "repoStats_files": 99,
    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 7143,
    "description": "blacklight is a general-pupose multithreading concatenative stack-based programming language with first-class queues and objects with delegation.",
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    "lab": "http://anthonymcook.com/",
    "rijuRepl_description": "blacklight is a general-pupose multithreading concatenative stack-based programming language with first-class queues and objects with delegation.",
    "writtenIn": "go bash markdown yaml json powershell",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 69,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 20,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "Unknown",
    "example": "newq newq                ;; create send and receive queues [   [     deq                  ;; will block if the queue is empty     n-to-cv rot swap enq ;; convert number into a cv (string) and send back     swap                 ;; reorder queues so we can loop without confusion   ] loop                 ;; using loop since it goes forever ] work                   ;; start new thread and swap the queues swap                     ;; bring send queue to top 1 enq 2 enq 3 enq 4 enq  ;; send some numbers to be converted 0 [ 1 add ] [ 1000 eq ] until drop               ;; give the main thread busywork swap q-to-v              ;; get contents of receive Q as V print                    ;; display contents of V",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/acook/blacklight",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "free-pascal",
    "name": "Free Pascal",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1517,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 21675,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1997,
    "wikipedia_related": "object-pascal assembly-language pascal turbo-pascal delphi objective-c linux powerpc arm sparc x86-isa ios elf freebsd solaris android atmel-avr jvm mips ipf visual-studio-code-editor morfik",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Free Pascal Compiler (FPC) is a compiler for the closely related programming language dialects, Pascal and Object Pascal. It is free software released under the GNU General Public License, with exception clauses that allow for static linking against its runtime libraries and packages for any purpose in combination with any other software license. It supports its own Object Pascal dialect as well as the dialects of several other Pascal family compilers to a certain extent, including those of Turbo Pascal, Delphi, and some historical Macintosh compilers. The dialect is selected on a per-unit (module) basis, and more than one dialect can be used per program. It follows a write once, compile anywhere philosophy, and is available for many CPU architectures and operating systems (see Targets). It supports inline assembly language and includes an internal assembler capable of parsing several dialects such as AT&T and Intel style. Separate projects exist to facilitate developing cross-platform graphical user interface (GUI) applications, the most prominent one being the Lazarus integrated development environment (IDE).",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 127,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 255,
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                set !array !index !(get !array !(index - 1));                 set !array !(index - 1) !tmp;                 continue (array, index - 1)             } else {                 break ()             }         }     };      sort <R : region> : function(int[] @ R, unsigned integer(native)) => () uses R;     sort <R : region> = function(array, length) {         if (length > 1) {             sort(array, length - 1);             insert(array, length - 1)         } else {             ()         }     }; };  module borrowed = {     increment <R : region> : function(unique int*) => unique int* uses R;     increment <R : region> = function(p :: unique int*) {         let ((), p) = borrow p as <A : region >= R>(x :: int* @ A) {             *x = (*x + 1)         };         p     }; };  module partial = {     inline auto = \\x => x;          inline semi<A : type> = \\x : A => x;      inline scoped<A : type> : A -> A;     inline scoped = \\x : A => x;      inline manual<A : type> : A -> A; 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    "wikipedia_summary": "Geany (IPA:ʒeːniː) is a lightweight GUI text editor using Scintilla and GTK, including basic IDE features. It is designed to have short load times, with limited dependency on separate packages or external libraries on Linux. It has been ported to a wide range of operating systems, such as BSD, Linux, macOS, Solaris and Windows. The Windows port lacks an embedded terminal window; also missing from the Windows version are the external development tools present under Unix, unless installed separately by the user. Among the supported programming languages and markup languages are C, C++, C#, Java, JavaScript, PHP, HTML, LaTeX, CSS, Python, Perl, Ruby, Pascal, Haskell, Erlang, Vala and many others.In contrast to traditional Unix-based editors like Emacs or Vim, Geany more closely resembles programming editors common on Microsoft Windows such as Notepad++, which also uses Scintilla.It is free software licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL version 2 or later. In 2012, the version number was increased to 1.22 from 0.21 to reflect the maturity of the product, as requested by many users.",
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    "lab": "https://github.com/geany",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 566,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "Various",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geany",
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    "id": "grass",
    "name": "GRASS",
    "appeared": 1977,
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    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1551,
    "exampleCount": 2,
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    "wikipedia_related": "basic opengl c true-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "GRASS (GRAphics Symbiosis System) is a programming language created to script 2D vector graphics animations. GRASS was similar to BASIC in syntax, but added numerous instructions for specifying 2D object animation, including scaling, translation, rotation and color changes over time. It quickly became a hit with the artistic community who were experimenting with the new medium of computer graphics, and is most famous for its use by Larry Cuba to create the original \"attacking the Death Star will not be easy\" animation in Star Wars (1977). A later version that was adapted to support raster graphics was known as ZGrass.",
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    "lab": "Ohio State University",
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    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#grass",
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    "country": "United States",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/grass",
    "rijuRepl_example": "wWWwwww ",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2002|Springer|Open Source Gis: A Grass Gis Approach (kluwer International Series In Engineering & Computer Science)|Markus Neteler and Helena Mitasova|9781402070884\\n2010|Springer|Open Source GIS: A GRASS GIS Approach|Neteler, Markus and Mitasova, Helena|9781441942067"
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    "id": "trac",
    "name": "TRAC",
    "appeared": 1964,
    "creators": "Calvin Mooers",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 1552,
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    "standsFor": "Text Reckoning And Compiling",
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    "wikipedia_related": "sam76 emacs-editor ttm",
    "wikipedia_summary": "TRAC (for Text Reckoning And Compiling) Language is a programming language developed between 1959-1964 by Calvin Mooers and implemented on a PDP-10 in 1964 by L. Peter Deutsch. It was one of three \"first languages\" recommended by Ted Nelson in Computer Lib. TRAC T64 was used until 1984, when Mooers updated it to TRAC T84. TRAC is a purely text-based language—a kind of macro language. Unlike traditional ad hoc macro languages of the time, such as those found in assemblers, TRAC is well planned, consistent, and in many senses complete. It has explicit input and output operators, unlike the typical implicit I/O at the outermost macro level, which makes it simultaneously simpler and more versatile than older macro languages. It also differs from traditional macro languages in that TRAC numbers are strings of digits, with integer arithmetic (without specific limits on maximum values) being provided through built-in (\"primitive\") functions. Arguably, one aspect of its completeness is that the concept of error is limited to events like lack of file space and requesting expansion of a string longer than the interpreter's working storage; what would in many languages be described as illegal operations are dealt with in TRAC by defining a result (often a null string) for every possible combination of a function's argument strings. The emphasis on strings as strings is so strong that TRAC provides mechanisms for handling the language's own syntactic characters either in their syntactic roles or like any other character, and self-modifying code has more the feel of a natural consequence of typical TRAC programming techniques than of being a special feature. TRAC is, like APL or LISP, an expression oriented language (in contrast to more typical procedure-oriented languages), but unlike APL, it completely lacks operators. In most respects, it is a case of pure functional programming. TRAC has in common with LISP a syntax that generally involves the presence of many levels of nested parentheses. Mooers trademarked the name TRAC in an effort to maintain his control over the definition of the language, an unusual and pioneering action at the time. At one point, he brought an intellectual property infringement suit against DEC, alleging that a contract to deliver a mini-computer with a TRAC interpreter violated his rights. \"The first issue of Dr. Dobb's Journal, one of the early publications in the personal computer field, has a vitriolic editorial against Mooers and his rapacity in trying to charge people for his computing language.\" However, the trademark (#72301892) expired in 1992. The name has since been used several times for unrelated information technology projects, including a current open source project management system called Trac. There have been various languages inspired by TRAC. To avoid any trouble with Mooers, they renamed primitives and/or used different metacharacters. In SAM76's case, primitives were added, according to Claude Kagan, \"because TRAC is baby talk\". In MINT's case, primitives were added to give access to a sophisticated text editor machinery. one perceived shortcoming of TRAC was lack of full extensibility: some TRAC primitive functions are sensitive to the distinction between a null (zero-character) argument and a nonexistent (non-delimited) one, but beyond its last non-null argument, a user-defined function cannot make the distinction. SAM76 was a TRAC-like language which eliminated that limitation. Russ Nelson implemented an emacs extension language named MINT (MINT Is Not TRAC). This language is used by the FreeDOS editor FreeMACS. TRAC was used by FTP Software in its PC/TCP product as the modem dialler scripting language. TRAC was also used as a front end on Digital Productions Cray renderer for films, including The Last Starfighter.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/trac",
    "country": "United States",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2010||Trac (programming Language)|Surhone and Lambert M. and Timpledon and Miriam T. and Marseken and Susan F.|9786130918170",
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  {
    "id": "ici",
    "name": "Interactive C Interpreter",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://atrn.org/ici/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1553,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21615,
    "hoplId": 2104,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "i/ICI.ici",
    "standsFor": "Interactive C Interpreter",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "c perl regex tcl",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ICI is a general purpose interpreted, computer programming language originally developed by Tim Long in the late 1980s. It has dynamic typing and flexible data types, with the basic syntax, flow control constructs and operators of C. It can be considered broadly similar to Perl, with which it is roughly contemporary. Like Perl, it also has tight integration with regular expressions. ICI is not an acronym.Primitive data types in ICI include integers, reals, strings, files, safe pointers, and regular expressions. Aggregate data types are arrays, sets, and associative tables. Sets can be heterogeneous, nested, and support the usual set operations: union, intersection, etc. The language supports subroutines and nested modules. All variables are lexically scoped at the subroutine or module level, but unlike most structured languages, ICI allows the current scope to be adjusted (Tcl also allows this, for example). ICI is not object-based, many object programming features can be emulated in the language by using a data structure inheritance feature called super-structures. To support application development, ICI has C-like file I/O and system interface support, as well as a high-level event trigger facility. The language also has a modest standard library of built-in functions. It is also notable for its generous license, which permits use for any purpose, including commercial and alteration and resale.",
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    "docs": "http://atrn.org/ici/documentation.html",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Australia",
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    "printToken": "printf",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICI_(programming_language)",
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    "id": "statsplorer",
    "name": "Statsplorer",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "creators": "Krishna Subramanian and Chat Wacharamanotham",
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "visual",
    "website": "https://hci.rwth-aachen.de/statsplorer",
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    "rank": 1554,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "tea-pl",
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/imkrishsub/VisiStat",
    "primaryTag": "visual",
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    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "oldName": "VisiStat",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2013,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2017,
    "repoStats_commits": 1565,
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    "lab": "RWTH Aachen University",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
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    "related": "r",
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    "country": "Germany",
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    "id": "xbasic",
    "name": "Xbasic",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "creators": "Max Reason",
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1555,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 21612,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "x/XBasic.x",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2002,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic c unix linux assembly-language xblite",
    "wikipedia_summary": "XBasic is a variant of the BASIC programming language that was developed in the late 1980s for the Motorola 88000 CPU and Unix by Max Reason. In the early 1990s it was ported to Windows and Linux, and since 1999 it has been available as open source software with its runtime library under the LGPL license. It should not be confused with TI Extended BASIC, which is sometimes called XBasic or X Basic. Xbasic should also not be confused with the Xbasic language used in Alpha Software's Alpha Anywhere and Alpha Five products. Alpha Software has developed Xbasic as a proprietary language for its products. Alpha Software's Xbasic is not connected in any way at all to the version of Xbasic described in this article. Max Reason discontinued his support, and development since has been overseen by Eddie Penninkhof. Version 6.2.3 was the last official release, released on 27 October 2002.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 99,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 2,
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    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "x",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 25,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:XBasic",
    "leachim6_example": "IMPORT \"xst\" DECLARE FUNCTION  Hello ()  FUNCTION  Hello ()  XstDisplayConsole ()  PRINT \"Hello World\" END FUNCTION END PROGRAM ",
    "wikipedia_example": "' Programs contain:  ' 1. A PROLOG with type/function/constant declarations.  ' 2. This Entry() function where execution begins.  ' 3. Zero or more additional functions.  '  FUNCTION Entry()   PRINT \"Hello World\"   PRINT 2+2  PRINT 44/12  PRINT 33*3   END FUNCTION",
    "leachim6": "XBasic",
    "lineCommentToken": "'",
    "printToken": "PRINT",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbasic",
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    "id": "crap",
    "name": "Crap",
    "appeared": 2018,
    "creators": "Henry Kroll III",
    "measurements": 25,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://themanyone.github.io/crap/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.24.2",
    "rank": 1556,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 21609,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/themanyone/crap",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2018,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Concise RegEx-Aware Preprocessor",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "crap",
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2018,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 101,
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    "repoStats_files": 39,
    "repoStats_mb": 1,
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    "description": "crap stands for concise, regex-aware preprocessor, it turns simplified crap code, python or lua-like pseudocode into c11",
    "githubRepo_description": "crap stands for concise, regex-aware preprocessor, it turns simplified crap code, python or lua-like pseudocode into c11",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "crap stands for concise, regex-aware preprocessor, it turns simplified crap code, python or lua-like pseudocode into c11",
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    "writtenIn": "c",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 13,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 27,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "United States",
    "example": " #if 0  crap $0 | tcc -run -; exit 0  #endif  #include <stdio.h>    #define M 3  #define N 4  main      // defined length [M][N] is computable      int test_image[M][N]=       {{1,2,3,4},        {5,6,7,8},        {9,10,11,12}},      // undefined length *i is not      *i, j        for i in test_image // computable length          for j in i[:N] // undefined length, add [:N]              printf  \"%i%s\", j, j_index==N-1?\"\\n\":\", \"",
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    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/themanyone/crap",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
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    "hasComments": true,
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    "hasHexadecimals": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
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  {
    "id": "charcoal",
    "name": "Charcoal",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "creators": "somebody1234",
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    "tags": "esolang",
    "website": "https://github.com/somebody1234/Charcoal/",
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    "id": "brain-flak",
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    "creators": "DJMcMayhem",
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    "tags": "esolang",
    "website": "https://github.com/DJMcMayhem/Brain-Flak/",
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    "lab": "https://github.com/DJMcMayhem",
    "writtenIn": "ruby markdown",
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    "id": "kaggle-app",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "application",
    "website": "https://www.kaggle.com/",
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    "domainName_registered": 2009,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2017,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Kaggle is an online community of data scientists and machine learners, owned by Google LLC. Kaggle allows users to find and publish data sets, explore and build models in a web-based data-science environment, work with other data scientists and machine learning engineers, and enter competitions to solve data science challenges. Kaggle got its start by offering machine learning competitions and now also offers a public data platform, a cloud-based workbench for data science, and short form AI education. On 8 March 2017, Google announced that they were acquiring Kaggle.",
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    "country": "Unknown",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaggle",
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    "id": "object-query-language",
    "name": "OQL",
    "appeared": 1986,
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    "tags": "queryLanguage",
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    "aka": "OQL",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Object Query Language (OQL) is a query language standard for object-oriented databases modeled after SQL.  OQL was developed by the Object Data Management Group (ODMG). Because of its overall complexity nobody has ever fully implemented the complete OQL. OQL has influenced the design of some of the newer query languages like JDOQL and EJB QL, but they can't be considered as different flavors of OQL.",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "http://tech.novosoft-us.com/products/oql_book.htm",
    "example": "select c.address from Persons p, p.children c where p.address.street = \"Main Street\" and count(p.children) >= 2 and c.address.city != p.address.city",
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    "id": "microsoft-small-basic",
    "name": "Microsoft Small Basic",
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    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.smallbasic.com/",
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    "wikipedia_related": "smallbasic logo qbasic visual-basic.net basic csharp xml visual-studio-editor visual-basic visual-studio-code-editor robomind scratch",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Microsoft Small Basic is a programming language and associated IDE. It is Microsoft's simplified variant of the BASIC programming language, intended as an easy programming language for beginners. The associated IDE provides a simplified programming environment with functionality such as syntax highlighting, intelligent code completion, and in-editor documentation access. The language has only 14 keywords.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
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(player object -- i)    dup \"link_ok\" flag? if pop pop 1 exit then    .controls ;     : check-exec (d mtype execstr -- )    dup \"@\" 1 strncmp if pop pop pop exit then    1 strcut swap pop    \" \" .split pop    dup \"$\" 1 strncmp not if       dup match ok? not if          \" is not a known registered program.\" strcat          exec-err exit       then       dup match program? not if          \" is not a program.\" strcat          exec-err exit       then       3 pick owner over match can-linkto? not if          \" is not Link_OK.\" strcat          exec-err exit       then    else       dup number? not if          \" is not a program dbref.\" strcat          \"@\" swap strcat exec-err exit       then       dup atoi dbref ok? not if          \" is not a valid program reference.\" strcat          \"@\" swap strcat exec-err exit       then       dup atoi dbref program? not if          \" is not a valid program reference.\" strcat          \"@\" swap strcat exec-err exit       then       3 pick owner over atoi dbref can-linkto? not if          \" is not Link_OK.\" strcat          \"@\" swap strcat exec-err exit       then    then    pop pop pop ;         : missing-err ( d s -- )    swap unparseobj    \" is missing an \"    strcat swap strcat    \" message.\" strcat .tell ;     : colon-err ( d s -- )    swap unparseobj    \" has an unnecesary ':' at the start of its \"    strcat swap strcat    \" message.\" strcat .tell ;     : check-desc (d -- )    dup desc not if       \"@description\" missing-err    else       \"@description\" over       desc check-exec    then ;     : check-succ (d -- )    dup succ not if       \"@success\" missing-err    else       \"@success\" over       succ check-exec    then ;     : check-fail (d -- )    dup fail not if       \"@fail\" missing-err    else       \"@fail\" over       fail check-exec    then ;     : check-drop (d -- )    dup drop not if       \"@drop\" missing-err    else       \"@drop\" over       drop check-exec    then ;     : check-osucc (d -- )    dup osucc not if       \"@osuccess\" missing-err    else       dup osucc \":\" 1 strncmp not if          \"@osuccess\" colon-err       else pop       then    then ;     : check-ofail (d -- )    dup ofail not if       \"@ofail\" missing-err    else       dup ofail \":\" 1 strncmp not if          \"@ofail\" colon-err       else pop       then    then ;     : check-odrop (d -- )    dup odrop not if       \"@odrop\" missing-err    else       dup odrop \":\" 1 strncmp not if          \"@odrop\" colon-err       else pop       then    then ;         $define islocked? (d -- i) getlockstr \"*UNLOCKED*\" stringcmp $enddef     : islocked_always? 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    "id": "zone",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "text.zone_file",
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    "wikipedia_example": "zone \"0.0.127.in-addr.arpa\"  IN { type master; file \"r.local\"; };",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_file",
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    "id": "calcit",
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    "creators": "tí yè",
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    "tags": "pl lisp",
    "website": "https://calcit-lang.org/",
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2021,
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    "writtenIn": "rust toml markdown yaml json bourne-shell javascript",
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    "expandedMeasurements": 20,
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    "example": "tag-match shape   (:circle base radius) $ println \"Circle with radius:\" radius   (:rect base width height) $ println \"Rect with height:\" height   _ $ println \"Unknown shape\"",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/calcit-lang/calcit/",
    "hasSemanticIndentation": true,
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    "id": "colascript",
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    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://github.com/TrigenSoftware/ColaScript/wiki/A-Tour-of-the-ColaScript",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/prometheusresearch/htsql",
    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
    "githubRepo_created": 2020,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 6,
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    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2020,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 286722,
    "webRepl": "https://demo.htsql.org/",
    "description": "HTSQL is a comprehensive navigational query language for relational databases.",
    "githubRepo_description": "HTSQL is a comprehensive navigational query language for relational databases.",
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    "docs": "https://www.htsql.org/doc/",
    "example": "/school{name, count(department) :as '# of Dept.'}",
    "twitter": "http://twitter.com/htsql",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/prometheusresearch/htsql",
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    "id": "huginn",
    "name": "huginn",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "creators": "Marcin Konarski",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://huginn.org/",
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    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2021,
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    "domainName_registered": 2017,
    "lab": "https://github.com/AmokHuginnsson/huginn/issues",
    "writtenIn": "cpp make bourne-shell yaml vim-script powershell python javascript markdown bash xml cmake php svg lisp m4 css json",
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    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Huginn",
    "country": "Poland",
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    "domainName": "huginn.org",
    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n16464458|Show HN: Huginn: programming language with no quirks ;)|2018-02-26 10:55:47 UTC|1519642547|MarcinKonarski|2|2"
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    "id": "spyder-editor",
    "name": "Spyder",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "editor",
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    "wikipedia_related": "python qt linux numpy scipy matplotlib pandas cython regex vim",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Spyder is an open source cross-platform integrated development environment (IDE) for scientific programming in the Python language. Spyder integrates with a number of prominent packages in the scientific Python stack, including NumPy, SciPy, Matplotlib, pandas, IPython, SymPy and Cython, as well as other open source software. It is released under the MIT license.Initially created and developed by Pierre Raybaut in 2009, since 2012 Spyder has been maintained and continuously improved by a team of scientific Python developers and the community. Spyder is extensible with first- and third-party plugins, includes support for interactive tools for data inspection and embeds Python-specific code quality assurance and introspection instruments, such as Pyflakes, Pylint and Rope. It is available cross-platform through Anaconda, on Windows with WinPython and Python (x,y), on macOS through MacPorts, and on major Linux distributions such as Arch Linux, Debian, Fedora, Gentoo Linux, openSUSE and Ubuntu.Spyder uses Qt for its GUI, and is designed to use either of the PyQt or PySide Python bindings. QtPy, a thin abstraction layer developed by the Spyder project and later adopted by multiple other packages, provides the flexibility to use either backend.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 294,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 81,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 149,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 34226513,
    "lab": "https://github.com/spyder-ide",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "fileType": "na",
    "country": "France",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spyder_(software)",
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    "id": "go-bang",
    "name": "Go!",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "creators": "Francis McCabe and Keith Clark",
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1610,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21503,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2003,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Go! is an agent-based programming language in the tradition of logic-based programming languages like Prolog.  It was introduced in a 2003 paper by Francis McCabe and Keith Clark.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 85,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 23,
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    "lab": "Imperial College && Fujitsu",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 445,
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    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "country": "United Kingdom and United States",
    "example": "Sex ::= male | female. person <~ {dayOfBirth:[] => day.            age:[] => integer.            sex:[] => Sex.            name:[] => string.            home:[] => string.            lives:[string]{}}. person:[string, day, Sex, string] $= person. person(Nm, Born, Sx, Hm)..{   dayOfBirth() => Born.   age() => yearsBetween(now(), Born).   sex() => Sx.   name() => Nm.   home() => Hm.   lives(Pl) :- Pl = home().   yearsBetween:[integer, day] => integer.   yearsBetween(...) => .. }. newPerson:[string, day, Sex, string] => person. newPerson(Nm, Born, Sx, Hm) => $person(Nm, Born, Sx, Hm).",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go!_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 2,
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2004|Go! — A Multi-Paradigm Programming Language for Implementing Multi-Threaded Agents|10.1023/B:AMAI.0000031195.87297.d9|44|4|K. Clark and F. McCabe|b85409a4a670e81d20c8ff42c9dd253e6ef3be10\\n2006|Ontology oriented programming in go!|10.1007/s10489-006-8511-x|15|0|K. Clark and F. McCabe|f1ff3ccf5911089da74418857481a766b0d21fd9"
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    "id": "oem",
    "name": "OEM",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "schema",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1611,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "schema",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Object Exchange Model",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Object Exchange Model  (OEM) is a model for exchanging semi-structured data between object-oriented databases. It serves as the basic data model in numerous projects of the Stanford University Database Group, including Tsimmis, Lore, and C3. Slight variations of OEM have evolved across different Stanford projects. In Lore, labels are actually on parent-child \"links\" rather than objects. For example, if an OEM object has multiple parents, different parent objects may use different labels to identify that object. An atomic value encoding a person's name might be included in one complex object using the label \"Author\" and in another complex object using the label \"Editor.\" In C3, additional attributes are required for each object to annotate the changes to the object that have occurred over time.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 6,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 15,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 6366963,
    "lab": "Stanford University",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 50,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 16,
    "related": "rdf",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "<DB:: Eats { // A Sample Database <Restaurant { <Name \"Darbar\"> <Entree { <Name str \"Masala Dosa\"> <_895: Price 8.95> }> <Entree { <Name \"Mushroom Bhajee\"> <Opinion \"This entree is excellent, \" # \"though it is a bit spicy\"> <&_895> }> <\"Credit Card\" \"Visa\"> }> }>",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_Exchange_Model",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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    "id": "jvm",
    "name": "JVM",
    "appeared": 1994,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "vm",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1612,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 21502,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 9,
    "inboundLinks": "ceylon clojure fantom groovy ioke kotlin scala x10 xtend",
    "primaryTag": "vm",
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    "standsFor": "Java Virtual Machine",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2006,
    "wikipedia_related": "java-bytecode jruby jython ruby python clojure groovy scala kotlin android",
    "wikipedia_summary": "A Java virtual machine (JVM) is a virtual machine that enables a computer to run Java programs as well as programs written in other languages and compiled to Java bytecode.  The JVM is detailed by a specification that formally describes what is required of a JVM implementation.  Having a specification ensures interoperability of Java programs across different implementations so that program authors using the Java Development Kit (JDK) need not worry about idiosyncrasies of the underlying hardware platform. The JVM reference implementation is developed by the OpenJDK project as open source code and includes a JIT compiler called HotSpot.  The commercially supported Java releases available from Oracle Corporation are based on the OpenJDK runtime.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 918,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 497,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1210,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 16389,
    "lab": "Sun Microsystems",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 4610,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_virtual_machine",
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  {
    "id": "m4sugar",
    "name": "M4Sugar",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1613,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21499,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubLanguage_filenames": "configure.ac",
    "githubLanguage_repos": 0,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_group": "M4",
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "autoconf",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.m4",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 2,
    "description": "M4 by itself provides only a small, but sufficient, set of all-purpose macros. M4sugar introduces additional generic macros. Its name was coined by Lars J. Aas: “Readability And Greater Understanding Stands 4 M4sugar”",
    "githubRepo_description": "M4 by itself provides only a small, but sufficient, set of all-purpose macros. M4sugar introduces additional generic macros. Its name was coined by Lars J. Aas: “Readability And Greater Understanding Stands 4 M4sugar”",
    "lab": "Free Software Foundation",
    "rijuRepl_description": "M4 by itself provides only a small, but sufficient, set of all-purpose macros. M4sugar introduces additional generic macros. Its name was coined by Lars J. Aas: “Readability And Greater Understanding Stands 4 M4sugar”",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "m4",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 200,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "http://www6.gnu.org/software/autoconf/manual/autoconf.pdf",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "m4_define([m4_list_declare], [m4_do(  [m4_define([$1_GET], [m4_expand([m4_list_nth([$1], $][1)])])],  [m4_define([$1_FOREACH], [m4_foreach([item], [m4_dquote_elt(m4_list_contents([$1]))], m4_quote($][1))])], )])  m4_define([m4_list_add], [m4_do(  [m4_pushdef([_LIST_NAME], [[_LIST_$1]])],  [m4_ifndef(_LIST_NAME,   [m4_define(_LIST_NAME, m4_dquote(m4_escape([$2])))],   [m4_define(_LIST_NAME, m4_dquote(m4_list_contents([$1]), m4_escape([$2])))],  )],  [m4_popdef([_LIST_NAME])], )])  m4_define([m4_list_contents], [m4_do(  [m4_pushdef([_LIST_NAME], [[_LIST_$1]])],  [m4_ifndef(_LIST_NAME, [], m4_quote(_LIST_NAME))],  [m4_popdef([_LIST_NAME])], )])  m4_define([m4_list_nth], [m4_argn([$2], m4_list_contents([$1]))])  m4_define([m4_list_pop_front], [m4_do(  [m4_pushdef([_LIST_NAME], [[_LIST_$1]])],  [m4_car(m4_unquote(_LIST_NAME))],  [m4_define(_LIST_NAME, m4_cdr(m4_unquote(_LIST_NAME)))],  [m4_popdef([_LIST_NAME])], )])  m4_define([m4_list_pop_back], [m4_do(  [m4_pushdef([_LIST_NAME], [[_LIST_$1]])],  [m4_define(_LIST_NAME, m4_dquote(m4_reverse(m4_unquote(_LIST_NAME))))],  [m4_list_pop_front([$1])],  [m4_define(_LIST_NAME, m4_dquote(m4_reverse(m4_unquote(_LIST_NAME))))],  [m4_popdef([_LIST_NAME])], )])  dnl dnl $1: List name dnl $2: What dnl $3: If contains dnl $4: If not m4_define([m4_list_contains], [m4_do(  [m4_foreach([item], m4_list_contents([$1]), m4_if(item, [$2], [[$3]], [[$4]]))] )])",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/Alhadis/language-etc",
    "githubLanguage": "M4Sugar"
  },
  {
    "id": "vcl",
    "name": "Varnish Configuration Language",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "application",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1614,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 21499,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 404,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 428,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 594,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.varnish.vcl",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 35,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2017,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 2,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 3,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "varnish.py",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "vcl",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "vcl",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 200,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "fileType": "text",
    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varnish_(software)",
    "example": "acl local {  \"localhost\";         // myself  \"192.0.2.0\"/24;      // and everyone on the local network  ! \"192.0.2.23\";      // except for the dialin router }",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "/*-  * Copyright (c) 2006 Verdens Gang AS  * Copyright (c) 2006-2011 Varnish Software AS  * All rights reserved.  *  * Author: Poul-Henning Kamp <phk@phk.freebsd.dk>  *  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions  * are met:  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.  *  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE  * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR  * BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,  * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE  * OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,  * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.  *  * The default VCL code.  *  * NB! You do NOT need to copy & paste all of these functions into your  * own vcl code, if you do not provide a definition of one of these  * functions, the compiler will automatically fall back to the default  * code from this file.  *  * This code will be prefixed with a backend declaration built from the  * -b argument.  */  sub vcl_recv {     if (req.restarts == 0) {  if (req.http.x-forwarded-for) {      set req.http.X-Forwarded-For =   req.http.X-Forwarded-For + \", \" + client.ip;  } else {      set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip;  }     }     if (req.request != \"GET\" &&       req.request != \"HEAD\" &&       req.request != \"PUT\" &&       req.request != \"POST\" &&       req.request != \"TRACE\" &&       req.request != \"OPTIONS\" &&       req.request != \"DELETE\") {         /* Non-RFC2616 or CONNECT which is weird. */         return (pipe);     }     if (req.request != \"GET\" && req.request != \"HEAD\") {         /* We only deal with GET and HEAD by default */         return (pass);     }     if (req.http.Authorization || req.http.Cookie) {         /* Not cacheable by default */         return (pass);     }     return (lookup); }  sub vcl_pipe {     # Note that only the first request to the backend will have     # X-Forwarded-For set.  If you use X-Forwarded-For and want to     # have it set for all requests, make sure to have:     # set bereq.http.connection = \"close\";     # here.  It is not set by default as it might break some broken web     # applications, like IIS with NTLM authentication.     return (pipe); }  sub vcl_pass {     return (pass); }  sub vcl_hash {     hash_data(req.url);     if (req.http.host) {         hash_data(req.http.host);     } else {         hash_data(server.ip);     }     return (hash); }  sub vcl_hit {     return (deliver); }  sub vcl_miss {     return (fetch); }  sub vcl_fetch {     if (beresp.ttl <= 0s ||         beresp.http.Set-Cookie ||         beresp.http.Vary == \"*\") {   /*    * Mark as \"Hit-For-Pass\" for the next 2 minutes    */   set beresp.ttl = 120 s;   return (hit_for_pass);     }     return (deliver); }  sub vcl_deliver {     return (deliver); }  sub vcl_error {     set obj.http.Content-Type = \"text/html; charset=utf-8\";     set obj.http.Retry-After = \"5\";     synthetic {\" <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN\"  \"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd\"> <html>   <head>     <title>\"} + obj.status + \" \" + obj.response + {\"</title>   </head>   <body>     <h1>Error \"} + obj.status + \" \" + obj.response + {\"</h1>     <p>\"} + obj.response + {\"</p>     <h3>Guru Meditation:</h3>     <p>XID: \"} + req.xid + {\"</p>     <hr>     <p>Varnish cache server</p>   </body> </html> \"};     return (deliver); }  sub vcl_init {  return (ok); }  sub vcl_fini {  return (ok); }",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "VCL",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubBigQuery": "VCL",
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/brandonwamboldt/sublime-varnish",
    "githubLanguage": "VCL"
  },
  {
    "id": "rosie",
    "name": "rosie",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "website": "https://rosie-lang.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v1.4.0",
    "rank": 1615,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 13,
    "pldbScore": 21498,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://gitlab.com/rosie-pattern-language/rosie",
    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2016,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 3916,
    "repoStats_committers": 23,
    "repoStats_files": 483,
    "repoStats_mb": 26,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 1918938,
    "domainName_registered": 2016,
    "description": "RPL is a variant of modern Regular Expressions (regex) that is designed to scale to big data, many developers, and large collections of patterns.  If you use regex, you already know a lot of RPL.",
    "githubRepo_description": "RPL is a variant of modern Regular Expressions (regex) that is designed to scale to big data, many developers, and large collections of patterns.  If you use regex, you already know a lot of RPL.",
    "lab": "https://gitlab.com/rosie-pattern-language",
    "rijuRepl_description": "RPL is a variant of modern Regular Expressions (regex) that is designed to scale to big data, many developers, and large collections of patterns.  If you use regex, you already know a lot of RPL.",
    "writtenIn": "lua c markdown bourne-shell make html bash csv vim-script python lisp css yaml",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 24,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 29,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 1,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "rosie --rpl 'd = [:digit:]' -o json match d",
    "gitlabRepo": "https://gitlab.com/rosie-pattern-language/rosie",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "rosie-lang.org"
  },
  {
    "id": "power-query-m",
    "name": "PowerQuery M",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "measurements": 25,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "website": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powerquery-m/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1616,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 21494,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "powerquery",
    "description": "The Power Query M formula language is optimized for building highly flexible data mashup queries. It's a functional, case sensitive language similar to F#.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The Power Query M formula language is optimized for building highly flexible data mashup queries. It's a functional, case sensitive language similar to F#.",
    "lab": "Microsoft",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The Power Query M formula language is optimized for building highly flexible data mashup queries. It's a functional, case sensitive language similar to F#.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 48,
    "monaco": "powerquery",
    "reference": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powerquery-m/power-query-m-type-system",
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    "emailList": "https://gcc.gnu.org/lists.html",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Compiler_Collection",
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    "id": "metamath",
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    "creators": "Norman Megill",
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    "related": "lean coq",
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    "emailList": "http://groups.google.com/group/metamath",
    "faq": "https://us.metamath.org/#faq",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/metamath",
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    "id": "espol",
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    "standsFor": "Executive Systems Problem Oriented Language",
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    "wikipedia_related": "algol-60 newp",
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    "website": "https://github.com/musictheory/NilScript",
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    "id": "monkeyx",
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    "creators": "Mark Sibly",
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    "example": "/*     ____  __           __   __  _____    / __ )/ /___  _____/ /__/  |/  / /   / __  / / __ \\/ ___/ //_/ /|_/ / /  / /_/ / / /_/ / /__/ ,< / /  / / /___ /_____/_/\\____/\\___/_/|_/_/  /_/_____/  */   head[  title[Recap of John McCarthy's Recursive Functions of Symbolic Expressions and Their Computation by Machine, Part I]  h3[Judith Lindemann]  h5[Berlin, 25 December 2013]  ]  h1[Preface]  This text is originated as an exercise for an university course about scientific writing at the Beuth University of Applied Sciences Berlin. The assignment was to choose a  computer science paper, reproduce the key ideas in own words, and add some own thoughts about that topic as conclusion.  I have selected the classical paper \"b[Recursive Functions of Symbolic Expressions and Their Computation by Machine, Part I]\" by John McCarthy from 1960 (id[LISP]), because it  permits a fascinating look into the history of programming languages and is the origin of many concepts that are still relevant today.  This text is also influenced by Paul Graham's article \"b[Roots of Lisp]\" from 2002 (id[ROOTS]) about that McCarthy paper. I follow Paul Graham's approach to provide code  examples in actual LISP code instead of m-expressions, and I assume that c[quote] and c[cond] are elementary functions.  toc[Contents]  sec[Introduction][  The paper (id[LISP]) describes a dynamic typed and functional programming language called LISP. The name LISP is an abbreviation for b[LIS]t b[P]rocessor, which is a very  suitable name, because the whole syntax is completely based on a simple list notation for code and data.  LISP was developed in 1958, two years before the paper was published. The main purpose for the development was the lack of appropriate programming languages for artificial  intelligence applications. At this time FORTRAN was the dominant high level programming language, but it was developed for numeric calculations and engineering tasks and  therefore no good fit for AI problems.  LISP was influenced by IPL (Information Processing Language), which was an experimental programming language from 1957 (see id[IPL]). IPL was dedicated to AI research, but also  inappropriate because it was an assembly language. Some of the IPL concepts that LISP had adopted and heavily improved were: list-processing, higher-order functions, recursion  and computation with symbols. Some other concepts were new, for example: conditional control flow, garbage collection, lazy evaluation, and dynamic typing.  At first, we will learn something about the mathematical concepts behind LISP. Then, we will see that the early LISP had only two simple data types. After that, we will define  5-7 elementary functions and we will use them as building blocks to create our own functions. Then, we will see how the memory management works. At the end, we will look, how  LISP was doing in the past 55 years and how LISP is doing today.  ]/* Introduction */  sec[Mathematical concepts][  sec[Propositional expressions][ Propositional expressions are expressions whose values are either c[T] \"true\" or c[F] \"false\". These expressions are often combined by connectives like c[∧] \"and\", c[∨] \"or\"  and c[¬] \"not\". Typical examples are:  math[$$x < y$$ $$(x < y) \\land (b = c)$$]  ]/* Propositional Expressions */  sec[Conditional expressions][ The notation of conditional expressions was a new concept, developed by McCarthy in 1960. It is the ancestor of the \"if...then...else\" condition, who is part of nearly every  programming language nowadays. Conditional expressions allow a recursive definition of functions in a convenient way. A conditional expression has the form:  math[$$(p_1 \\rightarrow e_1,\\cdots,p_n \\rightarrow e_n)$$]  The b[p]’s are propositional expressions that are true or false. The b[e]’s could be any kind of expression. One could read \"if b[p]sub[1] then b[e]sub[1], else if b[p] sub[2] then b[e]sub[2], ..., else if b[p]sub[n] then b[e]sub[n]\" or \"b[p]sub[1] yields b[e]sub[1], ..., b[p]sub[n] yields b[e]sub[n]\".  The b[p]’s get evaluate from left to right. When the first true b[p] is found, then the conditional expressions returns the b[e] that belongs to the b[p].  math[$$(1 < 2 \\rightarrow 4, 1 > 2 \\rightarrow 3) = 4$$  $$(2 < 1 \\rightarrow 4, 2 > 1 \\rightarrow 3, 2 > 1 \\rightarrow 2) = 3$$  $$(2 < 1 \\rightarrow 4, T \\rightarrow 3) = 3$$  $$(2 < 1 \\rightarrow {0 \\over 0}, T \\rightarrow 3) = 3$$]  The whole conditional expressions is undefined: ol[ - if all b[p]'s are false, - if an undefined b[p] occurs before a true b[p] occurs - or if the b[e] that belongs to the first true b[p] is undefined it self ]  math[$$(2 < 1 \\rightarrow 3, 4 < 1 \\rightarrow 4) \\mbox{ is undefined}$$  $$({0 \\over 0} < 1 \\rightarrow 3, 1 < 4 \\rightarrow 4) \\mbox{ is undefined}$$  $$(2 < 1 \\rightarrow 3, T \\rightarrow {0 \\over 0} )\\mbox{ is undefined}$$]  ][COND]/* Conditional expressions */  sec[Recursive function definitions][  With the help of conditional expressions it is easy to define recursive functions. The factorial of a non-negative integer b[n] could be described as follows:  math[$$n! = (n = 0 \\rightarrow 1, T \\rightarrow n \\cdot(n - 1)!)$$]  The evaluation of 0! returns 1. The evaluation of 2! looks as follows:  math[\\\\begin{eqnarray*} 2! &=& (2 = 0 \\\\rightarrow 1, T \\\\rightarrow 2 \\\\cdot (2 - 1)!)\\\\\\\\ &=& 2 \\\\cdot 1!\\\\\\\\ &=& 2 \\\\cdot (1 = 0 \\\\rightarrow 1 T \\\\rightarrow \\\\cdot (1 - 1)!)\\\\\\\\ &=& 2 \\\\cdot 1 \\\\cdot 0!\\\\\\\\ &=& 2 \\\\cdot 1 \\\\cdot (0 = 0 \\\\rightarrow 1, T \\\\rightarrow 0\\\\cdot(0-1)!)\\\\\\\\ &=&2\\\\cdot1\\\\cdot1\\\\\\\\ &=&2 \\\\end{eqnarray*}]  ]/* Recursive function definitions */  sec[Lambda calculus][ The Lambda calculus is a formal notation, which is used in LISP to generate new functions and to use functions as arguments. It was introduced by Alonzo Church in 1941 (see id[ LAMBDA]).  Church distinguishes between forms and functions. An expression like im[$y^2 + x$] is a form. An expression like im[$f(3, 4)$ ] a function. im[$y^2 + x$] is not a function  because the expression im[$y^2 + x(3, 4)$] does not determine and could turn into 19 or 13. The problem is that the order, in which the arguments 3 and 4 are inserted into the  form, is undefined. To convert a form into a function we can write: is $2.50 for the first one, and $2.00 for each additional one  math[$$\\lambda((x_1, \\cdots, x_n),\\cal E)$$]  im[$\\cal E$] is a form and im[$x_1, \\cdots, x_n$] are the ordered parameters for im[$\\cal E$]. The λ-expression is a function because the variables in im[$\\cal E$] can be  substituted with arguments in the order of the parameter list im[$x_1, \\cdots, x_n$]. We say that the variables of a λ-expression are bounded. The example from above looks now  like this:  math[$$\\lambda((x,y),y^2 +x)$$]  And with arguments like this:  math[$$\\lambda((x,y),y^2 +x)(3,4) = 19$$]   If we want to define a recursive function like  math[$${\\rm sqrt}(a,x,\\epsilon)         = (|x^2 - a| < \\epsilon \\rightarrow x, T \\rightarrow {\\rm sqrt}(a, {1 \\over 2}(x + {a \\over x}),\\epsilon))$$]  in lambda notation  math[$${\\rm sqrt} = \\lambda((a,x,\\epsilon),(|x^2 - a| < \\epsilon \\rightarrow x, T\\rightarrow {\\rm sqrt} (a,{1 \\over 2}(x + {a \\over x}), \\epsilon))),$$]  we found that these definition is inadequate, because the right-hand side im[$sqrt$] can not serve as an expression for the whole function. Remember, a function would look like  im[$sqrt(a,x,ε)$].  In order to define recursive λ-expressions, we must introduce a new notation.  math[$$label(f,\\cal E)$$]  b[f] can be seen as the function name. The occurrence of b[f] within im[$\\cal E$] will be evaluated to the label-expression as if b[f] is a parameter of the function.  math[$$label(sqrt, \\lambda((a,x,\\epsilon),(| x^2 - a| < \\epsilon \\rightarrow x, T \\rightarrow {\\rm sqrt} (a, {1 \\over 2}(x + {a \\over x}),\\epsilon))))$$]  ][LAMBDACALCULUS]/* Lambda calculus */  ]/* Mathematical concepts behind Lisp */",
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    "id": "scheme-2-d",
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    "id": "rainbow",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "id": "scribe",
    "name": "Scribe",
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    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 1728,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Scribe is a markup language and word processing system which pioneered the use of descriptive markup. Scribe was revolutionary when it was proposed, because it involved for the first time a clean separation of presentation and content.",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 25,
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    "codeMirror": "z80",
    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zilog_Z80#Z80_assembly_language",
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    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "id": "unrealscript",
    "name": "UnrealScript",
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    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl 3d",
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    "rank": 1730,
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    "wikipedia_related": "linux asmjs javascript webgl android ios java",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "fileType": "text",
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    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nUnrealscript Game Programming Cookbook|2013|Dave Voyles|24323426|3.50|2|0\\nUnrealScript Game Programming All in One [With CDROM]|2006|John P. Flynt|1956745|3.14|7|1\\nUnreal Development Kit Game Programming with Unrealscript: Beginner's Guide|2011|R. Cordone|20142360|4.25|12|1\\nUnreal Development Kit Game Programming with UnrealScript: Beginner's Guide|2011|Rachel Cordone|28391442|3.00|8|0\\nUnreal Development Kit Game Programming with Unrealscript Beginner's Guide|2011|Rachel Cordone|22937490|3.50|2|1\\nUnreal Development Kit Game Programming with Unrealscript: Beginner's Guide: Create Games Beyond Your Imagination with the Unreal Development Kit|2011|Rachel Cordone|23291525|0.0|0|0\\nCurly Bracket Programming Languages: C, Java, C++, Perl, JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, Bcpl, awk, Quakec, Objective-C, Cyclone, Pike, Unrealscript, Rc|2010|Books LLC|14292084|3.00|1|0"
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    "id": "xsv-app",
    "name": "xsv-app",
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    "tags": "application",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.13.0",
    "rank": 1731,
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    "pldbScore": 21293,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/BurntSushi/xsv",
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 100,
    "githubRepo_forks": 317,
    "githubRepo_stars": 10237,
    "githubRepo_issues": 161,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2014,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2021,
    "repoStats_commits": 418,
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    "writtenIn": "rust bourne-shell markdown yaml toml make vim-script",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 11219,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 15,
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    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
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    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/BurntSushi/xsv",
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    "id": "blitz3d",
    "name": "Blitz3D",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl 3d",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1732,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 21293,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "b/Blitz3D.bb",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2000,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic linux monkey opengl ascii lua unicode csharp purebasic ios",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Blitz BASIC refers to the programming language dialect that was interpreted by the first Blitz compilers, devised by New Zealand-based developer Mark Sibly. Being derived from BASIC, Blitz syntax was designed to be easy to pick up for beginners first learning to program.  The languages are game-programming oriented but are often found general-purpose enough to be used for most types of application. The Blitz language evolved as new products were released, with recent incarnations offering support for more advanced programming techniques such as object-orientation and multi-threading.  This led to the languages losing their BASIC moniker in later years.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
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    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 126,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 27,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4840,
    "lab": "Blitz Research",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "New Zealand",
    "leachim6_example": ";Blitz3D Hello World demo by MANIAK_dobrii Print \"Hello World\" WaitKey End ",
    "wikipedia_example": "AppTitle = \"Binary Clock\"  Graphics 145,85   secondtimer = CreateTimer(2)    Repeat          Hour = CurrentTime()[..2].ToInt()          Minute = CurrentTime()[4..6].ToInt()          Second = CurrentTime()[6..].ToInt()           If Hour >= 12 Then PM = 1          If Hour > 12 Then Hour = Hour - 12          If Hour = 0 Then Hour = 12           'should do this otherwise the PM dot will be          'Left up once the clock rolls past midnight!          Cls           SetColor(0,255,0) 'make the text green For the PM part          If PM  = 1 Then DrawText \"PM\",5,5          'set the text colour back To white For the rest          SetColor(255,255,255)           For bit=0 Until 6                  xpos=20*(6-bit)                  binaryMask=2^bit                  'do hours                  If (bit<4)                          If (hour & binaryMask)                                  DrawText \"1\",xpos,5                          Else                                  DrawText \"0\",xpos,5                          EndIf                  EndIf                   'do the minutes                  If (minute & binaryMask)                          DrawText \"1\", xpos,25                  Else                          DrawText \"0\", xpos,25                  EndIf                   'do the seconds                  If (second & binaryMask)                          DrawText \"1\",xpos,45                  Else                          DrawText \"0\",xpos,45                  EndIf          Next           'make the text red For the decimal time          SetColor(255,0,0)          DrawText \"Decimal: \" + CurrentTime(),5,65          'set the text back To white For the rest          SetColor(255,255,255)     Flip           'will wait half a second          WaitTimer(secondTimer)    If KeyHit(KEY_ESCAPE) Then Exit  Forever",
    "leachim6": "Blitz3D",
    "printToken": "Print",
    "stringToken": "\"",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blitz3D",
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  {
    "id": "election-markup-language",
    "name": "Election Markup Language",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1733,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 21293,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "xmlFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "eml",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_related": "xml",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Election Markup Language (EML) is an XML-based standard to support end to end management of election processes.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 11,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 44,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 60,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 16008334,
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    "githubRepo_description": "Election Markup Language (EML) is an XML-based standard to support end to end management of election processes.",
    "lab": "Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 75,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://wiki.oasis-open.org/election",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Election_Markup_Language",
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    "id": "nwscript",
    "name": "NWScript",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1734,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 21293,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 1,
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    "githubLanguage_repos": 78,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "c_cpp",
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    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-csrc",
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    "leachim6_filepath": "n/NWScript.nss",
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    "wikipedia_related": "linux c java",
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    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "lab": "BioWare",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 75,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "leachim6_example": "// Place in the OnClientEnter event of the module's properties {     SendMessageToPC(GetEnteringObject(), \"Hello World\"); } ",
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    "leachim6": "NWScript",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NWScript",
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    "id": "sam-format",
    "name": "SAM file format",
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    "measurements": 9,
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    "rank": 1735,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 21291,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "textDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2009,
    "wikipedia_related": "tsv bam-format fastq-format",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Sequence Alignment Map (SAM) is a text-based format for storing biological sequences aligned to a reference sequence developed by Heng Li and Bob Handsaker et al. It is widely used for storing data, such as nucleotide sequences, generated by next generation sequencing technologies. The format supports short and long reads (up to 128Mbp) produced by different sequencing platforms and is used to hold mapped data within the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) and across the Broad Institute, the Wellcome Sanger Institute, and throughout the 1000 Genomes Project. Sequence Alignment/Map (SAM) format for alignment of nucleotide sequences (e.g. sequencing reads) to (a) reference sequence(s). May contain base-call and alignment qualities and other data.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2016,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 167,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 18,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 49906854,
    "lab": "Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute && MIT && Harvard University && University of California Los Angeles && Boston College && University of Michigan && Chinese Academy of Science",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 855,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United Kingdom and United States and China",
    "reference": "https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/10246875/2723002.pdf?sequence=1",
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    "id": "yum-pm",
    "name": "Yum",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "creators": "Seth Vidal and Michael Stenner",
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "packageManager",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1736,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 21291,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "packageManager",
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    "id": "ssi",
    "name": "SSI",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Server Side Includes (SSI) is a simple interpreted server-side scripting language used almost exclusively for the Web. Code is processed by web servers. The most frequent use of SSI is to include the contents of one or more files into a web page on a web server. For example, a web page containing a daily quotation could include the quotation by placing the following code into the file of the web page:  With one change of the quote.txt file, all pages that include the file will display the latest daily quotation. The inclusion is not limited to files, and may also be the text output from a program, or the value of a system variable such as the current time. Server Side Includes are useful for including a common piece of code throughout a site, such as a page header, a page footer and a navigation menu. Conditional navigation menus can be conditionally included using control directives. In order for a web server to recognize an SSI-enabled HTML file and therefore carry out these instructions, either the filename should end with a special extension, by default .shtml, .stm, .shtm, or, if the server is configured to allow this, set the execution bit of the file.As a simple programming language, SSI supports only one type: text. Its control flow is rather simple, choice is supported, but loops are not natively supported and can only be done by recursion using include or using HTTP redirect. The simple design of the language makes it easier to learn and use than most server-side scripting languages, while complicated server-side processing is often done with one of the more feature-rich programming languages. SSI is Turing complete.Apache, LiteSpeed, nginx, and IIS are the four major web servers that support this language. SSI has a simple syntax: <!--#directive parameter=value parameter=value -->. Directives are placed in HTML comments so that if SSI is not enabled, users will not see the SSI directives on the page, unless they look at its source. Note that the syntax does not allow spaces between the leading \"<\" and the directive.",
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    "website": "http://www.strlen.com/false-language/",
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    "id": "hr-code",
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    "creators": "Han Tuzun",
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    "country": "Turkey",
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    "id": "ntp",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a networking protocol for clock synchronization between computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks. In operation since before 1985, NTP is one of the oldest Internet protocols in current use. NTP was designed by David L. Mills of the University of Delaware. NTP is intended to synchronize all participating computers to within a few milliseconds of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). It uses the intersection algorithm, a modified version of Marzullo's algorithm, to select accurate time servers and is designed to mitigate the effects of variable network latency. NTP can usually maintain time to within tens of milliseconds over the public Internet, and can achieve better than one millisecond accuracy in local area networks under ideal conditions. Asymmetric routes and network congestion can cause errors of 100 ms or more.The protocol is usually described in terms of a client-server model, but can as easily be used in peer-to-peer relationships where both peers consider the other to be a potential time source. Implementations send and receive timestamps using the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) on port number 123. They can also use broadcasting or multicasting, where clients passively listen to time updates after an initial round-trip calibrating exchange. NTP supplies a warning of any impending leap second adjustment, but no information about local time zones or daylight saving time is transmitted.The current protocol is version 4 (NTPv4), which is a proposed standard as documented in RFC 5905. It is backward compatible with version 3, specified in RFC 1305.",
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    "id": "ext2",
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    "primaryTag": "filesystem",
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    "wikipedia_related": "linux ext ext3 ext4",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The ext2 or second extended file system is a file system for the Linux kernel.  It was initially designed by Rémy Card as a replacement for the extended file system (ext).  Having been designed according to the same principles as the Berkeley Fast File System from BSD, it was the first commercial-grade filesystem for Linux.The canonical implementation of ext2 is the \"ext2fs\" filesystem driver in the Linux kernel. Other implementations (of varying quality and completeness) exist in GNU Hurd, MINIX 3, some BSD kernels, in MiNT, and as third-party Microsoft Windows and macOS drivers. ext2 was the default filesystem in several Linux distributions, including Debian and Red Hat Linux, until supplanted more recently by ext3, which is almost completely compatible with ext2 and is a journaling file system. ext2 is still the filesystem of choice for flash-based storage media (such as SD cards and USB flash drives) because its lack of a journal increases performance and minimizes the number of writes, and flash devices have a limited number of write cycles. However, recent Linux kernels support a journal-less mode of ext4 which provides benefits not found with ext2.",
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    "id": "de-bruijn-index-notation",
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    "creators": "Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "In mathematical logic, the de Bruijn index is a tool invented by the Dutch mathematician Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn for representing terms of lambda calculus without naming the bound variables. Terms written using these indices are invariant with respect to α-conversion, so the check for α-equivalence is the same as that for syntactic equality. Each de Bruijn index is a natural number that represents an occurrence of a variable in a λ-term, and denotes the number of binders that are in scope between that occurrence and its corresponding binder. The following are some examples:  The term λx. λy. x, sometimes called the K combinator, is written as λ λ 2 with De Bruijn indices. The binder for the occurrence x is the second λ in scope. The term λx. λy. λz. x z (y z) (the S combinator), with de Bruijn indices, is λ λ λ 3 1 (2 1). The term λz. (λy. y (λx. x)) (λx. z x) is λ (λ 1 (λ 1)) (λ 2 1). See the following illustration, where the binders are coloured and the references are shown with arrows. De Bruijn indices are commonly used in higher-order reasoning systems such as automated theorem provers and logic programming systems.",
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    "country": "Netherlands",
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    "example": "λ λ λ 3 1 (2 1)",
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    "id": "ldap",
    "name": "Lightweight Directory Access Protocol",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol  (LDAP ) is an open, vendor-neutral, industry standard application protocol for accessing and maintaining distributed directory information services over an Internet Protocol (IP) network.  Directory services play an important role in developing intranet and Internet applications by allowing the sharing of information about users, systems, networks, services, and applications throughout the network.  As examples, directory services may provide any organized set of records, often with a hierarchical structure, such as a corporate email directory.  Similarly, a telephone directory is a list of subscribers with an address and a phone number. LDAP is specified in a series of Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Standard Track publications called Request for Comments (RFCs), using the description language ASN.1. The latest specification is Version 3, published as RFC 4511 (a road map to the technical specifications is provided by RFC4510). A common use of LDAP is to provide a central place to store usernames and passwords. This allows many different applications and services to connect to the LDAP server to validate users.LDAP is based on a simpler subset of the standards contained within the X.500 standard.  Because of this relationship, LDAP is sometimes called X.500-lite.",
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    "lab": "University of Michigan && Isode Limited && Performance Systems International",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "creators": "Iikka Hauhio",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "nativeLanguage": "Finnish",
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    "writtenIn": "python markdown css",
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    "example": " Pienen luvun kertoma on       riippuen siitä, onko se pienempi tai yhtä suuri kuin yksi,       joko yksi       tai pieni luku kerrottuna pienen luvun edeltäjän kertomalla.      Luvun edeltäjä on se vähennettynä yhdellä.      Olkoon pieni muuttuja uusi muuttuja, jonka arvo on nolla.      Kun nykyinen sivu avautuu,       pieneen muuttujaan luetaan luku       ja nykyinen sivu näyttää pienen muuttujan arvon kertoman.",
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    "id": "p-star",
    "name": "P*",
    "appeared": 2013,
    "creators": "Atle Solbakken",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.p-star.org/home",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/P-star/P-star",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "aka": "p-star",
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    "description": "P* (pronounced P-star) is a programming language specifically designed for web development. P* provides easy in-language support for common tasks in this field.",
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    "country": "Norway",
    "example": "#!/usr/bin/wpl -f SCENE main {     /* Create a variable named 'env' of special type 'ENV' */     ENV env;     /* Create a variable named 'path' of type 'string' */     string path;     /* Tell the env variable to retrieve the environment     variable PATH and put the result into our 'path' variable */     path = env->PATH;     /* Put the variable 'path' into a text string and then print it out */     echo \"My shell looks for programs in these directories: $path\\n\"; }",
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  {
    "id": "chill",
    "name": "CHILL",
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    "measurements": 11,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "In computing, CHILL (an acronym for CCITT High Level Language) is a procedural programming language designed for use in telecommunication switches (the hardware used inside telephone exchanges). The language is still used for legacy systems in some telecommunication companies and for signal box programming. The CHILL language is similar in size and complexity to the original Ada language. The first specification of the CHILL language was published in 1980, a few years before Ada. ITU provides a standard CHILL compiler. A free CHILL compiler was bundled with GCC up to version 2.95, however, was removed from later versions. An object-oriented version, called Object CHILL, was developed also. ITU is responsible for the CHILL standard, known as ITU-T Rec. Z.200. The equivalent ISO standard is ISO/IEC 9496:2003. (The text of the two documents is the same). In late 1999 CCITT stopped maintaining the CHILL standard. CHILL was used in systems of Alcatel System 12 and Siemens EWSD, for example.",
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    "lab": "ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Switzerland",
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    "id": "interlisp",
    "name": "Interlisp",
    "appeared": 1966,
    "creators": "Daniel G. Bobrow and Warren Teitelman and Ronald Kaplan",
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    "wikipedia_related": "common-lisp flavors sparc",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Interlisp (also seen with a variety of capitalizations) is a programming environment built around a version of the Lisp programming language. Interlisp development began in 1966 at Bolt, Beranek and Newman in Cambridge, Massachusetts with Lisp implemented for the DEC PDP-1 by Danny Bobrow and D. L. Murphy. In 1970 BBN LISP was designed, which ran on PDP-10 machines running the TENEX operating system. In 1973, when Danny Bobrow, Warren Teitelman and Ronald Kaplan moved from BBN to Xerox PARC, it was renamed Interlisp. Interlisp became a popular Lisp development tool for AI researchers at Stanford University and elsewhere in the DARPA community. Interlisp was notable for the integration of interactive development tools into the environment, such as a debugger, an automatic correction tool for simple errors (DWIM – \"do what I mean\"), and analysis tools.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
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    "creators": "Lépine Kong",
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    "tags": "textMarkup",
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    "description": "The ReAdABLE Human Format aims at Agile Documentation by making WRITING and READING document easier for End User and Developer alike, while allowing a high degree of flexibility. Its primary goal is to generate Markdown (and conversion to other formats in the future) while being even simpler (less code to memorize) and richer (adding meta-data is straightforward and creating new semantics is easy).",
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    "example": "Red [     Title: \"How to Write Good Article\"     Build: 1.0.0.4     Credits: [\"Sibeesh Venu\"]     Owners: [\"Lépine Kong\"]     References: [         https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/article/how-to-write-good-articles/     ]     File: howtowritegoodarticle.red.red     Output-files: [howtowritegoodarticle.red.md]     Categories: [Blogging]     Tags: [Markdown Blogging Writing Documentation Templating Scaffolding]     Dates: [         Creation: 2018-05-12 19:13:42         Update: 2018-05-15 19:09:59     ]     Languages: [\"english\"] ]  Article: [      Title: {How To Write Good Articles}      Source: [         .title: {ReAdABLE Source (version 1.0)}         .text: {[http://readablehumanformat.com/examples/howtowritegoodarticle.red](https://github.com/lepinekong/readablehumanformat/blob/master/examples/howtowritegoodarticle.red)         }         .Published-Url: http://readablehumanformat.com/create.codesnippet.fast     ]      Credit: [         .title: {Credit}         .text: {             [\"How To Write Good Articles\" by *Sibeesh Venu*](https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/article/how-to-write-good-articles/)         }     ]      Point-1: [         .title: {Point 1: Introduction}         .text: {             Replace this paragraph with your own content, guidance and example are kept available in .guidance and .example fields (metadata) within the ReAdABLE source if you need to remember.             *Guidance:*             >An introduction is very important when you write an article. A good introduction can make the reader want to read further. Trust me, it is very useful too. In this part you can describe what exactly you are going to say/do in the rest of the article. It must be brief. And please never use any code blocks in your introduction, that is never meant to be there. This is the part which lets your readers understand where/what exactly you are intending to do.             *Example:*                          >I am neither an expert nor a guru. But still I suppose I have improved by writing articles for the past two years. I still remember my first article, there were so many mistakes. Remember one thing: “Mistakes are the key to success.” Here I will point out a few things which I follow while writing articles. Please feel free to add your own points to this article. I hope you will like this.         }          .image: https://i.imgur.com/rNmBuuv.png          .guidance: {             An introduction is very important when you write an article. A good introduction can make the reader want to read further. Trust me, it is very useful too. In this part you can describe what exactly you are going to say/do in the rest of the article. It must be brief. And please never use any code blocks in your introduction, that is never meant to be there. This is the part which lets your readers understand where/what exactly you are intending to do.         }         .example: {             I am neither an expert nor a guru. But still I suppose I have improved by writing articles for the past two years. I still remember my first article, there were so many mistakes. Remember one thing: “Mistakes are the key to success.” Here I will point out a few things which I follow while writing articles. Please feel free to add your own points to this article. I hope you will like this.         }     ]      Point-2: [          .title: {Point 2: Background}         .text: {             In this part, you can explain what made you write this article. You can explain the problems you faced here, or when you had this problem. This should be brief too, here you can also include source code. Please do remember that this is just the background, so it is not advisable to include full source code and explain it here.         }         .guidance: {             In this part, you can explain what made you write this article. You can explain the problems you faced here, or when you had this problem. This should be brief too, here you can also include source code. Please do remember that this is just the background, so it is not advisable to include full source code and explain it here.         }         .example: {             Example: Last week one of my friends asked this question: \"How do you write good articles?\" I am dedicating this article to him. I hope he will like this.         }     ]      Point-3: [         .title: {Point 3: What are you going to do?}         .text: {             Here you can explain the things which you are going to do in this article. You can list them for better readability. You can explain these points one by one. You can also add some code snippets. But whenever you add any code, please try to explain even if it is basic. That will help some beginners to understand things more easily. You may feel that this basic explanation is not necessary as you have so much experience and you may be good at it. But what about the beginners? I always believe they are the real beneficiaries of your articles. We must concentrate on both kinds of users; i.e., beginners and experienced.         }         .image: https://csharpcorner-mindcrackerinc.netdna-ssl.com/article/how-to-write-good-articles/Images/What-you-are-going-to-do.jpg          .guidance: {             Here you can explain the things which you are going to do in this article. You can list them for better readability. You can explain these points one by one. You can also add some code snippets. But whenever you add any code, please try to explain even if it is basic. That will help some beginners to understand things more easily. You may feel that this basic explanation is not necessary as you have so much experience and you may be good at it. But what about the beginners? I always believe they are the real beneficiaries of your articles. We must concentrate on both kinds of users; i.e., beginners and experienced.         }       ]      Point-4: [         .title: {Point 4: How are you going to do it?}         .text: {             This can be the continuation of point three. This is where you can explain the possible ways that you can fix your problem, or the possible ways to achieve the same tasks. Any tasks can be achieved in different ways right? So when you write any article, you must think from all perspectives.             This will make your article rich in content. And this is where you must concentrate more on the coding part. When you write code in your article, it must be formatted well. If you use WordPress as a CMS (Content Management System) for your blog, you can go for any syntax highlighter plugins, or you can customize your own. If you post the article in any of the social communities, please use their formatting options.             If you have any images which explain the workflow for any tasks, it is always advisable to include those. An image is more understandable than reading the content, but always limit yourself to not include more than 10 images per article. When you include the images, please try to convert them to a particular size (example: width: 650 PX), this will make your article look good. But no worries if you have a low resolution image, and if you think enlarging that will cause any clarity issues, you can always use the same without conversion.             One thing you must remember is that you can always include all the things you have tried and what the output was that you got from it. If you do so, your reader will see that if he or she does that, they will get the same output. So it is not only about the the scenario which works fine, but also about the errors/problems.         }         .guidance: {             This can be the continuation of point three. This is where you can explain the possible ways that you can fix your problem, or the possible ways to achieve the same tasks. Any tasks can be achieved in different ways right? So when you write any article, you must think from all perspectives.             This will make your article rich in content. And this is where you must concentrate more on the coding part. When you write code in your article, it must be formatted well. If you use WordPress as a CMS (Content Management System) for your blog, you can go for any syntax highlighter plugins, or you can customize your own. If you post the article in any of the social communities, please use their formatting options.             If you have any images which explain the workflow for any tasks, it is always advisable to include those. An image is more understandable than reading the content, but always limit yourself to not include more than 10 images per article. When you include the images, please try to convert them to a particular size (example: width: 650 PX), this will make your article look good. But no worries if you have a low resolution image, and if you think enlarging that will cause any clarity issues, you can always use the same without conversion.             One thing you must remember is that you can always include all the things you have tried and what the output was that you got from it. If you do so, your reader will see that if he or she does that, they will get the same output. So it is not only about the the scenario which works fine, but also about the errors/problems.         }      ]      Point-5: [          .title: {Point 5: Always include output}         .text: {             An output is the outcome of what we tried, right? So what if you don't include that? Isn’t that bad? You can include the output as an image or any content. It can be any result set too.         }         .guidance: {             An output is the outcome of what we tried, right? So what if you don't include that? Isn’t that bad? You can include the output as an image or any content. It can be any result set too.         }     ]      Point-6: [         .title: {Point 6: Include source code as a downloadable format}         .text: {             Please add source code as a downloadable format whenever possible. This will definitely help your reader, so that he/she doesn’t need to worry about the initial set up. We all are a community, guys, and we love helping each other. Am I right?         }         .guidance: {             Please add source code as a downloadable format whenever possible. This will definitely help your reader, so that he/she doesn’t need to worry about the initial set up. We all are a community, guys, and we love helping each other. Am I right?         }     ]      Point-7: [         .title: {Point 7: Format the entire content}         .text: {             There are so many things you must concentrate on when it comes to formatting. I am listing a few of them here.             - Use the same font for the entire article             - Use bold for the headings             - Highlight the lines, if it is very important (Example: Notes)             - Use code formatter when you write codes             - Resize and align images properly             - Make sure that that headings start with a capital letter (CamelCasing)         }         .guidance: {             There are so many things you must concentrate on when it comes to formatting. I am listing a few of them here.             - Use the same font for the entire article             - Use bold for the headings             - Highlight the lines, if it is very important (Example: Notes)             - Use code formatter when you write codes             - Resize and align images properly             - Make sure that that headings start with a capital letter (CamelCasing)         }     ]      Point-8: [          .title: {Point 8: Give credit}         .text: {             This is very important. Whenever you take something from any site, please try to give credit to the content owner by providing the links/name. For example, if you are taking an image from any site, you can include the site name just below the image. Trust me, this will make you genuine. And in the end, it is all about being genuine right?         }         .guidance: {             This is very important. Whenever you take something from any site, please try to give credit to the content owner by providing the links/name. For example, if you are taking an image from any site, you can include the site name just below the image. Trust me, this will make you genuine. And in the end, it is all about being genuine right?         }     ]      Point-9: [          .title: {Point 9: Write a conclusion}         .text: {             The conclusion is the last part of your article; you can summarize the things you have written here. And also if you want, you can always ask some questions to your readers so that the bond between you and your readers will be in multibind format (Yes, like we have in Angular JS. LOL). You can always ask for feedback; feedback is something that we all are looking for. Each and every piece of feedback is valuable whether it is negative or positive. If you get any negative feedback, be happy and try to improve on the things that are being suggested.             In a speech in South Africa in 1890 Mahatma Gandhi said this:             * * “A customer is the most important visitor on our premises. He is not dependent on us. We are dependent on him. He is not an interruption of our work. He is the purpose of it. He is not an outsider of our business. He is part of it. We are not doing him a favour by serving him. He is doing us a favour by giving us the opportunity to do so.”         }         .guidance: {             The conclusion is the last part of your article; you can summarize the things you have written here. And also if you want, you can always ask some questions to your readers so that the bond between you and your readers will be in multibind format (Yes, like we have in Angular JS. LOL). You can always ask for feedback; feedback is something that we all are looking for. Each and every piece of feedback is valuable whether it is negative or positive. If you get any negative feedback, be happy and try to improve on the things that are being suggested.             In a speech in South Africa in 1890 Mahatma Gandhi said this:             * * “A customer is the most important visitor on our premises. He is not dependent on us. We are dependent on him. He is not an interruption of our work. He is the purpose of it. He is not an outsider of our business. He is part of it. We are not doing him a favour by serving him. He is doing us a favour by giving us the opportunity to do so.”         }     ] ]  unless exists? lib: %lib/ReAdABLE.Human.Format.lib.red [     lib: http://readablehumanformat.com/lib.red ]  do read lib do read .to-file \"C:\\rebol\\.system.user\\.code\\.domains\\.apps\\Authoring\\libraries\\.system.user.apps.authoring.library.red\"  markdown-gen  ; deploy to .github local workspace try [     .copy-file %howtowritegoodarticle.red     .copy-file %howtowritegoodarticle.md ]",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/lepinekong/readablehumanformat",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2022|Packt Publishing|Crystal Programming: A project-based introduction to building efficient, safe, and readable web and CLI applications|Dietrich, George and Bernal, Guilherme|9781801818674\\n2019-01-25T00:00:01Z|Packt Publishing|Hands-On Data Structures and Algorithms with Rust: Learn programming techniques to build effective, maintainable, and readable code in Rust 2018|Matzinger, Claus|9781788995528\\n2012|O'Reilly Media|Maintainable JavaScript: Writing Readable Code|Zakas, Nicholas C.|9781449327682\\n19940406|World Scientific Publishing|Machine Proofs In Geometry: Automated Production Of Readable Proofs For Geometry Theorems|ShangChing Chou; XiaoShan Gao; JingZhong Zhang|9789812798152"
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    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/wu-lang/wu",
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  {
    "id": "ambienttalk",
    "name": "AmbientTalk",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://code.google.com/p/ambienttalk",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1827,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21128,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "ambient.py",
    "lab": "Vrije Universiteit",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "at",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 18,
    "country": "Belgium",
    "example": "when: ChatService discovered: { |chatService| when: chatService<-login(roomID, username) becomes: { |chatRoom| chatRoom<-chat(\"hello world\"); // async message send whenever: chatRoom disconnected: { system.println(\"you're offline\"); }; whenever: chatRoom reconnected: { system.println(\"you're online again\"); }; }; };",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "AmbientTalk",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2005|Ambient-oriented programming in ambientTalk|10.1145/1094855.1094879|131|5|J. Dedecker and T. V. Cutsem and S. Mostinckx and T. D'Hondt and W. Meuter|8d81b3c02aa72bcdca559e0452947d24bfb7e3e1\\n2009|Mirror‐based reflection in AmbientTalk|10.1002/spe.909|23|1|S. Mostinckx and T. V. Cutsem and Stijn Timbermont and E. G. Boix and É. Tanter and W. Meuter|aadc488a4501dec96557a637b5d49f456d0a570b"
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  {
    "id": "atomese",
    "name": "Atomese",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "creators": "Linas Vepstas",
    "measurements": 17,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://wiki.opencog.org/w/Atomese",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1828,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21128,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "Atomese was originally intended to be a language for knowledge representation (KR): that is, a way of encoding facts and hypothesis, in a machine-readable way, such that the knowledge can be manipulated, data-mined, reasoned with. This language subset was vaguely inspired by Prolog and Datalog. More correctly, it was constructed by layering concepts from mathematical logic onto a graph database: representing logical, symbolic statements as graphs.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Atomese was originally intended to be a language for knowledge representation (KR): that is, a way of encoding facts and hypothesis, in a machine-readable way, such that the knowledge can be manipulated, data-mined, reasoned with. This language subset was vaguely inspired by Prolog and Datalog. More correctly, it was constructed by layering concepts from mathematical logic onto a graph database: representing logical, symbolic statements as graphs.",
    "lab": "OpenCog Foundation",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Atomese was originally intended to be a language for knowledge representation (KR): that is, a way of encoding facts and hypothesis, in a machine-readable way, such that the knowledge can be manipulated, data-mined, reasoned with. This language subset was vaguely inspired by Prolog and Datalog. More correctly, it was constructed by layering concepts from mathematical logic onto a graph database: representing logical, symbolic statements as graphs.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 18,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "Various",
    "reference": "https://opencog.org/",
    "example": "(define find-animals   (BindLink     ;; The variable to be bound     (VariableNode \"$var\")     ;; The pattern to be searched for     (InheritanceLink        (VariableNode \"$var\")        (ConceptNode \"animal\")     )     ;; The value to be returned.     (VariableNode \"$var\")   ) ) ;; Run the above pattern (cog-bind find-animals)",
    "lineCommentToken": ";",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "glbasic",
    "name": "GLBasic",
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    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.glbasic.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1829,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21124,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "domainName_registered": 2003,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2014,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic linux c opengl ios android sdlbasic fenix-project",
    "wikipedia_summary": "GLBasic is a commercial BASIC programming language that can compile to various platforms including Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, as well as some handheld devices. The language is designed to be simple and intuitive.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 16,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 111,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 171,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 19628971,
    "lab": "Dream Design Entertainment Software",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 101,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:GLBasic",
    "country": "Unknown",
    "wikipedia_example": "FUNCTION add: v AS Tvec    INC self.x, v.x    INC self.y, v.y    INC self.z, v.z   END FUNCTION  END TYPE",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GLBasic",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "glbasic.com"
  },
  {
    "id": "jazz",
    "name": "Jazz",
    "appeared": 2019,
    "creators": "playXE",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.1.0",
    "rank": 1830,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 21124,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/jazz-lang/Jazz",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2019,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2019,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 7,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 88,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2019,
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    "repoStats_commits": 209,
    "repoStats_committers": 3,
    "repoStats_files": 53,
    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 7221,
    "lab": "https://github.com/jazz-lang",
    "writtenIn": "markdown rust toml",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 101,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 14,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "Uzbekistan",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/jazz-lang/Jazz",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "snobol4",
    "name": "SNOBOL4",
    "appeared": 1967,
    "creators": "David J. Farber and Ralph E. Griswold",
    "measurements": 15,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.regressive.org/snobol4/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1831,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 21121,
    "hoplId": 303,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "s-snobol",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "lab": "Bell Labs",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 17,
    "supersetOf": "snobol3",
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#snobol4",
    "docs": "https://www.regressive.org/snobol4/docs/burks/manual/contents.htm",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:SNOBOL4",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/32d6dba909eeb71b93305b407c0332fce43ecc7b",
    "hasComments": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=303"
  },
  {
    "id": "cloud-firestore-security-rules",
    "name": "Cloud Firestore Security Rules",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "application",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1832,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21116,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "githubLanguage_filenames": "firestore.rules",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "less",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "css",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/css",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.firestore",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 22,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2017,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
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    "lab": "Google",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 200,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://firebase.google.com/docs/reference/rules/rules",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "service cloud.firestore {   match /databases/{database}/documents {     match /activities/{activity} {        allow create: if isSignedIn()                     && isOwner(incomingData().authorId)                     && isValidActivity(incomingData())                     && hasAllowedActivityFieldsForCreate(incomingData());        allow read, delete: if isSignedIn()                           && isOwner(existingData().authorId);        allow update: if isSignedIn()                     && isOwner(existingData().authorId)                     && isValidActivity(incomingData())                     && hasAllowedActivityFieldsForUpdate(incomingData());      }     match /skills/{skill} {        allow create: if isSignedIn()                     && isOwner(incomingData().authorId)                     && isValidSkill(incomingData())                     && hasAllowedSkillFieldsForCreate(incomingData());        allow read, delete: if isSignedIn()                           && isOwner(existingData().authorId);        allow update: if isSignedIn()                     && isOwner(existingData().authorId)                     && isValidSkill(incomingData())                     && hasAllowedSkillFieldsForUpdate(incomingData());      }     match /activities-skills/{activitySkill} {        allow create: if isSignedIn()                     && isOwner(incomingData().authorId)                     && isValidActivitySkill(incomingData())                     && hasAllowedActivitySkillFieldsForCreate(incomingData());        allow read, delete: if isSignedIn()                           && isOwner(existingData().authorId);        allow update: if isSignedIn()                     && isOwner(existingData().authorId)                     && isValidActivitySkill(incomingData())                     && hasAllowedActivitySkillFieldsForUpdate(incomingData());      }      /// Functions ///     function isSignedIn() {       return request.auth != null;     }     function isOwner(userId) {       return request.auth.uid == userId;     }     function existingData() {       return resource.data;     }     function incomingData() {       return request.resource.data;     }     function isValidActivity(activity) {       return activity.title is string        && activity.title.size() > 3         && activity.title.size() < 250         && activity.summary is string         && (activity.audienceCountMin is int || activity.audienceCountMin == null)         && (activity.audienceCountMax is int || activity.audienceCountMax == null)         && (activity.audienceAgeMin is int || activity.audienceAgeMin == null)         && (activity.audienceAgeMax is int || activity.audienceAgeMax == null)         && activity.lastUpdateDate.date() is timestamp;     }     function hasAllowedActivityFieldsForUpdate(activity) {       return activity.keys().size() == 9 && activity.keys().hasAll(['authorId', 'title', 'summary', 'audienceCountMin', 'audienceCountMax', 'audienceAgeMin', 'audienceAgeMax', 'lastUpdateDate']);     }     function hasAllowedActivityFieldsForCreate(activity) {       return activity.keys().size() == 8 && activity.keys().hasAll(['authorId', 'title', 'summary', 'audienceCountMin', 'audienceCountMax', 'audienceAgeMin', 'audienceAgeMax', 'lastUpdateDate']);     }      function isValidSkill(skill) {       return skill.title is string         && skill.title.size() > 3         && skill.title.size() < 250         && skill.summary is string         && skill.lastUpdateDate.date() is timestamp;     }     function hasAllowedSkillFieldsForUpdate(skill) {       return skill.keys().size() == 5 && skill.keys().hasAll(['authorId', 'title', 'summary', 'lastUpdateDate']);     }     function hasAllowedSkillFieldsForCreate(skill) {       return skill.keys().size() == 4 && skill.keys().hasAll(['authorId', 'title', 'summary', 'lastUpdateDate']);     }     function isValidActivitySkill(activitySkill) {       return activitySkill.skillId is string         && activitySkill.activityId is string;     }     function hasAllowedActivitySkillFieldsForUpdate(activitySkill) {       return activitySkill.keys().size() == 4 && activitySkill.keys().hasAll(['authorId', 'skillId', 'activityId']);     }     function hasAllowedActivitySkillFieldsForCreate(activitySkill) {       return activitySkill.keys().size() == 3 && activitySkill.keys().hasAll(['authorId', 'skillId', 'activityId']);     }   } }",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/jaysquared/atom-firestore-grammar",
    "githubLanguage": "Cloud Firestore Security Rules"
  },
  {
    "id": "conll-u",
    "name": "CoNLL-U",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "application",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1833,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21116,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "CoNLL or CoNLL-X",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "text.conllu",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 7,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 3,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 2,
    "lab": "https://github.com/UniversalDependencies",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "conllu conll",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 200,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Various",
    "reference": "http://universaldependencies.org/format.html",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# newdoc id = weblog-blogspot.com_zentelligence_20040423000200_ENG_20040423_000200 # sent_id = weblog-blogspot.com_zentelligence_20040423000200_ENG_20040423_000200-0001 # text = What if Google Morphed Into GoogleOS? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 0 root 0:root _ 2 if if SCONJ IN _ 4 mark 4:mark _ 3 Google Google PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj 4:nsubj _ 4 Morphed morph VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 1 advcl 1:advcl _ 5 Into into ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _ 6 GoogleOS GoogleOS PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl 4:obl SpaceAfter=No 7 ? ? PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _  # sent_id = weblog-blogspot.com_zentelligence_20040423000200_ENG_20040423_000200-0002 # text = What if Google expanded on its search-engine (and now e-mail) wares into a full-fledged operating system? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 0 root 0:root _ 2 if if SCONJ IN _ 4 mark 4:mark _ 3 Google Google PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj 4:nsubj _ 4 expanded expand VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 1 advcl 1:advcl _ 5 on on ADP IN _ 15 case 15:case _ 6 its its PRON PRP$ Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss 15:nmod:poss _ 7 search search NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound 9:compound SpaceAfter=No 8 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 9 punct 9:punct SpaceAfter=No 9 engine engine NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 compound 15:compound _ 10 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 9 punct 9:punct SpaceAfter=No 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc 13:cc _ 12 now now ADV RB _ 13 advmod 13:advmod _ 13 e-mail e-mail NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 conj 9:conj SpaceAfter=No 14 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 15 punct 15:punct _ 15 wares wares NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl 4:obl _ 16 into into ADP IN _ 22 case 22:case _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det 22:det _ 18 full full ADV RB _ 20 advmod 20:advmod SpaceAfter=No 19 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 20 punct 20:punct SpaceAfter=No 20 fledged fledged ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod 22:amod _ 21 operating operating NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound 22:compound _ 22 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl 4:obl SpaceAfter=No 23 ? ? PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _  # sent_id = weblog-blogspot.com_zentelligence_20040423000200_ENG_20040423_000200-0003 # text = [via Microsoft Watch from Mary Jo Foley ] 1 [ [ PUNCT -LRB- _ 4 punct 4:punct SpaceAfter=No 2 via via ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case _ 3 Microsoft Microsoft PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 compound 4:compound _ 4 Watch Watch PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _ 6 Mary Mary PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod 4:nmod _ 7 Jo Jo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 flat 6:flat _ 8 Foley Foley PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 flat 6:flat _ 9 ] ] PUNCT -RRB- _ 4 punct 4:punct _  # newdoc id = weblog-blogspot.com_marketview_20050511222700_ENG_20050511_222700 # sent_id = weblog-blogspot.com_marketview_20050511222700_ENG_20050511_222700-0001 # text = (And, by the way, is anybody else just a little nostalgic for the days when that was a good thing?) 1 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 14 punct 14:punct SpaceAfter=No 2 And and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc 14:cc SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct 14:punct _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det _ 6 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl 14:obl SpaceAfter=No 7 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct 14:punct _ 8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop 14:cop _ 9 anybody anybody PRON NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj 14:nsubj _ 10 else else ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod 9:amod _ 11 just just ADV RB _ 13 advmod 13:advmod _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det 13:det _ 13 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 obl:npmod 14:obl:npmod _ 14 nostalgic nostalgic NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root _ 15 for for ADP IN _ 17 case 17:case _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det 17:det _ 17 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nmod 14:nmod _ 18 when when ADV WRB PronType=Rel 23 advmod 23:advmod _ 19 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 23 nsubj 23:nsubj _ 20 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop 23:cop _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det 23:det _ 22 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod 23:amod _ 23 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 acl:relcl 17:acl:relcl SpaceAfter=No 24 ? ? PUNCT . _ 14 punct 14:punct SpaceAfter=No 25 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 14 punct 14:punct _  # sent_id = weblog-blogspot.com_marketview_20050511222700_ENG_20050511_222700-0002 # text = This BuzzMachine post argues that Google's rush toward ubiquity might backfire -- which we've all heard before, but it's particularly well-put in this post. 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det _ 2 BuzzMachine BuzzMachine PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound _ 3 post post NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj 4:nsubj _ 4 argues argue VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _ 5 that that SCONJ IN _ 12 mark 12:mark _ 6 Google Google PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod:poss 8:nmod:poss SpaceAfter=No 7 's 's PART POS _ 6 case 6:case _ 8 rush rush NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj 12:nsubj _ 9 toward toward ADP IN _ 10 case 10:case _ 10 ubiquity ubiquity NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod 8:nmod _ 11 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 12 aux 12:aux _ 12 backfire backfire VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 ccomp 4:ccomp _ 13 -- -- PUNCT , _ 12 punct 12:punct _ 14 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 18 obj 18:obj _ 15 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj 18:nsubj SpaceAfter=No 16 've have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux 18:aux _ 17 all all ADV RB _ 18 advmod 18:advmod _ 18 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 12 acl:relcl 12:acl:relcl _ 19 before before ADV RB _ 18 advmod 18:advmod SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct 27:punct _ 21 but but CCONJ CC _ 27 cc 27:cc _ 22 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj:pass 27:nsubj:pass SpaceAfter=No 23 's be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux:pass 27:aux:pass _ 24 particularly particularly ADV RB _ 27 advmod 27:advmod _ 25 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 27 advmod 27:advmod SpaceAfter=No 26 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 27 punct 27:punct SpaceAfter=No 27 put put VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 conj 4:conj _ 28 in in ADP IN _ 30 case 30:case _ 29 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 30 det 30:det _ 30 post post NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl 27:obl SpaceAfter=No 31 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct 4:punct _  # sent_id = weblog-blogspot.com_marketview_20050511222700_ENG_20050511_222700-0003 # text = Google is a nice search engine. 1 Google Google PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj 6:nsubj _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop 6:cop _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det _ 4 nice nice ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod 6:amod _ 5 search search NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound 6:compound _ 6 engine engine NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root SpaceAfter=No 7 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct 6:punct _",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/odanoburu/conllu-linguist-grammar",
    "githubLanguage": "CoNLL-U"
  },
  {
    "id": "figlet-font",
    "name": "FIGlet Font",
    "appeared": 1991,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "application",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1834,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21116,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "FIGfont",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.figfont",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 51,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 1,
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    "lab": "http://www.figlet.org",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "flf",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 200,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Unknown",
    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIGlet",
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    "id": "futurescript",
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    "country": "Thailand",
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    "id": "ciao-programming-language",
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    "wikipedia_related": "unix prolog c java",
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    "id": "bebasic",
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    "country": "China",
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    "id": "blur-markup-language",
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    "creators": "Andrew Yoon",
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    "tags": "textMarkup",
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    "id": "zonnon",
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Another notation is                         a         [         n         ]         b                 {\\displaystyle a[n]b}   , an infix notation which is convenient for ASCII. The notation                         a         [         n         ]         b                 {\\displaystyle a[n]b}    is known as 'square bracket notation'. Knuth's up-arrow notation                         ↑                 {\\displaystyle \\uparrow }    is an alternative notation. It is obtained by replacing                         [         n         ]                 {\\displaystyle [n]}    in the square bracket notation by n-2 arrows. For example:  the single arrow                         ↑                 {\\displaystyle \\uparrow }    represents exponentiation (iterated multiplication)                        2         ↑         4         =                    H                        3                             (         2         ,         4         )         =         2         [         3         ]         4         =         2         ×         (         2         ×         (         2         ×         2         )         )         =                    2                        4                             =         16                 {\\displaystyle 2\\uparrow 4=H_{3}(2,4)=2[3]4=2\\times (2\\times (2\\times 2))=2^{4}=16}   the double arrow                         ↑↑                 {\\displaystyle \\uparrow \\uparrow }    represents tetration (iterated exponentiation)                        2         ↑↑         4         =                    H                        4                             (         2         ,         4         )         =         2         [         4         ]         4         =         2         ↑         (         2         ↑         (         2         ↑         2         )         )         =                    2                                       2                                                   2                                        2                                                                                             =         65536                 {\\displaystyle 2\\uparrow \\uparrow 4=H_{4}(2,4)=2[4]4=2\\uparrow (2\\uparrow (2\\uparrow 2))=2^{2^{2^{2}}}=65536}   the triple arrow                         ↑↑↑                 {\\displaystyle \\uparrow \\uparrow \\uparrow }    represents pentation (iterated tetration)                                                                                2                 ↑↑↑                 4                 =                                    H                                        5                                                     (                 2                 ,                 4                 )                 =                 2                 [                 5                 ]                 4                                                                =                 2                 ↑↑                 (                 2                 ↑↑                 (                 2                 ↑↑                 2                 )                 )                                                                                                         =                 2                 ↑↑                 (                 2                 ↑↑                 (                 2                 ↑                 2                 )                 )                                                                                                         =                 2                 ↑↑                 (                 2                 ↑↑                 4                 )                                                                                                         =                                                                                2                       ↑                       (                       2                       ↑                       (                       2                       ↑                       …                       )                       )                                          ⏟                                                                                                                            2                 ↑↑                 4                                                          copies of                                                      2                                                                 {\\displaystyle {\\begin{aligned}2\\uparrow \\uparrow \\uparrow 4=H_{5}(2,4)=2[5]4&=2\\uparrow \\uparrow (2\\uparrow \\uparrow (2\\uparrow \\uparrow 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                          {\\displaystyle \\uparrow ^{n}}    stands for n arrows, so for example                         2         ↑↑↑↑         3         =         2                    ↑                        4                             3                 {\\displaystyle 2\\uparrow \\uparrow \\uparrow \\uparrow 3=2\\uparrow ^{4}3}   .",
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    "example": "2↑4 = 2 ^ 4 = 16 2↑↑4 = 2 ^ (2 ^ 4) = 65536 2↑↑↑4 = 2 ^ (2 ^ (2 ^ 4)) = 2 ^ 65536",
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    "id": "automath",
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    "creators": "Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn",
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    "id": "cane",
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    "id": "fork-lang",
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    "id": "mycroft",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Quicken Interchange Format (QIF) is an open specification for reading and writing financial data to media (i.e. files).",
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    "description": "Kerf is a columnar tick database and time-series language for Linux/OSX/BSD/iOS/Android. It is written in C and natively speaks JSON and SQL. Kerf can be used for trading platforms, feedhandlers, low-latency networking, high-volume analysis of realtime and historical data, logfile processing, and more.",
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    "id": "sporth",
    "name": "sporth",
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    "description": "A small stack-based audio language.",
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    "id": "mewmew",
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    "lab": "https://github.com/bauripalash/mewmew/issues",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 88,
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    "id": "devil",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 1879,
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    "hoplId": 6202,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_related": "opengl",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Developer's Image Library or DevIL started by Denton Woods, is a cross-platform image library which aims to provide a common API for different image file formats. It consists of three parts: the main library (IL), the utility library (ILU) and the utility toolkit (ILUT), mirroring the corresponding parts of OpenGL (although the OpenGL Utility Toolkit is not part of the OpenGL specification).It was originally called OpenIL; the name was changed at a request from Silicon Graphics, Inc.DevIL currently supports 43 file formats for reading and 17 for writing; among those with read-write support are BMP, DDS, JPEG, PCX, PNG, raw, TGA, and TIFF. The actual supported formats depend on compilation settings, in particular, external libraries like libjpeg and libpng.On June 9, 2010, Woods announced that he had submitted a request to change the licensing terms from the GNU LGPL to a BSD license. According to the website (as well as the source repository), DevIL is still licensed under the terms of the LGPL. DevIl is listed in the directory of the Free Software Foundation as Free Software.",
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    "id": "parlog",
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    "creators": "Steve Gregory and Keith L. Clark",
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    "example": "mode qsort(list?,sorted_list^). qsort([N|Rest],Sorted) <- partition(N,Rest,LessN,MoreN), qsort(LessN,SortedLess), qsort(MoreN,SortedMore), append(SortedLess,[N|SortedMore],Sorted). qsort([],[]).",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1049",
    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nProgramming In Parlog|1989|Tom Conlon|4758737|0.0|0|0\\nParlog as a System Progrmming Language||- -|66253993|0.0|0|0\\nParlog as a System Progrmming Language||- -|66253992|0.0|0|0\\nParallel Logic Programming in Parlog: The Language and Its Implementation|1987|Steve Gregory|3574744|2.00|1|0"
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    "id": "taijilang",
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    "creators": "Simeon Chaos",
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    "website": "https://github.com/taijiweb/taijilang",
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    "latestVersion": "0.1.0",
    "rank": 1881,
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    "writtenInCount": 7,
    "pldbScore": 21043,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/taijiweb/taijilang",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2014,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2023,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 14,
    "githubRepo_forks": 6,
    "githubRepo_stars": 65,
    "githubRepo_issues": 0,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2014,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2015,
    "repoStats_commits": 96,
    "repoStats_committers": 2,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 36971,
    "writtenIn": "javascript coffeescript markdown json html css yaml",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 87,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 18,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "country": "Unknown",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/taijiweb/taijilang",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "titan",
    "name": "titan",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://titan-lang.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1882,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 21040,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/titan-lang/titan",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2017,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2017,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 33,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 406,
    "githubRepo_issues": 14,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2017,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2019,
    "repoStats_commits": 1144,
    "repoStats_committers": 13,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 1493,
    "domainName_registered": 2021,
    "writtenIn": "lua markdown c yaml",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 460,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/titan-lang/titan",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "titan-lang.org"
  },
  {
    "id": "menhir",
    "name": "Menhir",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "creators": "Francois Pottier and Yann Regis-Gianas",
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "website": "https://gallium.inria.fr/~fpottier/menhir/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1883,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 12,
    "pldbScore": 21040,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://gitlab.inria.fr/fpottier/menhir",
    "primaryTag": "grammarLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2013,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 3901,
    "repoStats_committers": 24,
    "repoStats_files": 4871,
    "repoStats_mb": 104,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 10950036,
    "description": "Menhir is a LR(1) parser generator for the OCaml programming language.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Menhir is a LR(1) parser generator for the OCaml programming language.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Menhir is a LR(1) parser generator for the OCaml programming language.",
    "writtenIn": "expect ocaml markdown html make coq tex bourne-shell diff css r lisp",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 25,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 27,
    "influencedBy": "yacc",
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "docs": "https://gallium.inria.fr/~fpottier/menhir/manual.html",
    "emailList": "https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/info/menhir",
    "gitRepo": "https://gitlab.inria.fr/fpottier/menhir",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "dataflex",
    "name": "Dataflex",
    "appeared": 1982,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1884,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21038,
    "hoplId": 2448,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "d/DataFlex",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 33,
    "lab": "Data Access Worldwide",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 185,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "http://www.dataflex.wiki/index.php/DataFlex",
    "leachim6_example": "/tela  Hello World  /*  clearscreen  page tela ",
    "leachim6": "DataFlex",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DataFlex",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2448"
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  {
    "id": "dolittle",
    "name": "Dolittle",
    "appeared": 1952,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://dolittle.eplang.jp/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1885,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21037,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "nativeLanguage": "Japanese",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1952,
    "wikipedia_related": "logo arduino java",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Dolittle (Japanese ドリトル doritoru) is a programming language developed at the Osaka Electro-Communication University . Unlike the majority of programming languages it uses keywords based on Japanese and written in Japanese script. It is named after the character Dr Dolittle. It is easier for learners whose native language is Japanese to make early progress in understanding programming.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2013,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 5,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 21,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 40592324,
    "lab": "Osaka Electro-Communication University",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 86,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Japan",
    "wikipedia_example": "かめ太＝タートル！作る。  カメ＝タートル！　作る。  時計＝タイマー！　作る　0.1秒　間隔　500回　回数。 時計！　「かめ太！　１０　歩く」　実行。  左＝ボタン！”左”作る。 左：動作＝「かめ太！　２０　左回り」。  右＝ボタン！”右”作る。 右：動作＝「かめ太！　10　右回り」。",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolittle_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "dolittle.eplang.jp"
  },
  {
    "id": "jsl",
    "name": "JSL",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 20,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1886,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21036,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "jmp",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "JMP Scripting Language",
    "lab": "JMP Statistical Discovery LLC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 30,
    "related": "jmp r sas spss stata matlab",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.433.6634&rep=rep1&type=pdf",
    "example": "a=\"Hello\"; b=\" \"; c=\"World\"; a||b||c; // \"Hello World\"",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasMultiLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "motif-software",
    "name": "Motif",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1887,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 21031,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2017,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux unix unicode",
    "wikipedia_summary": "In computing, Motif refers to both a graphical user interface (GUI) specification and the widget toolkit for building applications that follow that specification under the X Window System on Unix and Unix-like operating systems. Motif is the toolkit for the Common Desktop Environment and IRIX Interactive Desktop, thus it was the standard widget toolkit for Unix. Closely related to Motif is the Motif Window Manager (MWM). After many years as proprietary software, Motif was released in 2012, as free software under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL).",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 86,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 273,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 192,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 222551,
    "lab": "Open Software Foundation",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 450,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motif_(software)",
    "bookCount": 19,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1998|Sigs|Using Motif With C++ (sigs: Advances In Object Technology)|Daniel J. Bernstein|9780132073905\\n1992|Digital Press|Motif Programming: The Essentials... and More (HP Technologies)|Brain, Marshall|9781555580896\\n1994|O'Reilly Media|Volume 6C: Motif Tools: Streamlined GUI Design and Programming with the Xmt Library|Flanagan, David|9781565920446\\n1992|McGraw-Hill|Motif Programming in the X Window System Environment (The Unix/C)|Parrette, William A.|9780070317222\\n1993|O'Reilly Media|Motif Programming Manual, Vol 6A (Definitive Guides to the X Window System)|Brennan, David and Heller, Dan and Ferguson, Paula|9781565920163\\n1992|O'Reilly Media|X Toolkit Intrinsics Prog Vol 4M: Motif Edition (Definitive Guides to the X Window System)|Nye, Adrian and O'Reilly, Tim|9781565920132\\n1992|Digital Press|X Window Sytem, Third Edition: The Complete Reference to Xlib, X Protocol, ICCM, XLFD, X Version 11, Release 5 (Digital Press X and Motif Series)|Rosenthal, David and Flowers, Jim and Scheifler, Robert and Gettys, James|9781555580889\\n|O'Reilly Media|Motif Programming Manual (Definitive Guides to the X Window System)||9780937175705\\n1993T|MIS Press|Power programming-- Motif|Foster-Johnson, Eric|9781558283220\\n1998|New York : SIGS Books, c1995.|Objectifying Motif|Charles F. Bowman|9780132344364\\n1991|Mis Pr|Power Programming Motif|Eric F. Johnson and Kevin Reichard|9781558280618\\n1993|Mis Pr|Power Programming... Motif|Eric F. Johnson and Kevin Reichard|9781558283190\\n1992|Springer Verlag|Programming With Motif|Keith D. Gregory|9783540978770\\n||Motif Programming Manual|Dan Heller and Paula M. Ferguson|9780596000431\\n1994|Prentice Hall|Advanced Motif Programming Techniques|Alistair George and Mark Riches|9780132199650\\n1992|Digital Press|Motif Programming: The Essentials... And More (digital Press X & Motif Series)|Marshall Brain|9780134893785\\n1996|Elsevier Science & Technology Books|Exploring Workstation Applications in CDE and Motif|Katherine Haramundanis|9781555581510\\n2001||Motif Programming Tips And Tricks, With Cd-rom|Clayton and Don and Parker and Tim|9780135882122\\n1993|Mcgraw-hill Osborne Media|Motif Programming In The X Window System Environment (macgraw-hill Unix/c Series)|William A. Parrette|9780070317239"
  },
  {
    "id": "activevfp",
    "name": "ActiveVFP",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1888,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21031,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_related": "php visual-foxpro mysql rest html",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ActiveVFP (also known as AVFP) is a server-side scripting framework designed for Web development to produce dynamic Web pages. Similar to PHP, but using the native Visual Foxpro (VFP) language and database (or other databases like Microsoft SQL and MySQL), ActiveVFP can also be used in Model-View-Controller (MVC) web applications as well as RESTful API.  ActiveVFP is completely free and open source and does not require the purchase of Microsoft Visual FoxPro or any additional software. ActiveVFP was originally created in 2001. The main implementation of ActiveVFP is now produced by the Foxpro Community at activevfp.codeplex.com and serves as the formal reference to ActiveVFP. ActiveVFP is free software released under the MIT License. ActiveVFP is unique among server-side web languages and frameworks because it has a database and database functionality built into the language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2013,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 9,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 58,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 38172349,
    "lab": "VFP Community",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "wikipedia_example": "* customers.prg -Customers Controller * * bypasses Main.prg and .AVFP script code * DEFINE CLASS customersController AS restController  *  PROCEDURE openData   SELECT 0   USE (THIS.homeFolder + \"customers.dbf\") ALIAS customers  ENDPROC    PROCEDURE infoAction && GET www.hostname.com/app/customers/info   RETURN \"homeFolder: <b>\" + THIS.homeFolder + \"</b>\"  ENDPROC    PROCEDURE getAction && GET www.hostname.com/app/customers/<id>   LOCAL cCustId   cCustId = THIS.Params[1]   THIS.openData()   SELECT CUSTOMERS   LOCATE FOR custId = cCustId   IF FOUND()    LOCAL cJSON    **USE mydbf  &&test error    *quick and dirty JSON    cJSON = [{\"custId\":\"] + RTRIM(custId) + [\",\"custName\":\"] + RTRIM(custName) + [\",] + ;            [\"custStat\":\"] + RTRIM(custStat) + [\"}]    RETURN cJSON   ENDIF  ENDPROC    PROCEDURE listAction  && GET www.hostname.com/app/customers/   LOCAL cHTML   cHTML = \"\"   *oEmp=newOBJECT('schedbizobj','c:\\avfp5.61Demo\\prg\\utiltest2.prg')   SET PROC to substr(oProp.AppStartPath,1,AT([\\],oProp.AppStartPath,2))+'prg\\AVFPutilities' ADDITIVE   && Make sure you use ADDITIVE or bad things happen!   THIS.openData()   SELECT CUSTOMERS   cHTML= oHTML.mergescript(FILETOSTR(substr(oProp.AppStartPath,1,AT([\\],oProp.AppStartPath,2))+'viewtest.avfp'))   RETURN cHTML  ENDPROC    PROCEDURE helloworld      && custom method (&& GET www.hostname.com/app/customers/helloworld/)   LOCAL cHTML   cHTML = \"\"   *USE mydbf   *SET PROC to substr(oProp.AppStartPath,1,AT([\\],oProp.AppStartPath,2))+'prg\\AVFPutilities' ADDITIVE   && Make sure you use ADDITIVE or bad things happen!   cHTML= oHTML.mergescript(FILETOSTR(substr(oProp.AppStartPath,1,AT([\\],oProp.AppStartPath,2))+'hello.avfp'))   RETURN cHTML  ENDPROC    PROCEDURE getemployees      && custom method   (&& GET www.hostname.com/app/customers/getemployee/<id>  oJSON=NEWOBJECT('json','json.prg')          SET PATH TO oProp.AppStartPath+'data\\AVFPdemo41\\'    select e.emp_id as id, e.first_Name as firstName, e.last_Name as lastName, e.title as title, [images/Emps/]+e.picture as picture,count(r.emp_id) as reportCount ;  from employee e left join employee r on VAL(r.reports_to) = VAL(e.emp_id) ;  INTO Cursor SearchResults;  group by e.last_Name,e.emp_id, e.first_Name,e.title, e.picture ;  order by e.last_Name,e.first_Name   oJSON.keyforcursors=\"items\"   * send JSON data and properties back  oResponse.ContentType = \"application/json;charset=utf-8\"  oResponse.Write(oJSON.stringify('SearchResults'))  oResponse.Flush  lcHTMLout=[]  ENDPROC  ************************************************************************  ENDDEFINE",
    "lineCommentToken": "*",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ActiveVFP",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "dibol",
    "name": "Digital Interactive Business Oriented Language",
    "appeared": 1970,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1889,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 21031,
    "hoplId": 503,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Digital Interactive Business Oriented Language",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1970,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic fortran cobol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "DiBOL or Digital's Business Oriented Language is a general-purpose, procedural, imperative programming language, designed for use in Management Information Systems (MIS) software development. It has a syntax similar to FORTRAN and BASIC, along with BCD arithmetic. It shares the COBOL program structure of data and procedure divisions.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 22,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 74,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 598142,
    "lab": "DEC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIBOL",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=503",
    "tiobe": "DiBOL"
  },
  {
    "id": "poplog",
    "name": "POPLOG",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1890,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 21031,
    "hoplId": 1705,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1976,
    "wikipedia_related": "pop-11 common-lisp prolog standard-ml spss scheme sparc solaris powerpc pop-2",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Poplog is a reflective, incrementally compiled software development environment for the programming languages POP-11, Common Lisp, Prolog, and Standard ML, originally created in the UK for teaching and research in artificial intelligence at the University of Sussex.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 115,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 65118,
    "lab": "University of Sussex",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "visualParadigm": false,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/804beaedcc3577a60b2f1bc177a96723fe70a888",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poplog",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1705"
  },
  {
    "id": "signal",
    "name": "SIGNAL",
    "appeared": 1982,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1891,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 21031,
    "hoplId": 1270,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1982,
    "wikipedia_related": "esterel lustre simulink isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "SIGNAL is a programming language based on synchronized data-flow (flows + synchronization): a process is a set of equations on elementary flows describing both data and control. The SIGNAL formal model provides the capability to describe systems with several clocks  (polychronous systems) as relational specifications. Relations are useful as partial specifications and as specifications of non-deterministic devices (for instance a non-deterministic bus) or external processes (for instance an unsafe car driver). Using SIGNAL allows one to specify an application, to design an architecture, to refine detailed components down to RTOS or hardware description. The SIGNAL model supports a design methodology which goes from specification to implementation, from abstraction to concretization, from synchrony to asynchrony. SIGNAL has been mainly developed in INRIAEspresso team since the 1980s, at the same time as similar programming languages, Esterel and Lustre.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 13,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 60,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 32475185,
    "lab": "Inria",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 2383,
    "country": "France",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIGNAL_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1270",
    "tiobe": "SIGNAL"
  },
  {
    "id": "beads-lang",
    "name": "beads-lang",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "creators": "Edward de Jong",
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://beadslang.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1892,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21031,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "domainName_registered": 2016,
    "lab": "Edward de Jong",
    "fileExtensions": "beads",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 18,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/12sTu7RT-s_QlAupY1v-3DfI1Mm9NEX5YMWWTDAKHLfc/edit#gid=0",
    "example": "beads level 1 program calculator //  flutter version available at: on github, look for: flutter-calculator-demo //  article: https://itnext.io/building-a-calculator-app-in-flutter-824254704fe6  const   C_OP    = #3E424D  //  keycap fill for an operator like C   C_DIGIT = #6E6E6E  //  keycap fill for a digit   C_ARITH  = #1A4C6E //  keycap fill for arithmetic buttons    //  warning: you must use the same unicode math chars in case statements later in arithmetic()   KEYCAPS = [ 'C', '±', '%', '÷',  //  tried \\u207A\\u2215\\u208B instead of ± but it is ugly         '1', '2', '3', 'x',         '4', '5', '6', '−', // \\u2212 is the minus sign         '7', '8', '9', '+',         '', '0', '.', '=']  // '⌫' is U+232B, for future undo key    KEYCOLORS = [C_OP, C_OP, C_OP, C_ARITH,         C_DIGIT, C_DIGIT, C_DIGIT, C_ARITH,         C_DIGIT, C_DIGIT, C_DIGIT, C_ARITH,         C_DIGIT, C_DIGIT, C_DIGIT, C_ARITH,         C_OP, C_DIGIT, C_OP, C_ARITH]    SPACING = 3 // points between each cell   HAIR = \"\\u2009\"  //  a thin space 200A is even thinner  record a_term   ss : str  // the string containing the contents of the term   op : str  // the operator in keycap string form '+', '-'...  record a_state   terms : array of a_term   termx : num  // which term we are on   chain_op : str  //  chain operator char for repeated = presses   chain_val: num  //  chain value to repeat   fresh : yesno   //  if this is Y, then next digit will clear existing value  var g : a_state  calc main_init   g.terms[1].ss = \"\"   g.termx = 1   g.fresh = Y  vert slice main_draw   var cellsize = if b.box.width > b.box.height then b.box.height/8 else b.box.width/4   var result_v = cellsize*2  //  need to enhance compiler so that expressions don't get converted   var keys_v = cellsize*5   var keys_maxh = min(b.box.width, cellsize*8)  // don't go wider than 8 squares wide (double)   draw_rect(b.box, fill:#121F30)   skip 10 al   add result_v px d_result   add keys_v px d_keys(keys_maxh)   skip 10 al  draw d_result   draw_rect(b.box, fill:#0D161F)    //  build the string out of the active terms   var s : str = \"\"   loop array:g.terms index:i     g.terms[i].ss &=> s     if g.terms[i].op <> U       HAIR & g.terms[i].op & HAIR &=> s  // append the operator    if (s == \"\")     s = \"0\"  //  when nothing is entered into our expression, call it zero    draw_str(b.box, s, size:b.box.height*0.5, just:RIGHT, indent:20 pt, color:WHITE)  horz slice d_keys(   totwidth  -- max width we allow for the grid, might be all of the space   )   //  in landscape mode, we don't want the key grid to get too wide, looks bad   skip 10 al   add totwidth px d_keygrid   skip 10 al  table d_keygrid   horz slice     skip SPACING pt     loop reps:4       add 10 al       skip SPACING pt   vert slice     skip SPACING pt     loop reps:5       add 10 al       skip SPACING pt    //  inside grid cell draw function, b has properties b.box, cell_seq, cell:a_xy, nrows, ncols   cell     draw_rect(b.box, fill:KEYCOLORS[b.cell_seq], corner:6 pt)     draw_str(b.box, KEYCAPS[b.cell_seq], size:b.box.height, color:WHITE) track EV_TAP   //  respond to the command   case b.cell_seq   | 1  //  clear     do_clear    | 2  //  plusminus - change the sign of the current term     sign_change(g.termx)    | 3  // percent - divide the current term by 100     do_percent    | 4, 8, 12, 16   //  arithmetic operations     do_arith(KEYCAPS[b.cell_seq])      | 17  // future feature - backspace     nop // do_backspace    | 19  // period     do_period    | 20  //  equals     do_equals    else     //  must be a digit     add_digit(KEYCAPS[b.cell_seq])  // calc do_backspace //  log \"backspace\" //  reserved for future undo functionality //  this will test ability to read code and extend it    calc do_percent   //  if the current term is empty do nothing   //  apple's calculator takes the sequence 900+% and makes it 900^2 which is nutty   if g.terms[g.termx].ss <> \"\"     if g.termx > 1       //  when we have two terms, like 300 + 20% we take 20% of the first term and replace       g.terms[g.termx].ss = to_str(eval(g.termx)*eval(g.termx-1)/100)     else       //  we only have 1 term, so just divide it by 100       g.terms[g.termx].ss = to_str(eval(g.termx)/100)     g.fresh = Y  calc eval (   termx  -- term index to evaluate   ) : num  //  convert a term to a floating point number   var ss : str = g.terms[termx].ss   if ss == \"\"     return 0   return to_num(ss)  calc do_clear // clear the current term to blank.   //  if the user has entered 123+, there is an empty current term will do nothing   g.terms[g.termx].ss = \"\"  calc sign_change(   tx  -- term index   )   var old : str = g.terms[tx].ss   if old == \"\"     //  we have no operand yet in the current term, so     //  either ignore it or change previous operand's sign     //  this is what apple's calculator does     if tx > 1       sign_change(tx-1)  // change previous operand's sign. kinda weird really.   elif str_begins(old, \"-\")     g.terms[tx].ss = str_subset(old, from:2)  // strip the minus   else     g.terms[tx].ss = '-' & old  //  prepend a minus  calc do_period   //  ignore attempts to add more than one period   var list : array of num   str_find(g.terms[g.termx].ss, \".\", list)   if tree_count(list) == 0     add_digit(\".\")  //  no period yet, so append one  calc do_equals   var val = eval(1)  // start with the first term by itself   var val2    //  if there is no second or later term use the chain operator and value   if tree_count(g.terms) < 2     //  use repeat if we have one     if g.chain_op <> U       val = arithmetic(g.chain_op, val, g.chain_val)   else     // two or more terms to process     loop from:1 index:tx while:g.terms[tx+1].ss <> \"\" and g.terms[tx].op <> U       val2 = eval(tx+1)       //  remember the last operator we used as our chaining value       g.chain_op = g.terms[tx].op       g.chain_val = val2       val = arithmetic(g.chain_op, val, val2)    //  calculation done, convert the value back as if we entered it   trunc g.terms // zap the array   g.terms[1].ss = to_str(val)  //  replace our value   g.termx = 1   g.fresh = Y  calc arithmetic(   operand : str  -- operation like \"+\", must match keycap   term1   : num   term2   : num   ) : num -- resulting value   var result   case operand //  note: these operators must match the keycaps   | '+'     term1 + term2 => result   | '−'     term1 - term2 => result   | 'x'     term1 * term2 => result   | '÷'     term1 / term2 => result   else     result = ERR   return result    calc add_digit(   digit : str // digit to append to current term   )   //  if we are starting fresh, then erase what was there before   //  we also replace the previous string if it was a leading zero   if g.fresh or g.terms[g.termx].ss == \"0\"     g.terms[g.termx].ss = \"\" // clear whatever was there   digit &=> g.terms[g.termx].ss   g.fresh = N  calc do_arith(   operand : str  // '+', etc   )   if g.terms[g.termx].ss == \"\"     //  we have no term, so treat that as replacing the previously entered operation     //  and if this is the very beginning and we have no prior operation, ignore it     if g.termx == 1       // starting with a plus on an empty term is ignored       return        //  multiple operators in a row, rewrite the previous operator     g.terms[g.termx-1].op = operand   else     //  we did have a term, advance to the next term     g.terms[g.termx].op = operand     inc g.termx     g.terms[g.termx].ss = \"\" // empty term",
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    "id": "concurnas",
    "name": "concurnas",
    "appeared": 2018,
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://concurnas.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1893,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "c/Concurnas.conc",
    "domainName_registered": 2018,
    "lab": "https://github.com/Concurnas",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "conc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 18,
    "country": "England",
    "reference": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23321096",
    "example": "def gcd(x int, y int){//greatest common divisor of two integers   while(y){     (x, y) = (y, x mod y)   }   x } calc1 = gcd(8, 20)!//run this calculation in a isolate calc2 = gcd(6, 45)!//run this calculation in a separate isolate calc3 = calc1 if calc1 > calc2 else calc2 //^^^ wait for the results of calc1 and calc2 before assigning calc3",
    "leachim6_example": "System.out.println(\"Hello World\") ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/concurnas",
    "leachim6": "Concurnas",
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    "id": "fizz",
    "name": "fizz",
    "appeared": 2017,
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://f1zz.org/",
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    "description": "fizz is an experimental language and runtime environment for the exploration of cognitive architectures and combined Machine Learning (ML) and Machine Reasoning (MR) solutions. It is based primarily on symbolic programming and fuzzy formal logic and it features a distributed (as in heterogeneous computer cluster), concurrent, asynchronous and responsive inference engine.",
    "githubRepo_description": "fizz is an experimental language and runtime environment for the exploration of cognitive architectures and combined Machine Learning (ML) and Machine Reasoning (MR) solutions. It is based primarily on symbolic programming and fuzzy formal logic and it features a distributed (as in heterogeneous computer cluster), concurrent, asynchronous and responsive inference engine.",
    "lab": "https://f1zz.org",
    "rijuRepl_description": "fizz is an experimental language and runtime environment for the exploration of cognitive architectures and combined Machine Learning (ML) and Machine Reasoning (MR) solutions. It is based primarily on symbolic programming and fuzzy formal logic and it features a distributed (as in heterogeneous computer cluster), concurrent, asynchronous and responsive inference engine.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "country": "United States",
    "example": "// Code ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  is.tree { // test if a term is a valid binary tree      (nil)^          :-  true;     (n(_,_,:l,:r))^ :-  #is.tree(:l), #is.tree(:r);     (_)             :-  false;  }  btr.length { // how many nodes is there on a binary tree      (nil,0)^            :-  true;     (n(_,_,:l,:r),:n)   :-  #btr.length(:l,:l.n),                             #btr.length(:r,:r.n),                             sum(:l.n,:r.n,1,:n);  }",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
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  {
    "id": "flagship",
    "name": "flagship",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.flagship.de/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1895,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21031,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "lab": "multisoft Datentechnik",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "country": "Germany",
    "example": "** File: hello1.prg         // your first program ? \"Hello world!\"            // similar to printf(\"\\nHello world!\") wait                        // wait for user prompt before closing the application  ** File: hello2.prg         // your second application set color to \"W+/B\"         // set color white on blue @ 5,10 TO 9,30              // draw box @ 7,12 SAY \"hello world\"    // print text on given coordinates key = inkey(5)              // wait for key press within 5 seconds  ** File: dbf1.prg           // handles available/creates new database #include \"fspreset.fh\"      // converts all file names to lower case PARAMETER par1              // accepts command-line parameters dbname := IF(EMPTY(par1), \"mydbf1\", par1)       // set default if required IF .NOT. FILE(dbname + \".dbf\")                  // database available?   DBCREATE(dbname, {{\"Name\",    \"C\", 25, 0}, ;  //  not yet, so                     {\"Address\", \"C\", 30, 0}, ;  //  create a new                     {\"Born\",    \"D\",  8, 0}, ;  //  database, here                     {\"Note\",    \"M\", 10, 0}} )  //  with 4 fields ENDIF USE (dbname) SHARED         // open the given database or mydbf1.dbf IF !USED()                  // check the success    ? \"sorry, cannot open\", dbname    QUIT                     // abort the execution ENDIF BROWSE ()                   // browse/edit QUIT                        // exit back to command line",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
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    "domainName": "flagship.de",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2018|6Genesis Flagship Program: Building the Bridges Towards 6G-Enabled Wireless Smart Society and Ecosystem|10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613209|69|4|M. Katz and Marja Matinmikko-Blue and M. Latva-aho|043b0f74aae98fe9a3c6a434d30aec743222502d\\n1989|Hope+ on Flagship|10.1007/978-1-4471-3166-3_20|15|0|Iain B. Robertson|7ec09052fcd3a29949f2d56b0673608d2d260e2b"
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  {
    "id": "gwl",
    "name": "Guix Workflow Language",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.guixwl.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1896,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21031,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Guix Workflow Language",
    "domainName_registered": 2017,
    "lab": "GNU Project",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 18,
    "related": "scheme",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": " ;; https://www.guixwl.org/extended-start  ;; We are going to extend the workflow defined in the file  ;; \"example-workflow.w\".  define dynamic-workflow    load-workflow \"/tmp/examples/example-workflow.w\"    process: (list-file-template filename)    name      string-append \"list-file-\"                    basename filename    packages \"gzip\"    inputs filename    outputs      string-append filename \".list\"    run-time      complexity        space 20 mebibytes        time  30 seconds    # { gzip --list {{inputs}} > {{outputs}} }    ;; Get all processes of the other workflow.  define foreign-processes    workflow-processes dynamic-workflow    ;; Get the processes that we want to extend on.  define compress-file-processes    processes-filter-by-name foreign-processes \"compress-file\"    ;; Create the new processes.  define list-file-processes    map list-file-template        append-map process-outputs compress-file-processes    workflow: extended-dynamic-workflow    processes      append        ;; These are the process connections of the imported workflow        workflow-restrictions dynamic-workflow        ;; And these are the new process connections.  The \"zip\" procedure        ;; pairs up each of the processes in \"list-file-processes\" with        ;; one of the processes in \"compress-file-processes\".        zip list-file-processes compress-file-processes",
    "lineCommentToken": ";",
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    "id": "promql",
    "name": "PromQL",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "measurements": 16,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "website": "https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/basics/",
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    "rank": 1897,
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    "pldbScore": 21031,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "promql.py",
    "lab": "https://github.com/prometheus",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "promql",
    "leetSheets": "https://files.timber.io/pdfs/PromQL+Cheatsheet.pdf",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 16,
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/promql",
    "country": "Germany",
    "reference": "https://timber.io/blog/promql-for-humans/",
    "example": "topk(3, sum by (app, proc) (rate(instance_cpu_time_ns[5m])))",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "PromQL",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
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    "id": "sat",
    "name": "SAT",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "creators": "Spatial Technology",
    "measurements": 26,
    "tags": "3d cad textDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1898,
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    "isLanguage": false,
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    "primaryTag": "3d",
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    "aka": "Standard ACIS Text",
    "description": "SAT is a text-based file format for representing 3D geometric models using boundary representation (B-Rep). It is part of the ACIS modeling kernel, widely used in CAD software for precise solid and surface modeling.",
    "githubRepo_description": "SAT is a text-based file format for representing 3D geometric models using boundary representation (B-Rep). It is part of the ACIS modeling kernel, widely used in CAD software for precise solid and surface modeling.",
    "lab": "Spatial Technology",
    "rijuRepl_description": "SAT is a text-based file format for representing 3D geometric models using boundary representation (B-Rep). It is part of the ACIS modeling kernel, widely used in CAD software for precise solid and surface modeling.",
    "fileExtensions": "sat",
    "isOpenSource": "false",
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    "docs": "https://paulbourke.net/dataformats/sat/sat.pdf",
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACIS",
    "example": "400 0 1 0 11 Scheme AIDE 11 ACIS 4.0 NT 24 Mon Apr 12 13:59:03 1998 25.4 1e-06 1e-10 -0 body $1 $2 $-1 $3 # -1 display_attribute-st-attrib $-1 $4 $-1 $0 1 # -2 lump $-1 $-1 $5 $0 # -3 transform $-1 1 0 0 0 0 -1 0 1 0 0 10 0 1 rotate no_reflect no_shear # -4 rgb_color-st-attrib $-1 $6 $1 $0010# -5 shell $-1 $-1 $-1 $7 $-1 $2 # -6 id_attribute-st-attrib $-1 $-1 $4 $0 1 # -7 face $-1 $8 $9 $5 $-1 $10 forward single # -8 face $-1 $11 $12 $5 $-1 $13 forward single # -9 loop $-1 $14 $15 $7 # -10 cone-surface $-1 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 1 I I 0 1 forwardIIII# -11 face $-1 $-1 $16 $5 $-1 $17 forward single # -12 loop $-1 $-1 $18 $8 # -13 plane-surface $-1 0 0 -10 0 0 -1 -1 0 0 forward_vIIII# -14 loop $-1 $-1 $19 $7 # -15 coedge $-1 $15 $15 $18 $20 1 $9 $-1 # -16 loop $-1 $-1 $21 $11 # -17 plane-surface $-1 0 0 10 0 0 1 1 0 0 forward_vIIII# -18 coedge $-1 $18 $18 $15 $20 0 $12 $-1 # -19 coedge $-1 $19 $19 $21 $22 1 $14 $-1 # -20 edge $-1 $23 $23 $18 $24 forward # -21 coedge $-1 $21 $21 $19 $22 0 $16 $-1 # -22 edge $-1 $25 $25 $21 $26 forward # -23 vertex $-1 $20 $27 # -24 ellipse-curve $-1 0 0 -10 0 0 -1 10001II# -25 vertex $-1 $22 $28 # -26 ellipse-curve $-1 0 0 10 0 0 1 10 0 0 1 I I # -27 point $-1 10 0 -10 # -28 point $-1 10 0 10 # End-of-ACIS-data",
    "hasBooleans": false,
    "hasCaseInsensitiveIdentifiers": false,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLineComments": false,
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  {
    "id": "plink-ped-format",
    "name": "plink-ped-format",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "textDataFormat",
    "website": "https://www.cog-genomics.org/plink2/formats#ped",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1899,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 21023,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/WonyoungCho/plink/issues",
    "primaryTag": "textDataFormat",
    "githubRepo_created": 2019,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2022,
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    "githubRepo_stars": 1,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "The \"ped\" file is a commonly used format for holding pedigree and genotype data. Files in this format usually end in \".ped\". There are several variants of the format. Used by plink.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The \"ped\" file is a commonly used format for holding pedigree and genotype data. Files in this format usually end in \".ped\". There are several variants of the format. Used by plink.",
    "lab": "Kyung Hee University",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The \"ped\" file is a commonly used format for holding pedigree and genotype data. Files in this format usually end in \".ped\". There are several variants of the format. Used by plink.",
    "fileExtensions": "ped",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 24,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "South Korea",
    "reference": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002929707613524",
    "example": "1 1 0 0 1  0  G G  2 2  C C 1 2 0 0 2  0  A A  0 0  A C 1 3 1 2 1  2  0 0  1 2  A C 2 1 0 0 1  0  A A  2 2  0 0 2 2 0 0 2  2  A A  2 2  0 0 2 3 1 2 1  2  A A  2 2  A A",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/WonyoungCho/plink/issues",
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    "id": "latte-js",
    "name": "latte-js",
    "appeared": 2012,
    "creators": "Sean Micklethwaite",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://web.archive.org/web/20181103105843/http://lattejs.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/tehsenaus/latte-js/",
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    "githubRepo_updated": 2023,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2012,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2015,
    "repoStats_commits": 73,
    "repoStats_committers": 5,
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    "lab": "https://github.com/tehsenaus/latte-js/issues",
    "writtenIn": "javascript markdown json",
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    "id": "leda",
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    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "SAC (Single Assignment C) is a strict purely functional programming language whose design is focused on the needs of numerical applications. Emphasis is laid on efficient support for array processing. Efficiency concerns are essentially twofold. On the one hand, efficiency in program development is to be improved by the opportunity to specify array operations on a high level of abstraction. On the other hand, efficiency in program execution, i.e. the runtime performance of programs, in time and memory consumption, is still to be achieved by sophisticated compilation schemes. Only as far as the latter succeeds, the high-level style of specifications can actually be called useful. To facilitate compiling to efficiently executable code, certain functional language features which are not considered essential for numerical applications, e.g. higher-order functions, polymorphism, or lazy evaluation, are not (yet) supported by SAC. These may be found in general-purpose functional languages, e.g. Haskell, Clean, Miranda, or ML. To overcome the acceptance problems encountered by other functional or array based languages intended for numerical / array intensive applications, e.g. SISAL, NESL, Nial, APL, J, or K, particular regard is paid to ease the transition from a C / Fortran like programming environment to SAC. In more detail, the basic language design goals of SAC are to:  provide a purely functional language with a syntax very similar to that of C in order to ease, for a large community of programmers, the transition from an imperative to a functional programming style; support multi-dimensional arrays as first class objects; allow the specification of shape- and dimension-invariant array operations; provide high-level array operations that liberate programming from tedious and error-prone specifications of starts, stops and strides for array traversals thereby improving code reusability and programming productivity, in general. incorporate a module system that allows for separate compilation, separate name spaces, and abstract data types, and, additionally, provides an interface to foreign languages in order to enable reuse of existing code; provide means for a smooth integration of states and state modifications into the functional paradigm based on uniqueness types; use the module system, the foreign language interface, and the integration of states in order to create a standard library which provides a functionality similar to that of the standard C libraries, e.g. powerful I/O facilities or mathematical functions; facilitate the compilation to host machine code which can be efficiently executed both in terms of time and space demand; facilitate the compilation for non-sequential program execution in multiprocessor environments.",
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    "description": "Gurobi is a state-of-the-art solver for mathematical programming. It includes solvers for linear programming (LP), quadratic programming (QP), quadratically constrained programming (QCP), mixed-integer linear programming (MILP), mixed-integer quadratic programming (MIQP), and mixed-integer quadratically constrained programming (MIQCP).",
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    "id": "avr",
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    "id": "alpha-programming-language",
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    "example": ";; A silly toy program def response(threat)   if threat = #severe     run-in-circles()     scream-and-shout()   elseif threat = #moderate     print(\"Danger Will Robinson\")   else     sleep(1)",
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    "reference": "https://homes.cs.washington.edu/~emina/pubs/rosette.onward13.pdf",
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    "githubRepo_description": "A URI is a unique sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource, such as resources on a webpage, mail address, phone number, books, real-world objects such as people and places, concepts.",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
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    "id": "formality",
    "name": "formality",
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    "creators": "Victor Maia",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://docs.formality-lang.org",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/moonad/formality-base",
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    "githubRepo_created": 2019,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2021,
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    "lab": "https://github.com/Soonad",
    "fileExtensions": "fm",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 36,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "Unknown",
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    "id": "pascal-abc.net",
    "name": "PascalABC.NET",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "creators": "S.S. Mikhalkovich and Ivan Bondarev and A.V. Tkachuk and S.O. Ivanov",
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://pascalabc.net/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1973,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20900,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "domainName_registered": 2006,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2016,
    "wikipedia_summary": "PascalABC.NET is a Pascal programming language that implements classic Pascal, most Delphi language features, as well as a number of their own extensions. It is implemented on the .NET Framework platform and contains all the modern language features: classes, operator overloading, interfaces, exception handling, generic classes and routines, garbage collection, lambda expressions, parallel programming tools (OpenMP only as of 2016). PascalABC.NET is also a simple and powerful integrated development environment with integrated debugger, IntelliSense system, form designer, code templates and code auto-formatting. Command-line PascalABC.NET compiler is also available on Linux and MacOS (under Mono).PascalABC.NET is popular in Russian schools and universities. In Southern Federal University, it is used as the main language for teaching students of Information technology in the course \"Fundamentals of programming\" and for teaching children in one of the largest computer schools in Russia.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 24,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 115,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 50034768,
    "lab": "http://pascalabc.net/en",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 141,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 13,
    "numberOfCreators": 4,
    "country": "Russia",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PascalABC.NET",
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    "domainName": "pascalabc.net"
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    "id": "dwg",
    "name": ".dwg",
    "appeared": 1982,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "binaryDataFormat cad",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1974,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20898,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "binaryDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1982,
    "wikipedia_related": "autocad-app dxf",
    "wikipedia_summary": "DWG (from drawing) is a proprietary binary file format used for storing two- and three- dimensional design data and metadata. It is the native format for several  CAD packages including DraftSight, AutoCAD, IntelliCAD (and its variants), Caddie and Open Design Alliance compliant applications. In addition, DWG is supported non-natively by many other CAD applications. The .bak (drawing backup), .dws (drawing standards), .dwt (drawing template) and .sv$ (temporary automatic save) files are also DWG files.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 368,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 170,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 641111,
    "description": "Autodesk estimates that in 1998 there were in excess of two billion DWG files in existence.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Autodesk estimates that in 1998 there were in excess of two billion DWG files in existence.",
    "lab": "Autodesk && Open Design Alliance && others",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1860,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "cesil",
    "name": "Cesil",
    "appeared": 1974,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1975,
    "exampleCount": 2,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "c/CESIL.cesil",
    "wikipedia_related": "assembly-language",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Cesil, or Computer Education in Schools Instruction Language, was a programming language designed to introduce pupils in British schools to Assembly language.  It is a low level language containing a total of fourteen instructions:  Load value - place the immediate value or the contents of the variable named in the accumulator. Store variable - place the contents of the accumulator in the variable. Jump label - transfer control to location labelled. Jineg label - transfer control to location labelled if the accumulator contains a negative value. Jizero label - transfer control to location labelled if the accumulator contains zero. Print literal - output the following string, delimited by single quotes. Line - output a carriage return In - allow user to input a numerical value from the console. Out - Output the contents of the accumulator as a decimal integer, signed if negative. Add value - add the variable or immediate integer value to the accumulator. Subtract value - subtract the variable or immediate integer from the accumulator. Multiply value - place the product of the accumulator and the variable or immediate integer in the accumulator. Divide value - place the contents of the accumulator divided by the value in the accumulator. Halt - return control to console.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2016,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 2834686,
    "lab": "International Computers Limited",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
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    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "leachim6_example": "        PRINT   \"Hello World\"         HALT % *",
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    "printToken": "PRINT",
    "stringToken": "\"",
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    "hasStrings": true,
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    "id": "kuc",
    "name": "kuc",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "creators": "Andrey Zholos",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1976,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 3,
    "pldbScore": 20891,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "githubRepo_created": 2015,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 10,
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    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2015,
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    "description": "A vector programming language.",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "A vector programming language.",
    "writtenIn": "c markdown make",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 69,
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  {
    "id": "atlas",
    "name": "ATLAS Transformation Language",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.eclipse.org/atl/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1977,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2005,
    "wikipedia_summary": "ATL (ATLAS Transformation Language) is a model transformation language and toolkit developed and maintained by OBEO and AtlanMod. It was initiated by the AtlanMod team (previously called ATLAS Group). In the field of Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), ATL provides ways to produce a set of target models from a set of source models. Released under the terms of the Eclipse Public License, ATL is an M2M (Eclipse) component, inside of the Eclipse Modeling Project (EMP).",
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    "lab": "Eclipse Foundation",
    "fileExtensions": "atl",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 136,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "country": "Canada",
    "example": "rule TreeNodeRoot2RootElement {  from    rt : MMTree!Node (rt.isTreeNodeRoot())  to    lstRt : MMElementList!RootElement (      name <- rt.name,      elements <- elmLst    ),    elmLst : distinct MMElementList!CommonElement foreach(leaf in rt.getAllChildren())(      name <- leaf.name    ) }",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATLAS_Transformation_Language",
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    "id": "convert",
    "name": "CONVERT",
    "appeared": 1966,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1978,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20889,
    "hoplId": 249,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Conversion or convert may refer to:",
    "wikipedia_created": 2012,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 23,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 76,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 19666920,
    "lab": "Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 135,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "wordRank": 4174,
    "country": "Mexico",
    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/498ff90afe4299c3a368e12f67e434ebf6642903",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convert",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "blazex",
    "name": "BlazeX",
    "appeared": 2020,
    "creators": "RoMeAh",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.blazex.blazify.rocks/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1979,
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    "pldbScore": 20888,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/BlazifyOrg/blazex",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2020,
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    "isFinished": false,
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    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 286,
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    "lab": "Blazify",
    "writtenIn": "rust toml c markdown yaml make json",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 68,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 18,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "Unknown",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/BlazifyOrg/blazex",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "darkbasic",
    "name": "DarkBASIC",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.thegamecreators.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1980,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20884,
    "hoplId": 1947,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Game Creators Ltd (formerly Dark Basic Software Limited) is a British software house based in Macclesfield, England, which specialises in software for video game development. The company was established in March 1999 through a partnership between programmers Lee Bamber and Richard Vanner.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 61,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 51331094,
    "lab": "https://github.com/TheGameCreators",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 66,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "reference": "https://github.com/TheGameCreators/Dark-Basic-Pro",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DarkBASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1947"
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  {
    "id": "ease",
    "name": "Ease",
    "appeared": 1991,
    "creators": "Steven Ericsson-Zenith",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1981,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20878,
    "hoplId": 3593,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1991,
    "wikipedia_related": "csp occam",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Ease is a general purpose parallel programming language. It is designed by Steven Ericsson-Zenith, a researcher at Yale University, the Institute for Advanced Science & Engineering in Silicon Valley, California, the Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, and the Pierre and Marie Curie University, the science department of the Sorbonne.The book Process Interaction Models is the Ease language specification. Ease combines the process constructs of communicating sequential processes (CSP) with logically shared data structures called contexts. Contexts are parallel data types that are constructed by processes and provide a way for processes to interact. The language includes two process constructors. A cooperation includes an explicit barrier synchronization and is written:                         ∥         P         (         )         ∥         Q         (         )         ;                 {\\displaystyle \\parallel P()\\parallel Q();}   If one process finishes before the other, then it will wait until the other processes are finished. A subordination creates a process that shares the contexts that are in scope when created and finishes when complete (it does not wait for other processes) and is written:                                                 /                                                          /                  P         (         )         ;                 {\\displaystyle {\\big /}\\!\\!/P();}   Subordinate processes stop if they attempt to interact with a context that  has completed because the parent process has stopped. This enables speculative processes to be created that will finish if their result is not needed. Powerful replication syntax allows multiple processes to be created. For example,                         ∥                    i                                      f           o           r                                      n                  :         P         (         i         )         ;                 {\\displaystyle \\parallel {i}\\;{for}\\;{n}:P(i);}   creates n synchronized processes each with a local constant i. Processes cannot share local variables and cooperate in the construction of shared contexts. Certain context types, called resources, ensure call-reply semantics. There are four functions upon contexts:  read (context, variable) – copies a value from the shared context to the variable. write (context, expression) – copies the value of expression to the shared context. put (context, name) – moves the value bound to name to the shared context. The value of name is subsequently undefined. get (context, name) – moves a value from context and binds it to name. The value is removed from the context.Context types are Singletons, Bags or Streams and can be subscripted arrays. Ease has a semiotic definition. This means that it accounts for the effect the language has on the programmer and how they develop algorithms. The language was designed to ease the developing of parallel programs.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 1968693,
    "lab": "Yale University && École des Mines de Paris - Université PSL && Pierre && Marie Curie University && The Sorbonne",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "wordRank": 4819,
    "country": "United States and France",
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  {
    "id": "fjs",
    "name": "fjs",
    "appeared": 2013,
    "creators": "Mark Hahn",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1982,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 20878,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/mark-hahn/fjs",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2013,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2013,
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    "lab": "https://github.com/mark-hahn/fjs/issues",
    "writtenIn": "javascript coffeescript markdown",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "United States",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/mark-hahn/fjs",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n5810347|Show HN: A new language that merges FORTH and Javascript|2013-06-02 22:23:23 UTC|1370211803|mchahn|4|10"
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  {
    "id": "id",
    "name": "Irvine Dataflow",
    "appeared": 1975,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1983,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "hoplId": 812,
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    "standsFor": "Irvine Dataflow",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1975,
    "wikipedia_related": "haskell",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Irvine Dataflow (Id) is a general-purpose parallel programming language, started at the University of California at Irvine in 1975 by Arvind and K. P. Gostelow. Arvind continued work with Id at MIT into the 1990s. The major subset of Id is a purely functional programming language with non-strict semantics. Features include: higher-order functions, a Milner-style statically type-checked polymorphic type system with overloading, user defined types and pattern matching, and prefix and infix operators. It led to the development of pH, a parallel dialect of Haskell. Id programs are fine grained implicitly parallel. The MVar synchronisation variable abstraction in Haskell is based on Id's M-structures.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "False? :: bool -> bool    and :: bool -> bool -> bool",
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  {
    "id": "jean",
    "name": "JOSS Extended and Adapted for Nineteen-hundred",
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    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 1984,
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    "standsFor": "JOSS Extended and Adapted for Nineteen-hundred",
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    "wikipedia_related": "joss",
    "wikipedia_summary": "JEAN was a dialect of the JOSS programming language developed for and used on ICT 1900 series computers in the late 1960s and early 1970s; it was implemented under the MINIMOP operating system. It was used at the University of Southampton. JEAN was an acronym derived from \"JOSS Extended and Adapted for Nineteen-hundred\". It was operated from a Teletype terminal.",
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  {
    "id": "occam-pi",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 1985,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "In computer science, occam-π (or occam-pi) is the name of a variant of the programming language occam developed by the Kent Retargetable occam Compiler (KRoC) team at the University of Kent. The name reflects the introduction of elements of π-calculus (pi-calculus) into occam, especially concepts involving mobile agents (processes) and data. The language contains several extensions to occam 2.1, including:  Nested protocols Run-time process creation Mobile channels, data, and processes Recursion Protocol inheritance Array constructors Extended rendezvous",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Gellish is a formal language that is natural language independent, although its concepts have 'names' and definitions in various natural languages. Any natural language variant, such as Gellish Formal English is a controlled natural language. Information and knowledge can be expressed in such a way that it is computer-interpretable, as well as system-independent and natural language independent. Each natural language variant is a structured subset of that natural language and is suitable for information modeling and knowledge representation in that particular language. All expressions, concepts and individual things are represented in Gellish by (numeric) unique identifiers (Gellish UID's). This enables software to translate expressions from one formal natural language to any other formal natural language. Gellish is a universal and extendable conceptual data modeling language. Because it includes domain-specific terminology and definitions, it is also a semantic data modelling language and the Gellish modeling methodology is a member of the family of semantic modeling methodologies. Gellish started out as an engineering modeling language (\"Generic Engineering Language\", hence the name, \"Gellish\") and was subsequently developed into a language with general applications.",
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    "name": "SequenceL",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "SequenceL is a general purpose functional programming language and auto-parallelizing (Parallel computing) compiler and tool set, whose primary design objectives are performance on multi-core processor hardware, ease of programming, platform portability/optimization, and code clarity and readability.  Its main advantage is that it can be used to write straightforward code that automatically takes full advantage of all the processing power available, without programmers needing to be concerned with identifying parallelisms, specifying vectorization, avoiding race conditions, and other challenges of manual directive-based programming approaches such as OpenMP. Programs written in SequenceL can be compiled to multithreaded code that runs in parallel, with no explicit indications from a programmer of how or what to parallelize. As of  2015, versions of the SequenceL compiler generate parallel code in C++ and OpenCL, which allows it to work with most popular programming languages, including C, C++, C#, Fortran, Java, and Python.  A platform-specific runtime manages the threads safely, automatically providing parallel performance according to the number of cores available, currently supporting x86, OpenPOWER/POWER8, and ARM platforms.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Hexagon (QDSP6) is the brand for a family of 32-bit multi-threaded microarchitectures implementing the same instruction set for a digital signal processor (DSP) developed by Qualcomm. According to 2012 estimation, Qualcomm shipped 1.2 billion DSP cores inside its system on a chip (SoCs) (average 2.3 DSP core per SoC) in 2011 year, and 1.5 billion cores were planned for 2012, making the QDSP6 the most shipped architecture of DSP (CEVA had around 1 billion of DSP cores shipped in 2011 with 90% of IP-licenseable DSP market). The Hexagon architecture is designed to deliver performance with low power over a variety of applications. It has features such as hardware assisted multithreading, privilege levels, Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW), Single Instruction, Multiple Data (SIMD), and instructions geared toward efficient signal processing. The CPU is capable of in-order dispatching up to 4 instructions (the packet) to 4 Execution Units every clock. Hardware multithreading is implemented as barrel temporal multithreading - threads are switched in round-robin fashion each cycle, so the 600 MHz physical core is presented as three logical 200 MHz cores before V5. Hexagon V5 switched to dynamic multithreading (DMT) with thread switch on L2 misses, interrupt waiting or on special instructions.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Programming Language for Business or PL/B is a business-oriented programming language originally called DATABUS and designed by Datapoint in 1972[2] as an alternative to COBOL because Datapoint's 8-bit computers could not fit COBOL into their limited memory, and because COBOL did not at the time have facilities to deal with Datapoint's built-in keyboard and screen.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "colorForth is a programming language from the Forth language's original designer, Charles H. Moore, developed in the 1990s. There was an earlier predecessor called 386 OK which appeared for sale at Silicon Valley Forth Interest Group (SVFIG) meetings in 1992.An idiosyncratic programming environment, the colors simplify Forth's semantics, speed compiling, and are said to aid Moore's own poor eyesight: colorForth uses different colors in its source code (replacing some of the punctuation in standard Forth) to determine how different words are treated. colorForth was originally developed as the scripting language for Moore's own homebrew VLSI CAD program OKAD, with which he develops custom Forth processors. As the language gained utility, he rewrote his CAD program in it, spruced up the environment, and released it to the public. It has since gained a small following, spurred much debate in the Forth community, and sprung offshoots for other processors and operating environments. The language's roots are closer to the Forth machine languages Moore develops for his processors than to the mainstream standardized Forths in more widespread use. The language comes with its own tiny (63K) operating system. Practically everything is stored as source code and compiled as and when needed. The current colorForth environment is limited to running on Pentium grade PCs with limited support for lowest-common-denominator motherboards, AGP video, disk, and network hardware. Coloring in colorForth has semantic meaning. Red words start a definition and green words are compiled into the current definition. Thus, colorForth would be rendered in standard Forth as:   : color forth ;  Moore developed Forth in the early 1970s and created a series of implementations of the language. In the 1980s he diverged from (or rather ignored) the standardization of the language, instead continuing to evolve it. He developed a series of Forth-like languages, each fairly extreme in its simplicity: Machine Forth, OK, colorForth. There is some controversy about colorForth marginalizing color blind programmers, but Moore has stated that color is only one option for displaying the language. One of Moore's papers on colorForth was printed in black and white, but used italics and other typographical conventions to present source code.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "PLEX (Programming Language for EXchanges) is a special-purpose, concurrent, real-time programming language.  The PLEX language is closely tied to the architecture of Ericsson's AXE telephone exchanges which it was designed to control. PLEX was developed by Göran Hemdahl at Ericsson in the 1970s,  and it has been continuously evolving since then. PLEX was described in 2008 as \"a cross between Fortran and a macro assembler.\"The language has two variants: Plex-C used for the AXE Central Processor (CP) and Plex-M used for Extension Module Regional Processors (EMRP).",
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    "creators": "Brandon Barber",
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    "id": "cms-exec",
    "name": "EXEC",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_related": "exec-2 rexx",
    "wikipedia_summary": "CMS EXEC, or EXEC, is an interpreted, command procedure control, computer scripting language used by the CMS EXEC Processor supplied with the IBM Virtual Machine/Conversational Monitor System (VM/CMS) operating system. EXEC was written in 1966 by Stuart Madnick at MIT on the model of CTSS RUNCOM. He originally called this processor COMMAND, and it was later renamed EXEC. CMS EXEC has been superseded by EXEC 2 and REXX. All three — CMS EXEC, EXEC 2 and REXX — continue to be supported by the IBM CMS product.",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1986|Addison-Wesley|AMIGA ROM Kernel Reference Manual: Exec|Sassenrath, Carl|9780201110999\\n1993-04-01T00:00:01Z|SAMS Publishing|Assembly Language: For Real Programmers Only!/Disk Contains Programming Examples, Sets of Data Files, Interfaces for the 8086 and 80386/486 and Exec|Johnson, Marcus|9780672484704"
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    "id": "genshi",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Genshi is a template engine for XML-based vocabularies written in  Python.  Genshi is used to easily insert generated output into XML-based languages, usually HTML, and reuse elements between documents.  Genshi's syntax is based on Kid, but its architecture is different. Genshi aims to implement some of its functionality while processing templates faster, by dynamically processing templates using a stream based API, instead of compiling templates to Python code.Genshi can be used with several Python web frameworks, such as CherryPy, TurboGears, Pylons and web2py. Genshi has replaced Kid in the TurboGears 2.x web framework.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Sweden and Japan and United States and France and Germany and Switzerland",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Genshi",
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    "id": "lse",
    "name": "Langage Sans Espoir",
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    "standsFor": "Langage Sans Espoir",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "LSE (French: Langage symbolique d'enseignement) is a programming language developed at Supélec in the late 1970s/early 1980s. It is similar to BASIC, except with French-language instead of English-language keywords. It was derived from an earlier language called LSD, also developed at Supélec. It is most commonly said to be an acronym for Langage Symbolique d'Enseignement (Symbolic Teaching Language), but other expansions are also known (e.g. Langage de Sup-Élec, or the more cynical Langage Sans Espoir (hopeless language)). It originally flourished due to support from the French Ministry of National Education, but declined as the ministry lost interest. It went through a number of revisions; earlier versions of LSE lacked full support for structured programming, which later version added, along with exception handling.",
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    "wikipedia_related": "maxima pari-gp sagemath xcas yacas magma maple mathcad mathematica-editor mupad camal",
    "wikipedia_summary": "muMATH is a computer algebra system (CAS), which was developed in the late 1970s and early eighties by Albert D. Rich and David Stoutemyer of Soft Warehouse in Honolulu, Hawaii. It was implemented in the muSIMP programming language which was built on top of a LISP dialect called muLISP. Platforms supported were CP/M and TRS-DOS (since muMATH-79), Apple II (since muMATH-80) and DOS (in muMATH-83, the last version, which was published by Microsoft). The Soft Warehouse later developed Derive, another computer algebra system. The company was purchased by Texas Instruments in 1999, and development of Derive ended in 2006.",
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    "id": "tl",
    "name": "Typed Lua",
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    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/tl",
    "reference": "https://fosdem.org/2020/schedule/event/minimalistictypedlua/",
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    "id": "toi",
    "name": "Toi",
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    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://banna.tech/things/post/toy_language/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2021,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/bannana/language",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Toi is an imperative, type-sensitive language that provides the basic functionality of a programming language. The language was designed and developed from the ground-up by Paul Longtine. Written in C, Toi was created with the intent to be an educational experience and serves as a learning tool (or toy, hence the name) for those looking to familiarize themselves with the inner-workings of a programming language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2016,
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    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/bannana/language",
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    "id": "plb",
    "name": "Programming Language for Business",
    "appeared": 1972,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2022,
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    "standsFor": "Programming Language for Business",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1972,
    "wikipedia_related": "cobol java unix linux visual-basic sql xml",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Programming Language for Business or PL/B is a business-oriented programming language originally called DATABUS and designed by Datapoint in 1972 as an alternative to COBOL because Datapoint's 8-bit computers could not fit COBOL into their limited memory, and because COBOL did not at the time have facilities to deal with Datapoint's built-in keyboard and screen. A version of DATABUS became an ANSI standard, and the name PL/B came about when Datapoint chose not to release its trademark on the DATABUS name.",
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    "lab": "Datapoint Corporation",
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    "id": "markaby",
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    "id": "ip-pascal",
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    "creators": "Scott Moore",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "IP Pascal is an implementation of the Pascal programming language using the IP portability platform, a multiple machine, operating system and language implementation system.",
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    "id": "macchiato",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "POP-11 is a reflective, incrementally compiled programming language with many of the features of an interpreted language. It is the core language of the Poplog programming environment developed originally by the University of Sussex, and recently in the School of Computer Science at the University of Birmingham which hosts the Poplog website. POP-11 is an evolution of the language POP-2, developed in Edinburgh University and features an open stack model (like Forth, among others). It is mainly procedural, but supports declarative language constructs, including a pattern matcher and is mostly used for research and teaching in Artificial Intelligence, although it has features sufficient for many other classes of problems. It is often used to introduce symbolic programming techniques to programmers of more conventional languages like Pascal, who find POP syntax more familiar than that of Lisp. One of POP-11's features is that it supports first-class functions. Pop-11 is the core language of the Poplog system. The fact that the compiler and compiler subroutines are available at run-time (a requirement for incremental compilation) gives it the ability to support a far wider range of extensions than would be possible using only a macro facility. This made it possible for incremental compilers to be added for Prolog, Common Lisp and Standard ML, which could be added as required to support either mixed language development or development in the second language without using any Pop-11 constructs. This made it possible for Poplog to be used by teachers, researchers, or developers who were interested in only one of the languages. The most successful product developed in Pop-11 was the Clementine data-mining system, developed by ISL, as described in the entry on Poplog. After SPSS bought ISL they decided to port Clementine to C++ and Java, and eventually succeeded with great effort (and perhaps some loss of the flexibility provided by the use of an AI language!). As explained in the entries for Poplog and POP-2, Pop-11 was for a time available only as part of an expensive commercial package (Poplog), but since about 1999 it has been freely available as part of the Open Source version of Poplog, including various additional packages and teaching libraries. An online version of ELIZA using Pop-11 is available at Birmingham. At the University of Sussex David Young used Pop-11 in combination with C and Fortran to develop a suite of teaching and interactive development tools for image processing and vision, and has made them available in the Popvision extension to Poplog.",
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    "id": "tacl",
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    "id": "hoon",
    "name": "hoon",
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    "example": "::  A message you ping another ship with :: ::::  /===/mar/ping/message/hoon   :: /-  ping-message !: |_  ping-message ++  grab   |%   +=  noun     ping-message   -- --",
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    "id": "kernel",
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    "aka": "klisp",
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    "name": "Touch",
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    "id": "mheg-5",
    "name": "MHEG-5",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "MHEG-5, or ISO/IEC 13522-5, is part of a set of international standards relating to the presentation of multimedia information, standardised by the Multimedia and Hypermedia Experts Group (MHEG). It is most commonly used as a language to describe interactive television services.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
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    "country": "Switzerland",
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    "id": "hfs-plus",
    "name": "HFS Plus",
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    "wikipedia_related": "unicode ios linux hfs ntfs powerpc x86-isa",
    "wikipedia_summary": "HFS Plus or HFS+ is a file system developed by Apple Inc.  It replaced the Hierarchical File System (HFS) as the primary file system of Apple computers with the 1998 release of Mac OS 8.1.  HFS+ continued as the primary Mac OS X file system until it was itself replaced with the release of the Apple File System (APFS) with macOS High Sierra in 2017. HFS+ is also one of the formats used by the iPod digital music player. It is also referred to as Mac OS Extended or HFS Extended, where its predecessor, HFS, is also referred to as Mac OS Standard or HFS Standard. During development, Apple referred to this file system with the codename Sequoia.HFS Plus is an improved version of HFS, supporting much larger files (block addresses are 32-bit length instead of 16-bit) and using Unicode (instead of Mac OS Roman or any of several other character sets) for naming items. Like HFS, HFS Plus uses B-trees to store most volume metadata, but unlike most other file systems, HFS Plus supports hard links to directories. HFS Plus permits filenames up to 255 characters in length, and n-forked files similar to NTFS, though until 2005 almost no system software took advantage of forks other than the data fork and resource fork. HFS Plus also uses a full 32-bit allocation mapping table rather than HFS's 16 bits, significantly improving space utilization with large disks.",
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    "id": "worst",
    "name": "Worst",
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    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://worst.mitten.party/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "webRepl": "http://worst.mitten.party/repl/",
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    "id": "little-b",
    "name": "Little b",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "creators": "Aneil Mallavarapu",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_related": "linux lisp b c smalltalk",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Little b is a domain-specific programming language, more specifically, a modeling language, designed to build modular mathematical models of biological systems.  It was designed and authored by Aneil Mallavarapu.  Little b is being developed in the Virtual Cell Program at Harvard Medical School, headed by mathematician Jeremy Gunawardena. This language is based on Lisp and is meant to allow modular programming to model biological systems.  It will allow more flexibility to facilitate rapid change that is required to accurately capture complex biological systems. The language draws on techniques from artificial intelligence and symbolic mathematics, and provides  syntactic conveniences derived from object-oriented languages.  The language was originally denoted with a lowercase b (distinguishing it from B, the predecessor to the widely used C programming language, but the name was eventually changed to \"little b\" to avoid confusion and to pay homage to Smalltalk, the first object-oriented programming language.",
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    "id": "rascalmpl",
    "name": "RascalMPL",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_related": "linux unix antlr",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Rascal is an experimental domain specific language for metaprogramming, such as static code analysis, program transformation and implementation of domain specific languages. It is a general meta language in the sense that it does not have a bias for any particular software language. It includes primitives from relational calculus and term rewriting. Its syntax and semantics are based on procedural (imperative) and functional programming.",
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    "country": "The Netherlands",
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    "id": "gff-format",
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    "measurements": 9,
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    "wikipedia_related": "vcf-format",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The general feature format (gene-finding format, generic feature format, GFF) is a file format used for describing genes and other features of DNA, RNA and protein sequences. The filename extension associated with such files is .GFF and the content type associated with them is text/x-gff3. There are two versions of the GFF file format in general use:  General Feature Format Version 2.2 especially in its GTF variant Generic Feature Format Version 3 (Sequence Ontology Project)Servers that generate this format:  Clients that use this format:",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 48,
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    "lab": "Sanger Centre && Sequence Ontology",
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/gff3",
    "country": "United Kingdom and United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_feature_format",
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    "id": "getlang",
    "name": "GETlang",
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    "creators": "Matthew Fysh",
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    "tags": "queryLanguage",
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    "id": "ttcn",
    "name": "Tree and Tabular Combined Notation",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "standsFor": "Tree and Tabular Combined Notation",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "TTCN is a programming language used for testing of communication protocols and web services. A TTCN test suite consists of many test cases written in the TTCN programming language. Until version 2 the language was written in tables and called Tree and Tabular Combined Notation. Reading and editing this language required special TTCN editors. Beginning with version 3 TTCN was renamed to Testing and Test Control Notation. It is now closer to current programming languages and can be edited with traditional editors. TTCN-3 is more flexible than TTCN-2 in that it can be used for protocol testing as well as testing traditional software. All versions of TTCN need dedicated compilers or interpreters for execution. TTCN is widely used, for example; ETSI, ITU for the testing of telecommunication protocols. Conformance test cases of ETSI standards like ISDN, DECT, GSM, EDGE, 3G, DSRC have also been written in TTCN. Recently it has also been used for testing various protocol standards e.g. Bluetooth, IP. Execution of those test cases against products (e.g. phones, mobile phones, service enablers or network elements) is used to verify that the protocol implementation in those products meet the requirements defined by telecommunication standards. TTCN is often combined with ASN.1.",
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    "id": "ipf",
    "name": "Information Presentation Facility",
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    "standsFor": "Information Presentation Facility",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1997,
    "wikipedia_related": "ibm-gml html free-pascal",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Information Presentation Facility (IPF) is a system for presenting online help and hypertext on IBM OS/2 systems. IPF also refers to the markup language that is used to create IPF content. The IPF language has its origins in BookMaster and Generalized Markup Language developed by IBM. The IPF language is very similar to the well-known HTML language, version 3.0, with a range of additional possibilities. Therefore, a trained user may use virtually any word processor when creating IPF documents. The IPF language consists of 45 basic commands. IPF files are compiled using the IPF Compiler (IPFC) into viewable INF or HLP files. IPF HLP files are distinct from the WinHelp HLP files that are prevalent in Windows. OS/2 contains a built in viewer, and there are other viewers available for other platforms.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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    "wikipedia_example": ":lm margin=2.:font facename=Helv size=24x10. :p.:hp8.Welcome to PM123 !:ehp8. :font facename=Helv size=16x8. :p.:p. Hello and welcome to the wonderful world of digital music on OS/2. First we must congratulate you for choosing the best MPEG-audio player available for OS/2! PM123 has been in development since beginning of 1997 and has become the most advanced player on OS/2. Some of you may have used the earlier betas of PM123 and for your convenience, here are the new features in this release: .br :ul compact. :li. New skin options, allowing PM123 to be modified to just about anything. :li. Graphical :hp2.equalizer:ehp2., including pre-amplification and band mute. :li. Support for plugins, a :hp2.spectrum analyzer:ehp2. and :hp2.oscilloscope:ehp2. plugin. :li. :hp2.Playlist Manager:ehp2. for users, allowing easier managing of playlists. :li. Better HTTP streaming support: support for URLs in playlist, and M3Us for playlists. :li. Recursive directory adding. :li. Commandline and remote control of PM123. :li. General improvements in all parts of the player. :eul. .br .br :p.",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Presentation_Facility",
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    "id": "beflix",
    "name": "BEFLIX",
    "appeared": 1963,
    "creators": "Ken Knowlton",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2048,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "aka": "Bell Flicks",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1963,
    "wikipedia_summary": "BEFLIX is the name of the first embedded domain-specific language for computer animation, invented by Ken Knowlton at Bell Labs in 1963. The name derives from a combination of Bell Flicks. Ken Knowlton used BEFLIX to create animated films for educational and engineering purposes. He also collaborated with the artist Stan Vanderbeek at Bell Labs to create a series of computer-animated films called Poemfields between 1966 and 1969. BEFLIX was developed on the IBM 7090 mainframe computer using a Stromberg-Carlson SC2040 microfilm recorder for output. The programming environment targeted by BEFLIX consisted of a FORTRAN II implementation with FORTRAN II Assembly Program (FAP) macros.  The first version of BEFLIX was implemented through the FAP macro facility.  A later version targeting FORTRAN IV resembled a more traditional subroutine library and lost some of the unique flavor to the language. Pixels are produced by writing characters to the screen of the microfilm recorder with a defocused electron beam. The SC2040 used a charactron tube to expose microfilm.  In BEFLIX, the electron beam is defocused to draw pixels as blurred character shapes.  Characters are selected to create a range of grayscale values for pixels. The microfilm recorder is not connected directly to the 7090, but communicates through magnetic tape.  BEFLIX writes the magnetic tape output on the 7090 and the film recorder reads the tape to create the film output.  BEFLIX also supports a preview mode where selected frames of the output are written to the line printer.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "cgol",
    "name": "CGOL",
    "appeared": 1973,
    "creators": "Vaughan Ronald Pratt",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2049,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1973,
    "wikipedia_summary": "CGOL (pronounced \"see goll\") is an alternative syntax featuring an extensible algebraic notation for the Lisp programming language. It was designed for MACLISP by Vaughan Pratt and subsequently ported to Common Lisp.The notation of CGOL is a traditional infix notation, in the style of ALGOL, rather than Lisp's traditional, uniformly-parenthesized prefix notation syntax. The CGOL parser is based on Pratt's design for top-down operator precedence parsing, sometimes informally referred to as a \"Pratt parser\". Semantically, CGOL is essentially just Common Lisp, with some additional reader and printer support.",
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    "lab": "University of California Berkeley",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/ai-repository/ai/lang/lisp/code/syntax/cgol/0.html",
    "example": "for i in 1 to n do   for k in 1 to n do     (ac := 0;      for j in 1 to n do         ac := ac + a(i,j)*b(j,k);      c(i,k) := ac)",
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    "id": "exec-2",
    "name": "EXEC 2",
    "appeared": 1970,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2050,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1970,
    "wikipedia_related": "cms-exec rexx",
    "wikipedia_summary": "EXEC 2 is an interpreted, command procedure control, computer scripting language used by the EXEC 2 Processor supplied with the IBM Virtual Machine/System Product (VM/SP) operating system.EXEC 2 is similar to EXEC with the following enhancements: There is no 8-byte restriction on token length. Statements can be up to 255 characters long. EXEC 2 can issue commands to subcommand environments as well as CMS and CP. EXEC 2 has additional built-in functions. EXEC 2 commands may include subroutines and functions. EXEC 2 has extra debugging facilities. CMS programs can manipulate EXEC 2 variables.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 9424829,
    "lab": "IBM",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_1/SX24-5124-0_VM_SP_EXEC_2_Language_Reference_Summary_Jul80.pdf",
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    "id": "boa",
    "name": "boa",
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    "tags": "plzoo",
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    "primaryTag": "plzoo",
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    "description": "object-oriented, eager, first-class functions, dynamic types, extensible objects",
    "githubRepo_description": "object-oriented, eager, first-class functions, dynamic types, extensible objects",
    "lab": "University of Ljubljana",
    "rijuRepl_description": "object-oriented, eager, first-class functions, dynamic types, extensible objects",
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    "country": "Slovenia",
    "reference": "https://github.com/andrejbauer/plzoo",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Boa",
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    "id": "lain",
    "name": "lain",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://wiki.xxiivv.com/#lain",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2052,
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    "description": "Lain is both an inline scripting library that allows for complex templating of the wiki pages, and a programming language that exists at the core of the engine to load and parse content for each article.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Lain is both an inline scripting library that allows for complex templating of the wiki pages, and a programming language that exists at the core of the engine to load and parse content for each article.",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "Lain is both an inline scripting library that allows for complex templating of the wiki pages, and a programming language that exists at the core of the engine to load and parse content for each article.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "country": "Unknown",
    "example": "(add (sub 5 3) 2)                         ; Basic Math (λ (a b c) (concat a b c))                ; Lambda (def obj {:foo \"bar\"})                    ; Creating object (join obj:foo)                            ; Reading object parameters (def _sidebar (dom:create \"sidebar\"))     ; Creating DOM elements",
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    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
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    "domainName": "wiki.xxiivv.com"
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    "id": "lazy-k",
    "name": "Lazy K",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "esolang",
    "website": "https://tromp.github.io/cl/lazy-k.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2053,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "primaryTag": "esolang",
    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "lazyk",
    "description": "Lazy K is a garbage-collected, referentially transparent functional programming language, with a simple stream-based I/O system. What distinguishes Lazy K from other such languages is its almost total lack of other features.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Lazy K is a garbage-collected, referentially transparent functional programming language, with a simple stream-based I/O system. What distinguishes Lazy K from other such languages is its almost total lack of other features.",
    "lab": "https://tromp.github.io/",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Lazy K is a garbage-collected, referentially transparent functional programming language, with a simple stream-based I/O system. What distinguishes Lazy K from other such languages is its almost total lack of other features.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "esolang": "https://esolangs.org/wiki/Lazy_K",
    "fileType": "text",
    "quineRelay": "Lazy K",
    "country": "The Netherlands",
    "reference": "http://lambda-the-ultimate.org/node/406",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/lazyk",
    "rijuRepl_example": "K(S(S(S(S(S(S(SI`S`K(S(S`KS(S`KK(S`KS(S(S`KS(S`K`S(SI`KK)(S`KKK)))`K`K(SI`K0)))) )`K(S`K`S(S`KS(S`K`SI(S`KK(S`K(S(S(SSS)(SS(SSI(SS0))))S(S`KSK))(SI`K(S`KSK)))))) (S`KKK)))(SII)`K(SII(SII(S(S`KSK)I))))(S`K`S(S(S(SSS)(SS0))S)(SSSS))(SS(SS0))(S( SI(SS0))(SS(SS(SS(SS`S(SSS)(SS0))))))(SS(SS(SS(SSSSSS(SS0))))))`S(S(S(SS(SS0))(S S0))S))`K(SS0))`K(SS(SS(S(SSS)(SS(SS0))))))I(SSSSSS(SS0)))I(S(SI(SS0))(SS(SS(SS( SS`S(SSS)(SS0))))))(SS(S(S(S(SSS)(SS0))S)(SSSS(SS(SS0)))))(S(SSS)(S(SSS)(SS0)))` K0)",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "liso",
    "name": "Liso",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "creators": "Olivier Breuleux",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "dataNotation",
    "website": "http://breuleux.net/blog/liso.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2054,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "primaryTag": "dataNotation",
    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "o-expressions",
    "description": "Implemention of O-Expressions idea in Racket.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Implemention of O-Expressions idea in Racket.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/breuleux/liso/issues",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Implemention of O-Expressions idea in Racket.",
    "writtenIn": "racket",
    "compilesTo": "s-expressions",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 16,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "Canada",
    "reference": "http://breuleux.net/blog/oexprs.html",
    "example": "@varsrec       odd?[n] =          @if n == 0:             #f             even?[n - 1]       even?[n] =          @if n == 0:             #t             odd?[n - 1]:    even?[30]",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "lush",
    "name": "Lush",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "creators": "Leon Bottou and Yann Le Cun",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://lush.sourceforge.net/index.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2055,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20761,
    "hoplId": 8596,
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    "mainRepo": "https://sourceforge.net/projects/lush/",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Lisp Universal Shell",
    "description": "Lush is an object-oriented programming language designed for researchers, experimenters, and engineers interested in large-scale numerical and graphic applications. Lush is designed to be used in situations where one would want to combine the flexibility of a high-level, weakly-typed interpreted language, with the efficiency of a strongly-typed, natively-compiled language",
    "githubRepo_description": "Lush is an object-oriented programming language designed for researchers, experimenters, and engineers interested in large-scale numerical and graphic applications. Lush is designed to be used in situations where one would want to combine the flexibility of a high-level, weakly-typed interpreted language, with the efficiency of a strongly-typed, natively-compiled language",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Lush is an object-oriented programming language designed for researchers, experimenters, and engineers interested in large-scale numerical and graphic applications. Lush is designed to be used in situations where one would want to combine the flexibility of a high-level, weakly-typed interpreted language, with the efficiency of a strongly-typed, natively-compiled language",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "docs": "https://lush.sourceforge.net/doc.html",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Lush",
    "reference": "http://wiki.c2.com/?LushLanguage",
    "example": "(for (i 1 100)      (for (j 1 100)         (if (= i j) (print (* i j))))))",
    "gitRepo": "https://sourceforge.net/projects/lush/",
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  {
    "id": "mint",
    "name": "mint",
    "appeared": 2018,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.mint-lang.com",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2056,
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.mint",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "m/Mint.mint",
    "domainName_registered": 2018,
    "lab": "https://github.com/mint-lang",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "mint",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 15,
    "country": "Poland and Hungary and United States",
    "leachim6_example": "component Main {   fun render : Html {     <div>\"Hello World\"</div>   } } ",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/mint_lang",
    "leachim6": "Mint",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasStrings": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "domainName": "mint-lang.com",
    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|url|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n17161533|Mint-lang: a language for the front-end web|https://www.mint-lang.com/|2018-05-26 11:47:36 UTC|1527335256|galfarragem|106|112",
    "githubLanguage": "Mint"
  },
  {
    "id": "mlite",
    "name": "mLite",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "creators": "Nils M Holm",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.t3x.org/mlite/index.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2057,
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    "redditDiscussion": "https://www.reddit.com/r/programming/comments/2ouscr/the_mlite_language_t3xorg/",
    "description": "a lightweight (and slightly odd) inhabitant of the ML universe.",
    "githubRepo_description": "a lightweight (and slightly odd) inhabitant of the ML universe.",
    "lab": "https://www.t3x.org",
    "rijuRepl_description": "a lightweight (and slightly odd) inhabitant of the ML universe.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 15,
    "influencedBy": "ml",
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    "docs": "https://www.t3x.org/mlite/mll.pdf",
    "country": "Germany",
    "reference": "https://lobste.rs/s/ukhvbs/mlite_language",
    "example": ";; create lists of numbers fun iota (a, b) where (a = b)                 = [a]        | (a, b) = a :: iota (a + 1, b)        | a      = iota (1, a)",
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    "id": "quorum",
    "name": "quorum",
    "appeared": 2013,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://quorumlanguage.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2058,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "q/Quorum.quorum",
    "lab": "University of Washington",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://bitbucket.org/stefika/quorum-language",
    "leachim6_example": "output \"Hello World\"",
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  {
    "id": "rql",
    "name": "RQL",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220310181429/https://www.logilab.org/project/rql",
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    "mainRepo": "https://forge.extranet.logilab.fr/cubicweb/RQL",
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    "country": "France",
    "reference": "https://github.com/logilab",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "RQL",
    "gitRepo": "https://forge.extranet.logilab.fr/cubicweb/RQL",
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    "id": "sarl",
    "name": "SARL",
    "appeared": 2013,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.sarl.io",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "jvm.py",
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    "lab": "https://github.com/sarl",
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    "country": "Australia and France",
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  {
    "id": "stella",
    "name": "stella",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.isi.edu/isd/LOOM/Stella/index.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "example": "(defun (lisp-null-array-symbol-string STRING) ((rank INTEGER))   ;; Used in the lisp translation code, insdie a verbatim   ;; to return Lisp-specific-code.   (CASE rank     (1 (return \"STELLA::NULL-1D-ARRAY\"))     (2 (return \"STELLA::NULL-2D-ARRAY\"))     (3 (return \"STELLA::NULL-3D-ARRAY\"))     (4 (return \"STELLA::NULL-4D-ARRAY\"))     (5 (return \"STELLA::NULL-5D-ARRAY\"))     (otherwise (return \"STELLA::NULL\"))))",
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    "example": "define fibfast(n)   ; Typical function notation   if {n < 2}        ; Indentation, infix {...}      n              ; Single expr = no new list      fibup n 2 1 0  ; Simple function calls",
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    "id": "t3x",
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    "docs": "https://www.t3x.org/t3x/t3x.html",
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    "example": "USE t3x: t; DO t.write(T3X.SYSOUT, \"Hello, World!\\n\", 14); END",
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    "githubRepo_description": "Verifpal is new software for verifying the security of cryptographic protocols. The Verifpal language is meant to illustrate protocols close to how one may describe them in an informal conversation, while still being precise and expressive enough for formal modeling. Verifpal reasons about the protocol model with explicit principals: Alice and Bob exist and have independent states.",
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    "example": "// All lines that start with \"//\" are treated as comments and ignored by Verifpal // A principal block looks like the following principal SmartphoneA[  // In the line below we state that Alice knows the public BroadcastKey    knows public BroadcastKey    // SK is going to be a secret random value  // To define it we use the \"generates\" keyword  // We will use the following template for SK variable names  // SK[day number][principal initial]    generates SK0A    // We will use the following template for EphID variable names  // EphID[day number][value number][principal initial]    EphID00A, EphID01A, EphID02A = HKDF(nil, SK0A, BroadcastKey) ]",
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    "id": "gdata",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "GData (Google Data Protocol) provides a simple protocol for reading and writing data on the Internet, designed by Google. GData combines common XML-based syndication formats (Atom and RSS) with a feed-publishing system based on the Atom Publishing Protocol, plus some extensions for handling queries. It relies on XML or JSON as a data format. Google provides GData client libraries for Java, JavaScript, .NET, PHP, Python, and Objective-C.",
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    "reference": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/google-help-dataapi",
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    "id": "citrine",
    "name": "Citrine",
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    "country": "The Netherlands",
    "reference": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23885059",
    "example": "salut := 'Bună țară!'. salut țară: 'România'. scrie: salut.",
    "twitter": "https://twitter.com/citrinelanguage",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrine",
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    "id": "oracle-java",
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    "website": "https://www.oracle.com/java/",
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    "id": "parquet",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Apache Parquet is a free and open-source column-oriented data storage format in the Apache Hadoop ecosystem. It is similar to RCFile and ORC, the other columnar-storage file formats in Hadoop, and is compatible with most of the data processing frameworks around Hadoop. It provides efficient data compression and encoding schemes with enhanced performance to handle complex data in bulk.",
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    "id": "holyc",
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    "description": "HolyC is a variation of C developed by Terry A. Davis. HolyC is the official programming language for The Temple Operating System (TempleOS).",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://web.archive.org/web/20170325000321/http://www.templeos.org/Wb/Doc/HolyC.html",
    "example": "U0 Main()   {     I16 i1;     I32 j1;     j1=i1=0x12345678;           //Resulting i1 is 0x5678 but j1 is 0x12345678        I64 i2=0x8000000000000000;     Print(\"%X\\n\",i2>>1);        //Res is 0xC000000000000000 as expected        U64 u3=0x8000000000000000;     Print(\"%X\\n\",u3>>1);        //Res is 0x4000000000000000 as expected        I32 i4=0x80000000;          //const is loaded into a 64-bit reg var.     Print(\"%X\\n\",i4>>1);        //Res is 0x40000000        I32 i5=-0x80000000;     Print(\"%X\\n\",i5>>1);        //Res is 0xFFFFFFFFC0000000   }",
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    "id": "mybb",
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    "wikipedia_related": "php mysql postgresql sqlite subversion javascript jquery twig wordpress xml",
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    "id": "pro-star-c",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Pro*C (also known as Pro*C/C++) is an embedded SQL programming language used by Oracle Database database management systems.  Pro*C uses either C or C++ as its host language.  During compilation, the embedded SQL statements are interpreted by a precompiler and replaced by C or C++ function calls to their respective SQL library.  The output from the Pro*C precompiler is standard C or C++ code that is then compiled by any one of several C or C++ compilers into an executable.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "RAPID is a high-level programming language used to control ABB industrial robots. RAPID was introduced along with S4 Control System in 1994 by ABB, superseding the ARLA programming language. Features in the language include:  Routine parameters: Procedures - used as a subprogram. Functions - return a value of a specific type and are used as an argument of an instruction. Trap routines - a means of responding to interrupts. Arithmetic and logical expressions Automatic error handling Modular programs Multi tasking",
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    "id": "msp430",
    "name": "TI MSP430",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Sinclair BASIC is a dialect of the programming language BASIC used in the 8-bit home computers from Sinclair Research and Timex Sinclair. The Sinclair BASIC interpreter was made by Nine Tiles Networks Ltd.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 43,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 136,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 253,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 395538,
    "lab": "Sinclair Research && Timex Sinclair",
    "isOpenSource": "false",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 235,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "  10 PRINT \"Hello world!\"   ",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinclair_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "cobolscript",
    "name": "CobolScript",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://web.archive.org/web/20010402110850/http://deskware.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2087,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20725,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "c/CobolScript.cbl",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_related": "cobol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "CobolScript is a programming language created by Matthew Dean and Charles Schereda of Deskware in 1999. The language was intended to provide web-enabled COBOL, and was targeted at businesses using legacy software written in that language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2016,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 6,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 16,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 10,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 50155661,
    "lab": "Deskware",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "cbl",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 51,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "country": "United States",
    "leachim6_example": "DISPLAY `Content-type: text/html `. DISPLAY LINEFEED. DISPLAY `<HTML><BODY>`. DISPLAY `<CENTER>Hello World</CENTER>`. DISPLAY `</BODY></HTML>`. GOBACK. ",
    "leachim6": "CobolScript",
    "printToken": "DISPLAY",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CobolScript",
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  {
    "id": "elan",
    "name": "ELAN",
    "appeared": 1974,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.cs.ru.nl/elan/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2088,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20725,
    "hoplId": 1319,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1974,
    "wikipedia_related": "algol-68 basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ELAN is an educational programming language for learning and teaching systematic programming. It was developed in 1974 by C.H.A. Koster and a group at the Technical University of Berlin as an alternative to BASIC in teaching, and approved for use in secondary schools in Germany by the \"Arbeitskreis Schulsprache\". It is in use in a number of schools in Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Hungary for informatics teaching in secondary education, and used at the Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands for teaching systematic programming to students from various disciplines and in teacher courses. The language design focuses strongly on structured programming, and has a special construction for stepwise refinement, allowing students to focus on top-down design, and bottom-up coding.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 6,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 10,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 29,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1179492,
    "lab": "Technical University of Berlin",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 51,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Elan",
    "country": "Germany",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELAN_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1319"
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  {
    "id": "nuprl",
    "name": "Nuprl",
    "appeared": 1984,
    "creators": "Robert Lee",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl mathematics",
    "website": "https://nuprl-web.cs.cornell.edu/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2089,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20725,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "FDL",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1984,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Nuprl is a proof development system, providing computer-mediated analysis and proofs of formal mathematical statements, and tools for software verification and optimization.  Originally developed in the 1980s by Robert Lee Constable and others, the system is now maintained by the PRL Project at Cornell University.  The currently supported version, Nuprl 5, is also known as FDL (Formal Digital Library).  Nuprl functions as an automated theorem proving system and can also be used to provide proof assistance.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 6,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 13,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 45609427,
    "lab": "Cornell University",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 51,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "influencedBy": "automath",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuprl",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "ten",
    "name": "ten",
    "appeared": 2019,
    "creators": "Ray Stubbs",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://ten-lang.io",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2090,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20725,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/ten-lang/libten",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2019,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2022,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2019,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 6,
    "githubRepo_forks": 4,
    "githubRepo_stars": 36,
    "githubRepo_issues": 1,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2019,
    "repoStats_commits": 196,
    "repoStats_committers": 1,
    "repoStats_files": 184,
    "fileExtensions": "ten",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 51,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "example": "each( irange( 1, 101 )   [ num ]     if       num % 15 = 0: show\"FizzBuzz \"       num % 3  = 0: show\"Fizz \"       num % 5  = 0: show\"Buzz \"     else       show( num, \" \" ) ) show( N )",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/ten-lang/libten",
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    "domainName": "ten-lang.io"
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  {
    "id": "rio",
    "name": "rio",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2091,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 5,
    "pldbScore": 20720,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/tjpalmer/rio",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2017,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2017,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 8,
    "githubRepo_forks": 0,
    "githubRepo_stars": 95,
    "githubRepo_issues": 0,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2017,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 1014,
    "repoStats_committers": 3,
    "repoStats_files": 50,
    "repoStats_mb": 3,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 14120,
    "lab": "University of Oklahoma",
    "writtenIn": "rust wasm svg toml markdown",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 99,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 15,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://web.archive.org/web/20180228184559/https://www.cs.ou.edu/~tjpalmer/",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/tjpalmer/rio",
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    "id": "gema",
    "name": "General-purpose macro processor",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "website": "http://gema.sourceforge.net/new/index.shtml",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2092,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20717,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "grammarLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1960,
    "wikipedia_summary": "A general-purpose macro processor or general purpose preprocessor is a macro processor that is not tied to or integrated with a particular language or piece of software. A macro processor is a program that copies a stream of text from one place to another, making a systematic set of replacements as it does so. Macro processors are often embedded in other programs, such as assemblers and compilers. Sometimes they are standalone programs that can be used to process any kind of text. Macro processors have been used for language expansion (defining new language constructs that can be expressed in terms of existing language components), for systematic text replacements that require decision making, and for text reformatting (e.g. conditional extraction of material from an HTML file).",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 42,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 23,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3062858,
    "lab": "https://sourceforge.net/p/gema/mailman/",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 231,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "Various",
    "example": "gema -match -p 'Title\\:*\\n=$0@end' foo",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General-purpose_macro_processor",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "openlisp",
    "name": "OpenLisp",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "creators": "Christian Jullien",
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2093,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20716,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1988,
    "wikipedia_related": "emacs-editor lisp c x86-isa sparc powerpc mips arm unix linux freebsd solaris islisp common-lisp regex xml sql java unicode interlisp lisp-machine-lisp scheme le-lisp t emacs-lisp autolisp picolisp eulisp newlisp racket guile clojure arc lfe http smtp mysql sqlite postgresql csv",
    "wikipedia_summary": "OpenLisp is a programming language in the Lisp family developed by Christian Jullien. It conforms to the international standard for ISLISP published jointly by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), ISO/IEC 13816:1997(E), revised to ISO/IEC 13816:2007(E).Written in the programming languages C and Lisp, it runs on most common operating systems. OpenLisp is designated an ISLISP implementation, but also contains many Common Lisp-compatible extensions (hashtable, readtable, package, defstruct, sequences, rational numbers) and other libraries (network socket, regular expression, XML, Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), SQL, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)).OpenLisp includes an interpreter associated to a read–eval–print loop (REPL), a Lisp Assembly Program (LAP) and a backend compiler for the language C.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2012,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 15,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 39,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 142,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 34994823,
    "lab": "Eligis (one person company)",
    "isOpenSource": "false",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 95,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:OpenLisp",
    "country": "Brazil",
    "wikipedia_example": "static POINTER OLDEFCOMPILED1(olfib_00, p1) {         POINTER a1;         POINTER VOLATILE a2;          ollapenter(SN_OLFIB_00);         a1 = p1;         if (eq(a1, olmakefix(1))) goto _l004;         if (!eq(a1, olmakefix(2))) goto _l003;         ollapleave(SN_OLFIB_00);         return olmakefix(1); _l003:         a1 = ollapgsub(a1, olmakefix(1));         a2 = olfib_00(a1);         a1 = ollapgsub(p1, olmakefix(2));         a1 = olfib_00(a1);         a1 = ollapgadd(a2, a1); _l004:         ollapleave(SN_OLFIB_00);         return a1; }",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenLisp",
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  {
    "id": "thinbasic",
    "name": "ThinBasic",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2094,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20716,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2015,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic c visual-basic powerbasic opengl opencl xml freebasic microsoft-macro-assembler",
    "wikipedia_summary": "thinBasic is a BASIC-like computer programming language interpreter with a central core engine architecture surrounded by many specialized modules. Although originally designed mainly for computer automation, thanks to its modular structure it can be used for wide range of tasks.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 15,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 96,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 2046810,
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 95,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "wikipedia_example": "' Specifies program will use functions from console module uses \"Console\"  ' TBMain represents main body of the program function TBMain()   ' Creates variable to hold user name   local UserName as string    ' Asks user for the name   Console_Print(\"What is your name?: \")    ' Stores it to variable   UserName = Console_ReadLine    ' If length of username is 0 then no name is specified, else program will say hello   if len(UserName) = 0 then     Console_PrintLine(\"No user name specified...\")   else     Console_PrintLine(\"Hello \" + UserName + \"!\")   end if    ' Waits for any key from user before program ends   Console_WaitKey end function",
    "lineCommentToken": "'",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ThinBasic",
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  {
    "id": "saol",
    "name": "SAOL",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2095,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20714,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Structured Audio Orchestra Language",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_related": "csound",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Structured Audio Orchestra Language (SAOL) is an imperative, MUSIC-N programming language designed for describing virtual instruments, processing digital audio, and applying sound effects. It was published as subpart 5 of MPEG-4 Part 3 (ISO/IEC 14496-3:1999) in 1999.As part of the MPEG-4 international standard, SAOL is one of the key components of the MPEG-4 Structured Audio toolset, along with:  Structured Audio Score Language (SASL) Structured Audio Sample Bank Format (SASBF) The MPEG-4 SA scheduler MIDI support",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 6,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 11,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 17,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 8684340,
    "description": "The MPEG-4 Structured Audio Orchestra Language",
    "githubRepo_description": "The MPEG-4 Structured Audio Orchestra Language",
    "lab": "Moving Picture Experts Group",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The MPEG-4 Structured Audio Orchestra Language",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 50,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "country": "Switzerland and United Kingdom",
    "reference": "https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1116129",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_Audio_Orchestra_Language",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=6450"
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  {
    "id": "dartmouth-basic",
    "name": "Dartmouth BASIC",
    "appeared": 1964,
    "creators": "John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz",
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2096,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20713,
    "hoplId": 1948,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1964,
    "wikipedia_related": "algol basic microsoft-basic true-basic act-iii algol-60 ascii hp-time-shared-basic basic-plus altair-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Dartmouth BASIC is the original version of the BASIC programming language.  It is so named because it was designed and implemented at Dartmouth College by John Kemény and Thomas Kurtz. It was developed as part of the Dartmouth Time Sharing System (DTSS) and was one of the first programming languages intended to be used interactively. Several versions were produced at Dartmouth over the years, all implemented as compile and go compilers. They were implemented by teams of undergraduate programmers working for Kemény and Kurtz.  The first version ran on 1 May 1964, and it was opened to general users in June; upgrades followed, culminating in the seventh release in 1979. Dartmouth also introduced a dramatically updated version known as Structured BASIC (or SBASIC) in 1975, which added various structured programming concepts. SBASIC formed the basis of the ANSI-standard Standard BASIC efforts in the early 1980s. Most dialects of BASIC, notably Microsoft BASIC (MS BASIC), can trace their history to the Fifth Edition. In contrast to the Dartmouth compilers, most other BASICs were written as interpreters. They also lack some of the more advanced features, notably the matrix math commands. Cutting these features allowed these versions to run in the very small main memory of early microcomputers. By the early 1980s, tens of millions of home computers were running some variant of the MS interpreter. It became the de facto standard for BASIC, which led to the abandonment of the ANSI SBASIC efforts. Kemény and Kurtz later left Dartmouth to develop and promote a version of SBASIC known as True BASIC. Many of the early computer games of the mainframe computer era trace their history to Dartmouth BASIC and the DTSS system. A selection of these were collected, in HP 2000 versions, in the People's Computer Company book What to do after you hit Return. Many of the original source listings in BASIC Computer Games and related works also trace their history to Dartmouth BASIC.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 42,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 126,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 516845,
    "lab": "Dartmouth College",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 230,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "5 LET S = 0 10 MAT INPUT V 20 LET N = NUM 30 IF N = 0 THEN 99 40 FOR I = 1 TO N 45   LET S = S + V(I) 50 NEXT I 60 PRINT S/N 70 GO TO 5 99 END",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dartmouth_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1948"
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  {
    "id": "dinkc",
    "name": "Dink Smallwood",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "creators": "Seth Robinson",
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2097,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20713,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1998,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux android c",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Dink Smallwood is an action role-playing video game, developed by Robinson Technologies, at the time consisting of Seth Robinson, Justin Martin, and Greg Smith. It was first released in 1998 before being released as freeware on October 17, 1999. Mitch Brink composed several of the game's music tracks, while others are MIDI forms of classical music, such as Debussy's \"Reverie\". The game has a small but constant fan following that continues to develop add-ons for the game more than a decade after its release. The game is also notable for its humorous dialogue and surrealistic themes in various scenes between the gameplay.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 42,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 35,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 1320860,
    "lab": "Robinson Technologies",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 230,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Japan",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dink_Smallwood",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "balgol",
    "name": "BALGOL",
    "appeared": 1959,
    "creators": "Bob Barton",
    "measurements": 18,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2098,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20700,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "lab": "Burroughs",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 20,
    "influencedBy": "algol-58 fortran",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "reference": "https://www.digm.com/UNITE/2019/2019-Origins-Burroughs-Algol.pdf",
    "example": "INTEGER I..., J..., K..., L..., M..., N...$ BOOLEAN KEEP, LAST$ REAL MAT..., JOULES$ REAL OTHERWISE$ FUNCTION TORADS(DEGREES) = DEGREES . 3.1415926/180$ FUNCTION PYTHAGOREAN(A, B) = SQRT(A*2 + B*2)$ FOR I = 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, (13, 7, 99), 101, (103, 1, 125)$    A(I) = I$  UNTIL A > 125 OR OUTTAHERE$    BEGIN    OUTTAHERE = A EQL 77$    A = A + 3    END$",
    "hasAssignment": true,
    "hasBooleans": true,
    "hasConditionals": true,
    "hasExpressions": true,
    "hasFloats": true,
    "hasFunctions": true,
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "hasLists": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "fml-lang",
    "name": "FML",
    "appeared": 2012,
    "creators": "Joe Groff",
    "measurements": 18,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2099,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20700,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Function Manipulation Language",
    "description": "fml is an optimizing, function-oriented, array programming language. Unlike other array programming languages, it aims to have a less symbol-heavy but still concise syntax, and non-strict semantics that allow for high-level optimization. Note that fml is not: meant for serious use always faster than systems languages like C/C++/etc. always more expressive than general-purpose languages like Python, Javascript, etc. suitable for cryptography, real-time, or low-level applications that require fine control of time and space complexity",
    "githubRepo_description": "fml is an optimizing, function-oriented, array programming language. Unlike other array programming languages, it aims to have a less symbol-heavy but still concise syntax, and non-strict semantics that allow for high-level optimization. Note that fml is not: meant for serious use always faster than systems languages like C/C++/etc. always more expressive than general-purpose languages like Python, Javascript, etc. suitable for cryptography, real-time, or low-level applications that require fine control of time and space complexity",
    "lab": "https://duriansoftware.com",
    "rijuRepl_description": "fml is an optimizing, function-oriented, array programming language. Unlike other array programming languages, it aims to have a less symbol-heavy but still concise syntax, and non-strict semantics that allow for high-level optimization. Note that fml is not: meant for serious use always faster than systems languages like C/C++/etc. always more expressive than general-purpose languages like Python, Javascript, etc. suitable for cryptography, real-time, or low-level applications that require fine control of time and space complexity",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 20,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 36,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 3,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 50540803,
    "lab": "KUKA Robotics Corporation",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/kuka",
    "country": "Germany",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KUKA_Robot_Language",
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  },
  {
    "id": "subrip-text",
    "name": "SubRip Text",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "application",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2128,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 20637,
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    "primaryTag": "application",
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 4,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SubRip",
    "example": "168 00:20:41,150 --> 00:20:45,109 - How did he do that? - Made him an offer he couldn't refuse.",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "1 00:00:01,250 --> 00:00:03,740 Adding NCL language.  2 00:00:04,600 --> 00:00:08,730 Thanks for the pull request! Do you know if these files are NCL too?  3 00:00:09,800 --> 00:00:13,700 Those are poorly-named documentation files for NCL functions.  4 00:00:14,560 --> 00:00:17,200 - What's better? - This is better.  5 00:00:18,500 --> 00:00:23,000 - Would it be correct to recognise these files as text? - Yes.  6 00:00:23,890 --> 00:00:30,000 In that case, could you add \"NCL\" to the text entry in languages.yml too?  7 00:00:30,540 --> 00:00:35,250 I added the example to \"Text\" and updated the license in the grammar submodule.  8 00:00:38,500 --> 00:00:42,360 Cloning the submodule fails for me in local with this URL.  9 00:00:42,360 --> 00:00:45,250 Could you use Git or HTTPS...?  10 00:00:46,810 --> 00:00:50,000 I updated the grammar submodule link to HTTPS.  11 00:00:51,100 --> 00:00:57,000 It's still failing locally. I don't think you can just update the .gitmodules file.  12 00:00:57,750 --> 00:01:03,000 You'll probably have to remove the submodule and add it again to be sure.  13 00:01:04,336 --> 00:01:11,800 - I'll see first if it's not an issue on my side... - I removed the submodule and added it back with HTTPS.  14 00:01:13,670 --> 00:01:18,000 I tested the detection of NCL files with 2000 samples.  15 00:01:18,000 --> 00:01:25,000 The Bayesian classifier doesn't seem to be very good at distinguishing text from NCL.  16 00:01:25,000 --> 00:01:30,740 We could try to improve it by adding more samples, or we can define a new heuristic rule.  17 00:01:31,300 --> 00:01:36,200 - Do you want me to send you the sample files? - Yes, please do.  18 00:01:37,500 --> 00:01:39,500 In your inbox.  19 00:01:41,285 --> 00:01:48,216 - So if I manually go through these and sort out the errors, would that help? - Not really.  20 00:01:48,540 --> 00:01:55,145 It's a matter of keywords so there's not much to do there except for adding new samples.  21 00:01:55,447 --> 00:02:02,000 If adding a few more samples doesn't improve things, we'll see how to define a new heuristic rule.  22 00:02:04,740 --> 00:02:09,600 - I added quite a few NCL samples. - That's a bit over the top, isn't it?  23 00:02:10,250 --> 00:02:16,000 We currently can't add too many samples because of #2117.  24 00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:20,830 (sigh) I decreased the number of added samples.  25 00:02:21,630 --> 00:02:25,300 Could you test the detection results in local with the samples I gave you?  26 00:02:26,000 --> 00:02:28,670 - What is the command to run that test? - Here...  27 00:02:28,716 --> 00:02:38,650 [Coding intensifies]  28 00:02:38,650 --> 00:02:43,330 It is getting hung up on a false detection of Frege in one of the Text samples.  29 00:02:43,540 --> 00:02:46,115 Do you have any suggestions for implementing a heuristic?  30 00:02:47,640 --> 00:02:55,200 #2441 should fix this. In the meantime, you can change this in \"test_heuristics.rb\"  31 00:02:55,165 --> 00:02:57,240 Why did you have to change this?  32 00:02:57,777 --> 00:03:04,480 - It doesn't work for me unless I do that. - Hum, same for me. Arfon, does it work for you?  33 00:03:04,920 --> 00:03:08,830 Requiring linguist/language doesn't work for me either.  34 00:03:09,300 --> 00:03:13,885 We restructured some of the requires a while ago and I think this is just out-of-date code.  35 00:03:14,065 --> 00:03:20,950 From a large sample of known NCL files taken from Github, it's now predicting with about 98% accuracy.  36 00:03:21,183 --> 00:03:28,000 For a large sample of other files with the NCL extension, it is around 92%.  37 00:03:27,880 --> 00:03:30,950 From those, nearly all of the errors come from one GitHub repository,  38 00:03:30,950 --> 00:03:34,160 and they all contain the text strings, \"The URL\" and \"The Title\".  39 00:03:35,660 --> 00:03:43,260 - Do you mean 92% files correctly identified as text? - Yes, it correctly identifies 92% as text.  40 00:03:44,000 --> 00:03:46,150 I'd really like to see this dramatically reduced.  41 00:03:46,150 --> 00:03:51,150 What happens if we reduce to around 5 NCL sample files?  42 00:03:51,150 --> 00:03:52,600 Does Linguist still do a reasonable job?  43 00:03:53,470 --> 00:03:58,190 I reduced it to 16 NCL samples and 8 text samples.  44 00:03:58,190 --> 00:04:01,720 It correctly classifies my whole set of known NCL files.  45 00:04:01,870 --> 00:04:05,730 I tried with 5 samples but could not get the same level of accuracy.  46 00:04:06,670 --> 00:04:10,400 It incorrectly classifies all of the NCL files in this GitHub repository.  47 00:04:11,130 --> 00:04:14,660 All of these files contain the text strings, \"THE_URL:\" and \"THE_TITLE:\".  48 00:04:14,660 --> 00:04:19,500 It did not misclassify any other text-files with the extension NCL.  49 00:04:19,970 --> 00:04:25,188 With 100% accuracy? Does that mean it that the results are better with less samples??  50 00:04:25,610 --> 00:04:31,190 I also removed a sample text-file which should have been classified as an NCL file.  51 00:04:31,000 --> 00:04:35,895 I think that probably made most of the difference, although I didn't test it atomically.  52 00:04:35,895 --> 00:04:38,370 Okay, that makes more sense.  53 00:04:39,515 --> 00:04:43,450 I don't get the same results for the text files. Full results here.  54 00:04:44,650 --> 00:04:50,000 They all look correctly classified to me, except for the ones in Fanghuan's repository.  55 00:04:50,000 --> 00:04:55,920 I manually went through all of the ones where I didn't already know based on the filename or the repository owner.  56 00:04:56,526 --> 00:05:00,000 [Presses button] It now correctly classifies all of my test files.  57 00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:05,970 R. Pavlick, thanks for this. These changes will be live in the next release of Linguist. In the next couple of weeks.  58 00:05:05,970 --> 00:05:07,450 Great! Thanks.",
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    "id": "wavefront-material",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "reference": "https://github.com/Alhadis/language-wavefront/blob/master/specs/mtl.rst",
    "example": "newmtl flat_green Ka 0.0000 0.2000 0.0000 Kd 0.0000 0.8000 0.0000 illum 1",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# 3ds Max Wavefront OBJ Exporter v0.97b - (c)2007 guruware # File Created: 27.05.2016 16:27:25  newmtl wire_088177027  Ns 32  d 1  Tr 0  Tf 1 1 1  illum 2  Ka 0.34509805 0.69411767 0.10588236  Kd 0.34509805 0.69411767 0.10588236  Ks 0.34999999 0.34999999 0.34999999",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/Alhadis/language-wavefront",
    "githubLanguage": "Wavefront Material"
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    "id": "world-of-warcraft-addon-data",
    "name": "World of Warcraft Addon Data",
    "appeared": 2012,
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    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "reference": "http://wowwiki.wikia.com/wiki/TOC_format",
    "example": "## Interface: 70300 ## Title: Waiting for Bob ## Notes: Nothing to be done. ## Version: 1.0 Bob.xml Bob.lua # comment",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "## Interface: 60200 ## Title: Vahevian Lotus Vane ## Notes: \"Critical Threat Range\" ## Version: 4.2 Vahevia.xml Lotus_Vane.lua",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/nebularg/language-toc-wow",
    "githubLanguage": "World of Warcraft Addon Data"
  },
  {
    "id": "x-font-directory-index",
    "name": "X Font Directory Index",
    "appeared": 1991,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "application",
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    "rank": 2131,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 20637,
    "isLanguage": false,
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    "primaryTag": "application",
    "githubLanguage_filenames": "encodings.dir fonts.alias fonts.dir fonts.scale",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "reference": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!search/mkfontdir/comp.windows.x/zYxw3Vkaht4/KUSt85opBwoJ",
    "example": "2 sutonnymj.pfa -altsys-SutonnyMJ-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-adobe-fontspecific rinkymj.pfa -altsys-RinkyMJ-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-adobe-fontspecific",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "! This is Alhadis's `fonts.alias' file, taken from his OpenBSD ! install's `/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/' directory. FONT_NAME_ALIASES lucidasans-bolditalic-8 -b&h-lucida-bold-i-normal-sans-11-80-100-100-p-69-iso8859-1 lucidasans-bolditalic-10 -b&h-lucida-bold-i-normal-sans-14-100-100-100-p-90-iso8859-1 lucidasans-bolditalic-12 -b&h-lucida-bold-i-normal-sans-17-120-100-100-p-108-iso8859-1 lucidasans-bolditalic-14 -b&h-lucida-bold-i-normal-sans-20-140-100-100-p-127-iso8859-1 lucidasans-bolditalic-18 -b&h-lucida-bold-i-normal-sans-25-180-100-100-p-159-iso8859-1 lucidasans-bolditalic-24 -b&h-lucida-bold-i-normal-sans-34-240-100-100-p-215-iso8859-1 lucidasans-bold-8 -b&h-lucida-bold-r-normal-sans-11-80-100-100-p-70-iso8859-1 lucidasans-bold-10 -b&h-lucida-bold-r-normal-sans-14-100-100-100-p-89-iso8859-1 lucidasans-bold-12 -b&h-lucida-bold-r-normal-sans-17-120-100-100-p-108-iso8859-1 lucidasans-bold-14 -b&h-lucida-bold-r-normal-sans-20-140-100-100-p-127-iso8859-1 lucidasans-bold-18 -b&h-lucida-bold-r-normal-sans-25-180-100-100-p-158-iso8859-1 lucidasans-bold-24 -b&h-lucida-bold-r-normal-sans-34-240-100-100-p-216-iso8859-1 lucidasans-italic-8 -b&h-lucida-medium-i-normal-sans-11-80-100-100-p-62-iso8859-1 lucidasans-italic-10 -b&h-lucida-medium-i-normal-sans-14-100-100-100-p-80-iso8859-1 lucidasans-italic-12 -b&h-lucida-medium-i-normal-sans-17-120-100-100-p-97-iso8859-1 lucidasans-italic-14 -b&h-lucida-medium-i-normal-sans-20-140-100-100-p-114-iso8859-1 lucidasans-italic-18 -b&h-lucida-medium-i-normal-sans-25-180-100-100-p-141-iso8859-1 lucidasans-italic-24 -b&h-lucida-medium-i-normal-sans-34-240-100-100-p-192-iso8859-1 \"lucidasans-8 with spaces attached\" \"-b&h-lucida-medium-r-normal-sans-11-80-100-100-p-63-iso8859-1\" \"lucidasans-10 with spaces attached too\" \"-b&h-\\\"lucida-medium\\\"-r-normal-sans-14-100-100-100-p-80-iso8859-1\" lucidasans-12 -b&h-lucida-medium-r-normal-sans-17-120-100-100-p-96-iso8859-1 lucidasans-14 -b&h-lucida-medium-r-normal-sans-20-140-100-100-p-114-iso8859-1 lucidasans-18 -b&h-lucida-medium-r-normal-sans-25-180-100-100-p-142-iso8859-1 lucidasans-24 -b&h-lucida-medium-r-normal-sans-34-240-100-100-p-191-iso8859-1 lucidasanstypewriter-bold-8 -b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-11-80-100-100-m-70-iso8859-1 lucidasanstypewriter-bold-10 -b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-14-100-100-100-m-80-iso8859-1 lucidasanstypewriter-bold-12 -b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-17-120-100-100-m-100-iso8859-1 lucidasanstypewriter-bold-14 -b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-20-140-100-100-m-120-iso8859-1 lucidasanstypewriter-bold-18 -b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-25-180-100-100-m-150-iso8859-1 lucidasanstypewriter-bold-24 -b&h-lucidatypewriter-bold-r-normal-sans-34-240-100-100-m-200-iso8859-1 lucidasanstypewriter-8 -b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-11-80-100-100-m-70-iso8859-1 lucidasanstypewriter-10 -b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-14-100-100-100-m-80-iso8859-1 lucidasanstypewriter-12 -b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-17-120-100-100-m-100-iso8859-1 lucidasanstypewriter-14 -b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-20-140-100-100-m-120-iso8859-1 lucidasanstypewriter-18 -b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-25-180-100-100-m-150-iso8859-1 lucidasanstypewriter-24 -b&h-lucidatypewriter-medium-r-normal-sans-34-240-100-100-m-200-iso8859-1",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/Alhadis/language-fontforge",
    "githubLanguage": "X Font Directory Index"
  },
  {
    "id": "xcompose",
    "name": "XCompose",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "application",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2132,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 20637,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "githubLanguage_filenames": ".XCompose XCompose xcompose",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "config.xcompose",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 200,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "reference": "https://wiki.debian.org/XCompose",
    "example": "include \"%L\"  <Multi_key> <g> <a> : \"α\" <Multi_key> <g> <b> : \"β\" <Multi_key> <g> <g> : \"γ\"",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "# for Emacs: -*- coding: utf-8 -*- include \"%L\"  # def emit(keys, codepoint, word): #     print ('<Multi_key> %s <period>\\t: \"%s\"\\tU%04X\\t\\t# CIRCLED DIGIT %s' % #            (keys, unichr(codepoint), codepoint, word)).encode('utf8') # numbers = 'one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty' # words = numbers.upper().split() # emit('<0>', 0x24EA, \"ZERO\") # for num, word in zip(range(1, 21), words): #     emit(' '.join(\"<%s>\" % char for char in str(num)), 0x245f + num, word)  # Custom additions: Typography <Multi_key> <period> <period>  : \"…\" U2026  # HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS <Multi_key> <v> <period> <period> : \"⋮\" U22EE  # VERTICAL ELLIPSIS <Multi_key> <c> <period> <period> : \"⋯\" U22EF  # MIDLINE HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS <Multi_key> <slash> <period> <period> : \"⋰\" U22F0  # UP RIGHT DIAGONAL ELLIPSIS # To avoid conflict with \\. for combining dot above. #<Multi_key> <backslash> <period> <period> : \"⋱\" U22F1  # DOWN RIGHT DIAGONAL ELLIPSIS <Multi_key> <period> <backslash> <period> : \"⋱\" U22F1  # DOWN RIGHT DIAGONAL ELLIPSIS # Will we someday regret this, wanting 2. for ⒉ ? <Multi_key> <2> <period>     : \"‥\" U2025  # TWO DOT LEADER # This should not be needed. #<Multi_key> <1> <period>    : \"․\" U2024  # ONE DOT LEADER <Multi_key> <c> <1> <period>    : \"·\" U00B7  # MIDDLE DOT (maybe I can remember the keystroke better? <Multi_key> <period> <slash> <period> : \"⁒\" U2052  # COMMERCIAL MINUS SIGN # Printable sign for space.  But is \\<space> too useful a key combo to use # for this? <Multi_key> <backslash> <space>  : \"␣\" U2423  # OPEN BOX # These two are already present for me: # <Multi_key> <minus> <minus> <minus> : \"—\" U2014  # EM DASH # <Multi_key> <minus> <minus> <period> : \"–\" U2013  # EN DASH <Multi_key> <minus> <minus> <space> : \"– \"   # EN DASH (followed by space) <Multi_key> <minus> <asciitilde> <minus> : \"―\" U2015 # HORIZONTAL BAR <Multi_key> <minus> <2> <M>    : \"⸺\" U2E3A # TWO-EM DASH <M",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/samcv/language-xcompose",
    "githubLanguage": "XCompose"
  },
  {
    "id": "cplex",
    "name": "CPLEX",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "creators": "Robert Bixby",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "application",
    "website": "https://www.ibm.com/products/ilog-cplex-optimization-studio",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2133,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20636,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "lp-format",
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "CPLEX is an optimization software package that solves linear programming, mixed integer programming, and quadratic programming problems. It is widely used in industry for solving large-scale optimization problems.",
    "githubRepo_description": "CPLEX is an optimization software package that solves linear programming, mixed integer programming, and quadratic programming problems. It is widely used in industry for solving large-scale optimization problems.",
    "lab": "IBM",
    "rijuRepl_description": "CPLEX is an optimization software package that solves linear programming, mixed integer programming, and quadratic programming problems. It is widely used in industry for solving large-scale optimization problems.",
    "isOpenSource": "false",
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPLEX",
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  {
    "id": "fardlang",
    "name": "Fardlang",
    "appeared": 2022,
    "creators": "CompilingCoder and JustCoding123 and zplusfour and Hg0428",
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "esolang",
    "website": "https://github.com/Sarang0218/ResearchAndDevFor_Fardlang",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2134,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "pldbScore": 20634,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/Sarang0218/ResearchAndDevFor_Fardlang",
    "primaryTag": "esolang",
    "githubRepo_created": 2022,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2022,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2022,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 1,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2022,
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    "example": "selection Canada~India title Population of different countries subtitle How many people live in each country? type DiscreteBar hasMapTab true hideControls true ySlugs Population table  Country Population Year MapleleafsInFlag  Canada 32000000 2020 1  India 1000000000 2020 0  France 50000000 2020 0 columns  slug type name notes  Country EntityName Country Unreviewed  Population Numeric Population Unreviewed  Year Year Year Unreviewed  MapleleafsInFlag Numeric MapleleafsInFlag Unreviewed",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Tynker is an educational programming platform aimed at teaching children how to make games and programs.  Instead of typing the source code, you visually drag blocks of code and snap them together. The visual design and principles are based on the free Scratch, just like Hopscotch and Snap!. Tynker is based on HTML5 and JavaScript, and can be used in the browser without plugins, as well as on tablets and smartphones. Another difference is that Scratch is a free open source project, while Tynker is a commercial product, aimed at selling courses. Tynker offers self-paced online courses for children to learn coding at home, as well as an engaging programming curriculum for schools and camps. It makes it easier for kids to learn coding as it teaches kids coding through creating games like Minecraft, Hour of Code etc.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Game Oriented Assembly Lisp (or GOAL) is a video game programming language developed by Andy Gavin and the Jak and Daxter team at Naughty Dog. It was written using Allegro Common Lisp and used in the development of the entire Jak and Daxter series of games. Syntactically GOAL resembles Scheme, though with many idiosyncratic features such as classes, inheritance, and virtual functions. GOAL encourages an imperative programming style: programs tend to consist of a sequence of events to be executed rather than the functional programming style of functions to be evaluated recursively. This is a diversion from Scheme, which allows such side-effects but does not encourage imperative style. GOAL does not run in an interpreter, but instead is compiled directly into PlayStation 2 machine code for execution. It offers limited facilities for garbage collection, relying extensively on runtime support. It offers dynamic memory allocation primitives designed to make it well-suited to running in constant memory on a video game console. GOAL has extensive support for inlined assembly code using a special rlet form, allowing programmers to freely mix assembly and higher-level constructs within the same function. The GOAL compiler is implemented in Allegro Common Lisp. It supports a long term compiling listener session which gives the compiler knowledge about the state of the compiled and therefore running program, including the symbol table. This, in addition to dynamic linking, allows a function to be edited, recompiled, uploaded, and inserted into a running game without having to restart. The process is similar to the \"edit and continue\" feature offered by some C++ compilers, but allows the programmer to replace arbitrary amounts of code (even up to entire object files), and does not interrupt the running game with the debugger. This feature was used to implement code as well as level streaming in the Jak and Daxter games. GOAL's first use was for the Jak and Daxter: The Precursor Legacy game. The predecessor language, Game Oriented Object Lisp (GOOL), was also developed by Andy Gavin for the Crash Bandicoot game. Since Naughty Dog no longer employs GOAL's primary development and maintenance engineer and they were under pressure from their new parent company (Sony) to share technology between studios, Naughty Dog transitioned away from Lisp. However, they have since resumed using it for scripting on some PlayStation 3 games, including The Last of Us.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Shakespeare Programming Language (SPL) is an esoteric programming language designed by Jon Åslund and Karl Hasselström. Like the Chef programming language, it is designed to make programs appear to be something other than programs; in this case, Shakespearean plays. A character list in the beginning of the program declares a number of stacks, naturally with names like \"Romeo\" and \"Juliet\". These characters enter into dialogue with each other in which they manipulate each other's topmost values, push and pop each other, and do I/O. The characters can also ask each other questions which behave as conditional statements. On the whole, the programming model is very similar to assembly language but much more verbose.",
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    "id": "altran",
    "name": "ALTRAN",
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    "creators": "W. Stanley Brown",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "ALTRAN was a FORTRAN extension providing rational algebra, developed by W.S. Brown, at Bell Labs around 1968.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Cayenne is a dependently typed functional programming language created by Lennart Augustsson in 1998, making it one of the earliest dependently type programming language (as opposed to proof assistant or logical framework). A notable design decision is that the language allows unbounded recursive functions to be used on the type level, making type checking undecidable. Most dependently typed proof assistants and later dependently typed languages such as Agda included a termination checker to prevent the type checker from looping, while the contemporary Dependent ML restricted the expressivity of the type-level language to maintain decidability. There are very few building blocks in the language, but much syntactic sugar to make it more readable. The basic types are functions, products, and sums. Functions and products use dependent types to gain additional power. The syntax is largely borrowed from Haskell. There is no special module system, because with dependent types records (products) are powerful enough to define modules. The Cayenne implementation was written in Haskell, and it also translated to Haskell, but is currently no longer being maintained.",
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/cayenne",
    "country": "Sweden",
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    "id": "janus-lang",
    "name": "Janus",
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    "creators": "Christopher Lutz and Howard Derby and Tetsuo Yokoyama and Robert Glück",
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "website": "http://bollwyvl.github.io/TangleDown/",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 39,
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    "example": "If you eat t[number](cookies ' cookies'), you consume t[](calories ' calories'). This constitutes t[](dailypercent percent) of a daily intake of t[number](100<dailycalories..100 ' calories').  t[if](overninek) ~ # It's over 9000!  ~~~~.initialize #cookies: 3 #calories: 150 #dailypercent: 1 #dailycalories: 2100 #overninek: 0 ~~~~ ~~~~.update #calories: #cookies * 50 #dailypercent: (#cookies * 50) / #dailycalories #overninek: #calories > 9000 ~~~~",
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    "id": "tiddlywiki",
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    "wikipedia_related": "html css javascript",
    "wikipedia_summary": "TiddlyWiki is an open-source single page application wiki in the form of a single HTML file that includes CSS, JavaScript, and the content. It is designed to be easy to customize and re-shape depending on application. It facilitates re-use of content by dividing it into small pieces called Tiddlers.",
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    "codeMirror": "tiddlywiki",
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    "id": "pqq",
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    "creators": "Corrado Böhm",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "P′′ is a primitive computer programming language created by Corrado Böhm in 1964 to describe a family of Turing machines.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "A man-machine language or MML is a specification language.  MML typically are defined to standardize the interfaces for managing a telecommunications or network device from a console. ITU-T Z.300 series recommendations define an MML, that has been extended by Telcordia Technologies (formerly Bellcore) to form Transaction Language 1.",
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    "country": "Switzerland",
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    "id": "small-c",
    "name": "Small-C",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Small-C is both a subset of the C programming language, suitable for resource-limited microcomputers and embedded systems, and an implementation of that subset. Originally valuable as an early compiler for microcomputer systems available during the late 1970s and early 1980s, the implementation has also been useful as an example simple enough for teaching purposes. The original compiler, written in Small-C for the Intel 8080 by Ron Cain, appeared in the May 1980 issue of Dr. Dobb's Journal of Computer Calisthenics & Orthodontia. James E. Hendrix improved and extended the original compiler, and wrote The Small-C Handbook. Ron bootstrapped Small-C on the SRI International PDP 11/45 Unix system with an account provided by John Bass for Small C development. The provided source code was released with management permission into the public domain. Small-C was important for tiny computers in a manner somewhat analogous to the importance of GCC for larger computers. Just like its Unix counterparts, the compiler generates assembler code, which then must be translated to machine code by an available assembler. Small-C is a retargetable compiler. Porting Small-C requires only that the back-end code generator be rewritten for the target processor.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 33,
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    "id": "acme",
    "name": "Acme",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~acme/docs/language_overview.html",
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    "description": "Acme is a simple, generic software architecture description language (ADL) that can be used as a common interchange format for architecture design tools and/or as a foundation for developing new architectural design and analysis tools. This site provides an introduction to Acme along with a collection of useful Acme software and technical information.",
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/acme",
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    "example": "[days] * Sunday note: holiday! * Monday * Tuesday  Whitespace is still fine around the '*'   *   Wednesday  * Thursday  Friday! * Friday * Saturday [] [+books] kicker: Books you should read  score: ★★★★★!!! title: Wuthering Heights author: Emily Brontë  title: Middlemarch author: George Eliot score: ★★★★☆ []",
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    "id": "bag-format",
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    "website": "http://wiki.ros.org/Bags",
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    "description": "A bag is a file format in ROS for storing ROS message data. Bags -- so named because of their .bag extension -- have an important role in ROS, and a variety of tools have been written to allow you to store, process, analyze, and visualize them.",
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  {
    "id": "bla",
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    "country": "Netherlands",
    "example": "map(f,[])    = [] map(f,[h|t]) = [f(h)|map(f,t)]  qsort([],_)     = [] qsort([h|t],lt) = append(qsort(filter(lambda(x) = lt(x,h),t),lt),                       [h|qsort(filter(lambda(x) = not lt(x,h),t),lt)])  stack[T]() = self where   d = []   isempty() = d=[]   push(x:T) do d:=[x|d]   pop():T = d | []    -> nil   -- raise stack_empty               | [h|t] -> h do d:=t",
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  {
    "id": "d2",
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    "tags": "textMarkup",
    "website": "https://d2-lang.com/",
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    "standsFor": "Declarative Diagramming",
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    "lab": "Terrastruct, Inc",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32652291",
    "example": "aws: {   load_balancer -> api   api -> db } gcloud: {   auth -> db }  gcloud -> aws  explanation: |md   # Why do we use AWS?   - It has more uptime than GCloud   - We have free credits | {   near: aws }",
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    "id": "indental",
    "name": "Indental",
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    "description": "This space-sensitive database format is designed to store a dictionary of elements, accessible by name. The parser is a mere 50 lines, and allows for human-readable data structures for static sites such as Oscean, also see Tablatal. In the Indental file, an unindented line declares the key to a new root node, children lines can associate either parameters or lists to their parent node, a line divided with a colon will associate a value to a parameter to the parent node, and a sequence of equally indented lines will append to a list.",
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  {
    "id": "kilo-lisp",
    "name": "Kilo LISP",
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    "creators": "Nils M Holm",
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    "website": "https://www.t3x.org/klisp/index.html",
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    "aka": "klisp",
    "description": "Kilo LISP is a small interpreter for purely symbolic LISP. Its source consists of 25K bytes of comprehensible code (20KB C, 5KB LISP) and it runs in 64K bytes of memory. None the less it offers: lexical scoping, tail call elimination, macros, quasiquotation, variable-argument functions, constant-space garbage collection, image files, keyboard interrupt handling",
    "githubRepo_description": "Kilo LISP is a small interpreter for purely symbolic LISP. Its source consists of 25K bytes of comprehensible code (20KB C, 5KB LISP) and it runs in 64K bytes of memory. None the less it offers: lexical scoping, tail call elimination, macros, quasiquotation, variable-argument functions, constant-space garbage collection, image files, keyboard interrupt handling",
    "lab": "https://www.t3x.org",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Kilo LISP is a small interpreter for purely symbolic LISP. Its source consists of 25K bytes of comprehensible code (20KB C, 5KB LISP) and it runs in 64K bytes of memory. None the less it offers: lexical scoping, tail call elimination, macros, quasiquotation, variable-argument functions, constant-space garbage collection, image files, keyboard interrupt handling",
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    "docs": "https://www.t3x.org/klisp/klisp.txt.html",
    "country": "Germany",
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    "example": "((a . b) . c) (a . (b . c)) ((a . b) . (c . d))",
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    "id": "krml",
    "name": "KRML",
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    "creators": "Edward Anderson",
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    "tags": "textMarkup",
    "website": "https://github.com/edwardanderson/krml",
    "spec": "https://github.com/edwardanderson/krml/blob/main/docs/specification.md",
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  {
    "id": "lisaac",
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    "leachim6_example": "// Hello World in Lisaac  Section Header  + name  := HELLO_WORLD;  Section Inherit   - parent_object:OBJECT := OBJECT;  Section Public   - main <-  (   \"Hello World !\\n\".print;  ); ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/lisaac",
    "rijuRepl_example": "Section Header   + name := MAIN;  Section Public   - main <-   (     \"Hello, world!\\n\".print;   ); ",
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    "id": "luau",
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    "website": "https://roblox.github.io/luau/",
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    "description": "Luau is a fast, small, safe, gradually typed embeddable scripting language derived from Lua. It is used by Roblox game developers to write game code, as well as by Roblox engineers to implement large parts of the user-facing application code as well as portions of the editor (Roblox Studio) as plugins.",
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    "example": "type Point = { x: number, y: number }  local p = { x = 1, y = 2 }  print(p.x, p.y) -- print(p.z) results in a type error",
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  {
    "id": "misty",
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    "description": "The Misty Programming Language is a dynamic, general-purpose, transitional, secure, distributed process language. It has a gentle syntax that is intended to benefit students, as well as advanced features such as capability security and lambdas with lexical scoping.",
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    "id": "nasal",
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    "id": "slack",
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    "creators": "Stevan Apter",
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    "id": "smalltalkhub-pm",
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    "id": "tom",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Tom is a programming language particularly well-suited for programming various transformations on tree structures and XML based documents. Tom is a language extension which adds new matching primitives to C and Java as well as support for rewrite rules systems. The rules can be controlled using a strategy language. Tom is good for: programming by pattern matching developing compilers and DSL transforming XML documents implementing rule based systems describing algebraic transformations",
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    "id": "dasl",
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    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2197,
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    "standsFor": "Distributed Application Specification Language",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The DASL Programming Language (Distributed Application Specification Language) is a high-level, strongly typed programming language originally developed at Sun Microsystems Laboratories between 1999 and 2003 as part of the Ace Project.  The goals of the project were to enable rapid development of web-based applications based on Sun's J2EE architecture, and to eliminate the steep learning curve of platform-specific details. DASL defines an application as a domain model with one or more logical presentation models, where a logical presentation model consists of a choreography of the domain model objects described in a set of forms with attached actions.  DASL generates the graphical user interface directly from the logical presentation.  DASL is unique among modern application programming languages in its ability to generate a modern graphic user interface for an application without requiring the programmer to define the user interface explicitly, while allowing the programmer to control the look and feel of the generated graphic user interface. The DASL language is partially declarative and partially procedural. Description of object/data structures and persistence, and the description of the logical presentation, are declarative. Basic object constraints and behavior are declarative, while additional object behaviors are specified procedurally as methods. Queries can be defined either declaratively or by writing methods. The language and development environment are a practical realization of the model-driven architecture (MDA) approach. The programmer uses DASL to produce the platform-independent model or PIM, and the language code generators automatically produce and deploy the platform-specific model or PSM. New PSMs may be introduced by writing new code generators.",
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    "id": "le-lisp",
    "name": "Le-Lisp",
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    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2198,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Le Lisp (also Le_Lisp and Le-Lisp) is a programming language, a dialect of the language Lisp.It was developed at the French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation (INRIA), to be an implementation language for a very large scale integration (VLSI) workstation being designed under the direction of Jean Vuillemin. Le Lisp also had to run on various incompatible platforms (mostly running Unix operating systems) that were used by the project. The main goals for the language were to be a powerful post-Maclisp version of Lisp that would be portable, compatible, extensible, and efficient.Jérôme Chailloux led the Le Lisp team, working with Emmanuel St. James, Matthieu Devin, and Jean-Marie Hullot in 1980. The dialect is historically noteworthy as one of the first Lisp implementations to be available on both the Apple II and the IBM PC.",
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    "lab": "Inria",
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    "country": "France",
    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/64fc9c227da975bc762a88a13668e924c26b1e05",
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    "id": "lis",
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    "standsFor": "Langage Implementation Systeme",
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    "wikipedia_related": "ada",
    "wikipedia_summary": "LIS (Language d'Implementation de Systèmes) was a system implementation programming language designed by Jean Ichbiah, who later designed Ada. LIS was used to implement the compiler for the Ada-0 subset of Ada at Karlsruhe on the BS2000 Siemens operating system. Later on the Karlsruhe Ada compilation system got rewritten in Ada-0 itself, which was easy, because LIS and Ada-0 are very close.",
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    "lab": "Groupe Bull",
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    "id": "optimj",
    "name": "OptimJ",
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    "measurements": 10,
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    "wikipedia_related": "java algebraic-modeling-language",
    "wikipedia_summary": "OptimJ is an extension of the Java with language support for writing optimization models and abstractions for bulk data processing. The extensions and the proprietary product implementing the extensions were developed by Ateji which went out of business in September 2011. OptimJ aims at providing a clear and concise algebraic notation for optimization modeling, removing compatibility barriers between optimization modeling and application programming tools, and bringing software engineering techniques such as object-orientation and modern IDE support to optimization experts. OptimJ models are directly compatible with Java source code, existing Java libraries such as database access, Excel connection or graphical interfaces. OptimJ is compatible with development tools such as Eclipse, CVS, JUnit or JavaDoc. OptimJ is available free with the following solvers: lp_solve, glpk, LP or MPS file formats and also supports the following commercial solvers: Gurobi, MOSEK, IBM ILOG CPLEX Optimization Studio.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 67,
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    "lab": "Ateji",
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    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/capjamesg/knowledge-graph-language",
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    "id": "parrot-basic",
    "name": "Parrot BASIC",
    "appeared": 2009,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2242,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2016,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Parrot is a register-based process virtual machine designed to run dynamic languages efficiently. It is possible to compile Parrot assembly language and PIR (an intermediate language) to Parrot bytecode and execute it. Parrot is free and open source software.Parrot was started by the Perl community and is developed with help from the open source and free software communities. As a result, it is focused on license compatibility with Perl (Artistic License 2.0), platform compatibility across a broad array of systems, processor architecture compatibility across most modern processors, speed of execution, small size (around 700k depending on platform), and the flexibility to handle the varying demands made by Perl 6 and other modern dynamic languages. Version 1.0, with a stable API for development, was released on March 17, 2009.The current version is release 8.1.0 \"Andean Parakeet\"",
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    "wikipedia_example": ".sub 'main' :main     $I1 = 4     inc $I1     # $I1 is now 5     $I1 += 2    # $I1 is now 7     $N1 = 42.0     dec $N1     # $N1 is now 41.0     $N1 -= 2.0  # $N1 now 39.0     print $I1     print ', '     print $N1     print \"\\n\"  .end",
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    "id": "dynamo",
    "name": "DYNAMO",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "DYNAMO (DYNAmic MOdels) is a discontinued a simulation language and accompanying graphical notation developed within the system dynamics analytical framework.  It was originally for industrial dynamics but was soon extended to other applications, including population and resource studies and urban planning.DYNAMO was initially developed under the direction of Jay Wright Forrester in the late 1950s, by Dr. Phyllis Fox, Alexander L. Pugh III, Grace Duren, and others at the M.I.T. Computation Center. The earliest versions were written in assembly language for the IBM 704, then for the IBM 709 and IBM 7090.  DYNAMO II was written in AED-0, an extended version of Algol 60. Dynamo II/F, in 1971, generated portable FORTRAN code and both Dynamo II/F and Dynamo III improved the system's portability by being written in FORTRAN.DYNAMO was used for the system dynamics simulations of global resource-depletion reported in the Club of Rome's Limits to Growth. Originally designed for batch processing on mainframe computers, it was made available on minicomputers in the late 1970s, and became available as \"micro-Dynamo\" on personal computers in the early 1980s. The language went through several revisions from DYNAMO II up to DYNAMO IV in 1983, but has since fallen into disuse.",
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    "id": "quaint-lang",
    "name": "quaint-lang",
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    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
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    "repoStats_mb": 1,
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    "lab": "https://github.com/bbu/quaint-lang/issues",
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    "country": "Bulgaria",
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    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n11507234|Show HN: Quaint – a statically typed language with seamless resumable functions|2016-04-15 20:05:29 UTC|1460750729|bluetomcat|3|4"
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    "primaryTag": "notation",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Forsyth–Edwards Notation (FEN) is a standard notation for describing a particular board position of a chess game. The purpose of FEN is to provide all the necessary information to restart a game from a particular position. FEN is based on a system developed by Scottish newspaper journalist David Forsyth. Forsyth's system became popular in the 19th century; Steven J. Edwards extended it to support use by computers. FEN is an integral part of the Portable Game Notation for chess games, since FEN is used to define initial positions other than the standard one. FEN does not represent sufficient information to decide whether a draw by threefold repetition may be legally claimed or a draw offer may be accepted; for that, a different format such as Extended Position Description is needed.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 109,
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/fen",
    "example": "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1",
    "wikipedia_example": "rnbqkbnr/pp1ppppp/8/2p5/4P3/5N2/PPPP1PPP/RNBQKB1R b KQkq - 1 2",
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    "githubLanguage_group": "C",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "c_cpp",
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    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-csrc",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.c",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1989,
    "wikipedia_related": "c x-pixmap",
    "wikipedia_summary": "In computer graphics, the X Window System used X BitMap (XBM), a plain text binary image format, for storing cursor and icon bitmaps used in the X GUI. The XBM format is superseded by XPM, which first appeared for X11 in 1989.",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 69,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "#define image_width 32 #define image_height 32 static unsigned char image_bits[] = {  0x00, 0xF0, 0x0F, 0x00,  0x00, 0xFE, 0x7F, 0x00,  0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00,  0xC0, 0x1F, 0xF8, 0x03,  0xE0, 0x03, 0xC0, 0x07,  0xF0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x0F,  0x78, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1E,  0x38, 0xC0, 0x0F, 0x3C,  0x3C, 0xE0, 0x1F, 0x38,  0x3E, 0xF0, 0x1F, 0x78,  0xFE, 0xF9, 0x1F, 0x70,  0xFE, 0xFF, 0x1C, 0x70,  0xEF, 0x7F, 0x00, 0xE0,  0x07, 0x7F, 0x00, 0xE0,  0x07, 0xFE, 0x03, 0xE0,  0x07, 0xFE, 0x0F, 0xE0,  0x07, 0x9E, 0x3F, 0xE0,  0x07, 0x1E, 0xFE, 0xE0,  0x07, 0x3E, 0xF8, 0xE3,  0x0F, 0x7E, 0xE0, 0xFF,  0x0E, 0xFC, 0x9C, 0xFF,  0x0E, 0xFC, 0x1F, 0x7E,  0x1E, 0xF8, 0x1F, 0x78,  0x1C, 0xF0, 0x1F, 0x38,  0x38, 0xE0, 0x0F, 0x3C,  0x78, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1E,  0xF0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0F,  0xE0, 0x03, 0xC0, 0x07,  0xC0, 0x0F, 0xF0, 0x03,  0x80, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x01,  0x00, 0xFE, 0x7F, 0x00,  0x00, 0xF0, 0x1F, 0x00, }; ",
    "wikipedia_example": "#define test_width 16 #define test_height 7 static char test_bits[] = { 0x13, 0x00, 0x15, 0x00, 0x93, 0xcd, 0x55, 0xa5, 0x93, 0xc5, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x60 };",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_BitMap",
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    "name": "X PixMap",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "application",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2247,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "X PixMap (XPM) is an image file format used by the X Window System, created in 1989 by Daniel Dardailler and Colas Nahaboo working at Bull Research Center at Sophia Antipolis, France, and later enhanced by Arnaud Le Hors.It is intended primarily for creating icon pixmaps, and supports transparent pixels. Derived from the earlier XBM syntax, it is a plain text file in the XPM2 format or of a C programming language syntax, which can be included in a C program file.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "/* XPM */ static char * stick_unfocus_xpm[] = { \"20 17 20 1\", \"  c None\", \". c #EBEBEB\", \"+ c #E9E9E9\", \"@ c #E6E6E6\", \"# c #E5E5E5\", \"$ c #E2E2E2\", \"% c #DFDFDF\", \"& c #DEDEDE\", \"* c #FEFEFE\", \"= c #C4C4C4\", \"- c #898989\", \"; c #B7B7B7\", \"> c #6A6A6A\", \", c #B9B9B9\", \"' c #E4E4E4\", \") c #686868\", \"! c #E0E0E0\", \"~ c #666666\", \"{ c #E8E8E8\", \"] c #E1E1E1\", \"....................\", \"....................\", \".....+@#$%&%$#@+....\", \"....+*********=&+...\", \"....@*********-=#...\", \"....#**;;;;;**>,'...\", \"....$**;**;;**);$...\", \"....%**;;;;;**>;&...\", \"....&**;***;**>;&...\", \"....&**;;;;;**>;&...\", \"....!*********~;!...\", \"....!*********>,&...\", \"....@=->)>>>)>-=#...\", \"....+&=,;;;;;,=&+...\", \".....{]%%&&&&%@+....\", \"....................\", \"....................\"}; ",
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    "id": "corman-common-lisp",
    "name": "Corman Common Lisp",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "creators": "Scott Fahlman and Richard P. Gabriel and David A. Moon and Kent Pitman and Guy Steele and Dan Weinreb and Roger Corman",
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://groups.google.com/g/cormanlisp",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2248,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
    "wikipedia_related": "common-lisp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Corman Common Lisp is a commercial implementation of the Common Lisp programming language featuring support for the Windows operating system.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
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    "lab": "Corman Technologies",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "dsd",
    "name": "Document Structure Description",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
    "website": "https://www.brics.dk/DSD/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2249,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20446,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "xmlFormat",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Document Structure Description, or DSD, is a schema language for XML, that is, a language for describing valid XML documents. It's an alternative to DTD or the W3C XML Schema. An example of DSD in its simplest form:  <dsd xmlns=\"http://www.brics.dk/DSD/2.0\"  xmlns:my=\"http://example.com\">    <if><element name=\"my:foo\"/>   <declare>    <attribute name=\"first\"/>    <attribute name=\"second\"/>    <contents>     <element name=\"my:bar\"/>    </contents>   </declare>  </if>    <if><element name=\"my:bar\"/>   <declare>    <contents>    </contents>   </declare>  </if>   </dsd>  This says that element named \"foo\" in the XML namespace \"http://example.com\" may have two attributes, named \"first\" and \"second\". A \"foo\" element may not have any character data. It must contain one subelement, named \"bar\", also in the \"http://example.com\" namespace. A \"bar\" element is not allowed any attributes, character data or subelements. One XML document that would be valid according to the above DSD would be:  <foo xmlns=\"http://example.com\" second=\"2\">  <bar/> </foo>",
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    "lab": "AT&T && QinetiQ",
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    "country": "United States and Denmark",
    "reference": "https://www.brics.dk/DSD/dsd.html",
    "example": "<dsd xmlns=\"http://www.brics.dk/DSD/2.0[permanent dead link]\"  xmlns:my=\"http://example.com\">    <if><element name=\"my:foo\"/>   <declare>    <attribute name=\"first\"/>    <attribute name=\"second\"/>    <contents>     <element name=\"my:bar\"/>    </contents>   </declare>  </if>    <if><element name=\"my:bar\"/>   <declare>    <contents>    </contents>   </declare>  </if>   </dsd>",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document_Structure_Description",
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    "id": "gauche",
    "name": "Gauche Scheme implementation",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://practical-scheme.net/gauche/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2250,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2018,
    "wikipedia_related": "scheme clos guile",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Gauche is an R7RS Scheme implementation.  It is designed for scripting in a production environment.  It is intended to allow programmers and system administrators to write scripts in support of daily operations. Quick startup, built-in system interface, native multilingual support are some of its key design goals. Gauche is free software under the BSD License.  It is primarily developed by Shiro Kawai.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
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    "lab": "https://sourceforge.net/p/gauche/mailman/gauche-devel/",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 61,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "country": "United States",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauche_(Scheme_implementation)",
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    "id": "ecological-metadata-language",
    "name": "Ecological Metadata Language",
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    "measurements": 10,
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    "rank": 2251,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "primaryTag": "xmlFormat",
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    "aka": "eml",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1997,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Ecological Metadata Language (EML) is a metadata standard developed by and for the ecology discipline. It is based on prior work done by the Ecological Society of America and others, including the Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity. EML is a set of XML schema documents that allow for the structural expression of metadata.  It was developed specifically to allow researchers to document a typical data set in the ecological sciences. EML is largely designed to describe digital resources, however, it may also be used to describe non-digital resources such as paper maps and other non-digital media. The Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity project has developed a software client specifically to address this need. Morpho is data management software intended for generating metadata in EML format. Morpho is part of the DataONE Investigator Toolkit, and therefore intended to facilitate data sharing and reuse among ecologists and environmental scientists.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
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    "lab": "Ecological Society of America && Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://knb.ecoinformatics.org/external//emlparser/docs/index.html",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_Metadata_Language",
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    "id": "pict",
    "name": "PICT",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2252,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "hoplId": 2365,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1992,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Pict is a statically typed programming language, one of the very few based on the π-calculus. Work on the language began at the University of Edinburgh in 1992, and development has been more or less dormant since 1998. The language is still at an experimental stage.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
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    "lab": "University of Edinburgh",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Pict",
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pict_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2365"
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    "id": "simple",
    "name": "SIMPLE",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2253,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "hoplId": 118,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
    "wikipedia_summary": "SIMPLE may refer to:",
    "wikipedia_created": 2014,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 33,
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    "lab": "Istituto di Electtrotecnica ed Elettronica && University of North Carolina",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
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    "wordRank": 933,
    "country": "Italy and United States",
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    "example": "\\documentclass{article}   % The following packages are needed because unicode  % is translated (using the next set of packages) to  % latex commands. You may need more packages if you  % use more unicode characters:   \\usepackage{amssymb}  \\usepackage{bbm}  \\usepackage[greek,english]{babel}   % This handles the translation of unicode to latex:   \\usepackage{ucs}  \\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}  \\usepackage{autofe}   % Some characters that are not automatically defined  % (you figure out by the latex compilation errors you get),  % and you need to define:   \\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{8988}{\\ensuremath{\\ulcorner}}  \\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{8989}{\\ensuremath{\\urcorner}}  \\DeclareUnicodeCharacter{8803}{\\ensuremath{\\overline{\\equiv}}}   % Add more as you need them (shouldn’t happen often).   % Using “\\newenvironment” to redefine verbatim to  % be called “code” doesn’t always work properly.  % You can more reliably use:   \\usepackage{fancyvrb}   \\DefineVerbatimEnvironment    {code}{Verbatim}    {} % Add fancy options here if you like.   \\begin{document}   \\begin{code} module NatCat where  open import Relation.Binary.PropositionalEquality  -- If you can show that a relation only ever has one inhabitant -- you get the category laws for free module   EasyCategory   (obj : Set)   (_⟶_ : obj → obj → Set)   (_∘_ : ∀ {x y z} → x ⟶ y → y ⟶ z → x ⟶ z)   (id : ∀ x → x ⟶ x)   (single-inhabitant : (x y : obj) (r s : x ⟶ y) → r ≡ s)   where    idʳ : ∀ x y (r : x ⟶ y) → r ∘ id y ≡ r   idʳ x y r = single-inhabitant x y (r ∘ id y) r    idˡ : ∀ x y (r : x ⟶ y) → id x ∘ r ≡ r   idˡ x y r = single-inhabitant x y (id x ∘ r) r    ∘-assoc : ∀ w x y z (r : w ⟶ x) (s : x ⟶ y) (t : y ⟶ z) → (r ∘ s) ∘ t ≡ r ∘ (s ∘ t)   ∘-assoc w x y z r s t = single-inhabitant w z ((r ∘ s) ∘ t) (r ∘ (s ∘ t))  open import Data.Nat  same : (x y : ℕ) (r s : x ≤ y) → r ≡ s same .0 y z≤n z≤n = refl same .(suc m) .(suc n) (s≤s {m} {n} r) (s≤s s) = cong s≤s (same m n r s)  ≤-trans : ∀ x y z → x ≤ y → y ≤ z → x ≤ z ≤-trans .0 y z z≤n s = z≤n ≤-trans .(suc m) .(suc n) .(suc n₁) (s≤s {m} {n} r) (s≤s {.n} {n₁} s) = s≤s (≤-trans m n n₁ r s)  ≤-refl : ∀ x → x ≤ x ≤-refl zero = z≤n ≤-refl (suc x) = s≤s (≤-refl x)  module Nat-EasyCategory = EasyCategory ℕ _≤_ (λ {x}{y}{z} → ≤-trans x y z) ≤-refl same  \\end{code}   \\end{document}",
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    "example": "# sig/merchant.rbs  class Merchant   attr_reader token: String   attr_reader name: String   attr_reader employees: Array[Employee]    def initialize(token: String, name: String) -> void    def each_employee: () { (Employee) -> void } -> void                    | () -> Enumerator[Employee, void] end",
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    "githubRepo_description": "RPL (Reactive Plan Language) belongs to the family of notations for writing reactive plans for agents (e.g., robots) (Davis 1984, Ingrand and George 1990, Lyons 1990a,b, Gat 1991). Its immediate ancestor is Firby's (1987, 1989) RAP notation. Many of Firby's concepts have been carried over, but there are some differences",
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    "description": "The ‘Incipit Markup Language’ (or ‘Incipit’, for short) is a plain text markup language that uses Unicode characters and the structure of the text itself to format documents.",
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    "example": ".Enumeration incipit. Each enumeration item can have a incipit colon, which will be explained on the “§ Incipit” section below.  The incipit colon is a colon describing the topic of the item.  The following is an example of enumeration. • (A) First item:       This is the first item of a labeled enumeration.       This item also contains an incipit colon. • (B) Second item:       This is the second item of a labeled enumeration.       It also contains an incipit colon. • (C) Third item.     • First subitem of third item.     • Second subitem of third item.     • Third subitem of third item.     • Fourth subitem of third item. • (D) Fourth item.",
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    "id": "hera",
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    "example": "# WIP Coffee-like lang  Grammar   Line*  Line   Indent Content EOL   Indent EOL  Indent   \"  \"*  Content   Statement   Expression  Expression   Applied  # Function application: # a b # a(b) # a b, c, d # a(b, c, d) Applied   Operated Application?  Application   \"()\"   __ \"(\" ArgumentList \")\"   Space+ ArgumentList  ArgumentList   Expression (__ \",\" __ Expression)*  Operated   Assigned (__ BinaryOp __ Assigned)*   UnaryOp* Assigned  Assigned   (Accessed __ \"=\" __)+ Expression   Accessed  Accessed   Primary Access*  Access   \"?\"? \".\" Name   \"?\"? \"[\" Expression \"]\"  Primary   \"(\" Expression \")\"   Function   Literal   Name  This   \"this\"   \"@\"  Function   Parameters \"->\"  Literal   StringValue   Numeric   \"true\"   \"false\"   \"null\"   \"undefined\"  Parameters   \"(\" Name (Comma Name)+ \")\"   \"(\" Name \")\"   \"\"  Comma   Space* \",\" Space*  Name   [$a-zA-Z_][$a-zA-Z0-9_]*  BinaryOp   \"+\"   \"-\"   \"*\"   \"/\"   \"and\"   \"&&\"   \"or\"   \"||\"  # TODO: delete, void, typeof UnaryOp   [!~+-]  Statement   Import   Export  Import   /import[^\\r\\n]*/  Export   /export[^\\r\\n]*/  Numeric   /\\d+(?:\\.\\d*)?/  StringValue   \"\\\"\" $DoubleStringCharacter* \"\\\"\" -> $2   \"\\'\" $SingleStringCharacter* \"\\'\" -> $2  DoubleStringCharacter   [^\"\\\\]+   EscapeSequence  SingleStringCharacter   [^'\\\\]+   EscapeSequence  EscapeSequence   $( \"\\\\\" . )  # Required non-newline white space Space   [\\t ]  # Whitespace including newlines __   /\\s*/  # End of line EOL   /\\r\\n|\\n|\\r/",
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    "id": "jaqt",
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    "id": "blockly",
    "name": "Blockly",
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    "rank": 2283,
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    "wikipedia_related": "javascript scratch python php dart webgl svg android ios",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Blockly is a client-side JavaScript library for creating visual block programming languages and editors. It is a project of Google and is open-source under the Apache 2.0 License. It typically runs in a web browser, and visually resembles Scratch. Blockly is also being implemented for Android and iOS; not all web browser based features are available for Android/iOS. Blockly uses visual blocks that link together to make writing code easier, and can generate JavaScript, Python, PHP or Dart code. It can also be customised to generate code in any textual computer language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2014,
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    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 22,
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    "id": "cheetah",
    "name": "CheetahTemplate",
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    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "template",
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    "rank": 2284,
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "templates.py",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_related": "python html linux",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Cheetah (or CheetahTemplate) is a template engine that uses the Python programming language.  It can be used standalone or combined with other tools and frameworks.  It is often used for server-side scripting and dynamic web content by generating HTML, but can also be used to generate source code.  Cheetah is free/open-source software licensed under the MIT License. Templating engines encourage clean separation of content, graphic design, and program code. This leads to more modular, flexible, and reusable site architectures, shorter development time, and code that is easier to understand and maintain.  Cheetah compiles templates into optimized, yet readable, Python code.  It gives template authors full access to any Python data and functionality, while providing a way for administrators to selectively restrict access to Python when needed. Cheetah is included in the FreeBSD Ports collection and several Linux distributions: Gentoo, Fedora, Debian, and Ubuntu among others.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 15,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 72,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 2852798,
    "lab": "cheetahtemplate.org",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Various",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Cheetah",
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    "id": "cms-pipelines",
    "name": "CMS Pipelines",
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    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2285,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "TSO Pipelines",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1986,
    "wikipedia_summary": "CMS Pipelines implements the pipeline concept under the VM/CMS operating system. The programs in a pipeline operate on a sequential stream of records. A program writes records that are read by the next program in the pipeline. Any program can be combined with any other because reading and writing is done through a device independent interface.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
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    "reference": "https://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=pub1sl26001805",
    "example": "PIPE (end ?)    < input txt  | a: locate /Hello/  | insert / World!/ after  | i: faninany  | > newfile txt a  ? a:  | xlate upper  | i:",
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    "id": "george",
    "name": "GEORGE",
    "appeared": 1957,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "GEORGE is a programming language invented by Charles Leonard Hamblin in 1957.It was designed around a push-down pop-up stack for arithmetic operations, and employed reverse Polish notation. The language included loops, subroutines, conditionals, vectors, and matrices. Algebraic expressions were written in reverse Polish notation; thus,                         a         +         b                 {\\displaystyle a+b}    was written a b +, and similarly for the other arithmetic operations of subtraction, multiplication, and division. The algebraic expression                         a                    x                        2                             +         b         x         +         c                 {\\displaystyle ax^{2}+bx+c}    was written a x dup × × b x × + c +, where 'dup' meant 'duplicate the value'. Following the reverse Polish form, an assignment statement to evaluate the formula                         y         =         a                    x                        2                             +         b         x         +         c                 {\\displaystyle y=ax^{2}+bx+c}    was written as a x dup × × b x × + c + (y). The computer evaluated the expression as follows: the values of a, then x, were pushed onto the top of the accumulator stack; 'dup' caused a copy of the top-most value (x) to be pushed onto the top of the accumulator stack; Multiply (×) caused the top two values, namely, x and x, to be removed (popped) and multiplied, returning the product to the top of the accumulator stack.  The second multiply (×) then caused the top two values on the stack (namely, a and x**2) to be popped and multiplied, and the product (a×x**2) to be pushed onto the top of the accumulator stack.  And so on the remaining components of the expression.  The final operation, namely (y), returned the value of the expression to storage without changing the status of the accumulator stack. Assuming that the value on the top of the accumulator stack was not required immediately, it would be removed (cleared) by using the operator (;). The following program reads in eight values and forms their sum:  0, 1, 8 rep (j)    R + ] (P)  The first line initialises the sum by pushing the value zero onto the top of the accumulator stack. The second line introduces a loop, is spoken as \"for 1 to 8 repeat for j\", and is terminated by the square bracket. In the third line, R causes one number to be read in and pushed onto the top of the accumulator stack, and the plus sign (+) causes that value to be added to the (partial) sum, leaving only the partial sum on the top of the accumulator stack. After the loop terminates, the (P) causes the final sum to be punched on a card.Manipulation of vectors and matrices requires subscript notation.  In GEORGE, the subscript(s) preceded the vector or matrix name.  Thus A(j) was written j | A. The following program reads in vector a of 10 values, then forms the squares of those values, and finally prints those values.  1, 10 R1 (a) 1, 10 rep (j)    j | a dup * j | (a) ; ] 1, 10 P1 (a)  In the program, the first line is a vector read that reads in the ten values into a(1) through a(10). The second line introduces a loop to run through the ten values of j. The third line fetches a(j), duplicates it, multiplies those two values giving the square, and then stores it in  a(j).  Note the semicolon (;), which clears (or cancels) the top entry in the accumulator stack.  Were this not done, the accumulator would gradually fill up with the squares of the values. The final line is a vector punch (i.e., print) to write out the ten squares.The above GEORGE coding table assisted in transcribing a program onto punch cards. Conditional operations were written as jumps, as follows: if a > 0 go to 5 (which transfers to label 5 if a is greater than zero) would be written  0 a > 5 ↑  Label 5 was indicated by including *5 elsewhere in the program. Unconditional transfers were written 5↑ Subroutine calls were made with the down arrow, .g., to call subroutine labelled 17, write 17↓, where the label 17 was encoded using column 3 of the above table.",
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    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:GEORGE",
    "country": "Australia",
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    "id": "harwell-boeing-format",
    "name": "Harwell-Boeing file format",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "textDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2287,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "textDataFormat",
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    "wikipedia_related": "coordinate-format",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Harwell-Boeing file format (also known as HB format) is a file format designed to store information used to describe sparse matrices.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
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    "description": "The Harwell-Boeing format is the most popular mechanism for text-file exchange of sparse matrix data.",
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    "lab": "Boeing",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The Harwell-Boeing format is the most popular mechanism for text-file exchange of sparse matrix data.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://math.nist.gov/MatrixMarket/formats.html#hb",
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    "id": "spitbol",
    "name": "SPITBOL",
    "appeared": 1971,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2288,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1970,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "SPITBOL (Speedy Implementation of SNOBOL) is a compiled implementation of the SNOBOL4 programming language. Originally targeted for the IBM System/360 and System/370 family of computers, it has now been ported to most major microprocessors including the SPARC. It was created by Robert Dewar and Ken Belcher, who were then at the Illinois Institute of Technology. Prior to the development of SPITBOL, SNOBOL4 was thought to be slow, memory-intensive, and impossible to compile due to its dynamic nature. While delayed binding prevents everything from being determined at compile time, SPITBOL adopts various strategies for making decisions as early as possible. Recent versions of the SPITBOL compiler are available. Since 2001 the source code for the original SPITBOL 360 compiler has been made available under the GNU General Public License. MACRO SPITBOL is an implementation of SPITBOL written in the 1970s by Robert Dewar and Anthony P. McCann. MACRO SPITBOL is coded in MINIMAL, an assembly language for an abstract machine. The instruction set is carefully defined to allow some latitude in its implementation, so that hardware operations favorable to string processing can be exploited. An implementation of MINIMAL that was designed for interpretation on microcomputers was done by translating MINIMAL into MICRAL using a translator that was itself implemented in SPITBOL. The MICRAL version of MACRO SPITBOL, together with the MICRAL interpreter ran in under 40K bytes. This extreme object code compression of MICRAL is achieved using a set of machine code macro substitutions that minimizes the space required for the object code and macro table. The complexity of known algorithms for an optimal solution to this problem are high, but efficient heuristics attain near-optimal results. The source code for MACRO SPITBOL was released under the GNU General Public License on April 17, 2009.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 389674,
    "lab": "Illinois Institute of Technology",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPITBOL",
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    "id": "prescheme",
    "name": "Pre-Scheme",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "creators": "Richard Kelsey and Jonathan Rees",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://prescheme.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2289,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 20381,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://codeberg.org/prescheme/prescheme.git",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 1993,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 294,
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    "description": "Pre-Scheme is a statically typed dialect of the Scheme programming language, combining the flexibility of Scheme with the efficiency and low-level machine access of C.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Pre-Scheme is a statically typed dialect of the Scheme programming language, combining the flexibility of Scheme with the efficiency and low-level machine access of C.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Pre-Scheme is a statically typed dialect of the Scheme programming language, combining the flexibility of Scheme with the efficiency and low-level machine access of C.",
    "writtenIn": "scheme c make markdown",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 9,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 17,
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "reference": "https://prescheme.org/references.html",
    "example": "   ;;; hello: an example Pre-Scheme program    (define (main argc argv)    (if (= argc 2)        (let ((out (current-output-port)))            (write-string \"Hello, world, \" out)            (write-string (vector-ref argv 1) out)            (write-char #\\! out)            (newline out)            0)        (let ((out (current-error-port)))            (write-string \"Usage: \" out)            (write-string (vector-ref argv 0) out)            (write-string \" <user>\" out)            (newline out)            (write-string \"  Greets the world & <user>.\" out)            (newline out)            1)))",
    "gitRepo": "https://codeberg.org/prescheme/prescheme.git",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "lava",
    "name": "Lava",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2290,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20380,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Lava is an experimental, visual object-oriented, interpreter-based programming language with an associated programming environment (Lava Programming Environment or LavaPE) that uses structure editors instead of text editors. Only comments, constants, and new identifiers may be entered as text. Declarations are represented in LavaPE as tree structures whose subtrees may be collapsed or expanded. The properties of the declared Lava entities can be edited through pop-up dialogs. Although executable code has a traditional text representation in LavaPE, it can be edited only as complete syntactic units, rather than character by character. If you insert a new syntactic construct, it will typically contain \"placeholders\" (syntactic variables) that can then be replaced by concrete constructs; the latter may in turn contain syntactic variables, etc. LavaPE provides a tool button for every type of syntactic construct, and a button is enabled only if it is syntactically correct to insert the associated construct at the selected place. Further characteristic properties of Lava and LavaPE include the following:  It provides strict syntactic separation of interface (public) and implementation (private) sections of a Lava class. It distinguishes variable \"state objects\" from constant \"value objects\"; the latter cannot be modified any longer after creation/initialization. It supports \"virtual types\": type parameters of classes and packages (families of related classes). As a consequence, undermining of strong type checks by \"type casts\" is no longer required. It uses recursion and logical quantifiers instead of traditional loop constructs. It uses single assignment; i.e., a value can be assigned to a variable only once within the same branch of a function. It supports refactoring extensively via the LavaPE structure editors. It distinguishes between constituents (sub-objects) and object acquaintances (pointers to independent objects). Copying and deletion of complex objects is largely facilitated in this way. Since release 0.9.0, LavaPE completely prevents inadvertent access to uninitialized variables and null objects already at programming time by complete static initialization checks.Lava is open source software using the GPL license (see also Lava at the Free Software Foundation and at KDE-Apps.org). It currently runs on Microsoft Windows, Linux and Mac OS X platforms.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 21,
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    "lab": "Institute for Secure Telecooperation",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 125,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "visualParadigm": true,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Germany",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava_(programming_language)",
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  {
    "id": "liberty-basic",
    "name": "Liberty BASIC",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "creators": "Carl Gundel",
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2291,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20380,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1992,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux run-basic quickbasic smalltalk basic bbc-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Liberty BASIC (LB) is a commercial computer programming language and integrated development environment (IDE). It has an interpreter, developed in Smalltalk, which recognizes its own dialect of the BASIC programming language. It runs on 16- and 32-bit Windows and OS/2.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 21,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 53252,
    "lab": "Shoptalk Systems",
    "isOpenSource": "false",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 125,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "[multi]   for i = 1 to 10      res = 5 * i      print res   next i end",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty_BASIC",
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  {
    "id": "linden-scripting-language",
    "name": "Linden Scripting Language",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2292,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20380,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2003,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux linden-scripting-language opengl mysql csharp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Second Life is an online virtual world, developed and owned by the San Francisco-based  firm Linden Lab and launched on June 23, 2003. By 2013, Second Life had approximately one million regular users. In many ways, Second Life is similar to massively multiplayer online role-playing games; however, Linden Lab is emphatic that their creation is not a game: \"There is no manufactured conflict, no set objective\".The virtual world can be accessed freely via Linden Lab's own client programs or via alternative third-party viewers. Second Life users, also called residents, create virtual representations of themselves, called avatars, and are able to interact with places, objects and other avatars. They can explore the world (known as the grid), meet other residents, socialize, participate in both individual and group activities, build, create, shop, and trade virtual property and services with one another. The platform principally features 3D-based user-generated content. Second Life also has its own virtual currency, the Linden Dollar, which is exchangeable with real world currency.Second Life is intended for people aged 16 and over, with the exception of 13–15-year-old users, who are restricted to the Second Life region of a sponsoring institution (e.g., a school).Built into the software is a 3D modeling tool based on simple geometric shapes that allows residents to build virtual objects. There is also a procedural scripting language, Linden Scripting Language, which can be used to add interactivity to objects.  Sculpted prims (sculpties), mesh, textures for clothing or other objects, animations, and gestures can be created using external software and imported. The Second Life terms of service provide that users retain copyright for any content they create, and the server and client provide simple digital rights management (DRM) functions. However, Linden Lab changed their terms of service in August 2013 to be able to use user-generated content for any purpose. The new terms of service prevent users from using textures from third-party texture services, as some of them pointed out explicitly.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "lab": "Linden Research, Inc",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 125,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linden_Scripting_Language",
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  {
    "id": "lisp-machine-lisp",
    "name": "Lisp Machine Lisp",
    "appeared": 1974,
    "creators": "David A. Moon and Richard Stallman and Daniel Weinreb",
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2293,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_related": "lisp interlisp common-lisp flavors",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Lisp Machine Lisp is a programming language, a dialect of the language Lisp. A direct descendant of Maclisp, it was initially developed in the mid to late 1970s as the system programming language for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Lisp machines. Lisp Machine Lisp was also the Lisp dialect with the most influence on the design of Common Lisp. Lisp Machine Lisp branched into three dialects. Symbolics named their variant ZetaLisp. Lisp Machines, Inc. and later Texas Instruments (with the TI Explorer) would share a common code base, but their dialect of Lisp Machine Lisp would differ from the version maintained at the MIT AI Lab by Richard Stallman and others.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The T programming language is a dialect of the Scheme programming language developed in the early 1980s by Jonathan A. Rees, Kent M. Pitman, and Norman I. Adams of Yale University as an experiment in language design and implementation. T's purpose is to test the thesis developed by Steele and Sussman in their series of papers about Scheme: that Scheme may be used as the basis for a practical programming language of exceptional expressive power, and that implementations of Scheme could perform better than other Lisp systems, and competitively with implementations of programming languages, such as C and BLISS, which are usually considered to be inherently more efficient than Lisp on conventional machine architectures. In 1987 Stephen Slade published the book \"The T Programming Language: A Dialect of LISP\". T contains some features that modern Scheme does not have. For example, T is object-oriented, and it has first-class environments, called locales, which can be modified non-locally and used as a module system. T has several extra special forms for lazy evaluation and flow control, as well as an equivalent to Common Lisp's setf. T, like Scheme, supports call-with-current-continuation, but it also has a more limited form called catch. From the T manual, a hypothetical implementation of cons could be:  Through this example, we can see that objects in T are intimately related to closures and message-passing. A primitive called join puts two objects together, allowing for something resembling inheritance.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "XPL is a programming language based on PL/I, a portable one-pass compiler written in its own language, and a parser generator tool for easily implementing similar compilers for other languages. XPL was designed in 1967 as a way to teach compiler design principles and as starting point for students to build compilers for their own languages. XPL was designed and implemented by William McKeeman and David B. Wortman at University of California Santa Cruz and James J. Horning and others at Stanford University. XPL was first announced at the 1968 Fall Joint Computer Conference. The methods and compiler are described in detail in the 1971 textbook A Compiler Generator. They called the combined work a 'compiler generator'. But that implies little or no language- or target-specific programming is required to build a compiler for a new language or new target. A better label for XPL is a translator writing system. It helps to write a compiler with less new or changed programming code.",
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    "description": "Cali is an object oriented interpreted programming language written in Java. It is an efficiency (glue) language that is loosely typed. Cali has it's own standard library but anyone can create external Java modules to extend Cali. In fact, the entire standard library was written by wrapping Java code.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "MBASIC is the Microsoft BASIC implementation of BASIC for the CP/M operating system. MBASIC is a descendant of the original Altair BASIC interpreters that were among Microsoft's first products. MBASIC was one of the two versions of BASIC bundled with the Osborne 1 computer. The name \"MBASIC\" is derived from the disk file name MBASIC.COM of the BASIC interpreter.",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2217",
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    "id": "topaz-lang",
    "name": "Topaz",
    "appeared": 2021,
    "creators": "m-schm",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://github.com/m-schm/topaz",
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    "country": "Unknown",
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    "description": "YESS: A Reboot Of RSS. The protocol is a subset of HTML and CSS. It's central design idea is to split static HTML files up into small single-screen components, called Scenes.",
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    "id": "corescript",
    "name": "corescript",
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    "creators": "Stephan Bruny",
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    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n16419144|Show HN: CoreScript – a scripting language for dotnet core|2018-02-20 10:09:49 UTC|1519121389|sbruny|0|2"
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    "id": "gofer",
    "name": "Gofer",
    "appeared": 1994,
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "releaseNotes": "https://www.haskell.org/hugs/pages/users_guide/miscellaneous.html",
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    "description": "The Gofer system is a functional programming environment for a small, Haskell-like language. Supporting a wide range of different machines, including home computers, the system is widely used, both for teaching and research.",
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    "id": "interscript",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Nyquist is a programming language for sound synthesis and analysis based on the Lisp programming language. It is an extension of the XLISP dialect of Lisp, and is named after Harry Nyquist.",
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    "id": "optimization-programming-language",
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    "reference": "https://www.amazon.com/OPL-Optimization-Programming-Language/dp/0262720302",
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    "website": "https://math.nist.gov/MatrixMarket/formats.html#MMformat",
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    "rank": 2319,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Matrix Market exchange formats are a set of human readable, ASCII-based file formats designed to facilitate the exchange of matrix data.  The file formats were designed and adopted for the Matrix Market, a NIST repository for test data for use in comparative studies of algorithms for numerical linear algebra.",
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    "rank": 2320,
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    "lab": "MAI Systems",
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    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nAdvanced Business Basic for Microcomputers|1985|Chao Chien|4508658|0.0|0|0\\nBasic Business Basic: Using Microcomputers|1983|Peter Mears|3812402|0.0|0|0\\nApple Basic for Business Basic Programming and Visicalc|1984|Alan J. Parker|3431487|0.0|0|0"
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2321,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "MDL (the MIT Design Language) is a descendant of the Lisp programming language. Its initial purpose was to provide high level language support for the Dynamic Modeling Group at MIT's Project MAC. It was initially developed in 1971 on the  PDP-10 computer under the Incompatible Timesharing System. The initial development team consisted of Gerald Sussman and Carl Hewitt of the Artificial Intelligence Lab, and Chris Reeve, Bruce Daniels, and David Cressey of the Dynamic Modeling  Group. Later, Stu Galley, also of the Dynamic Modeling Group, wrote the MDL documentation.MDL was initially known as \"Muddle\". This style of self-deprecating humor was not widely understood or appreciated outside of Project MAC and a few other early citadels of information technology.  So the name was sanitized to MDL.MDL provides several enhancements to classical Lisp.  It supports several built-in data types, including lists, strings and arrays, and user-defined data types.  It offers multithreaded expression evaluation and coroutines.  Variables can carry both a local value within a scope, and a global value, for passing data between scopes. Advanced built-in functions supported interactive debugging of MDL programs, incremental development, and reconstruction of source programs from object programs. Although MDL is obsolete, some of its features have been incorporated in later versions of Lisp.  Gerald Sussman went on to develop the Scheme language, in collaboration with Guy Steele, who later wrote the specifications for Common Lisp and Java.  Carl Hewitt had already published the idea for the PLANNER language before the MDL project began, but his subsequent thinking on PLANNER reflected lessons learned from building MDL.  Planner concepts influenced languages such as Prolog and Smalltalk. Smalltalk and Simula, in turn, influenced his future work on the Actor model. But the largest influence that MDL had was on the genre known as interactive fiction.  An interactive fiction game known as Zork, sometimes called Dungeon, was first written in MDL. Later, Reeve, Daniels, Galley and other members of Dynamic Modeling went on to start Infocom, a company that produced many  early commercial works of interactive fiction.",
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    "lab": "MIT",
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    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:MDL",
    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "lc-3",
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    "wikipedia_related": "assembly-language c x86-isa ascii",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Little Computer 3, or LC-3, is a type of computer educational programming language, an assembly language, which is a type of low-level programming language. It features a relatively simple instruction set, but can be used to write moderately complex assembly programs, and is a theoretically viable target for a C compiler. The language is less complex than x86 assembly but has many features similar to those in more complex languages. These features make it useful for beginning instruction, so it is most often used to teach fundamentals of programming and computer architecture to computer science and computer engineering students. The LC-3 was developed by Yale N. Patt at the University of Texas at Austin and Sanjay J. Patel at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Their specification of the instruction set, the overall architecture of the LC-3, and a hardware implementation can be found in the second edition of their textbook. Courses based on the LC-3 and Patt and Patel's book are offered in many computer engineering and computer science departments.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Winbatch is a Microsoft Windows scripting language originally developed by Wilson WindowWare and currently supported, maintained and enhanced by Island Lake Consulting LLC. Its environment includes an interpreter and a code editor along with a dialog designer and optional compiler to create self-contained executables. Its language structure and syntax is a cross between DOS batch command, Basic, Fortran, and C.   It has been developed over the years with functions added and support for things like .Net, ActiveX controls, COM (OLE), Unicode, UAC and code signing.",
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    "id": "frundis",
    "name": "Frundis",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "creators": "Yon Fernández de Retana",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "textMarkup",
    "website": "https://bardinflor.perso.aquilenet.fr/frundis/intro-en",
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    "description": "The frundis language is a semantic markup language with a simplified roff-like syntax, originally intended for supporting authoring of novels, but it can be used for more varied stuff. It relies on the exporting capabilities of the tool frundis to LaTeX, XHTML, EPUB (2 and 3), markdown and groff mom. Only LaTeX, XHTML and EPUB output formats are considered complete and mature.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The frundis language is a semantic markup language with a simplified roff-like syntax, originally intended for supporting authoring of novels, but it can be used for more varied stuff. It relies on the exporting capabilities of the tool frundis to LaTeX, XHTML, EPUB (2 and 3), markdown and groff mom. Only LaTeX, XHTML and EPUB output formats are considered complete and mature.",
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    "writtenIn": "html go tex markdown xhtml xml vim-script perl css",
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    "id": "cdf",
    "name": "Common Data Format",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 9,
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    "rank": 2340,
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    "standsFor": "Common Data Format",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Common Data Format (CDF) is a library and toolkit that was developed by the National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) at NASA starting in 1985. The software is an interface for the storage and manipulation of multi-dimensional data sets.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 18,
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    "id": "dml",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "DML may refer to:  Demonstrated Master Logistician, a certification bestowed by the International Society of Logistics (SOLE) Data manipulation language, a family of computer languages used by computer programs or database users to retrieve, insert, delete and update data in a database Dimensional Markup language, is an XML format definition tailored to the needs of dimensional results for discrete manufacturing Devonport Management Limited, owner of Her Majesty's Naval Base Devonport Dragon Models Limited, a Hong Kong-based company that manufactures plastic model assembly kits Dennis Miller Live, an HBO television talk-comedy show with Dennis Miller Distributed mode loudspeaker, a speaker technology developed by Cambridge-based company called NXT Definitive Media Library, in ITIL Service Transition Doctor of Modern Languages, an academic degree focusing on multiple modern languages and cultures",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "country": "Sweden",
    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/112d5503d113d43d2d0ae99e3b7996d7a1fd7a02",
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    "id": "guido-music-notation",
    "name": "GUIDO music notation",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "creators": "Holger H. Hoos and Keith Hamel",
    "measurements": 9,
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    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "GUIDO Music Notation is a computer music notation format designed to logically represent all aspects of music in a manner that is both computer-readable and easily readable by human beings. It was named after Guido of Arezzo, who pioneered today's conventional musical notation 1,000 years ago. GUIDO was first designed by Holger H. Hoos (then at Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, now at University of British Columbia, Canada) and Keith Hamel (University of British Columbia, Canada).  Later developments have been done by the SALIERI Project by Holger H. Hoos, Kai Renz and Jürgen F. Kilian.  GUIDO Music Notation has been designed to represent music in a logical format (with the ability to render to sheet music), whereas LilyPond is more narrowly focused on typesetting sheet music.  The basic idea behind the GUIDO design is representational adequacy which means that simple musical concepts are represented in a simple way and only complex notions require more complex representations. [1]GUIDO is not primarily focused on conventional music notation, but has been invented as an open format, capable of storing musical, structural, and notational information. GUIDO Music Notation is designed as a flexible and easily extensible open standard. In particular, its syntax does not restrict the features it can represent. Thus, GUIDO can be easily adapted and customized to cover specialized musical concepts as might be required in the context of research projects in computational musicology. More importantly, GUIDO is designed in a way that when using such custom extensions, the resulting GUIDO data can still be processed by other applications that support GUIDO but are not aware of the custom extensions, which are gracefully ignored. This design also greatly facilitates the incremental implementation of GUIDO support in music software, which can speed up the software development process significantly, especially for research software and prototypes. GUIDO has been split into three consecutive layers: Basic GUIDO introduces the main concepts of the GUIDO design and allows to represent much of the conventional music of today. Advanced GUIDO extends Basic GUIDO by adding exact score-formatting and some more advanced musical concepts. Finally, Extended GUIDO can represent user-defined extensions, like microtonal information or user defined pitch classes.",
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    "country": "Germany and Canada",
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    "name": "F",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "creators": "Stevan Apter",
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    "website": "https://nsl.com/k/f/f.htm",
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    "description": "F is a pure functional concatenative language originally designed as an extension of False. F contains the list-operations of K3 and the dip combinator of Joy. Floating-point and symbolic datatypes are supported. One-time assignment is enforced in syntax. A theory of function-valence and -charge is outlined. F also contains a general continuation primitive $, and the pattern sublanguage of XY. G is a variant of F in which the K3 adverbs are implemented as primitives.",
    "githubRepo_description": "F is a pure functional concatenative language originally designed as an extension of False. F contains the list-operations of K3 and the dip combinator of Joy. Floating-point and symbolic datatypes are supported. One-time assignment is enforced in syntax. A theory of function-valence and -charge is outlined. F also contains a general continuation primitive $, and the pattern sublanguage of XY. G is a variant of F in which the K3 adverbs are implemented as primitives.",
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    "docs": "https://nsl.com/k/f/f.htm",
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    "id": "bare",
    "name": "BARE",
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    "tags": "idl",
    "website": "https://baremessages.org",
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    "id": "bel-lang",
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    "standsFor": "Biological Expression Language",
    "domainName_registered": 2011,
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    "country": "United States",
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    "lab": "www.dangermouse.net",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Chef is a programming language in which programs look like recipes.",
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    "country": "Australia",
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    "name": "cK",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "creators": "Stevan Apter",
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    "tags": "pl arrayLang",
    "website": "https://nsl.com/papers/ck.htm",
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    "description": "Decker is a multimedia platform for creating and sharing interactive documents, with sound, images, hypertext, and scripted behavior.",
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    "example": "on click do  display.text: 3*display.text end",
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    "id": "dynamo-pm",
    "name": "dynamo-pm",
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    "description": "An open-source interpreter for the K5 programming language.",
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    "lab": "https://github.com/JohnEarnest/ok",
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    "example": "mean:{(+/x)%#x}",
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    "id": "freefem",
    "name": "Freefem",
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    "country": "France",
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    "keywords": "nuEdge N rfind endl ARGV bordermeasure BoundaryEdge precision fixed mpiBAND ndof mpiLAND mpiBXOR mpiLOR showbase qf1pE nt z qfnbpE InternalEdge P qf1pTlump n false m imax nuTriangle version qfV2 true length qf1pElump adj nv ndofK volume x mpiMIN UMFPACK qfV5 sum binary showpos qf4pE searchMethod mpiCommWorld area qf2pT4P1 lenEdge quantile CG min default noshowpos qf2pE y Crout notaregion find nTonEdge max tellp whoinElement re FILE qf5pT measure qf5pE scientific mpisize qf9pT cout im qfV1 qf3pE mpirank imin label hTriangle pi qf2pT diag qf1pT l1 mpiPROD LU qf7pT unused flush edgeOrientation mpiSUM good mpiLXOR linfty mpiMAX sparsesolver ffind l2 region mpiUndefined mpiAnySource be append qfV1lump verbosity Cholesky LINE GMRES setw noshowbase cin nbe",
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    "id": "gns",
    "name": "GNS",
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    "website": "https://www.gnunet.org/en/gns.html",
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    "id": "gold-linker",
    "name": "gold",
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    "id": "jevko",
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    "country": "Poland",
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    "id": "kayia",
    "name": "kayia",
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    "creators": "David Broderick",
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    "description": "Kayia is a way to construct a “declarative reactive” language based on a labeled,  directed graph of edges.  The excitement that I have with Kayia is that I think it has the potential to give software construction “the arch”, or that missing abstraction mechanism that has been holding it back.  That’s a bold statement but I am attempting to prove that, because of its ability to start from such fine elements, simply A|B, and its capacity to manage yet not obstruct constructions of those elements, we can get higher-resolution constructions with greater control at the same time.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Kayia is a way to construct a “declarative reactive” language based on a labeled,  directed graph of edges.  The excitement that I have with Kayia is that I think it has the potential to give software construction “the arch”, or that missing abstraction mechanism that has been holding it back.  That’s a bold statement but I am attempting to prove that, because of its ability to start from such fine elements, simply A|B, and its capacity to manage yet not obstruct constructions of those elements, we can get higher-resolution constructions with greater control at the same time.",
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    "id": "klong",
    "name": "Klong",
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    "creators": "Nils M Holm",
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    "tags": "pl arrayLang",
    "website": "http://t3x.org/klong/",
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    "description": "A Simple Array Language. Klong is an array language, like K, but without the ambiguity. If you know K or APL, you may be disappointed by Klong. If you don't know any array languages, it might explode your brain. Use at your own risk! Note that Klong is a mathematical notation rather than a programming language. If you try to use it like your favorite functional/procedural/OO programming language, you will only get frustrated.",
    "githubRepo_description": "A Simple Array Language. Klong is an array language, like K, but without the ambiguity. If you know K or APL, you may be disappointed by Klong. If you don't know any array languages, it might explode your brain. Use at your own risk! Note that Klong is a mathematical notation rather than a programming language. If you try to use it like your favorite functional/procedural/OO programming language, you will only get frustrated.",
    "lab": "https://t3x.org/klong/",
    "rijuRepl_description": "A Simple Array Language. Klong is an array language, like K, but without the ambiguity. If you know K or APL, you may be disappointed by Klong. If you don't know any array languages, it might explode your brain. Use at your own risk! Note that Klong is a mathematical notation rather than a programming language. If you try to use it like your favorite functional/procedural/OO programming language, you will only get frustrated.",
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    "example": "{&/x!:\\2+!_x^1%2}",
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  },
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    "id": "larp",
    "name": "LARP",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "creators": "Marco Lavoie",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.marcolavoie.ca/larp/en/default.htm",
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    "description": "LARP is an educational software for teaching algorithmic in structured programming using pseudo code and flowcharts. LARP's main advantage over traditional programming languages is its flexible and semi natural syntax, allowing one to formulate algorithms without the impediments of cryptic languages such as C++, Pascal or Java.",
    "githubRepo_description": "LARP is an educational software for teaching algorithmic in structured programming using pseudo code and flowcharts. LARP's main advantage over traditional programming languages is its flexible and semi natural syntax, allowing one to formulate algorithms without the impediments of cryptic languages such as C++, Pascal or Java.",
    "lab": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200220111251/http://larp.marcolavoie.ca/en/techsupport/bugs_suggestions.htm",
    "rijuRepl_description": "LARP is an educational software for teaching algorithmic in structured programming using pseudo code and flowcharts. LARP's main advantage over traditional programming languages is its flexible and semi natural syntax, allowing one to formulate algorithms without the impediments of cryptic languages such as C++, Pascal or Java.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "related": "flowgorithm",
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    "visualParadigm": true,
    "country": "Canada",
    "example": "\\\\ Simple pseudo code START    WRITE \"Enter a number\"    READ N     IF N < 0 THEN        WRITE \"Negative number\"    ELSE        WRITE \"Positive number\"    ENDIF END",
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  },
  {
    "id": "les",
    "name": "LES",
    "appeared": 2012,
    "creators": "David Piepgrass",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "website": "http://loyc.net/les/",
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    "rank": 2360,
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    "standsFor": "Loyc Expression Syntax",
    "description": "LES is an interchange format for syntax trees, comparable to s-expressions but designed for languages in the Algol family such as C, C++, C#, Java, EcmaScript, Rust and Python. It can be described as “JSON for code”: just as XML/YAML/JSON are tree structures that assign no particular meaning to the data inside, likewise LES represents syntax trees without assigning any particular meaning to them.",
    "githubRepo_description": "LES is an interchange format for syntax trees, comparable to s-expressions but designed for languages in the Algol family such as C, C++, C#, Java, EcmaScript, Rust and Python. It can be described as “JSON for code”: just as XML/YAML/JSON are tree structures that assign no particular meaning to the data inside, likewise LES represents syntax trees without assigning any particular meaning to them.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/qwertie/loyc.net/issues",
    "rijuRepl_description": "LES is an interchange format for syntax trees, comparable to s-expressions but designed for languages in the Algol family such as C, C++, C#, Java, EcmaScript, Rust and Python. It can be described as “JSON for code”: just as XML/YAML/JSON are tree structures that assign no particular meaning to the data inside, likewise LES represents syntax trees without assigning any particular meaning to them.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "country": "Canada",
    "reference": "http://loyc.net/origin.html",
    "example": "@[#static] fn factorial(x::int)::int {   var result = 1;   for (; x > 1; x--) {     result *= x;   };   return result; };",
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    "id": "llhd",
    "name": "llhd",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "hardwareDescriptionLanguage",
    "website": "http://llhd.io/",
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    "domainName_registered": 2016,
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    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "reference": "https://www.reddit.com/r/ProgrammingLanguages/comments/envhl5/llhd_low_level_hardware_description/",
    "example": "proc %Accumulator.always_comb.227.0 (i1$ %0, i16$ %1, i16$ %2) -> (i16$ %3) { %4:     br %body %body:     %direction = prb i1$ %0     br %direction, %if_false, %if_true %check:     wait %body, %0, %1, %2 %if_true:     %result = prb i16$ %2     %increment = prb i16$ %1     %5 = add i16 %result, %increment     %6 = const time 0s 1e     drv i16$ %3, %5, %6     wait %7 for %6 %if_false:     %result1 = prb i16$ %2     %increment1 = prb i16$ %1     %8 = sub i16 %result1, %increment1     %9 = const time 0s 1e     drv i16$ %3, %8, %9     wait %10 for %9 %if_exit:     br %check %7:     br %if_exit %10:     br %if_exit } proc %Accumulator.always_ff.228.0 (i1$ %0, i16$ %1) -> (i16$ %2) { %3:     br %init %init:     %clk = prb i1$ %0     wait %check, %0 %check:     %clk1 = prb i1$ %0     %4 = const i1 0     %5 = eq i1 %clk, %4     %6 = neq i1 %clk1, %4     %posedge = and i1 %5, %6     br %posedge, %init, %event %event:     %next = prb i16$ %1     %7 = const time 0s 1d     drv i16$ %2, %next, %7     br %3 } entity @Accumulator (i1$ %clk, i1$ %direction, i16$ %increment) -> (i16$ %result) {     %0 = const i16 0     %next = sig i16 %0     inst %Accumulator.always_comb.227.0 (i1$ %direction, i16$ %increment, i16$ %result) -> (i16$ %next)     inst %Accumulator.always_ff.228.0 (i1$ %clk, i16$ %next) -> (i16$ %result) }",
    "booleanTokens": "true false",
    "hasBooleans": true,
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    "domainName": "llhd.io"
  },
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    "id": "lowstar",
    "name": "Low*",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://fstarlang.github.io/lowstar/html/LowStar.html",
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    "aka": "low-star",
    "paper": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.00053",
    "lab": "Microsoft && Inria",
    "compilesTo": "c",
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    "subsetOf": "fstar",
    "country": "United States and France",
    "example": "let chacha20  (len: uint32{len ≤ blocklen})  (output: bytes{len = output.length})  (key: keyBytes)  (nonce: nonceBytes{disjoint [output; key; nonce]})  (counter: uint32) : Stack unit  (requires (λ m0 → output ∈ m0 ∧ key ∈ m0 ∧ nonce ∈ m0))  (ensures (λ m0 _m1 → modifies1 output m0 m1 ∧  m1.[output] ==   Seq.prefix len (Spec.chacha20 m0.[key] m0.[nonce]) counter))) =   push_frame ();   let state = Buffer.create 0ul 32ul in   let block = Buffer.sub state 16ul 16ul in   chacha20_init block key nonce counter;   chacha20_update output state len;   pop_frame ()",
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  },
  {
    "id": "merd",
    "name": "merd",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "creators": "Yoann Padioleau",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "lab": "Institut de recherche en informatique et systèmes aléatoires, Rennes",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "France",
    "reference": "https://www.cs.nmsu.edu/~jcook/posts/pl-history-of-pl/",
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    "domainName": "merd.sourceforge.net"
  },
  {
    "id": "mscgen",
    "name": "Mscgen",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "textMarkup",
    "website": "http://www.mcternan.me.uk/mscgen/",
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    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "dsls.py",
    "lab": "https://code.google.com/archive/p/mscgen/issues",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "msc",
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    "example": "# MSC for some fictional process msc {   hscale = \"2\";    a,b,c;    a->b [ label = \"ab()\" ] ;   b->c [ label = \"bc(TRUE)\"];   c=>c [ label = \"process(1)\" ];   c=>c [ label = \"process(2)\" ];   ...;   c=>c [ label = \"process(n)\" ];   c=>c [ label = \"process(END)\" ];   a<<=c [ label = \"callback()\"];   ---  [ label = \"If more to run\", ID=\"*\" ];   a->a [ label = \"next()\"];   a->c [ label = \"ac1()\\nac2()\"];   b<-c [ label = \"cb(TRUE)\"];   b->b [ label = \"stalled(...)\"];   a<-b [ label = \"ab() = FALSE\"]; }",
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    "name": "Marine Trading Markup Language",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
    "website": "https://www.shipserv.com",
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    "rank": 2365,
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "html",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "htmlmixed",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/html",
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    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "mtml",
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    "githubRepo_description": "The Marine Trading Markup Language (MTML), formalized in the MTML Document Type Definition, \"is a standard to help a broad base of small, medium and large buyers and suppliers in the marine trading industry conduct their fundamental trading transactions electronically via the Internet.\"",
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    "reference": "http://www.meca.org.uk/maritime-trading-markup-language-mtml.html",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://myrlang.org",
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    "rank": 2366,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "m/Myrddin.myr",
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    "githubRepo_description": "<a href='https://myrlang.org'>Myrddin</a> is a systems programming language. Myrddin emphasizes control, simplicity, a clear mental model and predictable, transparent behavior. It features strong type checking, generics, type inference, closures, and traits. It aims to fit a similar niche as C, but with fewer bullets in your feet.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/oridb/mc/issues",
    "rijuRepl_description": "<a href='https://myrlang.org'>Myrddin</a> is a systems programming language. Myrddin emphasizes control, simplicity, a clear mental model and predictable, transparent behavior. It features strong type checking, generics, type inference, closures, and traits. It aims to fit a similar niche as C, but with fewer bullets in your feet.",
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    "name": "none",
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    "creators": "Leonard Ritter",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://bitbucket.org/duangle/nonelang",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2367,
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    "githubRepo_description": "None (a backronym for None's Only Nested Expressions), also called Nonelang for clarity, is a young, powerful, convenient, extensible and performant programming language and infrastructure. It is developed alongside our game in production, NOWHERE (we have a Patreon going if you would like to support us).",
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    "id": "paxscript",
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    "creators": "Alexander Baranovsky",
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    "website": "https://web.archive.org/web/20150519155028/www.paxscript.com",
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    "appeared": 2018,
    "creators": "Gerry Rzeppa and Dan Rzeppa",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://osmosian.com/",
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    "rank": 2370,
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    "example": "The background is a picture.  A button has a box and a name.  To clear the status:   Clear the status' string.   Show everything.   To create the background:   Draw the screen's box with the white color.   Loop.   Pick a spot anywhere in the screen's box.   Pick a color between the lightest gray color and the white color.   Dab the color on the spot.   If a counter is past 80000, break.   If the counter is evenly divisible by 1000, refresh the screen.   Repeat.   Extract the background given the screen's box. \\or Create the background from the screen. Or something.   To create a work given a URL:   Allocate memory for the work.   Put the URL into the work's URL.   To create some works given a buffer:   Destroy the works.   Put nil into the current work.   Slap a rider on the buffer.   Loop.   Move the rider (Googley image rules).   If the rider's token is blank, exit.   Create a work given the rider's token.   Append the work to the works.   Repeat.   The current work is a work. To dab a color on a spot:   Pick an ellipse's left-top within 1/16 inch of the spot.   Pick the ellipse's right-bottom within 1/16 inch of the spot.   Draw the ellipse with the color.   To decide if a spot is in a button:   If the spot is in the button's box, say yes.   Say no.   To decide if a work is finished:   If the work is nil, say yes.   If the work's painting is not nil, say yes.   Say no.   To draw a button:   Draw the button's name in the button's box.   To draw the status:   Draw the status' string in the center of the status' box.   To draw a string in a box in the center: \\ needed in sausage   draw the string in the box with \"center\".   To draw the text:   Put the text's string then \"_\" into a string.   Draw the string in the text's box.   To draw a work:   If the work is nil, exit.   If the work is not finished, exit.   Draw the work's painting.   To finalize our stuff:   Destroy the background.   Destroy the works.   To finish a work:   If the work is nil, exit.   If the work is finished, exit.   Create a picture given the work's URL.   If the picture is nil, exit.   Resize the picture to 5-1/2 inches by 5-1/2 inches.   Center the picture in the screen's box.   Draw the background.   Draw the picture.   Loop.   Pick a spot anywhere near the picture's box.   Mix a color given the spot.   Dab the color on the spot.   If a counter is past 20000, break.   Repeat.   Extract the work's painting given the picture's box.   Destroy the picture.   To go to a work:   If the work is nil, exit.   Show \"Working...\" in the status.   Put the work into the current work.   Finish the current work.   Clear the status.   Show everything.   To handle any events:   Deque an event.   If the event is nil, exit.   Handle the event.   Repeat.   To handle an event:   If the event's kind is \"set cursor\", handle the event (set cursor); exit.   If the event's kind is \"refresh\", handle the event (refresh); exit.   If the event's kind is \"left click\", handle the event (left click); exit.   If the event's kind is \"key down\", handle the event (key down); exit.   To handle an event (backspace):   If the text's string is blank, cluck; exit.   Remove the last byte from the text's string.   Show everything.   To handle an event (end):   If the current work is nil, cluck; exit.   If the current work is the works' last, cluck; exit.   Go to the works' last.   To handle an event (enter):   If the text's string is blank, cluck; exit.   Show \"Working...\" in the status.   Put \"http://images.google.com/images?q=\" into a URL. \\  Put \"http://images.google.com/images?safe=active&q=\" into a URL.   Convert the text's string to a query string.   Append the query string to the URL.   Read the URL into a buffer.   If the i/o error is not blank, show the i/o error in the status; exit.   Create the works given the buffer.   If the works are empty, show \"Huh?\" in the status; exit.   Go to the works' first.   To handle an event (escape):   Clear the text's string.   Show everything.   To handle an event (home):   If the current work is nil, cluck; exit.   If the current work is the works' first, cluck; exit.   Go to the works' first.   To handle an event (key down):   Clear the status.   If the event is modified, handle the event (shortcut); exit.   If the event's byte is printable, handle the event (printable); exit.   Put the event's key into a key.   If the key is the escape key, handle the event (escape); exit.   If the key is the backspace key, handle the event (backspace); exit.   If the key is the enter key, handle the event (enter); exit.   If the key is the home key, handle the event (home); exit.   If the key is the end key, handle the event (end); exit.   If the key is the page-up key, handle the event (page-up); exit.   If the key is the page-down key, handle the event (page-down); exit.   To handle an event (left click):   Clear the status.   If the event's spot is in the print button, print.   If the event's spot is in the quit button, quit.   To handle an event (page-down):   If the current work is nil, cluck; exit.   If the current work's next is nil, cluck; exit.   Go to the current work's next.   To handle an event (page-up):   If the current work is nil, cluck; exit.   If the current work's previous is nil, cluck; exit.   Go to the current work's previous.   To handle an event (printable):   Append the event's byte to the text's string.   Show everything.   To handle an event (refresh):   Show everything.   To handle an event (set cursor):   Show the arrow cursor.   To handle an event (shortcut):   If the event's key is the q-key, quit; exit.   If the event's key is the p-key, print; exit.   To initialize the buttons:   Put the screen's bottom minus 1/2 inch into a spot's y.   Put the screen's right minus 1/2 inch into the spot's x.   Make the quit button given the spot and \"Quit\".   Put the quit button's left minus 1/2 inch into the spot's x.   Make the print button given the spot and \"Print\".   To initialize our stuff:   Create the background.   Initialize the status.   Initialize the buttons.   Initialize the text.   Show \"Hello, World!\" in the status.   To initialize the status:   Put the screen's center into a spot.   Put the spot's x minus 1 inch into the status' left.   Put the spot's x plus 1 inch into the status' right.   Put the screen's bottom minus 3/4 inch into the status' top.   Put the screen's bottom minus 1/2 inch into the status' bottom.   To initialize the text:   Put the screen's left plus 1/2 inch into the text's left.   Put the text's left plus 2 inches into the text's right.   Put the screen's bottom minus 3/4 inch into the text's top.   Put the screen's bottom minus 1/2 inch into the text's bottom.   To make a button given a spot and a name:   Put the spot's x minus the name's width into the button's left.   Put the spot's y minus 1/4 inch into the button's top.   Put the spot into the button's right-bottom.   Put the name into the button's name.   To mix a color given a spot:   Get the color given the spot.   If the color is not very very light, exit.   Pick the color between the lightest gray color and the white color.   To move a rider (Googley image rules):   Clear the rider's token.   Loop.   If the rider's source is blank, exit.   If the rider's source starts with \"src=\"\"http://t\", break.   Add 1 to the rider's source's first.   Repeat.   Add \"src=\"\"\"'s length to the rider's source's first.   Position the rider's token on the rider's source.   Move the rider (HTML attribute rules).   To move a rider (HTML attribute rules):   If the rider's source is blank, exit.   If the rider's source's first's target is the right-alligator byte, exit.   If the rider's source's first's target is the double-quote byte, exit.   Bump the rider.   Repeat.   A painting is a picture. To pick a spot anywhere near a box:   Privatize the box.   Outdent the box given 1/8 inch.   Pick the spot anywhere in the box.   To print:   If the current work is nil, cluck; exit.   Show \"Printing...\" in the status.   Begin printing.   Begin a sheet.   Center the current work's painting in the sheet.   Draw the current work's painting.   Center the current work's painting in the screen's box.   End the sheet.   End printing.   Show \"Printed\" in the status.   The print button is a button. To quit:   Relinquish control.   The quit button is a button. To run:   Start up.   Initialize our stuff.   Handle any events.   Finalize our stuff.   Shut down.   To show everything:   Hide the cursor.   Draw the background.   Draw the status.   Draw the print button.   Draw the quit button.   Draw the text.   Draw the current work.   Refresh the screen.   To show a string in the status:   Put the string into the status' string.   Show everything.   The status has a box and a string. The text has a box and a string. A work is a thing with a URL and a painting. The works are some works.",
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    "domainName": "osmosian.com"
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    "id": "plink-bed-format",
    "name": "plink-bed-format",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "binaryDataFormat",
    "website": "https://www.cog-genomics.org/plink2/formats#bed",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2371,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20303,
    "isLanguage": false,
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    "primaryTag": "binaryDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "Primary representation of genotype calls at biallelic variants. Do not confuse this with the UCSC Genome Browser's BED format, which is totally different. Used in plink.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Primary representation of genotype calls at biallelic variants. Do not confuse this with the UCSC Genome Browser's BED format, which is totally different. Used in plink.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/samtools",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Primary representation of genotype calls at biallelic variants. Do not confuse this with the UCSC Genome Browser's BED format, which is totally different. Used in plink.",
    "fileExtensions": "bed",
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    "fileType": "binary",
    "country": "Various",
    "reference": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002929707613524",
    "example": "0x6c 0x1b 0x01 0xdc 0x0f 0xe7 0x0f 0x6b 0x01",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "plink-map-format",
    "name": "plink-map-format",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "textDataFormat",
    "website": "https://www.cog-genomics.org/plink2/formats#map",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2372,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20303,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "textDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "Variant information file accompanying a .ped text pedigree + genotype table.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Variant information file accompanying a .ped text pedigree + genotype table.",
    "lab": "Harvard University",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Variant information file accompanying a .ped text pedigree + genotype table.",
    "fileExtensions": "map",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002929707613524",
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  {
    "id": "plumb",
    "name": "plumb",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://chriswarbo.net/plumb",
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    "rank": 2373,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "webRepl": "http://www.chriswarbo.net/projects/plumb/try.html",
    "lab": "http://www.chriswarbo.net",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "docs": "http://www.chriswarbo.net/projects/plumb/using.html",
    "country": "Unknown",
    "reference": "https://github.com/Warbo",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n8213721|Show HN: Plumb, a functional language embedded in PHP, JS and Python|2014-08-22 20:11:17 UTC|1408738277|chriswarbo|6|7"
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    "id": "procfile",
    "name": "Procfile",
    "appeared": 2012,
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/procfile#procfile-format",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2374,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20303,
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    "githubLanguage_filenames": "Procfile",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "batchfile",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.procfile",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "pygmentsHighlighter_filename": "procfile.py",
    "lab": "Heroku, Inc",
    "pygmentsHighlighter_fileExtensions": "Procfile",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "web: bundle exec rails server -p $PORT",
    "pygmentsHighlighter": "Procfile",
    "hasIntegers": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "githubBigQuery": "Procfile",
    "githubLanguage": "Procfile"
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  {
    "id": "protium",
    "name": "protium",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "creators": "Diarmuid Pigott",
    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.protiumblue.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2375,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "domainName_registered": 2019,
    "lab": "Strapper",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Australia",
    "reference": "http://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/3468524",
    "example": "<@ DEFAREFLE>pleac</@> <@ DEFFLELIT>pleac|C:\\Documents and Settings\\All Users\\Documents\\Projects\\PLEAC\\pleac_perl.data</@> <@ ITEENUFLELIT>pleac| <@ LETVARELTFLE>aLine|...</@> <@ TSTRXPVARLIT>aLine|# \\^\\^PLEAC\\^\\^_(\\d+\\.\\d+)</@> <@ IFF><@ LETVARKEY>number|__Reg1</@> <@ ACTSNKLIT>__Off</@> <@ ACTSNKEMMLIT>pleac_perl_&number;.p</@> </@> <@ SAYVAR>aLine</@> </@>",
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    "domainName": "protiumblue.com"
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    "id": "scriptease",
    "name": "ScriptEase",
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    "measurements": 12,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://web.archive.org/web/20160402174838/http://old.minford.k12.oh.us/sewse/index.htm",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "hoplId": 3619,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "standsFor": "File Oriented Interpretive Language",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "FOIL was the name for two different programming languages.",
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    "id": "jaws-scripting-language",
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    "aka": "JSL",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2011,
    "wikipedia_summary": "JAWS Scripting Language is a proprietary programming language that facilitates the interoperability of the JAWS for Windows screen reading program with practically any application–both proprietary and off-the-shelf.  The JAWS Scripting Language, or JSL is a compiled language, allowing for source code protection.  \"JAWS scripting\" commonly also cumulatively refers to customization of JAWS through use of its built-in, user-editable utilities (called \"Managers\") or editing the configuration files directly, in combination with writing actual scripts.  The scripting language is an API that exposes functionality including a combination of traditional JAWS scripting, MSAA Server direct scripting, and document object model scripting to ensure optimal performance of JAWS to end-users.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 5,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 12,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 16873677,
    "lab": "Freedom Scientific Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JAWS_(screen_reader)",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JAWS_Scripting_Language",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "parrot-assembly",
    "name": "Parrot Assembly",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "assembly",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2394,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20283,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "assembly",
    "githubLanguage_repos": 1,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_group": "Parrot",
    "githubLanguage_aliases": "pasm",
    "githubLanguage_interpreters": "parrot",
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "none",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_related": "assembly-language parrot-vm parrot-internal-representation",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Parrot assembly language (PASM) is the basic assembly language used by the Parrot virtual machine. PASM is the lowest level assembly language in the Parrot stack. The Parrot intermediate representation (PIR) is PASM extended to simplify development of compilers. The hello world program in PASM is simply:  print \"Hello world!\\n\" end  Although it appears similar to source code in some high-level programming languages, more complex PASM programs will resemble other assembly languages. The main exceptions to this low level programming in PASM are string handling and, as shown above, input and output. Additionally, PASM has automatic garbage collection from the virtual machine, and it does not allow pointer arithmetic. Parrot assembly language has more instructions than hardware assembly languages, even  CISC processors. This is because the marginal cost of creating a new instruction in Parrot is low compared to the marginal cost of doing so in hardware, and the creators of Parrot had no particular goal of minimalism.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 12,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 35,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 293811,
    "lab": "https://www.perl.org",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "pasm",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "#!/usr/bin/env parrot  .pcc_sub :main main:     say \"Hello!\"     end",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parrot_assembly_language",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage": "Parrot Assembly"
  },
  {
    "id": "wxbasic",
    "name": "WxBasic",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2395,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20283,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2002,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux perl java visual-basic c",
    "wikipedia_summary": "wxBasic is a free software / open-source software, cross-platform BASIC interpreter. As it is based on syntax of the BASIC language, it is designed to be simple to learn and understand, and allow novice programmers to write applications for graphical environments like Windows and Linux with minimal effort.  wxBasic is a bytecode based language, like Perl or Java. It is licensed under the LGPL, so proprietary software's source code can be linked against it. It can create stand-alone executables by binding together source code with the interpreter. In contrast with executables created by similar commercial programs like Visual Basic, executables produced by wxBasic do not require any external DLL file, resource file, or installer to run.  The executable is distributed alone and can be run immediately by end-users.  As with programs written in any interpreted language, wxBasic programs may also be run straight from the source code on any platform, if wxBasic is present.    wxBasic is written primarily in C, with some C++ linking it to the wxWidgets library. wxWidgets supplies the cross-platform features. It runs on Microsoft Windows using native controls, and on Linux and macOS using the GTK+ library.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 26,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 68,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 770576,
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "wikipedia_example": "' from http://wxbasic.sourceforge.net/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=554   ' Simple Text Viewer written in wxBasic   dim AppName = \"Text Viewer\"   fileName = \"\"    ' Main window   dim frame = new wxFrame( Nothing, -1, AppName & \" - Untitled Document\" )   ' Text edit control   dim control = new wxTextCtrl( frame, -1, \"\", wxPoint( 0, 0 ),   wxSize( 100, 100 ), wxTE_MULTILINE | wxTE_READONLY | wxTE_RICH)    ' Status bar - The one at the bottom of the window   dim status = frame.CreateStatusBar( 1 )   frame.SetStatusText(\"Ready\")   '   ' Dialog used for Open   dim fileDialog = new wxFileDialog( frame )   '   ' add menubar to the frame   dim mBar = new wxMenuBar()   frame.SetMenuBar(mBar)   '   ' build the \"File\" dropdown menu   dim mFile = new wxMenu()   mBar.Append(mFile, \"&File\")    ' make it   '   mFile.Append( wxID_OPEN, \"&Open...\", \"Loads an existing file from disk\" )   '   mFile.AppendSeparator()   mFile.Append( wxID_EXIT, \"E&xit\\tAlt-X\", \"Exit Application\" )    Sub onFileOpen( event )      fileDialog.SetMessage(\"Open File\")      fileDialog.SetStyle( wxOPEN )      If fileDialog.ShowModal() = wxID_OK Then        fileName = fileDialog.GetPath()        Ext = fileDialog.GetFilename()        control.Clear()        control.LoadFile( fileName )        frame.SetTitle( AppName & \" - \" & fileName )        frame.SetStatusText(Ext)     End If   End Sub   '   Connect( frame, wxID_OPEN, wxEVT_COMMAND_MENU_SELECTED, \"onFileOpen\" )    Sub onFileExit( event )     frame.Close(True)   End Sub   '   Connect( frame, wxID_EXIT, wxEVT_COMMAND_MENU_SELECTED, \"onFileExit\" )    ' build the \"Help\" dropdown menu   dim mHelp = new wxMenu()   mBar.Append(mHelp, \"&Help\")   mHelp.Append( wxID_HELP, \"&About\\tF1\", \"About this program\" )   '   Sub onHelpAbout( event )     Dim msg = \"Text View allows any text file\\n\" &     \"to be viewed regardless of its extension.\\n\" &     \"If the file being opened isn't a text file\\n\" &     \"then it won't be displayed. There will be a\\n\" &     \"little garbage shown and that's all.\"     wxMessageBox( msg, \"About Text View\", wxOK + wxICON_INFORMATION, frame )   End Sub   Connect( frame, wxID_HELP, wxEVT_COMMAND_MENU_SELECTED, \"onHelpAbout\" )    frame.Show(True)",
    "lineCommentToken": "'",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WxBasic",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "csg",
    "name": "CSG Format",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "creators": "Marius Kintel and Clifford Wolf",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "3d textDataFormat",
    "spec": "https://github.com/openscad/openscad/wiki/CSG-File-Format",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2396,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20265,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "3d",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Constructive Solid Geometry",
    "description": "The CSG file format is a text-based format used by OpenSCAD to represent constructive solid geometry (CSG) operations for 3D modeling. It defines a tree of geometric primitives and operations (union, difference, intersection) to create complex 3D models. CSG files are typically used as an intermediate representation in OpenSCAD for rendering and exporting 3D designs.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The CSG file format is a text-based format used by OpenSCAD to represent constructive solid geometry (CSG) operations for 3D modeling. It defines a tree of geometric primitives and operations (union, difference, intersection) to create complex 3D models. CSG files are typically used as an intermediate representation in OpenSCAD for rendering and exporting 3D designs.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The CSG file format is a text-based format used by OpenSCAD to represent constructive solid geometry (CSG) operations for 3D modeling. It defines a tree of geometric primitives and operations (union, difference, intersection) to create complex 3D models. CSG files are typically used as an intermediate representation in OpenSCAD for rendering and exporting 3D designs.",
    "fileExtensions": "csg",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 17,
    "related": "openscad",
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "docs": "https://github.com/openscad/openscad/wiki/CSG-File-Format",
    "country": "Norway",
    "example": "cylinder(h=3.0, r=0.5, center=true);",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "interleaved-notation",
    "name": "Interleaved Notation",
    "appeared": 2022,
    "creators": "Michael Homer",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2397,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20265,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "screenshot": "interleaved-notation.png",
    "webRepl": "http://ecs.vuw.ac.nz/~mwh/demos/p22-2d-concat/",
    "description": "A two-dimensional notation for programs, comprising alternating rows of functions and operands with arguments and return values indicated by physical layout,and a tool for interactive live editing of programs in this notation.",
    "githubRepo_description": "A two-dimensional notation for programs, comprising alternating rows of functions and operands with arguments and return values indicated by physical layout,and a tool for interactive live editing of programs in this notation.",
    "paper": "https://michael.homer.nz/Publications/PAINT2022/InterleavedNotation-Homer2022.pdf",
    "lab": "Victoria University of Wellington",
    "rijuRepl_description": "A two-dimensional notation for programs, comprising alternating rows of functions and operands with arguments and return values indicated by physical layout,and a tool for interactive live editing of programs in this notation.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 16,
    "related": "colorforth factor",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "visualParadigm": true,
    "country": "New Zealand",
    "reference": "https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3563836.3568722",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "qcl",
    "name": "QCL",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2398,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20265,
    "hoplId": 8263,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "q/QCL.qcl",
    "lab": "Technischen Universität Wien",
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "qcl",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 16,
    "country": "Austria",
    "reference": "https://github.com/aviggiano/qcl",
    "leachim6_example": "print \"Hello World\"; ",
    "leachim6": "QCL",
    "printToken": "print",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "hasStrings": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=8263"
  },
  {
    "id": "robots.txt",
    "name": "Robots.txt",
    "appeared": 1994,
    "creators": "Martijn Koster",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "configFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2399,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20265,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "configFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "A robots.txt file tells search engine crawlers which URLs the crawler can access on your site.",
    "githubRepo_description": "A robots.txt file tells search engine crawlers which URLs the crawler can access on your site.",
    "lab": "https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200350/http://inkdroid.org/tmp/www-talk/4113.html",
    "rijuRepl_description": "A robots.txt file tells search engine crawlers which URLs the crawler can access on your site.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 15,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robots_exclusion_standard",
    "example": "User-agent: googlebot        # all Google services Disallow: /private/          # disallow this directory  User-agent: googlebot-news   # only the news service Disallow: /                  # disallow everything  User-agent: *                # any robot Disallow: /something/        # disallow this directory",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "square",
    "name": "SQUARE",
    "appeared": 1975,
    "creators": "Raymond F. Boyce and Donald D. Chamberlin and W. Frank King III and Michael M. Hammer",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2400,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20265,
    "hoplId": 696,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "A data sublanguage called SQUARE, intended for use in ad hoc, interactive problem solving by non-computer specialists, and is shown to be relationally complete; however, it avoids the quantifiers and bound variables required by languages based on the relational calculus.",
    "githubRepo_description": "A data sublanguage called SQUARE, intended for use in ad hoc, interactive problem solving by non-computer specialists, and is shown to be relationally complete; however, it avoids the quantifiers and bound variables required by languages based on the relational calculus.",
    "paper": "https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/361219.361221",
    "lab": "IBM && Massachusettes Institute of Technology",
    "rijuRepl_description": "A data sublanguage called SQUARE, intended for use in ad hoc, interactive problem solving by non-computer specialists, and is shown to be relationally complete; however, it avoids the quantifiers and bound variables required by languages based on the relational calculus.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 21,
    "influencedBy": "sql bnf relational-model",
    "numberOfCreators": 4,
    "wordRank": 1834,
    "country": " United States",
    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/eb3e849c11a44bc211adc8d393bae752d8396808",
    "example": " EMP ('SHOE', > 10,000) NAME, MGR DEPT, SAL",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=696"
  },
  {
    "id": "struql",
    "name": "StruQL",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "creators": "Mary Fernández and Dan Suciu and and Igor Tatarinov",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2401,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20265,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "A StruQL query is a function from a set of input graphs to an output graph.",
    "githubRepo_description": "A StruQL query is a function from a set of input graphs to an output graph.",
    "lab": "AT&T and North Dakota State University",
    "rijuRepl_description": "A StruQL query is a function from a set of input graphs to an output graph.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 18,
    "numberOfCreators": 3,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/dsl99/full_papers/fernandez/fernandez.pdf",
    "example": " // Link root page to page of all accounts  link Root() -> \"Accounts\" -> AccountsPage()  // AccountsPage refers to each account in account database and its associated page  { where (acct, name, street, city, state, zip) in SQL.query(\"AccountDB\", \"select acct ...\")  link AccountsPage() -> \"Info\" -> Info(acct),  Info(acct) -> { \"Acct\" acct, \"Name\" name, \"Street\" street,  \"City\" city, \"State\" state, \"Zip\" zip,  \"AcctPage\" AcctPage(acct) },  AcctPage(acct) -> \"Info\" -> Info(acct)     // AcctPage refers to non-zero usage records in the usage database.   { where (date, dom is int, intl is int) in SQL.query(\"UsageDB\", \"select date ...\", acct)   dom + intl > 0   link AcctPage(acct) -> \"UsageData\" -> UsageData(acct),   UsageData(acct) -> \"Entry\" -> UsageEntry(acct, date),   UsageEntry(acct, date) -> { \"Date\" date, \"Total\" (dom + intl) }   }   // Query postal database to determine possible aliases for account   { where XMLRoot{root}, root -> \"addresses\".\"entry\" -> addr,   addr -> { \"name\" alias, \"address\".\"street\" street1, \"address\".\"zip\" zip },   street1 = street   link Info(acct) -> \"Alias\" -> alias   }   }",
    "lineCommentToken": "//",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "subx",
    "name": "SubX",
    "appeared": 2019,
    "creators": "Kartik K. Agaram",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "assembly",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2402,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20265,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "assembly",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "Author of Mu decided this year to switch implementation from C++ to his own x86 assembler subset named SubX.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Author of Mu decided this year to switch implementation from C++ to his own x86 assembler subset named SubX.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Author of Mu decided this year to switch implementation from C++ to his own x86 assembler subset named SubX.",
    "fileExtensions": "subx",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 16,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "reference": "https://github.com/akkartik/mu#readme",
    "example": "# 0x20-0x7e: basic latin # 0x20 = space   08/size   00/is-combine   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
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    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "yedalog",
    "name": "Yedalog",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "creators": "Brian Chin and Daniel von Dincklage and Vuk Ercegovac and Peter Hawkins and Mark S. Miller and Franz Och and Chris Olston and Fernando Pereira",
    "measurements": 14,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2403,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 20265,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": " We introduce Yedalog, a declarative programming language that allows programmers to mix data-parallel pipelines and computation seamlessly in a single language. By contrast, most existing tools for data-parallel computation embed a sublanguage of data-parallel pipelines in a general-purpose language, or vice versa. Yedalog extends Datalog, incorporating not only computational features from logic programming, but also features for working with data structured as nested records. Yedalog programs can run both on a single machine, and distributed across a cluster in batch and interactive modes, allowing programmers to mix different modes of execution easily.",
    "githubRepo_description": " We introduce Yedalog, a declarative programming language that allows programmers to mix data-parallel pipelines and computation seamlessly in a single language. By contrast, most existing tools for data-parallel computation embed a sublanguage of data-parallel pipelines in a general-purpose language, or vice versa. Yedalog extends Datalog, incorporating not only computational features from logic programming, but also features for working with data structured as nested records. Yedalog programs can run both on a single machine, and distributed across a cluster in batch and interactive modes, allowing programmers to mix different modes of execution easily.",
    "lab": "Google",
    "rijuRepl_description": " We introduce Yedalog, a declarative programming language that allows programmers to mix data-parallel pipelines and computation seamlessly in a single language. By contrast, most existing tools for data-parallel computation embed a sublanguage of data-parallel pipelines in a general-purpose language, or vice versa. Yedalog extends Datalog, incorporating not only computational features from logic programming, but also features for working with data structured as nested records. Yedalog programs can run both on a single machine, and distributed across a cluster in batch and interactive modes, allowing programmers to mix different modes of execution easily.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 23,
    "related": "datalog",
    "numberOfCreators": 8,
    "reference": "https://research.google/pubs/pub43462/",
    "example": "Documents = Load{path: \"document-parse-trees\"};  # Code to execute for each document: module PerDocument{tokens: T} = { # Computes parent-child relationships Child{p} = c :- T[c] == {parent: p, .._};  # Computes nodes that transitively descend from \"influenced\" Descendants{t: c} :- T[p] == {text: \"influenced\", .._}, c == Child{p}; Descendants{t: c} :- Descendants{t: p}, c == Child{p};  # Counts nodes in which each entity appears under the verb \"influenced\". Influence{mid} += 1 :- Descendants{t}, T[t] == {entity: mid, .._}; };  # Each entity’s influence from each hostname Influential{mid, hostname} += count :- Documents{tokens, hostname, .._}, PerDocument{tokens}.Influence{mid} == count;  # Persists Influential as protocol buffer data ? Store{data: Influential, path: \"influential-entities\"};",
    "lineCommentToken": "#",
    "hasComments": true,
    "hasLineComments": true,
    "hasSemanticIndentation": false,
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  },
  {
    "id": "visual-studio-editor",
    "name": "Visual Studio",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "editor",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2404,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 20259,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "editor",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2017,
    "wikipedia_related": "visual-studio-code-editor csharp git c visual-basic.net f-sharp javascript typescript xml html css python ruby mumps java jsharp regex uml linq cli-assembly visual-basic visual-foxpro sql asp jvm cil linux vba ml solidity xaml azure microsoft-small-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Microsoft Visual Studio is an integrated development environment (IDE) from Microsoft. It is used to develop computer programs, as well as websites, web apps, web services and mobile apps. Visual Studio uses Microsoft software development platforms such as Windows API, Windows Forms, Windows Presentation Foundation, Windows Store and Microsoft Silverlight. It can produce both native code and managed code. Visual Studio includes a code editor supporting IntelliSense (the code completion component) as well as code refactoring. The integrated debugger works both as a source-level debugger and a machine-level debugger. Other built-in tools include a code profiler, forms designer for building GUI applications, web designer, class designer, and database schema designer. It accepts plug-ins that enhance the functionality at almost every level—including adding support for source control systems (like Subversion and Git) and adding new toolsets like editors and visual designers for domain-specific languages or toolsets for other aspects of the software development lifecycle (like the Team Foundation Server client: Team Explorer). Visual Studio supports 36 different programming languages and allows the code editor and debugger to support (to varying degrees) nearly any programming language, provided a language-specific service exists. Built-in languages include C, C++, C++/CLI, Visual Basic .NET, C#, F#, JavaScript, TypeScript, XML, XSLT, HTML, and CSS. Support for other languages such as Python, Ruby, Node.js, and M among others is available via plug-ins. Java (and J#) were supported in the past. The most basic edition of Visual Studio, the Community edition, is available free of charge. The currently supported Visual Studio version is 2017. Microsoft announced 2019 on June 6, 2018, with its release timing to be shared \"in the coming months,\" promising \"to deliver ... quickly and iteratively.\"",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2156,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 1477,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 2769,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 13980768,
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 10800,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "fileType": "na",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "framework-office-suite",
    "name": "Framework office suite",
    "appeared": 1983,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Framework, launched in 1984, was the first office suite to run on the PC 8086 with the MS-DOS operating system. ValDocs, an even earlier integrated suite, actually comparable to the original Macintosh of 1984 and Apple Lisa of 1982 was produced by Epson, a complete integrated work station based on the previous Zilog Z80 processor and CP/M operating system with GUI and \"WYSIWYG\" typography on the monitor and printing. Framework offered all this however in the first all-in-one package to run on any PC platform. It was preceded by a few months by its close rival Lotus Symphony. Unlike other integrated products Framework was not created as \"plug-in\" modules with similar look and feel but as a single windowing workspace representing a desktop metaphor that could manage and outline \"Frames\" sharing a common underlying format. The initial release included about a dozen or so frame types (identified by a FRED function, @frametype). Frame types included containers which could be filled up with other frames, empty frames which could become other type of frames based on user input, formulas embedded in them or program output targeting them, word processor frames, flat-database frames and spreadsheet as well as graphic frames. Later versions included a frame type that can hold compiled executable code and the current version include an external type handled by separate applications running on the host operating system. Framework built-in interpreter, the FRED (Frame Editor) computer language, was based on Lisp and included an Eval function. It applied to all text and frame type across the product. Framework could be considered a predecessor to the present GUI window metaphor as well as integrated interpreters. The spreadsheet program was superior in its day, offering true 3D capability, where spreadsheets could form outline which can be \"opened\" to reveal a separate spreadsheet as well as other frame types—a feat of sheer convenient function never again seen and further enhanced in much later versions. Robert Carr and Marty Mazner founded Forefront Corporation to develop Framework in 1983. In July of that year, they approached Ashton-Tate to provide the capital and to later market the product.  Together with a team of six other individuals, Carr and company released the original Framework.  The product proved successful enough that in 1985, Ashton-Tate bought Forefront, a year sooner than planned. The original team, now working for Ashton-Tate, continued to enhance the product producing Framework II (1985), Framework III (1988-1989) and finally in 1991, the last Ashton-Tate's version, Framework IV.  Beginning with Framework II, the company also produced Framework II Runtime and Framework II Developer's Toolkit.  These products allowed application developers to create business applications using the built-in FRED programming language. Although Ashton-Tate humorously advertised that \"Lotus uses Framework\", Framework failed to gain more than a fraction of the market share needed to become a workplace standard. Lotus 1-2-3 was able to successfully capture most of the spreadsheet market and after a number of setbacks regarding Ashton-Tate's flag product, dBASE,  Borland bought Ashton-Tate and later sold Framework to Selections & Functions, Inc. Present versions include the FrameworkPascal compiler which extend Framework with Windows API. Framework works on most versions of Microsoft Windows. Framework 7 was the last version which can be run on Windows 95/98/ME or on DOS. Framework 8 and 9 only run on Windows XP. Beginning with Framework V (Framework 5), Selections and Functions introduced only a few features - mainly features required to prevent the office suite from becoming out-of-date. For example, Framework VII (Framework 7) introduced long file names, the Euro symbol and the ability to display pictures in Framework. Framework VIII (Framework 8) introduced the ability to display JPEG and .BMP files and to load such files into Framework databases. Of particular importance, all of the Selections and Functions' versions of Framework added the ability to share \"cut and paste\" (memory buffer data) between Windows and Framework. For detailed feature lists and screen shots see the Framework homepage listed below. Selections and Functions is nevertheless still selling Framework - although no price is available publicly. Programmers at Work (ISBN 0-914845-71-3) credits Robert Carr as the designer and principal developer of Framework.",
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    "id": "hls",
    "name": "HTTP Live Streaming",
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    "creators": "Roger Pantos",
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "website": "https://developer.apple.com/streaming/",
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    "lab": "Apple",
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    "reference": "https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8216",
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    "name": "Tk",
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    "creators": "John Ousterhout",
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    "website": "http://www.tcl.tk",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "SyNAPSE is a DARPA program that aims to develop electronic neuromorphic machine technology, an attempt to build a new kind of cognitive computer with form, function, and architecture similar to the mammalian brain.  Such artificial brains would be used in robots whose intelligence would scale with the size of the neural system in terms of total number of neurons and synapses and their connectivity. SyNAPSE is a backronym standing for Systems of Neuromorphic Adaptive Plastic Scalable Electronics. The name alludes to synapses, the junctions between biological neurons. The program is being undertaken by HRL Laboratories (HRL), Hewlett-Packard, and IBM Research.  In November 2008, IBM and its collaborators were awarded $4.9 million in funding from DARPA while HRL and its collaborators were awarded $5.9 million in funding from DARPA.  For the next phase of the project, DARPA added $16.1 million more to the IBM effort while HRL received an additional $10.7 million. In 2011, DARPA added $21 million more to the IBM project. and an additional $17.9 million to the HRL project. The SyNAPSE team for IBM is led by Dharmendra Modha, manager of IBM's cognitive computing initiative. The SyNAPSE team for HRL is led by Narayan Srinivasa, manager of HRL's Center for Neural and Emergent Systems.The initial phase of the SyNAPSE program developed nanometer scale electronic synaptic components capable of adapting the connection strength between two neurons in a manner analogous to that seen in biological systems (Hebbian learning), and simulated the utility of these synaptic components in core microcircuits that support the overall system architecture. Continuing efforts will focus on hardware development through the stages of microcircuit development, fabrication process development, single chip system development, and multi-chip system development. In support of these hardware developments, the program seeks to develop increasingly capable architecture and design tools, very large-scale computer simulations of the neuromorphic electronic systems to inform the designers and validate the hardware prior to fabrication, and virtual environments for training and testing the simulated and hardware neuromorphic systems.",
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    "id": "drs",
    "name": "DRS",
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    "creators": "Hans Kamp",
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    "tags": "knowledgeBase notation",
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    "standsFor": "Discourse Representation Structures",
    "description": "Discourse Representation Structures (DRS) is a formal notation within Discourse Representation Theory (DRT), designed to represent the semantics of natural language discourse. It uses box-like structures to capture referents, conditions, and their relationships, enabling dynamic semantic analysis for anaphora and context-sensitive expressions.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Discourse Representation Structures (DRS) is a formal notation within Discourse Representation Theory (DRT), designed to represent the semantics of natural language discourse. It uses box-like structures to capture referents, conditions, and their relationships, enabling dynamic semantic analysis for anaphora and context-sensitive expressions.",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
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    "example": "man(x) dog(y) owns(x,y) # Represents \"A man owns a dog,\" capturing referents x (man) and y (dog).",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "musicxml",
    "name": "MusicXML",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "MusicXML is an XML-based file format for representing Western musical notation. The format is open, fully documented, and can be freely used under the W3C Community Final Specification Agreement.",
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    "name": "SipHash",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "hashFunction",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2011,
    "wikipedia_summary": "SipHash is an add–rotate–xor (ARX) based family of pseudorandom functions created by Jean-Philippe Aumasson and Daniel J. Bernstein in 2012, in response to a spate of \"hash flooding\" denial-of-service attacks in late 2011.Although designed for use as a hash function in the computer science sense, SipHash is fundamentally different from cryptographic hash functions like SHA in that it is only suitable as a message authentication code: a keyed hash function like HMAC.  That is, SHA is designed so that it is difficult for an attacker to find two messages X and Y such that SHA(X) = SHA(Y), even though anyone may compute SHA(X).  SipHash instead guarantees that, having seen Xi and SipHash(Xi, k), an attacker who does not know the key k cannot find (any information about) k or SipHash(Y, k) for any message Y ∉ {Xi} which they have not seen before.",
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    "country": "Switzerland and United States",
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    "related": "edn datalog",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Autocoder was the name given to certain assemblers for a number of IBM computers of the 1950s and 1960s. The first Autocoders appear to have been the earliest assemblers to provide a macro facility.",
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    "id": "joule",
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    "creators": "E. Dean Tribble",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Joule is a concurrent dataflow programming language, designed for building distributed applications. It is so concurrent that the order of statements within a block is irrelevant to the operation of the block. Statements are executed whenever possible, based on their inputs. Everything in Joule happens by sending messages. There is no control flow. Instead, the programmer describes the flow of data, making it a dataflow programming language.   It is considered the precursor to the E programming language.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The MD5 message-digest algorithm is a widely used hash function producing a 128-bit hash value. Although MD5 was initially designed to be used as a cryptographic hash function, it has been found to suffer from extensive vulnerabilities. It can still be used as a checksum to verify data integrity, but only against unintentional corruption. It remains suitable for other non-cryptographic purposes, for example for determining the partition for a particular key in a partitioned database.MD5 was designed by Ronald Rivest in 1991 to replace an earlier hash function MD4, and was specified in 1992 as RFC 1321. One basic requirement of any cryptographic hash function is that it should be computationally infeasible to find two distinct messages that hash to the same value. MD5 fails this requirement catastrophically; such collisions can be found in seconds on an ordinary home computer. The weaknesses of MD5 have been exploited in the field, most infamously by the Flame malware in 2012. The CMU Software Engineering Institute considers MD5 essentially \"cryptographically broken and unsuitable for further use\".As of 2019, MD5 continues to be widely used, in spite of its well-documented weaknesses and deprecation by security experts.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) is a proposed language for the Semantic Web that can be used to express rules as well as logic, combining OWL DL or OWL Lite with a subset of the Rule Markup Language (itself a subset of Datalog).The specification was submitted in May 2004 to the W3C by the National Research Council of Canada, Network Inference (since acquired by webMethods), and Stanford University in association with the Joint US/EU ad hoc Agent Markup Language Committee. The specification was based on an earlier proposal for an OWL rules language.SWRL has the full power of OWL DL, but at the price of decidability and practical implementations. However, decidability can be regained by restricting the form of admissible rules, typically by imposing a suitable safety condition.Rules are of the form of an implication between an antecedent (body) and consequent (head). The intended meaning can be read as: whenever the conditions specified in the antecedent hold, then the conditions specified in the consequent must also hold.",
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    "description": "RustScript: A simple functional based programming language with as much relation to Rust as JavaScript has to Java",
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    "creators": "Jean E. Sammet",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "FORMAC, acronym of FORmula MAnipulation Compiler, was an early computer algebra system based on FORTRAN.  It was developed by Jean E. Sammet. FORMAC supported computation, manipulation, and use of symbolic expressions.",
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    "id": "stackless-python",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "interpreter",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Stackless Python, or Stackless, is a Python programming language interpreter, so named because it avoids depending on the C call stack for its own stack. In practice, Stackless Python uses the C stack, but the stack is cleared between function calls . The most prominent feature of Stackless is microthreads, which avoid much of the overhead associated with usual operating system threads. In addition to Python features, Stackless also adds support for coroutines, communication channels and task serialization.",
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    "id": "obj",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "OBJ is a programming language family introduced by Joseph Goguen in 1976. It is a family of declarative \"ultra high-level\" languages. It features abstract types, generic modules, subsorts (subtypes with multiple inheritance), pattern-matching modulo equations, E-strategies (user control over laziness), module expressions (for combining modules), theories and views (for describing module interfaces) for the massively parallel RRM (rewrite rule machine). Members of the OBJ family of languages include CafeOBJ, Eqlog, FOOPS, Kumo, Maude and OBJ3.",
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    "id": "sha-2-hash-function",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA). They are built using the Merkle–Damgård structure, from a one-way compression function itself built using the Davies–Meyer structure from a (classified) specialized block cipher. SHA-2 includes significant changes from its predecessor, SHA-1. The SHA-2 family consists of six hash functions with digests (hash values) that are 224, 256, 384 or 512 bits: SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512, SHA-512/224, SHA-512/256. SHA-256 and SHA-512 are novel hash functions computed with 32-bit and 64-bit words, respectively. They use different shift amounts and additive constants, but their structures are otherwise virtually identical, differing only in the number of rounds. SHA-224 and SHA-384 are truncated versions of SHA-256 and SHA-512 respectively, computed with different initial values. SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256 are also truncated versions of SHA-512, but the initial values are generated using the method described in Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) PUB 180-4. SHA-2 was published in 2001 by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)  a U.S. federal standard (FIPS). The SHA-2 family of algorithms are patented in US patent 6829355. The United States has released the patent under a royalty-free license.Currently, the best public attacks break preimage resistance for 52 out of 64 rounds of SHA-256 or 57 out of 80 rounds of SHA-512, and collision resistance for 46 out of 64 rounds of SHA-256.",
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    "id": "y-lang",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Executable UML (xtUML or xUML) is both a software development method and a highly abstract software language. It was described for the first time in 2002 in the book \"Executable UML: A Foundation for Model-Driven Architecture\". The language \"combines a subset of the UML (Unified Modeling Language) graphical notation with executable semantics and timing rules.\" The Executable UML method is the successor to the Shlaer–Mellor method. Executable UML models \"can be run, tested, debugged, and measured for performance.\", and can be compiled into a less abstract programming language to target a specific implementation. Executable UML supports model-driven architecture (MDA) through specification of platform-independent models, and the compilation of the platform-independent models into platform-specific models.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Z-machine is a virtual machine that was developed by Joel Berez and Marc Blank in 1979 and used by Infocom for its text adventure games. Infocom compiled game code to files containing Z-machine instructions (called story files or Z-code files) and could therefore port its text adventures to a new platform simply by writing a Z-machine implementation for that platform. With the large number of incompatible home computer systems in use at the time, this was an important advantage over using native code or developing a compiler for each system.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "In cryptography, SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1) is a cryptographic hash function which takes an input and  produces a 160-bit (20-byte) hash value known as a message digest – typically rendered as a hexadecimal number, 40 digits long. It was designed by the United States National Security Agency, and is a U.S. Federal Information Processing Standard.Since 2005 SHA-1 has not been considered secure against well-funded opponents, as of 2010 many organizations have recommended its replacement. NIST formally deprecated use of SHA-1 in 2011 and disallowed its use for digital signatures in 2013. Since 2020 attacks against SHA-1 are as practical as against MD5. It is recommended to remove SHA-1 in from products as soon as possible and use instead SHA-256 or SHA-3. Replacing SHA-1 is urgent where it's used for signatures. All major web browser vendors ceased acceptance of SHA-1 SSL certificates in 2017. In February 2017, CWI Amsterdam and Google announced they had performed a collision attack against SHA-1, publishing two dissimilar PDF files which produced the same SHA-1 hash.",
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    "id": "flex-lang",
    "name": "Flex language",
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    "creators": "Alan Kay",
    "measurements": 9,
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    "wikipedia_related": "smalltalk",
    "wikipedia_summary": "In computing, the FLEX language was developed by Alan Kay in the late 1960s while exploring ideas that would later evolve into the Smalltalk programming language.",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1967,
    "wikipedia_summary": "The term or acronym GARP can refer to:  Generic Attribute Registration Protocol, a communications protocol Genetic Algorithm for Rule Set Production, to determine ecological niches Global Atmospheric Research Programme, 1967-1982 Gratuitous Address Resolution ProtocolOr it could refer to the following fictional works or characters:  Monkey D. Garp, a character in the Japanese anime One Piece The World According to Garp, a 1978 novel by John Irving The World According to Garp (film), a 1982 film based on Irving's novel",
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    "aka": "kif",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Knowledge Interchange Format (KIF) is a computer language designed to enable systems to share and re-use information from knowledge-based systems. KIF is similar to frame languages such as KL-One and LOOM but unlike such language its primary role is not intended as a framework for the expression or use of knowledge but rather for the interchange of knowledge between systems. The designers of KIF likened it to PostScript. PostScript was not designed primarily as a language to store and manipulate documents but rather as an interchange format for systems and devices to share documents. In the same way KIF is meant to facilitate sharing of knowledge across different systems that use different languages, formalisms, platforms, etc. KIF has a declarative semantics. It is meant to describe facts about the world rather than processes or procedures. Knowledge can be described as objects, functions, relations, and rules. It is a formal language, i.e., it can express arbitrary statements in first order logic and can support reasoners that can prove the consistency of a set of KIF statements. KIF also supports non-monotonic reasoning. KIF was  created by Michael Genesereth, Richard Fikes and others participating in the DARPA knowledge Sharing Effort.Although the original KIF group intended to submit to a formal standards body, that did not occur.  A later version called Common Logic has since been developed for submission to ISO and has been approved and published. A variant called SUO-KIF is the language in which the Suggested Upper Merged Ontology is written.",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "MIMIC, known in capitalized form only, is a former simulation computer language developed 1964 by H. E. Petersen, F. J. Sansom and L. M. Warshawsky of Systems Engineering Group within the Air Force Materiel Command at the Wright-Patterson AFB in Dayton, Ohio, United States. It is an expression-oriented continuous block simulation language, but capable of incorporating blocks of FORTRAN-like algebra. MIMIC is a further development from MIDAS (Modified Integration Digital Analog Simulator), which represented analog computer design. Written completely in FORTRAN but one routine in COMPASS, and ran on Control Data supercomputers, MIMIC is capable of solving much larger simulation models. With MIMIC, ordinary differential equations describing mathematical models in several scientific disciplines as in engineering, physics, chemistry, biology, economics and as well as in social sciences can easily be solved by numerical integration and the results of the analysis are listed or drawn in diagrams. It also enables the analysis of nonlinear dynamic conditions. The MIMIC software package, written as FORTRAN overlay programs, executes input statements of the mathematical model in six consecutive passes. Simulation programs written in MIMIC are compiled rather than interpreted. The core of the simulation package is a variable step numerical integrator of fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. Many useful functions related to electrical circuit elements exist besides some mathematical functions found in most scientific programming languages. There is no need to sort the statements in order of dependencies of the variables, since MIMIC does it internally. Parts of the software organized in overlays are:  MIMIN (input)– reads in user simulation program and data, MIMCO (compiler) – compiles the user program and creates an in-core array of instructions, MIMSO (sort)– sorts the instructions array after dependencies of variables, MIMAS (assembler) – converts the BCD instructions into machine-oriented code, MIMEX (execute)– executes the user program by integrating, MIMOUT (output)– puts out the data as a list or diagram of data.",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "pop-2",
    "name": "POP-2",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2431,
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    "hoplId": 298,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1968,
    "wikipedia_related": "cowsel algol-60 pop-11 unix prolog poplog common-lisp standard-ml",
    "wikipedia_summary": "POP-2 (also referred to as POP2) is a programming language developed around 1970 from the earlier language POP-1 (developed by Robin Popplestone in 1968, originally named COWSEL) by Robin Popplestone and Rod Burstall at the University of Edinburgh.  It drew roots from many sources: the languages LISP and ALGOL 60, and theoretical ideas from Peter J. Landin. It used an incremental compiler, which gave it some of the flexibility of an interpreted language, including allowing new function definitions at run time and modification of function definitions while a program was running (both of which are features of dynamic compilation), without the overhead of an interpreted language.",
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    "lab": "University of Edinburgh",
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    "country": "United Kingdom",
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    "id": "spl",
    "name": "Structured Product Labeling",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "S-BASIC (for Structured Basic) was a \"structured\" BASIC variant, distributed with Kaypro CP/M systems.  It was made by Topaz Programming is distributed by Micro-Ap (San Ramon, CA).SBasic was compatible with the syntax of Basic, a programming language commonly used in the 1970s through the 1980s, as well as Fortran77.  However, the language relaxed many of the requirements of Basic and had more flexibility than Fortran.  For instance, line numbers were optional, and permitted non-numeric characters.  In addition, SBasic offered developers structured programming concepts, including recursion and nesting. Many PL-1 programs could be compiled with little modification, though SBasic did not offer an extensive function library. Among the more advanced features was the ability to \"base\" a variable or array, making the memory location dynamic and modifiable during execution.  SBasic programs had the ability to access memory areas reserved for the operating system unless prohibited from doing so by the operating system itself.  (Kaypro's CP/M had no such prohibitions.)  This enabled direct utilization and modification of DMA and other memory areas.  This feature also permitted a program to modify itself at run-time.  This capability also allowed modifying the instruction pointer, so a program could effectively link other executable modules that were read during execution as data. Unlike Basic interpreters that stored \"p-code\" that was parsed by an execution module, SBasic was a two-pass compiler, ultimately producing .com files that were executable.  The language was written in a subset of itself and compiled using a .com kernel, then stored on diskette (or hard drive on the last KayPro model).  The source was distributed with some KayPro models.  This encouraged open-source-like modification of the language, with some early pre-Internet user groups exchanging physical diskettes by regular mail. Not to be confused with the namesake SBasic (S for Spectral Basic) Programming Language for the commercial Spectral UV-Visible software.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Treelang is a \"toy\" programming language distributed with the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) to demonstrate the features of its code-generation backend. It was developed by Tim Josling, based on a language called Toy created by Richard Kenner.  During the GCC 4.3 release cycle, a patch was committed to remove the language, because of high maintenance costs outweighing its benefits and also because it was no longer considered a good front-end example by GCC developers.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Chipmunk Basic is a freeware version of the BASIC programming language maintained by developer Ron Nicholson. Chipmunk basic was originally developed for the Apple Macintosh and has been ported to Linux and Windows. The \"windowed\" Macintosh version includes a wide variety of graphics drawing commands. It also has object-oriented capabilities. The current version of Chipmunk Basic (and its spinoff products for Palm OS, cBasPad and HotPaw BASIC) was based on a public domain, Pascal implementation by David Gillespie, author of the Pascal translation tool p2c. In January 2015, a Cocoa version was released that may lack features from the older Carbon-based OS X port.",
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    "measurements": 9,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "PowerHouse is a trademarked name for a byte-compiled fourth-generation programming language (or 4GL) originally produced by Quasar Corporation (later renamed Cognos Incorporated) for the Hewlett-Packard HP3000 mini-computer. It was initially composed of five components:  QDD, or Quasar Data Dictionary: for building a central data dictionary used by all other components QDesign: a character-based screen generator Quick: an interactive, character-based screen processor (running screens generated by QDesign) Quiz: a report writer QTP: a batch transaction processor.",
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    "aka": "sol",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1970,
    "wikipedia_related": "solidity",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Secure Operations Language (SOL) was developed jointly by the United States Naval Research Laboratory and Utah State University in the United States. SOL is a  domain-specific synchronous programming language for developing distributed applications and is based on software engineering principles developed in the Software Cost Reduction project at the Naval Research Laboratory in the late 1970s and early 1980s. SOL is intended to be a domain-specific language for developing service-based systems. Concurrently, a domain-specific extension of Java (SOLj) is being developed (FTDCS 2007) Application domains include sensor networks, defense and space systems, healthcare delivery, power control, etc. The investigators of the project are Dr. Ramesh Bharadwaj from the Naval Research Laboratory and Dr. Supratik Mukhopadhyay from Utah State University.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "SISC is an R5RS Scheme implementation, which includes a full number tower, hygienic macros, proper tail recursion, and first class continuations. SISC is short for Second Interpreter of Scheme Code, in reference to its predecessor LISC, the Lightweight Interpreter of Scheme Code.SISC is free software, dual-licensed under the Mozilla Public License and the GNU General Public License, Version 2. It was developed by Scott G. Miller and Matthias Radestock.",
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    "lab": "Indiana University",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/SISC%3A-A-Complete-Scheme-Interpreter-in-Java-Miller/0e752abc43138fcb75ac4785a8abde65a18ff925",
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    "description": "AluVM assembly toolchain includes AluAsm – assembler – and ALink – linker, which may be used for producing AluVM and AluRE libraries and executable files.",
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    "creators": "Maxime Chevalier-Boisvert",
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    "id": "doml",
    "name": "DOML",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Basic4Android (currently known as B4A) is a rapid application development tool for native Android applications, developed and marketed by Anywhere Software Ltd. B4A is an alternative to programming with Java.B4A includes a visual designer that simplifies the process of building user interfaces that target phones and tablets with different screen sizes. Compiled programs can be tested in AVD Manager emulators or on real Android devices using Android Debug Bridge and B4A Bridge. The language itself is similar to Visual Basic and Visual Basic .Net though it is adapted to the native Android environment. B4A is an object-based and event-driven language. B4A generates standard signed Android applications which can be uploaded to app stores like Google Play, Samsung Apps and Amazon Appstore. There are no special dependencies or runtime frameworks required.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The IBM POWER ISA is a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by IBM. The name is an acronym for Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC. The ISA is used as base for high end microprocessors from IBM during the 1990s and were used in many of IBM's servers, minicomputers, workstations, and supercomputers. These processors are called POWER1 (RIOS-1, RIOS.9, RSC, RAD6000) and POWER2 (POWER2, POWER2+ and P2SC). The ISA evolved into the PowerPC instruction set architecture and was deprecated in 1998 when IBM introduced the POWER3 processor that was mainly a 32/64 bit PowerPC processor but included the POWER ISA for backwards compatibility. The POWER ISA was then abandoned.",
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    "name": "whack",
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    "creators": "Onchere Bironga",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Autocode is the name of a family of \"simplified coding systems\", later called programming languages, devised in the 1950s and 1960s for a series of  digital computers at the Universities of Manchester, Cambridge and London. Autocode was a generic term; the autocodes for different machines were not necessarily closely related as are, for example, the different versions of the single language FORTRAN. Today the term is used to refer to the family of early languages descended from the Manchester Mark 1 autocoder systems, which were generally similar. In the 1960s, the term autocoders was used more generically as to refer to any high-level programming language using a compiler.  Examples of languages referred to as autocodes are COBOL and Fortran.",
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    "id": "mama-software",
    "name": "Mama",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://web.archive.org/web/20181230132451/https://eytam.com/mama",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Mama is an object-oriented educational programming language designed to help young students start programming by providing all language elements in the student mother tongue. Mama programming language is available in several languages, with both left-to-right (LTR) and right-to-left (RTL) language direction support. A new variant of Mama was built on top of Carnegie Mellon's Alice development environment, supporting scripting of the 3D stage objects. This new variant of Mama was designed to help young students start programming by building 3D animations and games.",
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    "id": "agentspeak",
    "name": "AgentSpeak",
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    "creators": "Anand Rao",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1996,
    "wikipedia_summary": "AgentSpeak is an agent-oriented programming language. It is based on logic programming and the BDI architecture for (cognitive) autonomous agents. The language was originally called AgentSpeak(L), but became more popular as AgentSpeak, a term that is also used to refer to the variants of the original language.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Lynx is a programming language for large distributed networks, using remote procedure calls. It was developed by the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1984 for the Charlotte multicomputer operating system.  In 1986 at the University of Rochester Lynx was ported to the Chrysalis operating system running on a BBN Butterfly multiprocessor.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "PL/C is a computer programming language developed at Cornell University with the specific goal of being used for teaching programming.  It is based on  IBM's PL/I language, and was designed in the early 1970s.  Cornell also developed a compiler for the language that was based on its earlier CUPL compiler, and it was widely used in college-level programming courses.  The two researchers and academic teachers who designed PL/C were Richard W. Conway and Thomas R. Wilcox. They submitted the famous article \"Design and implementation of a diagnostic compiler for PL/I\" published in the Communications of ACM in March 1973, pages 169-179.   PL/C eliminated some of the more complex features of PL/I, and added extensive debugging and error recovery facilities. PL/C is a subset of PL/I.   A program that runs without error under the PL/C compiler should run under PL/I and produce the  same results, unless certain incompatible diagnostic features, such as a  macro section (begun by a $MACRO statement and finished by a $MEND statement), were used.The PL/C compiler had the unusual capability of never failing to compile any program, through the use of extensive automatic correction of many syntax errors and by converting any remaining syntax errors to output statements.",
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    "description": "This paper introduces BioScript, a domain-specific language (DSL) for programmable biochemistry which executes on emerging microfluidic platforms. The goal of this research is to provide a simple, intuitive, and type-safe DSL that is accessible to life science practitioners. The novel feature of the language is its syntax, which aims to optimize human readability; the technical contributions of the paper include the BioScript type system and relevant portions of its compiler. The type system ensures that certain types of errors, specific to biochemistry, do not occur, including the interaction of chemicals that may be unsafe. The compiler includes novel optimizations that place biochemical operations to execute concurrently on a spatial 2D array platform on the granularity of a control flow graph, as opposed to individual basic blocks. Results are obtained using both a cycle-accurate microfluidic simulator and a software interface to a real-world platform.",
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    "creators": "Giandomenico Spezzano and Domenico Talia",
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    "description": "This paper describes CARPET, a high-level programming language based on the cellular automata model. CARPET is a programming language designed to support the development of parallel high performance software. It exploits the computing power of a highly parallel computer releasing a user from using explicit parallel constructs. A CARPET implementation has been used for programming cellular algorithms in the CAMEL parallel environment. By CARPET a user might write programs to describe the actions of thousands of simple active agents interacting locally, then the CAMEL environment allows a user to observe the global complex evolution that arises from their parallel execution and their local interactions.",
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    "measurements": 13,
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    "description": "DSLX is a domain specific, functional language to build hardware that can also run effectively as host software. The DSL targets the XLS compiler (by conversion to XLS IR) to enable flows for FPGAs and ASICs (note that other frontends will become available in the future). DSLX mimics Rust, while being an immutable expression-based dataflow DSL with hardware-oriented features; e.g. arbitrary bitwidths, entirely fixed size objects, fully analyzeable call graph, etc. To avoid arbitrary new syntax/semantics choices the DSL mimics Rust where it is reasonably possible; for example, integer conversions all follow the same semantics as Rust.",
    "githubRepo_description": "DSLX is a domain specific, functional language to build hardware that can also run effectively as host software. The DSL targets the XLS compiler (by conversion to XLS IR) to enable flows for FPGAs and ASICs (note that other frontends will become available in the future). DSLX mimics Rust, while being an immutable expression-based dataflow DSL with hardware-oriented features; e.g. arbitrary bitwidths, entirely fixed size objects, fully analyzeable call graph, etc. To avoid arbitrary new syntax/semantics choices the DSL mimics Rust where it is reasonably possible; for example, integer conversions all follow the same semantics as Rust.",
    "lab": "Google",
    "rijuRepl_description": "DSLX is a domain specific, functional language to build hardware that can also run effectively as host software. The DSL targets the XLS compiler (by conversion to XLS IR) to enable flows for FPGAs and ASICs (note that other frontends will become available in the future). DSLX mimics Rust, while being an immutable expression-based dataflow DSL with hardware-oriented features; e.g. arbitrary bitwidths, entirely fixed size objects, fully analyzeable call graph, etc. To avoid arbitrary new syntax/semantics choices the DSL mimics Rust where it is reasonably possible; for example, integer conversions all follow the same semantics as Rust.",
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    "reference": "https://google.github.io/xls/dslx_reference/",
    "example": "fn cast_to_array(x: u6) -> u2[3] {   x as u2[3] }  fn cast_from_array(a: u2[3]) -> u6 {   a as u6 }  fn concat_arrays(a: u2[3], b: u2[3]) -> u2[6] {   a ++ b }  test cast_to_array {   let a_value: u6 = u6:0b011011;   let a: u2[3] = cast_to_array(a_value);   let a_array = u2[3]:[1, 2, 3];   let _ = assert_eq(a, a_array);   // Note: converting back from array to bits gives the original value.   let _ = assert_eq(a_value, cast_from_array(a));    let b_value: u6 = u6:0b111001;   let b_array: u2[3] = u2[3]:[3, 2, 1];   let b: u2[3] = cast_to_array(b_value);   let _ = assert_eq(b, b_array);   let _ = assert_eq(b_value, cast_from_array(b));    // Concatenation of bits is analogous to concatenation of their converted   // arrays. That is:   //   //  convert(concat(a, b)) == concat(convert(a), convert(b))   let concat_value: u12 = a_value ++ b_value;   let concat_array: u2[6] = concat_value as u2[6];   let _ = assert_eq(concat_array, concat_arrays(a_array, b_array));    // Show a few classic \"endianness\" example using 8-bit array values.   let x = u32:0xdeadbeef;   let _ = assert_eq(x as u8[4], u8[4]:[0xde, 0xad, 0xbe, 0xef]);   let y = u16:0xbeef;   let _ = assert_eq(y as u8[2], u8[2]:[0xbe, 0xef]);    () }",
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    "id": "linux-kernel-module",
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    "rank": 2501,
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    "description": "As of Linux kernel version 2.6, KO files are used in place of .O files and contain additional information that the kernel uses to load modules. The Linux program modpost can be used to convert O files into KO files.",
    "githubRepo_description": "As of Linux kernel version 2.6, KO files are used in place of .O files and contain additional information that the kernel uses to load modules. The Linux program modpost can be used to convert O files into KO files.",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "As of Linux kernel version 2.6, KO files are used in place of .O files and contain additional information that the kernel uses to load modules. The Linux program modpost can be used to convert O files into KO files.",
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    "reference": "https://www.tldp.org/LDP/lkmpg/2.6/lkmpg.pdf",
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    "id": "lp-format",
    "name": "LP Format",
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    "creators": "Robert Bixby",
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    "description": "A format for storing linear programming problems. The LP format captures an optimization model in a way that is easier for humans to read than MPS format, and can often be more natural to produce.",
    "githubRepo_description": "A format for storing linear programming problems. The LP format captures an optimization model in a way that is easier for humans to read than MPS format, and can often be more natural to produce.",
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    "reference": "https://lpsolve.sourceforge.net/5.5/lp-format.htm",
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    "id": "manchester-syntax",
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    "tags": "dataNotation",
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    "description": "The Manchester syntax is a user-friendly compact syntax for OWL 2 ontologies; it is frame-based, as opposed to the axiom-based other syntaxes for OWL 2. The Manchester Syntax is used in the OWL 2 Primer, and this document provides the language used there. It is expected that tools will extend the Manchester Syntax for their own purposes, and tool builders may collaboratively extend the common language.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The Manchester syntax is a user-friendly compact syntax for OWL 2 ontologies; it is frame-based, as opposed to the axiom-based other syntaxes for OWL 2. The Manchester Syntax is used in the OWL 2 Primer, and this document provides the language used there. It is expected that tools will extend the Manchester Syntax for their own purposes, and tool builders may collaboratively extend the common language.",
    "lab": "University of Manchester",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The Manchester syntax is a user-friendly compact syntax for OWL 2 ontologies; it is frame-based, as opposed to the axiom-based other syntaxes for OWL 2. The Manchester Syntax is used in the OWL 2 Primer, and this document provides the language used there. It is expected that tools will extend the Manchester Syntax for their own purposes, and tool builders may collaboratively extend the common language.",
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    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "reference": "http://webont.org/owled/2006/acceptedLong/submission_9.pdf",
    "example": "/**  * @rdfs:comment A vegetarian pizza is a pizza that only has cheese toppings  * and tomato toppings.  *  * @rdfs:label Pizza [en]  * @rdfs:label Pizza [pt]  */ Class: VegetarianPizza  EquivalentTo:   Pizza and  not (hasTopping some FishTopping) and  not (hasTopping some MeatTopping)  DisjointWith:    NonVegetarianPizza",
    "multiLineCommentTokens": "/* */",
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  {
    "id": "maude",
    "name": "Maude",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "measurements": 13,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2504,
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    "description": "Maude is a high-level language and high-performance system supporting both equational and rewriting logic computation for a wide range of applications.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Maude is a high-level language and high-performance system supporting both equational and rewriting logic computation for a wide range of applications.",
    "lab": "Universidad de Navarra && Universidad de Málaga && Universidad Complutense && Centro Informático Científico de Andalucía && SRI",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Maude is a high-level language and high-performance system supporting both equational and rewriting logic computation for a wide range of applications.",
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    "influencedBy": "obj",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Maude",
    "country": "Spain and United States",
    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/a9c022579be9dcff685682c1876f8a4532ac02cf",
    "example": "fmod FACTORIAL is     protecting INT .        op undefined : -> Int .    op _! : Int -> Int .        var n : Int .        eq 0 ! = 1 .    eq n ! = if n < 0 then undefined else n * (sd(n, 1) !) fi .     endfm  red 11 ! .",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2937",
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1993|A logical theory of concurrent objects and its realization in the Maude language|10.7551/mitpress/2087.003.0017|284|15|J. Meseguer|12f49ee3cb748d590ae424b9bfe2f54b07bd8abf\\n2009|Unification and Narrowing in Maude 2.4|10.1007/978-3-642-02348-4_27|33|2|M. Clavel and F. Durán and S. Eker and S. Escobar and P. Lincoln and N. Martí-Oliet and J. Meseguer and C. Talcott|7eb3e198b6f8fb13c9b44c7ec568c6177d4b4e6a\\n2000|Maude Action Tool: Using Reflection to Map Action Semantics to Rewriting Logic|10.1007/3-540-45499-3_29|29|2|Christiano Braga and E. Haeusler and J. Meseguer and P. Mosses|f2fc100aa3ebad603020c23815e3d33a52b611bf\\n2007|Translating AUML Diagrams into Maude Specifications: A Formal Verification of Agents Interaction Protocols|10.5381/jot.2007.6.4.a2|16|1|Farid Mokhati and N. Boudiaf and M. Badri and L. Badri|2e5d0fa77ab277ccf9835a05cd7e0d4487c7d3dc\\n2012|Modelling and analyzing adaptive self-assembly strategies with Maude|10.1007/978-3-642-34005-5_7|16|0|R. Bruni and A. Corradini and F. Gadducci and Alberto Lluch-Lafuente and Andrea Vandin|042bc43e1451f6a36bdf1f3971785f155b090407\\n2006|Prototyping 3APL in the Maude term rewriting language|10.1145/1160633.1160865|14|1|M. Riemsdijk and F. S. Boer and M. Dastani and J. Meyer|ccaf53e978f2f67cc0bebb790f72228ef4e3ae0a\\n2009|Generating Maude Specifications From UML Use Case Diagrams|10.5381/jot.2009.8.2.a2|13|0|Farid Mokhati and M. Badri|02ebf983954cf64d3a4f243cf4c98bd1619f57e3\\n1992|Translating TROLL light Concepts to Maude|10.1007/3-540-57867-6_10|11|0|G. Denker and Martin Gogolla|734de44349047f52ce951030fba50d8957068129\\n2010|Using the Maude Term Rewriting Language for Agent Development with Formal Foundations|10.1007/978-1-4419-6984-2_9|10|1|M. Riemsdijk and L. Astefanoaei and F. S. Boer|7cfc25024bdea53ac5644546ac8bcfd7045c65e6\\n2014|Using Big-Step and Small-Step Semantics in Maude to Perform Declarative Debugging|10.1007/978-3-319-07151-0_4|8|0|A. Riesco|6d741f902c926d18b96a68c639e7d0a8931333af\\n1993|Programming in OBJ and Maude|10.1007/3-540-56883-2_12|7|1|T. Winkler|c7c812225bcf0d41bd1ab6c759313f6a0134130f\\n2018|Symbolic Reasoning Methods in Rewriting Logic and Maude|10.1007/978-3-662-57669-4_2|6|0|J. Meseguer|a0801850d231852868b477aea5285f3af3b3384e\\n2000|Using Maude|10.1007/3-540-46428-X_27|5|0|M. Clavel and F. Durán and S. Eker and P. Lincoln and N. Martí-Oliet and J. Meseguer and J. F. Quesada|c22441fe433f3a1845ba3353204e29c52a610cc6\\n2008|A Declarative Debugger for Maude|10.1007/978-3-540-79980-1_9|5|0|A. Riesco and A. Verdejo and N. Martí-Oliet and R. Caballero|4cfb0f9b759857b64d4fa648c42e4dcfeb62f49a\\n2012|Using Semantics Specified in Maude to Generate Test Cases|10.1007/978-3-642-32943-2_7|5|0|A. Riesco|c2e817c7a0b94d016cdc302281d226ea0906c5a2\\n2012|Formal Verification of a Subset of UML Diagrams: An Approach Using Maude|10.4018/978-1-61350-456-7.CH411|5|0|A. Chaoui and Okba Tibermacine and A. Zerek|3669f068d55ba494ae435328f83811aaa6adcb6b\\n2009|Teaching Formal Methods Based on Rewriting Logic and Maude|10.1007/978-3-642-04912-5_3|4|0|P. C. Ölveczky|e91b6d2a43694a79e7b019ad50239d6cf4e6e14f\\n2015|Memory Policy Analysis for Semantics Specifications in Maude|10.1007/978-3-319-27436-2_18|4|0|A. Riesco and I. Asavoae and Mihail Asavoae|03f2da10fde941c7cc23332ab1dd71a4b1a502e0\\n2005|Analysis of the Suzuki-Kasami algorithm with the Maude model checker|10.1109/APSEC.2005.40|3|0|K. Ogata and K. Futatsugi|0799d5984c5df95c1a4108b63809004c195b8f78\\n2014|Functional Logic Programming in Maude|10.1007/978-3-642-54624-2_16|3|0|S. Escobar|6c9b2d5a5de9de40eab087f6f2bb2644e97c92d4\\n2018|Implementation of Privacy Calculus and Its Type Checking in Maude|10.1007/978-3-030-03421-4_30|2|0|Georgios V. Pitsiladis and P. Stefaneas|361e8fcca7d83008c4ee5e8371ee6059311f85b8\\n2010|Towards Formalizing Multi-Agent Systems Functional Requirements In Maude|10.26483/IJARCS.V1I2.20|1|0|Fathi Hamidane and Habiba Belleili-Souici Farid Mokhati|834fcaad9f293ba90c5312344b27afc7e4aa84a3\\n2018|Model Checking Parameterized by the Semantics in Maude|10.1007/978-3-319-90686-7_13|1|0|A. Riesco|6e784a46ab2aa36100461cb5aac6bc22f383babb"
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    "id": "pbm-format",
    "name": "Portable Bit Map Format",
    "appeared": 1986,
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    "primaryTag": "textDataFormat",
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    "description": "The PBM format is a lowest common denominator monochrome file format. It serves as the common language of a large family of bitmap image conversion filters. Because the format pays no heed to efficiency, it is simple and general enough that one can easily develop programs to convert to and from just about any other graphics format, or to manipulate the image. The name \"PBM\" is an acronym derived from \"Portable Bit Map.\"",
    "githubRepo_description": "The PBM format is a lowest common denominator monochrome file format. It serves as the common language of a large family of bitmap image conversion filters. Because the format pays no heed to efficiency, it is simple and general enough that one can easily develop programs to convert to and from just about any other graphics format, or to manipulate the image. The name \"PBM\" is an acronym derived from \"Portable Bit Map.\"",
    "lab": "https://netpbm.sourceforge.net/history.html",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The PBM format is a lowest common denominator monochrome file format. It serves as the common language of a large family of bitmap image conversion filters. Because the format pays no heed to efficiency, it is simple and general enough that one can easily develop programs to convert to and from just about any other graphics format, or to manipulate the image. The name \"PBM\" is an acronym derived from \"Portable Bit Map.\"",
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    "country": "Unknown",
    "reference": "http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/doc/pbm.html",
    "example": "P1 # This is an example bitmap of the letter \"J\" 6 10 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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  {
    "id": "peng",
    "name": "PENG",
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    "measurements": 13,
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    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2506,
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    "standsFor": "Processed English",
    "description": " A controlled language processor translates PENG text to first-order logic via a discourse representation structure. The resultant logical theory can then be checked for consistency and informativity, and may also be used for question-answering by third-party reasoning services.",
    "githubRepo_description": " A controlled language processor translates PENG text to first-order logic via a discourse representation structure. The resultant logical theory can then be checked for consistency and informativity, and may also be used for question-answering by third-party reasoning services.",
    "lab": "Macquarie University",
    "rijuRepl_description": " A controlled language processor translates PENG text to first-order logic via a discourse representation structure. The resultant logical theory can then be checked for consistency and informativity, and may also be used for question-answering by third-party reasoning services.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "related": "drs",
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    "country": "Australia",
    "reference": "https://aclanthology.org/U09-1011.pdf",
    "example": "[drs([A, B, C], [theta(A, theme, C)#[1], event(A, working)#[1], theta(A, location, B)#[1], named(B, macquarie university)#[1, [third, sg, neut], [’Macquarie’,’University’]], named(C, david miller)#[1, [third, sg, masc],[’David’,’Miller’]]])]",
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    "id": "pgm-format",
    "name": "Netpbm grayscale image format",
    "appeared": 1988,
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    "tags": "textDataFormat",
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    "description": "The PGM format is a lowest common denominator grayscale file format. It is designed to be extremely easy to learn and write programs for. (It's so simple that most people will simply reverse engineer it because it's easier than reading this specification).",
    "githubRepo_description": "The PGM format is a lowest common denominator grayscale file format. It is designed to be extremely easy to learn and write programs for. (It's so simple that most people will simply reverse engineer it because it's easier than reading this specification).",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "The PGM format is a lowest common denominator grayscale file format. It is designed to be extremely easy to learn and write programs for. (It's so simple that most people will simply reverse engineer it because it's easier than reading this specification).",
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    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netpbm_format",
    "example": "P2 # feep.pgm 24 7 15 0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0 0  3  3  3  3  0  0  7  7  7  7  0  0 11 11 11 11  0  0 15 15 15 15  0 0  3  0  0  0  0  0  7  0  0  0  0  0 11  0  0  0  0  0 15  0  0 15  0 0  3  3  3  0  0  0  7  7  7  0  0  0 11 11 11  0  0  0 15 15 15 15  0 0  3  0  0  0  0  0  7  0  0  0  0  0 11  0  0  0  0  0 15  0  0  0  0 0  3  0  0  0  0  0  7  7  7  7  0  0 11 11 11 11  0  0 15  0  0  0  0 0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0",
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    "id": "ppm-format",
    "name": "ppm-format",
    "appeared": 1988,
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    "description": "The PPM format is a lowest common denominator color image file format. It should be noted that this format is egregiously inefficient. It is highly redundant, while containing a lot of information that the human eye can't even discern. Furthermore, the format allows very little information about the image besides basic color, which means you may have to couple a file in this format with other independent information to get any decent use out of it. However, it is very easy to write and analyze programs to process this format, and that is the point.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The PPM format is a lowest common denominator color image file format. It should be noted that this format is egregiously inefficient. It is highly redundant, while containing a lot of information that the human eye can't even discern. Furthermore, the format allows very little information about the image besides basic color, which means you may have to couple a file in this format with other independent information to get any decent use out of it. However, it is very easy to write and analyze programs to process this format, and that is the point.",
    "lab": "https://netpbm.sourceforge.net/index.html#support",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "http://netpbm.sourceforge.net/doc/ppm.html",
    "example": "P3 # feep.ppm 4 4 15  0  0  0    0  0  0    0  0  0   15  0 15  0  0  0    0 15  7    0  0  0    0  0  0  0  0  0    0  0  0    0 15  7    0  0  0 15  0 15    0  0  0    0  0  0    0  0  0",
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    "id": "ruri",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Crystallographic Information File (CIF) is a standard text file format for representing crystallographic information, promulgated by the International Union of Crystallography (IUCr). CIF was developed by the IUCr Working Party on Crystallographic Information in an effort sponsored by the IUCr Commission on Crystallographic Data and the IUCr Commission on Journals. The file format was initially published by Hall, Allen, and Brown and has since been revised, most recently version 1.1. Full specifications for the format are available at the IUCr website. Many computer programs for molecular viewing are compatible with this format, including Jmol.  Closely related is mmCIF, macromolecular CIF, which is intended as an alternative to the Protein Data Bank (PDB) format. Also closely related is Crystallographic Information Framework, a broader system of exchange protocols based on data dictionaries and relational rules expressible in different machine-readable manifestations, including, but not restricted to, Crystallographic Information File and XML.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The term \"information algebra\" refers to mathematical techniques of information processing. Classical information theory goes back to Claude Shannon. It is a theory of information transmission, looking at communication and storage. However, it has not been considered so far that information comes from different sources and that it is therefore usually combined. It has furthermore been neglected in classical information theory that one wants to extract those parts out of a piece of information that are relevant to specific questions. A mathematical phrasing of these operations leads to an algebra of information, describing basic modes of information processing. Such an algebra involves several formalisms of computer science, which seem to be different on the surface: relational databases, multiple systems of formal logic or numerical problems of linear algebra. It allows the development of generic procedures of information processing and thus a unification of basic methods of computer science, in particular of distributed information processing. Information relates to precise questions, comes from different sources, must be aggregated, and can be focused on questions of interest. Starting from these considerations, information algebras (Kohlas 2003) are two-sorted algebras                         (         Φ         ,         D         )                          {\\displaystyle (\\Phi ,D)\\,}   , where                         Φ                          {\\displaystyle \\Phi \\,}    is a semigroup, representing combination or aggregation of information,                         D                          {\\displaystyle D\\,}    is a lattice of domains (related to questions) whose partial order reflects the granularity of the domain or the question, and a mixed operation representing focusing or extraction of information.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "MARK IV is a Fourth-generation programming language that was created by Informatics, Inc.  in the 1960s. Informatics took advantage of IBM's decision to unbundle their software; MARK IV was the first \"software product to have cumulative sales of $10 million\". MARK IV was developed for IBM Systems (360 and 370) and for the RCA Spectra 70. Its main benefit was allowing faster application development on the order of 6 to 10 times faster than doing a system using a 3GL, such as COBOL. MARK IV, being an early 4GL, allowed user development of systems related to business. In a 1971 ad by Informatics, there are several quotes from customers, such as:  We conservatively estimate that the benefits derived from the MARK IV System have completely returned  the cost of our investment in a period of less than 3 months. MARK IV runs ... handle Accounts Receivable, Inventory, Sales Analyses, etc. on about 26 different factories.MARK IV went to Sterling Software in 1985 as part of that company's acquisition of Informatics General.  As VISION:BUILDER it is now part of the product suite from Computer Associates.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Obliq is an interpreted, object-oriented programming language designed to make distributed, and locally multi-threaded, computation simple and easy for the programmer, while providing program safety and implicit type system. The interpreter is written in Modula-3, and provides Obliq with full access to Modula-3's network objects capabilities. A type inference algorithm for record concatenation, subtyping and recursive types has been developed for Obliq, more important it has been proved to be NP-complete  and its lowest complexity to be Ο(n3) or if under other modeling up to certain conditions down to Ο(n2)  and its best known implementation runs in Ο(n5). Obliq's syntax is very similar to Modula-3, the biggest difference being that Obliq has no need of explicit typed variables (i.e., a variable can hold any data type allowed by the type checker and if does not accepts one, i.e., a given expression execution error will be thrown) although explicit type declarations are allowed and ignored by the interpreter. The basic data types in the language include booleans, integers, reals, characters, strings, and arrays. Obliq supports the usual set of sequential control structures (conditional, iteration, and exception handling forms), as well as special control forms for concurrency (mutexes and guarded statements). Besides that Obliq's objects are able to be cloned and safely copied remotely by any machine in a distributed network object and it can be done in a transparent way. Obliq's large standard library provides strong support for mathematical operations, I/O, persistence, thread control, graphics, and animation. Distributed computation is object-based: objects hold a state, which is local to a particular process. Scope of objects and other variables is purely lexical. Objects can call methods of other objects, even if those objects are on another machine on the network. Obliq objects are simply collections of named fields (similar to slots in Self and Smalltalk), and support inheritance by delegation (like Self). The common uses of Obliq involve programming over networks, 3D animation, and distributed computation over Ethernet LAN as. Obliq is included free with the DEC Modula-3 distribution, but other free versions exist elsewhere including pre-compiled binaries for several operating systems.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Schematron is a rule-based validation language for making assertions about the presence or absence of patterns in XML trees.  It is a structural schema language expressed in XML using a small number of elements and XPath. In a typical implementation, the Schematron schema XML is processed into normal XSLT code for deployment anywhere that XSLT can be used. Schematron is capable of expressing constraints in ways that other XML schema languages like XML Schema and DTD cannot. For example, it can require that the content of an element be controlled by one of its siblings. Or it can request or require that the root element, regardless of what element that is, must have specific attributes. Schematron can also specify required relationships between multiple XML files. Constraints and content rules may be associated with \"plain-English\" validation error messages, allowing translation of numeric Schematron error codes into meaningful user error messages. The current ISO recommendation is Information technology, Document Schema Definition Languages (DSDL), Part 3: Rule-based validation, Schematron (ISO/IEC 19757-3:2016).",
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    "id": "gamerlanguage",
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    "creators": "Dilan Nair",
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    "name": "Recursive teXt",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "MUSIC/SP (Multi-User System for Interactive Computing/System Product; originally \"McGill University System for Interactive Computing\") was developed at McGill University in the 1970s from an early IBM time-sharing system called RAX (Remote Access Computing System). The system ran on IBM  S/360,  S/370, and  4300-series  mainframe hardware, and offered novel features (for the time) such as file access control and data compression. It was designed to allow academics and students to create and run their programs interactively on  terminals, in an era when most mainframe computing was still being done from punched cards.  Over the years, development continued and the system evolved to embrace email, the Internet and eventually the World Wide Web. At its peak in the late 1980s, there were over 250  universities, colleges and  high school districts that used the system in North and South America, Europe and Asia.",
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    "country": "Unknown",
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    "description": "Geomview is an interactive 3D viewing program. Geomview lets you view and manipulate three-dimensional objects: you use the mouse to rotate, translate, zoom in and out, and so on. Geomview can be used as a standalone viewer for static objects, or as a display engine for other programs which produce dynamically changing geometry. Geomview can display objects described in a variety of file formats. Geomview comes with a wide selection of example objects, and you can create your own objects too.",
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    "id": "bbj",
    "name": "BBj",
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    "website": "https://www.basis.com/bbj",
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    "id": "amprnet",
    "name": "AMPRNet",
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    "creators": "Phil Karn and Brian Kantor",
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    "aka": "Network 44",
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    "id": "begriffsschrift",
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    "description": "A formula language, modeled on that of arithmetic, for pure thought.",
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    "example": "⊢ (a → b) → (¬b → ¬a) # Represents the logical implication: if a implies b, then not b implies not a.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Disciplined agile delivery (DAD) is the software development portion of the Disciplined Agile Toolkit. DAD enables teams to make simplified process decisions around incremental and iterative solution delivery. DAD builds on the many practices espoused by advocates of agile software development, including scrum, agile modeling, lean software development, and others.",
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    "id": "dendral",
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    "description": "Considered the first expert system because it automated the decision-making process and problem-solving behavior of organic chemists",
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    "id": "fcl",
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    "standsFor": "Flow chart language",
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    "id": "nrl",
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    "id": "wescheme",
    "name": "wescheme",
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    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "example": ";; The world is a number ;; tick: world -> world (define (tick world)  (add1 world)) (big-bang 0          (on-tick tick 2)) ;; tick every two seconds",
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    "id": "xoc-compiler",
    "name": "Xoc",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "creators": "Russ Cox and Tom Bergan† and Austin T. Clements and Frans Kaashoek and Eddie Kohler",
    "measurements": 11,
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    "website": "https://pdos.csail.mit.edu/archive/xoc/",
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    "description": "Today’s system programmers go to great lengths to extend the languages in which they program. For instance, system-specific compilers find errors in Linux and other systems, and add support for specialized control flow to Qt and event-based programs. These compilers are difficult to build and cannot always understand each other’s language changes. However, they can greatly improve code understandability and correctness, advantages that should be accessible to all programmers. We describe an extension-oriented compiler for C called xoc. An extension-oriented compiler, unlike a conventional extensible compiler, implements new features via many small extensions that are loaded together as needed. Xoc gives extension writers full control over program syntax and semantics while hiding many compiler internals. Xoc programmers concisely define powerful compiler extensions that, by construction, can be combined; even some parts of the base compiler, such as GNU C compatibility, are structured as extensions.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Today’s system programmers go to great lengths to extend the languages in which they program. For instance, system-specific compilers find errors in Linux and other systems, and add support for specialized control flow to Qt and event-based programs. These compilers are difficult to build and cannot always understand each other’s language changes. However, they can greatly improve code understandability and correctness, advantages that should be accessible to all programmers. We describe an extension-oriented compiler for C called xoc. An extension-oriented compiler, unlike a conventional extensible compiler, implements new features via many small extensions that are loaded together as needed. Xoc gives extension writers full control over program syntax and semantics while hiding many compiler internals. Xoc programmers concisely define powerful compiler extensions that, by construction, can be combined; even some parts of the base compiler, such as GNU C compatibility, are structured as extensions.",
    "lab": "MIT && UCLA",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Today’s system programmers go to great lengths to extend the languages in which they program. For instance, system-specific compilers find errors in Linux and other systems, and add support for specialized control flow to Qt and event-based programs. These compilers are difficult to build and cannot always understand each other’s language changes. However, they can greatly improve code understandability and correctness, advantages that should be accessible to all programmers. We describe an extension-oriented compiler for C called xoc. An extension-oriented compiler, unlike a conventional extensible compiler, implements new features via many small extensions that are loaded together as needed. Xoc gives extension writers full control over program syntax and semantics while hiding many compiler internals. Xoc programmers concisely define powerful compiler extensions that, by construction, can be combined; even some parts of the base compiler, such as GNU C compatibility, are structured as extensions.",
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    "name": "WebP",
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    "measurements": 7,
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    "rank": 2629,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": false,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "WebP is an image format employing both lossy and lossless compression. It is currently developed by Google, based on technology acquired with the purchase of On2 Technologies.As a derivative of the VP8 video format, it is a sister project to the WebM multimedia container format. WebP-related software is released under a BSD license.The format was first announced on 30 September 2010 as a new open standard for lossy compressed true-color graphics on the web, producing smaller files of comparable image quality to the older JPEG scheme. On October 3, 2011 Google announced WebP support for animation, ICC profile, XMP metadata, and tiling (compositing very large images from maximum 16384×16384 tiles).On 18 November 2011 Google began to experiment with lossless compression and support for transparency (alpha channel) in both lossless and lossy modes; support has been enabled by default in libwebp 0.2.0 (16 August 2012). According to Google's measurements, a conversion from PNG to WebP results in a 45% reduction in file size when starting with PNGs found on the web, and a 28% reduction compared to PNGs that are recompressed with pngcrush and PNGOUT.",
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    "description": "WebP is a modern image format that provides superior lossless and lossy compression for images on the web. Using WebP, webmasters and web developers can create smaller, richer images that make the web faster. WebP lossless images are 26% smaller in size compared to PNGs. WebP lossy images are 25-34% smaller than comparable JPEG images at equivalent SSIM quality index.",
    "githubRepo_description": "WebP is a modern image format that provides superior lossless and lossy compression for images on the web. Using WebP, webmasters and web developers can create smaller, richer images that make the web faster. WebP lossless images are 26% smaller in size compared to PNGs. WebP lossy images are 25-34% smaller than comparable JPEG images at equivalent SSIM quality index.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "ABSET was an early declarative programming language from the University of Aberdeen.",
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    "id": "cowsel",
    "name": "COWSEL",
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    "measurements": 9,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "COWSEL (COntrolled Working SpacE Language) is a programming language designed between 1964 and 1966 by Robin Popplestone. It was based on an RPN form of Lisp combined with some ideas from CPL. COWSEL was initially implemented on a Ferranti Pegasus computer at the University of Leeds and on a Stantec Zebra at the Bradford Institute of Technology; later, Rod Burstall implemented it on an Elliot 4120 at the University of Edinburgh. COWSEL was renamed POP-1 during the summer of 1966 and development continued under that name from then on.",
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    "id": "janus-programming-language",
    "name": "Janus",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "creators": "Ken Kahn",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2632,
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    "wikipedia_related": "janus-programming-language janus-lang",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Janus is the two-faced Roman god of gates, doors, doorways, beginnings, and endings. Janus may also refer to:",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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    "lab": "Xerox PARC",
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/janus",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janus_(concurrent_constraint_programming_language)",
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    "id": "kaleidoscope",
    "name": "Kaleidoscope",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2633,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Kaleidoscope programming language is a constraint programming language embedding constraints into an imperative object-oriented language.  It adds keywords always, once, and assert..during (formerly while..assert) to make statements about relational invariants. Objects have constraint constructors, which are not methods, to enforce the meanings of user-defined datatypes. There are three versions of Kaleidoscope which show an evolution from declarative to an increasingly imperative style. Differences between them are as follows.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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    "id": "lisp-2",
    "name": "LISP 2",
    "appeared": 1963,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2634,
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    "wikipedia_related": "lisp algol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "For Lisp-2, Lisp systems with separate function namespaces, see Lisp-1 vs. Lisp-2LISP 2 was a programming language proposed in the 1960s as the successor to Lisp. It had largely Lisp-like semantics and Algol 60-like syntax. Today it is mostly remembered for its syntax, but in fact it had many features beyond those of early Lisps. Early Lisps had many limitations, including limited data types and slow numerics. Its use of fully parenthesized notation was also considered a problem. The inventor of Lisp, John McCarthy, expected these issues to be addressed in a later version, called notionally Lisp 2. Hence the name Lisp 1.5 for the successor to the earliest Lisp.Lisp 2 was a joint project of the System Development Corporation and Information International, Inc., and was intended for  the IBM built AN/FSQ-32 military computer. Development later shifted to the IBM 360/67 and the DEC PDP-6. The project was eventually abandoned.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "palcode",
    "name": "PALcode",
    "appeared": 1996,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "isa",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2635,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1996,
    "wikipedia_related": "freebsd linux",
    "wikipedia_summary": "In computing, in the Alpha instruction set architecture, PALcode (Privileged Architecture Library code) is the name used by DEC for a set of functions in the SRM or AlphaBIOS firmware, providing a hardware abstraction layer for system software, covering features such as cache management, translation lookaside buffer (TLB) miss handling, interrupt handling and exception handling. PALcode is Alpha machine code, running in a special mode that also allows access to internal registers specific to the particular Alpha processor implementation. It is thus somewhere between the role of microcode and of a hardware emulator. PALcode is operating system-specific; different versions of PALcode are required by OpenVMS, Tru64 UNIX, and Windows NT. Tru64 UNIX PALcode is also used by NetBSD, FreeBSD, OpenBSD and Linux.",
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    "fileType": "na",
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "http://www.science.unitn.it/~fiorella/guidelinux/tlk/node140.html",
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    "id": "windows-registry-entries",
    "name": "Windows Registry Entries",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "application",
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    "rank": 2636,
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    "isLanguage": false,
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    "primaryTag": "application",
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    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "ini",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "properties",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-properties",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.reg",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "isFinished": false,
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    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Registry",
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    "id": "pop-protocol",
    "name": "Post Office Protocol",
    "appeared": 1957,
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    "tags": "protocol",
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    "primaryTag": "protocol",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1957,
    "wikipedia_summary": "In computing, the Post Office Protocol (POP) is an application-layer Internet standard protocol used by e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a mail server.POP version 3 (POP3) is the version in common use.",
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    "lab": "USC",
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    "id": "infiniband-standard",
    "name": "InfiniBand",
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    "lab": "InfiniBand Trade Association",
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    "id": "razor",
    "name": "Razor",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "flapjax",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Flapjax is a programming language built on JavaScript. It provides a spreadsheet-like reactive programming, dataflow computing style, termed functional reactive programming, making it easy to create reactive web pages without the burden of callbacks and potentially inconsistent mutation. Flapjax can be viewed in two ways: either as a library, for use in regular JavaScript programs, or as a new language that the compiler converts into generic JavaScript. In either case, the resulting programs can be run in a regular web browser. Flapjax comes with persistent storage and a simple application programming interface (API) that masks the complexity of using Ajax, and sharing and access control (AC) for server data.It is free and open-source software released under a 3-clause BSD license. The Flapjax compiler is written in the language Haskell.",
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    "id": "lax",
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    "name": "CFScript",
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    "measurements": 9,
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    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_related": "cfml javascript html",
    "wikipedia_summary": "CFScript is an extension of CFML on the ColdFusion platform. CFScript resembles JavaScript. Some ColdFusion developers prefer it since it has less visual and typographical overhead than ordinary CFML.",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFScript",
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    "id": "d4-programming-language",
    "name": "D4",
    "appeared": 2001,
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    "rank": 2643,
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    "wikipedia_related": "csharp sql pascal xml",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Dataphor is an open-source truly-relational database management system (RDBMS) and its accompanying user interface technologies, which together are designed to provide highly declarative software application development.  The Dataphor Server has its own storage engine or it can be a virtual, or federated, DBMS, meaning that it can utilize other database engines for storage. Dataphor has been praised for its adherence to relational principles, more closely so than any SQL product.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
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    "country": "Unknown",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D4_%28programming_language%29",
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    "id": "ial",
    "name": "IAL",
    "appeared": 1958,
    "measurements": 9,
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    "rank": 2644,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1990,
    "wikipedia_summary": "IAL may refer to:  Intel Architecture Labs, a research arm of Intel Corporation during the 1990s International Algebraic Language or ALGOL 58 International auxiliary language, a language for communication between people who do not share a native language",
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    "id": "o-matrix",
    "name": "O-Matrix",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2645,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_related": "matlab",
    "wikipedia_summary": "O-Matrix is a matrix programming language for mathematics, engineering, science, and financial analysis, marketed by Harmonic Software.   The language is designed for use in high-performance computing. O-Matrix provides an integrated development environment  and a matrix-based scripting language. The environment includes mathematical, statistical, engineering and visualization functions. The set of analysis functions is designed for development of complex, computationally intensive scientific, mathematical and engineering applications. The integrated environment provides a mode that is largely compatible with version 4 of the MATLAB language in the commercial product from MathWorks. Certain features of MATLAB, such as non-numeric data types (structures, cell arrays and objects), error handling with try/catch, and nested and anonymous functions, are missing in O-Matrix. The O-Matrix environment includes a virtual machine of the O-Matrix language to enable re-distribution of applications.",
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    "description": "O-Matrix is a matrix programming language for mathematics, engineering, science, and financial analysis, marketed by Harmonic Software. The language is designed for use in high-performance computing.",
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    "id": "spice-lisp",
    "name": "Spice Lisp",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "creators": "Scott Fahlman",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2646,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Spice Lisp is a Lisp dialect and its implementation originally written by CMU's Spice Lisp Group which targeted the microcode of the 16-bit PERQ workstation and its Accent operating system; it used that workstation's microcode abilities (it provided microcodes for Pascal, C, and Ada besides) to implement a stack architecture to store its data structures as 32-bit objects and to enable runtime type-checking. It would later be popular on other workstations. Spice Lisp evolved into CMUCL, a Common Lisp implementation.",
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    "lab": "Carnegie Mellon",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "zlang",
    "name": "zlang",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v1.0.0",
    "rank": 2647,
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    "pldbScore": 19903,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/Xiaofei-it/Zlang",
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    "githubRepo_subscribers": 5,
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    "description": "A flexible dynamically-typed programming language running on the JVM and supporting access to Java objects and interaction with Java at runtime.",
    "githubRepo_description": "A flexible dynamically-typed programming language running on the JVM and supporting access to Java objects and interaction with Java at runtime.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "A flexible dynamically-typed programming language running on the JVM and supporting access to Java objects and interaction with Java at runtime.",
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    "latestMajorVersion": 1,
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    "id": "odbc",
    "name": "Open Database Connectivity",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2648,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19894,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "In computing, Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) is a standard application programming interface (API) for accessing database management systems (DBMS). The designers of ODBC aimed to make it independent of database systems and operating systems. An application written using ODBC can be ported to other platforms, both on the client and server side, with few changes to the data access code. ODBC accomplishes DBMS independence by using an ODBC driver as a translation layer between the application and the DBMS. The application uses ODBC functions through an ODBC driver manager with which it is linked, and the driver passes the query to the DBMS. An ODBC driver can be thought of as analogous to a printer driver or other driver, providing a standard set of functions for the application to use, and implementing DBMS-specific functionality. An application that can use ODBC is referred to as \"ODBC-compliant\". Any ODBC-compliant application can access any DBMS for which a driver is installed.  Drivers exist for all major DBMSs, many other data sources like address book systems and Microsoft Excel, and even for text or comma-separated values (CSV) files. ODBC was originally developed by Microsoft and Simba Technologies during the early 1990s, and became the basis for the Call Level Interface (CLI) standardized by SQL Access Group in the Unix and mainframe field. ODBC retained several features that were removed as part of the CLI effort. Full ODBC was later ported back to those platforms, and became a de facto standard considerably better known than CLI. The CLI remains similar to ODBC, and applications can be ported from one platform to the other with few changes.",
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    "lab": "Microsoft && Simba Technologies Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2030,
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    "country": "United States and Canada",
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    "id": "hp-gl",
    "name": "HP-GL",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2649,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19892,
    "hoplId": 2094,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1990,
    "wikipedia_related": "ascii basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "HP-GL, short for Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language and often written as HPGL, is a printer control language created by Hewlett-Packard (HP). HP-GL was the primary printer control language used by HP plotters. It later became a standard for almost all plotters. Hewlett-Packard's printers also usually support HP-GL/2 in addition to PCL.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
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    "lab": "Hewlett-Packard",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP-GL",
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    "id": "sibelius-software",
    "name": "Sibelius",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2650,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_related": "assembly-language musicxml qt powerpc",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Sibelius is a scorewriter program developed and released by Sibelius Software Limited (now part of Avid Technology).  It is the world's largest selling music notation program.  Beyond creating, editing and printing music scores, Sibelius can also play the music back using sampled or synthesised sounds.  It produces printed scores, and can also publish them via the Internet for others to access. Less advanced versions of Sibelius at lower prices have been released, as have various add-ons for the software. Named after the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius, the company was founded in April 1993 by twin brothers Ben and Jonathan Finn to market the eponymous music notation program they had created. It went on to develop and distribute various other music software products, particularly for education. In addition to its head office in Cambridge and subsequently London, Sibelius Software opened offices in the US, Australia and Japan, with distributors and dealers in many other countries worldwide.   The company won numerous awards, including the Queen's Award for Innovation in 2005. In August 2006 the company was acquired by Avid, to become part of its Digidesign division, which also manufactures the leading digital audio workstation Pro Tools.  In July 2012, Avid announced plans to divest its consumer businesses, closed the Sibelius London office, and removed the original development team, despite extensive protests on Facebook and elsewhere. Avid subsequently recruited some new programmers to continue development of Sibelius.",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 35,
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    "lab": "Sibelius Software Limited",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 195,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibelius_(software)",
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    "id": "cam",
    "name": "Content Assembly Mechanism",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2651,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19870,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "xmlFormat",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2002,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Content Assembly Mechanism (CAM) is an XML-based standard for creating and managing information exchanges that are interoperable and deterministic descriptions of machine-processable information content flows into and out of XML structures. CAM is a product of the OASIS Content Assembly Technical Committee. The CAM approach aligns with the National Information Exchange Model (NIEM) approach and assists with producing Information Exchange Package Documentation (IEPD). The camprocessor tools enable creation of realistic XML examples from XSD schema structure definitions. These XML samples simulate test cases for use in interoperability testing and determination of templates for use in actual business information exchanges. The single most important problem that CAM is solving is simpler and more reliable interoperability for business information exchanges. Today's electronic commerce via the internet is extremely limited in the amount of automation or integration that is occurring. The ability to share accurate concise and verifiable information exchange definitions is a critical next step in enabling easier and cheaper global commerce. CAM is emerging as the definitive standard underlying effective management of information exchanges through the critical mass being generated by the open source solution.A broad range of OASIS standard definitions are now being documented, validated and enhanced using the CAM open source toolset and approach. To date these include EDXL, CIQ, and EML. CAM use is also extending to external industry groups such as PESC, MISMO, STAR Automotive, CAQH and then for government uses including stratML, LEXS and NIEM. Each group faces the same challenges in promoting localizations of their overall standards in ways that can be quickly verified and adopted. Using CAM they are able to take their existing XSD schema work and rapidly develop localization templates, XML test cases, new subset schemas for use with web services and create re-usable want lists and content hints. In addition CAM templates are used to build domain dictionaries directly from the XSD schema definitions and then produce cross-reference spreadsheets for individual templates to the master dictionary definitions. All these capabilities are aimed at improving the quality and speed of implementation and interoperability using business information exchanges based on XML.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 33,
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    "lab": "OASIS Content Assembly Technical Committee",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 185,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_Assembly_Mechanism",
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    "id": "zip-format",
    "name": "Zip file format",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "binaryDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2652,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19869,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "sqlar-format",
    "primaryTag": "binaryDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1989,
    "wikipedia_summary": "ZIP is an archive file format that supports lossless data compression. A ZIP file may contain one or more files or directories that may have been compressed. The ZIP file format permits a number of compression algorithms, though DEFLATE is the most common. This format was originally created in 1989 and was first implemented in PKWARE, Inc.'s PKZIP utility, as a replacement for the previous ARC compression format by Thom Henderson. The ZIP format was then quickly supported by many software utilities other than PKZIP. Microsoft has included built-in ZIP support (under the name \"compressed folders\") in versions of Microsoft Windows since 1998. Apple has included built-in ZIP support in Mac OS X 10.3 (via BOMArchiveHelper, now Archive Utility) and later. Most free operating systems have built in support for ZIP in similar manners to Windows and Mac OS X. ZIP files generally use the file extensions .zip or .ZIP and the MIME media type application/zip. ZIP is used as a base file format by many programs, usually under a different name. When navigating a file system via a user interface, graphical icons representing ZIP files often appear as a document or other object prominently featuring a zipper.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 906,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 325,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 188488,
    "fileExtensions": "zip",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 4550,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zip_(file_format)",
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    "id": "yakou-lang",
    "name": "Yakou Lang",
    "appeared": 2021,
    "creators": "KyleLin921021",
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "0.0.1",
    "rank": 2653,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 5,
    "pldbScore": 19863,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/CASC-Lang/CASC",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2021,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2021,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 2,
    "githubRepo_forks": 2,
    "githubRepo_stars": 38,
    "githubRepo_issues": 9,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2021,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2023,
    "repoStats_commits": 794,
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    "repoStats_files": 64,
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    "writtenIn": "kotlin gradle markdown bourne-shell yaml",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 51,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "id": "pdp-11-machine",
    "name": "PDP-11",
    "appeared": 1970,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "computingMachine",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2654,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19862,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "computingMachine",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1975,
    "wikipedia_summary": "The PDP-11 is a series of 16-bit minicomputers sold by DEC (DEC) from 1970 into the 1990s, one of a succession of products in the PDP series. In total, around 600,000 PDP-11s of all models were sold, making it one of DEC's most successful product lines. The PDP-11 is considered by some experts to be the most popular minicomputer ever. The PDP-11 included a number of innovative features in its instruction set and additional general-purpose registers that made it much easier to program than earlier models in the series. Additionally, the innovative Unibus system allowed external devices to be easily interfaced to the system using direct memory access, opening the system to a wide variety of peripherals.  The PDP-11 replaced the PDP-8 in many real-time applications, although both product lines lived in parallel for more than 10 years.  The ease of programming of the PDP-11 made it very popular for general purpose computing uses as well. The design of the PDP-11 inspired the design of late-1970s microprocessors including the Intel x86 and the Motorola 68000. Design features of PDP-11 operating systems, as well as other operating systems from Digital Equipment, influenced the design of other operating systems such as CP/M and hence also MS-DOS. The first officially named version of Unix ran on the PDP-11/20 in 1970. It is commonly stated that the C programming language took advantage of several low-level PDP-11–dependent programming features, albeit not originally by design.An effort to expand the PDP-11 from 16 to 32-bit addressing led to the VAX-11 design, which took part of its name from the PDP-11.",
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    "lab": "DEC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1825,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDP-11",
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    "id": "datatrieve",
    "name": "DATATRIEVE",
    "appeared": 1970,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2655,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19852,
    "hoplId": 5188,
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    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1970,
    "wikipedia_summary": "DATATRIEVE is a database query and report writer tool from Hewlett-Packard. It runs on the OpenVMS operating system, as well as several PDP-11 operating systems.  DATATRIEVE's command structure is nearly plain English, and it is an early example of a Fourth Generation Language (4GL). It works against flat files, indexed files, and databases. Such data files are delimited using record definitions stored in the Common Data Dictionary (CDD), or in RMS files. DATATRIEVE is used at many OpenVMS installations. DATATRIEVE was developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s by a team of software engineers at DEC's Central Commercial Engineering facilities in Merrimack and Nashua, New Hampshire, under database architect Jim Starkey. Many of the project's engineers went on to highly visible careers in database management and other software disciplines. DATATRIEVE adopted the wombat as its notional mascot; the program's help file responded to “HELP WOMBAT” with factual information about real world wombats.",
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    "lab": "DEC",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DATATRIEVE",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Kernel Language 0 (KL0) is a sequential logic programming language based on Prolog, used in the ICOT Fifth generation computer project.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Laning and Zierler system (sometimes called \"George\" by its users) was one of the first operating algebraic compilers, that is, a system capable of accepting mathematical formulae in algebraic notation and producing equivalent machine code (the term compiler had not yet been invented and the system was referred to as \"an interpretive program\"). It was implemented in 1952 for the MIT WHIRLWIND by J. Halcombe Laning and Neal Zierler. It is preceded by the UNIVAC A-2, IBM Speedcoding and a number of systems that were proposed but never implemented.",
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    "id": "lyapas",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Logical Language for the Representation of Synthesis Algorithms (LYaPAS, Russian: ЛЯПАС) is a programming language created in the Soviet Union in 1964, by Arkady D.Zakrevskij of the Laboratory of System Programming and Logical Synthesis, of the Academy of Sciences of the Byelorussian SSR, since renamed the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.LYaPAS is an extension to the programming language APL, and was initially designed especially for non-numeric programming for the Soviet designed and built line of mainframe computers named Ural-1. An interesting feature of LYaPAS is its use of octal numbers. A further refinement of LYaPAS is LYaPAS-M.",
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    "id": "metacomco",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "MetaComCo (MCC) was a computer systems software company started in 1981 and based in Bristol, England by Peter Mackeonis and Derek Budge. A division of Tenchstar, Ltd. MetaComCo's first product was an MBASIC compatible interpreter for IBM PCs, which was licensed by Peter Mackeonis to Digital Research in 1982, and issued as the Digital Research Personal Basic, or PBASIC, running under CP/M. Other computer languages followed, also licensed by Digital Research and MetaComCo established an office in Pacific Grove, California, to service their United States customers. In 1984 Dr. Tim King joined the company, bringing with him a version of the operating system TRIPOS for the Motorola 68000 processor which he had previously worked on whilst a researcher at the University of Cambridge. This operating system was used as the basis of AmigaDOS (file-related functions of AmigaOS); MetaComCo won the contract from Commodore because the original planned Amiga disk operating system called Commodore Amiga Operating System (CAOS) was behind schedule; timescales were incredibly tight and TRIPOS provided a head start for a replacement system. MetaComCo also developed ABasiC for the Amiga which was initially provided with Amigas. Much to Commodore's annoyance MetaComCo also worked with Atari to produce the BASIC that was initially provided with the Atari ST — ST BASIC. The company also sold the Lattice C compiler for the Sinclair QL and the Atari ST and range of other languages  (e.g. Pascal, BCPL) for m68k-based computers. MetaComCo also represented LISP and REDUCE software from the RAND Corporation. Several of the team at MetaComCo went on to found Perihelion Software. Mackeonis founded Triangle Publishing, the software publishing company responsible for creating the ST Organizer for the Atari ST and PC Organizer and Counterpoint (a GUI system) for Amstrad Computers and GoldStar computers.",
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    "id": "objectlogo",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "ObjectLOGO is a variant of the programming language Logo with object-oriented programming extensions and lexical scoping. Version 2.7 is sold by Digitool, Inc.  It is no longer being developed or supported, and does not run on versions of the Mac operating system after version 7.5.",
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    "id": "pl-11",
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    "wikipedia_related": "pl360",
    "wikipedia_summary": "PL-11 is a high-level machine-oriented programming language for the PDP-11, developed by R.D. Russell of CERN in 1971. Written in Fortran IV, it is similar to PL360 and is cross-compiled on other machines. PL-11 was originally developed as part of the Omega project, a particle physics facility operational at CERN (Geneva, Switzerland) during the 1970s. The first version was written for the CII 10070, a clone of the XDS Sigma 7 built in France. Towards the end of the 1970s it was ported to the IBM 370/168, then part of CERN's computer centre. A report describing the language is available from CERN.",
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    "id": "qute",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Qute is a Japanese video game company created in 1999. Apart from game development, they offer technology consultancy in other areas such as health care or graphic design.",
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    "id": "zopl",
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    "id": "displayport-standard",
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    "id": "short-code-computer-language",
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    "appeared": 1949,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Short Code was one of the first higher-level languages ever developed for an electronic computer. Unlike machine code, Short Code statements represented mathematic expressions rather than a machine instruction. Also known as an automatic programming, the source code was not compiled but executed through an interpreter to simplify the programming process; the execution time was much slower though.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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    "lab": "University of Pennsylvania",
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    "id": "unix",
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    "id": "pipefish",
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    "githubRepo_created": 2022,
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    "writtenIn": "go markdown json",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 166,
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    "id": "i-expressions",
    "name": "I-expressions",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "creators": "Egil Möller",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "dataNotation",
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    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "description": "This SRFI descibes a new syntax for Scheme, called I-expressions, whith equal descriptive power as S-expressions. The syntax uses indentation to group expressions, and has no special cases for semantic constructs of the language. It can be used both for program and data input.",
    "githubRepo_description": "This SRFI descibes a new syntax for Scheme, called I-expressions, whith equal descriptive power as S-expressions. The syntax uses indentation to group expressions, and has no special cases for semantic constructs of the language. It can be used both for program and data input.",
    "lab": "https://srfi.schemers.org",
    "rijuRepl_description": "This SRFI descibes a new syntax for Scheme, called I-expressions, whith equal descriptive power as S-expressions. The syntax uses indentation to group expressions, and has no special cases for semantic constructs of the language. It can be used both for program and data input.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "Sweden",
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  {
    "id": "kermeta",
    "name": "Kermeta",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.kermeta.org/index_k1_k2.html",
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    "country": "France",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kermeta",
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  {
    "id": "energese-notation",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Energy Systems Language, also referred to as Energese, Energy Circuit Language, or Generic Systems Symbols, was developed by the ecologist Howard T. Odum and colleagues in the 1950s during studies of the tropical forests funded by the United States Atomic Energy Commission. They are used to compose energy flow diagrams in the field of systems ecology.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 28,
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  {
    "id": "flowcode",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2018,
    "wikipedia_related": "pic-microcontroller atmel-avr arduino c blockly",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Flowcode is a Microsoft Windows-based development environment commercially produced by Matrix TSL for programming embedded devices based on PIC, AVR (including Arduino) and ARM technologies using graphical programming styles (such as flowcharts) and imperative programming styles (through C and Pseudocode). It is currently in its eighth revision. Flowcode is dedicated to simplifying complex functionality such as Bluetooth, Mobile Phones Communications, USB communications etc. by using pre-developed dedicated component libraries of functions. This is achieved by dragging virtual representations of hardware onto a visual panel, providing access to associated libraries. Flowcode is therefore ideal for speeding up software development times and allowing those with little programming experience to get started and help with projects. This makes it appropriate for the formal teaching of principles of programming microcontrollers .. Flowcode allows the user to develop and view their program using four different visual modes. These are the Flowchart view, the Blocks view (a graphical programming paradigm inspired by Blockly), the C code view and the Pseudocode view. Flowcode also has compatibility with Solidworks.There is a large and helpful online community based at the Matrix user forums. There is also a dedicated Wiki.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2013,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 28,
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    "lab": "Matrix Technology Solutions Ltd",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 160,
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    "country": "United Kingdom",
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  {
    "id": "gtf-format",
    "name": "Gene transfer format",
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Defining IBTWSH in DDML is left as an             exercise to the reader.            ;       -->     </Model>     <AttGroup>       <AttDef Name=\"xmlns\" Required=\"Yes\" AttValue=\"\"/>     </AttGroup>   </ElementDecl>    <ElementDecl Name=\"More\" prefix=\"DDML\">     <Model>       <Any/>     </Model>     <AttGroup>       <AttDef Name=\"xmlns\" AttValue=\"\"/>     </AttGroup>   </ElementDecl>  </DocumentDef>",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document_Definition_Markup_Language",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "extensible-embeddable-language",
    "name": "Extensible Embeddable Language",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "creators": "David Olofson",
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2699,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19804,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2005,
    "wikipedia_related": "lua c pascal",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Extensible Embeddable Language (EEL) is a scripting and programming language in development by David Olofson. EEL is intended for scripting in realtime systems with cycle rates in the kHz range, such as musical synthesizers and industrial control systems, but also aspires to be usable as a platform independent general purpose programming language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 13,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 30,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 6848938,
    "lab": "https://github.com/olofson",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "Sweden",
    "wikipedia_example": "export function main<args> {     print(\"Recursion test 1:\\n\");          procedure recurse(arg)     {         print(\"arg = \", arg, \"\\n\");         if arg              recurse(arg - 1);     }          recurse(10);          print(\"Recursion test 2; Mutual Recursion:\\n\");          procedure mrecurse2(arg);          procedure mrecurse1(arg)     {          print(\"arg = \", arg, \"\\n\");          if arg               mrecurse2(arg);     }          procedure mrecurse2(arg)     {          mrecurse1(arg - 1);     };          mrecurse1(10);          print(\"Recursion test 2; Mutual Recursion with Function Reference:\\n\");          procedure mrrecurse1(arg, fn)     {          print(\"arg = \", arg, \"\\n\");          if arg               fn(arg, fn);     }          local mrr2 = procedure (arg, fn)     {          mrrecurse1(arg - 1, fn);     };          mrrecurse1(10, mrr2);          print(Recursion tests done.\\n);     return 0; }",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extensible_Embeddable_Language",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "fx-87",
    "name": "FX-87",
    "appeared": 1987,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2700,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19804,
    "hoplId": 2653,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1988,
    "wikipedia_related": "fibonacci",
    "wikipedia_summary": "FX-87 is a polymorphic typed functional language based on a system for static program analysis in which every expression has two static properties: a type and an effect. In a study done by MIT, FX-87 yields similar performance results as functional languages on programs that do not contain side effects (Fibonacci, Factorial). FX-87 did yield a great performance increase when matching DNA sequences.KFX is the kernel language of FX-87. It was described in 'Polymorphic Effect Systems', J.M. Lucassen et al., Proceedings of the 15th Annual ACM Conference POPL, ACM 1988, pp. 47–57.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 5,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 30,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 17139,
    "lab": "MIT",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FX-87",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "kid",
    "name": "Kid templating language",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "template",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2701,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19804,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "template",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_related": "xml python template-attribute-language php genshi",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Kid is a simple template engine for XML-based vocabularies written in Python. Kid claims to have many of the best features of XSLT, TAL, and PHP, but \"with much of the limitations and complexity stamped out\". Kid initially acted as the View component of the TurboGears framework in the framework's version 1.x implementation; however, the TurboGears project team has since replaced it with Genshi, citing perceived performance advantages.Kid is used by the Fedora Project in the repoview utility  which creates a set of static HTML pages within a YUM repository.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 11,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 46,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3738821,
    "lab": "https://sourceforge.net/projects/kid-template/lists/kid-template-discuss",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 3435,
    "country": "Germany and United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "<html xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\"       xmlns:py=\"http://purl.org/kid/ns#\">   <head>     <title py:content=\"title\">title goes here</title>   </head>   <body>     <ul>       <li py:for=\"item in mylist\" py:content=\"item\">item goes here</li>     </ul>   </body> </html>",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kid_(templating_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "lithe",
    "name": "Lithe",
    "appeared": 1982,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2702,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19804,
    "hoplId": 998,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1982,
    "wikipedia_related": "smalltalk",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Lithe is an experimental programming language created in 1982 by David Sandberg at the University of Washington which allows the programmer to freely choose their own syntax. Lithe combines the ideas of syntax-directed translation and classes in a novel manner that results in a remarkably simple yet powerful language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 5,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 17,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 908572,
    "lab": "University of Washington",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "rule \"|\" <i:int> \"|\" return int;   {if i<0 then return -i else return i end}",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithe_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=998"
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  {
    "id": "m2001",
    "name": "M2001",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2703,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19804,
    "hoplId": 7622,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_related": "pascal modula-2",
    "wikipedia_summary": "M2001 is a modular educational mathematical programming language for developing and presenting mathematical algorithms, from the modern discrete to the classical continuous mathematics. M2001 is built on a semantic framework that is based in category theory and has a syntax similar to that of Pascal or Modula-2. It is designed purely for pedagogic use, so efficiency and ease of implementation have been far less important in its development than generality and range of application. It was created to play an important role in forming a formal algorithmic foundation for first-year college math students.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 11,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 16,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 941103,
    "lab": "Trinity University",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "matrix polynomial rationomial                    stack queue list   powerseries series sequence                      tree graph digraph   MATHEMATICAL CLASSES                      ABSTRACT CLASSES             |                                               |             |                                               |             |                                               |             +-------------------------+---------------------+                                       |                                       |                                       |                 product sum set string exponential subdomain                             STRUCTURED TYPES                                       |                                       |                                       |        boolean character natural integer rational real complex text                            COMPUTATIONAL TYPES",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M2001",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=7622"
  },
  {
    "id": "macroml",
    "name": "MacroML",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2704,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19804,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_related": "scheme",
    "wikipedia_summary": "MacroML is an experimental programming language based on the ML programming language family that seeks to reconcile ML's static typing systems, and the types of macro systems more commonly found in dynamically typed languages like Scheme; this reconciliation is difficult as macro transformations are typically Turing-complete and so can break the type safety guarantees static typing is supposed to provide.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 5,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 18,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 2525770,
    "paper": "https://www.cs.indiana.edu/~sabry/papers/macroml.pdf",
    "lab": "Indiana University && Yale University",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacroML",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "makedoc",
    "name": "MakeDoc",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "textMarkup",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2705,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19804,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "textMarkup",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2000,
    "wikipedia_related": "rebol html xml vi emacs-editor",
    "wikipedia_summary": "MakeDoc is a lightweight markup language created in 2000 by Carl Sassenrath for creating documentation and web pages using simple text notations. The language is used extensively in the REBOL community for documentation, websites, and wikis.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 22,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 21339396,
    "lab": "REBOL Technologies",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "*Bullet item  *Another  #Numbered item  #Another numbered item",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MakeDoc",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "nvdl",
    "name": "Namespace-based Validation Dispatching Language",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2706,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19804,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "xmlFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Namespace-based Validation Dispatching Language",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Namespace-based Validation Dispatching Language (NVDL) is an XML schema language for validating XML documents that integrate with multiple namespaces. It is an ISO/IEC standard, and it is Part 4 of the DSDL schema specification. Much of the work on NVDL is based on the older Namespace Routing Language.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 11,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 14633662,
    "lab": "National Security Complex && Crane Softwrights Ltd",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "country": "United States and Canada",
    "example": "<rules xmlns=\"http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/nvdl/ns/structure/1.0\">  <namespace ns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\">    <validate schema=\"xhtml.rng\"/>  </namespace>  <namespace ns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg/\">    <validate schema=\"svg.sch\"/>  </namespace>  <anyNamespace>    <reject/>  </anyNamespace> </rules>",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namespace-based_Validation_Dispatching_Language",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "ricscript",
    "name": "RicScript",
    "appeared": 2019,
    "creators": "Rickard",
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "latestVersion": "v0.9.2",
    "rank": 2707,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 22,
    "pldbScore": 19804,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/Ricardicus/ric-script",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2019,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2019,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 4,
    "githubRepo_forks": 1,
    "githubRepo_stars": 31,
    "githubRepo_issues": 1,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2019,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 1031,
    "repoStats_committers": 10,
    "repoStats_files": 528,
    "repoStats_mb": 14,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 239989,
    "writtenIn": "c html python bourne-shell markdown meson cpp cmake javascript make yaml restructuredtext perl xml m4 json vim-script css yacc pascal lex dockerfile",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 31,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "latestMajorVersion": 0,
    "usesSemanticVersioning": true,
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/Ricardicus/ric-script",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "rtl-2",
    "name": "RTL/2",
    "appeared": 1972,
    "creators": "John Barnes",
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2708,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19804,
    "hoplId": 596,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1972,
    "wikipedia_summary": "RTL/2 was a high-level programming language developed at Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd by J.G.P. Barnes. It was originally used internally within ICI but was distributed by SPL International in 1974 It was designed for use in real-time computing (hence the initials RTL = real-time language). Based on concepts from Algol 68, it was intended to be a small, simple language. RTL/2 was standardised in 1980 by the British Standards Institution.RTL/2 was a strongly typed language with separate compilation. The compilation units contained one or more items known as \"bricks\", i.e.:  procedure bricks, data bricks, stack bricks.A procedure brick was a procedure, which may or may not return a (scalar) value, have (scalar) parameters, or have local (scalar) variables. The entry mechanism and implementation of local variables was re-entrant. Non-scalar data could only be accessed via reference (so-called REF variables were considered scalar). A data brick was a named static collection of scalars, arrays and records. Programmers had to implement memory management themselves (there was no heap or garbage collection). A stack brick was an area of storage reserved for running all the procedures of a single process and contained the call stack, local variables and other housekeeping items. The extent to which stack bricks were actually used varied depending upon the host environment in which RTL/2 programs actually ran. Access to the host environment of an RTL/2 program was provided via special procedure and data bricks called SVC procedures and SVC data. These were accessible in RTL/2 but implemented in some other language in the host environment.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 20,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 28045268,
    "lab": "Imperial Chemical Industries plc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia_example": "RTL/2 Ref 1  - Language Specification RTL/2 Ref 2  - Introduction to RTL/2 RTL/2 Ref 3  - RTL/2 Training Manual RTL/2 Ref 4  - System Standards RTL/2 Ref 5  - Stream I/O RTL/2 Ref 18 - Hints on writing RTL/2 Programs RTL/2 Ref 26 - Language Reference Card RTL/2 Ref 39 - Run time environment on the PDP-11 RTL/2 Ref 63 - User Manual for the PDP-11 under RSX-11M RTL/2 Ref 107- VAX/VMS RTL/2 User Manual RTL/2 REF 130- The RTL/2 32 bit run time environment on the VAX",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RTL/2",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=596"
  },
  {
    "id": "sam76",
    "name": "SAM76",
    "appeared": 1970,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2709,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19804,
    "hoplId": 781,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1970,
    "wikipedia_related": "forth c unix linux basic pascal lisp logo trac",
    "wikipedia_summary": "SAM76 is a macro programming language used from the late 1970s to the present 2007 initially ran on CP/M. The SAM76 language is a list and string processor designed for interactive and user-directed applications, including artificial intelligence programming, and permits high portability from machine to machine. The language shares certain features in common with LISP, Forth, and shell programming languages of the UNIX operating system. Claude A. R. Kagan, the language's developer, sought to combine within a single interpretive processor, the characteristics of two different string and general-purpose macro generators and the provisions to embed multiple infix operator mathematical systems. SAM76 was designed to: be very pure syntactically and semantically; require a minimum of user keyboarding to achieve powerful results; fit in a very small computer system; permit editing, testing, and executing modules interactively; not prevent the user from doing strange things with the syntax of the language yielding, however, predictable results. The language was based around the idea of programming with macros. A user will define a macro (a code word that can be defined by the user to invoke a specific set of instructions to perform a routine within the program) to execute a set of instructions, usually in either machine or assembly language, and use the macro in the program. In this way, a user need only define a routine once and then when that particular operation, or string is required, the user can substitute is with the macro name. Since then the language has been rewritten in C and compiles on Windows, Unix, Linux, and similar operating systems. The source code is available online and still compiles and runs as of 2006.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/icalendar",
    "country": "Canada",
    "example": "BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML v1.0//EN BEGIN:VEVENT UID:uid1@example.com DTSTAMP:19970714T170000Z ORGANIZER;CN=John Doe:MAILTO:john.doe@example.com DTSTART:19970714T170000Z DTEND:19970715T035959Z SUMMARY:Bastille Day Party GEO:48.85299;2.36885 END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/iCalendar",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "musp",
    "name": "MUSP",
    "appeared": 1960,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2727,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19755,
    "hoplId": 5086,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 15,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musp",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "ngl-programming-language",
    "name": "NGL",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2728,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": -1,
    "lab": "https://github.com/herrerae",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 15,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "country": "Unknown",
    "reference": "https://www.wikiwand.com/de/Zeittafel_der_Programmiersprachen",
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    "id": "smarts",
    "name": "SMILES arbitrary target specification",
    "appeared": 1987,
    "creators": "David Weininger",
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "textDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2729,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19755,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1962,
    "wikipedia_summary": "SMILES arbitrary target specification (SMARTS) is a language for specifying substructural patterns in molecules. The SMARTS line notation is expressive and allows extremely precise and transparent substructural specification and atom typing. SMARTS is related to the SMILES line notation that is used to encode molecular structures and like SMILES was originally developed by David Weininger and colleagues at Daylight Chemical Information Systems.  The most comprehensive descriptions of the SMARTS language can be found in Daylight's SMARTS theory manual, tutorial  and examples. OpenEye Scientific Software has developed their own version of SMARTS which differs from the original Daylight version in how the R descriptor (see cyclicity below) is defined.",
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    "lab": "Daylight Chemical Information Systems, Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 15,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "brown-university-interactive-language",
    "name": "BRUIN",
    "appeared": 1968,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2730,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "hoplId": 377,
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    "standsFor": "Brown University Interactive Language",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1969,
    "wikipedia_related": "joss doi",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Brown University Interactive Language (BRUIN) was an introductory programming language developed at Brown University in the late 1960s.  It operated in the IBM 360, and was similar to PL/1.  The abstract of R. G. Munck's document, \"Meeting the Computational Requirements of the University, Brown University Interactive Language\" describes BRUIN as \"a JOSS-like interpreter and a WATFOR-Like compiler and has a syntax very much like PL/I. It is intended that BRUIN and PL/I will together form a language system which will supply most of the (non-computer science) computational requirements of the university.\"",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
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    "lab": "Brown University",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "clx",
    "name": "CLX",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2731,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "hoplId": 7124,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The acronym CLX can refer to a number of things:  160 in Roman numerals Cargolux, an airline using the ICAO code CLX CLX (Common Lisp), a Common Lisp computer library CLX Communications, a telecommunications and cloud communications platform as a service company, based in Stockholm, Sweden Component Library for Cross Platform (CLX), a cross-platform visual component-based framework",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
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    "lab": "https://github.com/sharplispers",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "Various",
    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLX_(Common_Lisp)",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLX",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=7124"
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    "id": "commonloops",
    "name": "CommonLoops",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2732,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1986,
    "wikipedia_related": "common-lisp java clos",
    "wikipedia_summary": "CommonLoops (the Common Lisp Object-Oriented Programming System; an acronym reminiscent of the earlier Lisp OO system \"Loops\" for the Interlisp-D system) is an early programming language which extended Common Lisp to include Object-oriented programming functionality and is a dynamic object system which differs from the OOP facilities found in static languages such as C++ or Java. Like New Flavors, CommonLoops supported multiple inheritance, generic functions and method combination. CommonLoops also supported multi-methods and made use of metaobjects. CommonLoops and New Flavors were the primary ancestors of  CLOS.  CommonLoops was supported by a portable implementation known as Portable CommonLoops (PCL) which ran on all Common Lisp implementations of the day.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 61,
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    "lab": "Hewlett-Packard",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "United States",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1208"
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    "id": "cybil",
    "name": "CYBIL",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2733,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19749,
    "hoplId": 1941,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "pascal",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Cybil (short for the Cyber Implementation Language of the Control Data Network Operating System) was a Pascal-like language developed at Control Data Corporation.  Cybil was used as the implementation language for the NOS/VE operating system on the CDC Cyber series and was also used to write the eOS operating system for the ETA10 supercomputer in the 1980s.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
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    "lab": "Control Data Corporation",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybil_(programming_language)",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1941"
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    "id": "datapoint-dasl",
    "name": "Datapoint's Advanced Systems Language",
    "appeared": 1982,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2734,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19749,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "aka": "DASL",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "pascal c assembly-language",
    "wikipedia_summary": "DASL (Datapoint's Advanced Systems Language) was a programming language and compiler proprietary to Datapoint.  Primarily influenced by Pascal with some C touches, it was created in the early 1980s by Gene Hughes. The compiler output was assembly language, which was typically processed through a peep-hole optimizer before the assembler and linker. Reflecting its name, DASL was used for systems programming, mainly by the vendor itself.",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
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    "lab": "Datapoint Corporation",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datapoint%27s_Advanced_Systems_Language",
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    "id": "extended-ml",
    "name": "Extended ML",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2735,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19749,
    "hoplId": 1140,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1997,
    "wikipedia_related": "standard-ml",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Extended ML is a wide-spectrum language covering both specification and implementation and based on the ML programming language. It extends the syntax of ML to include axioms, which need not be executable but can rigorously specify the behavior of the program. With this addition the language can be used for stepwise refinement, proceeding gradually from an initial formal specification to eventually yield an executable Standard ML program. Correctness of the final executable SML program with respect to the original specification can then be established by proving the correctness of each of the refinement steps. Extended ML is used for research into and teaching of formal program development and specification, and research into automatic program verification. Extended ML is neither related to the programming language Extensible ML (other than being similarly derived from ML), nor to the specification language eXtensible Markup Language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 9,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 957110,
    "lab": "University of Edinburgh",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_ML",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1140"
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    "id": "lagoona",
    "name": "Lagoona",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2736,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19749,
    "hoplId": 2151,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Lagoona is an experimental programming language developed by Michael Franz, a former student of Niklaus Wirth. It explores component-oriented programming with the use of stand-alone messages and message sets, message forwarding, and by de-emphasizing classes.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3154023,
    "lab": "University of California Riverside && University of California Irvine",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagoona_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2151"
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  {
    "id": "o-xml",
    "name": "o:XML",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2737,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19749,
    "hoplId": 8337,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_related": "xml",
    "wikipedia_summary": "o:XML is an open source, dynamically typed, general-purpose object-oriented programming language based on XML-syntax.  It has threads, exception handling, regular expressions and namespaces.  Additionally o:XML has an expression language very similar to XPath that allows functions to be invoked on nodes and node sets.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 4,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 37,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 851815,
    "lab": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190210195527/http://www.pingdynasty.com/",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O:XML",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=8337"
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  {
    "id": "sdlbasic",
    "name": "SdlBasic",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2738,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19749,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2002,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic wxbasic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "SdlBasic is a multiplatform interpreter for BASIC, using the SDL libraries.  Its interpreter core is based on wxBasic. The interpreter can be very useful for people who are familiar with ANSI-BASIC interpreters and are curious or needing SDL library features on their coding development. Using the IDE it is possible to create an executable.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 12,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 49,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 13475116,
    "lab": "https://sourceforge.net/p/sdlbasic/mailman/sdlbasic-developers",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "Function swap( a, b )     tmp = a     a = b     b = tmp End Function v1=10 v2=20 print v1, v2 swap( v1, v2 ) print v1, v2",
    "printToken": "print",
    "hasPrintDebugging": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SdlBasic",
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    "id": "telnet-protocol",
    "name": "Telnet",
    "appeared": 1969,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2739,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1969,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Telnet is a protocol used on the Internet or local area network to provide a bidirectional interactive text-oriented communication facility using a virtual terminal connection. User data is interspersed in-band with Telnet control information in an 8-bit byte oriented data connection over the  Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). Telnet was developed in 1969 beginning with RFC 15, extended in RFC 855, and standardized as Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Internet Standard STD 8, one of the first Internet standards. The name stands for \"teletype network\".Historically, Telnet provided access to a command-line interface (usually, of an operating system) on a remote host, including most network equipment and operating systems with a configuration utility (including systems based on Windows NT). However, because of serious security concerns when using Telnet over an open network such as the Internet, its use for this purpose has waned significantly in favor of SSH. The term telnet is also used to refer to the software that implements the client part of the protocol. Telnet client applications are available for virtually all computer platforms. Telnet is also used as a verb. To telnet means to establish a connection using the Telnet protocol, either with command line client or with a programmatic interface. For example, a common directive might be: \"To change your password, telnet into the server, log in and run the passwd command.\" Most often, a user will be telnetting to a Unix-like server system or a network device (such as a router) and obtaining a login prompt to a command line text interface or a character-based full-screen manager.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1394,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 1050,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 6990,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telnet",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "blossom",
    "name": "Blossom",
    "appeared": 2024,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2740,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 19739,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/hzrd149/blossom",
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
    "githubRepo_created": 2024,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 7,
    "githubRepo_forks": 13,
    "githubRepo_stars": 88,
    "githubRepo_issues": 8,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2025,
    "repoStats_commits": 136,
    "repoStats_committers": 15,
    "repoStats_files": 10,
    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 681,
    "description": "Blobs stored simply on mediaservers. Blossom is a spec for a set of HTTP endpoints that allow users to store blobs of data on publicly accessible servers",
    "githubRepo_description": "Blobs stored simply on mediaservers. Blossom is a spec for a set of HTTP endpoints that allow users to store blobs of data on publicly accessible servers",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Blobs stored simply on mediaservers. Blossom is a spec for a set of HTTP endpoints that allow users to store blobs of data on publicly accessible servers",
    "writtenIn": "markdown",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 143,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/hzrd149/blossom",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "ole-protocol",
    "name": "Object Linking and Embedding",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2741,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19738,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1990,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Object Linking &  Embedding  (OLE) is a proprietary technology developed by Microsoft that allows embedding and linking to documents and other objects. For developers, it brought OLE Control Extension (OCX), a way to develop and use custom thing of users using interface elements. On a technical level, an OLE object is any object that implements the IOleObject interface, possibly along with a wide range of other interfaces, depending on the object's needs.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 250,
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    "lab": "Microsoft",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1270,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_Linking_and_Embedding",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "tiff-format",
    "name": "Tagged Image File Format",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "binaryDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2742,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "binaryDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Tagged Image File Format",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1986,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Tagged Image File Format, abbreviated TIFF or TIF, is a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers. TIFF is widely supported by scanning, faxing, word processing, optical character recognition, image manipulation, desktop publishing, and page-layout applications. The format was created by Aldus Corporation for use in desktop publishing. It published the latest version 6.0 in 1992, subsequently updated with an Adobe Systems copyright after the latter acquired Aldus in 1994. Several Aldus or Adobe technical notes have been published with minor extensions to the format, and several specifications have been based on TIFF 6.0, including TIFF/EP (ISO 12234-2), TIFF/IT (ISO 12639), TIFF-F (RFC 2306) and TIFF-FX (RFC 3949).",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1252,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 623,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 6280,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TIFF",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "genexus",
    "name": "GeneXus",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2743,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "GeneXus is a Cross-Platform, knowledge representation-based, development tool, mainly oriented to enterprise-class applications for  Web applications, smart devices and the Microsoft Windows platform. A developer describes an application in a high-level, mostly declarative language, from which native code is generated for multiple environments. It includes a normalization module, which creates and maintains an optimal database structure based on the user views of the reality described in a declarative (rule-based) language. The languages for which code can be generated include, COBOL, Java including Android and BlackBerry smart devices, Objective-C for Apple mobile devices, RPG, Ruby, Visual Basic, and Visual FoxPro.Most popular DBMSs are supported, such as Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, DB2, Informix, PostgreSQL and MySQL. GeneXus is developed by Uruguayan company ARTech Consultores SRL.The latest version is Genexus 16, which was released in 2018.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Cambridge Algebra System (CAMAL) is a computer algebra system written in Cambridge University by David Barton, Steve Bourne, and John Fitch. It was initially used for computations in celestial mechanics and general relativity. The foundation code was written in Titan computer assembler,.  In 1973, when Titan was replaced with an IBM370/85, it was rewritten in ALGOL 68C and then BCPL where it could run on IBM mainframes and assorted microcomputers.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Concurrent MetateM is a multi-agent language in which each agent is programmed using a set of (augmented) temporal logic specifications of the behaviour it should exhibit. These specifications are executed directly to generate the behaviour of the agent. As a result, there is no risk of invalidating the logic as with systems where logical specification must first be translated to a lower-level implementation. The root of the MetateM concept is Gabbay's separation theorem; any arbitrary temporal logic formula can be rewritten in a logically equivalent past → future form. Execution proceeds by a process of continually matching rules against a history, and firing those rules when antecedents are satisfied. Any instantiated future-time consequents become commitments which must subsequently be satisfied, iteratively generating a model for the formula made up of the program rules.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Iptscrae is a stack-oriented scripting language used to give additional functionality to The Palace software and servers. Its name comes from the pronunciation of \"script\" in Pig Latin. [1] The language was created by Jim Bumgardner, who in turn was inspired by Forth, another stack-based language.  Bumgardner chose this style of language because it is extremely easily to implement an interpreter, since there is no need to support parenthetical groupings or operator precedence. The name \"iptScrae\" was borrowed by Bumgardner from a former colleague and mentor, Kevin Bjorke, who came up with the name \"iptscray\" for a freeware Forth interpreter a few years previously.  Bumgardner originally created Iptscrae for Idaho, an in-house multi-media authoring system, similar to HyperCard, which he created while an employee at Warner New Media.  He then reused and modified the IptScrae compiler for the Palace project, which was developed in 1994. Although it is a scripting language, many have used it to provide additional functionality to many other programs and functions. Forums can be created with Iptscrae while embedding it with JavaScript, as many factions of Iptscrae fans have done in the past. It's fully possible to implement Iptscrae with other languages, even if they're not on the same dynamic principles. For example, Iptscrae has, in the past, been webbed together with Java, JavaScript, HTML, and other artificial languages, including other scripting languages, programming languages, specification languages, query languages, and markup languages to add more end-user interactions and commands to other programs, without sacrificing user-friendliness. In the past years, Iptscrae has even been utilized in computer peer groups through open-source language compilers, using not only transformation and hardware description languages, but also combining it with several other genres of computer languages to create an intertwined web of user-friendliness and application compatibility.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Protel stands for \"Procedure Oriented Type Enforcing Language\". It is a programming language created by Nortel Networks and used on telecommunications switching systems such as the DMS-100. Protel-2 is the object-oriented version of Protel.PROTEL languages were designed to meet the needs of digital telephony and is the basis of the DMS-100 line of switching systems  PROTEL is a strongly typed, block-structured language which is based heavily on PASCAL and ALGOL 68 with left-to-right style of variable assignment, variable-sized arrays, and extensible structures.  The designers of PROTEL significantly extended PASCAL of the day by adding external compilation and extending the data structures available in the language.",
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    "reference": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32493946",
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    "country": "Norway",
    "reference": "http://concepts.gilb.com/dl44",
    "example": "PLAN [01-Sep 2012]: Full product release GIST : Develop XYZ product ready for product release STAKEHOLDER [planning, final signoff]: Product Quality Manager AUTHORITY [final signoff]: Marketing Manager METER [Product]: Signed off acceptance by <those with final signoff> MUST [01-Sep 2012]: Partial product release WISH [01-Aug 2012]: Full product release",
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    "id": "poly",
    "name": "poly",
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    "description": "lazy, functional, statically typed, parametric polymorphism, type inference",
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    "country": "Slovenia",
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    "id": "pop-pl",
    "name": "Patient-Oriented Prescription Programming Language",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://users.cs.northwestern.edu/~sfq833/pop-pl/",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://users.cs.northwestern.edu/~sfq833/resources/papers/GPCE_POP-PL_2015.pdf",
    "example": "#lang pop-pl  used by JessieBrownVA  initially  giveBolus 80 units/kg of: HEParin by: iv  infusion:  whenever new aPTTResult   aPTT < 45 | giveBolus 80 units/kg of: HEParin by: iv",
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    "website": "https://web.archive.org/web/20150714061208/https://potential-lang.org",
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  {
    "id": "pursuit-pm",
    "name": "Pursuit PureScript Package Repository",
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    "packageCount": 800,
    "description": "Pursuit hosts API documentation for PureScript packages.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Pursuit hosts API documentation for PureScript packages.",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "Pursuit hosts API documentation for PureScript packages.",
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    "name": "pyke",
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    "id": "qed-lang",
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    "example": "void Button(string text) {     int col = 0xC0C0C0; @out(\"  \" + text + \"  \") } @out(rect()) @bgcol(col) @onpress(col = 0x808080) @onrelease([col = 0xC0C0C0, return()]) Button(\"Form 1\"); println(\"Form 1 clicked\"); Button(\"Form 2\"); println(\"Form 2 clicked\"); Button(\"Quit\"); return(0);",
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    "id": "raco-pm",
    "name": "raco-pm",
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  {
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  {
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    "description": "RPython is a restricted subset of Python that is amenable to static analysis. RPython is a proper subset of Python, is statically typed, and does not allow dynamic modification of class or method definitions; however, it can still take advantage of Python features such as mixins and first-class methods and classes.",
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    "id": "rsharp",
    "name": "rsharp",
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    "id": "runic",
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    "example": "* Header & Paragraph - List Element 1 - List Element 2 | table | row1 | table | row2 # -- CODE BLOCK > -- HTML BLOCK λ -- LAIN BLOCK",
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    "id": "s-lang",
    "name": "s-lang",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "creators": "John E. Davis",
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    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.jedsoft.org/slang/doc/html/slang.html",
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    "description": "S-Lang is an interpreted language that was designed from the start to be easily embedded into a program to provide it with a powerful extension language. Examples of programs that use S-Lang as an extension language include the jed text editor and the slrn newsreader. Although S-Lang does not exist as a separate application, it is distributed with a quite capable program called slsh (``slang-shell'') that embeds the interpreter and allows one to execute S-Lang scripts, or simply experiment with S-Lang at an interactive prompt. Many of the the examples in this document are presented in the context of one of the above applications. S-Lang was originally a stack language that supported a postscript-like syntax. For that reason, I named it S-Lang, where the S was supposed to emphasize its stack-based nature. About a year later, I began to work on a preparser that would allow one unfamiliar with stack based languages to make use of a more traditional infix syntax. Currently, the syntax of the language resembles C, nevertheless some postscript-like features still remain, e.g., the `%' character is still used as a comment delimiter.",
    "githubRepo_description": "S-Lang is an interpreted language that was designed from the start to be easily embedded into a program to provide it with a powerful extension language. Examples of programs that use S-Lang as an extension language include the jed text editor and the slrn newsreader. Although S-Lang does not exist as a separate application, it is distributed with a quite capable program called slsh (``slang-shell'') that embeds the interpreter and allows one to execute S-Lang scripts, or simply experiment with S-Lang at an interactive prompt. Many of the the examples in this document are presented in the context of one of the above applications. S-Lang was originally a stack language that supported a postscript-like syntax. For that reason, I named it S-Lang, where the S was supposed to emphasize its stack-based nature. About a year later, I began to work on a preparser that would allow one unfamiliar with stack based languages to make use of a more traditional infix syntax. Currently, the syntax of the language resembles C, nevertheless some postscript-like features still remain, e.g., the `%' character is still used as a comment delimiter.",
    "lab": "https://www.jedsoft.org/slang/mailinglists.html",
    "rijuRepl_description": "S-Lang is an interpreted language that was designed from the start to be easily embedded into a program to provide it with a powerful extension language. Examples of programs that use S-Lang as an extension language include the jed text editor and the slrn newsreader. Although S-Lang does not exist as a separate application, it is distributed with a quite capable program called slsh (``slang-shell'') that embeds the interpreter and allows one to execute S-Lang scripts, or simply experiment with S-Lang at an interactive prompt. Many of the the examples in this document are presented in the context of one of the above applications. S-Lang was originally a stack language that supported a postscript-like syntax. For that reason, I named it S-Lang, where the S was supposed to emphasize its stack-based nature. About a year later, I began to work on a preparser that would allow one unfamiliar with stack based languages to make use of a more traditional infix syntax. Currently, the syntax of the language resembles C, nevertheless some postscript-like features still remain, e.g., the `%' character is still used as a comment delimiter.",
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    "example": "define init_array (a) {    variable i, imax;     imax = length (a);    for (i = 0; i < imax; i++)      {         a[i] = 7;      } }  variable A = Int_Type [10]; init_array (A);",
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    "githubRepo_description": "SDF is an XML format that describes objects and environments for robot simulators, visualization, and control. Originally developed as part of the Gazebo robot simulator, SDF was designed with scientific robot applications in mind. Over the years, SDF has become a stable, robust, and extensible format capable of describing all aspects of robots, static and dynamic objects, lighting, terrain, and even physics.",
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    "description": "The Shiv programming language is a language designed around extending the langauge itself. Its main features include: Simple, light-weight yet expressive syntax; Powerful metaprogramming capabilities.",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "The Shiv programming language is a language designed around extending the langauge itself. Its main features include: Simple, light-weight yet expressive syntax; Powerful metaprogramming capabilities.",
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    "website": "https://people.eecs.berkeley.edu/~sequin/SIF/sif.html",
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    "standsFor": "Solids Interchange Format",
    "description": "SIF is a simple language -- or actually a small collection of dialects of the same language -- to describe and exchange solid parts and small assemblies across the interface between designer and a manufacturer or a fabrication service.",
    "githubRepo_description": "SIF is a simple language -- or actually a small collection of dialects of the same language -- to describe and exchange solid parts and small assemblies across the interface between designer and a manufacturer or a fabrication service.",
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    "example": "(surface 1 (v 10 1 - 1))",
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    "id": "slim-pl",
    "name": "slim-pl",
    "appeared": 1999,
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    "website": "http://setl.org/slim/",
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    "description": "Slim is a general-purpose programming language resembling SETL. It is more like a cousin to SETL than a child, since it shares a common heritage with SETL, but was independently designed.",
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    "id": "smithy",
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    "id": "solaris-pm",
    "name": "solaris-pm",
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    "website": "http://pkg.oracle.com/solaris/release/en/index.shtml",
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    "id": "taql",
    "name": "Table Query Language",
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    "description": "The Table Query Language (TaQL) is an SQL-like high level language to do operations like selection, sort, and update on a casacore table. It is a very versatile language with full support for table columns containing array data. It has inherent support for masked arrays, units, and astronomical coordinates. It has a very rich set of functions (like cone search and array reduction) making it very suitable for astronomical applications. User defined functions can be added easily. It also has full support of grouping/aggregation and nested queries. An operation that can be expressed in a single function is the matching of two sky catalogues. It can be used from C++, Python, and the Casacore program taql.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The Table Query Language (TaQL) is an SQL-like high level language to do operations like selection, sort, and update on a casacore table. It is a very versatile language with full support for table columns containing array data. It has inherent support for masked arrays, units, and astronomical coordinates. It has a very rich set of functions (like cone search and array reduction) making it very suitable for astronomical applications. User defined functions can be added easily. It also has full support of grouping/aggregation and nested queries. An operation that can be expressed in a single function is the matching of two sky catalogues. It can be used from C++, Python, and the Casacore program taql.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The Table Query Language (TaQL) is an SQL-like high level language to do operations like selection, sort, and update on a casacore table. It is a very versatile language with full support for table columns containing array data. It has inherent support for masked arrays, units, and astronomical coordinates. It has a very rich set of functions (like cone search and array reduction) making it very suitable for astronomical applications. User defined functions can be added easily. It also has full support of grouping/aggregation and nested queries. An operation that can be expressed in a single function is the matching of two sky catalogues. It can be used from C++, Python, and the Casacore program taql.",
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    "id": "th1",
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    "standsFor": "Test Harness 1",
    "description": "TH1 is a very small scripting language used to help generate web-page content in Fossil. TH1 began as a minimalist re-implementation of the Tcl scripting language. There was a need to test the SQLite library on Symbian phones, but at that time all of the test cases for SQLite were written in Tcl and Tcl could not be easily compiled on the SymbianOS. So TH1 was developed as a cut-down version of Tcl that would facilitate running the SQLite test scripts on SymbianOS.",
    "githubRepo_description": "TH1 is a very small scripting language used to help generate web-page content in Fossil. TH1 began as a minimalist re-implementation of the Tcl scripting language. There was a need to test the SQLite library on Symbian phones, but at that time all of the test cases for SQLite were written in Tcl and Tcl could not be easily compiled on the SymbianOS. So TH1 was developed as a cut-down version of Tcl that would facilitate running the SQLite test scripts on SymbianOS.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "TH1 is a very small scripting language used to help generate web-page content in Fossil. TH1 began as a minimalist re-implementation of the Tcl scripting language. There was a need to test the SQLite library on Symbian phones, but at that time all of the test cases for SQLite were written in Tcl and Tcl could not be easily compiled on the SymbianOS. So TH1 was developed as a cut-down version of Tcl that would facilitate running the SQLite test scripts on SymbianOS.",
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    "id": "trex",
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    "githubRepo_description": "TREX is a new language for validating XML documents. A TREX pattern specifies a pattern for the structure and content of an XML document. A TREX pattern thus identifies a class of XML documents consisting of those documents that match the pattern. A TREX pattern is itself an XML document.",
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    "id": "iceberg",
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    "id": "seph-programming-language",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "4G is the fourth generation of broadband cellular network technology, succeeding 3G. A 4G system must provide capabilities defined by ITU in IMT Advanced. Potential and current applications include amended mobile web access, IP telephony, gaming services, high-definition mobile TV, video conferencing, and 3D television. The first-release Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard was commercially deployed in Oslo, Norway, and Stockholm, Sweden in 2009, and has since been deployed throughout most parts of the world. It has, however, been debated whether first-release versions should be considered 4G LTE, as discussed in the technical understanding section below.",
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    "id": "altair-basic",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2917,
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    "id": "commodore-basic",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Commodore BASIC, also known as PET BASIC, is the dialect of the BASIC programming language used in Commodore International's 8-bit home computer line, stretching from the PET of 1977 to the C128 of 1985. The core was based on 6502 Microsoft BASIC, and as such it shares many characteristics with other 6502 BASICs of the time, such as Applesoft BASIC. Commodore licensed BASIC from Microsoft on a \"pay once, no royalties\" basis after Jack Tramiel turned down Bill Gates' offer of a $3 per unit fee, stating, \"I'm already married,\" and would pay no more than $25,000 for a perpetual license.",
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    "id": "idl-sl",
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    "id": "text-executive-programming-language",
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    "id": "wirth-syntax-notation",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "AVR is a family of microcontrollers developed since 1996 by Atmel, acquired by Microchip Technology in 2016. These are modified Harvard architecture 8-bit RISC single-chip microcontrollers. AVR was one of the first microcontroller families to use on-chip flash memory for program storage, as opposed to one-time programmable ROM, EPROM, or EEPROM used by other microcontrollers at the time. AVR microcontrollers find many applications as embedded systems. They are especially common in hobbyist and educational embedded applications, popularized by their inclusion in many of the Arduino line of open hardware development boards.",
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    "id": "deb",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "deb is the format, as well as extension of the software package format for the Linux distribution Debian and its derivatives.",
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    "id": "tiny-basic",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Tiny BASIC is a dialect of the BASIC programming language that can fit into as little as 2 or 3 KB of memory. This small size made it invaluable in the early days of microcomputers in the mid-1970s, when typical memory size was only 4 to 8 KB. To meet these strict size limits, math was purely integer based and it lacked arrays. The language was written, in part, as an alternative to Microsoft BASIC. MS BASIC would also run in 4 KB machines, but left only 790 bytes free for the programs. More free space was a significant advantage of Tiny BASIC. Piracy of MS BASIC led Bill Gates to publish an open letter complaining about people \"stealing\" BASIC, which further helped drive the popularity of this alternative. Tiny BASIC was published in a newsletter offshoot of the People's Computer Company. Dozens of versions were created for almost every platform of the era, and there were many variations and additions that were published over time. The newsletter eventually became Dr. Dobb's Journal, a long-lived computing magazine. Tiny BASIC is an example of a free software project that existed before the free software movement.",
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    "id": "numbers-app",
    "name": "Numbers",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Numbers is a spreadsheet application developed by Apple Inc. as part of the iWork productivity suite alongside Keynote and Pages. Numbers is available for iOS, and macOS High Sierra or newer. Numbers 1.0 on OS X was announced on 7 August 2007, making it the newest application in the iWork suite. The iPad version was released on 27 January 2010. The app was later updated to support iPhone and iPod Touch. Numbers uses a free-form \"canvas\" approach that demotes tables to one of many different media types placed on a page. Other media, like charts, graphics and text, are treated as peers. In comparison, traditional spreadsheets like Microsoft Excel use the table as the primary container, with other media placed within the table. Numbers also includes features from the seminal Lotus Improv, notably the use of formulas based on ranges rather than cells. However, it implements these using traditional spreadsheet concepts, as opposed to Improv's use of multidimensional databases. Numbers also includes numerous stylistic improvements in an effort to improve the visual appearance of spreadsheets. At its introductory demonstration, Steve Jobs pitched a more usable interface and better control over the appearance and presentation of tables of data.",
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    "id": "cs-script",
    "name": "CS-Script",
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    "measurements": 8,
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    "rank": 2928,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "CS-Script (www.csscript.net) is a CLR (Common Language Runtime) based scripting system which uses ECMA-compliant C# as a programming language. CS-Script currently targets Microsoft implementation of CLR (.NET 2.0/3.0/3.5/4.0) and with full support for Mono. CS-Script as well as a few other .NET languages (e.g. Boo) is a statically typed language and it allows unlimited access to .NET/CLR functionality with plain vanilla C# syntax. CS-Script as a scripting environment offers stand alone script execution as well as hosting the script engine from CLR application. Because of statically typed nature of the script execution CS-Script demonstrates no performance degradation comparing to the compiled managed binaries. Existing .NET development tools (e.g. MS Visual Studio, Sharp Develop) can be used, allowing editing and debugging scripts within traditional .NET Development environment. In addition to this in 2013 an Open Source CS-Script plugin for Notepad++ has been made publicly available. CS-Script has been used in a number of open-source and proprietary products of different scale and complexity (e.g. FlashDevelop, MediaPortal). CS-Script is released under the custom \"liberal\" license, which is allows free commercial use and free access to the source code.",
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    "id": "proiv",
    "name": "PROIV",
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    "wikipedia_related": "abap focus pick-operating-system jvm linux solaris postgresql c",
    "wikipedia_summary": "PROIV is a low code development platform, developed and sold by NorthgateArinso, part of the Northgate Information Solutions Group. It has an active community of around 2500 developers and end-users worldwide, ranging from consultants to large multinationals, finance institutions, tax authorities, retailers, engineering companies, media operators and software houses. PROIV's usual application domain is database-centric business applications. PROIV has some similarities to languages such as ABAP, FOCUS and RPG. PROIV programs consist of declarative/non-procedural specifications that control the overall structure of the program and database access and that have an implicit sequence of execution (which PROIV programmers refer to as the timing cycle).  Procedural subroutines can be added by the programmer; these are written in a 3GL-like language which PROIV calls \"Logic\". Note that in PROIV programs are referred to as \"functions\", which can be confusing as it differs from the more usual use of that term in programming languages.",
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    "id": "pic-microcontroller",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "PIC (usually pronounced as \"pick\") is a family of microcontrollers made by Microchip Technology, derived from the PIC1650  originally developed by General Instrument's Microelectronics Division. The name PIC initially referred to Peripheral Interface Controller, then it was corrected as Programmable Intelligent Computer. The first parts of the family were available in 1976; by 2013 the company had shipped more than twelve billion individual parts, used in a wide variety of embedded systems. Early models of PIC had read-only memory (ROM) or field-programmable EPROM for program storage, some with provision for erasing memory. All current models use flash memory for program storage, and newer models allow the PIC to reprogram itself. Program memory and data memory are separated. Data memory is 8-bit, 16-bit, and, in latest models, 32-bit wide. Program instructions vary in bit-count by family of PIC, and may be 12, 14, 16, or 24 bits long. The instruction set also varies by model, with more powerful chips adding instructions for digital signal processing functions. The hardware capabilities of PIC devices range from 6-pin SMD, 8-pin DIP chips up to 144-pin SMD chips, with discrete I/O pins, ADC and DAC modules, and communications ports such as UART, I2C, CAN, and even USB. Low-power and high-speed variations exist for many types. The manufacturer supplies computer software for development known as MPLAB X, assemblers and C/C++ compilers, and programmer/debugger hardware under the MPLAB and PICKit series. Third party and some open-source tools are also available. Some parts have in-circuit programming capability; low-cost development programmers are available as well as high-production programmers. PIC devices are popular with both industrial developers and hobbyists due to their low cost, wide availability, large user base, extensive collection of application notes, availability of low cost or free development tools, serial programming, and re-programmable Flash-memory capability.",
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    "id": "eqn",
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    "id": "foaf",
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    "id": "heic",
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    "standsFor": "High Efficiency Image File Format",
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    "id": "iota-and-jot",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "In formal language theory and computer science, Iota and Jot (from Greek iota ι, Hebrew yodh י, the smallest letters in those two alphabets) are languages, extremely minimalist formal systems, designed to be even simpler than other more popular alternatives, such as the lambda calculus and SKI combinator calculus.",
    "lab": "New York University",
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    "id": "molecular-query-language",
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    "description": "We have developed a Java library for substructure matching that features easy-to-read syntax and extensibility. This molecular query language (MQL) is grounded on a context-free grammar, which allows for straightforward modification and extension. The formal description of MQL is provided in this paper. Molecule primitives are atoms, bonds, properties, branching, and rings. User-defined features can be added via a Java interface. In MQL, molecules are represented as graphs. Substructure matching was implemented using the Ullmann algorithm because of favorable run-time performance. The Ullmann algorithm carries out a fast subgraph isomorphism search by combining backtracking with effective forward checking. MQL software design was driven by the aim to facilitate the use of various cheminformatics toolkits. Two Java interfaces provide a bridge from our MQL package to an external toolkit: the first one provides the matching rules for every feature of a particular toolkit; the second one converts the found match from the internal format of MQL to the format of the external toolkit. We already implemented these interfaces for the Chemistry Development Toolkit.",
    "githubRepo_description": "We have developed a Java library for substructure matching that features easy-to-read syntax and extensibility. This molecular query language (MQL) is grounded on a context-free grammar, which allows for straightforward modification and extension. The formal description of MQL is provided in this paper. Molecule primitives are atoms, bonds, properties, branching, and rings. User-defined features can be added via a Java interface. In MQL, molecules are represented as graphs. Substructure matching was implemented using the Ullmann algorithm because of favorable run-time performance. The Ullmann algorithm carries out a fast subgraph isomorphism search by combining backtracking with effective forward checking. MQL software design was driven by the aim to facilitate the use of various cheminformatics toolkits. Two Java interfaces provide a bridge from our MQL package to an external toolkit: the first one provides the matching rules for every feature of a particular toolkit; the second one converts the found match from the internal format of MQL to the format of the external toolkit. We already implemented these interfaces for the Chemistry Development Toolkit.",
    "lab": "Goethe University Frankfurt",
    "rijuRepl_description": "We have developed a Java library for substructure matching that features easy-to-read syntax and extensibility. This molecular query language (MQL) is grounded on a context-free grammar, which allows for straightforward modification and extension. The formal description of MQL is provided in this paper. Molecule primitives are atoms, bonds, properties, branching, and rings. User-defined features can be added via a Java interface. In MQL, molecules are represented as graphs. Substructure matching was implemented using the Ullmann algorithm because of favorable run-time performance. The Ullmann algorithm carries out a fast subgraph isomorphism search by combining backtracking with effective forward checking. MQL software design was driven by the aim to facilitate the use of various cheminformatics toolkits. Two Java interfaces provide a bridge from our MQL package to an external toolkit: the first one provides the matching rules for every feature of a particular toolkit; the second one converts the found match from the internal format of MQL to the format of the external toolkit. We already implemented these interfaces for the Chemistry Development Toolkit.",
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    "country": "Germany",
    "reference": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/ci600305h",
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    "id": "pm2",
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    "lab": "Inria && Centre national de la recherche scientifique && University of Bordeaux",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
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    "id": "sdf",
    "name": "SDF",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntax_Definition_Formalism",
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    "id": "shrdlu",
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    "creators": "Terry Winograd",
    "measurements": 9,
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    "rank": 2945,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "lab": "MIT",
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    "id": "ssml",
    "name": "Speech Synthesis Markup Language",
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    "measurements": 9,
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    "rank": 2946,
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.w3.org/TR/speech-synthesis/",
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    "id": "structured-storage",
    "name": "COM Structured Storage",
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    "measurements": 9,
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    "rank": 2947,
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    "description": "The Compound File Binary File Format, a general-purpose file format that provides a file-system-like structure within a file for the storage of arbitrary, application-specific streams of data.",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "The Compound File Binary File Format, a general-purpose file format that provides a file-system-like structure within a file for the storage of arbitrary, application-specific streams of data.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-cfb/53989ce4-7b05-4f8d-829b-d08d6148375b?redirectedfrom=MSDN",
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    "id": "structured-text",
    "name": "Structured text",
    "appeared": 2019,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2948,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19495,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2019,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Structured text, abbreviated as ST or STX, is one of the five languages supported by the IEC 61131-3 standard, designed for programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It is a high level language that is block structured and syntactically resembles Pascal, on which it is based. All of the languages share IEC61131 Common Elements. The variables and function calls are defined by the common elements so different languages within the IEC 61131-3 standard can be used in the same program. Complex statements and nested instructions are supported:  Iteration loops (REPEAT-UNTIL; WHILE-DO) Conditional execution (IF-THEN-ELSE; CASE) Functions (SQRT(), SIN())",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 135,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 17,
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    "lab": "International Electrotechnical Commission",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 695,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "Switzerland",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_text",
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    "id": "blake-hash-function",
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    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "hashFunction",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2949,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "primaryTag": "hashFunction",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "BLAKE is a cryptographic hash function based on Dan Bernstein's ChaCha stream cipher, but a permuted copy of the input block, XORed with round constants, is added before each ChaCha round. Like SHA-2, there are two variants differing in the word size. ChaCha operates on a 4×4 array of words. BLAKE repeatedly combines an 8-word hash value with 16 message words, truncating the ChaCha result to obtain the next hash value. BLAKE-256 and BLAKE-224 use 32-bit words and produce digest sizes of 256 bits and 224 bits, respectively, while BLAKE-512 and BLAKE-384 use 64-bit words and produce digest sizes of 512 bits and 384 bits, respectively. The BLAKE2 hash function, based on BLAKE, was announced in 2012. The BLAKE3 hash function, based on BLAKE2, was announced in 2020.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 133,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 30054589,
    "lab": "UBS AG && Cyberjaya && Stuttgart Technology University of Applied Sciences && Kudelski Security",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 685,
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    "country": "Switzerland and Malaysia and Germany",
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    "id": "color-basic",
    "name": "Color BASIC",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "creators": "Bill Gates",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2950,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Color BASIC is the implementation of Microsoft BASIC that is included in the ROM of the Tandy/Radio Shack TRS-80 Color Computers manufactured between 1980 and 1991. BASIC (Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a high level language with simple syntax that makes it easy for novices to write simple programs. Color BASIC is interpreted, that is, decoded as it is run. Because of this, it is simple to edit and debug but performance is significantly lower than a compiled language such as C or assembly language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 3251996,
    "lab": "Microsoft",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
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    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "isbl",
    "name": "ISBL",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2951,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_summary": "ISBL (Information Systems Base Language) is the relational algebra notation that was invented for PRTV, one of the earliest database management systems to implement E.F. Codd's relational model of data.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 42,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 3946520,
    "lab": "IBM",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "influencedBy": "relational-model",
    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "refer",
    "name": "Refer",
    "appeared": 1978,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "textMarkup",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2952,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "textMarkup",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1978,
    "wikipedia_summary": "refer is a program for managing bibliographic references, and citing them in troff documents.  It is implemented as a troff preprocessor. refer was written by Mike Lesk at Bell Laboratories in or before 1978, and is now available as part of most Unix-like operating systems.  A free reimplementation exists as part of the groff package. As of 2015, refer sees little use, primarily because troff itself is not used much for longer technical writing that might need software support for reference and citation management.  As of 2016, some reference management software (for instance, RefWorks) will import refer data.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 4310897,
    "lab": "Bell Labs",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refer_(software)",
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    "id": "send-standard",
    "name": "Standard for Exchange of Non-clinical Data",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "standard",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2953,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19480,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "standard",
    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "SEND",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2016,
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Standard for Exchange of Nonclinical Data (SEND) is an implementation of the CDISC Standard Data Tabulation Model (SDTM) for nonclinical studies, which specifies a way to present nonclinical data in a consistent format. These types of studies are related to animal testing conducted during drug development. Raw data of toxicology animal studies started after December 18, 2016 to support submission of new drugs to the US Food and Drug Administration will be submitted to the agency using SEND. Having a common model to which the industry can conform enables benefits such as the ability for vendors to develop tools, for inter-organizational data exchange that is consistent in format regardless of the parties involved, and so on. A SEND package consists of a few parts, but the main focus is on individual endpoint data.  Endpoints typically map to domains (essentially, datasets), with a number of variables (a.k.a., columns or fields).",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
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    "lab": "Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_for_Exchange_of_Non-clinical_Data",
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  {
    "id": "stockholm-format",
    "name": "Stockholm format",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "textDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2954,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19480,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "textDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1997,
    "wikipedia_related": "fasta-format",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Stockholm format is a multiple sequence alignment format used by Pfam and Rfam to disseminate protein and RNA sequence alignments. The alignment editors Ralee  and Belvu support Stockholm format as do the probabilistic database search tools, Infernal and HMMER, and the phylogenetic analysis tool Xrate. A simple example of an Rfam alignment (UPSK RNA) with a pseudoknot in Stockholm format is shown below: # STOCKHOLM 1.0 #=GF ID    UPSK #=GF SE    Predicted; Infernal  #=GF SS    Published; PMID 9223489 #=GF RN    [1] #=GF RM    9223489 #=GF RT    The role of the pseudoknot at the 3' end of turnip yellow mosaic #=GF RT    virus RNA in minus-strand synthesis by the viral RNA-dependent RNA #=GF RT    polymerase. #=GF RA    Deiman BA, Kortlever RM, Pleij CW; #=GF RL    J Virol 1997;71:5990-5996.  AF035635.1/619-641             UGAGUUCUCGAUCUCUAAAAUCG M24804.1/82-104                UGAGUUCUCUAUCUCUAAAAUCG J04373.1/6212-6234             UAAGUUCUCGAUCUUUAAAAUCG M24803.1/1-23                  UAAGUUCUCGAUCUCUAAAAUCG #=GC SS_cons                   .AAA....<<<<aaa....>>>> //  Here is a slightly more complex example showing the Pfam CBS domain:  # STOCKHOLM 1.0 #=GF ID CBS #=GF AC PF00571 #=GF DE CBS domain #=GF AU Bateman A #=GF CC CBS domains are small intracellular modules mostly found #=GF CC in 2 or four copies within a protein. #=GF SQ 5 #=GS O31698/18-71 AC O31698 #=GS O83071/192-246 AC O83071 #=GS O83071/259-312 AC O83071 #=GS O31698/88-139 AC O31698 #=GS O31698/88-139 OS Bacillus subtilis O83071/192-246          MTCRAQLIAVPRASSLAEAIACAQKMRVSRVPVYERS #=GR O83071/192-246 SA  9998877564535242525515252536463774777 O83071/259-312          MQHVSAPVFVFECTRLAYVQHKLRAHSRAVAIVLDEY #=GR O83071/259-312 SS  CCCCCHHHHHHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE O31698/18-71            MIEADKVAHVQVGNNLEHALLVLTKTGYTAIPVLDPS #=GR O31698/18-71 SS    CCCHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEHHH O31698/88-139           EVMLTDIPRLHINDPIMKGFGMVINN..GFVCVENDE #=GR O31698/88-139 SS   CCCCCCCHHHHHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEH #=GC SS_cons            CCCCCHHHHHHHHHHHHHEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEH O31699/88-139           EVMLTDIPRLHINDPIMKGFGMVINN..GFVCVENDE #=GR O31699/88-139 AS   ________________*____________________ #=GR O31699/88-139 IN   ____________1____________2______0____ //  A minimal well formed Stockholm files should contain the header which states the format and version identifier, currently '# STOCKHOLM 1.0'. Followed by the sequences and corresponding unique sequence names:  <seqname> <aligned sequence> <seqname> <aligned sequence> <seqname> <aligned sequence>  '<seqname>' stands for \"sequence name\", typically in the form \"name/start-end\" or just \"name\". Finally, the \"//\" line indicates the end of the alignment. Sequence letters may include any characters except whitespace. Gaps may be indicated by \".\" or \"-\".",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 17304991,
    "lab": "Stockholm University",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Sweden",
    "wikipedia_example": "Feature   Description            Description       -------   -----------            --------------       RF        ReFerence annotation   Often the consensus RNA or protein sequence is used as a reference                                        Any non-gap character (e.g. x's) can indicate consensus/conserved/match columns                                        .'s or -'s indicate insert columns                                        ~'s indicate unaligned insertions                                        Upper and lower case can be used to discriminate strong and weakly conserved                                        residues respectively       MM        Model Mask             Indicates which columns in an alignment should be masked, such                                        that the emission probabilities for match states corresponding to                                        those columns will be the background distribution.",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockholm_format",
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  {
    "id": "val",
    "name": "VAL",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2955,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "hoplId": 1125,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2002,
    "wikipedia_summary": "VAL  may stand for:  Variable Assembly Language, a computer-based control system and language designed specifically for use with Unimation Inc. industrial robots Vatican lira, the currency  of the Vatican City between 1929 and 2002 Véhicule Automatique Léger, a type of automatic rubber-tired people mover technology Vieques Air Link, an airline",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
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    "wordRank": 5625,
    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/12d720433b7ad6ad0ccb12c1cee6196f759f14fa",
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    "id": "vcf-format",
    "name": "VCF",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "textDataFormat",
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    "rank": 2956,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2015,
    "wikipedia_related": "gff-format",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Variant Call Format (VCF) specifies the format of a text file used in bioinformatics for storing gene sequence variations. The format has been developed with the advent of large-scale genotyping and DNA sequencing projects, such as the 1000 Genomes Project. Existing formats for genetic data such as General feature format (GFF) stored all of the genetic data, much of which is redundant because it will be shared across the genomes. By using the variant call format only the variations need to be stored along with a reference genome. The standard is currently in version 4.3, although the 1000 Genomes Project has developed its own specification for structural variations such as duplications, which are not easily accommodated into the existing schema. A set of tools is also available for editing and manipulating the files.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 127,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 26,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 30712001,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 655,
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    "description": "The GNU Guix project invented G-Expressions to make it easier to \"stage\" data or code, in the form of S-Expressions, for later manipulation or evaluation. They are similar to S-Expressions, hence the name, but they provide useful code staging features beyond what can be easily accomplished with just \"quasiquote\" and \"unquote\". A high-level object (such as a Guix package) can be included in a G-Expression; the transitive dependencies of that high-level object will then be automatically carried along with the G-Expression. When the G-Expression is converted to an S-Expression and stored on disk for later manipulation or evaluation, the high-level object will be automatically \"lowered\" to an appropriate representation (such as the package's output path) via a \"compiler\". Compared to direct manipulation of S-Expressions, G-Expressions can provide a simpler and more intuitive way to stage data or code.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The GNU Guix project invented G-Expressions to make it easier to \"stage\" data or code, in the form of S-Expressions, for later manipulation or evaluation. They are similar to S-Expressions, hence the name, but they provide useful code staging features beyond what can be easily accomplished with just \"quasiquote\" and \"unquote\". A high-level object (such as a Guix package) can be included in a G-Expression; the transitive dependencies of that high-level object will then be automatically carried along with the G-Expression. When the G-Expression is converted to an S-Expression and stored on disk for later manipulation or evaluation, the high-level object will be automatically \"lowered\" to an appropriate representation (such as the package's output path) via a \"compiler\". Compared to direct manipulation of S-Expressions, G-Expressions can provide a simpler and more intuitive way to stage data or code.",
    "lab": "https://guix.gnu.org/en/contact/",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The GNU Guix project invented G-Expressions to make it easier to \"stage\" data or code, in the form of S-Expressions, for later manipulation or evaluation. They are similar to S-Expressions, hence the name, but they provide useful code staging features beyond what can be easily accomplished with just \"quasiquote\" and \"unquote\". A high-level object (such as a Guix package) can be included in a G-Expression; the transitive dependencies of that high-level object will then be automatically carried along with the G-Expression. When the G-Expression is converted to an S-Expression and stored on disk for later manipulation or evaluation, the high-level object will be automatically \"lowered\" to an appropriate representation (such as the package's output path) via a \"compiler\". Compared to direct manipulation of S-Expressions, G-Expressions can provide a simpler and more intuitive way to stage data or code.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "Various",
    "reference": "https://fosdem.org/2020/schedule/event/gexpressionsguile/",
    "example": "(define build-exp   #~(begin       (mkdir #$output)       (chdir #$output)       (symlink (string-append #$coreutils \"/bin/ls\")                \"list-files\")))",
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  {
    "id": "gel",
    "name": "Generic Expression Language",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "textMarkup",
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    "rank": 2970,
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    "pldbScore": 19476,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "textMarkup",
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    "standsFor": "Generic Expression Language",
    "description": "Generic Expression Language (Gel) is a rich generic syntax that embodies many of the common syntactic conventions for operators, grouping and lists in widely-used languages. Prefix/infix operators are disambiguated by white-space, so that documents which violate common white-space conventions will not necessarily parse correctly with Gel. With some character replacements and adjusting for mismatch in operator precedence, Gel can extract meaningful structure from typical files in many languages, including Java, CSS, Smalltalk, and ANTLR grammars. This evaluation shows the expressive power of Gel, not that Gel can be used as a parser for existing languages. Gel is intended to serve as a generic language for creating composable domainspecific languages.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Generic Expression Language (Gel) is a rich generic syntax that embodies many of the common syntactic conventions for operators, grouping and lists in widely-used languages. Prefix/infix operators are disambiguated by white-space, so that documents which violate common white-space conventions will not necessarily parse correctly with Gel. With some character replacements and adjusting for mismatch in operator precedence, Gel can extract meaningful structure from typical files in many languages, including Java, CSS, Smalltalk, and ANTLR grammars. This evaluation shows the expressive power of Gel, not that Gel can be used as a parser for existing languages. Gel is intended to serve as a generic language for creating composable domainspecific languages.",
    "lab": "University of Texas at Austin",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Generic Expression Language (Gel) is a rich generic syntax that embodies many of the common syntactic conventions for operators, grouping and lists in widely-used languages. Prefix/infix operators are disambiguated by white-space, so that documents which violate common white-space conventions will not necessarily parse correctly with Gel. With some character replacements and adjusting for mismatch in operator precedence, Gel can extract meaningful structure from typical files in many languages, including Java, CSS, Smalltalk, and ANTLR grammars. This evaluation shows the expressive power of Gel, not that Gel can be used as a parser for existing languages. Gel is intended to serve as a generic language for creating composable domainspecific languages.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wordRank": 6042,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.cs.utexas.edu/~wcook/Drafts/2008/gel.pdf",
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  {
    "id": "genero",
    "name": "Genero Business Development Language",
    "appeared": 2010,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2971,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19476,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubBigQuery_users": 2,
    "githubBigQuery_repos": 14,
    "githubLanguage_repos": 52,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "text",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.genero",
    "githubLanguage_type": "programming",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "Genero Business Development Language (BDL) is a program language designed to write an interactive database application.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Genero Business Development Language (BDL) is a program language designed to write an interactive database application.",
    "lab": "Four Js Development Tools Inc",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Genero Business Development Language (BDL) is a program language designed to write an interactive database application.",
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "4gl",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.generomobile.com/techdocs/fjs-fgl-manual/#fgl-topics/c_fgl_intro_BDL_002.html",
    "example": "OPTIONS SHORT CIRCUIT IMPORT FGL cust_data SCHEMA stores  PRIVATE CONSTANT c_title = \"Customer data form\" PUBLIC TYPE t_cust RECORD LIKE customer.* PRIVATE DEFINE cust_arr DYNAMIC ARRAY OF t_cust  MAIN     ... END MAIN  DIALOG cust_dlg()     INPUT BY NAME cust_rec.*        ...     END INPUT END DIALOG  FUNCTION cust_display()    ... END FUNCTION  FUNCTION cust_input()    ... END FUNCTION  REPORT cust_rep(row)    ... END REPORT",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "githubBigQuery": "Genero",
    "githubLanguage": "Genero"
  },
  {
    "id": "hmmm",
    "name": "HMMM",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "assembly",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2972,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19476,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "assembly",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Harvey Mudd Miniature Machine",
    "description": "Hmmm (Harvey Mudd Miniature Machine) is a 16-bit, 23-instruction simulated assembly language with 28=256 16-bit words of memory.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Hmmm (Harvey Mudd Miniature Machine) is a 16-bit, 23-instruction simulated assembly language with 28=256 16-bit words of memory.",
    "lab": "Harvey Mudd College",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Hmmm (Harvey Mudd Miniature Machine) is a 16-bit, 23-instruction simulated assembly language with 28=256 16-bit words of memory.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://web.cs.hacettepe.edu.tr/~bbm101/fall17/files/Hmmm.pdf",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/hmmm",
    "rijuRepl_example": " 0 setn r1, 72  1 write r1  2 setn r1, 101  3 write r1  4 setn r1, 108  5 write r1  6 setn r1, 108  7 write r1  8 setn r1, 111  9 write r1 10 setn r1, 44 11 write r1 12 setn r1, 32 13 write r1 14 setn r1, 119 15 write r1 16 setn r1, 111 17 write r1 18 setn r1, 114 19 write r1 20 setn r1, 108 21 write r1 22 setn r1, 100 23 write r1 24 setn r1, 33 25 write r1 26 setn r1, 10 27 write r1 28 halt",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "inquire",
    "name": "INQUIRE",
    "appeared": 1969,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2973,
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    "hoplId": 4525,
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    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
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    "lab": "IBM",
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    "wordRank": 8951,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/history-cics-transaction-server",
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  {
    "id": "jacl",
    "name": "JACL",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "creators": "Ioi K. Lam and Brian Smith",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2974,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "description": "Jacl, pronunced “Jackal”, is a Tcl interpreter written in Java. You can use it for Java the same way Tcl is used for C — a scripting language to glue together modules written in a low level language.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Jacl, pronunced “Jackal”, is a Tcl interpreter written in Java. You can use it for Java the same way Tcl is used for C — a scripting language to glue together modules written in a low level language.",
    "lab": "http://www.brainbyte.de/",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Jacl, pronunced “Jackal”, is a Tcl interpreter written in Java. You can use it for Java the same way Tcl is used for C — a scripting language to glue together modules written in a low level language.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "country": "Germany",
    "reference": "https://vmlanguages.is-research.de/jacl/",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=8579"
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  {
    "id": "karl",
    "name": "Knowledge Acquisition and Representation Language",
    "appeared": 1993,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2975,
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    "hoplId": 4189,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Knowledge Acquisition and Representation Language",
    "description": "Knowledge Acquisition and Representation Language",
    "githubRepo_description": "Knowledge Acquisition and Representation Language",
    "lab": "University of Karlsruhe && University of Applied Sciences Braunschweig",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Knowledge Acquisition and Representation Language",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "wordRank": 7595,
    "country": "Germany",
    "reference": "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/706055",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=4189"
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  {
    "id": "kb",
    "name": "KB",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2976,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19476,
    "hoplId": 7724,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "description": "A knowledge representation package for Common Lisp",
    "githubRepo_description": "A knowledge representation package for Common Lisp",
    "lab": "University of Pennsylvania",
    "rijuRepl_description": "A knowledge representation package for Common Lisp",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1569&context=cis_reports",
    "example": "(defconcept circle () (center radius))",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=7724"
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  {
    "id": "kivy-lang",
    "name": "kivy-lang",
    "appeared": 2010,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 2977,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "A meta language that look like QML in QT",
    "githubRepo_description": "A meta language that look like QML in QT",
    "lab": "https://github.com/kivy",
    "rijuRepl_description": "A meta language that look like QML in QT",
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    "country": "Various",
    "reference": "https://github.com/kivy/kivy/blob/master/kivy/data/style.kv",
    "example": "#:kivy 1.0 Widget:     Button:         text: \"Hello World\"     Button:         text: \"I'm another label\"         pos: (200, 200)",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasStrings": true,
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "l-expressions",
    "name": "Line-expressions",
    "appeared": 2019,
    "creators": "Jay McCarthy",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "dataNotation",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2978,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "primaryTag": "dataNotation",
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    "aka": "L-expressions",
    "description": "Line-expressions (L-expressions or Lexprs) are like S-expressions, but with more syntactic categories and without as much required notation. Like S-expressions, they mostly lack a semantic interpretation.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Line-expressions (L-expressions or Lexprs) are like S-expressions, but with more syntactic categories and without as much required notation. Like S-expressions, they mostly lack a semantic interpretation.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Line-expressions (L-expressions or Lexprs) are like S-expressions, but with more syntactic categories and without as much required notation. Like S-expressions, they mostly lack a semantic interpretation.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "influencedBy": "s-expressions",
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "reference": "https://github.com/jeapostrophe/racket2-rfcs/blob/lexpr/lexpr/0004-lexpr.md",
    "example": "fun ksum(k, l) :   match l \\     | empty :         ; This is my favorite number!         0     | cons(a, d) :         (a + k * ksum(k, d))  fun timed_thunk(thunk) :   let before = now()   let answer = thunk()   let after = now()   println {It took @(after - before) seconds}   answer  mac timed \\   | [_ e] :       'timed_thunk([λ() : e])",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "loglan-pl",
    "name": "LOGLAN",
    "appeared": 1982,
    "creators": "Antoni Kreczmar and Andrzej Salwicki",
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2979,
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    "lab": "Institute of Informatics",
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    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "country": "Poland",
    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/47f155eaa3f41f9f53995976949bec6c61325439",
    "example": "if boolean expression then  sequence of statements else  sequence of statements fi",
    "bookCount": 2,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2180",
    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\nJanuary 1984|Pa?nstwowe Wydawn Nauk|Report on the Loglan 82 Programming Language|Polska Akademia Nauk and Antoni Mazurkiewicz|9788301053505\\n1990|Springer|Loglan '88 - Report On The Programming Language (lecture Notes In Computer Science)|Antoni Kreczmar and Andrzej Salwicki and Marek Warpechowski|9783540523253"
  },
  {
    "id": "loops",
    "name": "Lisp Object-Oriented Programming System",
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    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2980,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "hoplId": 1042,
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    "standsFor": "Lisp Object-Oriented Programming System",
    "lab": "Xerox PARC",
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    "wordRank": 9535,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.markstefik.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/1983-loops-manual-Bobrow-Stefik-part-1.pdf",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1042"
  },
  {
    "id": "mcleyvier-command-language",
    "name": "McLeyvier Command Language",
    "appeared": 1982,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 2981,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19476,
    "hoplId": 6405,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "Music language",
    "githubRepo_description": "Music language",
    "lab": "Hazelcom Industries",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Music language",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://synthmuseum.com/mcleyvier/",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=6405"
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  {
    "id": "mdd",
    "name": "MDD",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "3d binaryDataFormat",
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    "rank": 2982,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": false,
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    "primaryTag": "3d",
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    "standsFor": "Motion Designer Document",
    "aka": "Lightwave Point Cache",
    "description": "MDD (Motion Designer Data) is a file format used primarily for storing vertex animation data in 3D modeling and animation software, such as LightWave and Maya. It captures point cloud or mesh vertex positions over time, enabling precise animation playback without requiring skeletal rigging.",
    "githubRepo_description": "MDD (Motion Designer Data) is a file format used primarily for storing vertex animation data in 3D modeling and animation software, such as LightWave and Maya. It captures point cloud or mesh vertex positions over time, enabling precise animation playback without requiring skeletal rigging.",
    "lab": "LightWave",
    "rijuRepl_description": "MDD (Motion Designer Data) is a file format used primarily for storing vertex animation data in 3D modeling and animation software, such as LightWave and Maya. It captures point cloud or mesh vertex positions over time, enabling precise animation playback without requiring skeletal rigging.",
    "fileExtensions": "mdd",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "fileType": "binary",
    "reference": "https://rodolphe-vaillant.fr/entry/134/mdd-file-exporter-importer-source-code-c-c",
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  {
    "id": "net-format",
    "name": "net-format",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "measurements": 11,
    "tags": "textDataFormat",
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    "rank": 2983,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "textDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "The net file format is used to describe the axtNet data that underlie the net alignment annotations in the Genome Browser. In 2016 it was revised so that line indentation level represents the parent/child relationship between records and is a necessary part of the net file format. Child records are indented one space from the parent, as shown in the example net file below.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The net file format is used to describe the axtNet data that underlie the net alignment annotations in the Genome Browser. In 2016 it was revised so that line indentation level represents the parent/child relationship between records and is a necessary part of the net file format. Child records are indented one space from the parent, as shown in the example net file below.",
    "lab": "University of California Santa Cruz",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The net file format is used to describe the axtNet data that underlie the net alignment annotations in the Genome Browser. In 2016 it was revised so that line indentation level represents the parent/child relationship between records and is a necessary part of the net file format. Child records are indented one space from the parent, as shown in the example net file below.",
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    "id": "tick-c",
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    "id": "euclidean-geometry",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Euclidean geometry is a mathematical system attributed to Alexandrian Greek mathematician Euclid, which he described in his textbook on geometry: the Elements. Euclid's method consists in assuming a small set of intuitively appealing axioms, and deducing many other propositions (theorems) from these. Although many of Euclid's results had been stated by earlier mathematicians, Euclid was the first to show how these propositions could fit into a comprehensive deductive and logical system. The Elements begins with plane geometry, still taught in secondary school (high school) as the first axiomatic system and the first examples of formal proof. It goes on to the solid geometry of three dimensions. Much of the Elements states results of what are now called algebra and number theory, explained in geometrical language.For more than two thousand years, the adjective \"Euclidean\" was unnecessary because no other sort of geometry had been conceived. Euclid's axioms seemed so intuitively obvious (with the possible exception of the parallel postulate) that any theorem proved from them was deemed true in an absolute, often metaphysical, sense. Today, however, many other self-consistent non-Euclidean geometries are known, the first ones having been discovered in the early 19th century. An implication of Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity is that physical space itself is not Euclidean, and Euclidean space is a good approximation for it only over short distances (relative to the strength of the  gravitational field).Euclidean geometry is an example of synthetic geometry, in that it proceeds logically from axioms describing basic properties of geometric objects such as points and lines, to propositions about those objects, all without the use of coordinates to specify those objects. This is in contrast to analytic geometry, which uses coordinates to translate geometric propositions into algebraic formulas.",
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    "id": "dexterity",
    "name": "Dexterity",
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    "rank": 3002,
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    "lab": "Great Plains Software && Microsoft",
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    "id": "join-java",
    "name": "Join Java",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "creators": "G. Stewart von Itzstein",
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    "rank": 3003,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Join Java is a programming language based on the join-pattern that extends the standard Java programming language with the join semantics of the join-calculus.  It was written at the University of South Australia within the Reconfigurable Computing Lab by Dr. Von Itzstein.",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Join_Java",
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    "name": "ODRL",
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    "measurements": 8,
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    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3004,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2000,
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL) is a policy expression language that provides a flexible and interoperable information model, vocabulary, and encoding mechanisms for representing statements about the usage of content and services.  An example of ODRL policy follows, which can be intepreted as \"John can play mysong.mp3\".",
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    "id": "pascal-mtp",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Pascal/MT+ was an ISO 7185 compatible Pascal compiler written in 1980 by Michael Lehman, founder of MT MicroSYSTEMS of Solana Beach, California.  The company was acquired by Digital Research in 1981 which subsequently distributed versions that ran on the 8080/Z80 processor under the CP/M operating system. Later versions ran on the 68000 CPU under CP/M-68K, and the 8086 CPU under CP/M-86 and MS-DOS. Pascal/MT+, for the 8086, was available for CP/M-86, PC DOS/MS-DOS as well as RMX-86 (a proprietary OS from Intel). Pascal/MT+86 still runs today on even the latest version of Microsoft Windows and DR-DOS.",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_related": "basic basic-stamp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "PBASIC is a microcontroller-based version of BASIC created by Parallax, Inc. in 1992.PBASIC was created to bring ease of use to the microcontroller and embedded processor world. It is used for writing code for the BASIC Stamp microcontrollers. After the code is written, it is tokenized and loaded into an EEPROM on the microcontroller. These tokens are fetched by the microcontroller and used to generate instructions for the processor.",
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    "id": "sing-sharp",
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    "wikipedia_related": "csharp eiffel java",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Spec# is a programming language with specification language features that extends the capabilities of the C# programming language with Eiffel-like contracts, including object invariants, preconditions and postconditions. Like ESC/Java, it includes a static checking tool based on a theorem prover that is able to statically verify many of these invariants. It also includes a variety of other minor extensions to the language, such as non-null reference types. The code contracts API in the .NET Framework 4.0 has evolved with Spec#. Microsoft Research developed both Spec# and C#; in turn, Spec# serves as the foundation of the Sing# programming language, which Microsoft Research also developed.",
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    "id": "xbl",
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    "standsFor": "XML Binding Language",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "XBL (XML Binding Language) is an XML-based markup language used to declare the behavior and look of XUL-widgets and XML elements. Development of the XBL specification was abandoned by the W3C in 2012. XBL was developed by the Mozilla project for use in the Mozilla Application Suite; the language is not currently described by any formal standard and is thus proprietary to Mozilla, with the only implementation being the Gecko layout engine. XBL 2.0 is the latest version of XBL. XBL 1.0 was first developed at Netscape in 2000 and announced in 2001. In August 2015, Mozilla announced that the use of XBL for creating Firefox add-ons would be deprecated in the future in favour of WebExtensions. Pale Moon, a fork of Firefox, will continue to support XBL indefinitely.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "FM broadcasting is a method of radio broadcasting using frequency modulation (FM) technology. Invented in 1933 by American engineer Edwin Armstrong, wide-band FM is used worldwide to provide high-fidelity sound over broadcast radio. FM broadcasting is capable of better sound quality than AM broadcasting (under normal listening conditions), the chief competing radio broadcasting technology, so it is used for most music broadcasts. Theoretically wideband AM can offer equally good sound quality, provided the reception conditions are ideal. FM radio stations use the VHF frequencies.  The term \"FM band\" describes the frequency band in a given country which is dedicated to FM broadcasting.",
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    "creators": "Alonzo Church",
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    "description": "Lambda Calculus is a formal system in mathematical logic for expressing computation based on function abstraction and application using variable binding and substitution. It serves as a foundation for functional programming languages and theoretical computer science.",
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    "id": "atlas-autocode",
    "name": "Atlas Autocode",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Atlas Autocode (AA) was a programming language developed around 1965 at Manchester University. A variant of the ALGOL programming language, it was developed by Tony Brooker and Derrick Morris for the Atlas Computer.  (\"Autocode\" was basically an early term for \"programming language\"; different autocodes could be totally different).",
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    "id": "basic4ppc",
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    "creators": "Erel Uziel",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Basic4ppc (pronounced \"Basic for PPC\") is a programming language for Pocket PC handheld computers running Windows Mobile operating system, by Anywhere Software. The language is based on a BASIC-like syntax, taking advantage of Microsoft's .NET technology, to allow additional libraries, graphical user interface design of windows forms, rapid application development (RAD), and .NET framework compatible compilation. The language implements a unique way of adding objects to a program without being object-oriented. Its advantages are simplicity, development pace and the integration with .NET framework. A special version of the integrated development environment (IDE) allows developing straight onto the Windows Mobile device. With the demise of Windows Mobile operating system and the devices running it Basic4PPC came to the end of its life in about 2012. For owners of Basic4PPC it remains a useful Windows-desktop BASIC compiler as it runs code directly in the Windows environment and it can compile a project to a Windows 'exe' file for use as a Windows program.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 11,
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    "id": "hp-basic-for-openvms",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "HP BASIC for OpenVMS is the latest name for a dialect of the BASIC programming language created by DEC (DEC) and now owned by Hewlett-Packard Enterprise (HPE).  It was originally developed in the 1970s for the RSTS-11 operating system on the PDP-11 minicomputer.  It was later ported to OpenVMS, first on VAX, then Alpha, and most recently Integrity. Past names for the product include: BASIC-PLUS, Basic Plus 2 (BP2 or BASIC-Plus-2), VAX BASIC, DEC BASIC, and Compaq BASIC for OpenVMS.  Multiple variations of the titles noting the hardware platform (VAX, AlphaServer, etc.) also exist.",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 11,
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    "id": "rapidq",
    "name": "RapidQ",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3014,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19411,
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    "wikipedia_related": "linux unix solaris mysql",
    "wikipedia_summary": "RapidQ (also known as Rapid-Q) is a free, cross-platform, semi-object-oriented dialect of the BASIC programming language. It can create console, graphical user interface, and Common Gateway Interface applications. The integrated development environment includes a drag-and-drop form designer, syntax highlighting, and single-button compilation. Versions are available for Microsoft Windows, Linux, Solaris, and HP-UX. Additional functionality not normally seen in BASIC languages are function callbacks and primitive object-orientation. The language is called semi-object-oriented by its author because there are only two levels of the class hierarchy: built-in classes, and user-defined classes derived from those; the latter cannot be extended further. The ability to call external shared libraries is available, thus giving full access to the underlying operating system's application program interface. Other capabilities include built-in interfaces to DirectX and MySQL. RapidQ features a bytecode compiler that produces standalone executables by binding the generated bytecode with the interpreter. No external run time libraries are needed; the bytecode interpreter is self-contained. The file sizes of executable files created by RapidQ are about 150 kilobytes or larger for console applications. RapidQ's author, William Yu, sold the source code to REAL Software, the makers of REALbasic, in 2000.The freely distributed program has been improved and many additional components have been created by an active user group.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 11,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 98,
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    "lab": "https://groups.io/g/rapidq",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 75,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:RapidQ",
    "country": "Unknown",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapidQ",
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    "id": "renderman-shading-language",
    "name": "RenderMan Shading Language",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "shadingLanguage 3d",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3015,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19411,
    "hoplId": 1518,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1990,
    "wikipedia_related": "isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Renderman Shading Language (abbreviated RSL) is a component of the RenderMan Interface Specification, and is used to define shaders. The language syntax is C-like. A shader written in RSL can be used without changes on any RenderMan-compliant renderer, such as Pixar's PhotoRealistic RenderMan, DNA Research's 3Delight, Sitexgraphics' Air or an open source solution such as Pixie or Aqsis. RenderMan Shading Language defines standalone functions and five types of shaders: surface, light, volume, imager and displacement shaders. An example of a surface shader that defines a metal surface is:  Shaders do the work by reading and writing special variables such as Cs (surface color), N (normal at given point), and Ci (final surface color). The arguments to the shaders are global parameters that are attached to objects of the model (so one metal shader can be used for different metals and so on). Shaders have no return values, but functions can be defined which take arguments and return a value. For example, the following function computes vector length using the dot product operator \".\":",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 11,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 22,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 50,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 5405333,
    "lab": "Pixar",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 75,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RenderMan_Shading_Language",
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    "id": "split-c",
    "name": "Split-C",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3016,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19411,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1996,
    "wikipedia_related": "c cilk",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Split-C is a parallel extension of the C programming language. The Split-C project website describes Split-C as:  a parallel extension of the C programming language that supports efficient access to a global address space on current distributed memory multiprocessors. It retains the \"small language\" character of C and supports careful engineering and optimization of programs by providing a simple, predictable cost model. Development of Split-C appears to be at a standstill since 1996.  Split-C is similar to Cilk.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 11,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 12,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 13,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 5472261,
    "lab": "University of California Berkeley",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 75,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~seth/papers/culler-sc93.html",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Split-C",
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    "paperCount": 0
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    "id": "diet",
    "name": "DIET",
    "appeared": 1975,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 2,
    "rank": 3017,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 2,
    "inboundLinks": "cloc dale",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "lab": "University of Toronto && Toronto General Hospital",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "clocExtensions": "dt",
    "wordRank": 1839,
    "country": "Canada",
    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/467c6a614597f2e6d8b3f7b224401bfe95959780",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=7390"
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  {
    "id": "sublime-syntax",
    "name": "Sublime Syntax",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "website": "https://www.sublimetext.com/docs/3/syntax.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3018,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19407,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 3,
    "inboundLinks": "pygments sublime-syntax-test tmlanguage",
    "primaryTag": "grammarLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "Sublime Syntax files are YAML files with a small header, followed by a list of contexts. Each context has a list of patterns that describe how to highlight text in that context, and how to change the current text.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Sublime Syntax files are YAML files with a small header, followed by a list of contexts. Each context has a list of patterns that describe how to highlight text in that context, and how to change the current text.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Sublime Syntax files are YAML files with a small header, followed by a list of contexts. Each context has a list of patterns that describe how to highlight text in that context, and how to change the current text.",
    "fileExtensions": "sublime-syntax",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "related": "yaml tmlanguage",
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    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "openexr-format",
    "name": "OpenEXR",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "binaryDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3019,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19395,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "binaryDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_summary": "OpenEXR is a high dynamic range raster file format, released as an open standard along with a set of software tools created by Industrial Light & Magic (ILM), under a free software license similar to the BSD license.It is notable for supporting multiple channels of potentially different pixel sizes, including 64-, 32- and 16-bit floating point values, as well as various compression techniques which include lossless and lossy compression algorithms.  It also has arbitrary channels and encodes multiple points of view such as left- and right-camera images.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 103,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 353,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 172902,
    "lab": "Industrial Light & Magic",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 535,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenEXR",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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    "id": "alma-0",
    "name": "Alma-0",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.cwi.nl/en/alma/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3020,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19380,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1997,
    "wikipedia_related": "modula-2",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Alma-0 is a multi-paradigm computer programming language. This language is an augmented version of the imperative Modula-2 language with logic-programming features and convenient backtracking capability. It is small, strongly typed, and combines constraint programming, a limited number of features inspired by logic programming and supports imperative paradigms. The language advocates declarative programming. The designers claim that search-oriented solutions built with it are substantially simpler than their counterparts written in purely imperative or logic programming style. [1] Alma-0 provides natural, high-level constructs for the construction of search trees.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 27,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 46,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 933674,
    "lab": "Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 71,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alma-0",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "gemini",
    "name": "Gemini",
    "appeared": 2019,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "website": "https://geminiprotocol.net/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3021,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19379,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 2,
    "inboundLinks": "gemtext susn",
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "Gemini is an application-level client-server internet protocol for the distribution of arbitrary files, with some special consideration for serving a lightweight hypertext format which facilitates linking between hosted files.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Gemini is an application-level client-server internet protocol for the distribution of arbitrary files, with some special consideration for serving a lightweight hypertext format which facilitates linking between hosted files.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Gemini is an application-level client-server internet protocol for the distribution of arbitrary files, with some special consideration for serving a lightweight hypertext format which facilitates linking between hosted files.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "influencedBy": "gopher",
    "docs": "https://geminiprotocol.net/docs/",
    "faq": "https://geminiprotocol.net/docs/faq.gmi",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "tmlanguage",
    "name": "TextMate Language",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "website": "https://macromates.com/manual/en/language_grammars",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3022,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19379,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 2,
    "inboundLinks": "pygments sublime-syntax",
    "primaryTag": "grammarLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "fileExtensions": "tmLanguage",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 11,
    "related": "sublime-syntax",
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    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "abstract-state-machine-language",
    "name": "Abstract State Machine Language",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3023,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19375,
    "hoplId": 3714,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Abstract State Machine Language (AsmL) is a programming language based on the Abstract State Machines formal method and developed by Microsoft. AsmL is a functional language (which are commonly used in academic research).XASM is an open source implementation of the language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 12,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 26,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 5365160,
    "lab": "Microsoft",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_State_Machine_Language",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=3714"
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  {
    "id": "bcx",
    "name": "BCX",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "creators": "Kevin Diggins and Robert Wishlaw",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3024,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19375,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_related": "c",
    "wikipedia_summary": "BCX is a free software programming development application originally created in 1999 by Kevin Diggins.  BCX converts BASIC source code to C/C++ source code which can then be compiled using any one of a number of available Microsoft Win32 C/C++ compilers. For many years, most implementations of BASIC shared a nagging drawback - the programs that users created performed slower than similar programs that were created using C/C++.  BCX changed that by giving users the friendliness and ease of use of the BASIC language and coupled it with the high performance and flexibility of C/C++. BCX is written in the BCX BASIC language, making BCX a self-translating translator. BCX was made an open source project in 2004. Since then, several members of the BCX community have led the continued development and maintenance of BCX. Recent project forks have resulted in variants of BCX that can produce native-code applications that run on Linux and Apple operating systems. BCX contains verbs that simplify the creation of Windows UI desktop applications. Unlike many BASIC implementations that rely on run-time engines, the combination of BCX and most C/C++ compilers produce efficient and performant native code applications. BCX can be used to create GUI, DLL, console mode, and web server applications. BCX can use the Standard C Library.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 23,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 179,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1442891,
    "lab": "https://sourceforge.net/p/bcx-basic/discussion",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "country": "Unknown",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BCX",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "caltech-intermediate-form",
    "name": "Caltech Intermediate Form",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3025,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19375,
    "hoplId": 890,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Caltech Intermediate Form (CIF) is a file format for describing integrated circuits. CIF provides a limited set of graphics primitives that are useful for describing the two-dimensional shapes on the different layers of a chip. The format allows hierarchical description, which makes the representation concise. In addition, it is a terse but human-readable text format.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 36,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4558978,
    "lab": "California Institute of Technology",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "cifFile ::= (blank* command? semi)* endCommand blank* command ::= primCommand | defDeleteCommand | defStartCommand semi (blank* primCommand? semi)* defFinishCommand primCommand ::= polygonCommand | boxCommand | roundFlashCommand | wireCommand | layerCommand | callCommand | userExtensionCommand | commentCommand polygonCommand ::= \"P\" path boxCommand ::= \"B\" integer sep integer sep point (sep point)? roundFlashCommand ::= \"R\" integer sep point wireCommand ::= \"W\" integer sep path layerCommand ::= \"L\" blank* shortname defStartCommand ::= \"D\" blank* \"S\" integer (sep integer sep integer)? defFinishCommand ::= \"D\" blank* \"F\" defDeleteCommand ::= \"D\" blank* \"D\" integer callCommand ::= \"C\" integer transformation userExtensionCommand ::= digit userText commentCommand ::= \"(\" commentText \")\" endCommand ::= \"E\" transformation ::= (blank* (\"T\" point |\"M\" blank* \"X\" |\"M\" blank* \"Y\" |\"R\" point)*)* path ::= point (sep point)* point ::= sInteger sep sInteger sInteger ::= sep* \"-\"? integerD integer ::= sep* integerD integerD ::= digit+ shortname ::= c c? c? c? c ::= digit | upperChar userText ::= userChar* commentText ::= commentChar* | commentText \"(\" commentText \")\" commentText semi ::= blank* \";\" blank* sep ::= upperChar | blank digit ::= \"0\" | \"1\" | ... | \"9\" upperChar ::= \"A\" | \"B\" | ... | \"Z\" blank ::= any ASCII character except digit, upperChar, \"-\", \"(\", \")\", or \";\" userChar ::= any ASCII character except \";\" commentChar ::= any ASCII character except \"(\" or \")\"",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caltech_Intermediate_Form",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=890"
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  {
    "id": "cornell-university-programming-language",
    "name": "Cornell University Programming Language",
    "appeared": 1967,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3026,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19375,
    "hoplId": 283,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1960,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic pl-i pl-c",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Cornell University Programming Language (also called CUPL) is a procedural computer programming language developed at Cornell University in the late 1960s. CUPL was based on an earlier Cornell-developed programming language, CORC.  It was used to teach introductory computer programming classes. CUPL was developed by R. W. Conway, W. L. Maxwell, G. Blomgren, Howard Elder, H. Morgan, C. Pottle, W. Riddle, and Robert Walker.  CUPL had a very simple syntax similar to BASIC and to PL/I. The processor was designed to offer extensive error correction and diagnostic capabilities.  This would allow student programs to execute even if they contained minor syntax errors.  The compiler also included spelling correction capabilities so that if a variable name is referenced only once, the compiler would assume that it was a misspelling of some other intended name. CUPL also offered an extensive set of matrix operations and offered dynamic run-time memory allocation.  At the time, Cornell's computer was an IBM System 360 Model 40 with only 64K of core memory.  CUPL was able to process a large batch of student programs quickly by remaining resident in core memory, but the compiler occupied 58K of memory, leaving only a small amount for the program code and variable storage.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 12,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 29012502,
    "lab": "Cornell University",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornell_University_Programming_Language",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "dependent-ml",
    "name": "DML",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3027,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19375,
    "hoplId": 1681,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2007,
    "wikipedia_related": "ats",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Dependent ML is an experimental functional programming language proposed by Hongwei Xi (Xi 2007) and Frank Pfenning. Dependent ML extends ML by a restricted notion of dependent types: types may be dependent on static indices of type Nat (natural numbers). Dependent ML employs a constraint theorem prover to decide a strong equational theory over the index expressions. DML's types are not dependent on runtime values - there is still a phase distinction between compilation and execution of the program. By restricting the generality of full dependent types type checking remains decidable, but type inference becomes undecidable. Dependent ML has been superseded by ATS and is no longer under active development.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 19,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 35,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1951390,
    "lab": "Boston University && Carnegie Mellon",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependent_ML",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1681"
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  {
    "id": "ella-programming-language",
    "name": "ELLA",
    "appeared": 1979,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3028,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19375,
    "hoplId": 847,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_summary": "ELLA is a Hardware description language and support toolset. Developed by the Royal Signals and Radar Establishment during the 1980s and 1990s. Includes tools to perform:  design transformation symbolic simulations formal verificationELLA is a winner of the 1989 Queen's Award for Technological Achievement.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 102,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 20547508,
    "lab": "Royal Signals && Radar Establishment",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia_example": "MAC ZIP = ([INT n]TYPE t: vector1 vector2) -> [n][2]t:   [INT k = 1..n](vector1[k], vector2[k]).       MAC TRANSPOSE = ([INT n][INT m]TYPE t: matrix) -> [m][n]t:   [INT i = 1..m] [INT j = 1..n] matrix[j][i].  MAC INNER_PRODUCT{FN * = [2]TYPE t -> TYPE s, FN + = [2]s -> s}                  = ([INT n][2]t: vector) -> s:   IF n = 1 THEN *vector[1]   ELSE *vector[1] + INNER_PRODUCT {*,+} vector[2..n]   FI.  MAC MATRIX_MULT {FN * = [2]TYPE t->TYPE s, FN + = [2]s->s} = ([INT n][INT m]t: matrix1, [m][INT p]t: matrix2) -> [n][p]s: BEGIN   LET transposed_matrix2 = TRANSPOSE matrix2. OUTPUT [INT i = 1..n][INT j = 1..p]        INNER_PRODUCT{*,+}ZIP(matrix1[i],transposed_matrix2[j]) END.  TYPE element = NEW elt/(1..20),      product = NEW prd/(1..1200).  FN PLUS = (product: integer1 integer2) -> product:   ARITH integer1 + integer2.  FN MULT = (element: integer1 integer2) -> product:   ARITH integer1 * integer2.  FN MULT_234 = ([2][3]element:matrix1, [3][4]element:matrix2) ->              [2][4]product:   MATRIX_MULT{MULT,PLUS}(matrix1, matrix2).  FN TEST = () -> [2][4]product: ( LET m1 = ((elt/2, elt/1, elt/1),             (elt/3, elt/6, elt/9)),       m2 = ((elt/6, elt/1, elt/3, elt/4),             (elt/9, elt/2, elt/8, elt/3),             (elt/6, elt/4, elt/1, elt/2)).   OUTPUT     MULT_234 (m1, m2) ).  COM test: just displaysignal MOC",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELLA_%28programming_language%29",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=847"
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  {
    "id": "matita",
    "name": "Matita",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3029,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19375,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Matita is an experimental proof assistant under development at the Computer Science Department of the University of Bologna. It is a tool aiding the development of formal proofs by man-machine collaboration, providing a programming environment where formal specifications, executable algorithms and automatically verifiable correctness certificates naturally coexist. Matita is based on a dependent type System known as the Calculus of (Co)Inductive Constructions (a derivative of Calculus of Constructions), and is compatible, to some extent, with Coq. The word \"matita\" means \"pencil\" in Italian (a simple and widespread editing tool). It is a reasonably small and simple application, whose architectural and software complexity is meant to be mastered by students, providing a tool particularly suited for testing innovative ideas and solutions. Matita adopts a tactic-based editing mode; (XML-encoded) proof objects are produced for storage and exchange.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 11,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 7160638,
    "lab": "University of Bologna",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "Italy",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matita",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 1,
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n2012|Formal Metatheory of Programming Languages in the Matita Interactive Theorem Prover|10.1007/s10817-011-9228-z|6|0|A. Asperti and W. Ricciotti and C. Coen and E. Tassi|3e0eac10974ad1e27db2d9ccc9ff4855b239d45d"
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  {
    "id": "npl-lang",
    "name": "NPL",
    "appeared": 1977,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3030,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19375,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1977,
    "wikipedia_summary": "NPL is a functional programming language with pattern matching designed by Rod Burstall and John Darlington in 1977. The language allows certain sets and logic constructs to appear on the right hand side of definitions, e.g.  setofeven(X) <= <:x: x in X & even(x) :>The NPL interpreter evaluates the list of generators from left to right so conditions can mention any bound variables that occur to their left. These were known as set comprehensions. NPL eventually evolved into Hope but lost set comprehensions, which made a reappearance in the form of list comprehensions in later functional languages.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
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    "lab": "University of Edinburgh && Imperial College",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "hasPatternMatching": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NPL_(programming_language)",
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  {
    "id": "pikt",
    "name": "PIKT",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3031,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19375,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2007,
    "wikipedia_related": "unix linux solaris freebsd",
    "wikipedia_summary": "PIKT is cross-categorical, multi-purpose software for global-view, site-at-a-time system and network administration.  Applicability includes system monitoring, configuration management, server and network administration, system security, and many other uses. PIKT consists of a feature-rich file preprocessor; a scripting language; a flexible, centrally directed process scheduler; a customizing file installer; a collection of command-line extensions; and other useful tools. The PIKT binaries are written using a combination of C, lex (flex), and yacc (bison).  PIKT's configuration combines free-form text files, Pikt scripts, and programs written in other popular scripting languages. PIKT is in widespread use at thousands of sites around the world, although its popularity is diminished by the perception that it is complicated to set up and difficult to administer.  Recent changes have mitigated the complexity and difficulty somewhat.  PIKT's user community is low-profile and not very active. PIKT was first released publicly on October 17, 1998, and has undergone numerous revisions since then.  As of 2008, it is still being actively maintained.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 13,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 41,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 13922370,
    "lab": "University of Chicago",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190328003724/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIKT",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "proteus-programming-language",
    "name": "Proteus",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3032,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19375,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1998,
    "wikipedia_related": "c basic clipper unix linux regex csv",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Proteus (PROcessor for TExt Easy to USe) is a fully functional, procedural programming language created in 1998 by Simone Zanella. Proteus incorporates many functions derived from several other languages: C, BASIC, Assembly, Clipper/dBase;  it is especially versatile in dealing with strings, having hundreds of dedicated functions; this makes it one of the richest languages for text manipulation. Proteus owes its name to a Greek god of the sea (Proteus), who took care of Neptune's crowd and gave responses; he was renowned for being able to transform himself, assuming different shapes. Transforming data from one form to another is the main usage of this language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 2,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 18,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 31314339,
    "lab": "http://www.zanella-hifi.com/szp/bugrep.html",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "Italy",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteus_%28programming_language%29",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 4,
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1991|Prototyping parallel and distributed programs in Proteus|10.1109/SPDP.1991.218300|48|3|P. Mills and L. Nyland and J. Prins and J. Reif and R. Wagner|46f2b99c5ea2fea167c53da9e8cbe75c6f712054\\n1994|Specification and Development of Parallel Algorithms with the Proteus System|10.1090/dimacs/018/23|15|0|Allen T. Goldberg and P. Mills and L. Nyland and J. Prins and J. Reif and J. Riely|7f94853a0886c88d4bcde2d6ad4b59ec12662695\\n1992|Prototyping N-body simulation in Proteus|10.1109/IPPS.1992.222981|12|0|P. Mills and L. Nyland and J. Prins and J. Reif|2a8ff885ceacf1cf51a8dc893f843ae2a2b0b16a\\n2010|LED Display Screen Design and Proteus Simulation Based on Single-Chip Microcomputer|10.1109/ICIECS.2010.5677762|6|0|Yanchuang Ding and Jinying Guo|44b0f09274e0d1ac4c327cb54806e7047cfcc4a0"
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  {
    "id": "smx-computer-language",
    "name": "SMX",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3033,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19375,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2009,
    "wikipedia_related": "perl php sql",
    "wikipedia_summary": "SMX (from Server Macro Expansion) is a macro processing language designed to embed macros in web pages. Originally shipped with the popular Internet Factory's Commerce Builder software, it has been ported as an Apache module.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 16,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 56,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 2231975,
    "lab": "The Internet Factory, Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190211060356/https://www.smxlang.org/",
    "wikipedia_example": "%expand% %if(%not(%exists(/tmp/gbook.sq3))         ,%sql(sqlite:/tmp/gbook.sq3,CREATE TABLE guests (name text, comment text)) ) %if(%and(%form(name),%form(comment))     ,%sql(sqlite:/tmp/gbook.sq3,\"INSERT INTO guests (name, comment) VALUES (%sqlq(%form(name)),%sqlq(%form(comment)))\") ) %sql(sqlite:/tmp/gbook.sq3,SELECT * FROM guests         ,<p>%html-quote(%col(name)) said %html-quote(%col(comment))<hr>          <p>          <form action=\"%client-url%\" method=post>          <br>Name: <input name=name>          <br>Comment: <input name=comment>          <br><input type=submit>          </form> )",
    "wikipedia": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200723024240/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMX_(computer_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "ubasic",
    "name": "UBASIC",
    "appeared": 1991,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3034,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19375,
    "hoplId": 1666,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1989,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "UBASIC is a freeware (public domain software without source code) BASIC interpreter written by Yuji Kida at Rikkyo University in Japan, specialized for mathematical computing.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 104,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 108,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1813917,
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "tryItOnline": "https://tio.run/#ubasic",
    "wikipedia_example": "10   CONSOLE:CONSOLE 1,24,0:LOCATE 1,0   20   PRINT CHR(2);\"N\",\"P(N)\",\"PARTITION COUNT\"   30   WORD -19:POINT -8:H%=11:'FOR N UP TO ~1200   40   'PRINT=PRINT+\"PARTN5.TXT\":'output redirect   50   N=0:'INPUT N   60   CLR TIME   70   Mu=PI(SQRT(24*N-1)/6)   80   CLR S   90   FOR K=1 TO H%  100    '110 to 160 is selberg formula  110    CLR C  120    FOR L=0 TO 2*K-1  130      IF ((3*L^2+L)\\2)@K=(-N)@K  140       :C+=(-1)^L*COS(PI((6*L+1)/(6*K)))  150    NEXT  160    'to get A(K,N), multiply C by SQRT(K/3)  170    U=EXP(Mu/K)  180    R=(Mu+K)/U:'Rademacher's convergence term  190    S+=((Mu-K)*U+R)*C  200   NEXT  210   S=ROUND(ABS(S*2/(MU*(24*N-1))))  220   PRINT CUTSPC(STR(N));  230   LOCATE 38-ALEN(S):PRINT S  240   IF N<1000:INC N:GOTO 70  250   Tt=TIME1000:PRINT=PRINT:PRINT Tt/1000  260   '~1.7% faster if N,K,L changed to N%,K%,L%",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UBASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1666"
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  {
    "id": "arc-isa",
    "name": "ARC processor",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "isa",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3035,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19371,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "isa",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
    "wikipedia_summary": "ARC (Argonaut RISC Core) embedded processors are a family of 32-bit CPUs originally designed by ARC International. They are widely used in SoC devices for storage, home, mobile, automotive, and Internet of Things applications. ARC processors have been licensed by more than 200 organizations and are shipped in more than 1.5 billion products per year. ARC processors are now part of the Synopsys DesignWare series, and can be optimized for a wide range of uses. Designers can differentiate their products by using patented configuration technology to tailor each ARC processor instance to meet specific performance, power and area requirements. The ARC processors are also extendable, allowing designers to add their own custom instructions that can significantly increase performance or reduce power consumption. ARC processors are RISC processors, and employ the 16-/32-bit ARCompact instruction set architecture that provides good performance and code density for embedded and host SoC applications. The processors are synthesizable and can be implemented in any foundry or process, and are supported by a complete suite of development tools. Configuration of the ARC processors occurs at design time, using the ARChitect processor configurator. The core was designed to be extensible. Unlike most embedded microprocessors, extra instructions, registers and functionality can be added, in a modular fashion. Customers analyse the task, break down the operations, and then choose the appropriate extensions, or develop their own, to create their own custom microprocessor. They might optimise for speed, energy efficiency or code density. Extensions can include, for example, an MMU, a fast multiplier–accumulator, a USB Host, a Viterbi path decoder, or a user's proprietary RTL functions. The ARC concept was developed initially within Argonaut Games through a series of 3D pipeline development projects starting with the Super FX chip for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. In 1995, Argonaut was split into Argonaut Technologies Limited (ATL), which had a variety of technology projects, and Argonaut Software Limited (ASL). At the start of 1996, the General Manager of Argonaut, John Edelson, started reducing ATL projects such as BRender and motion capture and investing in the development of the ARC concept. In 1997, following investment by Apax Partners, ATL became ARC International and totally independent from Argonaut Games. Prior to their initial public offering on the London Stock Exchange, underwritten by Goldman Sachs and five other investment banks, three related technology companies were acquired: Metaware in Santa Cruz, California (development and modeling software), VAutomation in Nashua, New Hampshire (peripheral semiconductor IP), and Precise Software in Nepean, Ontario (RTOS).",
    "wikipedia_created": 2015,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 97,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 139,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 38,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 45245980,
    "lab": "ARC International PLC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 505,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "fileType": "na",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARC_(processor)",
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  {
    "id": "cish",
    "name": "Cish",
    "appeared": 2022,
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3036,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19362,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 2,
    "inboundLinks": "superforth superforth",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "oldName": "SuperForth",
    "description": "Cish",
    "githubRepo_description": "Cish",
    "lab": "https://github.com/TheRealMichaelWang",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Cish",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://reddit.com/r/ProgrammingLanguages/comments/vgbtmd/superforth_v11/",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "arabic-numerals",
    "name": "Hindu-Arabic numeral system",
    "appeared": 825,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "numeralSystem",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3037,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19360,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "numeralSystem",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1969,
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Hindu–Arabic numeral system or Indo-Arabic numeral system  (also called the Arabic numeral system or Hindu numeral system) is a positional decimal numeral system, and is the most common system for the symbolic representation of numbers in the world.  It was invented between the 1st and 4th centuries by Indian mathematicians. The system was adopted in Arabic mathematics by the 9th century. Influential were the books of Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī (On the Calculation with Hindu Numerals, c. 825) and Al-Kindi (On the Use of the Hindu Numerals, c. 830).  The system later spread to medieval Europe by the High Middle Ages. The system is based upon ten (originally nine) glyphs. The symbols (glyphs) used to represent the system are in principle independent of the system itself. The glyphs in actual use are descended from Brahmi numerals and have split into various typographical variants since the Middle Ages. These symbol sets can be divided into three main families: Western Arabic numerals used in the Greater Maghreb and in Europe, Eastern Arabic numerals (also called \"Indic numerals\") used in the Middle East, and the Indian numerals used in the Indian subcontinent.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 656,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 3300,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu–Arabic_numeral_system",
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    "id": "nios",
    "name": "Nios II",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "isa",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3038,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19353,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_related": "c eclipse-editor linux",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Nios II is a 32-bit embedded-processor architecture designed specifically for the Altera family of FPGAs. Nios II incorporates many enhancements over the original Nios architecture, making it more suitable for a wider range of embedded computing applications, from DSP to system-control. Nios II is comparable to MicroBlaze, a competing softcore CPU for the Xilinx family of FPGA. Unlike Microblaze, Nios II is licensable for standard-cell ASICs through a third-party IP provider, Synopsys Designware. Through the Designware license, designers can port Nios-based designs from an FPGA-platform to a mass production ASIC-device. Nios II is a successor to Altera's first configurable 16-bit embedded processor Nios.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 93,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 157,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 1583721,
    "lab": "Altera",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 485,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "fileType": "na",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nios_II",
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  {
    "id": "subtext",
    "name": "Subtext",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://www.subtext-lang.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3039,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19333,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "domainName_registered": 2009,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2005,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Subtext is a moderately visual programming language and environment, for writing application software. It is an experimental, research attempt to develop a new programming model, called Example Centric Programming, by treating copied blocks as first class prototypes, for program structure. It uses live text, similar to what occurs in spreadsheets as users update cells, for frequent feedback. It is intended to eventually be developed enough to become a practical language for daily use. It is planned to be open software; the license is not yet determined. Subtext was created by Jonathan Edwards who submitted a paper on the language to OOPSLA. It was accepted as part of the 2005 conference.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 66,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtext_(programming_language)",
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  {
    "id": "zeta",
    "name": "Zeta",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "creators": "Russ Cox and Tom Bergan† and Austin T. Clements and Frans Kaashoek and Eddie Kohler",
    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 1,
    "rank": 3040,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 19328,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "xoc-compiler",
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    "description": "A prototype implementation of xoc in zeta, a C-like interpreted procedural language with first-class functions. Zeta makes writing extensions easier than standard C, although extension writers must adjust to a slightly different language. Our implementation runs zeta using a bytecode interpreter and is therefore limited in its performance; we plan to replace the bytecode interpreter with compilation to machine code, which should reduce the compilation time for a large program from tens of seconds to a fraction of a second.",
    "githubRepo_description": "A prototype implementation of xoc in zeta, a C-like interpreted procedural language with first-class functions. Zeta makes writing extensions easier than standard C, although extension writers must adjust to a slightly different language. Our implementation runs zeta using a bytecode interpreter and is therefore limited in its performance; we plan to replace the bytecode interpreter with compilation to machine code, which should reduce the compilation time for a large program from tens of seconds to a fraction of a second.",
    "lab": "MIT && UCLA",
    "rijuRepl_description": "A prototype implementation of xoc in zeta, a C-like interpreted procedural language with first-class functions. Zeta makes writing extensions easier than standard C, although extension writers must adjust to a slightly different language. Our implementation runs zeta using a bytecode interpreter and is therefore limited in its performance; we plan to replace the bytecode interpreter with compilation to machine code, which should reduce the compilation time for a large program from tens of seconds to a fraction of a second.",
    "writtenIn": "cpp",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "reference": "https://swtch.com/~rsc/papers/xoc-asplos2008.pdf",
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  {
    "id": "abcl",
    "name": "Actor-Based Concurrent Language",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3041,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19327,
    "hoplId": 1779,
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    "standsFor": "Actor-Based Concurrent Language",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1986,
    "wikipedia_related": "common-lisp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Actor-Based Concurrent Language (ABCL) is a family of programming languages, developed in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
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    "lab": "University of Tokyo",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor-Based_Concurrent_Language",
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    "id": "arith-matic",
    "name": "ARITH-MATIC",
    "appeared": 1954,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3042,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19327,
    "hoplId": 1833,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1955,
    "wikipedia_summary": "You may have been looking for arithmetic, a branch of mathematics.ARITH-MATIC is an extension of Grace Hopper's  A-2 programming language, developed around 1955. ARITH-MATIC was originally known as A-3, but was renamed by the marketing department of Remington Rand UNIVAC.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
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    "id": "cal",
    "name": "CAL Actor Language",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3043,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19327,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_summary": "CAL (the Cal Actor Language) is a high-level programming language for writing (dataflow) actors, which are stateful operators that transform input streams of data objects (tokens) into output streams. CAL has been compiled to a variety of target platforms, including single-core processors, multicore processors, and programmable hardware. It has been used in several application areas, including video and processing, compression and cryptography. The MPEG Reconfigurable Video Coding (RVC) working group has adopted CAL as part of their standardization efforts.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
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    "lab": "University of California Berkeley",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://ptolemy.berkeley.edu/projects/embedded/caltrop/language.html",
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    "id": "edinburgh-imp",
    "name": "Edinburgh IMP",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3044,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19327,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2002,
    "wikipedia_related": "algol imp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Edinburgh IMP is a development of ATLAS Autocode, initially developed around 1966-1969 at Edinburgh University, Scotland.  IMP was a general-purpose programming language which was used heavily for systems programming. Expressively, IMP is extremely similar to Algol and includes all the Algol-style block structure, reserved keywords, and datatypes such as arrays and records.  It adds to Algol-style languages a string type (akin to a flex array of char) and built-in operators for string manipulation and character handling. IMP provides significant control over the storage mapping of data, plus commands for addressing within parts of words.  Most IMP compilers offer compiler-generated run-time checks and a backtrace facility by default, even in production code. IMP allows the programmer to inline machine language instructions in the IMP source code. Early IMP compilers were developed for the English Electric KDF9,  ICL System 4, UNIVAC 1108, IBM 360, DEC PDP-9, DEC PDP-15 and CTL Modular One computers. IMP was used to implement the EMAS operating system.  In later years a version of IMP called IMP77 was developed by Peter Robertson within the Computer Science department at Edinburgh which was a portable compiler that brought IMP to even more platforms.  In 2002 the IMP77 language was resurrected by the Edinburgh Computer History Project for Intel x86 hardware running DOS, Windows and Linux and is once again in use by Edinburgh graduates and ex-pats. The diverged IMP and IMP77 were later consolidated into a single language with the introduction of the IMP80 standard supported by implementations from the Edinburgh Regional Computer Centre.  IMP80 has also been ported to several platforms including Intel and was actively in use into the 1990s. Edinburgh IMP is unrelated to the later IMP extensible syntax programming language developed by Irons for the CDC 6600, which was the main language used by the NSA for many years.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 20,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 953419,
    "lab": "University of Edinburgh",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburgh_IMP",
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    "id": "ibm-1401-symbolic-programming-system",
    "name": "IBM 1401 Symbolic Programming System",
    "appeared": 1959,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "compiler",
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    "rank": 3045,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19327,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "compiler",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The IBM 1401 Symbolic Programming System (SPS) was an assembler that was developed by Gary Mokotoff, IBM Applied Programming Department, for the IBM 1401 computer, the first of the IBM 1400 series.  One source indicates that \"This programming system was announced by IBM with the machine.\"SPS-1 could run on a low-end machine with 1.4K memory, SPS-2 required at least 4K memory.  SPS-1 punched one card for each input instruction in its first pass and this deck had to be read during pass 2. At the University of Chicago and many other locations, SPS-1 was replaced by assemblers taking advantage of the commonly available 4K memory configuration to pack the output of pass one into several instructions per card.  Other assemblers were written which placed the pass one output into memory for small programs.As the 1400 series matured additional assemblers, programming languages and report generators became available, replacing SPS in most sites.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 14654906,
    "lab": "IBM",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "fileType": "na",
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_1401_Symbolic_Programming_System",
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    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "macro-11",
    "name": "MACRO-11",
    "appeared": 1974,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3046,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19327,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "assembly-language unix",
    "wikipedia_summary": "MACRO-11 is an assembly language with macro facilities for PDP-11 minicomputers from DEC (DEC).  It is the successor to PAL-11 (Program Assembler Loader), an earlier version of the PDP-11 assembly language without macro facilities. The MACRO-11 assembly language was designed for the PDP-11 minicomputer family.  It was supported on all DEC PDP-11 operating systems. PDP-11 Unix systems also include an assembler (called \"as\"), structurally similar to MACRO-11 but with different syntax and fewer features.",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
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    "lab": "DEC",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "polymorphic-programming-language",
    "name": "Polymorphic Programming Language",
    "appeared": 1969,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 3047,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1969,
    "wikipedia_related": "apl s",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Polymorphic Programming Language (PPL) was developed in 1969 at Harvard University by Thomas A. Standish. It is an interactive, extensible language with a base language similar to the language APL.The assignment operator <- (or ←) has influenced the language S.",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
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    "lab": "Harvard University",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphic_Programming_Language",
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    "id": "scriptbasic",
    "name": "ScriptBasic",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3048,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19327,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_related": "c unix linux html tex pdf mysql postgresql regex",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ScriptBasic is a scripting language variant of BASIC. The source of the interpreter is available as a C program under the LGPL license. ScriptBasic generates intermediary code which is then interpreted by a runtime environment. ScriptBasic is available for Windows, Unix and Mac OS X and may be embedded in other programs as well. It can create standalone executable files. A runtime library is linked into the executable. It is available in precompiled binaries (setup.exe under Windows and uninstall also supported), dpkg and rpm for Linux and in source code form. The language, the interpreter is fully documented in the Users' Guide available in text, HTML, HTML Help, TeX, texi and PDF formats. ScriptBasic has been developed since 1999 and has reached a fairly matured state in terms of functions and stability. The precompiled version available for Windows and Linux includes a command line version and a standalone web server. This BASIC can be the choice for developers, who seek a BASIC variant that runs on UNIX as well as under Windows and Mac OS X (Intel). The Basic is embeddable with an option to compile your applications to a small footprint executable. ScriptBasic has an open interface for module developers. There are several external modules developed by the developer of ScriptBasic as well as by other developers. These include data base connection handling for various database systems (MySQL, PostgreSQL, ODBC, Berkeley DB and others), binding to the library CURL, PNG graphics, GTK+ graphical user interface, sockets, regular expressions, thread support, data compression and CGI. ScriptBasic also has an open interface for preprocessor developers. These are modules that may act not only during run-time but also compile time, thus making it possible to alter the language. Currently there is a single preprocessor that delivers debugger functionality. This lets the BASIC programmer run the BASIC program line by line, examine variable contents, set break points and all the usual debugging features. This debugger supports not only the command line version but also the web server implementation allowing full interactive debugging of CGI applications in BASIC. The architecture of the interpreter internally is object oriented and provides a clean and well documented interface to embed the interpreter into any application written in C or C++. The whole source code is extensively documented and commented, which is an outstanding feature compared to other embeddable script language implementations. Slides in HTML format with English narration in RealAudio format are also available to get a jump start learning the architecture and module, preprocessor and embedding developments. ScriptBasic is supported by a forum.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
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    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 78,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 60650,
    "lab": "https://www.scriptbasic.com/xxxbuglist.html",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:ScriptBasic",
    "country": "Hungary",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ScriptBasic",
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  {
    "id": "ubercode",
    "name": "Ubercode",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3049,
    "exampleCount": 2,
    "pldbScore": 19327,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leachim6_filepath": "u/Ubercode.cls",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2005,
    "wikipedia_related": "eiffel basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Ubercode is a high level programming language designed by Ubercode Software and released in 2005 for Microsoft Windows. Ubercode is influenced by Eiffel and BASIC. It is commercial software and can be tried out for free for 30 days. Ubercode has the following design goals:  Compilable language—compiled into Windows EXE files. Automatic memory management—memory is allocated / freed automatically, and the language has no memory management primitives. Pre and post conditions—these are run-time assertions which are attached to function declarations, as in Eiffel. High-level data types—resizable arrays, lists and tables may contain arbitrary components. Integrated file handling—primitives for transparent handling of text, binary, CSV, XML and dBase files. Ease of use—language structure is relatively simple, making the language accessible to beginners.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 4269756,
    "leachim6_fileExtensions": "cls",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
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    "leachim6_example": "  Ubercode 1 class HelloWorld    public function Main()   code     call Msgbox(\"Hello World\", \"My first program\", \"OK\")   end function    end class ",
    "wikipedia_example": "Ubercode 1 class PrePost    function IntToStr(in mystr:string[*] out value:integer)   precond IsDigitStr(mystr)   code     call Val(mystr, value)   end function    public function main()   code     call Msgbox(\"OOP example\", \"IntToStr(10) = \" + IntToStr(\"10\"))   end function    end class",
    "leachim6": "Ubercode",
    "stringToken": "\"",
    "hasStrings": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubercode",
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  {
    "id": "interchange-file-format",
    "name": "Interchange File Format",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "binaryDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3050,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19321,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "binaryDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1985,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Interchange File Format (IFF), is a generic container file format originally introduced by the Electronic Arts company in 1985 (in cooperation with Commodore) in order to facilitate transfer of data between software produced by different companies. IFF files do not have any standard extension.  On many systems that generate IFF files, file extensions are not important (the OS stores file format metadata separately from the file name).  An .iff extension is commonly used for ILBM format files, which use the IFF container format. Resource Interchange File Format is a format developed by Microsoft and IBM in 1991 that is based on IFF, except the byte order has been changed to little-endian to match the x86 processor architecture. Apple's AIFF is a big-endian audio file format developed from IFF. The TIFF image file format is unrelated.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 88,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 381,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 66783,
    "lab": "Electronic Arts && Commodore International",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 460,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interchange_File_Format",
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    "id": "graphql-plus-minus",
    "name": "GraphQL+-",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "queryLanguage",
    "website": "https://docs.dgraph.io/query-language/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3051,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19318,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "dgraph",
    "primaryTag": "queryLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "Dgraph’s GraphQL+- is based on Facebook’s GraphQL. GraphQL wasn’t developed for Graph databases, but its graph-like query syntax, schema validation and subgraph shaped response make it a great language choice. We’ve modified the language to better support graph operations, adding and removing features to get the best fit for graph databases. We’re calling this simplified, feature rich language, “GraphQL+-”.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Dgraph’s GraphQL+- is based on Facebook’s GraphQL. GraphQL wasn’t developed for Graph databases, but its graph-like query syntax, schema validation and subgraph shaped response make it a great language choice. We’ve modified the language to better support graph operations, adding and removing features to get the best fit for graph databases. We’re calling this simplified, feature rich language, “GraphQL+-”.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/dgraph-io",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Dgraph’s GraphQL+- is based on Facebook’s GraphQL. GraphQL wasn’t developed for Graph databases, but its graph-like query syntax, schema validation and subgraph shaped response make it a great language choice. We’ve modified the language to better support graph operations, adding and removing features to get the best fit for graph databases. We’re calling this simplified, feature rich language, “GraphQL+-”.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "soulver",
    "name": "Soulver",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "editor",
    "website": "https://soulver.app/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3052,
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    "isLanguage": false,
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    "inboundLinks": "numpad",
    "primaryTag": "editor",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "It's a notepad that gives instant answers to calculations in your text.",
    "githubRepo_description": "It's a notepad that gives instant answers to calculations in your text.",
    "lab": "Acqualia Software OÜ",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "Estonia",
    "example": "3 × 3 120 + 30 June 12 + 3 weeks 100 EUR in USD 30% of 700 $30/day is what per year",
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    "id": "atari-basic",
    "name": "Atari BASIC",
    "appeared": 1983,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3053,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "inboundLinks": "turbo-basic-xl",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1979,
    "wikipedia_related": "atari-microsoft-basic atari-st-basic basic-programming microsoft-basic basic applesoft-basic basic-plus hp-time-shared-basic optimized-systems-software turbo-basic-xl",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Atari BASIC is an interpreter for the BASIC programming language that shipped with the Atari 8-bit family of 6502-based home computers. Unlike most 8-bit BASICs, Atari BASIC is not a derivative of Microsoft BASIC, and differs in significant ways. It includes keywords for Atari-specific features and lacks support for string arrays, for example. The language was originally an 8 KB ROM cartridge for the first machines in the 8-bit series, the 400, 800 and 1200XL. Starting with the 600XL and 800XL, BASIC was built-in to the machines, but can be disabled by holding down the OPTION key while booting. The XEGS disables BASIC if powered without the keyboard attached. The complete annotated source code and design specifications of Atari BASIC were published as The Atari BASIC Source Book in 1983.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 54,
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    "lab": "Shepardson Microsystems",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 290,
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "gfoo",
    "name": "gfoo",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/codr7/gfoo",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2020,
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    "githubRepo_issues": 0,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2020,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2020,
    "repoStats_commits": 233,
    "repoStats_committers": 2,
    "repoStats_files": 123,
    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 1151,
    "lab": "https://github.com/codr7/gfoo/issues",
    "writtenIn": "go markdown",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 19,
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    "country": "Unknown",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/codr7/gfoo",
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    "id": "atx",
    "name": "atx",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "creators": "Aaron Swartz",
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    "rank": 3055,
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    "inboundLinks": "markdown",
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    "lab": "https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-archive/",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "it",
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    "creators": "Alan Perlis",
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    "rank": 3056,
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    "inboundLinks": "runcible",
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    "lab": "Purdue University",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/4c900bab884c013dfd26cb89c168d311785f8561",
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    "creators": "David J. Farber and Ralph E. Griswold",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "IBM System z (officially \"IBM z Systems\") is a family name used by IBM for all of its mainframe computers. In 2000, IBM renamed the existing System/390 to IBM eServer zSeries with the e depicted in IBM's red trademarked symbol, but because no specific machine names were changed for System/390, the zSeries name in common use refers only to the z900 and z990 generations of mainframes. In April 2006, with another generation of products, the official family was changed to IBM System z, which now includes both older IBM eServer zSeries models, the IBM System z9 models, the IBM System z10 models, and the newer IBM zEnterprise models. The IBM z13 is the last z Systems server to support running an operating system in ESA/390 architecture mode.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Thymeleaf is a Java XML/XHTML/HTML5 template engine that can work both in web (servlet-based) and non-web environments. It is better suited for serving XHTML/HTML5 at the view layer of MVC-based web applications, but it can process any XML file even in offline environments. It provides full Spring Framework integration. In web applications Thymeleaf aims to be a complete substitute for JavaServer Pages (JSP), and implements the concept of Natural Templates: template files that can be directly opened in browsers and that still display correctly as web pages. Thymeleaf is Open-Source Software, licensed under the Apache License 2.0.",
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    "id": "vga-standard",
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    "rank": 3061,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2475,
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    "id": "bon-programming-language",
    "name": "Bon",
    "appeared": 1967,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3062,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "description": "Bon was a programming language created by Ken Thompson while he worked on the MULTICS operating system. Bon was named either after Thompson's wife Bonnie or else, after \"a religion whose rituals involve the murmuring of magic formulas\" (a reference to the Tibetan native religion Bön).",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 15,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "marmot",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3063,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 15,
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    "id": "powerlanguage",
    "name": "PowerLanguage",
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    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3064,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19276,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 15,
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.multicharts.com/trading-software/index.php/About_PowerLanguage",
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    "id": "agora",
    "name": "Agora",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3065,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Agora is a reflective, prototype-based, object-oriented programming language that is based exclusively on message passing and not delegation. Agora was intended to show that even subject to that limit, it is possible to build a full object-oriented language that features inheritance, cloning and reflective operators.",
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    "id": "apple-basic",
    "name": "Apple BASIC",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 3066,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1977,
    "wikipedia_related": "hp-time-shared-basic applesoft-basic basic microsoft-basic altair-basic assembly-language",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Integer BASIC, written by Steve Wozniak, is the BASIC interpreter of the Apple I and original Apple II computers. Originally available on cassette, then included in ROM on the original Apple II computer at release in 1977, it was the first version of BASIC used by many early home computer owners.Integer BASIC was phased out in favor of Applesoft BASIC starting with the Apple II Plus in 1979. This was a licensed but modified version of Microsoft BASIC, which included the floating point support missing in Integer BASIC.",
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    "id": "beta-basic",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3067,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_related": "sinclair-basic bbc-basic sam-coupe",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Beta BASIC is a BASIC interpreter for the Sinclair Research ZX Spectrum microcomputer, written by Dr Andy Wright in 1983 and sold by his one-man software house BetaSoft. BetaSoft also produced a regular newsletter/magazine, BetaNews. Originally it started as a BASIC toolkit but over time it grew into a full replacement.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "daml-oil",
    "name": "DAML+OIL",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3068,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "hoplId": 7646,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2006,
    "wikipedia_related": "owl",
    "wikipedia_summary": "DAML+OIL is a successor language to DAML and OIL that combines features of both. In turn, it was superseded by Web Ontology Language (OWL). DAML stands for DARPA Agent Markup Language. OIL stands for Ontology Inference Layer or Ontology Interchange Language. The DAML program ended in early 2006.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
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    "lab": "DARPA",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DAML+OIL",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "eumel",
    "name": "EUMEL",
    "appeared": 1979,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3069,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1979,
    "wikipedia_related": "elan powerpc",
    "wikipedia_summary": "EUMEL (pronounced oimel for Extendable Multi User Microprocessor ELAN System and also known as L2 for Liedtke 2) is an operating system which began as a run-time environment for the ELAN programming language. It was created in 1979 by Jochen Liedtke at the University of Bielefeld. EUMEL initially ran on the 8-bit Z80 processor, and was later ported to many different architectures. EUMEL is based on a virtual machine using a bitcode and achieves remarkable performance and functionality. Z80-based EUMEL systems provide full multi-user multi-tasking operation with virtual memory management and complete isolation of one process against all others. These systems usually execute ELAN programs faster than equivalent programs written in languages such as BASIC, Pascal, or Cobol and compiled into Z80 machine language on other operating systems. One of the main features of EUMEL is that it is persistent, using a fixpoint/restart logic.  This means that if the power fails you only lose a couple of minutes of work: upon restart you continue working from the previous fixpoint with all program state fully intact. This is also known as orthogonal persistence.  EUMEL was followed by L3 and later L4.",
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    "country": "Germany",
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    "id": "lazyml",
    "name": "Lazy ML",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3070,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Lazy ML (LML) is a functional programming language developed in the early 1980s by Lennart Augustsson and Thomas Johnsson at Chalmers University of Technology, prior to Miranda and Haskell. LML is a strongly typed, statically scoped implementation of ML, with lazy evaluation. The key innovation of LML was to demonstrate how to compile a lazy functional language. Until then, lazy languages had been implemented via interpreted graph reduction. LML compiled to G-machine code. LML is also notable as the language in which HBC, the Haskell B Compiler, was implemented.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
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    "lab": "Chalmers University of Technology",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
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    "country": "Sweden",
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    "id": "mapbasic",
    "name": "MapBasic",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3071,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19270,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2016,
    "wikipedia_summary": "MapBasic is a programming language for creation of additional tools and functionality for the MapInfo Professional geographical information system. MapBasic is based on the BASIC family of programming languages.MapBasic also allows programmers to develop software in popular programming languages such as C, C++ and Visual Basic and use these with the MapInfo Professional GIS to create geographically based software, such as electronic mapping.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
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    "lab": "Pitney Bowes Software && MapInfo Corporation",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "ratfiv",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 3072,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Ratfiv is an enhanced version of the Ratfor programming language, a preprocessor for Fortran designed to give it C-like capabilities. Fortran was widely used for scientific programming but had very basic control-flow primitives (\"do\" and \"goto\") and no \"macro\" facility which limited its expressiveness. The name of the language is a pun (Ratfor (RATional FORtran) -> \"Rat Four\" -> \"Rat Five\" -> RatFiv). Ratfiv was developed by Bill Wood at the Institute for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA in the early 1980s and released on several DECUS (Digital Equipment Users Group) SIG (Special Interest Group) tapes.  It is based on the original Ratfor by B. Kernighan and P. J. Plauger, with rewrites and enhancements by David Hanson and friends (U. of Arizona), Joe Sventek and Debbie Scherrer (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). Ratfiv V2.1 was distributed on the DECUS RSX82a SIG tape.",
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    "lab": "Institute for Cancer Research",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
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    "rank": 3073,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1998,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Stratego/XT is a language and toolset for constructing stand-alone program transformation systems.  It combines the Stratego transformation language with the XT toolset of transformation components, providing a framework for constructing stand-alone program transformation systems. The Stratego language is based on a programming paradigm called strategic term rewriting. It provides rewrite rules for expressing basic transformation steps. The application of these rules can be controlled using strategies, a form of subroutines. The XT toolset provides reusable transformation components and declarative languages for deriving new components, such as parsing grammars using the Modular Syntax Definition Formalism (SDF) and implementing pretty-printing.",
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    "lab": "Oregon Graduate Institute",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/A-core-language-for-rewriting-Visser-Benaissa/75ce15a7b728f529205bd10161ac494fd735028d",
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    "id": "tmg",
    "name": "TMG",
    "appeared": 1968,
    "creators": "Robert M. McClure",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3074,
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    "wikipedia_related": "unix pl-i fortran b bcpl yacc",
    "wikipedia_summary": "TMG (TransMoGrifier) is a compiler-compiler created by Robert M. McClure and presented in 1968, and implemented by Douglas McIlroy. TMG ran on systems like OS360 and early Unix. It was used to build EPL, an early version of PL/I. Ken Thompson used TMG in 1970 on PDP-7 as a tool to offer Fortran, but ended up creating the B programming language which was much influenced by BCPL.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2012,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TMG_(language)",
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    "id": "matrix-protocol",
    "name": "Matrix protocol",
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    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3075,
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    "primaryTag": "protocol",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 74,
    "lab": "Amdocs Limited",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 390,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_(protocol)",
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  {
    "id": "textframe",
    "name": "TextFrame",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "creators": "Mark Norman Francis",
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "textMarkup",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3076,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "pldbScore": 19225,
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    "primaryTag": "textMarkup",
    "githubRepo_created": 2008,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2021,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2008,
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    "repoStats_commits": 71,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 13,
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    "id": "whois-protocol",
    "name": "WHOIS",
    "appeared": 1970,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3077,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "primaryTag": "protocol",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1970,
    "wikipedia_summary": "WHOIS (pronounced as the phrase \"who is\") is a query and response protocol that is widely used for querying databases that store the registered users or assignees of an Internet resource, such as a domain name, an IP address block or an autonomous system, but is also used for a wider range of other information. The protocol stores and delivers database content in a human-readable format. The WHOIS protocol is documented in RFC 3912.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 398,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2010,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHOIS",
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    "id": "tap-code",
    "name": "Tap code",
    "appeared": 1941,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "notation",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3078,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19218,
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    "primaryTag": "notation",
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    "aka": "Knock Code",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1952,
    "wikipedia_related": "morse-code",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The tap code, sometimes called the knock code, is a way to encode text messages on a letter-by-letter basis in a very simple way. The message is transmitted using a series of tap sounds, hence its name. The tap code has been commonly used by prisoners to communicate with each other. The method of communicating is usually by tapping either the metal bars, pipes or the walls inside a cell.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 212,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 97,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1080,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "id": "apse",
    "name": "APSE",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3079,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19214,
    "hoplId": 1273,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1988,
    "wikipedia_related": "ada unix",
    "wikipedia_summary": "APSE standing for Ada Programming Support Environment was a specification for a programming environment to support software development in the Ada programming language. This represented the second stage of the U.S. military Ada project; once the language was implemented, it was felt necessary to specify and implement a standard set of tools, hence the APSE. CAIS-A, Common APSE Interface Set A, was defined in MIL STD-1838A. CAIS defines a set of Ada APIs to enable portability of development tools across operating systems. As of 1988, CAIS implementations were under development for Unix, VMS and IBM MVS.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "id": "corvision",
    "name": "CorVision",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3080,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1986,
    "wikipedia_related": "inform unix visual-basic java sql digital-command-language",
    "wikipedia_summary": "CorVision is a fourth generation programming tool (4GL) currently owned by Attunity, Inc. CorVision was developed by Cortex Corporation for the VAX/VMS ISAM environment. Although Cortex beta tested CorVision-10 which was generated for PCs but CorVision itself stayed anchored on VMS. CorVision-10 proved more difficult than hoped, and was never released.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "filetab",
    "name": "FILETAB",
    "appeared": 1966,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3081,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1986,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Filetab is a decision table-based computer programming language widely used in business in the 1960s and 1970s.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
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    "lab": "National Computing Centre",
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filetab",
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  {
    "id": "joe-e",
    "name": "Joe-E",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "creators": "David A. Wagner",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3082,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19214,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2004,
    "wikipedia_related": "java e",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Joe-E is a subset of the Java programming language intended to support programming according to object-capability discipline.The language is notable for being an early object-capability subset language.  It has influenced later subset languages, such as ADsafe and Caja/Cajita, subsets of Javascript. It is also notable for allowing methods to be verified as functionally pure, based on their method signatures.The restrictions imposed by the Joe-E verifier include:  Classes may not have mutable static fields, because these create global state. Catching out-of-memory exceptions is prohibited, because doing so allows non-deterministic execution.  For the same reason, finally clauses are not allowed. Methods in the standard library may be blocked if they are deemed unsafe according to taming rules.  For example, the constructor new File(filename) is blocked because it allows unrestricted access to the filesystem.Cup of Joe is slang for coffee, and so serves as a trademark-avoiding reference to Java. Thus, the name Joe-E is intended to suggest an adaptation of ideas from the E programming language to create a variant of the Java language.  Waterken Server is written in Joe-E.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 35,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 25161339,
    "lab": "https://github.com/davidwagner/joe-e/issues",
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe-E",
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    "id": "sa-c-programming-language",
    "name": "SA-C",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3083,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19214,
    "hoplId": 3572,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2007,
    "wikipedia_related": "sac-programming-language",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Single Assignment C (SA-C) (pronounced \"sassy\") is a member of the C programming language family designed to be directly and intuitively translatable into circuits, including FPGAs. To ease translation, SA-C does not include pointers and arithmetics thereon. To retain most of the expressiveness of C, SA-C instead features true n-dimensional arrays as first-class objects of the language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 8787221,
    "lab": "Colorado State University && University of California Riverside",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 55,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA-C_%28programming_language%29",
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    "id": "zeno",
    "name": "ZENO",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3084,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19214,
    "hoplId": 838,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Zeno (after pre-Socratic Greek philosopher Zeno of Elea) is an imperative procedural programming language designed to be easy to learn and user friendly. Zeno is generic in the sense that it contains most of the essential elements used in other languages to develop real applications. The Zeno Interpreter was designed for use in Windows 95 and later Microsoft operating systems. The interpreter comes with built-in debugging tools, a source code text editor, and an on-line language reference.  Zeno was created by Stephen R. Schmitt and is maintained by Abecedarical Systems.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "babylonian-numerals",
    "name": "Babylonian numerals",
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    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "numeralSystem",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3085,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19213,
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    "primaryTag": "numeralSystem",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1969,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Babylonian numerals were written in cuneiform, using a wedge-tipped reed stylus to make a mark on a soft clay tablet which would be exposed in the sun to harden to create a permanent record. The Babylonians, who were famous for their astronomical observations and calculations (aided by their invention of the abacus),  used a sexagesimal (base-60) positional numeral system inherited from either the Sumerian or the Eblaite civilizations. Neither of the predecessors was a positional system (having a convention for which ‘end’ of the numeral represented the units).",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 210,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 152323,
    "description": "The Babylonian system is credited as being the first known positional numeral system, in which the value of a particular digit depends both on the digit itself and its position within the number. Only two symbols (Babylonian 1.svg to count units and Babylonian 10.svg to count tens) were used to notate the 59 non-zero digits.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The Babylonian system is credited as being the first known positional numeral system, in which the value of a particular digit depends both on the digit itself and its position within the number. Only two symbols (Babylonian 1.svg to count units and Babylonian 10.svg to count tens) were used to notate the 59 non-zero digits.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The Babylonian system is credited as being the first known positional numeral system, in which the value of a particular digit depends both on the digit itself and its position within the number. Only two symbols (Babylonian 1.svg to count units and Babylonian 10.svg to count tens) were used to notate the 59 non-zero digits.",
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  {
    "id": "guix",
    "name": "GNU Guix",
    "appeared": 2013,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "distribution",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3086,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19212,
    "isLanguage": false,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2019,
    "wikipedia_summary": "GNU Guix () is a cross-platform package manager and a tool to instantiate and manage Unix-like operating systems, based on the Nix package manager with Guile Scheme APIs and specializes in providing exclusively free software. Differing from traditional package managers, Guix (like Nix) utilizes a purely functional deployment model where software is installed into unique directories generated through cryptographic hashes. Dependencies from each software are included within each hash, solving the problem of dependency hell. This approach to package management promises to generate more reliable, reproducible, and portable packages.Guix packages are defined through functional Guile Scheme APIs specifically designed for package management. Dependencies are tracked directly in this language through special values called \"derivations\" which are evaluated by the Guix daemon lazily. Guix keeps track of these references automatically so that installed packages can be garbage collected when no other package depends on them. At the cost of greater storage requirements, all upgrades in Guix are guaranteed to be both atomic and efficiently rolled back. This also enables multiple users to safely install software on the same system without administrator privileges. The extra storage requirements translates to greater bandwidth usage when binary substitutes are downloaded compared to distributions such as Debian. If the user chooses to build everything from source even larger storage space and bandwidth is required.  The development of GNU Guix is intertwined with Guix System (until Guix 1.0: Guix System Distribution [GuixSD]), a complete installable GNU system using the Linux-libre kernel and GNU Shepherd init system.The roll-back feature of Guix is inherited from the design of Nix and is not found in any of the popular Linux distributions such as Debian and its derivatives, Arch Linux and its derivatives, or in other major distributions such as Fedora, CentOS or OpenSUSE. The project is coordinated over the Internet by a team of volunteers and is incorporated in the French non-profit Guix Europe with members of the community.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 70,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 247,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 37721889,
    "lab": "GNU Project",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 370,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Guix",
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    "id": "edge-side-includes",
    "name": "Edge Side Includes",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3087,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19204,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_related": "xml ssi",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Edge Side Includes or ESI is a small markup language for edge level dynamic web content assembly. The purpose of ESI is to tackle the problem of web infrastructure scaling. It is an application of edge computing. It is fairly common for websites to have generated content. It could be because of changing content like catalogs or forums, or because of personalization. This creates a problem for caching systems. To overcome this problem a group of companies (Akamai, Art Technology Group, BEA Systems, Circadence Corporation, Digital Island, Inc., Interwoven, Inc., Open Market, whose ESI-related technology is now owned by FatWire Software, Oracle Corporation and Vignette Corporation) developed the ESI specification and submitted it to the W3C for approval. The proposal editor was Mark Nottingham. ESI Language Specification 1.0 was submitted to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) for approval in August 2001. The W3C has acknowledged receipt, but has not accepted the proposal.ESI is implemented by some content delivery networks, such as Akamai, and by some caching proxy servers such as Varnish, Squid and Mongrel ESI, although many do not implement the complete specification. Akamai also adds additional features to the version they support.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 69,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 11,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 100,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 2854471,
    "lab": "Akamai && Art Technology Group && BEA Systems && Digital Island && FatWire Software && Vignette Corporation",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 365,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "country": "United States and New Zealand",
    "wikipedia_example": "<esi:include src=\"http://example.com/1.html\" alt=\"http://bak.example.com/2.html\" onerror=\"continue\"/>",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edge_Side_Includes",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "x-bitmap-format",
    "name": "X BitMap",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "textDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3088,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19204,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "textDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1989,
    "wikipedia_summary": "In computer graphics, the X Window System used X BitMap (XBM), a plain text binary image format, for storing cursor and icon bitmaps used in the X GUI. The XBM format is superseded by XPM, which first appeared for X11 in 1989.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 69,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 144,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1368381,
    "description": "XBM files differ markedly from most image files in that they take the form of C source files.",
    "githubRepo_description": "XBM files differ markedly from most image files in that they take the form of C source files.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "XBM files differ markedly from most image files in that they take the form of C source files.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 365,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "example": "#define test_width 16 #define test_height 7 static char test_bits[] = { 0x13, 0x00, 0x15, 0x00, 0x93, 0xcd, 0x55, 0xa5, 0x93, 0xc5, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0x60 };",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_BitMap",
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  {
    "id": "stutter-lang",
    "name": "Stutter",
    "appeared": 2018,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "esolang",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3089,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19198,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/stutter-lang/stutter",
    "primaryTag": "esolang",
    "githubRepo_created": 2018,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2020,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2018,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 1,
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    "description": "The design goals of the Stutter Programming Language focus on the underlying idea that Stutter Code is a speakable language that contains no special syntax characters that are unpronounciable.",
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    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 10,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "reference": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210708104617/https://github.com/cookiengineer/stutter",
    "example": "let ratio be a Number and set it to 0.37 let variable be a Number set variable to 5  comment add is a method on the Number data type add 12.0 to variable  comment all methods accept multiple parameters via the and conjunction multiply variable with ratio and 1.5  comment results of methods can be redirected with the to preposition print variable to standard output  comment generic calls can be done with the call verb call log on console with variable and ratio   if variable is greater than 2 then   if variable is greater than 2.5 then    call log on console with this is an example  else if variable is lower than 2.5 then    call alert on console with this is another example  else    call log on console with foo bar  end  end   let examples be a Number Array set examples to 1, 3, 7 and 9  set index 0 on examples to 4 push 3 to examples   comment whatever is the string representation of examples let whatever be a String join examples to whatever  comment copy is the string copy of examples let copy be a String Array split whatever to copy   for each examples as key and value do   let temp be value  add 5 to value  divide value by 1.76   if temp is greater than 5 then    break  else    call log on console with temp  end  end",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/stutter-lang/stutter",
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    "id": "sdtm",
    "name": "SDTM",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "standard",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3090,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19196,
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    "primaryTag": "standard",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2004,
    "wikipedia_summary": "SDTM (Study Data Tabulation Model) defines a standard structure for human clinical trial (study) data tabulations and for nonclinical study data tabulations that are to be submitted as part of a product application to a regulatory authority such as the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The Submission Data Standards team of Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC) defines SDTM. On July 21, 2004, SDTM was selected as the standard specification for submitting tabulation data to the FDA for clinical trials and on July 5, 2011 for nonclinical studies. Eventually, all data submissions will be expected to conform to this format. As a result, clinical and nonclinical Data Managers will need to become proficient in the SDTM to prepare submissions and apply the SDTM structures, where appropriate, for operational data management.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 68,
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    "lab": "Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 360,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SDTM",
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    "id": "khi",
    "name": "Khi",
    "appeared": 2023,
    "measurements": 9,
    "tags": "dataNotation",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3091,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/khilang/khi",
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2023,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 30,
    "repoStats_committers": 2,
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    "repoStats_mb": 1,
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    "writtenIn": "markdown",
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    "name": "cytosol",
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    "name": "Texy!",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Texy is a lightweight markup language as well as converter of this format to XHTML, in a form of a library written in the PHP scripting language. It allows the user to write structured documents without knowledge or using of HTML language. Users write documents in human-readable text format and Texy converts it to structurally valid and well-formed XHTML code. Texy! format includes tags for turning off the formatter as well as for direct CSS styling, thus it can be said it fully supports HTML and CSS. The format itself supports images, links (anchors), nested lists, and tables, among other things. Other built-in features include a support of long words division (with respect for language rules), roll-over images, clickable emails and URL (emails are obfuscated against spambots), and an auto-correct tool for several typographic issues: national single and double quotation marks, ellipses, em dashes, dimension sign, nonbreakable spaces (e.g. in phone numbers), acronyms, arrows and many others. PHP implementation of Texy has been developed by David Grudl since 2004. It runs on PHP version 4.3.3 or newer and it can be used in any other platform using XML/RPC service. Current stable version is 2.9. Version 3.0 is planned. Texy! is distributed under the GNU General Public License and New BSD License. Plugins for several content-management systems are included. Java implementation, named JTexy, is under development. The project has its own website with basic description, syntax overview, on-line demo, XMLRPC, forum. Support for English-speaking users could be described as poor.",
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    "id": "cda",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The HL7 Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) is an XML-based markup standard intended to specify the encoding, structure and semantics of clinical documents for exchange. In November 2000, HL7 published Release 1.0. The organization published Release 2.0 with its \"2005 Normative Edition.\"",
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    "description": "File format for 3D Gaussian splats. About 10x smaller than the PLY equivalent with virtually no perceptible loss in visual quality. SPZ splats are about 90% smaller than PLYs, roughly 25 MB versus 250 MB for a fairly rich scene.",
    "githubRepo_description": "File format for 3D Gaussian splats. About 10x smaller than the PLY equivalent with virtually no perceptible loss in visual quality. SPZ splats are about 90% smaller than PLYs, roughly 25 MB versus 250 MB for a fairly rich scene.",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "File format for 3D Gaussian splats. About 10x smaller than the PLY equivalent with virtually no perceptible loss in visual quality. SPZ splats are about 90% smaller than PLYs, roughly 25 MB versus 250 MB for a fairly rich scene.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Instruction List (IL) is one of the 5 languages supported by the IEC 61131-3 standard. It is designed for programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It is a low level language and resembles assembly. All of the languages share IEC61131 Common Elements. The variables and function call are defined by the common elements so different languages can be used in the same program. Program control (control flow) is achieved by jump instructions and function calls (subroutines with optional parameters). The file format has now been standardized to XML by PLCopen.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "An Abstract Agent Programming Language or Artificial Autonomous Agents Programming Language or 3APL (pronounced triple-A-P-L) is an experimental tool and programming language for the development, implementation and testing of multiple cognitive agents using the Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) approach.",
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    "id": "algol-68-r",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "ALGOL 68-R was the first implementation of the Algorithmic language ALGOL 68. In December 1968 the report on the Algorithmic language ALGOL 68 was published.  On 20–24 July 1970 a working conference was arranged by the IFIP to discuss the problems of implementation of the language, a small team from the Royal Radar Establishment attended to present their compiler, written by I.F. Currie, Susan G. Bond and J.D. Morrison.  In the face of estimates of up to 100 man-years to implement the language, using up to 7 pass compilers they described how they had already implemented a one-pass compiler which was in production use in engineering and scientific applications.",
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    "wikipedia_related": "linux quickbasic basic opengl qbasic gfa-basic c glbasic darkbasic freebasic thinbasic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Basic4GL (B4GL; from Basic for openGL) is an interpreted, open source version of the BASIC programming language which features support for 3D computer graphics using OpenGL. While being interpreted, it is also able to compile programs on top of the virtual machine to produce standalone executable programs. It uses a syntax similar to traditional dialects of BASIC and features an IDE and a very thorough and comprehensive debugger. Basic4GL is not designed to compete with programming languages such as C++; it was intended to replace older languages such as QBasic or GFA BASIC. Basic4GL features the usual commands that you would expect to find in a version of BASIC such as...  PRINT INPUT GOSUBIt also includes a few features that C programmers will be familiar with, such as support for pointers, structures and most importantly the entire OpenGL v1.1 API.",
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    "country": "New Zealand",
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    "id": "coffee-cinema-4d",
    "name": "COFFEE Cinema 4D",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3116,
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    "wikipedia_related": "perl javascript",
    "wikipedia_summary": "COFFEE (often written as \"C.O.F.F.E.E\") is a computer scripting language that forms part of CINEMA 4D, a proprietary 3D graphics application. Although presented as an acronym the letters of the word COFFEE do not appear to stand for anything, but are rather a comic reference to Java, a considerably more famous computer language.",
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    "country": "Germany",
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    "rank": 3117,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1991,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "GNU E is an extension of C++ designed for writing software systems to support  persistent applications. It was designed as part of the Exodus project.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
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    "lab": "University of Wisconsin",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "macbasic",
    "name": "MacBASIC",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3118,
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    "wikipedia_related": "basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Macintosh Basic, or MacBASIC, was both a comprehensive programming language and a fully interactive development environment designed by Apple Inc. for the original Macintosh computer. It was developed by original Macintosh team member Donn Denman, with help from fellow Apple programmers Marianne Hsiung, Larry Kenyon, and Bryan Stearns, as part of the original Macintosh development effort starting in late 1981.MacBASIC was released as beta software in 1985, and was adopted for use in places such as the Dartmouth College computer science department, for use in an introductory programming course. In November 1985, Apple abruptly ended the project as part of a deal with Microsoft to extend the license for BASIC on the Apple II.  Although Apple retracted MacBASIC, unlicensed copies of the software and manual still circulated, but because MacBASIC was no longer supported by Apple and not designed to be 32-bit-clean, interest eventually died out. Benchmarks published in the April 1984 issue of BYTE magazine suggested that MacBASIC had better performance as compared to Microsoft BASIC. The language included modern looping control structures, user-defined functions, graphics, and access to the Macintosh Toolbox. The development environment supported multiple programs running simultaneously with symbolic debugging including breakpoints and single-step execution.",
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    "id": "nested-context-language",
    "name": "Nested Context Language",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
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    "primaryTag": "xmlFormat",
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    "wikipedia_related": "xml synchronized-multimedia-integration-language",
    "wikipedia_summary": "In the field of digital and interactive television, Nested Context Language (NCL) is a declarative authoring language for hypermedia documents. NCL documents do not contain multimedia elements such as audio or video content; rather they function as a \"glue\" language that specifies how multimedia components are related. In particular, NCL documents specify how these components are synchronized relative to each other and how the components are composed together into a unified document.  Among its main facilities, it treats hypermedia relations as first-class entities through the definition of hypermedia connectors, and it can specify arbitrary semantics for a hypermedia composition using the concept of composite templates. NCL is an XML application language that is an extension of XHTML, with XML elements and attributes specified by a modular approach. NCL modules can be added to standard web languages, such as XLink and SMIL. NCL was initially designed for the Web environment, but a major application of NCL is use as the declarative language of the Japanese-Brazilian ISDB-Tb (International Standard for Digital Broadcasting) terrestrial DTV digital television middleware (named Ginga). It is also the first standardized technology of the ITU-T multimedia application framework series of specifications for IPTV (internet protocol television) services. In both cases it is used to develop interactive applications to digital television.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "country": "Brazil",
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    "id": "shex",
    "name": "ShEx",
    "appeared": 2012,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
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    "rank": 3120,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2013,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Shape Expressions (ShEx)  is a language for validating and describing RDF.  It was proposed at the 2012 RDF Validation Workshop as a high-level, concise language for RDF validation.  The shapes can be defined in a human-friendly compact syntax called ShExC or using any Resource Description Framework (RDF) serialization formats like JSON-LD or Turtle. ShEx expressions can be used both to describe RDF and to automatically check the conformance of RDF data.  The syntax of ShEx is similar to Turtle and SPARQL while the semantics is inspired by regular expression languages like RelaxNG.",
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    "lab": "W3C",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "example": "PREFIX :       <http://example.org/> PREFIX schema: <http://schema.org/>  :Person {  schema:name  xsd:string   ;  schema:knows @:Person   * ; }",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ShEx",
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    "id": "sox",
    "name": "Schema for Object-Oriented XML",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
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    "rank": 3121,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "primaryTag": "xmlFormat",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1998,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Schema for Object-Oriented XML, or SOX, is an XML schema language developed by Commerce One. In 1998 a SOX specification was submitted to the World Wide Web Consortium and published as a W3C Note. A revised version, SOX 2.0, was published as a W3C Note in 1999. SOX was one of several predecessors of the W3C's XML Schema language. After the publication of XML Schema, SOX continued to be supported by Commerce One until the company's bankruptcy in late 2004. The patents for SOX and other Commerce One technologies were purchased by Novell, Inc. in December 2004, reportedly in an effort to prevent them from being exploited by unrelated companies whose primary business is filing patent-related lawsuits.",
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    "lab": "Commerce One, Inc",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "supertalk",
    "name": "SuperTalk",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2009,
    "wikipedia_related": "hypertalk",
    "wikipedia_summary": "SuperTalk is the scripting language used in SuperCard. SuperTalk is a descendant of HyperTalk.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
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    "supersetOf": "hypertalk",
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:SuperTalk",
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    "example": "#request constants int8 FOO=1 int8 BAR=2 #request fields int8 foobar another_pkg/AnotherMessage msg --- #response constants uint32 SECRET=123456 #response fields another_pkg/YetAnotherMessage val CustomMessageDefinedInThisPackage value uint32 an_integer",
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    "example": "NAME    AGE   COLOR Erica   12    Opal Alex    23    Cyan Nike    34    Red Ruca    45    Grey Or, [{name:Erica,Age:12,Color:Blue},{name:Alex,Age..}",
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    "id": "smoke",
    "name": "SMOKE",
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    "id": "snakemake",
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    "description": "A workflow is defined in a ‘Snakefile’ through a domain-specific language that is close to standard Python syntax. It consists of rules that denote how to create output files from input files. The workflow is implied by dependencies between the rules that arise from one rule needing an output file of another as an input file.",
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    "example": "SAMPLES = \"100 101 102 103\".split()  REF = \"hg19.fa\"  rule all:   input: \"{sample}.coverage.pdf\".format(sample = sample)      for sample in SAMPLES  rule fastq_to_sai:    input: ref = REF, reads = \"{sample}.{group}.fastq\"    output: temp(\"{sample}.{group}.sai\")    shell: \"bwa aln {input.ref} {input.reads} > {output}\"  rule sai_to_bam:    input: REF, \"{sample}.1.sai\", \"{sample}.2.sai\",       \"{sample}.1.fastq\", \"{sample}.2.fastq\"    output: protected(\"{sample}.bam\")    shell: \"bwa sampe {input} | samtools view -Sbh - > {output}\"  rule remove_duplicates:    input: \"{sample}.bam\"    output: \"{sample}.nodup.bam\"    shell: \"samtools rmdup {input} {output}\"  rule plot_coverage_histogram:    input: \"{sample}.nodup.bam\"    output: hist = \"{sample}.coverage.pdf\"    run:      from matplotlib.pyplot import hist, savefig      hist(list(map(int,        shell(\"samtools mpileup {input} | cut -f4\",        iterable = True))))      savefig(output.hist)",
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    "id": "soar-ml",
    "name": "Soar Markup Language",
    "appeared": 2014,
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    "aka": "SML",
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    "id": "sora",
    "name": "sora",
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    "reference": "https://www.reddit.com/r/ProgrammingLanguages/comments/dgs976/cast_expressions_syntax_semantics/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=ios_app&utm_name=iossmf",
    "example": "func get(node: &mut Foo, k: usize) -> maybe &mut Foo {     if k == 0 {         return node // no semicolons, only newlines     } else if let next = node->next { // node->next is a maybe &mut Foo, this accesses the value of the maybe type.         return get(next, k-1)     } else {         return null     } }",
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    "description": "SSL (Software Specification Language) is a new formalism for the definition of specifications for software systems. The language provides a linear format for the representation of the information normally displayed in a two-dimensional module inter-dependency diagram. In comparing SSL to FORTRAN or ALGOL, it is found to be largely complementary to the algorithmic (procedural) languages. SSL is capable of representing explicitly module interconnections and global data flow, information which is deeply imbedded in the algorithmic languages. On the other hand, SSL is not designed to depict the control flow within modules. The SSL level of software design explicitly depicts intermodule data flow as a functional specification.",
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    "example": "a+b*  3.0 * sin ( r + 1.0)  2 * (ifix(c) + blank_coinmon.icount)  name. feldl  name set + [oe, fred)",
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    "id": "stoical",
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    "reference": "http://unql.sqlite.org/index.html/timeline?y=w",
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    "description": "WebAssembly has an S-expression-based textual representation, an intermediate form designed to be exposed in text editors, browser developer tools, etc.",
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    "example": " (module   (import \"math\" \"exp\" (func $exp (param f64) (result f64)))   (func (export \"doubleExp\") (param $0 f64) (result f64)     (f64.mul       (call $exp         (get_local $0))       (f64.const 2))))",
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    "id": "xs-lang",
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    "githubRepo_description": "xs is a dynamically typed, dynamically scoped, concatenative array language inspired by kdb+/q and released into the public domain. The interpreter and builtin functions are written in OCaml. The name “xs” either stands for: eXtra Small or The plural of “x”.",
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    "reference": "https://cryptm.org/xs/",
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    "id": "xtao",
    "name": "xTAO Modeling Language",
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    "measurements": 10,
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    "rank": 3320,
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    "measurements": 10,
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    "oldName": "Joyfully Universal Language for (Inline) Assembly",
    "description": "JULIA is an intermediate language that can compile to various different backends (EVM 1.0, EVM 1.5 and eWASM are planned). Because of that, it is designed to be a usable common denominator of all three platforms. It can already be used for “inline assembly” inside Solidity and future versions of the Solidity compiler will even use JULIA as intermediate language. It should also be easy to build high-level optimizer stages for JULIA.",
    "githubRepo_description": "JULIA is an intermediate language that can compile to various different backends (EVM 1.0, EVM 1.5 and eWASM are planned). Because of that, it is designed to be a usable common denominator of all three platforms. It can already be used for “inline assembly” inside Solidity and future versions of the Solidity compiler will even use JULIA as intermediate language. It should also be easy to build high-level optimizer stages for JULIA.",
    "lab": "https://github.com/ethereum",
    "rijuRepl_description": "JULIA is an intermediate language that can compile to various different backends (EVM 1.0, EVM 1.5 and eWASM are planned). Because of that, it is designed to be a usable common denominator of all three platforms. It can already be used for “inline assembly” inside Solidity and future versions of the Solidity compiler will even use JULIA as intermediate language. It should also be easy to build high-level optimizer stages for JULIA.",
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    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.4.21/julia.html",
    "example": "{     function power(base:u256, exponent:u256) -> result:u256     {         switch exponent         case 0:u256 { result := 1:u256 }         case 1:u256 { result := base }         default:         {             result := power(mul(base, base), div(exponent, 2:u256))             switch mod(exponent, 2:u256)                 case 1:u256 { result := mul(base, result) }         }     } }",
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    "id": "zephyr-asdl",
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    "measurements": 10,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3323,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19093,
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    "reference": "https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/master/Parser/Python.asdl",
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end_lineno, int? end_col_offset)           -- BoolOp() can use left & right?     expr = BoolOp(boolop op, expr* values)          | NamedExpr(expr target, expr value)          | BinOp(expr left, operator op, expr right)          | UnaryOp(unaryop op, expr operand)          | Lambda(arguments args, expr body)          | IfExp(expr test, expr body, expr orelse)          | Dict(expr* keys, expr* values)          | Set(expr* elts)          | ListComp(expr elt, comprehension* generators)          | SetComp(expr elt, comprehension* generators)          | DictComp(expr key, expr value, comprehension* generators)          | GeneratorExp(expr elt, comprehension* generators)          -- the grammar constrains where yield expressions can occur          | Await(expr value)          | Yield(expr? value)          | YieldFrom(expr value)          -- need sequences for compare to distinguish between          -- x < 4 < 3 and (x < 4) < 3          | Compare(expr left, cmpop* ops, expr* comparators)          | Call(expr func, expr* args, keyword* keywords)          | FormattedValue(expr value, int? conversion, expr? format_spec)          | JoinedStr(expr* values)          | Constant(constant value, string? kind)          -- the following expression can appear in assignment context          | Attribute(expr value, identifier attr, expr_context ctx)          | Subscript(expr value, slice slice, expr_context ctx)          | Starred(expr value, expr_context ctx)          | Name(identifier id, expr_context ctx)          | List(expr* elts, expr_context ctx)          | Tuple(expr* elts, expr_context ctx)           -- col_offset is the byte offset in the utf8 string the parser uses           attributes (int lineno, int col_offset, int? end_lineno, int? end_col_offset)     expr_context = Load | Store | Del | AugLoad | AugStore | Param     slice = Slice(expr? lower, expr? upper, expr? step)           | ExtSlice(slice* dims)           | Index(expr value)     boolop = And | Or     operator = Add | Sub | Mult | MatMult | Div | Mod | Pow | LShift                  | RShift | BitOr | BitXor | BitAnd | FloorDiv     unaryop = Invert | Not | UAdd | USub     cmpop = Eq | NotEq | Lt | LtE | Gt | GtE | Is | IsNot | In | NotIn     comprehension = (expr target, expr iter, expr* ifs, int is_async)     excepthandler = ExceptHandler(expr? type, identifier? name, stmt* body)                     attributes (int lineno, int col_offset, int? end_lineno, int? end_col_offset)     arguments = (arg* posonlyargs, arg* args, arg? vararg, arg* kwonlyargs,                  expr* kw_defaults, arg? kwarg, expr* defaults)     arg = (identifier arg, expr? annotation, string? type_comment)            attributes (int lineno, int col_offset, int? end_lineno, int? end_col_offset)     -- keyword arguments supplied to call (NULL identifier for **kwargs)     keyword = (identifier? arg, expr value)     -- import name with optional 'as' alias.     alias = (identifier name, identifier? asname)     withitem = (expr context_expr, expr? optional_vars)     type_ignore = TypeIgnore(int lineno, string tag) }",
    "lineCommentToken": "--",
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    "id": "webrtc",
    "name": "WebRTC",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "creators": "Justin Uberti and Peter Thatcher",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "website": "https://webrtc.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3324,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19085,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "rtmp",
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
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    "lab": "Google",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 21,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebRTC",
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    "id": "iptables-rope",
    "name": "IpTables Rope",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190802032651/http://www.digitage.co.uk/rope",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3325,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19066,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux reverse-polish-notation",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Rope is a programming language that allows developers to write extensions to the Iptables/Netfilter components of Linux using a simple scripting language based on Reverse Polish notation. It is a scriptable Iptables match module, used to identify whether IP packets passed to it match a particular set of criteria or not. Rope started life as a project to make the \"string\" match module of Iptables stronger and evolved fairly quickly into an open-ended scriptable packet matching mechanism.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
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    "lab": "Digitage Ltd",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 41,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IpTables_Rope",
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    "id": "trs-80-color-computer",
    "name": "TRS-80 Color Computer",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "computingMachine",
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    "rank": 3326,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19060,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "color-basic microsoft-basic basic09 c pascal",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The RadioShack TRS-80 Color Computer (later marketed as the Tandy Color Computer and sometimes nicknamed the CoCo) is a line of home computers based on the Motorola 6809 processor. The Tandy Color Computer line started in 1980 with what is now called the CoCo 1 and ended in 1991 with the more powerful CoCo 3. All three CoCo models maintained a high level of software and hardware compatibility, with few programs written for the older model not running on the newer ones. Despite bearing the TRS-80 name, the Color Computer is a radical departure from the earlier TRS-80; in particular it has a Motorola 6809E processor, rather than the TRS-80's Zilog Z80. The machines in the Color Computer line are not compatible with software made for the earlier TRS-80.",
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    "id": "ambit",
    "name": "AMBIT",
    "appeared": 1964,
    "creators": "Carlos Christensen",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3327,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1964,
    "wikipedia_related": "algol-60 snobol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "AMBIT is a historical programming language that was introduced by Carlos Christensen of Massachusetts Computer Associates in 1964 for symbolic computation.  The language was influenced by ALGOL 60 and is an early example of a pattern matching language for manipulation of strings (a more popular example from the same time is SNOBOL). The acronym AMBIT stands for \"Algebraic Manipulation by Identity Translation\", but has also claimed \"Acronym May Be Ignored Totally\". AMBIT had dialects for manipulation of lists (AMBIT-L) and graphs (AMBIT-G)  Both pioneered with data structure diagrams and visual programming as data and patterns were used to be represented by directed-graph diagrams. AMBIT/L was implemented for a PDP-10 computer and used to implement the interactive algebraic manipulation system IAM.",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 30630800,
    "lab": "Massachusetts Computer Associates",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AMBIT",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=194"
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    "id": "jet-propulsion-laboratory-display-information-system",
    "name": "Jet Propulsion Laboratory Display Information System",
    "appeared": 1973,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3328,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "hoplId": 2139,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1960,
    "wikipedia_related": "fortran foxpro dbase",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Jet Propulsion Laboratory Display Information System (or JPLDIS) is a file management program written in FORTRAN. JPLDIS is important because it was the inspiration and precursor to dBASE, arguably one of the most influential DBMS programs for early microcomputers.",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 42,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4459851,
    "lab": "California Institute of Technology",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory_Display_Information_System",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2139"
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  {
    "id": "vtml",
    "name": "Visual Tool Markup Language",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3329,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19060,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Visual Tool Markup Language, a user interface markup language used by Macromedia HomeSite, ColdFusion Studio and JRun Studio. VTML is used for tag editors and custom dialogs shipped with these applications and can be used to extend the user interface and to support additional tag-based languages. It is documented in help files included with these applications or available online, notably in the \"VTML Reference\" and \"Customizing the Development Environment\" sections. Wizard Markup Language (WIZML) is a sub-language of VTML that defines the logic used by user interface wizards and tag editors.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 4,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 14,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 7642484,
    "description": "VTML is a family of markup languages used to extend the IDE of HomeSite and ColdFusion Studio. Using VTML you can define your own Tag Insight and Tag Editors, which is very helpful when developing your own custom tags, since you can simply put the VTML files inside your distribution, enabling your custom tags to tightly integrate into the ColdFusion Studio IDE. As the name (Markup Language) might suggest, VTML is a tag-based language (CFML is also tag-based) and therefore easy to learn.",
    "githubRepo_description": "VTML is a family of markup languages used to extend the IDE of HomeSite and ColdFusion Studio. Using VTML you can define your own Tag Insight and Tag Editors, which is very helpful when developing your own custom tags, since you can simply put the VTML files inside your distribution, enabling your custom tags to tightly integrate into the ColdFusion Studio IDE. As the name (Markup Language) might suggest, VTML is a tag-based language (CFML is also tag-based) and therefore easy to learn.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "VTML is a family of markup languages used to extend the IDE of HomeSite and ColdFusion Studio. Using VTML you can define your own Tag Insight and Tag Editors, which is very helpful when developing your own custom tags, since you can simply put the VTML files inside your distribution, enabling your custom tags to tightly integrate into the ColdFusion Studio IDE. As the name (Markup Language) might suggest, VTML is a tag-based language (CFML is also tag-based) and therefore easy to learn.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "reference": "http://www.ulitzer.com/node/41770",
    "example": "<TAG> <ATTRIBUTES> ... Defines tag attribute properties and behavior </ATTRIBUTES> <ATTRIBCATEGORIES> ... Defines logical grouping for tag attributes </ATTRIBCATEGORIES>  <EDITORLAYOUT> ... Defines the layout of a tag editor </EDITORLAYOUT>  <TAGLAYOUT> ... Defines the tag generation template </TAGLAYOUT> <TAGDESCRIPTION> ... HTML-based documentation for the tag </TAGDESCRIPTION> </TAG>",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VTML",
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    "id": "xbrl",
    "name": "XBRL",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3330,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19049,
    "isLanguage": true,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2003,
    "wikipedia_summary": "XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) is a freely available and global framework for exchanging business information.  XBRL allows the expression of semantic meaning commonly required in business reporting. The language is XML-based and uses the XML syntax and related XML technologies such as XML Schema, XLink, XPath, and Namespaces. One use of XBRL is to define and exchange financial information, such as a financial statement. The XBRL Specification is developed and published by XBRL International, Inc. (XII). XBRL is a standards-based way to communicate and exchange business information between business systems. These communications are defined by metadata set out in taxonomies, which capture the definition of individual reporting concepts as well as the relationships between concepts and other semantic meaning.  Information being communicated or exchanged is provided within an XBRL instance. Early users of XBRL included regulators such as the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and the Committee of European Banking Supervisors (CEBS).   Common functions in many countries that make use of XBRL include regulators of stock exchanges and securities, banking regulators, business registrars, revenue reporting and tax-filing agencies, and national statistical agencies. A wiki repository of XBRL projects is available to be freely explored and updated. Within the last ten years, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the United Kingdom's HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), and Singapore's Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA), had begun to require companies to use it, and other regulators were following suit. Development of the SEC's initial US GAAP Taxonomy was led by XBRL US and was accepted and deployed for use by public companies in 2008 in phases, with the largest filers going first: foreign companies which use International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are expected to submit their financial returns to the SEC using XBRL once the IFRS taxonomy has been accepted by the SEC. In the UK in 2011, both HMRC and Companies House accepted XBRL in the iXBRL format. XBRL was adopted by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) of India for filing financial and costing information with the Central Government.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 241,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 190,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1208715,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1225,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 5,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XBRL",
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    "id": "truck",
    "name": "truck",
    "appeared": 2019,
    "creators": "Anmol Gautam",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3331,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 6,
    "pldbScore": 19023,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/Tarptaeya/Truck",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2019,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2019,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 2,
    "githubRepo_forks": 1,
    "githubRepo_stars": 30,
    "githubRepo_issues": 1,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2019,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2020,
    "repoStats_commits": 82,
    "repoStats_committers": 3,
    "repoStats_files": 46,
    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 1503,
    "writtenIn": "python yaml vim-script markdown bourne-shell make",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 37,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 14,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
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    "id": "alohanet",
    "name": "ALOHAnet",
    "appeared": 1971,
    "creators": "Norman Abramson and Franklin F. Kuo",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3332,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19020,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "ethernet",
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Additive Links On-line Hawaii Area",
    "lab": "University of Hawaii",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALOHAnet",
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  {
    "id": "dash",
    "name": "DASH",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "creators": "Thomas Stockhammer",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3333,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19020,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "rtmp",
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP",
    "lab": "Moving Picture Experts Group",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Adaptive_Streaming_over_HTTP",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "epub",
    "name": "EPUB",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "application",
    "spec": "https://www.w3.org/publishing/epub3/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3334,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19020,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "frundis",
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "EPUB is an e-book file format that uses the \".epub\" file extension",
    "githubRepo_description": "EPUB is an e-book file format that uses the \".epub\" file extension",
    "rijuRepl_description": "EPUB is an e-book file format that uses the \".epub\" file extension",
    "fileExtensions": "epub",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EPUB",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "qed-editor",
    "name": "QED",
    "appeared": 1967,
    "creators": "Butler Lampson and L. Peter Deutsch and Dana Angluin",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "editor",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3335,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19020,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "ed-editor",
    "primaryTag": "editor",
    "isFinished": false,
    "lab": "University of California Berkeley",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 10,
    "numberOfCreators": 3,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QED_(text_editor)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "51forth",
    "name": "51forth",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3336,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19016,
    "hoplId": 5208,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1989,
    "wikipedia_related": "assembly-language forth",
    "wikipedia_summary": "51-FORTH is an implementation of the Forth programming language for the Intel 8051 microcontroller. It was created in 1989 by Scott Gehmlich of IDACOM Electronics (which was acquired by Hewlett-Packard in 1990), and sent to Giovanni Moretti of Massey University, from whom it was propagated widely. The original 51forth.zip package is available from many archive sites, along with several other implementations of Forth. This implementation is subroutine-threaded, with about 20 words written in assembly language, and the complete system occupying a total of about 8K of RAM. It was cross-developed from a VAX to an RTX2000 Forth system connected to dual-ported RAM accessible to the microcontroller. The sources and documentation are in the public domain.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 10,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 35509,
    "lab": "IDACOM Electronics or Hewlett-Packard",
    "isOpenSource": "true",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/51-FORTH",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=5208"
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  {
    "id": "business-application-language",
    "name": "Business application language",
    "appeared": 1974,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3337,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19016,
    "hoplId": 4895,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1973,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic unix",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Business Application Language (BAL) refers to one of many offshoots of the BASIC language and should not be confused with IBM's well-established Basic assembly language. Business Application Language was originally defined by Honeywell in 1973 and the major diffusion was in their system '80-'90 in Europe with the work of French firm Prologue S.A. that used BAL for programming on their proprietary Operative System (Prologue). In 1986 the language was ported to the Unix platform by GuyPes.  The first development environment, named Balix, are distributed starting in  1988 in Italy and France. A different evolution path was made by Prologue S.A., named ABAL, in 1992. The evolution of Balix, developed in Italy, is called B2U (an acronym for Business under UNIX) developed by GuyPes, and are used for a Banking Information System that are used by one hundred banks in Italy.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 32,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 7937393,
    "lab": "Honeywell",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_application_language",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=4895"
  },
  {
    "id": "ceemac",
    "name": "CEEMAC",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "creators": "Brooke Boering",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3338,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19016,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic pascal",
    "wikipedia_summary": "CEEMAC is a programming language developed in the 1980s for the Apple II family of computers.  It was authored by Brooke Boering and published by Vagabondo Enterprises,CEEMAC was designed to be a visual composition language in which the programmer designed dynamic \"scores\" by programatically controlling color, shape, sound and movement. Additionally, a programmer could then \"perform\" their score through use of the Apple II keyboard or paddle input devices to introduce additional variation.CEEMAC syntax loosely resembled a combination of BASIC and Pascal and include control commands such as GOTO, GOSUB, DO, AGAIN, FOR, SKIP, EXIT and loop control structures such as IF/WHILE and TIL/UNLESS. Additionally, 30 predefined macros were included in CEEMAC to aid in score composition.The following is a small CEEMAC sample score: \t\t    SCORE: KT       \t\t\t:FIRE ORGAN  KEY T       \t\t\tSPEED [0,0]       \t\t\t: - BUT 0       \t\t\t0       \t\t\tCLEAR [0,0]       \t\t\tXY1 = $80;$80      \t\t\t: MAIN LOOP       \t\t\tF      \t\t\t:FORGND SYMMETRY 0-3       \t\t\tVC = RND3 ORA 3       \t\t\t: SAVE FORGND ROTATION       \t\t\tVD = ROTEZ       \t\t\t:FORGND COLOR       \t\t\tCOLOR = NXTCOL CEEMAC was originally marketed through distribution of a free demonstration program entitled Fire Organ.  This program contained several scores create by Boering and other programmers to demonstrate some of the capabilities of the language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 3,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 17,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 30646029,
    "lab": "Vagabondo Enterprises",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "SCORE: KT          :FIRE ORGAN  KEY T          SPEED [0,0]          : - BUT 0          0          CLEAR [0,0]          XY1 = $80;$80         : MAIN LOOP          F         :FORGND SYMMETRY 0-3          VC = RND3 ORA 3          : SAVE FORGND ROTATION          VD = ROTEZ          :FORGND COLOR          COLOR = NXTCOL",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEEMAC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "flacc",
    "name": "FLACC",
    "appeared": 1977,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3339,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19016,
    "hoplId": 4343,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1977,
    "wikipedia_related": "algol-68 watfiv",
    "wikipedia_summary": "FLACC is an implementation of the ALGOL 68 programming language. Chris Thomson and Colin Broughton founded Chion Corporation which developed and marketed FLACC (Full Language Algol 68 Checkout Compiler). This compiler and run-time system conformed exactly to the Revised Report, ran on IBM 370 and compatible mainframes, and included debugging features derived from WATFIV. It was released in 1977. Chris was a student of Barry J. Mailloux. Barry studied at Amsterdam's Mathematisch Centrum from 1966 under Adriaan van Wijngaarden. Barry's work on the Algol 68 language established the University of Alberta as a center for Algol 68-related activity. According to Thomson decade later:  You know, we only ever got 22 copies installed, and less than 5 of those in North America.  Even though it ran on 370's under MVS, CMS and MTS, and was cheap and reliable.  Talk about a marketing disaster.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 27,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3508682,
    "lab": "Chion Corporation",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLACC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "iitran",
    "name": "IITRAN",
    "appeared": 1969,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3340,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19016,
    "hoplId": 419,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1960,
    "wikipedia_related": "pl-i",
    "wikipedia_summary": "IITRAN is a discontinued programming language created in the mid-1960s.  It was designed as a first language for students, and its syntax resembled that of PL/I.  The name derives from Illinois Institute of Technology, where it was developed. The IITRAN language was initially implemented on an IBM System/360 DOS system.  In the early 1970s, the IBM platform proved to be too small for the IIT environment and the hardware was upgraded.  A new version was developed for the Univac 1108 platform.  The language itself did not change but with the new hardware, a new implementation of the IITran software was developed. IITRAN was designed and developed in response to the increasing demand for a computer language which would meet the following specifications:  It should be clear, concise, and easily learned, even for those who have had no previous experience with computers or mathematics; It should bear as close a resemblance as possible to the English language; It should be free of awkward restrictions and limitations; It should be consistent with mathematical and logical foundations; It should allow processing of a great number of individual programs in a very short time; It should serve as a computational tool for students of science and engineering; It should process a clear, easily understood, set of diagnostic error messages.(Bauer, p. V) There was a Spanish language version of IITRAN at IIT as well. It utilized Spanish keywords rather than English ones. For example the keyword read was replaced by leer.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 29,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 586692,
    "lab": "Illinois Institute of Technology",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IITRAN",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=419"
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  {
    "id": "jsml",
    "name": "JSML",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3341,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19016,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "xmlFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Java Speech Markup Language",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2004,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Java Speech API Markup Language (JSML) is an XML-based markup language for annotating text input to speech synthesizers.  JSML is used within the Java Speech API. JSML is an XML application and conforms to the requirements of well-formed XML documents. Java Speech API Markup Language is referred to as JSpeech Markup Language when describing the W3C documentation of the standard. Java Speech API Markup Language and JSpeech Markup Language identical apart from the change in name, which is made to protect Sun trademarks. JSML is primarily an XML text format used by Java applications to annotate text input to speech synthesizers. Elements of JSML provide speech synthesizer with detailed information on how to speak text in a naturalized fashion. JSML defines elements which define a document's structure, the pronunciation of certain words and phrases, features of speech such as emphasis and intonation, etc. JSML is designed in the Java fashion to be simple to learn and use, to be portable across different synthesizers and computing platforms, and although designed for use within is also applicable to a wide range of languages. An example of how JSML is defined is set out below:  The W3C has developed a standard markup language called SSML, which is based on JSML but is not identical to it. This became a formal W3C recommendation in 2004.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 11,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 142383,
    "lab": "Sun Microsystems",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Speech_Markup_Language",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "met-english",
    "name": "Met-English",
    "appeared": 1950,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3342,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19016,
    "hoplId": 2233,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1950,
    "wikipedia_related": "cobol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Met English Language (MEL) was an early computer language used by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (MetLife). It enabled MetLife to establish itself as a strong technology company in the early days of commercial computing. It has now been retired and is no longer in use.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 5,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 2261480,
    "lab": "MetLife, Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Met_English",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2233"
  },
  {
    "id": "object-oberon",
    "name": "Object Oberon",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3343,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19016,
    "hoplId": 1505,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1990,
    "wikipedia_related": "oberon oberon-2",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Object Oberon is a programming language which is based on the Oberon programming language with features for object-oriented programming. Oberon-2 was essentially a redesign of Object Oberon.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 14,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1064051,
    "lab": "Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "Switzerland",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_Oberon",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1505"
  },
  {
    "id": "objectpal",
    "name": "ObjectPAL",
    "appeared": 1993,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3344,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19016,
    "hoplId": 2297,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1993,
    "wikipedia_related": "smalltalk visual-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ObjectPAL is short for Object-Oriented Paradox Application Language, which is the programming language used by the Borland Paradox database application (now owned by Corel).  Paradox, now in its 11th version, is a constituent of Corel's Word Perfect X3 office suite, for 32-bit Microsoft Windows.  The language is tightly-bound to the application's forms, and provides a very rapid and robust development environment for creating database applications for Windows.  ObjectPAL is not a full free-standing object-oriented language. It belongs to the family of languages inspired by Hypercard, with influences from PAL (wherever functionality could be kept the same), Smalltalk, and Garnet (a UI language created by Brad Myers).  While its objects do encapsulate source code, there is no support for polymorphism, and only a very limited inheritance concept, which is wedded to objects on a form which can be controlled by code placed on a higher object in a form's object hierarchy.  However, for what it is, ObjectPAL provides a wideranging and versatile language for creating Paradox applications.  The syntax and structure of the language resembles Visual Basic, but knowing Visual Basic would only help someone new to ObjectPAL in the sense that any other programming skill would be transferable to ObjectPAL.  ObjectPAL was the successor to PAL, which was the Paradox for DOS programming language.  With the advent of Paradox for Windows 1.0 in 1993, which was then owned by Borland Corporation, ObjectPAL was born. Version 1.0 was quickly succeeded by version 4.5 that same year. It can be used as such as a web server scripting language when combined with the Corel Web Server Control OCX, which implements a server API similar to the  CGI, and its standalone console, the Corel Web Server.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 5,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 61379,
    "lab": "Corel Corporation",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ObjectPAL",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2297"
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  {
    "id": "pact-i",
    "name": "PACT I",
    "appeared": 1955,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3345,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19016,
    "hoplId": 103,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1954,
    "wikipedia_related": "speedcoding",
    "wikipedia_summary": "PACT was a series of compilers for the IBM 701 and IBM 704 scientific computers. Their development was conducted jointly by IBM and a committee of customers starting in 1954. PACT I was developed for the 701, and PACT IA for the 704. The emphasis in that early generation of compilers was minimization of the memory footprint, because memory was a very expensive resource at the time. The word \"compiler\" was not in widespread use at the time, so most of the 1956 papers described it as an \"(automatic) coding system\", although the word compiler was also used in some papers.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 9,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 2,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 13140102,
    "lab": "IBM",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PACT_I",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=103"
  },
  {
    "id": "ramis-software",
    "name": "Ramis software",
    "appeared": 1960,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3346,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19016,
    "hoplId": 4567,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1960,
    "wikipedia_related": "focus cobol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "RAMIS (Random Access Management Information System) is a fourth-generation programming language (4GL) capable of creating and maintaining databases consisting of named files containing both numeric and alphabetic fields and subsequently producing detailed simple or complex reports using a very simple English like language.  As such it is easily mastered by non-programmers. A typical program - either to create or maintain a database or to create quite complex reports - would normally consist of a handful of lines of code which could be written or understood by non-professional programmers.  \"End users\" as they became known. Such end users could be trained to use RAMIS in a matter of days and so large companies would often have several hundred such users scattered throughout the company.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 4,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 2491336,
    "lab": "Mathtech, Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramis_software",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=4567"
  },
  {
    "id": "smalltalk-mt",
    "name": "Smalltalk MT",
    "appeared": 1994,
    "creators": "Tarik Kerroum",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3347,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19016,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1994,
    "wikipedia_related": "smalltalk c",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Smalltalk MT is an implementation of the Smalltalk programming language created in 1994 by Tarik Kerroum to deal with some of the shortcomings of Smalltalk-80 style of implementations. Smalltalk MT adopts a different approach in that the Smalltalk source is compiled to machine code before being executed. This allows the developer the freedom of working with compiled code without the need for the traditional compile-link-run cycle. This is like a specialized form of incremental or dynamic compilation. Smalltalk MT directly interfaces to DLLs in exactly the same manner as C which allows DLL calls to be tested directly in a Workspace, which allows a scripting style of approach to accessing any DLL based code. For example, one could write in a Workspace the following (single line or multiline, breaking on the '.' character) to reverse the string 'abc': a := 'abc'. WINAPI _strrev: a. a inspect. For 64-bit Windows , try: a:= 'abc'. WINAPI _wcsrev: a.  a inspect. The WINAPI call directly calls the DLL function _strrev natively passing parameters from the Smalltalk environment to the C environment and back. Smalltalk MT has a close integration with COM objects and fully compiled COM components can be created that operate in exactly the same way as C/C++ COM objects. In 1998 David Anderson teamed up with Tarik Kerroum to advance Smalltalk MT into the high performance and graphics areas.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 12,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 9443964,
    "lab": "Genify.com Corporation",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smalltalk_MT",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "symbolic-assembly",
    "name": "SYMBOLIC ASSEMBLY",
    "appeared": 1956,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "assembly",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3348,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "hoplId": 131,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Symbolic Assembly Program (SAP) is an assembler program for the IBM 704 computer. It was written by Roy Nutt at United Aircraft Corporation, and was distributed by the SHARE user's group beginning in 1956 as the Share Assembly Program. SAP succeeded an earlier program called NYAP1 (New York Assembly Program 1), which it closely resembled, and became the standard assembler for 704 users. It \"set the external form of an assembly language that was to be a model for all its successors and which persists almost unchanged to the present day.\"",
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    "lab": "IBM",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "reference": "https://escholarship.org/content/qt4cn1c702/qt4cn1c702.pdf",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolic_Assembly_Program",
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=131"
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    "id": "java-ee-version-history",
    "name": "Java EE version history",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3349,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 19015,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_related": "java-server-pages facelets java-ee-version-history",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE), formerly Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE), currently Jakarta EE, is a set of specifications, extending Java SE 8 (i.e. not based on latest Java 11; while can also work with later it or later than Java 8) with specifications for enterprise features such as distributed computing and web services. Java EE applications are run on reference runtimes, that can be microservices or application servers, which handle transactions, security, scalability, concurrency and management of the components it is deploying. Java EE is defined by its specification. The specification defines APIs and their interactions. As with other Java Community Process specifications, providers must meet certain conformance requirements in order to declare their products as Java EE compliant. Examples of contexts in which Java EE referencing runtimes are used are: e-commerce, accounting, banking information systems.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 44,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 322,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 140,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 42869,
    "lab": "Oracle",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 240,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "@Entity public class User {      @Id     @GeneratedValue(strategy = IDENTITY)     private Integer id;              @Size(min = 2, message=\"First name too short\")     private String firstName;              @Size(min = 2, message=\"Last name too short\")     private String lastName;        public Integer getId() {         return id;     }              public void setId(Integer id) {         this.id = id;     }        public String getFirstName() {         return firstName;     }      public void setFirstName(String firstName) {         this.firstName = firstName;     }              public String getLastName() {         return lastName;     }       public void setLastName(String lastName) {         this.lastName = lastName;     }  }",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_EE_version_history",
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  {
    "id": "apple-prodos",
    "name": "Apple ProDOS",
    "appeared": 1983,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "os",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3350,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 19006,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1983,
    "wikipedia_related": "integer-basic applesoft-basic ucsd-pascal fat",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ProDOS is the name of two similar operating systems for the Apple II series of personal computers.  The original ProDOS, renamed ProDOS 8 in version 1.2, is the last official operating system usable by all 8-bit Apple II series computers, and was distributed from 1983 to 1993.  The other, ProDOS 16, was a stop-gap solution for the 16-bit Apple IIGS that was replaced by GS/OS within two years.ProDOS was marketed by Apple as meaning Professional Disk Operating System, and became the most popular operating system for the Apple II series of computers 10 months after its release in January 1983.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 43,
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    "lab": "Apple",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 235,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_ProDOS",
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  {
    "id": "sam-coupe",
    "name": "Sam Coupé",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3351,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18994,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1989,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic beta-basic fat linux unix",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The SAM Coupé (pronounced /sæm ku:peɪ/ from its original British English branding) is an 8-bit British home computer that was first released in late 1989. It is commonly considered a clone of the Sinclair ZX Spectrum computer, since it features a compatible screen mode and emulated compatibility, and it was marketed as a logical upgrade from the Spectrum. It was originally manufactured by Miles Gordon Technology (MGT), based in Swansea in the United Kingdom.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 42,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 150,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 252218,
    "lab": "Miles Gordon Technology",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 230,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAM_Coup%C3%A9",
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    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "sql-psm",
    "name": "SQL/PSM",
    "appeared": 1996,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3352,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18988,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1996,
    "wikipedia_related": "mysql mariadb sqlpl ada sql sql-92 pl-sql plpgsql postgresql transact-sql",
    "wikipedia_summary": "SQL/PSM (SQL/Persistent Stored Modules) is an ISO standard mainly defining an extension of SQL with a procedural language for use in stored procedures. Initially published in 1996 as an extension of SQL-92 (ISO/IEC 9075-4:1996, a version sometimes called PSM-96 or even SQL-92/PSM), SQL/PSM was later incorporated into the multi-part SQL:1999 standard, and has been part 4 of that standard since then, most recently in SQL:2016.  The SQL:1999 part 4 covered less than the original PSM-96 because the SQL statements for defining, managing, and invoking routines were actually incorporated into part 2 SQL/Foundation, leaving only the procedural language itself as SQL/PSM. The SQL/PSM facilities are still optional as far as the SQL standard is concerned; most of them are grouped in Features P001-P008. SQL/PSM standardizes syntax and semantics for control flow, exception handling (called \"condition handling\" in SQL/PSM), local variables, assignment of expressions to variables and parameters, and (procedural) use of cursors. It also defines an information schema (metadata) for stored procedures.  SQL/PSM is one language in which methods for the SQL:1999 structured types can be defined.  The other is Java, via SQL/JRT. IBM's SQL PL (used in DB2) and Mimer SQL's PSM were the first two products implementing SQL/PSM. In practice those two, and perhaps also MySQL/MariaDB's procedural language, are closest to the SQL/PSM standard. SQL/PSM resembles and is inspired by PL/SQL, as well as PL/pgSQL, so they are similar languages.  With PostgreSQL v9 some SQL/PSM features, like overloading of SQL-invoked functions and procedures are now supported.  A PostgreSQL addon implements SQL/PSM (alongside its own procedural language), although it is not part of the core product.RDF functionality in OpenLink Virtuoso was developed entirely through SQL/PSM, combined with custom datatypes (e.g., ANY for handling URI and Literal relation objects), sophisticated indexing, and flexible physical storage choices (column-wise or row-wise).",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 41,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 80,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 58,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 11665200,
    "lab": "ISO",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 225,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "Switzerland",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL/PSM",
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    "id": "ilbm",
    "name": "ILBM",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "binaryDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3353,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18971,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "binaryDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1985,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Interleaved Bitmap (ILBM) is an image file format conforming to the Interchange File Format (IFF) standard. The format originated on the Amiga platform, and on IBM-compatible systems, files in this format or the related PBM (Planar Bitmap) format are typically encountered in games from late 1980s and early 1990s that were either Amiga ports or had their graphical assets designed on Amiga machines.A characteristic feature of the format is that it stores bitmaps in the form of interleaved bit planes, which gives the format its name; this reflects the way the Amiga graphics hardware natively reads graphics data from memory. A simple form of compression is supported to make ILBM files more compact.On the Amiga, these files are not associated with a particular file extension, though as they started being used on PC systems where extensions are systematically used, they employed a .lbm or occasionally a .bbm extension.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 39,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 152,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 265643,
    "lab": "Electronic Arts",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 215,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ILBM",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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    "id": "moirai",
    "name": "Moirai",
    "appeared": 2020,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3354,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 18967,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/moirai-lang/moirai-kt",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2020,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 2,
    "githubRepo_forks": 1,
    "githubRepo_stars": 26,
    "githubRepo_issues": 5,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2020,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 107,
    "repoStats_committers": 2,
    "repoStats_files": 125,
    "repoStats_mb": 1,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 40482,
    "writtenIn": "kotlin gradle bourne-shell markdown",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 32,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "reference": "https://www.reddit.com/r/ProgrammingLanguages/comments/1cfnb9t/moirai_programming_language_example_service_with/",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/moirai-lang/moirai-kt",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "visual-prolog",
    "name": "Visual Prolog",
    "appeared": 1996,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3355,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18965,
    "hoplId": 3332,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2018,
    "wikipedia_related": "prolog isbn mercury",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Visual Prolog, also formerly known as PDC Prolog and Turbo Prolog, is a strongly typed object-oriented extension of Prolog.  As Turbo Prolog, it was marketed by Borland but it is now developed and marketed by the Danish firm Prolog Development Center (PDC) that originally developed it. Visual Prolog can build Microsoft Windows GUI-applications, console applications, DLLs (dynamic link libraries), and CGI-programs. It can also link to COM components and to databases by means of ODBC. Logic languages are traditionally interpreted, but Visual Prolog is compiled. This provides the important improvement of converting traditional Prolog-typical run-time errors to compiler warnings, which ensures a better robustness of the finished applications. The core of Visual Prolog are Horn clauses, algebraic datatypes, pattern matching and controlled non-determinism like in traditional Prolog, but unlike traditional Prolog, Visual Prolog has always been strongly and statically typed.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 38,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 45,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1741668,
    "isOpenSource": "false",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 210,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "wikipedia_example": "class hanoi    predicates        hanoi : (unsigned N). end class hanoi implement hanoi    domains        pole = string.      clauses        hanoi(N) :- move(N, \"left\", \"centre\", \"right\").      class predicates        move : (unsigned N, pole A, pole B, pole C).    clauses        move(0, _, _, _) :- !.        move(N, A, B, C) :-            move(N-1, A, C, B),            stdio::writef(\"move a disc from % pole to the % pole\\n\", A, C),            move(N-1, B, A, C). end implement hanoi goal    console::init(),    hanoi::hanoi(4).",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Prolog",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=3332"
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  {
    "id": "tefkat",
    "name": "Tefkat",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://tefkat.sourceforge.net/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3356,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18963,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2006,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Tefkat is a Model Transformation Language and a model transformation engine.  The language is based on F-logic and the theory of stratified logic programs.  The engine is an Eclipse plug-in for the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF).",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 4,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 7726497,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 31,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "example": "RULE ClassToTable FORALL  Class c { name: n; } MAKE    Table t { name: n; } ;",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tefkat",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "domainName": "tefkat.sourceforge.net"
  },
  {
    "id": "basic-e",
    "name": "BASIC-E",
    "appeared": 1976,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3357,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18953,
    "hoplId": 1991,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1976,
    "wikipedia_related": "pl-m basic mbasic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "CBASIC is a compiled version of the BASIC programming language written for the CP/M operating system by Gordon Eubanks in 1976–1977. It is an enhanced version of BASIC-E.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 38,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 2,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 6900131,
    "lab": "Gordon Eubanks",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BASIC-E",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1991"
  },
  {
    "id": "batari-basic",
    "name": "Batari Basic",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3358,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18953,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2008,
    "wikipedia_related": "assembly-language basic isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "An Atari 2600 homebrew (short for Atari 2600 homebrew game, where homebrew is synonymous with hobbyist-developed) is a video game designed for the Atari 2600 by an independent developer following the discontinuation of the console in 1992. The first 2600 homebrew was written in 1995, and since then over 100 titles have been released. There is an active community of Atari 2600 developers—the largest among classic video game homebrew communities.The majority of homebrew games are unlicensed clones of arcade games, personal computer games, and games from other consoles, but there are also ROM hacks and some original titles. Several games have received attention outside the homebrew community; some have been included in an Atari 2600 game anthology from by Activision.With severe resource limitations including only 128 bytes of RAM and no video frame buffer, the 2600 is a difficult machine to program. However, tools such as emulators, the batari Basic language, and a wealth of documentation, exist to assist the homebrewer.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 113,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 2,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 28573548,
    "lab": "Atari",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batari_Basic",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "bywater-basic",
    "name": "Bywater BASIC",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3359,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18953,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1988,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic metacomco abc-80 alphabasic altair-basic amigabasic blitzbasic stos-basic apple-basic applesoft-basic commodore-basic asic-programming-language basic-programming atari-basic atari-microsoft-basic atmel-avr acorn-atom autoit b32-business-basic unix linux seed7 gw-basic mbasic basic-ap optimized-systems-software ibm-basica basic4gl basic-11 basic-256 basic-e hp-basic-for-openvms basic-plus rocky-mountain-basic basic09 basicode visual-basic batari-basic bbc-basic c business-basic bcx beta-basic sinclair-basic blitz3d blitzplus opengl reverse-polish-notation tiny-basic bywater-basic ca-realizer casio-basic cbasic chinese-basic chipmunk-basic color-basic trs-80-color-computer microsoft-basic creative-basic darkbasic dartmouth-basic data-general-business-basic freebasic quickbasic futurebasic galaksija-basic gambas gfa-basic glbasic graphics-basic pic-microcontroller high-tech-basic hp-time-shared-basic winwrap-basic music-sp integer-basic liberty-basic locomotive-basic lotusscript ios macbasic mai-basic-four mallard-basic mapbasic microsoft-macro-assembler microsoft-small-basic monkey morfik msx-basic northstar-basic x86-isa ns-basic opl owbasic parrot-basic parrot-vm pbasic basic-stamp phoenix-object-basic pick-operating-system powerbasic providex purebasic qb64 qbasic rapidq solaris sparc android xojo run-basic sam-coupe sbasic scriptbasic sdlbasic wxbasic simons-basic smallbasic southampton-basic-system ibm-rational-sqabasic staroffice-basic superbasic arduino theos-multi-user-basic thinbasic ti-basic tiger-basic true-basic turbo-basic turbo-basic-xl tymshare-superbasic ubasic universe vbscript asp batch vilnius-basic haskell visual-basic.net vba visual-test watcom xblite yabasic zbasic algol comal euphoria",
    "wikipedia_summary": "This is an alphabetical list of BASIC dialects—interpreted and compiled variants of the BASIC programming language. Each dialect's platform(s), i.e., the computer models and operating systems, are given in parentheses along with any other significant information.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 122,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 1774611,
    "lab": "Memorial University of Newfoundland",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "Canada",
    "reference": "http://web.cs.mun.ca/~ed/cs2602/basic1.html",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bywater_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "canon-capsl",
    "name": "CaPSL",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3360,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18953,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2009,
    "wikipedia_summary": "CaPSL is a printer command language/page description language used by early Canon printers including the LBP-8III series and supported on (at least) LBP-8IV printers. This language was discontinued, with later Canon printers implementing PCL. It was also called LIPS or LIPS4. A Windows Spool File could contain RAW CaPSL data.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 4,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 6422417,
    "lab": "Canon",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "Japan",
    "reference": "https://books.google.com/books?id=WIeyaksLI8gC&pg=PT174&lpg=PT174&dq=canon+CaPSL&source=bl&ots=u6g2YFIG_Q&sig=V6dx8vmgwAPobt8DVmkYZfujmcU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjX_beW6JTfAhXqrlQKHeyZAUkQ6AEwB3oECAIQAQ#v=onepage&q=canon%20CaPSL&f=false",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CaPSL",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "compact-application-solution-language",
    "name": "Compact Application Solution Language",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3361,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18953,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2005,
    "wikipedia_related": "pascal visual-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Compact Application Solution Language (CASL) is a programming language used to create computer programs for Palm OS, and Microsoft Windows desktops, laptops, and Pocket PCs with Windows Mobile.  It is published by WAGWARE Systems, Inc., and Brainyware, LLC. As a language, CASL is similar to Pascal or Visual Basic with object-oriented programming features.  The CASL software development kit (SDK) includes a graphical user interface (GUI) forms editor, an integrated development environment (IDE), and a compiler.  CASL programs can either be run as interpreted applications on target devices (using a small helper binary), or compiled directly to native code (CASLpro).  One of CASL's key features is that the same source can be compiled to Palm OS, Windows, or Pocket PC with Windows Mobile, without changing the code, termed \"write once, run all\". In July 2005, CASLsoft announced they were discontinuing support for CASL and releasing it as freeware, with version 4.2 as the last official release.  A month later, WAGWARE Systems, Inc. and Brainyware, LLC announced the purchase of CASL, updated the product and continue to release it as commercial software. CASL Version 4.3 was released on 3 July 2006. In January 2007, more libraries were released to support the Janam XP20/XP30 series of barcode devices.  The CASL libraries are also backward compatible with the Symbol SPT series devices.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 3,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 2283274,
    "lab": "WAGWARE Systems Inc && Brainyware LLC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!search/compact-application-solution-language/alt.sys.pc-clone.gateway2000/OD4BEk8Axls/klFwJw8NXXgJ",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Application_Solution_Language",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "corbascript",
    "name": "CorbaScript",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3362,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18953,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2011,
    "wikipedia_summary": "CorbaScript is an object-oriented scripting language designed for use with CORBA.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 19,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 511196,
    "lab": "https://web.archive.org/web/20050422083703/http://corbaweb.lifl.fr/CorbaScript/",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "France",
    "reference": "http://www.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?orbos/98-12-08",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CorbaScript",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "ibm-rational-sqabasic",
    "name": "IBM Rational SQABasic",
    "appeared": 1996,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3363,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18953,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2009,
    "wikipedia_summary": "SQABasic is the Rational Software Corporation language for building GUI scripts. It is an integral part of IBM Rational Robot, a tool used for developing regression tests.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 10,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 14,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 21736331,
    "lab": "Rational Software Corporation",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "reference": "ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/software/rational/docs/documentation/manuals/v2001a/Rational_Test/sqabasic.pdf",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Rational_SQABasic",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "northstar-basic",
    "name": "NorthStar BASIC",
    "appeared": 1977,
    "creators": "Charles A. Grant and Mark Greenberg",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3364,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18953,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1977,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic fortran atari-basic unix",
    "wikipedia_summary": "NorthStar BASIC was a dialect of the programming language BASIC originally provided for use on the NorthStar Horizon and NorthStar Advantage. The interpreter was written using only Intel 8080 instructions so that it could run also on custom systems.  One notable difference with other dialects of BASIC of the time was the array-like way in which strings were addressed. For example, A$(13,17) in NorthStar BASIC corresponded to MID$(A$,13,5) in other dialects. This string addressing technique is analogous to the one used in Fortran, and was also used in HP-3000 Basic and Atari BASIC.  Strings were allocated 10 bytes maximum length unless DIMensioned otherwise. It was still possible to use arrays of strings, but these were declared in two or more dimensions, for example DIM B$(10,50) created 11 strings (0-10) of maximum length 50 bytes. Input from the keyboard and output to the console and printers were treated in the same way as reading and writing to data files. Some other differences were that POKE became FILL, PEEK became EXAM, and INSTR became MATCH.Some other dialects of BASIC were created which were based on and inspired by NorthStar BASIC, such as Bazic (a rewrite of North Star BASIC taking advantage of the faster Zilog Z80 instructions), Megabasic and S.A.I.L.B.O.A.T. (a basic optimized for Z80 and X86 MS-DOS). Some of these were available for other hardware and operating systems, including Unix, CP/M and DOS.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 3,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 17,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 26078944,
    "lab": "North Star Computers Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NorthStar_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "ps-algol",
    "name": "PS-algol",
    "appeared": 1981,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3365,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18953,
    "hoplId": 972,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1983,
    "wikipedia_related": "s-algol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "PS-algol is an orthogonally persistent programming language. PS-algol was an extension of the language S-algol implemented by the University of St Andrews and the University of Edinburgh, Scotland. S-algol was designed by Ron Morrison, and extended and by Pete Bailey, Fred Brown, Paul Cockshott, Ken Chisholm and Al Dearle. PS-algol was the world's first fully implemented persistent programming language, and had a significant quantity of users both in academia and, notably, in ICL research labs.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 13,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 31727718,
    "lab": "University of St Andrews && University of Edinburgh",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PS-algol",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=972"
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  {
    "id": "function-block-diagram",
    "name": "Function block diagram",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3366,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18947,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Function Block Diagram  (FBD) is a graphical language for programmable logic controller design, that can describe the function between input variables and output variables. A function is described as a set of elementary blocks. Input and output variables are connected to blocks by connection lines. Inputs and outputs of the blocks are wired together with connection lines, or links. Single lines may be used to connect two logical points of the diagram:  An input variable and an input of a block An output of a block and an input of another block An output of a block and an output variableThe connection is oriented, meaning that the line carries associated data from the left end to the right end.  The left and right ends of the connection line must be of the same type. Multiple right connection, also called divergence can be used to broadcast information from its left end to each of its right ends.  All ends of the connection must be of the same type. Function Block Diagram is one of five languages for logic or control configuration supported by standard IEC 61131-3 for a control system such as a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) or a Distributed Control System (DCS).  The other supported languages are ladder logic, sequential function chart, structured text, and instruction list.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 103,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 39478592,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 535,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "visualParadigm": true,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_block_diagram",
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    "id": "almquist-shell",
    "name": "Almquist shell",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3367,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18934,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1989,
    "wikipedia_related": "c bourne-shell bash freebsd korn-shell",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Almquist shell (also known as A Shell, ash and sh) is a lightweight Unix shell originally written by Kenneth Almquist in the late 1980s. Initially a clone of the System V.4 variant of the Bourne shell, it replaced the original Bourne shell in the BSD versions of Unix released in the early 1990s.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 99,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 179,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 206,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 171928,
    "lab": "Internet Ulm or Neu-Ulm eV",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 515,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almquist_shell",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "ibm-basic",
    "name": "IBM BASIC",
    "appeared": 1981,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3368,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18918,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1981,
    "wikipedia_related": "microsoft-basic basic gw-basic ascii qbasic quickbasic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The IBM Personal Computer Basic, commonly shortened to IBM BASIC, is a programming language first released by IBM with the IBM Personal Computer (model 5150) in 1981. IBM released four different versions of the Microsoft BASIC interpreter, licensed from Microsoft for the PC and PCjr. They are known as Cassette BASIC, Disk BASIC, Advanced BASIC (BASICA), and Cartridge BASIC. Versions of Disk BASIC and Advanced BASIC were included with IBM PC DOS up to PC DOS 4. In addition to the features of an ANSI standard BASIC, the IBM versions offered support for the graphics and sound hardware of the IBM PC line. Source code could be typed in with a full screen editor, and very limited facilities were provided for rudimentary program debugging. IBM also released a version of the Microsoft BASIC compiler for the PC, concurrently with the release of PC DOS 1.10 in 1982.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 36,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 125,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 177,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 38212009,
    "lab": "IBM",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 200,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_BASIC",
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  {
    "id": "unity3d-asset",
    "name": "Unity3D Asset",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "application 3d",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3369,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18918,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "githubLanguage_repos": 81061,
    "githubLanguage_trendingProjectsCount": 0,
    "githubLanguage_aceMode": "yaml",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMode": "yaml",
    "githubLanguage_codemirrorMimeType": "text/x-yaml",
    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.yaml",
    "githubLanguage_type": "data",
    "isFinished": false,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_commitCount": 205,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_firstCommit": 2013,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_lastCommit": 2018,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_sampleCount": 5,
    "linguistGrammarRepo_committerCount": 25,
    "githubLanguage_fileExtensions": "anim asset mask mat meta prefab unity",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 200,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "fileType": "text",
    "linguistGrammarRepo_example": "fileFormatVersion: 2 guid: 9e5c401e9d1d5415fbf2854b29c004c4 folderAsset: yes DefaultImporter:   userData:",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "linguistGrammarRepo": "https://github.com/atom/language-yaml",
    "githubLanguage": "Unity3D Asset"
  },
  {
    "id": "hbasic",
    "name": "Hbasic",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3370,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18905,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux gambas visual-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "HBasic is an integrated development environment used to create, execute and debug programs with a Basic language. HBasic has object oriented features either in combination with precompiled C++ components (shared libraries) or class definitions (HBasic sourcecode). This also includes a version of inheritance. Hbasic is a mature Basic implementation for the Linux operating system. HBasic is released under the GNU General Public Licence. HBASIC is also the name for a BASIC interpreter created specifically for use with the Hercules Graphics Card.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 3,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 358436,
    "lab": "https://hbasic.sourceforge.net/join.html",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 25,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "Germany",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hbasic",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "aces-standard",
    "name": "ACES",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "standard",
    "website": "https://www.oscars.org/science-technology/sci-tech-projects/aces",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3371,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18877,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "standard",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Academy Color Encoding System",
    "description": "The Academy Color Encoding System (ACES) is the industry standard for managing color throughout the life cycle of a motion picture or television production. From image capture through editing, VFX, mastering, public presentation, archiving and future remastering, ACES ensures a consistent color experience that preserves the filmmaker’s creative vision. In addition to the creative benefits, ACES addresses and solves a number of significant production, post-production, delivery, and archiving problems that have arisen with the increasing variety of digital cameras and formats in use, as well as the surge in the number of productions that rely on worldwide collaboration using shared digital image files.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The Academy Color Encoding System (ACES) is the industry standard for managing color throughout the life cycle of a motion picture or television production. From image capture through editing, VFX, mastering, public presentation, archiving and future remastering, ACES ensures a consistent color experience that preserves the filmmaker’s creative vision. In addition to the creative benefits, ACES addresses and solves a number of significant production, post-production, delivery, and archiving problems that have arisen with the increasing variety of digital cameras and formats in use, as well as the surge in the number of productions that rely on worldwide collaboration using shared digital image files.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The Academy Color Encoding System (ACES) is the industry standard for managing color throughout the life cycle of a motion picture or television production. From image capture through editing, VFX, mastering, public presentation, archiving and future remastering, ACES ensures a consistent color experience that preserves the filmmaker’s creative vision. In addition to the creative benefits, ACES addresses and solves a number of significant production, post-production, delivery, and archiving problems that have arisen with the increasing variety of digital cameras and formats in use, as well as the surge in the number of productions that rely on worldwide collaboration using shared digital image files.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 21,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academy_Color_Encoding_System",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "common-logic",
    "name": "Common Logic",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "knowledgeBase standard",
    "website": "https://www.iso.org/standard/66249.html",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3372,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18877,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "knowledgeBase",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "Common Logic (CL) is a standardized framework for knowledge interchange, published as ISO/IEC 24707:2007. It provides a first-order logic-based language with dialects like Common Logic Interchange Format (CLIF), Controlled English (CE), and IKL, enabling semantic interoperability across systems for knowledge representation and reasoning.",
    "githubRepo_description": "Common Logic (CL) is a standardized framework for knowledge interchange, published as ISO/IEC 24707:2007. It provides a first-order logic-based language with dialects like Common Logic Interchange Format (CLIF), Controlled English (CE), and IKL, enabling semantic interoperability across systems for knowledge representation and reasoning.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "Common Logic (CL) is a standardized framework for knowledge interchange, published as ISO/IEC 24707:2007. It provides a first-order logic-based language with dialects like Common Logic Interchange Format (CLIF), Controlled English (CE), and IKL, enabling semantic interoperability across systems for knowledge representation and reasoning.",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 21,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/clif",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Logic",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "cvs",
    "name": "CVS",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "creators": "Dick Grune",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "versionControlApplication",
    "website": "https://cvs.nongnu.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3373,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18877,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "versionControlApplication",
    "isFinished": false,
    "standsFor": "Concurrent Versions System",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 21,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrent_Versions_System",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "language-server-protocol",
    "name": "LSP",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "website": "https://microsoft.github.io/language-server-protocol/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3374,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18877,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
    "isFinished": false,
    "lab": "Microsoft",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 21,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "reference": "https://langserver.org/",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_Server_Protocol",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "matroska",
    "name": "Matroska",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "creators": "Steve Lhomme",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "binaryDataFormat",
    "website": "https://matroska.org",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3375,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18877,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "binaryDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "fileExtensions": "mkv mk3d mka mks",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 21,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 12,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matroska",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "polkadot",
    "name": "Polkadot",
    "appeared": 2020,
    "creators": "Gavin Wood",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "cryptoProtocol",
    "website": "https://polkadot.network",
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    "rank": 3376,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18877,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "cryptoProtocol",
    "isFinished": false,
    "description": "Polkadot is a blockchain network of networks designed to challenge our assumptions, directed and governed by those who hold the DOT token. By holding DOT, you are part of the largest and most decentralized decision-making group in the world.",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 21,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polkadot_(cryptocurrency)",
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  {
    "id": "basic-stamp",
    "name": "BASIC Stamp",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3377,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18862,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1990,
    "wikipedia_related": "pbasic basic java parallax-propeller arduino",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The BASIC Stamp is a microcontroller with a small, specialized BASIC interpreter (PBASIC) built into ROM. It is made by Parallax, Inc. and has been popular with electronics hobbyists since the early 1990s.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 35,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 64,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 185,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 890313,
    "lab": "Parallax Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 195,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BASIC_Stamp",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "steinhaus-moser-notation",
    "name": "Steinhaus-Moser notation",
    "appeared": 1969,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "notation",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3378,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18840,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "notation",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1969,
    "wikipedia_summary": "In mathematics, Steinhaus–Moser notation is a notation for expressing certain large numbers. It is an extension of Hugo Steinhaus's polygon notation, devised by Leo Moser.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 33,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 93,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 305463,
    "lab": "Wrocław University && University of Alberta",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 185,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "Poland and Canada",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steinhaus–Moser_notation",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "croma",
    "name": "Croma",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3379,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18826,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Croma may refer to:  Croma (programming language), a dialect of the Lisp programming language Cromā, an Indian retailer of consumer electronics Giulio Croma (died 1632), an Italian painter Fiat Croma, a car Italian for an eighth note in music",
    "wikipedia_created": 2014,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 32,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 15,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 3,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 41775380,
    "lab": "http://patrickcollison.com/",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 180,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "Ireland",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croma",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "integer-basic",
    "name": "Integer BASIC",
    "appeared": 1977,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3380,
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    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
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    "standsFor": "Source Code Control System",
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    "id": "squoze",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
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    "id": "stringcomp",
    "name": "STRINGCOMP",
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    "id": "superplan",
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    "appeared": 1951,
    "creators": "Heinz Rutishauser",
    "measurements": 8,
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    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3410,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superplan",
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    "name": "Telehash",
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    "creators": "Jeremie Miller",
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    "tags": "protocol",
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    "rank": 3411,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telehash",
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    "id": "wgs",
    "name": "World Geodetic System",
    "appeared": 1984,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "geoCode",
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    "rank": 3412,
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    "id": "xpm-format",
    "name": "X PixMap",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "textDataFormat",
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    "githubLanguage_tmScope": "source.c",
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    "id": "jis-x-0201",
    "name": "JIS X 0201",
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    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "characterEncoding",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3414,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "JIS X 0201, a Japanese Industrial Standard developed in 1969 (then called JIS C 6220 until the JIS category reform), was the first Japanese electronic character set to become widely used.  It is either 7-bit encoding or 8-bit encoding, although 8-bit encoding is dominant for modern use. The full name of this standard is 7-bit and 8-bit coded character sets for information interchange (7ビット及び8ビットの情報交換用符号化文字集合). The first 96 codes comprise an ISO 646 variant, mostly following ASCII with some differences, while the second 96 character codes represent the phonetic Japanese katakana signs. Since the encoding does not provide any way to express hiragana or kanji, it is only capable of expressing simplified written Japanese. Nevertheless, it is possible to express, at least phonetically, the full range of sounds in the language.  In the 1980s, this was acceptable for media such as text mode computer terminals, telegrams, receipts or other electronically handled data. JIS X 0201 was supplanted by subsequent encodings such as Shift JIS (which combines this standard and JIS X 0208) and later Unicode.",
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    "lab": "The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 170,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "Japan",
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    "id": "property-specification-language",
    "name": "Property Specification Language",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3415,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Property Specification Language (PSL) is a temporal logic extending Linear temporal logic with a range of operators for both ease of expression and enhancement of expressive power. PSL makes an extensive use of regular expressions and syntactic sugaring. It is widely used in the hardware design and verification industry, where formal verification tools (such as model checking) and/or  logic simulation tools are used to prove or refute that a given PSL formula holds on a given design. PSL was initially developed by Accellera for specifying properties or assertions about hardware designs. Since September 2004 the standardization on the language has been done in IEEE 1850 working group. In September 2005, the IEEE 1850 Standard for Property Specification Language (PSL) was announced.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 30,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 255,
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    "lab": "Accellera Systems Initiative",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 170,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "trellis",
    "name": "Trellis",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3416,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18787,
    "hoplId": 1284,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1960,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Trellis may refer to:",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 29,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 25,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 648799,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 165,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/f59e74f6a5c8e3cff7e4278e54b123b6d931cea8",
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    "id": "snaptag",
    "name": "SnapTag",
    "appeared": 2011,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "barCodeFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3417,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18777,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "barCodeFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2011,
    "wikipedia_summary": "SnapTag, invented by SpyderLynk, is a 2D mobile barcode alternative similar to a QR code, but that uses an icon or company logo and code ring rather than a square pattern of black dots.Similar to a QR code, SnapTags can be used to take consumers to a brand’s website, but can also facilitate mobile purchases, coupon downloads, free sample requests, video views, promotional entries,  Facebook Likes, Pinterest Pins, Twitter Follows, Posts and Tweets.  SnapTags offer back-end data mining capabilities.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 28,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
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    "lab": "SpyderLynk LLC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 160,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SnapTag",
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    "id": "turbo-assembler",
    "name": "Turbo Assembler",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl linker",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3418,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18756,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Turbo Assembler (TASM)  is a computer assembler (software for program development) developed by Borland which runs on and produces code for 16- or 32-bit x86 DOS or Microsoft Windows. It can be used with Borland's high-level language compilers, such as Turbo Pascal, Turbo Basic, Turbo C and Turbo C++. The Turbo Assembler package is bundled with the Turbo Linker, and is interoperable with the Turbo Debugger. TASM can assemble Microsoft Macro Assembler (MASM) source using its MASM mode and has an ideal mode with a few enhancements. Object-Oriented programming has been supported since version 3.0. The last version of Turbo Assembler is 5.4, with files dated 1996 and patches up to 2010; it is still supplied with Delphi and C++Builder. TASM itself is a 16-bit program; it will run on 16- and 32-bit versions of Windows, and produce code for the same versions. There are ways to run 16-bit programs such as TASM on 64-bit Windows (e.g., on a virtual machine), but it will not generate 64-bit Windows code. The Borland Turbo Assembler 5.0 package is supplied on three 3.5-inch diskettes and with three small books.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia_example": ".model small .stack 100h .data msg db \"Merry Christmas!\",'$' .code main proc  mov ds, ax  mov dx, offset msg  mov ah, 9  int 21h  mov ax, 4c00h  int 21h main endp end main",
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    "id": "spec-sharp",
    "name": "Spec Sharp",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3419,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18746,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Spec# is a programming language with specification language features that extends the capabilities of the C# programming language with Eiffel-like contracts, including object invariants, preconditions and postconditions. Like ESC/Java, it includes a static checking tool based on a theorem prover that is able to statically verify many of these invariants. It also includes a variety of other minor extensions to the language, such as non-null reference types. The code contracts API in the .NET Framework 4.0 has evolved with Spec#. Microsoft Research developed both Spec# and C#; in turn, Spec# serves as the foundation of the Sing# programming language, which Microsoft Research also developed.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
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    "lab": "Microsoft",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 100,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "analytical-engine-machine",
    "name": "Analytical engine",
    "appeared": 1837,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "computingMachine",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3420,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18743,
    "isLanguage": false,
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    "primaryTag": "computingMachine",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1991,
    "wikipedia_related": "assembly-language punched-tape",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Analytical Engine was a proposed mechanical general-purpose computer designed by English mathematician and computer pioneer Charles Babbage. It was first described in 1837 as the successor to Babbage's difference engine, a design for a mechanical computer. The Analytical Engine incorporated an arithmetic logic unit, control flow in the form of conditional branching and loops, and integrated memory, making it the first  design for a general-purpose computer that could be described in modern terms as Turing-complete. In other words, the logical structure of the Analytical Engine was essentially the same as that which has dominated computer design in the electronic era.Babbage was never able to complete construction of any of his machines due to conflicts with his chief engineer and inadequate funding. It was not until the late 1940s that the first general-purpose computers were actually built, more than a century after Babbage had proposed the pioneering Analytical Engine in 1837.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 106,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 186,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 1271,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 550,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analytical_engine",
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    "id": "morfik",
    "name": "Morfik",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3421,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18736,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2010,
    "wikipedia_related": "java csharp basic object-pascal javascript linux free-pascal",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Morfik Technology Pty Ltd. is an Australian software company that was acquired by Altium in 2010.  The company is known for developing a set of visual designers, compilers and a Framework combined in an Integrated development environment (IDE) aimed at developing Ajax applications in a high-level language such as Java, C#, BASIC or Object Pascal.  Morfik includes visual design tools for Web interfaces, database structure, and queries.  It supports the classic client–server model, however like all Ajax applications, the client-side code runs within a browser. The Morfik development tool converts the forms that the user draws into DHTML, compiles the client-logic into JavaScript, and builds the application and database server engines to house the server-side code.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
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    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 97,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 10269359,
    "lab": "Morfik Technology Pty Ltd",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 150,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "Australia",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morfik",
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    "id": "starlogo",
    "name": "StarLogo",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl simulation",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3422,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2011,
    "wikipedia_related": "logo netlogo etoys lisp connection-machine java squeak smalltalk scratch",
    "wikipedia_summary": "StarLogo is an agent-based simulation language developed by Mitchel Resnick, Eric Klopfer, and others at MIT Media Lab and MIT Scheller Teacher Education Program in Massachusetts. It is an extension of the Logo programming language, a dialect of Lisp. Designed for education, StarLogo can be used by students to model the behavior of decentralized systems. The first StarLogo ran on a Connection Machine 2 parallel computer. A subsequent version ran on Macintosh computers; this version became known later as MacStarLogo (and now is called MacStarLogo Classic). The current StarLogo is written in Java and works on most computers. StarLogo is also available in a version called OpenStarLogo. The source code for OpenStarLogo is available online, although the license under which it is released is not an open source license according to the Open Source Definition, because of restrictions on the commercial use of the code. StarLogo TNG (The Next Generation) version 1.0 was released in July 2008. It provides a 3D world using OpenGL graphics and a block-based graphical language to increase ease of use and learnability. It is written in C and Java. StarLogo TNG uses \"blocks\" to put together puzzle-like pieces. StarLogo TNG reads the blocks in the order you fit them together, and sets the program in the Spaceland view. StarLogo is a primary influence for the Kedama particle system, programmed by Yoshiki Oshima, found in the  Etoys educational programming environment and language, which can be viewed as a Logo done originally in Squeak Smalltalk.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 26,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 746828,
    "lab": "MIT",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 150,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StarLogo",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "xcas",
    "name": "XCAS",
    "appeared": 2001,
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    "rank": 3423,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Xcas is a user interface to Giac, a free, basic Computer Algebra System (CAS) for Microsoft Windows, Apple macOS and Linux/Unix. Giac can be used directly inside software written in C++. Giac has a compatibility mode with Maple and MuPAD and Qcas and ExpressionsinBar software and TI-89, TI-92, Voyage 200 and TI-Nspire calculators. Users can use Giac/Xcas as well as a free software compatible with Maple to develop formal algorithms or use it in other software. Among other things Xcas can solve equations and draw graphs. CmathOOoCAS, an OpenOffice.org plugin which allows formal calculation in Calc spreadsheet and Writer word processing, uses Xcas to perform calculations.",
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    "reference": "https://www-fourier.ujf-grenoble.fr/~parisse/giac.html",
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    "id": "zope",
    "name": "Zope",
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    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "application",
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    "rank": 3424,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Zope is a family of free and open-source web application servers written in Python, and their associated online community. Zope stands for \"Z Object Publishing Environment\", and was the first system using the now common object publishing methodology for the Web. Zope has been recognized as a Python killer app, an application that helped put Python in the spotlight.Over the last few years, the Zope community has spawned several additional web frameworks with disparate aims and principles, but sharing philosophy, people, and source code. Zope 2 is still the most widespread of these frameworks, largely thanks to the Plone content management system, which runs on Zope 2. BlueBream (earlier called Zope 3) is less widespread but underlies several large sites, including Launchpad. Grok was started as a more programmer-friendly framework, \"Zope 3 for cavemen\", and in 2009 Pyramid (ex BFG) gained popularity in the Zope community as a minimalistic framework based on Zope principles.",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 540,
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    "id": "wireless-markup-language",
    "name": "WML",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
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    "rank": 3425,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Wireless Markup Language (WML),  based on XML, is a now-obsolete markup language intended for devices that implement the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) specification, such as mobile phones. It provides navigational support, data input, hyperlinks, text and image presentation, and forms, much like HTML (HyperText Markup Language). It preceded the use of other markup languages now used with WAP, such as HTML itself, and XHTML (which are gaining in popularity as processing power in mobile devices increases).",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 64,
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n2000|Apress|Professional JSP : Using JavaServer Pages, Servlets, EJB, JNDI, JDBC, XML, XSLT, and WML|Karl Avedal and Danny Ayers and Timothy Briggs and George Gonchar and Naufal Khan and Peter Henderson and Mac Holden and Andre Lei and Dan Malks and Sameer Tyagi and Stephan Osmont and Paul Siegmann and Gert Van Damme and Steve Wilkinson and Stefan Zeiger and John Zukowski and Ari Halberstadt and Carl Burnham and John Timney and Tom Myers and Alexander Nakhimovsky|9781861003621\\n2001|McGraw-Hill Professional|WML & WMLScript: A Beginner's Guide|Jamsa, Kris|9780072192940\\n2000|Wiley|WAP Servlets: Developing Dynamic Web Content With Java and WML (With CD-ROM)|Cook III, John L.|9780471393078\\n2000|Addison-Wesley|Inside WAP: Programming Applications with WML and WMLScript|Niskanen, Pekka|9780201725919\\n2000|Manning Publications|Wml And Wmlscript Programming: How To Design And Implement Effective Web Sites For Portable Devices|Christopher Hoover|9781930110076"
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    "id": "synchronized-multimedia-integration-language",
    "name": "SMIL",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3426,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_related": "html svg javascript musicxml nested-context-language",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL ()) is a World Wide Web Consortium recommended Extensible Markup Language (XML) markup language to describe multimedia presentations. It defines markup for timing, layout, animations, visual transitions, and media embedding, among other things. SMIL allows presenting media items such as text, images, video, audio, links to other SMIL presentations, and files from multiple web servers. SMIL markup is written in XML, and has similarities to HTML.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
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    "id": "thue-programming-language",
    "name": "Thue",
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    "rank": 3427,
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    "leachim6_filepath": "t/Thue.th",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Thue ( TOO-ay) is an esoteric programming language invented by John Colagioia in early 2000. It is a meta-language that can be used to define or recognize Type-0 languages from the Chomsky hierarchy. Because it is able to define languages of such complexity, it is also Turing-complete itself. Thue is based on a nondeterministic string rewriting system called semi-Thue grammar, which itself is named after the Norwegian mathematician Axel Thue. The author describes it as follows: \"Thue represents one of the simplest possible ways to construe constraint-based programming. It is to the constraint-based paradigm what languages like OISC are to the imperative paradigm; in other words, it's a tar pit.\"",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 145,
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    "leachim6_example": "a::=~Hello World ::= a  ",
    "rijuRepl": "https://riju.codes/thue",
    "rijuRepl_example": "a::=~Hello, world! ::= a",
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    "id": "vivaldi",
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    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/jeorgun/Vivaldi",
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    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/jeorgun/Vivaldi",
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    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n9053694|Show HN: Vivaldi programming language|2015-02-15 19:26:31 UTC|1424028391|jeorgun|25|52"
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    "id": "d-data-language-specification",
    "name": "D data language specification",
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    "rank": 3429,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1994,
    "wikipedia_related": "csharp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "D is a set of prescriptions for what Christopher J. Date and Hugh Darwen believe a relational database management system ought to be like.  It is proposed in their paper The Third Manifesto, first published in 1994 and elaborated on in several books since then.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
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    "id": "stos-basic",
    "name": "STOS BASIC",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3430,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_related": "basic amos",
    "wikipedia_summary": "STOS BASIC is a dialect of the BASIC programming language implemented on the Atari ST computer. STOS BASIC was originally developed by Jawx, François Lionet, and Constantin Sotiropoulos and published by Mandarin Software (now known as Europress Software). STOS Basic was a version of BASIC that was designed for creating games, but the set of powerful high-level graphics and sound commands it offered made it suitable for developing multimedia-intense software without any knowledge of the internals of the Atari ST.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
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    "lab": "Mandarin Software",
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    "country": "United Kingdom",
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    "id": "watfiv",
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    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3431,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1968,
    "wikipedia_related": "fortran 1620sps cobol watcom",
    "wikipedia_summary": "WATFIV, or WATerloo FORTRAN IV,  developed at the University of Waterloo, Canada is an implementation of the Fortran computer programming language. It is the successor of WATFOR. WATFIV was used from the late 1960s into the mid-1980s. WATFIV was in turn succeeded by later versions of WATFOR. Because it could complete the three usual steps (\"compile-link-go\") in just one pass, the system became popular for teaching students computer programming.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 135,
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    "id": "ais",
    "name": "Alternate Instruction Set",
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    "measurements": 7,
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    "rank": 3432,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Alternate Instruction Set (AIS) is a second 32-bit instruction set architecture found in some x86 CPUs made by VIA Technologies.  On these VIA C3 processors, the second hidden processor mode is accessed by executing the x86 instruction ALTINST (0F 3F).  If AIS mode has been enabled, the processor will perform a JMP EAX and begin executing AIS instructions at the address of the EAX register.  Using AIS allows native access to the Centaur Technology-designed RISC core inside the processor.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2018,
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    "lab": "VIA Technologies, Inc",
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    "reference": "http://datasheets.chipdb.org/VIA/Eden-ESP/Eden%20v1.4.pdf",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternate_Instruction_Set",
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    "id": "piet-programming-language",
    "name": "Piet",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "esolang",
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    "rank": 3433,
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    "wikipedia_related": "intercal fortran cobol assembly-language unix brainfuck befunge fractran grass lolcode malbolge unlambda whitespace",
    "wikipedia_summary": "An esoteric programming language (sometimes shortened to esolang) is a programming language designed to test the boundaries of computer programming language design, as a proof of concept, as software art, as a hacking interface to another language (particularly functional programming or procedural programming languages), or as a joke.  The use of esoteric distinguishes these languages from programming languages that working developers use to write software. Usually, an esolang's creators do not intend the language to be used for mainstream programming, although some esoteric features, such as visuospatial syntax,  have inspired practical applications in the arts.  Such languages are often popular among hackers and hobbyists. Usability is rarely a goal for esoteric programming language designers—often it is quite the opposite.  Their usual aim is to remove or replace conventional language features while still maintaining a language that is Turing-complete, or even one for which the computational class is unknown.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "lab": "https://www.dangermouse.net/esoteric/piet.html",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 125,
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    "country": "Australia",
    "wikipedia_example": "~ATH(THIS) {      // ADDITIONAL GRAVES...  } EXECUTE(NULL);  THIS.DIE();",
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    "id": "rpp",
    "name": "R++",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "measurements": 7,
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    "rank": 3434,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1990,
    "wikipedia_summary": "R++ is a rule-based programming language based on C++. The United States patent describes R++ as follows:  The R++ extension permits rules to be defined as members of C++ classes. The programming system of the invention takes the classes with rules defined using R++ and generates C++ code from them in which the machinery required for the rules is implemented completely as C++ data members and functions of the classes involved in the rules. R++ was developed by Bell Labs in the 1990s, but due to the Bell System divestiture that split the legal rights to the work developed at the Laboratories between AT&T and Lucent, did not see immediate commercial development while the two companies disputed ownership.",
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    "lab": "Bell Labs",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%2B%2B",
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    "name": "WMLScript",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3435,
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    "standsFor": "Wireless Markup Language Script",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2011,
    "wikipedia_related": "javascript wireless-markup-language",
    "wikipedia_summary": "WMLScript is a procedural programming language and dialect of JavaScript used for WML pages and is part of the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP). WMLScript is a client-side scripting language and is similar to JavaScript. Just like JavaScript WMLScript is used for tasks such as user input validation, generation of error message and other Dialog boxes etc. WMLScript is based on ECMAScript (European Computer Manufacturers Association Script), which is JavaScript's standardized version. Thus the syntax of WMLScript is similar to JavaScript but not fully compatible.Despite the syntactical similarities, they are two different languages.  WMLScript does not have objects or array, which JavaScript has.  On the other hand, it allows you to declare and include external functions from other scripts.   WMLScript is optimised for low power devices, and is a compiled language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 120,
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    "reference": "https://www.developershome.com/wap/wmlscript/wmlscriptIntro.asp",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WMLScript",
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    "id": "aaf",
    "name": "Advanced Authoring Format",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 6,
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    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3436,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "binaryDataFormat",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2002,
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Advanced Authoring Format (AAF) is a file format for professional cross-platform data interchange, designed for the video post-production and authoring environment. It was created by the Advanced Media Workflow Association (AMWA), and is now being standardized through the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE).",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 52,
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    "lab": "Advanced Media Workflow Association",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 280,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Authoring_Format",
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    "name": "moinmoin",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "textMarkup",
    "website": "http://moinmo.in/HelpOnMoinWikiSyntax",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3437,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "isLanguage": true,
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    "primaryTag": "textMarkup",
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    "lab": "https://github.com/moinwiki",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "Germany",
    "example": "Table of contents: <<TableOfContents()>>  Table of contents (up to 2nd level headings only): <<TableOfContents(2)>>  = heading 1st level = == heading 2nd level == === heading 3rd level === ==== heading 4th level ==== ===== heading 5th level ===== ====== no heading 6th level ======",
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    "id": "ccr",
    "name": "Continuity of Care Record",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3438,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2007,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Continuity of Care Record (CCR) is a health record standard specification developed jointly by ASTM International, the Massachusetts Medical Society (MMS), the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS), the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and other health informatics vendors.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 19,
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    "lab": "ASTM International && Massachusetts Medical Society && Healthcare Information && Management Systems Society && American Academy of Family Physicians && American Academy of Pediatrics",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 115,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
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  {
    "id": "msx-basic",
    "name": "MSX BASIC",
    "appeared": 1984,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 3439,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1983,
    "wikipedia_related": "gw-basic vilnius-basic mbasic dartmouth-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "MSX BASIC is a dialect of the BASIC programming language. It is an extended version of Microsoft Standard BASIC Version 4.5, and includes support for graphic, music, and various peripherals attached to MSX Personal Computers. Generally, MSX-BASIC is designed to follow GW-BASIC, which is one of the standard BASICs running on 16-bit computers. During the creation of MSX-BASIC, effort was made to make the system flexible and expandable.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
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    "lab": "Microsoft",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 115,
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSX_BASIC",
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    "id": "template-attribute-language",
    "name": "Template Attribute Language",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "template",
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    "example": "feature  Rice  1 LOC_Os05g01020  gene  1903    \"TBC domain containing protein, expressed\" feature Rice  1 LOC_Os09g20010  gene  10218   expressed protein feature Barley  1H  12_30969  SNP 15 feature Barley  1H  11_11223  SNP 78 feature Barley  1H  11_11224  SNP 100 homolog Barley  12_30969  Rice  LOC_Os05g01020  7.00E-91    #00FF00 homolog Barley  11_11223  Rice  LOC_Os09g20010  6.00E-50 chromosome  Barley  1H  #593423 URL Rice  http://rice.plantbiology.msu.edu/cgi-bin/gbrowse/rice/?name=",
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    "aka": "UNICODE",
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    "name": "UnQL",
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    "id": "v-visual-language",
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    "creators": "Mikhail Auguston and Alfredo Delgado",
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    "visualParadigm": true,
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1997|CRC Press|The Maple V Primer, Release 4|Garvan, Frank|9780849326813\\n1993|Addison-Wesley Professional|UNIX System V Network Programming (Addison-Wesley Professional Computing Series)|Rago, Stephen A.|9780201563184\\n1992|Sams|The Waite Group's Unix System V Primer|Waite, Mitchell and Prata, Stephen and Martin, Donald|9780672301940\\n1996|Springer Us|Maple V Programming Guide|M. B. Monagan K. O. Geddes|9780387945378",
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    "id": "moby-programming-language",
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    "id": "openroad",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "OpenROAD stands for \"Open Rapid Object Application Development\". It is a software product of Actian Corporation. OpenROAD is a fourth-generation programming language (4GL) which include a suite of development tools, with built-in Integrated development environment (IDE) (Written in OpenROAD), Code Repository, allowing applications to be developed and deployed on Microsoft and UNIX/LINUX platforms.",
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    "id": "chain-programming-language",
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    "id": "escapade-programming-language",
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    "reference": "https://www.seomastering.com/wiki/Escapade_(programming_language)",
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    "id": "izibasic",
    "name": "Izibasic",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 3755,
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    "id": "klerer-may-system",
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    "rank": 3756,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Klerer–May System is a programming language developed in the mid-1960s, oriented to numerical scientific programming, whose most notable feature is its two-dimensional syntax based on traditional mathematical notation.  For input and output, the Klerer–May system used a Friden Flexowriter modified to allow half-line motions for subscripts and superscripts. The character set included digits, upper-case letters, subsets of 14 lower-case Latin letters and 18 Greek letters, arithmetic operators (+ − × / |) and punctuation (. , ( )), and eight special line-drawing characters (resembling  ╲ ╱ ⎜ _ ⎨ ⎬ ˘ ⁔) used to construct multi-line brackets and symbols for summation, products, roots, and for multi-line division or fractions. The system was intended to be forgiving of input mistakes, and easy to learn; its reference manual was only two pages.The system was developed by Melvin Klerer and Jack May at Columbia University's Hudson Laboratories in Dobbs Ferry, New York, for the Office of Naval Research, and ran on GE-200 series computers.",
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    "rank": 3757,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Legal Knowledge Interchange Format (LKIF) was developed in the European ESTRELLA project and was designed with the goal of becoming a standard for representing and interchanging policy, legislation and cases, including their justificatory arguments, in the legal domain. LKIF builds on and uses the Web Ontology Language (OWL) for representing concepts and includes a reusable basic ontology of legal concepts. The core of LKIF consists of a combination of OWL-DL and SWRL.LKIF was designed with two main roles in  mind: the translation of legal knowledge bases written in different representation formats and formalisms and to be a knowledge representation formalism which could be part of larger architectures for developing legal knowledge systems.",
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    "country": "The Netherlands",
    "reference": "http://www.estrellaproject.org/?page_id=5",
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    "id": "m-programming-language",
    "name": "M",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3758,
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    "lab": "https://www.msharp.co.uk/",
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    "country": "United Kingdom",
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    "id": "mocklisp",
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    "id": "moonrock-basic-compiler",
    "name": "Moonrock Basic Compiler",
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    "creators": "Rowan Crowe",
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    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3760,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "lab": "http://www.rowan.sensation.net.au",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 15,
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    "country": "Australia",
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    "id": "omikron-basic",
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    "measurements": 8,
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    "rank": 3761,
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    "lab": "Omikron.Soft + Hardware GmbH",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 15,
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    "country": "Germany",
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    "id": "opl-langage-informatique",
    "name": "OPL",
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    "lab": "Psion PLC",
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    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Programming_Language",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1999|The MIT Press|The OPL Optimization Programming Language|Van Hentenryck, Pascal|9780262720304\\n2005|Wiley|Rapid Mobile Enterprise Development for Symbian OS: An Introduction to OPL Application Design and Programming (Symbian Press)|Spence, Ewan|9780470014851"
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    "id": "portal-langage",
    "name": "Portal langage",
    "appeared": 1978,
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "lab": "LGZ LANDIS & GYR ZUG AG",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 15,
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    "country": "Switzerland",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal_(langage)",
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    "id": "proc-procedure-language",
    "name": "PROC procedure language",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 3764,
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "woe",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 3765,
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    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "githubRepo_subscribers": 4,
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    "writtenIn": "c make markdown",
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    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/sctb/woe",
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    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n16422971|Show HN: Woe – A concatenative language inspired by Joy|2018-02-20 19:01:05 UTC|1519153265|sctb|2|3"
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    "id": "rocky-mountain-basic",
    "name": "Rocky Mountain BASIC",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_related": "basic assembly-language pascal hp-time-shared-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Rocky Mountain BASIC (also RMB or RM-BASIC) is a dialect of the BASIC programming language created by Hewlett-Packard.  It was especially popular for control of automatic test equipment using GPIB.  It has several features which are or were unusual in BASIC dialects, such as event-driven operation, extensive external I/O support, complex number support, and matrix manipulation functions.  Today, RMB is mainly used in environments where an investment in RMB software, hardware, or expertise already exists.",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "sbml",
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    "standsFor": "Systems Biology Markup Language",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_related": "xml rdf java python mathematica matlab mime",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML) is a representation format, based on XML, for communicating and storing computational models of biological processes. It is a free and open standard with widespread software support and a community of users and developers. SBML can represent many different classes of biological phenomena, including metabolic networks, cell signaling pathways, regulatory networks, infectious diseases, and many others. It has been proposed as a standard for representing computational models in systems biology today.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SBML",
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    "id": "business-process-modeling-language",
    "name": "BPML",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 3768,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_related": "xml uml bpel bpmn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Business Process Modeling Language (BPML) is an XML-based language for business process modeling. It was maintained by the Business Process Management Initiative (BPMI) until June 2005 when BPMI and OMG (Object Management Group) announced the merger of their respective Business Process Management (BPM) activities to form the Business Modeling and Integration Domain Task Force (BMI DTF)[1]. It is deprecated since 2008. BPML was useful to OMG in order to enrich UML with process notation.",
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    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 44,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 13,
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    "lab": "Business Modeling && Integration Domain Task Force",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 240,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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  {
    "id": "balanced-ternary-notation",
    "name": "Balanced ternary",
    "appeared": 1544,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "notation",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3769,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "primaryTag": "notation",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1963,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Balanced ternary is a non-standard positional numeral system (a balanced form), used in some early computers and useful in the solution of balance puzzles. It is a ternary (base 3) number system in which the digits have the values –1, 0, and 1, in contrast to the standard (unbalanced) ternary system, in which digits have values 0, 1 and 2.  Balanced ternary can represent all integers without using a separate minus sign; the value of the leading non-zero digit of a number has the sign of the number itself. While binary numerals with digits 0 and 1 provide the simplest positional numeral system for natural numbers (or for positive integers if using 1 and 2 as the digits), balanced ternary provides the simplest self-contained positional numeral system for integers. Different sources use different glyphs used to represent the three digits in balanced ternary. In this article, T (which resembles a ligature of the minus sign and 1) represents −1, while 0 and 1 represent themselves. Other conventions include using '−' and '+' to represent −1 and 1 respectively, or using Greek letter theta (Θ), which resembles a minus sign in a circle, to represent −1. In publications about the Setun computer, −1 is represented as overturned 1: \"1\".Balanced ternary makes an early appearance in Michael Stifel's book Arithmetica Integra (1544). It also occurs in the works of Johannes Kepler and Léon Lalanne. Related signed-digit schemes in other bases have been discussed by John Colson, John Leslie, Augustin-Louis Cauchy, and possibly even the ancient Indian Vedas.",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balanced_ternary",
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    "id": "aplette",
    "name": "aplette",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3770,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 4,
    "pldbScore": 18546,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/gregfjohnson/aplette",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2017,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2014,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 7,
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    "githubRepo_issues": 1,
    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2014,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2023,
    "repoStats_commits": 217,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 27169,
    "writtenIn": "c make bourne-shell yacc",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 103,
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    "id": "asic-programming-language",
    "name": "ASIC",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3771,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_related": "microsoft-macro-assembler basic gw-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ASIC is a programming language, a BASIC dialect and shareware compiler for DOS systems.  Written by Dave Visti of 80/20 Software, it achieved brief popularity in the 1990s as one of the few BASIC compilers legally available for download from BBSes.  However, ASIC understood only a small subset of the BASIC language, with most versions having little or no support for logical operators, control structures, and floating-point arithmetic.  These shortcomings are the reason for the software's tongue-in-cheek motto, \"ASIC: It's almost BASIC!\"Notably, however, ASIC did feature a rudimentary integrated development environment and an RS-232 communications library for writing terminal and BBS software, as well not requiring line numbers.  The last release of ASIC, version 5.00, was more compatible with GW-BASIC and offered a utility to convert GW-BASIC programs to ASIC syntax. ASIC allows compiling to a DOS EXE file or COM file. The low overhead of the COM file format lets ASIC make one of the smallest compiled executables of the Hello world program, typically 360 bytes.",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASIC_programming_language",
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    "id": "palasm",
    "name": "PALASM",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3772,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_summary": "PALASM is an early hardware description language, used to translate Boolean functions and state transition tables into a fuse map for use with Programmable Array Logic (PAL) devices introduced by Monolithic Memories, Inc. (MMI). The language was developed by John Birkner in the early 1980s. It is not case-sensitive.  The PALASM compiler was written by MMI in FORTRAN IV on an IBM 370/168. MMI made the source code available to users at no cost. By 1983, MMI customers ran versions on the DEC PDP-11, Data General NOVA, Hewlett-Packard HP 2100, MDS800 and others. A widely used MS DOS port was produced by MMI. There was a windows front-end written sometime later.",
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PALASM",
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  {
    "id": "ravenscar-profile",
    "name": "Ravenscar profile",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2012,
    "wikipedia_related": "ada spark",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Ravenscar profile is a subset of the Ada tasking features designed for safety-critical hard real-time computing. It was defined by a separate technical report in Ada 95; it is now part of the Ada 2012 Standard. It has been named after the English village of Ravenscar, the location of the 8th International Real-Time Ada Workshop (IRTAW 8).",
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    "lab": "University of York",
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    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia_example": "pragma Task_Dispatching_Policy (FIFO_Within_Priorities); pragma Locking_Policy (Ceiling_Locking); pragma Detect_Blocking; pragma Restrictions (                  No_Abort_Statements,                  No_Dynamic_Attachment,                  No_Dynamic_Priorities,                  No_Implicit_Heap_Allocations,                  No_Local_Protected_Objects,                  No_Local_Timing_Events,                  No_Protected_Type_Allocators,                  No_Relative_Delay,                  No_Requeue_Statements,                  No_Select_Statements,                  No_Specific_Termination_Handlers,                  No_Task_Allocators,                  No_Task_Hierarchy,                  No_Task_Termination,                  Simple_Barriers,                  Max_Entry_Queue_Length => 1,                  Max_Protected_Entries  => 1,                  Max_Task_Entries       => 0,                  No_Dependence => Ada.Asynchronous_Task_Control,                  No_Dependence => Ada.Calendar,                  No_Dependence => Ada.Execution_Time.Group_Budget,                  No_Dependence => Ada.Execution_Time.Timers,                  No_Dependence => Ada.Task_Attributes);",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravenscar_profile",
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    "id": "simons-basic",
    "name": "Simons' BASIC",
    "appeared": 1983,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3774,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1983,
    "wikipedia_related": "commodore-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "This product is widely, but incorrectly, called \"Simon's BASIC\", because of confusion between the first name \"Simon\" and the surname \"Simons\".Simons' BASIC was an extension to BASIC 2.0 for the Commodore 64 home computer. Written by 16-year-old British programmer David Simons in 1983, it was distributed by Commodore in cartridge format.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 16,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 20,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 100,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simons%27_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "string-diagrams-notation",
    "name": "String diagram",
    "appeared": 1971,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "notation",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3775,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18538,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "notation",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2007,
    "wikipedia_summary": "In category theory, string diagrams are a way of representing morphisms in monoidal categories, or more generally 2-cells in 2-categories.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 16,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 17,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3967296,
    "lab": "Birkbeck College",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 100,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_diagram",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "visual-paradigm-app",
    "name": "Visual Paradigm",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "application",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3776,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18534,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "application",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2002,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Visual Paradigm (VP-UML) is a UML CASE Tool supporting UML 2, SysML and Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) from the Object Management Group (OMG). In addition to modeling support, it provides report generation and code engineering capabilities including code generation. It can reverse engineer diagrams from code, and provide round-trip engineering for various programming languages.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 69,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 9,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 365,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "visualworks",
    "name": "VisualWorks",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3777,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18523,
    "hoplId": 3895,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "smalltalk linux unix fortran pascal ada squeak ntfs",
    "wikipedia_summary": "VisualWorks is a cross-platform implementation of the Smalltalk language. It is implemented as a development system based on \"images\", which are dynamic collections of software objects, each contained in a system image. The lineage of VisualWorks goes back to the first Smalltalk-80 implementation by Xerox PARC. In the late 1980s, a group of Smalltalk-80 developers spun off ParcPlace Systems to further develop Smalltalk-80 as a commercial product. The commercial product was initially called ObjectWorks, and then VisualWorks. On August 31, 1999, the VisualWorks product was sold to Cincom. VisualWorks runs under many operating systems, including  Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, and several versions of Unix. VisualWorks has a very active third-party developers community, with a non-commercial version available free. The non-commercial version has all the power and functionality of the commercial version. In both versions, as in all Smalltalks, the user can see all the source code. This includes all the system classes, including the browser and GUI builder. VisualWorks supports cross-platform development projects, because of its built-in multi-platform features. For example, a GUI application needs to be developed only once, and can then be switched to different widget styles. A VisualWorks application can be run on all supported platforms without any modifications. Only the virtual machine is platform-dependent.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 39,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 46,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 215,
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    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=3895"
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  {
    "id": "linc-4gl",
    "name": "LINC 4GL",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3778,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18518,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "unix linux java asp cobol work-flow-language jade newp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "LINC (\"Logic and Information Network Compiler\") is a fourth-generation programming language, used mostly on Unisys computer systems.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 15,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 50,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 126,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4298516,
    "lab": "Unisys Corporation",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 95,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LINC_4GL",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "twelf",
    "name": "Twelf",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "creators": "Frank Pfenning and Carsten Schürmann",
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3779,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18518,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2006,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Twelf is an implementation of the logical framework LF developed by Frank Pfenning and Carsten Schürmann at Carnegie Mellon  . It is used for logic programming and for the formalization of programming language theory.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 15,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 22,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 2058228,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 95,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "numberOfCreators": 2,
    "rosettaCode": "http://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/Category:Twelf",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twelf",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "tawa",
    "name": "Tawa",
    "appeared": 2021,
    "creators": "Jan Blackquill",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3780,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 5,
    "pldbScore": 18492,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/tawasprache/kompilierer",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2021,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2023,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2021,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 1,
    "githubRepo_forks": 0,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2021,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2021,
    "repoStats_commits": 89,
    "repoStats_committers": 2,
    "repoStats_files": 78,
    "repoStats_mb": 1,
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    "writtenIn": "go json yaml typescript markdown",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 8,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 13,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/tawasprache/kompilierer",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "chinese-basic",
    "name": "Chinese BASIC",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3781,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18487,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic applesoft-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Chinese BASIC (Chinese: 中文培基; pinyin: Zhōngwén Péijī) is the name given to several Chinese-localized versions of the BASIC programming language in the early 1980s.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 14,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 20,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 54,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1977500,
    "lab": "Acer && others",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 90,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "Taiwan",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "cullinet",
    "name": "Cullinet",
    "appeared": 1968,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3782,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18487,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1968,
    "wikipedia_related": "mark-iv model-204 powerbuilder linux cobol ibm-rpg",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Cullinet was a software company whose products included the database management system IDMS and the integrated software package Goldengate. In 1989, the company was bought by Computer Associates. Cullinet was headquartered at 400 Blue Hill Drive in Westwood, Massachusetts.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 14,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 1973261,
    "lab": "Cullinane Corporation",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 90,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cullinet",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "jet",
    "name": "Jet",
    "appeared": 2023,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3783,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "writtenInCount": 6,
    "pldbScore": 18484,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/hydroper-jet/lang",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2023,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2024,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 1,
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    "isFinished": false,
    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2023,
    "repoStats_newestCommit": 2024,
    "repoStats_commits": 701,
    "repoStats_committers": 3,
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    "repoStats_mb": 27,
    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 16145,
    "writtenIn": "markdown css html json javascript fxml",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 7,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 14,
    "isSelfHosted": false,
    "reference": "https://www.reddit.com/r/ProgrammingLanguages/comments/1baqs3g/jet_language/",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/hydroper-jet/lang",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "blox",
    "name": "Blox",
    "appeared": 2018,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3784,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "writtenInCount": 6,
    "pldbScore": 18477,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/ciromoraismedeiros/blox-lang",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2018,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2018,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 1,
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    "repoStats_firstCommit": 2018,
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    "repoStats_linesOfCode": 1133,
    "writtenIn": "c markdown yacc lex make bourne-shell",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 6,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 14,
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    "example": "print(1+2*3/4)  print(3.0-1.5)  print(1 > 0) print(1 < 0) print(1 >= 0) print(1 <= 0) print(1 == 0) print(1 != 0)  print(not TRUE and FALSE or TRUE)",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/ciromoraismedeiros/blox-lang",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "hp-time-shared-basic",
    "name": "HP Time-Shared BASIC",
    "appeared": 1969,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3785,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18450,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1969,
    "wikipedia_related": "dartmouth-basic integer-basic basic punched-tape c rocky-mountain-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "HP Time-Shared BASIC (HP TSB) is an interpreter software system that was sold by the Hewlett-Packard Company in the late 1960s and 1970s, based on their HP 2100 line of minicomputers. The system implements a dialect of the BASIC programming language and a rudimentary user account and program library system. The system is historically notable as the platform that released the first public versions of the game Star Trek. The software was also known by its versioned name, tied to the hardware version on which it ran, such as HP 2000C Time-Shared BASIC and the operating system came in different varieties — 2000A, 2000B, 2000C, High-Speed 2000C, 2000E, 2000F, and 2000/Access. Except for the 2000A and 2000E systems, the system is implemented using a dual-processor architecture. One fully configured HP 2100-series processor is used for execution of most of the system code and all of the user code, while a second, smaller HP 2100-series processor is used to handle the RS-232 serial lines through which the time-sharing users connected. Depending on the hardware configuration, the system supports up to 16 or up to 32 simultaneous remote users. The usual terminal for a TSB system was a Teletype Model 33 ASR and connected directly to the I/O processor or through a modem or acoustic coupler. Account names are a combination of one alphabetic character, followed by three decimal digits, e.g., B001. Privileged accounts started with the letter \"A\" and had some additional command and program storage capabilities. The superuser account is A000. This scheme allows up to 26,000 user accounts. (In the offshoot system created by BTI Computer Systems accounts beginning with \"@\" were superuser accounts.)During execution, user programs are swapped to fixed-head hard drive (which was physically a disk, but operated like a magnetic drum). When not executing, user programs are stored on moving-head cartridge- or pack-loaded disk storage. Privileged users can also store programs on the much-faster drum. The hard drive was backed up to magnetic tape. Program and file names consist of a mix of up to six alphabetic characters (A-Z) and numbers (0-9). Programs are stored in a tokenized format, using the SAVE command. They can also be stored in a semi-compiled format, using the CSAVE command, which allows them to start quicker. Since the system was closely tied to the use of commonly available teleprinters, line endings in files consisted of the carriage return character (ASCII CR, 0D hexadecimal), followed by the linefeed character (ASCII LF, 0A hexadecimal). The language is a fairly standard implementation of BASIC, providing an integrated editing and runtime environment. Statements are analyzed for correct syntax as they are entered and then stored in tokenized form. Each BASIC statement has to be on a uniquely numbered line, e.g., 10 PRINT \"HELLO WORLD\" and can only contain one statement, although multiple variable assignments are allowed, e.g., 20 LET A=B=C=42 (use of the word \"LET\" was optional). Line numbers are mandatory and statements are automatically placed in ascending numeric sequence. In the earliest version (2000A), the language supported the following features. Later versions added many more features. Unconditional program flow-control via GOTO statements, and subroutines via the GOSUB and RETURN statements Conditional flow-control via IF/THEN statement and simple variable-based block loop FOR and NEXT statements Calculated flow-control via the GOTO/OF and GOSUB/OF statements In-code data storage via DATA, READ, and RESTORE statements Input from and output to the user or a disc file via INPUT, READ #, PRINT, PRINT #, and IF END # statements Numeric variables of the form \"A\" or \"An\" (where A is a single letter and n a single, optional digit) stored as 32-bit floating-point numbers String variables of the form \"A$\" (where A is a single letter), storing from 0 to 72 characters One- or two-dimensional matrix (array) variables of the form \"A[x]\" or \"A[x,y]\" Matrix operations via statements (MAT READ, MAT INPUT, MAT PRINT, MAT=) and operations (+, -, *, ZER, CON, IDN, INV, TRN) Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) and relational operators (<, <=, =, #, <>, >=, and >) Built-in mathematical functions including trigonometric (SIN, COS, TAN, ATN), logarithms (LOG, EXP), square root (SQR), random number generator (RND), others (ABS, INT, SGN, MIN, MAX), and user-defined functions Punched tape operations using Teletype Model 33 electromechanical teleprinter remote terminalsSubstrings within strings are accessed using a substring notation: \"A$(L,R)\" or \"A$[L,R]\", where the substring begins with the leftmost character specified by the index L and continues to the rightmost character specified by the index R, \"A$[L]\" where the substring starts at the leftmost character specified by the index L and continues to the end of the string. (TSB accepts () or [] interchangeably.) This is in sharp contrast to some later microcomputer BASICs that use functions such as LEFT$(), MID$(), and RIGHT$() to access substrings, although ANSI BASIC continues to use a similar substring syntax to that introduced by Hewlett-Packard. HP's notation can also be used on the destination side of a LET or INPUT statement to modify part of an existing string value, for example 100 A$[3,5]=\"XYZ\" or 120 B$[3]=\"CHANGE ALL BUT FIRST TWO CHARS\", which cannot be done with early implementations of LEFT/MID/RIGHT$(). Array and substring indices start with 1. Boolean and relational operators can be used in any mathematical expression (giving 0 for false or 1 for true), which was unusual for BASIC languages of that time, but became very popular in languages like C. Differences from Dartmouth BASIC included the use of square brackets for arrays and # for <>.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 111,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 61,
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    "lab": "Hewlett-Packard",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP_Time-Shared_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "newp",
    "name": "NEWP",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3786,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18450,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_summary": "NEWP (or the New Executive Programming Language) is a high-level programming language used on the Unisys MCP systems. The language is used to write the operating system and other system utilities, although it can also be used to write user software as well. Several constructs separate it from extended ALGOL on which it is based. Language operators such as MEMORY which allows direct memory access are strictly used by programs running as the MCP.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 6433017,
    "lab": "Burroughs Corporation && Unisys Corporation",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEWP",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "robot-battle",
    "name": "Robot Battle",
    "appeared": 1994,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3787,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2002,
    "wikipedia_related": "c javascript",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Robot Battle is a programming game for Microsoft Windows where players design and code adaptable battling robots. Robot Battle takes strategy rather than reflexes, accuracy, or timing to succeed. What differentiates one robot from the next is its programming, for which the player is responsible. The game is inspired by the similar game RobotWar.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 13,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 15,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 85,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 867311,
    "lab": "GarageGames LLC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 85,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot_Battle",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "clox",
    "name": "clox",
    "appeared": 2020,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://craftinginterpreters.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3788,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18433,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/evacchi/crafting-interpreters/tree/main/clox",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2020,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2022,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 3,
    "githubRepo_forks": 0,
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    "githubRepo_issues": 0,
    "isFinished": false,
    "lab": "https://github.com/evacchi",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 2,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "Italy",
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/evacchi/crafting-interpreters/tree/main/clox",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "draconian",
    "name": "draconian",
    "appeared": 2021,
    "creators": "Hextanium",
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3789,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18433,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/TechnoDrive/draconian",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2021,
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    "name": "Sublime Syntax Test Lang",
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    "description": "A language for testing sublime syntax files.",
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    "description": "TERSE is an x86 specific programming language compatible with the entire processor family from the 8088 through the Pentium 4 and beyond. It is a machine-level language that gives you all of the control available in assembly language with the ease-of-use and the look-and-feel of a high-level language like C.",
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    "id": "tiddler",
    "name": "tiddler",
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    "website": "https://tiddlywiki.com/#TiddlerFiles",
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    "id": "tilton",
    "name": "tilton",
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    "creators": "Douglas Crockford",
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    "tags": "pl",
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    "reference": "https://www.crockford.com/tilton.html",
    "example": "<~set~year~2000~> <~get~year~>",
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    "id": "ugnis",
    "name": "ugnis",
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    "id": "versioned-text-markup-language",
    "name": "versioned-text-markup-language",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "measurements": 8,
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    "website": "https://www.w3.org/Conferences/WWW4/Papers/190/",
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    "example": "<!--{ATTR ID=1 vers=1 author=\"fabio\" date=\"Jul 16, 1995\"}--> <!--{ATTR ID=2 vers=CURRENT author=\"david\" date=NOW}--> <!--{INS ATT=1}--> This is <!--{DEL ATT=2}--> your<!--{/DEL}--> <!--{INS ATT=2}--> my <!--{/DEL}--> document.",
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    "id": "vim-scripts-pm",
    "name": "Vim Scripts",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 8,
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    "website": "https://www.vim.org/scripts/index.php",
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    "rijuRepl_description": "Vim Scripts allows users to upload scripts that help enhance vim.",
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    "id": "visual-logic",
    "name": "Visual Logic",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "visual",
    "website": "https://www.visuallogic.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
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    "id": "visual-studio-marketplace-pm",
    "name": "Visual Studio Marketplace",
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    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "packageManager",
    "website": "https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3844,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "id": "woofjs",
    "name": "woofjs",
    "appeared": 2016,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "http://woofjs.com?",
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  {
    "id": "xmtp",
    "name": "XMTP",
    "appeared": 2022,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "messagingProtocol",
    "website": "https://xmtp.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3846,
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    "description": "The open protocol for web3 messaging.",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 1,
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    "docs": "https://xmtp.org/docs",
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    "id": "xsharp",
    "name": "xsharp",
    "appeared": 2015,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "website": "https://www.xsharp.info",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3847,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "domainName_registered": 2015,
    "description": "X# is an open source development language for .NET, based on the xBase language.",
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    "example": "FUNCTION start AS VOID  LOCAL oErr AS OBJECT  LOCAL nI AS LONG  LOCAL f AS FLOAT  oErr := Error{}  f := Seconds()  nI := 0  FOR VAR nX := 1 TO 10_000_000     IF IsInstanceOf(oErr, #Error)        nI++     ENDIF  NEXT  ? Seconds() - f, nI  f := Seconds()  FOR VAR nX := 1 TO 10_000_000     IF oErr IS Error        nI++     ENDIF  NEXT  ? Seconds() - f, nI  WAIT",
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    "id": "mai-basic-four",
    "name": "MAI Basic Four",
    "appeared": 1974,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3848,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "MAI Basic Four (sometimes written as Basic/Four Corporation or Basic 4) refers to a variety of Business Basic, the computers that ran it, and the company that sold them (its name at various times given as MAI Basic Four Inc., MAI Basic Four Information Systems, and MAI Systems Corporation). MAI Systems Corporation became a wholly owned subsidiary of Softbrands Inc. in 2006.  Basic/Four Corporation was created as a subsidiary of Management Assistance, Inc. in Irvine, California. Basic/Four sold small business minicomputers that were assembled from Microdata Corporation CPUs. MAI Basic Four Business Basic was one of the first commercially available business BASIC interpreters. MAI Basic Four (the company) originally sold minicomputers but later offered superminicomputers and microcomputers. The computers ran an operating system with the BASIC interpreter integrated. In 1985, Wall Street financier Bennett S. LeBow purchased the company after it had experienced significant operating financial losses. In 1988,  LeBow used the company as a platform for an unsuccessful attempted hostile takeover of much larger Prime Computer.The company released accounting software for third-party microcomputers in the mid 1980's.  In 1988 it released its own 80286-based workstation.  The Basic4 system was utilized by many small banks and credit unions. In 1990 the company changed its name to  MAI Systems Corp. and changed its business to be a system integrator instead of a combined hardware and software manufacturer, reselling third-party computers but installing their own customer-specific software system.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 12,
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    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 43,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 10135405,
    "lab": "MAI Systems",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 80,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAI_Basic_Four",
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  {
    "id": "acorn-atom",
    "name": "Acorn Atom",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3849,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18414,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "The Acorn Atom is a home computer made by Acorn Computers Ltd from 1980 to 1982, when it was replaced by the BBC Micro. The Micro began life as an upgrade to the Atom, originally known as the Proton. The Atom was a progression of the MOS Technology 6502-based machines that the company had been making from 1979. The Atom was a cut-down Acorn System 3 without a disk drive but with an integral keyboard and cassette tape interface, sold in either kit or complete form. In 1980 it was priced between £120 in kit form, £170 ready assembled, to over £200 for the fully expanded version with 12 KB of RAM and the floating point extension ROM. The minimum Atom had 2 KB of RAM and 8 KB of ROM, with the maximum specification machine having 12 KB of each.  An additional floating point ROM was also available.  The 12 KB of RAM was divided between 1 KB for the zero page, 5 KB available for programs, and 6 KB for the high resolution graphics. The zero page was used by the CPU for stack storage, by the OS, and by the Atom BASIC for storage of the 27 variables.  If high resolution graphics were not required then 5½ KB of the upper memory could be used for program storage. It had an MC6847 Video Display Generator (VDG) video chip, allowing for both text and graphics modes. It could be connected to a TV or modified to output to a video monitor. Basic video memory was 1 KB but could be expanded to 6 KB. Since the MC6847 could only output at 60 Hz, meaning that the video could not be resolved on a large proportion of European TV sets, a 50 Hz PAL colour card was later made available. Six video modes were available, with resolutions from 64×64 in 4 colours, up to 256×192 in monochrome.  At the time, 256×192 was considered to be high resolution. It had built-in BASIC (Atom BASIC), a fast but idiosyncratic version, which included indirection operators (similar to PEEK and POKE) for bytes and words (of 4 bytes each).  Assembly code could be included within a BASIC program, because the BASIC interpreter also contained an assembler for the 6502 assembly language which assembled the inline code during program execution and then executed it. This was a very unusual, but also very useful, function. In late 1982, Acorn released an upgrade ROM chip for the Atom which allowed users to switch between Atom BASIC and the more advanced BASIC used by the BBC Micro. The upgrade was purely to the programming language; the Atom's graphics and sound capabilities remained unchanged, and hence, contrary to some pre-release beliefs, the BBC BASIC ROM did not allow Atom users to run commercial BBC Micro software, since nearly all of it took advantage of the BBC machine's much more advanced graphics and sound hardware. Commercial BBC Micro cassettes could not have been loaded anyway, as they ran at a transfer rate of 1200 baud and the Atom's cassette interface only supported 300 baud. The manual for the Atom was called Atomic Theory and Practice and was written by David Johnson-Davies, subsequently Managing Director of Acornsoft. (The manual used the jargon 'pling' for exclamation mark, a term which may have originated at Acorn, and of which this may have been the first published usage.) The Acorn LAN, Econet, was first configured on the Atom. The case was designed by industrial designer Allen Boothroyd of Cambridge Product Design Ltd.",
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    "lab": "Acorn Computers",
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    "id": "vissim",
    "name": "VisSim",
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    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 3850,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1989,
    "wikipedia_related": "c udp matlab simulink",
    "wikipedia_summary": "VisSim is a visual block diagram program for simulation of dynamical systems and model based design of embedded systems, with its own visual language. It is developed by Visual Solutions of Westford, Massachusetts. Visual Solutions, has been acquired by Altair in August 2015 and its products have been rebranded as solidThinking Embed as a part of solidThinking's Model Based Development Suite. With solidThinking Embed, you can develop virtual prototypes of dynamic systems. Models are built by sliding blocks into the work area and wiring them together with the mouse. Embed automatically converts the control diagrams into C-code ready to be downloaded to the target hardware. VisSim or now solidThinking Embed uses a graphical data flow paradigm to implement dynamic systems based on differential equations. Version 8 adds interactive UML OMG 2 compliant state chart graphs that are placed in VisSim diagrams. This allows the modeling of state based systems such as startup sequencing of process plants or serial protocol decoding.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 35,
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    "isOpenSource": "false",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 195,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VisSim",
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    "id": "tahoe-lafs",
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    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "filesystem",
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    "rank": 3851,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Tahoe-LAFS (Tahoe Least-Authority File Store) is a free and open, secure, decentralized, fault-tolerant, distributed data store and distributed file system. It can be used as an online backup system, or to serve as a file or Web host similar to Freenet, depending on the front-end used to insert and access files in the Tahoe system. Tahoe can also be used in a RAID-like fashion using multiple disks to make a single large Redundant Array of Inexpensive Nodes (RAIN) pool of reliable data storage. The system is designed and implemented around the \"principle of least authority\" (POLA). Strict adherence to this convention is enabled by the use of cryptographic capabilities that provide the minimum set of privileges necessary to perform a given task by asking agents. A RAIN array acts as a storage volume; these servers do not need to be trusted by confidentiality or integrity of the stored data.",
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    "id": "aztec-c",
    "name": "Aztec C",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
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    "rank": 3852,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "c",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Aztec C is a C compiler for MS-DOS, Apple II DOS 3.3 and ProDOS, Commodore 64, early Macintosh, CP/M-80, Amiga, and Atari ST.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 11,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 14352493,
    "lab": "Manx Software Systems",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 75,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aztec_C",
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    "id": "cbasic",
    "name": "CBASIC",
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    "measurements": 7,
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    "rank": 3853,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1976,
    "wikipedia_related": "pl-m basic mbasic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "CBASIC is a compiled version of the BASIC programming language written for the CP/M operating system by Gordon Eubanks in 1976–1977. It is an enhanced version of BASIC-E.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 11,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 6900131,
    "lab": "Naval Postgraduate School",
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    "country": "United States",
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    "id": "forte-4gl",
    "name": "Forte 4GL",
    "appeared": 1994,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3854,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18381,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1994,
    "wikipedia_related": "java",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Forté 4GL was a proprietary application server that was developed by Forté Software and used for developing scalable, highly available, enterprise applications.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 11,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 11,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 70,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3995907,
    "lab": "Forté Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 75,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
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    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "uncol",
    "name": "UNCOL",
    "appeared": 1958,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "ir",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3855,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18381,
    "hoplId": 143,
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    "primaryTag": "ir",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1958,
    "wikipedia_related": "compiler-compiler llvmir",
    "wikipedia_summary": "UNCOL (Universal Computer Oriented Language) was a proposed universal intermediate language for compilers introduced by Melvin E. Conway in 1958. It was never fully specified or implemented; in many ways it was more a concept than a language. UNCOL was intended to make compilers economically available for each new instruction set architecture and programming language. Each machine architecture would require just one compiler back end, and each programming language would require one compiler front end. This was a very ambitious goal in 1961 because compiler technology was in its infancy, and little was standardized in computer hardware and software. The concept of such a universal intermediate language is old: the SHARE report (1958) already says \"[it has] been discussed by many independent persons as long ago as 1954.\" Macrakis (1993) summarizes its fate:  UNCOL was an ambitious effort for the early 1960s. An attempt to solve the compiler-writing problem, it ultimately failed because language and compiler technology were not yet mature. In the 1970s, compiler-compilers ultimately contributed to solving the problem that UNCOL set itself: the economical production of compilers for new languages and new machines.  UNCOL is sometimes used as a generic term for the idea of a universal intermediate language. The Architecture Neutral Distribution Format is an example of an UNCOL in this sense.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 11,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 9,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 771869,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 75,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNCOL",
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  {
    "id": "atari-microsoft-basic",
    "name": "Atari Microsoft BASIC",
    "appeared": 1981,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3856,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18345,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1982,
    "wikipedia_related": "atari-basic microsoft-basic turbo-basic-xl optimized-systems-software",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Atari Microsoft BASIC and Atari Microsoft BASIC II variants of the BASIC programming language were ROM cartridge or floppy disk packaged versions of the Microsoft BASIC dialect ported to the Atari 8-bit machines. Atari originally licensed Microsoft BASIC for use in their 8-bit computers, but were unable to fit it in an 8 KB ROM cartridge, the largest cartridge size available at the time. They outsourced to another company, Shepardson Microsystems Inc. (SMI), who had similar problems fitting the language onto an 8k cartridge. SMI proposed creating an entirely new version of BASIC for the new platforms, and built Atari BASIC instead. Atari Microsoft BASIC, unlike Atari BASIC, didn't allow abbreviations for keywords; keywords had to be fully spelled out. Syntax checking occurred after running a program, not immediately after entering the line. Also, arithmetic operations with integers resulted in an integer result.  Atari Microsoft BASIC came in two packages:  Floppy disk – CX8126 ROM cartridge – RX8035. Since the cartridge could only hold 16 KB, the remaining 11 KB file was included on an \"extension\" disk. The cartridge version was called Atari Microsoft BASIC II.Although more feature filled than Atari BASIC, Microsoft BASIC never had the popularity that Atari BASIC had. The biggest problems were:  increased memory needed (at least 32 KB) disk drive required performance (faster than Atari BASIC, but slower than Turbo-Basic XL and BASIC XL) not compatible with Atari BASIC added costThe cartridge version eliminated the first two requirements, but a disk drive was needed for all of its features.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 84,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 69,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 555301,
    "lab": "Microsoft",
    "isOpenSource": "false",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_Microsoft_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "ca-telon",
    "name": "CA-Telon",
    "appeared": 1981,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3857,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18345,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1981,
    "wikipedia_related": "cullinet cobol pl-i synon",
    "wikipedia_summary": "TELON, later renamed CA-TELON, is one of the first commercially successful application generators for building business applications.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 5,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 68,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 5332972,
    "lab": "CA Technologies",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CA-Telon",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "gello",
    "name": "Gello Expression Language",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3858,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18345,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_summary": "The GELLO Expression Language was started in 2001 and introduced in 2002; in 2005, GELLO was adopted as an international standard by Health Level Seven International and ANSI for a decision support language. GELLO Release 2 was completed and approved by ANSI in June 2010. The GELLO specifications have been developed in coordination with the HL7 Clinical Decision Support TC (CDSTC)GELLO is a class-based object-oriented programming language and a relative of the Object Constraint Language (OCL). OCL is a well-developed constraint language that makes it attractive for use as an expression language. The intention was for GELLO to evolve as a standard query and expression language for decision support.GELLO creates the potential for many decision support options, as the full array of atomic patient data is greatly accessible to complement better, safer clinical decision making by health professionals. Furthermore, this enables specialist clinicians to customize their current systems and create flexible purpose built decision support systems.Standardization of GELLO it has made this language compatible with the HL7 version 3.0 Reference Information Model (RIM). GELLO uses an abstract \"virtual medical record\" (vMR) so that the same GELLO code can run on multiple systems accessing data stored in different formats. The vMR is a simplified view of the HL7 RIM.The current focus of the HL7 CDS WG is to build on the Clinical Quality Language (CQL)",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 14,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 26322208,
    "lab": "American National Standards Institute",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gello_Expression_Language",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "ifps",
    "name": "IFPS",
    "appeared": 1970,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3859,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18345,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1970,
    "wikipedia_summary": "IFPS (Interactive Financial Planning System) was a financial modeling language created by professor Gerald R. Wagner and his students of the University of Texas at Austin in the late 1970s. IFPS was marketed by Execucom, an Austin-based company started by Wagner. The company was acquired by Comshare in 1991.IFPS was available for a variety of platforms, including IBM mainframes (VM/CMS), DEC VAX, various flavors of Unix, DOS-based PCs and Macintosh Computers (named \"Mindsight\"- running on two floppies). There were a number of versions, from about 1985,  including optimization and a data area for storing data separately from models. IFPS seems to have been an important inspiration for the Javelin financial modeling application. Some parts of the IFPS approach were later used by Lotus's Improv- like the separation of model logic and data. Difference to spreadsheet software (Lotus 1-2-3 and later Excel): Mainframe and PC/Mac versions of IFPS completely separated the logic model (connections between variables) and the data. Both were bound together by data placeholder (like \"earnings in Year1\" in the logic model - to easily run scenarios . (Spreadsheet) columns were represented by Name1, Name2, name3 etc. The model logic was written in lines with placeholder- oriented text ( \"earnings=sales-costs\" etc.). Comment lines on the model could be included anywhere with //. IFPS mainframe versions also allowed to simulate stochastic events by providing a range of probability distributions. The IFPS approach made it easy to communicate complex models even to laymen and managers. IFPS was eventually out-competed by spreadsheets.  IFPS was an essential financial model-development tool for long range planning and strategic planning, popular business practices in the 1980's.  As an \"English-like\" language, IFPS made it very simple to express relationships among financial concepts without having to worry about sequential logic, as the program would figure out dependencies among variables.  This allowed for simple creation of both financial and managerial accounting statements.   I was fortunate to work with IFPS for over ten years as an analyst at Champlin Petroleum aka. Union Pacific Resources.  I also attended seminars and conferences put on by Gerald Wagner and his team at EXECUCOM.   I believe it was the rise of risk management in the commodity industries over \"assumption-based\" techniques like long range planning, rather than spreadsheets per se, which contributed to IFPS loss in popularity. [Edit by David Benepe]",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 22,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 13985611,
    "lab": "University of Texas at Austin",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IFPS",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "ometa",
    "name": "OMeta",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "grammarLanguage",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3860,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18345,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "grammarLanguage",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2007,
    "wikipedia_summary": "OMeta is a specialized object-oriented programming language for pattern matching, developed by Alessandro Warth and Ian Piumarta in 2007 under the Viewpoints Research Institute. The language is based on Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) rather than Context-Free Grammars with the intent of providing “a natural and convenient way for programmers to implement tokenizers, parsers, visitors, and tree-transformers”.OMeta's main goal is to allow a broader audience to use techniques generally available only to language programmers, such as parsing. It is also known for its use in quickly creating prototypes, though programs written in OMeta are noted to be generally less efficient than those written in vanilla (base language) implementations, such as JavaScript.OMeta is noted for its use in creating domain-specific languages, and especially for the maintainability of its implementations (Newcome). OMeta, like other meta languages, requires a host language; it was originally created as a COLA implementation.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 15,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 40847963,
    "lab": "Viewpoints Research Institute",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OMeta",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "optimized-systems-software",
    "name": "Optimized Systems Software",
    "appeared": 1981,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3861,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18345,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1981,
    "wikipedia_related": "atari-basic action fat basic-ap algol c isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Optimized Systems Software (OSS) was a company that produced disk operating systems, programming languages, and applications primarily for the Atari 8-bit family of home computers, but some products were also sold for the Apple II. OSS was best known for their enhanced versions of Atari BASIC and the MAC/65 assembler (both of which are much faster than Atari's products) and the Action! programming language. OSS transitioned to other platforms with Personal Pascal for the Atari ST and Personal Prolog for Macintosh (which was also advertised for the Atari ST, but may not have been released). OSS was not as significant in those markets.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 107,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 161,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1965451,
    "lab": "Shepardson Microsystems",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimized_Systems_Software",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "run-basic",
    "name": "Run BASIC",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3862,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18345,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2008,
    "wikipedia_related": "liberty-basic basic html css javascript sqlite perl php linux",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Run BASIC is a web application server, based on the Liberty BASIC version of the BASIC programming language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 96,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 56,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 9043633,
    "lab": "Shoptalk Systems",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "sr-programming-language",
    "name": "SR",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3863,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18345,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2008,
    "wikipedia_related": "occam",
    "wikipedia_summary": "SR (short for Synchronizing Resources) is a programming language designed for concurrent programming. Resources encapsulate processes and the variables they share, and can be separately compiled. Operations provide the primary mechanism for process interaction. SR provides a novel integration of the mechanisms for invoking and servicing operations. Consequently, it supports local and remote procedure call, rendezvous, message passing, dynamic process creation, multicast, semaphores and shared memory. Version 2.2 has been ported to the Apollo, DECstation, Data General AViiON, HP 9000 Series 300, Multimax, NeXT, PA-RISC, RS/6000, Sequent Symmetry, SGI IRIS, Sun-3, Sun-4 and others.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 9,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 28,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 485875,
    "lab": "University of Arizona",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SR_%28programming_language%29",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "zpp",
    "name": "Z++",
    "appeared": 1991,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3864,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18339,
    "hoplId": 1607,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1990,
    "wikipedia_related": "z-notation",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Z++ is also a version of the C++ programming language (not to be confused with Z++ that this article is about).Z++  (pronounced zee plus plus) was an object-oriented extension to the Z specification language. Z++ is an object-oriented extension to the Z specification language, allowing for the definition of classes, and the relation of classes through inheritance, association or aggregation. The primary construct of Z++ is a class.  A Z++ class consists of a number of clauses which are optional. Z++ Class Structure:  CLASS ClassName   [OWNS List_of_attributes]   [FUNCTIONS constant_definitions]   [TYPE type_declaration]   [ENTENDS list_of_super_classes]   [OPERATIONS list_of_state_change_operations_definitions]   [RETURNS list_of_query_operations_definitions]   [ACTIONS all_operations_declarations]   [INVARIANT predicates]   [HISTORY RTL_predicates] END CLASS",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 29,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 13,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 107,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 140589,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 165,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia_example": "CLASS ClassName   [OWNS List_of_attributes]   [FUNCTIONS constant_definitions]   [TYPE type_declaration]   [ENTENDS list_of_super_classes]   [OPERATIONS list_of_state_change_operations_definitions]   [RETURNS list_of_query_operations_definitions]   [ACTIONS all_operations_declarations]   [INVARIANT predicates]   [HISTORY RTL_predicates] END CLASS",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%2B%2B",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1607"
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  {
    "id": "qtscript",
    "name": "QtScript",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3865,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18306,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2008,
    "wikipedia_related": "javascript",
    "wikipedia_summary": "QtScript is a scripting engine that has been part of the Qt cross-platform application framework since version 4.3.0. The scripting language is based on the ECMAScript standard with a few extensions, such as QObject-style signal and slot connections. The library contains the engine, and a C++ API for evaluating QtScript code and exposing custom QObject-derived C++ classes to QtScript. The QtScript Binding Generator provides bindings for the Qt API to access directly from ECMAScript. QtScript and the binding generator are used for Amarok 2's scripting system. The current (as of Qt 4.7) implementation uses JavaScriptCore and will not be further developed. The module is deprecated as of Qt 5.5.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 27,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 145,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 64,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 9609819,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 155,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QtScript",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "atari-st-basic",
    "name": "Atari ST BASIC",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3866,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18297,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1985,
    "wikipedia_related": "metacomco basic amigabasic gfa-basic stos-basic isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Atari ST BASIC (or ST Basic) was the first dialect of BASIC that was produced for the Atari ST line of computers. It was bundled with all new STs in the early years of the ST's lifespan, and quickly became the standard BASIC for that platform. However, many users disliked it, and improved dialects of BASIC quickly came out to replace it.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 88,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 56,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1931968,
    "lab": "MetaComCo",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "England",
    "wikipedia_example": "function not yet done System error #%N, please restart",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_ST_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "basicode",
    "name": "BASICODE",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3867,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18297,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic acorn-atom pascal java pdf ascii isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "BASICODE was a computer project intended to create a unified standard for the BASIC programming language. BASIC was available on many popular home computers, but there were countless variants that were mostly incompatible with each other. The project was initiated in 1980 by Hobbyscoop, a radio program of the Dutch broadcasting organisation Nederlandse Omroep Stichting (NOS). The basic implementation were architecture-specific utility applications that executed calls of subroutines for text, audio and sound defined in the BASICODE language standard according to the abilities of the computer in question. These applications, called Bascoders, also enabled the sharing of data and programs across different computer platforms by defining a data format for the compact audio cassettes that were regularly used as storage media in the 1980s. A BASICODE program stored on cassette could be loaded and run on any computer supporting the language. BASICODE was often called \"Esperanto for computers\" for that reason.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 19,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 120,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4753069,
    "lab": "Nederlandse Omroep Stichting",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "Netherlands",
    "wikipedia_example": "minimodem --rx 1200 -q -S 1200 -M 2400 --stopbits 2 -f basicode.wav",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BASICODE",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "fenix-project",
    "name": "Fenix Project",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3868,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18297,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2010,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Fenix Project is the codename for a GNU project to create a free compiler for a scripting language derived from the one created by Hammer Technologies for the game development suite DIV Games Studio. However, several features have been added which make it incompatible with most games programmed with DIV Games Studio.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 21,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 68,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3662506,
    "lab": "Hammer Technologies",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fenix_Project",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "graphics-basic",
    "name": "Graphics BASIC",
    "appeared": 1983,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3869,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18297,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1983,
    "wikipedia_related": "commodore-basic gw-basic amigabasic unix",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Graphics BASIC is a third-party extension to the Commodore BASIC V2.0 programming language of the Commodore 64 computer. It was originally written in 1983 by Ron Gilbert and Tom McFarlane. The program was licensed to Hesware, who briefly sold the program in 1984 as part of their product line before going out of business. The program was later extended by Ken Rose and Jack Thornton, and repackaged and sold in 1985 by Epyx under the title Programmers BASIC Toolkit.  Graphics BASIC adds over 100 new commands to the BASIC language, providing an easy-to-use API to the relatively advanced (at the time) graphics and sound hardware capabilities of the Commodore 64. The only access to these features with Commodore BASIC alone is through the cumbersome use of PEEK and POKE commands. Graphics BASIC was delivered on a single 5.25\" floppy disk, containing the language itself and numerous, very simple demo programs showing off the new features of the language. A cartridge version was also available.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 35,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1459380,
    "lab": "Epyx, Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "ibm-basica",
    "name": "IBM BASICA",
    "appeared": 1981,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3870,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18297,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1981,
    "wikipedia_related": "microsoft-basic basic gw-basic ascii qbasic quickbasic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The IBM Personal Computer Basic, commonly shortened to IBM BASIC, is a programming language first released by IBM with the IBM Personal Computer (model 5150) in 1981. IBM released four different versions of the Microsoft BASIC interpreter, licensed from Microsoft for the PC and PCjr. They are known as Cassette BASIC, Disk BASIC, Advanced BASIC (BASICA), and Cartridge BASIC. Versions of Disk BASIC and Advanced BASIC were included with IBM PC DOS up to PC DOS 4. In addition to the features of an ANSI standard BASIC, the IBM versions offered support for the graphics and sound hardware of the IBM PC line. Source code could be typed in with a full screen editor, and very limited facilities were provided for rudimentary program debugging. IBM also released a version of the Microsoft BASIC compiler for the PC, concurrently with the release of PC DOS 1.10 in 1982.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 125,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 6,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 38212009,
    "lab": "IBM",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_BASICA",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "portable-standard-lisp",
    "name": "Portable Standard Lisp",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3871,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18297,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "c common-lisp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Portable Standard Lisp (PSL) is a tail-recursive dynamically bound dialect of Lisp inspired by its predecessor, Standard Lisp and the Portable Lisp Compiler. It was developed by researchers at the University of Utah in 1980, which released PSL 3.1; development was handed over to developers at Hewlett-Packard in 1982 who released PSL 3.3 and up. Portable Standard Lisp was available as a kit containing a screen editor, a compiler, and an interpreter for the 68000 processor architecture, DEC-20s, CRAY-1s, and the VAX architecture (among many others). Today, PSL is mainly developed by and available from Konrad-Zuse-Zentrum für Informationstechnik Berlin.  Its main modern use is as underlying language for implementations of Reduce.Like most older lisps, PSL in the first step compiles Lisp to LAP code, which is a platform independent language in its own.  However, where older lisps mostly compiled LAP directly to assembler or some architecture dependent intermediate,  PSL compiles the LAP to C code, which would run in a virtual machine language; so programs written in it in principle are as portable as C itself, which is very portable. The compiler itself was written in PSL or a more primitive dialect dubbed \"System Lisp\"/\"SYSLISP\" as \"an experiment in writing a production-quality Lisp in Lisp itself as much as possible, with only minor amounts of code written by hand in assembly language or other systems languages\", so the whole ensemble could bootstrap itself, and improvements to the compiler improved the compiler itself as well. Some later releases had a compatibility package for Common Lisp, but this is not sustained in the modern versions.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 51,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 29,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4243267,
    "lab": "University of Utah",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Standard_Lisp",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "real-time-cmix",
    "name": "Real-time Cmix",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3872,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18297,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1978,
    "wikipedia_related": "tcp linux minc c supercollider",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Real-Time Cmix (RTcmix) is one of the MUSIC-N family of computer music programming languages.  RTcmix is descended from the MIX program developed by Paul Lansky at Princeton University in 1978 to perform algorithmic composition using digital audio soundfiles on a IBM 3031 mainframe computer.  After synthesis functions were added, the program was renamed Cmix in the 1980s.  Real-time capability was added by Brad Garton and David Topper in the mid-1990s, with support for TCP socket connectivity,  interactive control of the scheduler, and object-oriented embedding of the synthesis engine into fully featured applications. Over the years Cmix/RTcmix has run on a variety of computer platforms and operating systems, including NeXT, Sun Microsystems, IRIX, Linux, and Mac OS X.  It is and has always been an open source project, differentiating it from commercial synthesizers and music software.  It is currently developed by a group of computer music researchers at Princeton, Columbia University, and the University of Virginia. RTcmix has a number of unique (or highly unusual) features when compared with other synthesis and signal processing languages.  For one, it has a built-in MINC parser, which enables the user to write C-style code within the score file, extending its innate capability for algorithmic composition and making it closer in some respects to later music software such as SuperCollider and Max/MSP.  It uses a single-script instruction file (the score file), and synthesis and signal processing routines (called instruments) exist as compile  shared libraries.  This is different from MUSIC-N languages such as  Csound where the instruments exist in a second file written in a specification language that builds the routines out of simple building blocks (organized as opcodes or unit generators).  RTcmix has similar functionality to Csound and other computer music languages, however, and their shared lineage means that scripts written for one language will be extremely familiar-looking (if not immediately comprehensible) to users of the other language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 158,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 34,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 479728,
    "lab": "Princeton University && Columbia University && University of Virginia",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_Cmix",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "superbasic",
    "name": "SuperBASIC",
    "appeared": 1984,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3873,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18297,
    "hoplId": 6742,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "tymshare-superbasic isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "SuperBASIC is an advanced variant of the BASIC programming language with many structured programming additions. It was developed at Sinclair Research by Jan Jones during the early 1980s. Originally SuperBASIC was intended for a home computer, code-named SuperSpectrum, then under development. This project was later cancelled; however, SuperBASIC was subsequently included in the ROM firmware of the Sinclair QL microcomputer (announced in January 1984), also serving as the command line interpreter for the QL's Qdos operating system. It is notable for being the first second-generation BASIC to be integrated into a microcomputer's operating system, so making the latter user-extendable—as exemplified by Linus Torvalds in his formative years.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 95,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 58,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 980058,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "wikipedia_example": "100 DIM month$(12,9)  110 RESTORE  120 REMark QL User Guide's \"Data Read Restore\" example ii  130 REMark (appropriately amended relative to example i)  140 FOR count=1 TO 12 : READ month$(count)  150 DATA \"January\", \"February\", \"March\"  160 DATA \"April\",\"May\",\"June\"  170 DATA \"July\",\"August\",\"September\"  180 DATA \"October\",\"November\",\"December\"  190 DATA \"SUN\",\"MON\",\"TUE\",\"WED\",\"THU\",\"FRI\",\"SAT\"  199 END DEFine Iso",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SuperBASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=6742"
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  {
    "id": "synon",
    "name": "Synon",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3874,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18288,
    "hoplId": 3435,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1984,
    "wikipedia_related": "cobol csharp java ibm-rpg",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Synon was a software company which, at its height, dominated the worldwide market for third-party application development tools for the IBM System i (formerly AS/400) platform. Its products continue to be widely used in that sector today, distributed and supported by CA Inc.. Synon pioneered what is now sometimes called Architected Rapid Application Development (ARAD).",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 26,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 93,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 440599,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 150,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synon",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=3435"
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  {
    "id": "theos-multi-user-basic",
    "name": "THEOS",
    "appeared": 1977,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3875,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18285,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1970,
    "wikipedia_related": "c linux unix pick-operating-system",
    "wikipedia_summary": "THEOS, which translates from Greek as \"God\", is an operating system which started out as OASIS, a microcomputer operating system for small computers that use the Z80 processor. Originally written in the late 1970s by Timothy S. Williams as a low-cost alternative to the more expensive mini- and mainframe- computers that were popular in the day, OASIS provided time-sharing multiuser facilities to allow several users to utilise the resources of one computer. Similar in concept to MP/M or UNIX, THEOS uses external device drivers rather than a kernel, allowing it to be more portable to other environments, though support has been primarily directed towards industry-standard hardware (i.e. PC's).  THEOS is specifically aimed at small business users, with a wide range of vertical-market applications packages being developed and supported by individuals and companies. THEOS operating systems have been distributed by THEOS Software Corporation in Walnut Creek, California, since 1983. As of 2003, Phase One Systems publishes software development tools for THEOS(R) systems. As well as porting tools, Phase One Systems distributed the Freedom query package and Control database package for THEOS systems, used to bring SQL-like data extraction tools to third-party software packages. The languages distributed with THEOS include THEOS Multi-User Basic and C. A powerful EXEC shell language can be used for task automation or to produce a turnkey system. When the operating system was launched for the IBM Personal Computer/AT in 1982, the decision was taken to change the name from OASIS to THEOS, short for THE Operating System. A number of security features exist, including dynamic passwords (where the password includes part of the date or time, or client IP address, or other dynamic elements), allow/deny security, a comprehensive inbound and outbound firewall, and an option to require a certain level of encryption in the workstation connection. In addition, the object file format is proprietary, and the operating system uses Intel \"protected mode\" to further increase defence against buffer overrun attacks. THEOS was introduced in Europe by Fujitsu and other hardware manufacturers 30 years ago, and is distributed by a number of distributors in Great Britain, Spain, Portugal, Germany, Italy and more. The 'current' version is THEOS Corona Commercial Release 6, which was released in December 2008, and a number of updates have been released since that time. The current Windows Workstation Client (as of May 2009) is version 3.16 from July 2003.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 37,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 95,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 102,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1593766,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 205,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 5,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/THEOS",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "sun-raster-format",
    "name": "Sun Raster",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "binaryDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3876,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18270,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "binaryDataFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1989,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Sun Raster was a raster graphics file format used on SunOS by Sun Microsystems. The format has no MIME type, it is specified in @(#)rasterfile.h 1.11 89/08/21 SMI. The format was used for some research papers.ACDSee, FFmpeg, GIMP, ImageMagick, IrfanView, LibreOffice, Netpbm, PaintShop Pro, and XnView among others support Sun Raster image files. In version 2.13 XnView supported the file extensions .ras and .sun for this graphics file format. In version 2.1.4 FFmpeg could encode and decode Sun Raster pixel formats bgr24, pal8, gray, and monow. The format does not support transparency. The plain text Sun icon format specified in @(#)icon_load.h 10.5 89/09/05 SMI is unrelated to the Sun Raster format.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 25,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 111,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 42195377,
    "fileExtensions": "sun ras",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 145,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Raster",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "upic",
    "name": "UPIC",
    "appeared": 2018,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3877,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18270,
    "hoplId": 6473,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2018,
    "wikipedia_related": "puredata supercollider csound",
    "wikipedia_summary": "UPIC (Unité Polyagogique Informatique CEMAMu) is a computerised musical composition tool, devised by the composer Iannis Xenakis. It was developed at the Centre d'Etudes de Mathématique et Automatique Musicales (CEMAMu) in Paris, and was completed in 1977. Xenakis used it on his subsequent piece Mycènes Alpha (1978), and it has been used by composers such as Jean-Claude Risset (on Saxatile (1992)), François-Bernard Mâche (Hypérion (1981), Nocturne (1981), Tithon (1989), Moires (1994), Canopée (2003)), Takehito Shimazu (Illusions in Desolate Fields (1994)),  Mari King, and Curtis Roads. Aphex Twin talked about it in an interview Physically, the UPIC is a digitising tablet linked to a computer, which has a vector display. Its functionality is similar to that of the later Fairlight CMI, in that the user draws waveforms and volume envelopes on the tablet, which are rendered by the computer. Once the waveforms have been stored, the user can compose with them by drawing \"compositions\" on the tablet, with the X-axis representing time, and the Y-axis representing pitch. The compositions can be stretched in duration from a few seconds to an hour. They can also be transposed, reversed, inverted, and subject to a number of algorithmic transformations. The system allows for real time performance by moving the stylus across the tablet. The UPIC system has subsequently been expanded to allow for digitally sampled waveforms as source material, rather than purely synthesised tones. In 2005, Mode Records of New York released a 2-CD compilation of works composed with the UPIC, entitled Xenakis, UPIC, Continuum, which provides an overview of the machine's sonic possibilities. There were a couple of attempts to reproduce the UPIC system using commodity hardware, for instance Iannix, HighC, UPISketch. IanniX, which has been sponsored by the French Ministry of Culture, is a graphical open-source sequencer which syncs via Open Sound Control events and curves to a real-time environment (like Pure Data, SuperCollider, Csound, MaxMSP and openFrameworks among others). For its part, HighC is currently used as a pedagogical tool in classes ranging from early teens to Master classes in composition, while some contemporary composers, such as George Hatzimichelakis have made it part of their toolset. UPISketch is a pedagogical tool inspired by the UPIC. The first version, released in 2018, runs on OSX and iOS.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 25,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 69,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 10117751,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 145,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UPIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=6473"
  },
  {
    "id": "advanced-continuous-simulation-language",
    "name": "Advanced Continuous Simulation Language",
    "appeared": 1967,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl simulation",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3878,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18240,
    "hoplId": 282,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1967,
    "wikipedia_related": "fortran",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Advanced Continuous Simulation Language, or ACSL (pronounced \"axle\"), is a computer language designed for modeling and evaluating the performance of continuous systems described by time-dependent, nonlinear differential equations. Like SIMCOS and TUTSIM, ACSL is a dialect of the Continuous System Simulation Language (CSSL), originally designed by the Simulation Councils Inc (SCI) in 1967 in an attempt to unify the continuous simulations field.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 12,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 44,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3614270,
    "lab": "Simulation Councils",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Continuous_Simulation_Language",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=282"
  },
  {
    "id": "aplx",
    "name": "APLX",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3879,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18240,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2000,
    "wikipedia_related": "apl linux xml",
    "wikipedia_summary": "APLX is a cross-platform dialect of the programming language APL, created by British company MicroAPL, Ltd. APLX is intended for uses such as financial planning, market research, statistics, management information, and various kinds of scientific and engineering work. APLX is based on IBM's APL2, but includes several extensions. APLX version 3 was released in April and May 2005. It is available on Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS. Though APLX keeps APL's extended character set, APLX is a bit more verbose, due to the prevalence of system functions with long names, and the use of structured-control keywords. The use of explicit loops is a major deviation from earlier APL versions and derivatives. Other extensions include:  Object-oriented programming Support for .NET Framework, ActiveX, operating system resources, and connectivity Extensible Markup Language (XML) array conversion primitivesEffective July 11, 2016, MicroAPL withdrew APLX from commercial sale. British firm Dyalog, authors of APL2000, began hosting the APLX Archive website including the download area and documentation.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 45,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 25,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 933780,
    "lab": "MicroAPL, Ltd",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APLX",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "averest",
    "name": "Averest",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3880,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18240,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2011,
    "wikipedia_related": "esterel",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Averest is a synchronous programming language and set of tools to specify, verify, and implement reactive systems. It includes a compiler for synchronous programs, a symbolic model checker, and a tool for hardware/software synthesis. It can be used to model and verify finite and infinite state systems, at varied abstraction levels. It is useful for hardware design, modeling communication protocols, concurrent programs, software in embedded systems, and more. Components: compiler to translate synchronous programs to transition systems, symbolic model checker, tool for hardware/software synthesis. These cover large parts of the design flow of reactive systems, from specifying to implementing. Though the tools are part of a common framework, they are mostly independent of each other, and can be used with 3rd-party tools.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 18,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 2211949,
    "lab": "Technical University of Kaiserslautern",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "Germany",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Averest",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "basic-ap",
    "name": "BASIC A+",
    "appeared": 1983,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3881,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18240,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1983,
    "wikipedia_related": "optimized-systems-software atari-basic turbo-basic-xl",
    "wikipedia_summary": "BASIC A+ was developed by Optimized Systems Software of Cupertino, California, United States, to provide the Atari 8-bit family with an extended BASIC compatible with, but faster than, the simpler ROM-based Atari BASIC. While Atari BASIC came on an 8 KB ROM cartridge, BASIC A+ was delivered on floppy disk and took 15 KB of the computer's RAM, leaving 23 KB available for user programs in a 48 KB Atari 800. BASIC A+ was offered at a price of US$80.00 in 1983, including the products OS/A+ and EASMD (Editor/Assembler), and being an extension of Atari BASIC, came with a supplement to the latter's reference manual as its documentation. In addition to being faster than its ROM-bound counterpart, BASIC A+ provided a number of extra commands for DOS operations, player/missile graphics, and debugging.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 94,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 35,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 555899,
    "lab": "Optimized Systems Software",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BASIC_A%2B",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "mallard-basic",
    "name": "Mallard BASIC",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3882,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18240,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1970,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic cbasic zbasic x86-assembly locomotive-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Mallard BASIC is a BASIC interpreter for CP/M written by Locomotive Software and supplied with the Amstrad PCW range of small business computers, the ZX Spectrum +3 version of CP/M Plus, and the Acorn BBC Micro Z80 second Processor. In the 1980s, it was standard industry practice to bundle a BASIC interpreter with microcomputers, and the PCW followed this practice.  While it was primarily a wordprocessor for business use, it was not a dedicated WP: it also ran the CP/M operating system. Though there were existing implementations of BASIC for CP/M, such as Digital Research's CBASIC and the third-party ZBasic, they followed the earlier 1970s model of compilers, fed source code prepared in a separate text editor. Mallard was more like a traditional micro ROM BASIC, with an integrated editor which was tailored for the PCW's non-standard 90-column screen. Although the PCW actually had excellent monochrome graphics support for its time and specification, closely comparable to the Hercules Graphics Card for the PC, Mallard BASIC had no graphics support whatsoever. Instead, Locomotive optimised it for business use, with, for instance, full ISAM random-access file support, making it easier to write database applications. It was also optimised for speed –  it is named after the LNER A4 class 4468 Mallard locomotive, the fastest steam locomotive in the world, once again displaying the company's fondness for railway-oriented nomenclature. (For instance, see the company name itself.) In fact the Locomotive name came from the phrase \"To run like a train\" and it was this theme that was used to name Mallard BASIC –  no other Locomotive product was named after anything railway-oriented. The Acorn version was designed simply to run the Compact Software small business accounting products Acorn was including to target its Z80 second processor at small businesses. Mallard's major innovation designed specifically for Acorn was the addition of the Jetsam B*-tree keyed access filing system to give similar (but superior) features to the Miksam product Compact had originally designed around. Graphics could be implemented by loading the GSX extension to CP/M, but this was cumbersome for BASIC programmers. The lack of graphics support was rectified by several BASIC toolkits, of which the most popular was LEB: Lightning Extended BASIC. This patched Mallard BASIC, replacing the redundant LET keyword with LEB, which could be followed by a wide variety of parameters to allow sophisticated graphics (for the time) to be drawn on screen, saved to disc, printed, et cetera. Probably the most widespread Mallard application ever was RPED, the text editor supplied with the PCW. The name was short for Roland Perry's EDitor, the program being put together quickly by Roland Perry, the Amstrad executive running the computer product development, when it was realised that CP/M-80 came with no usable full-screen editor, but users had a requirement to edit configuration files. The same problem was apparent with DOS Plus and MS-DOS supplied with IBM-compatible Amstrad computers, but the RPED for those machines was written in 8086 assembler, and not Mallard BASIC. The PC version of Mallard Basic is still available from LocoScript Software as an MS-DOS program which will run under Windows as a Disc only version with licence or with the full Introduction & Reference manual.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
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    "lab": "Locomotive Software",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallard_BASIC",
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  {
    "id": "mortran",
    "name": "Mortran",
    "appeared": 1973,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3883,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18240,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2008,
    "wikipedia_related": "fortran",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Mortran (More Fortran) is an extension of the Fortran programming language used for scientific computation. It introduces syntax changes, including the use of semicolons to end statements, in order to improve readability and flexibility. Mortran code is macro-processed into Fortran code for compilation. Note that Mortran, like many preprocessors, does not make a complete analysis of the Fortran source and, like many preprocessors, may not always make its assumptions/requirements explicit.  Consider, for example, Mortran multiple assignment.  From the Mortran User Guide:  produces the following FORTRAN statements:  In this example, the produced Fortran implements the multiple assignment correctly only if X is not aliased to I or to A(I,K), assuming the multiple assignment semantics are left to right.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 1979848,
    "lab": "Stanford University",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
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  {
    "id": "tom-oopl",
    "name": "TOM object-oriented",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3884,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_related": "objective-c c ruby",
    "wikipedia_summary": "TOM was an object-oriented programming language developed in the 1990s that built on the lessons learned from Objective-C. The main purpose of TOM was to allow for \"unplanned reuse\" of code via a well-developed extension mechanism. This concept was introduced seemingly by accident in Objective-C and later proved to be of wide use, and was applied aggressively in TOM. The primary changes in TOM are the addition of multiple inheritance, tuples as a first-class part of the language, cleaner syntax, free of the C requirements for header files and pre-compiler commands, and the ability to use categories (the re-use mechanism) to include anything. It is this latter ability that represents \"the whole idea\". Unlike Objective-C's categories that allowed only new methods to be built onto existing classes, TOM allowed the addition of class and instance variables, new methods, even new superclasses. This results in the redefinition of \"class\" as \"a class is defined by its main definition and any extensions\", these extensions have become a first-class citizen of the language (similarly to Ruby). The book The Pragmatic Programmer lists TOM as an example for a new language to learn. Development of the TOM language has ceased.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
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  {
    "id": "amigabasic",
    "name": "AmigaBASIC",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3885,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18213,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1987,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic metacomco arexx rexx assembly-language amos blitzbasic gfa-basic true-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "AmigaBASIC was an interpreted BASIC programming language implementation for the Amiga, designed and written by Microsoft.  AmigaBASIC shipped with AmigaOS versions 1.1 to 1.3. It succeeded MetaComCo's ABasiC, which was included in AmigaOS 1.0 and 1.1, and was superseded by ARexx, a REXX-style scripting language, from AmigaOS version 2.0 onwards.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 21,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 204,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 139,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1451001,
    "lab": "Microsoft",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 125,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AmigaBASIC",
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  {
    "id": "xbel",
    "name": "XBEL",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3886,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18192,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2006,
    "wikipedia_related": "xml python",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The XML Bookmark Exchange Language (XBEL), is an open XML standard for sharing Internet URIs, also known as bookmarks (or favorites in Internet Explorer). An example of XBEL use is the XBELicious application, which stores Del.icio.us bookmarks in XBEL format. The Galeon, Konqueror, Arora and Midori web browsers use XBEL as the format for storing user bookmarks. The SiteBar bookmark server can import and export bookmarks in XBEL format. XBEL was created by the Python XML Special Interest Group \"to create an interesting, fun project which was both useful and would demonstrate the Python XML processing software which was being developed at the time\".It is also used by Nautilus and gedit of the GNOME desktop environment.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 35,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 159,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 46,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4368284,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 195,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 5,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XBEL",
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  {
    "id": "bancstar-programming-language",
    "name": "BANCStar",
    "appeared": 1996,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3887,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18184,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
    "wikipedia_summary": "BANCStar is a specialist  computer programming language for financial applications. The language is an internal language for the National Financial Computer Services, Inc (later Broadway & Seymour) BANCStar application, which is software to automate the operations of a bank branch.The language is a fixed format four integer command language NFCS internally referred to as \"Screen Code\". It resembles an esoteric programming language; so much so that it has sometimes been mistaken for a joke language. Conceptually the BANCStar application executed \"Screen Code\" much like a primitive Virtual Machine. In the 5.1c release the only legal characters are the  numerals 0–9, the comma, the minus sign and the carriage return.  However, it is used in real commercial applications. It was originally intended as generated code from a user interface-building tool — similar to bytecode rendered in ASCII — but due to limitations in the tool, it became a directly programmed language in itself.The BANCStar 10.0 release changed the \"Screen Code\" format to binary, and rearranged the numeric codes into an opcode with a variable number of parameter integers. The 10.0 opcode encoded a bit mapped length value that indicated the length of the command in words.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 9,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 14938248,
    "lab": "National Financial Computer Services",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 55,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
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  {
    "id": "codegear-delphi",
    "name": "CodeGear Delphi",
    "appeared": 1995,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3888,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18184,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1995,
    "wikipedia_related": "object-pascal pascal ia-32 ios android linux turbo-pascal assembly-language java uml xml cil php visual-basic oxygene free-pascal",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Delphi is an integrated development environment (IDE) for rapid application development of desktop, mobile, web, and console software, developed by Embarcadero Technologies. It is also an event-driven language.  Delphi's compilers use their own Object Pascal dialect of Pascal and generate native code for Microsoft Windows, macOS (IA-32 only), iOS, Android and Linux (x64 only). Since 2016, there have been new releases of Delphi every six months, with new platforms being added approximately every second release.Delphi includes a code editor, a visual designer, an integrated debugger, a source code control component, and support for third-party plugins. The code editor features Code Insight (code completion), Error Insight (real-time error-checking), and refactoring. The visual forms designer has traditionally used Visual Component Library (VCL) for native Windows development, but the FireMonkey (FMX) platform was later added for cross-platform development. Database support in Delphi is very strong. A Delphi project of a million lines to compile in a few seconds – one benchmark gave 170,000 lines per second. Delphi was originally developed by Borland as a rapid application development tool for Windows as the successor of Turbo Pascal. Delphi added full object-oriented programming to the existing language, and since then the language has grown to support generics and anonymous methods, and native Component Object Model (COM) support. In 2006, Borland’s developer tools section was transferred from Borland to a wholly owned subsidiary known as CodeGear, which was sold to Embarcadero Technologies in 2008. In 2015, Embarcadero was purchased by Idera Software, but the Embarcadero mark was retained for the developer tools division. Delphi and its C++ counterpart, C++Builder, are interoperable. They share many core components, notably the IDE, VCL, and much of the runtime library. In addition, they can be used jointly in a project. For example, C++Builder 6 and later can consume Delphi source code and C++ in one project, while packages compiled with C++Builder can be used from within Delphi. In 2007, the products were released jointly as RAD Studio, a shared host for Delphi and C++Builder, which can be purchased with either or both.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 128,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 3,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 349208,
    "lab": "Borland Software Corporation && Embarcadero Technologies",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 55,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "procedure TForm1.ShowSomethingOnCreate; begin   Label1.Text := 'Hello World!'; end;",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CodeGear_Delphi",
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  {
    "id": "data-access-language",
    "name": "Data Access Language",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3889,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18184,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1990,
    "wikipedia_related": "sql unix pl-sql transact-sql hypercard",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Data Access Language, or simply DAL, was a SQL-like language and application programming interface released by Apple Computer in 1990 to provide unified client/server access to database management systems. It was known for poor performance and high costs, something Apple did little to address over its short lifetime, before it was sold off in 1994. DAL is used as the native SQL dialect of the PrimeBase SQL server, as well as the now-defunct Butler SQL.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 42,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1919898,
    "lab": "Apple",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 55,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Access_Language",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "service-modeling-language",
    "name": "Service Modeling Language",
    "appeared": 2009,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3890,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18184,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2009,
    "wikipedia_related": "xml xpath",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Service Modeling Language (SML) and Service Modeling Language Interchange Format (SML-IF) are a pair of XML-based specifications created by leading information technology companies that define a set of XML instance document extensions for expressing links between elements, a set of XML Schema extensions for constraining those links, and a way to associate Schematron rules with global element declarations, global complex type definitions, and/or model documents.  The SML specification defines model concepts, and the SML-IF specification describes a packaging format for exchanging SML-based models. SML and SML-IF were standardized in a W3C working group chartered to produce W3C Recommendations for the Service Modeling Language by refining the “Service Modeling Language” (SML) Member Submission, addressing implementation experience and feedback on the specifications. The submission was from an industry group consisting of representatives from BEA Systems, BMC, CA, Cisco, Dell, EMC, HP, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, and Sun Microsystems. They were published as W3C Recommendations on May 12, 2009. In the market and in applying by vendors, SML is seen as a successor/replacement for earlier developed standards like DCML and Microsoft's (in hindsight) proprietary System Definition Model or SDM. See  for a historically helpful relation between SDM and DCML, and  for the joint pressrelease announcing SML. In the Microsoft section of it the sequel role to SDM is mentioned.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 48,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 6211462,
    "lab": "W3C",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 55,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_Modeling_Language",
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  {
    "id": "abc-80",
    "name": "ABC 80",
    "appeared": 1978,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3891,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18174,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1978,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic assembly-language",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The ABC 80 (Advanced BASIC Computer 80) was a personal computer engineered by the Swedish corporation Dataindustrier AB (DIAB) and manufactured by Luxor in Motala, Sweden in the late 1970s and early 1980s. It was introduced on the market in August 1978. The ABC 80 was based on an earlier modular computer system from the same company and built around a Z80 and 16 KB of ROM containing a fast semi-compiling BASIC interpreter. It had 16-32 KB of RAM as main memory and a dedicated (included) tape recorder for program and data storage, but could also be expanded to handle disk drives as well as many other peripherals.  The ROM could be extended in increments of 1 or 4KB in order to handle such so called \"options\". The monitor was a black and white TV set modified for the purpose, an obvious choice since Luxor also made TVs. The ABC 80 was used in schools and officies around Scandinavia and parts of Europe. It was also used for industrial automation, scientific measurement and control systems. Like its successor, the ABC 800, the computer had an unusually quick and usable BASIC with excellent I/O response times, something that was often discovered when trying to switch to IBM PC-based personal computers. Due to its roots in an industrial computer system, the ABC 80 also had a flexible bus extension system with many (external) expansion and peripheral cards available for various purposes and applications, as well as high quality support and documentation. ABC 80 was also manufactured on license as BRG ABC80 by Budapesti Rádiótechnikai Gyár in Hungary. It used the same keyboard, but the case was metal instead of plastic.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 19,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 32,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 133,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 164108,
    "lab": "Dataindustrier AB",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 115,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_80",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "amiga-programming-languages",
    "name": "Amigas",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3892,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18174,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1985,
    "wikipedia_related": "gfa-basic blitzbasic purebasic aztec-c free-pascal forth logo oberon perl ruby amiga-e python rebol arexx scheme scm modula-2 java ml metacomco vrml visual-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "This article deals with programming languages used in the Amiga line of computers, running the AmigaOS operating system and its derivatives AROS and MorphOS. It is a split of the main article Amiga software. See also related articles Amiga productivity software, Amiga music software, Amiga Internet and communications software and Amiga support and maintenance software for other information regarding software that runs on Amiga.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 19,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 10,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 57,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 31235619,
    "lab": "Amiga",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 115,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiga_programming_languages",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "visual-objects",
    "name": "Visual Objects",
    "appeared": 1994,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3893,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18174,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2012,
    "wikipedia_related": "clipper c xbase",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Visual Objects is an object-oriented computer programming language that is used to create computer programs that operate primarily under Windows. Although it can be used as a general-purpose programming tool, it is almost exclusively used to create database programs. The original Visual Objects project (code-named Aspen) was started as part of Nantucket's attempts to bring the Clipper language to Windows, and move from the procedural to the object-oriented style. It also converted Clipper from a p-code system to being a true native compiler and introduced more elements of the C language (such as typed variables), while including Windows extensions (such as COM, ODBC, and later ADO). With its symbol datatype, it offers the ability to form name-based linkages, which may be used to connect menu events to object methods or form direct linkages between server columns and controls. The Windows version was finally brought to market by Computer Associates.  Unfortunately it was released before it was market-ready and in almost head-to-head competition with the first release of Borland's Delphi product. The language is still in use however the last release by GrafX Software was in 2012 of version 2.8 sp4 (version number 2838). GrafX announced that after this no new versions would be released. The next incarnation of the Visual Objects language is Vulcan.NET, written by GrafX from scratch to be both Visual Objects compatible and be a true CLS compliant .NET language, taking full advantage of the .NET framework.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 19,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 26,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 115,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "reference": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!search/$20ca$20%22visual$20objects%22/comp.lang.basic.visual/nZWXZwqt3Lw/TIKnJWhYikgJ",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Objects",
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  {
    "id": "ibm-i-control-language",
    "name": "IBM i Control Language",
    "appeared": 1993,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3894,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18147,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2004,
    "wikipedia_related": "jcl pl-i powershell unix c",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The IBM i Control Language (CL) is a scripting language for the IBM's IBM i platform (previously called OS/400 when running on AS/400 systems) bearing a resemblance to the IBM Job Control Language and consisting of an ever-expanding set of command objects (*CMD) used to invoke traditional AS/400 programs and/or get help on what those programs do. CL can also be used to create CL programs (congruent to shell scripts) where there are additional commands that provide program-like functionality (IF/ELSE, variable declaration, file input, etc.) Although CL is a scripting language for system administration, it is used mainly to create compiled programs. The use of interpreted CL scripts through the SBMDBJOB command  is in fact extremely limited. While thousands of commands were written by IBM developers to perform system level tasks like compiling programs, backing up data, changing system configurations, displaying system object details, or deleting them, commands are not limited to systems level concerns and can be drafted for user applications as well.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2014,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 18,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 16,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 163,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 431985,
    "lab": "IBM",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 110,
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    "id": "absys",
    "name": "ABSYS",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Absys was an early declarative programming language from the University of Aberdeen.  It anticipated a number of features of Prolog such as negation as failure, aggregation operators, the  central role of backtracking and constraint solving.  Absys was the first implementation of a logic programming language.The name Absys was chosen as an abbreviation for Aberdeen System.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 6,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 50,
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    "reference": "https://semanticscholar.org/paper/3ee349b69c1fb7404770d4ea7bc17d21046e934d",
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    "id": "rexon",
    "name": "Rexon",
    "appeared": 1978,
    "measurements": 7,
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    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3896,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Rexon Business Machines, later Rexon, Inc., was a manufacturer of small business computer systems founded by Ben C. Wang in 1978 in Culver City, California.  It also became a major manufacturer of tape drives and related products.  At its height, it played a significant role in the development and sale of magnetic tape data storage products.  It traded on the NASDAQ under the symbol REXN until it filed for bankruptcy in 1995  and was acquired by Legacy Storage Systems, a Canadian company.  It was last headquartered in Longmont, Colorado.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rexon",
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    "id": "dcat",
    "name": "Data Catalog Vocabulary",
    "appeared": 2014,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "schema",
    "website": "https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat-2/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3897,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18126,
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    "primaryTag": "schema",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT) is an RDF vocabulary designed to facilitate interoperability between data catalogs published on the Web. By using DCAT to describe datasets in catalogs, publishers increase discoverability and enable applications to consume metadata from multiple catalogs. It enables decentralized publishing of catalogs and facilitates federated dataset search across catalogs. Aggregated DCAT metadata can serve as a manifest file to facilitate digital preservation.The original DCAT vocabulary was developed at DERI, further developed by W3C's eGov Interest Group, then brought onto the Recommendation Track by W3C's \"Government Linked Data\" Working Group. DCAT is the foundation for open dataset descriptions in the European Union public sector and was adapted by the ISA programme of the European Commission.As DCAT is extensible, more specific extensions have been created in the statistical and geodata domains.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 17,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 106,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Catalog_Vocabulary",
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    "id": "omnis-studio",
    "name": "Omnis Studio",
    "appeared": 1982,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3898,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18122,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1979,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux android java ucsd-pascal",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Omnis Studio is a rapid application development (RAD) tool that allows programmers and application developers to create enterprise, web, and mobile applications for Windows, Linux, and macOS personal computers and servers across all business sectors. The Omnis JavaScript Client allows developers to build all types of web applications and mobile applications by presenting a highly functional interface in the user's desktop web browser, or on tablet and mobile devices. The business logic and database access in such web and mobile applications is handled by the Omnis server. The Omnis server also can act as a hub between database servers, services based on Java and .Net and clients like Adobe Air & Flex transferring data in the form of XML or Web services.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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  {
    "id": "transaction-language-1",
    "name": "Transaction Language 1",
    "appeared": 1984,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3899,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18107,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1984,
    "wikipedia_related": "ascii",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Transaction Language 1 (TL1) is a widely used management protocol in telecommunications. It is a cross-vendor, cross-technology man-machine language, and is widely used to manage optical (SONET) and broadband access infrastructure in North America. TL1 is used in the input and output messages that pass between Operations Support Systems (OSSs) and Network Elements (NEs). Operations domains such as surveillance, memory administration, and access and testing define and use TL1 messages to accomplish specific functions between the OS and the NE. TL1 is defined in Telcordia Technologies (formerly Bellcore) Generic Requirements document GR-831-CORE.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 28,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 9,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 842122,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 160,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction_Language_1",
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  {
    "id": "acornsoft-logo",
    "name": "Acornsoft Logo",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3900,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_related": "logo",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Acornsoft Logo is a commercial implementation of the Logo programming language for the 8-bit BBC Micro and Acorn Electron computers.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 31,
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    "lab": "BBN",
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acornsoft_Logo",
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  {
    "id": "alcor",
    "name": "ALCOR",
    "appeared": 1959,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3901,
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    "wikipedia_related": "algol-60",
    "wikipedia_summary": "For the cryonics organization, see Alcor Life Extension Foundation. ALCOR is a radar tracking station in Roi-Namur island in the north part of the Kwajalein atoll in the Marshall Islands.ALCOR is an early computer language definition created by the ALCOR Group, a consortium of universities, research institutions and manufacturers in Europe and the United States which was founded in 1959 and which had 60 members in 1966. The group had the aim of a common compiler specification for a subset of ALGOL 60 after the ALGOL meeting in Copenhagen in 1958.",
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  {
    "id": "data-general-business-basic",
    "name": "Data General Business Basic",
    "appeared": 1970,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3902,
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    "wikipedia_related": "basic cobol b32-business-basic unix",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Data General Business Basic was a BASIC interpreter (based on MAI Basic Four's version) developed by Data General for their Nova minicomputer in the 1970s, and later ported to the Data General Eclipse MV and AViiON computers. Most business applications for the Nova were developed in Business Basic. Business Basic was an integer-only language inspired by COBOL, and contained powerful string-handling functions and the ability to manipulate indexed files very quickly. It also provided full control over the display screen, with cursor positioning, attribute setting, and region-blanking commands. Business Basic could interface to Data General's INFOS II database, and make calls directly to the operating system. A lock server gave multiple concurrent users efficient access to database records. Small business programs could be developed and debugged rapidly with Business Basic because of the interactive nature of the interpreter, but the language did not provide many structured programming features, and as programs grew larger, maintenance became a problem. There was limited memory space for Business Basic programs on the Nova, and programmers often resorted to tricks such as self-modifying programs, which was easy to program in Business Basic, but complicated to debug. The original version of the language was \"double precision\", i.e. 32-bit (and so each integer used two 16-bit Nova words). When Data General ported the language to the MV line, they included two copies of the language, one \"double precision\", and one \"triple precision\". Unfortunately the two were incompatible with each other in subtle ways. Although Data General improved the language in some ways, such as adding multiple-line IF THEN ELSE END IF statements, they failed to lift many of the constraints of the language on the MV machines, such as a 9,999 line maximum, 384 variable limit, and maximum of 16 open files.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
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    "lab": "Data General Corporation",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_General_Business_Basic",
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  {
    "id": "enterprise-mashup-markup-language",
    "name": "Enterprise Mashup Markup Language",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3903,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2006,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "EMML, or Enterprise Mashup Markup Language, is an XML markup language for creating enterprise mashups, which are software applications that consume and mash data from variety of sources, often performing logical or mathematical operations as well as presenting data. Mashed data produced by enterprise mashups are presented in graphical user interfaces as mashlets, widgets, or gadgets. EMML can also be considered a declarative mashup domain-specific language (DSL). A mashup DSL eliminates the need for complex, time-consuming, and repeatable procedural programming logic to create enterprise mashups. EMML also provides a declarative language for creating visual tools for enterprise mashups.   The primary benefits of EMML are mashup design portability and interoperability of mashup solutions. These benefits are expected to accelerate the adoption of enterprise mashups by creating transferable skills for software developers and reducing vendor lock-in. The introduction of EMML is expected to help accelerate the trend toward the integration of Web-based applications and service-oriented architecture (SOA) technologies. Bank of America was a high-profile early supporter of EMML. Other prominent early supporters included Hewlett-Packard, Capgemini, Adobe Systems, and Intel.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
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    "lab": "JackBe Corporation",
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    "country": "United States",
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  {
    "id": "larceny",
    "name": "Larceny Scheme implementation",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3904,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2017,
    "wikipedia_related": "scheme arm c sparc",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Larceny is an implementation of the Scheme programming language built around the Twobit optimizing compiler. Larceny offers several back-ends able to target native x86 and ARMv7 code.  Petit Larceny is also available and emits C source code, which can then be further compiled to native code with an ordinary C compiler.Older versions (<0.98) included support for the SPARC architecture in Larceny, and for Microsoft's Common Language Runtime via Common Larceny.Larceny supports all major Scheme standards (R5RS, IEEE/ANSI, R6RS, and R7RS.  The Larceny software is open source and available online.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 61,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 8527916,
    "lab": "University of Oregon",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larceny_(Scheme_implementation)",
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  {
    "id": "lexx-editor",
    "name": "LEXX",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "editor",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3905,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18085,
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    "primaryTag": "editor",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1985,
    "wikipedia_summary": "LEXX is a text editor which was possibly the first to use live parsing and colour syntax highlighting. It was written by Mike Cowlishaw of IBM around 1985. The name was chosen because he wrote it as a tool for lexicographers, during an assignment for Oxford University Press's second edition of the Oxford English Dictionary. The program ran (and still, in 2018, runs) on mainframes under VM/CMS. LEXX's design was based on several other editors written by the same author (such as STET) augmented by the ability to dynamically parse text and display colour on the new colour terminals that had recently became available (PC-based, and stand-alone such as the IBM 3279). LEXX uses dynamically-loaded parsers which assign classes of elements (tokens formed from character strings) to fonts and colors. It allows indention to be used to format and show the structure of the file being edited, and other formatting options allow (for example) the hiding of selected classes of text, such as tags.  A collection of screenshots is available.LPEX ('Live Parsing Editor\") is a reimplemented derivative of the LEXX concept, originally produced for OS/2 and AIX.  It now also runs on Windows, Linux, and the Java JVM.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
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    "lab": "IBM",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEXX_(text_editor)",
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  {
    "id": "napier88",
    "name": "Napier88",
    "appeared": 1989,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3906,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1989,
    "wikipedia_related": "java s-algol ps-algol isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Napier88 is an orthogonally persistent programming language that was designed and implemented at the University of St Andrews, Scotland. The primary designer was Ron Morrison, whose initial designs were extended and implemented by Fred Brown, Richard Connor, and Al Dearle. Napier88 was ahead of its time in many ways, and was the first robustly implemented language to combine a polymorphic type system with orthogonal persistence. The language was robustly implemented and released to users from both industry and academia; up to 1,000 registered users were recorded in due course. The language, however, was only intended to provide a proof of concept for an experiment in persistent programming; some time after 1989 (the year the first implementation was in fact released) the group's interests moved on and the language was no longer maintained. Its influence lives on in various other systems however; the CORBA type ANY is distinctly recognisable in Napier88's type ANY; Microsoft's CLR uses a similar polymorphic architecture, and Java's parametric types solve some of the same problems of uninstantiated types escaping from their static scope.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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    "lab": "University of St Andrews",
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    "country": "Scotland",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napier88",
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    "id": "southampton-basic-system",
    "name": "Southampton BASIC System",
    "appeared": 1960,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3907,
    "exampleCount": 1,
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    "wikipedia_related": "basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Southampton BASIC System (SOBS) was a dialect of the BASIC programming language developed for and used on ICT 1900 series computers in the late 1960s and early 1970s; it was implemented under the MINIMOP operating system at the University of Southampton and also ran under MAXIMOP. It was operated from a Teletype terminal, though CRT terminals could also be used.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
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    "lab": "University of Southampton",
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    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
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    "id": "visual-dialogscript",
    "name": "Visual DialogScript",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3908,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "aka": "VDS",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2000,
    "wikipedia_related": "visual-basic delphi",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Visual DialogScript (VDS) is an interpreted programming language for Microsoft Windows. It can be used to create small, fast programs. VDS has a large number of dialog and graphical elements available to create professional looking programs. VDS programs have access to the Windows API; therefore, it is possible to write applications that can perform the same advanced tasks as other programming languages such as Visual Basic, C++, or Delphi.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 45738,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_DialogScript",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "watcom",
    "name": "Watcom",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3909,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1988,
    "wikipedia_related": "apl cobol pascal sql powerbuilder foxpro",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Watcom International Corporation was founded in 1981 by three former employees of the Computer Systems Group (Fred Crigger, Ian McPhee, and Jack Schueler) at the University of Waterloo, in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Watcom produced a variety of tools, including the well-known Watcom C/C++ compiler introduced in 1988.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2003,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 27,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 336,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 261936,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 155,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watcom",
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    "id": "jpeg",
    "name": "JPEG",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "binaryDataFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3910,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 3,
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    "lab": "Joint Photographic Experts Group && IBM && Mitsubishi Electric && AT&T && Canon",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "yarv",
    "name": "YARV",
    "appeared": 2007,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "vm",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3911,
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    "primaryTag": "vm",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2006,
    "wikipedia_related": "c ruby subversion parrot-vm",
    "wikipedia_summary": "YARV (Yet another Ruby VM) is a bytecode interpreter that was developed for the Ruby programming language by Koichi Sasada. The goal of the project was to greatly reduce the execution time of Ruby programs. Since YARV has become the official Ruby interpreter for Ruby 1.9, it is also named KRI (Koichi's Ruby Interpreter), in the same vein as the original Ruby MRI, named for Ruby's creator Yukihiro Matsumoto.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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  {
    "id": "abbreviated-test-language-for-all-systems",
    "name": "Abbreviated Test Language for All Systems",
    "appeared": 1984,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3912,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18039,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1968,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Abbreviated Test Language for All Systems (ATLAS) is a MILSPEC language for automatic testing of avionics equipment. It is a high-level computer language and can be used on any computer whose supporting software can translate it into the appropriate low-level instructions.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 14,
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    "lab": "ARINC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 90,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviated_Test_Language_for_All_Systems",
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  {
    "id": "alphard-programming-language",
    "name": "Alphard",
    "appeared": 1974,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3913,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18030,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1970,
    "wikipedia_related": "pascal lisp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Alphard is a Pascal-like programming language for data abstraction and verification, proposed and designed by William A. Wulf, Ralph L. London, and Mary Shaw. The language was the subject of several research publications in the late 1970s, but was never implemented. Its main innovative feature was the introduction of the 'form' datatype, which combines a specification and a procedural (executable) implementation. It also took the generator from IPL-V, as well as the mapping functions from Lisp and made it general case.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
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    "lab": "Carnegie Mellon && USC && Carnegie Mellon",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphard_%28programming_language%29",
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    "paperCount": 3,
    "semanticScholar": "year|title|doi|citations|influentialCitations|authors|paperId\\n1976|An introduction to the construction and verification of Alphard programs|10.1109/TSE.1976.233830|321|7|W. Wulf and R. L. London and M. Shaw|7d06bf84338e89456f609896de4e41f61086d98e\\n1981|Preliminary) An Informal Definition of Alphard|10.1007/978-1-4612-5979-4_13|6|0|P. Hilfinger and G. Feldman and Robert P. Fitzgerald and I. Kimura and R. L. London and K. V. S. Prasad and V. R. Prasad and Jonathan Rosenberg and M. Shaw and W. Wulf|7f7a88dff66ffba91b67e4a5985f08eaf3977a9c\\n1978|An informal definition of Alphard (Preliminary)|10.21236/ada058871|6|0|W. Wulf and P. Hilfinger and Robert P. Fitzgerald and I. Kimura and R. L. London|75f852ec34afda8a477bc3909118c2d37e3e514e"
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  {
    "id": "b32-business-basic",
    "name": "B32 Business Basic",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3914,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18030,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1986,
    "wikipedia_related": "data-general-business-basic unix",
    "wikipedia_summary": "B32 Business Basic was a competitor to Data General Business Basic written by Murray Haszard in 1986. It ran on the Data General Eclipse MV line of computers initially, and was ported to Unix in 1989 and to DOS in 1991. B32 Software was the company that developed and supported B32 Business Basic, with the original site in Auckland, New Zealand supplemented by a sales and support centre in Blue Ash, Ohio. The B32 interpreter was highly compatible with Data General Business Basic (DGBB), but it also enhanced and extended that language in many ways. Like DGBB, B32 could access Data General's INFOS II database and it could use DGBB's lock server or its own improved version. B32 was over twice as fast for number crunching, string manipulation, and disk I/O. Many of the internal restrictions of DGBB were removed. B32 allowed 32,767 line numbers (65,535 in later versions), compared with DGBB's 9,999. B32 allowed more memory for programs, more simultaneous locks, and more files to be open at once. Language enhancements included a high-speed internal sort routine, do-while blocks, and the ability to step backwards through an indexed file. Debugging facilities were also significantly improved over DGBB. B32 allowed programs to run with full cursor positioning and attribute support on non-Data General terminals, even programs which had Data General control sequences hard-coded into them. B32 carried out all arithmetic at \"quad precision\", i.e. 64-bit, and emulated the \"triple precision\" and \"double precision\" versions of DGBB at runtime. This avoided the subtle incompatibilities between the two versions of DGBB. On Unix and DOS, B32 emulated all commonly used system calls of Data General's AOS/VS and RDOS operating systems, including implementing its own symbolic links on SCO Xenix and DOS. In 1991, a features war between B32 and one of its competitors, Transoft's Universal Business Basic, saw major improvements to the B32 language. B32 added a Bluebird Business Basic emulation mode, made line numbers optional, and added subroutine calls by name with parameter passing. Transoft had greater financial resources than B32, and more effective marketing. It purchased B32 in 1992. The DOS and Unix versions of B32 were discarded as Universal Business Basic ran on those operating systems, but the Eclipse MV version of B32 continued to be sold while the MV line lasted. Some of the B32 Software staff in Blue Ash moved to Transoft's Atlanta, Georgia office. The New Zealand staff went on to found Binary Research.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 649437,
    "lab": "B32 Software",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "New Zealand",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B32_Business_Basic",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "chrome-programming-language",
    "name": "Chrome",
    "appeared": 2008,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3915,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 18030,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2005,
    "wikipedia_related": "wasm object-pascal csharp eiffel java f-sharp delphi swift free-pascal",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Oxygene (formerly known as Chrome) is a programming language developed by RemObjects Software for Microsoft's Common Language Infrastructure, the Java Platform and Cocoa. Oxygene is Object Pascal-based, but also has influences from  C#, Eiffel, Java, F# and other languages. Compared to the now deprecated Delphi.NET, Oxygene does not emphasize total backward compatibility, but is designed to be a \"reinvention\" of the language, be a good citizen on the managed development platforms, and leverage all the features and technologies provided by the .NET and Java runtimes. Oxygene is a commercial product, and offers full integration into Microsoft's Visual Studio IDE on Windows, as well as its own IDE, Fire for use on macOS. The command line compiler is available free. Oxygene is one of four languages supported by the underlying Elements Compiler toolchain, next to C#, Swift and Java). From 2008 to 2012, RemObjects Software has licensed its compiler and IDE technology to Embarcadero to be used in their Embarcadero Prism product. Starting in the Fall of 2011, Oxygene became available in two separate editions, with the second edition adding support for the Java and Android runtimes.  Starting with the release of XE4, Embarcadero Prism is no longer part of the RAD Studio SKU. Numerous support and upgrade paths for Prism customers exist to migrate to Oxygene. As of 2016, there is only one edition of Oxygene, which allows development on Windows or macOS, and which can create executables for Windows .NET, iOS, Android, Java and macOS.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 208,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 3,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4249746,
    "lab": "RemObjects Software",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "Type: System.Int32 -> a = 23, b = 15 -> a = 15, b = 23 Type: System.String -> a = abc, b = def -> a = def, b = abc Type: System.Double -> a = 1,1, b = 1,2 -> a = 1,2, b = 1,1",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrome_%28programming_language%29",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "elliott-algol",
    "name": "Elliott ALGOL",
    "appeared": 1962,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3916,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18030,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1962,
    "wikipedia_related": "algol-60",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Elliott ALGOL  was an ALGOL 60 compiler for the Elliott 803 computer. It was implemented by Tony Hoare and others. It differed slightly from the reference version of Algol, particularly in the supported character set. First released in February 1962, it is believed to be the first implementation of an ALGOL 60 compiler in a commercial context and was an unexpectedly popular product for the company.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 15,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 948969,
    "lab": "Elliott Brothers (London) Ltd",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliott_ALGOL",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "maria-xml",
    "name": "MARIA XML",
    "appeared": 2009,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3917,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18030,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "xmlFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2000,
    "wikipedia_related": "xml",
    "wikipedia_summary": "MARIA (Model-based lAnguage foR Interactive Applications)  is a universal, declarative, multiple  abstraction level, XML-based user interface markup language for modelling interactive applications in ubiquitous environments. MARIA  one of the languages that has been submitted for standardization at W3C.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2011,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 16,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 32537397,
    "lab": "Institute of Information Science and Technologies, National Research Council of Italy",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "Italy",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MARIA_XML",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "sort-merge-generator",
    "name": "Sort Merge Generator",
    "appeared": 1951,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3918,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 18030,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1951,
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Sort Merge Generator was an application developed by Betty Holberton in 1951 for the Univac I and is one of the first examples of using a computer to create a computer program. The input to the application was a specification of files and the kind of sort and merge operations to use, and the output would be machine code for performing the specification.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 9,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 9992844,
    "lab": "Remington Rand and National Bureau of Standards",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sort_Merge_Generator",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "mass-energy-equation",
    "name": "Mass Energy Equation",
    "appeared": 1905,
    "creators": "Albert Einstein",
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "equation",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3919,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17990,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "energy-momentum-equation",
    "equation": "E=mc^2",
    "primaryTag": "equation",
    "isFinished": false,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass–energy_equivalence",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "ofx",
    "name": "Open Financial Exchange",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3920,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17990,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "qfx",
    "primaryTag": "xmlFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "lab": "Microsoft && Intuit && Fiserv Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 9,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Financial_Exchange",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "patch",
    "name": "patch",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "creators": "Larry Wall",
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "unixApplication",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3921,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17990,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 1,
    "inboundLinks": "diff",
    "primaryTag": "unixApplication",
    "isFinished": false,
    "lab": "mod.sources",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 20,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patch_(Unix)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "ca-realizer",
    "name": "CA-Realizer",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3922,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17986,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1990,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic visual-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "CA-Realizer was a BASIC-language software development product originally developed by Within Technologies, but first commercially released by Computer Associates, as CA-Realizer 1.0 in 1992. Several versions were released, that provided a version of the BASIC programming language, a Rapid application development tool, including forms building and some powerful built-in components, that was comparable to, and competitive with Microsoft Visual Basic, in its early days.  It offered some functionality (like a fairly useful spreadsheet) and cross-platform capability. There were versions for 16-bit Windows 3.1, 32-bit Windows 95, and 32-bit IBM OS/2.  The final version was CA-Realizer 3.0, released around 1996. As MS Visual Basic 4.0, and later continued to advance in functionality, CA-Realizer was left behind, and was quietly retired from CA's product offerings in the late 1990s. In the 1996 to 1999 versions of Accpac ERP for Windows, CA Realizer was responsible for the dreaded \"CarlZ Error\" which would periodically hang up the software. This error disappeared in the 2000 version of the software when it under went a rewrite in C compiler.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 3,
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    "lab": "Within Technologies",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CA-Realizer",
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  {
    "id": "daplex",
    "name": "Daplex",
    "appeared": 1979,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3923,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 17986,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1981,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Daplex is a computer language introduced in 1981 by David Shipman of the Computer Corporation of America. Daplex was designed for creating distributed database systems and can be used as a global query language.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 10,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 11305281,
    "lab": "Computer Corporation of America",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daplex",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "fasttrack-scripting-host",
    "name": "FastTrack Scripting Host",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3924,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17986,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2006,
    "wikipedia_related": "login csharp powershell vbscript",
    "wikipedia_summary": "FastTrack Automation Studio (formerly known as FastTrack Scripting Host) – often referred to as just FastTrack – is a scripting language for Windows IT System Administrators.  The product’s goal is to handle any kind of scripting that might be required to automate processes with Microsoft Windows networks. The web site of the product is located at www.fasttrackscript.com.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2012,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 9,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 36682239,
    "lab": "FastTrack Software",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "Denmark",
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    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "flexml",
    "name": "FleXML",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3925,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17986,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_related": "c yacc xml perl",
    "wikipedia_summary": "FleXML is an XML transformation language originally developed by Kristofer Rose.  It allows a programmer to specify actions in C programming language or C++, and associate those actions with element definitions in an XML DTD.  It is similar in philosophy to Yacc and the Lex programming tool in that it is a syntax-directed driver; one could establish the analogies Yacc:LR(1) grammar::Lex:Regular grammar::FleXML::XML. The implementation is in Perl. A programmer supplied action file is input to FleXML; the output is a file suitable for input to Flex lexical analyser.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 17,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1660966,
    "lab": "École normale supérieure de Lyon",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "France",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FleXML",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "galaksija-basic",
    "name": "Galaksija BASIC",
    "appeared": 1983,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3926,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17986,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1983,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic microsoft-basic ascii",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Galaksija BASIC was the BASIC interpreter of the Galaksija build-it-yourself home computer from Yugoslavia. While being partially based on code taken from TRS-80 Level 1 BASIC, which the creator believed to have been a Microsoft BASIC, the extensive modifications of Galaksija BASIC—such as to include rudimentary array support, video generation code (as the CPU itself did it in absence of dedicated video circuitry) and generally improvements to the programming language—is said to have left not much more than flow-control and floating point code remaining from the original. The core implementation of the interpreter was fully contained in the 4 KiB ROM \"A\" or \"1\". The computer's original mainboard had a reserved slot for an extension ROM \"B\" or \"2\" that added more commands and features such as a built-in Zilog Z80 assembler.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 9,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 37,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3743155,
    "lab": "Microsoft",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaksija_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "minc",
    "name": "MINC",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3927,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17986,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "c perl python tcl",
    "wikipedia_summary": "MINC (\"MINC is not C\") is a data specification language written in the mid-1980s by a Princeton University graduate student named Lars Graf. This kind of naming is known as a \"recursive acronym\".  It contains many (though not all) of the syntactical capabilities of the C programming language, and can be used to implement simple procedural programs that can be executed by a runtime parser (that is to say, MINC does not need to be compiled in any way).  MINC continues to be used only in a handful of programs written in the 1980s (e.g. Real-Time Cmix). It has been for all intents and purposes superseded by modern scripting languages such as Perl, Python, and Tcl. A controversial aspect of the language is whether it is pronounced \"mink\" or \"min-see\".",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 31,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 479897,
    "lab": "Princeton University",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MINC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "owbasic",
    "name": "OWBasic",
    "appeared": 2000,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3928,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17986,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2010,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "OWBasic is an interpreted language environment that can be downloaded to Personal digital assistants like the Casio's Pocket viewer.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 13,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 25732355,
    "lab": "University of Heidelberg",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "Germany",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OWBasic",
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  {
    "id": "phoenix-object-basic",
    "name": "Phoenix Object Basic",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3929,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17986,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 2001,
    "wikipedia_related": "linux python perl visual-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Phoenix Object Basic is an object-oriented rapid application development tool for Linux. It has object-oriented features such as inheritance and polymorphism as found in languages such as Python and Perl. It also features a similar design environment and compatible syntax to Visual Basic reducing the learning curve for those making a transition from that language to Linux programming. Phoenix includes a full implementation of the BASIC programming language. It was released for download in 2001 and the Linux package is at version 1.5 beta 6 (released October 2004), it also requires the distribution of a small number of runtime library files with complied applications. Phoenix Object Basic is a proprietary tool for cross-platform Linux and Windows application development.   Key attributes:  No longer being actively developed Rapid Application Development for Windows and Linux Short learning curve for VB developers Object-oriented Small executables, Fast execution Cross platform Released as an RPMThe Phoenix source code is not available because it contains proprietary third party components. Phoenix is free of charge and freely distributable.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 10,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 152748,
    "lab": "CIMLINC, Inc && Janus Software",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "country": "United States and The Netherlands",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_Object_Basic",
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    "id": "robic",
    "name": "Robic",
    "appeared": 1975,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3930,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17986,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1975,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Robic (Russian: Робик) —a programming language created in the USSR for primary school education (8–11 years old children). The language was developed in 1975 and after changes was included in the Agat software system as \"schoolgirl\". The language uses syntax based on the Russian vocabulary. An interesting language feature is performer comprehension using, that is some object, that functions in some environment owned for each performer. It is possible to create and delete different types of performers. Each type of performer has its own command collection for main language command expansion.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 29921130,
    "lab": "USSR Ministry of Radio",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "Former USSR",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robic",
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  {
    "id": "sheerpower4gl",
    "name": "SheerPower4GL",
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    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3931,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17986,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2000,
    "wikipedia_related": "mysql",
    "wikipedia_summary": "SheerPower 4GL is a Fourth-generation programming language developed by Touch Technologies, Inc [1]. SheerPower 4GL is the result of porting Touch Technologies' Intouch 4GL programming language that runs on OpenVMS (for DEC Alpha and VAX computers) to Windows, launching in 2000. Downloads are free from the official SheerPower 4GL website.[2] SheerPower 4GL is similar to the BASIC programming language, and is easy to learn.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 3,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 4463430,
    "lab": "Touch Technologies, Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SheerPower4GL",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "turbo-basic-xl",
    "name": "Turbo-Basic XL",
    "appeared": 1985,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3932,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17972,
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    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1985,
    "wikipedia_related": "turbo-basic atari-basic optimized-systems-software",
    "wikipedia_summary": "This article is about the language for Atari 8-bit computers. Not to be confused with Borland's unrelated Turbo Basic.Turbo-Basic XL is an advanced version of BASIC for the Atari 8-bit family of home computers. It is a compatible superset of the Atari BASIC that was built-in to most Atari machines of the era. Turbo-Basic XL's most notable feature was vastly improved execution speed. An Atari BASIC program loaded into Turbo-BASIC, with no changes made, would generally run about three times as fast. A Turbo-Basic XL compiler was also available that created binary executables, further speeding up program performance to about ten times faster than Atari BASIC. Turbo-Basic XL was developed by Frank Ostrowski and published in the December 1985 issue of German computer magazine Happy Computer. A version for the 400/800 models was released shortly after, known as Frost Basic 1.4.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 12,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 91,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 1365381,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 80,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "supersetOf": "atari-basic",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbo-Basic_XL",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "uiml",
    "name": "UIML",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "xmlFormat",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3933,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17972,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "xmlFormat",
    "isFinished": false,
    "aka": "UsiXML",
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2007,
    "wikipedia_related": "xml xaml java",
    "wikipedia_summary": "UIML (User Interface Markup Language) is an XML-based user interface markup language for defining user interfaces on computers. Basically UIML tries to reduce the work needed to develop user interfaces. It allows you to describe the user interface in declarative terms (i.e. as text) and abstract it. Abstracting means that you don't exactly specify how the user interface is going to look, but rather what elements are to be shown, and how should they behave. For example, to describe a message window, you could write:  In theory then you could use that description to generate user interfaces for different platforms, like PDAs. In practice, the different capabilities of those different platforms make a complete translation difficult. Other less ambitious domain-specific programming languages attempt only to describe the user interfaces (or other parts of the application or process) in a domain (for example Windows). See for example the Microsoft language XAML. These languages do a better job usually, but are less flexible. Today, UIML is being standardized by OASIS.A separate effort with the same goals as UIML is UsiXML.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 12,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 100,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 40,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 2995509,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 80,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UIML",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "visual-test",
    "name": "Visual Test",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3934,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17972,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1992,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic visual-basic html unix",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Visual Test, originally known as MS-Test, was an automated testing tool for Windows applications developed by Microsoft and later sold to Rational Software.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 12,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 88,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 4488041,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 80,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Test",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  {
    "id": "typographical-number-theory",
    "name": "Typographical Number Theory",
    "appeared": 1979,
    "creators": "Douglas Hofstadter",
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "notation",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3935,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17933,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "notation",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1979,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Typographical Number Theory (TNT) is a formal axiomatic system describing the natural numbers that appears in Douglas Hofstadter's book Gödel, Escher, Bach.  It is an implementation of Peano arithmetic that Hofstadter uses to help explain Gödel's incompleteness theorems. Like any system implementing the Peano axioms, TNT is capable of referring to itself (it is self-referential).",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 11,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 75,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typographical_Number_Theory",
    "bookCount": 0,
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    "id": "think-c",
    "name": "THINK C",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3936,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17925,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1986,
    "wikipedia_related": "powerpc",
    "wikipedia_summary": "THINK C was an extension of ANSI C for the classic Mac OS developed by THINK Technologies; although named Lightspeed C in the original mid-1986 release, it was later renamed THINK C. THINK Technologies was later acquired by Symantec Corporation and the product continued to be developed by the original author, Michael Kahl. Version 3 and subsequent versions were essentially a subset of C++ and supported basic object oriented programming concepts such as single inheritance as well as extensions to the C standard that conformed more closely to the requirements of Mac OS programming. After version 6, the OOP facilities were expanded to a full C++ implementation, and the product was rebranded Symantec C++ for versions 7 and 8, now under development by different authors. THINK C (and later, Symantec C++) featured a class library and framework for Mac programming called the Think Class Library (TCL), which was used extensively for Macintosh application development. The Lightspeed/THINK C IDE was quite influential, though considered not as advanced as that belonging to THINK Pascal, its sister language product; it was considered the standard environment when MPW was considered an overpriced niche product, and most Macintosh products were developed in it for many years. With the transition of the Mac from 68K to PowerPC, however, Symantec was widely seen as having dropped the ball, and competitor Metrowerks's product CodeWarrior took control of the marketplace. Despite the decline in popularity of their IDE, Symantec was eventually chosen by Apple to provide next-generation C/C++ compilers for MPW in the form of Sc/Scpp for 68K alongside MrC/MrCpp for PowerPC. These remained Apple's standard compilers until the arrival of Mac OS X replaced them with GCC. Symantec subsequently exited the developer tool business.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
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    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 110,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/THINK_C",
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  {
    "id": "winwrap-basic",
    "name": "WinWrap Basic",
    "appeared": 1993,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3937,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17925,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2005,
    "wikipedia_related": "visual-basic vbscript jscript vba hummingbird-quickscript",
    "wikipedia_summary": "WinWrap Basic (WWB) by Polar Engineering, Inc. is a third-party macro language based on Visual Basic used with programmes of various types  which its vendor touts as an alternative to ActiveX (e.g. VBScript, JScript, PerlScript, Rexx-based WSH engines and others), Visual Basic for Applications, and VSTA for this purpose. The WWB software package is used in conjunction with Microsoft development tools including Visual Studio, Visual Studio.NET, and the ActiveX scripting engines.  The default file extension for programmes written in this language is .wwb   WWB 10 has Windows Scripting Host functionality,  i.e. it contains a scripting engine similar to the default and third-party language implementations for WSH.  This engine is able to access both the .NET framework and the Component Object Model. The current version, 10.01, is available for different combinations of OS and platform. At this time there are four types of WWB, those being WWB.NET for the .NET object model (used with Visual Studio.NET 2005 and 2008 and Vista), .WWB-COM for the COM object model (Visual Studio and Visual Studio.NET earlier versions), both of which are used with all Windows 32 and 64-bit operating systems from Windows 95 to Windows Vista; the other two packages are for Windows CE and PocketPC & Windows Mobile. Earlier versions of WWB ran under Windows 3.1 and ostensibly OS/2 Warp 3 as well. WWB is integrated into many software packages including most categories of PC and server software (e.g. earlier versions of Host Explorer, which now uses two proprietary scripting languages, Hummingbird QuickScript and Hummingbird Basic)   as well as software used to run various types of equipment like mass spectrometers and other lab equipment.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2009,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 18,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 90,
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    "wikipedia_pageId": 22872348,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 110,
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WinWrap_Basic",
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    "id": "2-pak",
    "name": "2-pak",
    "appeared": 1975,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3938,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 17925,
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    "lab": "Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 0,
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    "expandedMeasurements": 8,
    "reference": "https://www.ijcai.org/Proceedings/75/Papers/082.pdf",
    "example": "coroutine FRUIT_GEN()  begin  strin g FRUIT ;  FRUIT :- 'CHERRY1   ;  detach ;  whil e tru e do  case FRUIT of  'CHERRY1  : FRUIT := 'LEMON1   ;  'LEMON': FRUIT := 'ORANGE?   ;  'ORANGE1  : FRUIT :- 'APPLE' ;  'APPLE': FRUIT :- 'CHERRY' ;  end ;  detach ;  end ;  end ;",
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    "id": "a51",
    "name": "A51 Assembly",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "measurements": 8,
    "tags": "assembly",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 3939,
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    "primaryTag": "assembly",
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    "description": "The A51 and A251 assembler translate programs you write in assembly language into executable machine instructions. You may use the A51 assembler to assemble programs for the 8051 family of microcontrollers.",
    "githubRepo_description": "The A51 and A251 assembler translate programs you write in assembly language into executable machine instructions. You may use the A51 assembler to assemble programs for the 8051 family of microcontrollers.",
    "rijuRepl_description": "The A51 and A251 assembler translate programs you write in assembly language into executable machine instructions. You may use the A51 assembler to assemble programs for the 8051 family of microcontrollers.",
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    "fileType": "text",
    "reference": "https://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/cse466/01au/Lab/A251.pdf",
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    "id": "aarch64",
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    "tags": "assembly",
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    "lab": "Acorn Computers",
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    "reference": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARM_architecture#64.2F32-bit_architecture",
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    "goodreads": "title|year|author|goodreadsId|rating|ratings|reviews\\nARM Assembly Language Programming & Architecture (Mazidi & Naimi ARM Books)|2013|Muhammad Ali Mazidi|26863964|4.17|30|6\\nDigital Design and Computer Architecture: ARM Edition|2015|Sarah L. Harris|45521398|4.75|4|0\\nArm Microprocessor Systems: Cortex-M Architecture, Programming, and Interfacing||Muhammad Tahir|52569166|3.50|2|0\\nComputer Organization and Design: The Hardware Software Interface: ARM Edition (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Computer Architecture and Design)||David A. Patterson|50635907|4.22|9|1\\nARM embedded microprocessor architecture and assembly language programming|2010|GUAN YONG DENG|46186950|0.0|0|0\\nArm Architecture: RISC-Based Computer Design||Carlton Neuenfeldt|54116299|0.0|0|0"
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    "id": "aardappel",
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    "appeared": 1997,
    "creators": "Wouter Van Oortmerssen",
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    "rank": 3941,
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    "id": "abc-algol",
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    "measurements": 8,
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    "rank": 3942,
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    "lab": "University of Amsterdam",
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    "id": "abel",
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    "lab": "Telemark College && University of Oslo",
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    "isbndb": "year|publisher|title|authors|isbn13\\n1994|Prentice Hall|Digital Design Using Abel|Pellerin, David and Holley, Michael|9780136058748\\n2014|Springer|The Abel Prize 2008-2012|Helge Holden|9783642394492\\n2013|Springer|NIELS HENRIK ABEL and his Times: Called Too Soon by Flames Afar|Stubhaug, Arild|9783662040768\\n2008|Springer|Mathematics and Computation, a Contemporary View: The Abel Symposium 2006 (Abel Symposia Book 3)|Andrew Edney|9783540688501"
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  {
    "id": "able",
    "name": "ABLE",
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    "rank": 3944,
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    "lab": "University of Utah",
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    "id": "actors",
    "name": "Actors",
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    "antlr": "https://github.com/antlr/grammars-v4/tree/master/ada/ada95",
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    "lab": "U.S Naval Ordnance Laboratory",
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    "rank": 4631,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "wikipedia_appeared": 1976,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "BASIC-11 was a dialect of the basic language for PDP-11 operating systems such as RSX-11, RT-11, TSX and TSX-Plus.  It was a classic BASIC in that it used line numbers, supported line number editing, and classic function syntax.  It provided extended support for user-defined functions, external sequential disk files, and linking with assembler language modules for device support and operating system interfaces.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 22,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 5370062,
    "lab": "DEC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BASIC-11",
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    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "basicx",
    "name": "BasicX",
    "appeared": 1998,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4632,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17923,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic isbn",
    "wikipedia_summary": "BasicX is a free programming language designed specifically for NetMedia's BX-24 microcontroller and based on the BASIC programming language. It is used in the design of robotics projects such as the Robodyssey Systems Mouse robot.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 21,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 6171129,
    "lab": "NetMedia Inc",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BasicX",
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    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "fxscript",
    "name": "FXScript",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4633,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 17923,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_summary": "FXScript is a scripting language for Final Cut Pro and Final Cut Express.  FXBuilder is the scripting utility in which users are able to modify existing FCP FXScripts or program completely new ones. For example, to scale an image, only two lines are necessary to scale an image from its full size to half size:  scale(Region, CenterOfScale, 0.5, 0.5); blitrect(ImageBuffer, OrigRegion, Destination-Buffer, Region);  First the region, which might be a rectangle, is scaled by the statement scale and its parameters.  Then the statement blitrect copies a region of an image into a changed region. When the OrigRegion and the new Region have different sizes, Final Cut Pro scales the image to fit into the new region. A Statement is a command that accomplishes a single action. In our example, the statements are scale and blitrect.   In FXBuilder users can create and test FXScripts, optionally in multiple windows.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 4,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 9,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 27720109,
    "lab": "Apple",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia_example": "scale(Region, CenterOfScale, 0.5, 0.5); blitrect(ImageBuffer, OrigRegion, Destination-Buffer, Region);",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FXScript",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "runrev",
    "name": "RunRev",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4634,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17923,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1997,
    "wikipedia_related": "livecode ios linux android hypercard",
    "wikipedia_summary": "LiveCode Ltd. (formerly Runtime Revolution and Cross Worlds Computing makes the LiveCode cross-platform development environment (formerly called Revolution) for creating applications that run on iOS, Microsoft Windows, Linux, macOS, Android and Browsers. It is similar to Apple's discontinued HyperCard.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2016,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 12,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 5185133,
    "lab": "LiveCode Ltd",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RunRev",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "universe",
    "name": "UniVerse",
    "appeared": 1997,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4635,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 17923,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1997,
    "wikipedia_related": "unix linux pick-operating-system xml ascii",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Rocket U2 is a suite of database management (DBMS) and supporting software now owned by Rocket Software.  It includes two MultiValue database platforms: UniData and UniVerse.  Both of these products are operating environments which run on current Unix, Linux and Windows operating systems.  They are both derivatives of the Pick operating system. The family also includes developer and web-enabling technologies including SystemBuilder/SB+, SB/XA, U2 Web Development Environment (WebDE), UniObjects and wIntegrate.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 45,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 38328989,
    "isOpenSource": "false",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "wordRank": 3484,
    "wikipedia_example": "123-45-6789^JOHN JONES^jjones@example.com]johnnyjones@example.net^432100^...",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UniVerse",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "actor",
    "name": "Actor",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4636,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17897,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1988,
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Actor programming language was invented by Charles Duff of The Whitewater Group in 1988. It was an offshoot of some object-oriented extensions to the Forth language he had been working on. Actor would be categorized as a pure object-oriented language in the style of Smalltalk. Like Smalltalk, everything was an object, including small integers. A Baker semi-space garbage collector was used, along with (in memory-constrained Windows 2.1 days) a software virtual memory system that swapped objects. A token threaded interpreter, written in 16-bit x86 assembly language, was the execution mechanism for compiled code. Actor only was released on the Microsoft Windows 2.1 and 3.0 operating system. Actor used perhaps the first pure object-oriented framework over native operating system calls as its basic GUI architecture. This allowed an Actor application to look and feel exactly like a Windows application written in C, but with all the advantages of an interactive Smalltalk-like development environment. Both a downside and upside to this architecture was a tight coupling to the Windows OS architecture, with a thin abstraction layer into objects. This allowed direct use of the rich Windows OS API, but also made it nearly impossible to support any other OS without a significant rewrite of the application framework.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
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    "lab": "The Whitewater Group",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "work-flow-language",
    "name": "WFL",
    "appeared": 1961,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4637,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17897,
    "hoplId": 633,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1961,
    "wikipedia_related": "jcl algol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Work Flow Language, or WFL (\"wiffle\") is the process control language for the Burroughs large systems, including the Unisys ClearPath/MCP series, and their operating system Master Control Program. Developed soon after the B5000 in 1961, WFL is the ClearPath equivalent of the Job Control Language (JCL) on IBM mainframes and the shell scripts of Unix-like operating systems. Unlike JCL, WFL is a high-level structured language complete with subroutines (procedures and functions) with arguments and high-level program control flow instructions. WFL programs are compiled to binary executables like any other MCP subject. WFL  is used for high-level system operations, such as running tasks, moving and copying files, providing high-level recoverability. Thus it is not a general purpose language in that you would not use it to do general computations. You can open and close files to check their attributes for example; however, you cannot read or change their contents in WFL – that you do in a general purpose language, and invoke it as a task from WFL. WFL has a high-level ALGOL-like readable syntax. It has none of the low-level assembler-like commands of JCL like //SYSIN DD, etc. in order to connect hardware devices and open files for programs. All WFL constructs deal with the high-level abstractions of tasks and files. Parameters are also real HLL parameters, not the $1, $2... style position parameters of shell scripts. WFL also has an instruction block command which is used to give operators instructions needed to run the current job. These instructions are displayed using the 'IB' operator command. WFL was a compiled language on the medium systems.  Because some OS interfaces may change from release to release, Medium Systems WFL code included a copy of the source in the object file. Upon executing a WFL job it would check to determine if the object was compatible with the OS version.  If not it would trigger a recompile of the object using the source embedded in the object code.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 10,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 14,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 49,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1455537,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 70,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_Flow_Language",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=633"
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  {
    "id": "nirvana",
    "name": "nirvana",
    "appeared": 2018,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4638,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17884,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "mainRepo": "https://github.com/shreyasminocha/nirvana",
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "githubRepo_created": 2018,
    "githubRepo_updated": 2019,
    "githubRepo_firstCommit": 2018,
    "githubRepo_subscribers": 7,
    "githubRepo_stars": 25,
    "githubRepo_issues": 5,
    "isFinished": "true",
    "isOpenSource": true,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 26,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "githubRepo": "https://github.com/shreyasminocha/nirvana",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hackerNewsDiscussions": "id|title|time|timestamp|by|comments|score\\n18369802|Show HN: Nirvana, a WIP programming language|2018-11-03 12:00:55 UTC|1541246455|shreyasminocha|18|8"
  },
  {
    "id": "20-gate",
    "name": "20-GATE",
    "appeared": 1961,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4639,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17875,
    "hoplId": 216,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1961,
    "wikipedia_related": "algol",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Bendix G-20 computer was introduced in 1961 by the Bendix Corporation, Computer Division, Los Angeles, California. The G-20 followed the highly successful G-15 vacuum tube computer.  Bendix sold its computer division to Control Data Corporation in 1963, effectively terminating the G-20.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2001,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 15,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 33,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 15412723,
    "lab": "Bendix Corporation",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 25,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20-GATE",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=216"
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  {
    "id": "baby-modula-3",
    "name": "Baby modula-3",
    "appeared": 1993,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4640,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17875,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1997,
    "wikipedia_related": "modula-3 ada c",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Baby Modula-3 is a functional programming sublanguage of Modula-3 (safe subset) programming language  based on ideals invented by Martín Abadi. It is an object oriented language for studying programming language design; one part of it is implicitly prototype-oriented programming language, and the other is explicitly statically typed designed for studying computer science type theories. It has been checked as a formal language of metaprogramming systems. It comes from the \"Scandinavian School\" of object-oriented programming languages.   Martín Abadi tried to give an example of pure object-oriented language which would allow the studying of formal semantics of objects. \"Baby Modula-3 is defined with a structured operational semantics and with a set of static type rules. A denotational semantics guarantees the soundness of this definition.\" This object model has been shown to have well definiteness decidability  (a mechanical proof of it isn't known).  The inventor of Baby Modula-3 worked at Systems Research Center (SRC) of DEC (DEC) in Palo Alto, California. As DEC was bought by Compaq and Compaq itself was bought by Hewlett-Packard the SRC-report 95 was made available to the public by HP.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2018,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 2,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 13603363,
    "lab": "DEC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 25,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baby_modula-3",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "blitzplus",
    "name": "BlitzPlus",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4641,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 17875,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2000,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic linux monkey opengl ascii lua unicode csharp purebasic ios",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Blitz BASIC refers to the programming language dialect that was interpreted by the first Blitz compilers, devised by New Zealand-based developer Mark Sibly. Being derived from BASIC, Blitz syntax was designed to be easy to pick up for beginners first learning to program.  The languages are game-programming oriented but are often found general-purpose enough to be used for most types of application. The Blitz language evolved as new products were released, with recent incarnations offering support for more advanced programming techniques such as object-orientation and multi-threading.  This led to the languages losing their BASIC moniker in later years.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2010,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 126,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4840,
    "lab": "Blitz Research",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 25,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "New Zealand",
    "wikipedia_example": "AppTitle = \"Binary Clock\"  Graphics 145,85   secondtimer = CreateTimer(2)    Repeat          Hour = CurrentTime()[..2].ToInt()          Minute = CurrentTime()[4..6].ToInt()          Second = CurrentTime()[6..].ToInt()           If Hour >= 12 Then PM = 1          If Hour > 12 Then Hour = Hour - 12          If Hour = 0 Then Hour = 12           'should do this otherwise the PM dot will be          'Left up once the clock rolls past midnight!          Cls           SetColor(0,255,0) 'make the text green For the PM part          If PM  = 1 Then DrawText \"PM\",5,5          'set the text colour back To white For the rest          SetColor(255,255,255)           For bit=0 Until 6                  xpos=20*(6-bit)                  binaryMask=2^bit                  'do hours                  If (bit<4)                          If (hour & binaryMask)                                  DrawText \"1\",xpos,5                          Else                                  DrawText \"0\",xpos,5                          EndIf                  EndIf                   'do the minutes                  If (minute & binaryMask)                          DrawText \"1\", xpos,25                  Else                          DrawText \"0\", xpos,25                  EndIf                   'do the seconds                  If (second & binaryMask)                          DrawText \"1\",xpos,45                  Else                          DrawText \"0\",xpos,45                  EndIf          Next           'make the text red For the decimal time          SetColor(255,0,0)          DrawText \"Decimal: \" + CurrentTime(),5,65          'set the text back To white For the rest          SetColor(255,255,255)     Flip           'will wait half a second          WaitTimer(secondTimer)    If KeyHit(KEY_ESCAPE) Then Exit  Forever",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlitzPlus",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "high-tech-basic",
    "name": "High Tech BASIC",
    "appeared": 1988,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4642,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17875,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1972,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic assembly-language pascal hp-time-shared-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Rocky Mountain BASIC (also RMB or RM-BASIC) is a dialect of the BASIC programming language created by Hewlett-Packard.  It was especially popular for control of automatic test equipment using GPIB.  It has several features which are or were unusual in BASIC dialects, such as event-driven operation, extensive external I/O support, complex number support, and matrix manipulation functions.  Today, RMB is mainly used in environments where an investment in RMB software, hardware, or expertise already exists.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 96,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 1,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3112895,
    "lab": "Hewlett-Packard",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 25,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Tech_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "hummingbird-quickscript",
    "name": "Hummingbird QuickScript",
    "appeared": 1990,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4643,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17875,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1984,
    "wikipedia_summary": "Hummingbird Ltd. (previously NASDAQ: HUMC, TSX: HUM) is a subsidiary of OpenText and is a provider of enterprise software solutions including Exceed.  Initially founded as a consulting business in 1984, Hummingbird moved into the connectivity market. Its enterprise content management (ECM) solutions focuses on the management of the life cycle of enterprise content. Hummingbird has 40 offices worldwide. Customers include IBM, NASA, Morgan Stanley, Boeing, The Walt Disney Company, and The Government of Canada.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2012,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 21,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3807709,
    "lab": "Hummingbird Ltd",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 25,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "Canada",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hummingbird_QuickScript",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "multi-user-basic",
    "name": "Multi-user BASIC",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4644,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17875,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic basic-11 basic-plus",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Multi-user BASIC was a dialect of the BASIC language for the DEC PDP-11 running the RT-11 operating system.  One or more users were supported in separate address spaces sharing the same language interpreter.  The syntax of the language was similar to but not identical to BASIC-11.  A key language element was the support for virtual files.  These were similar to the virtual arrays in BASIC-PLUS in but more limited.  An array of integers, floatingpoint, or character strings of length 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, or 64 could be placed in file and accessed with a subscript.  The file could actually be opened (or re-opened) with a different definition allowing integers, characters, and floating point numbers to be stored in the same file. Like BASIC-11, Multi-User BASIC provided some support for lab equipment, support for character terminals (LA30, VT100).  Because it was a multi-user system, it did not support real-time data collection.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 1,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 3,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 16,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 5369818,
    "lab": "DEC",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 25,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-user_BASIC",
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  },
  {
    "id": "arch",
    "name": "GNU arch",
    "appeared": 2001,
    "creators": "Thomas Lord",
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "versionControlApplication",
    "website": "https://www.gnu.org/software/gnu-arch/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4645,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17847,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "versionControlApplication",
    "isFinished": false,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 21,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_arch",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "bazaar",
    "name": "GNU Bazaar",
    "appeared": 2005,
    "creators": "Martin Pool",
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "versionControlApplication",
    "website": "https://bazaar.canonical.com/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4646,
    "exampleCount": 0,
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    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "versionControlApplication",
    "isFinished": false,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 21,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "numberOfCreators": 1,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Bazaar",
    "bookCount": 0,
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  },
  {
    "id": "firefox",
    "name": "Firefox",
    "appeared": 2004,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "webBrowser",
    "website": "https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4647,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17847,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "webBrowser",
    "isFinished": false,
    "leetSheets": "https://cheatsheets.zip/firefox",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 21,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firefox",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "near",
    "name": "NEAR",
    "appeared": 2017,
    "creators": "Illia Polosukhin and Alexander Skidanov",
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "cryptoProtocol",
    "website": "https://near.org/",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4648,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17847,
    "isLanguage": false,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "cryptoProtocol",
    "isFinished": false,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 21,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
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    "wikipedia_summary": "chomski virtual machine  (named after the noted linguist Noam Chomsky) and pp (the pattern parser) refer to both a command line computer language and utility (interpreter for that language) which can be used to parse and transform text patterns. The utility reads input files character by character (sequentially), applying the operation which has been specified via the command line or a pp script, and then outputs the line. It was developed from 2006 as a Unix and Windows utility, and is available today for Windows and Linux systems. Pp has derived a number of ideas and syntax elements from Sed, a command line text stream editor.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "TScript is an object-oriented embeddable scripting language for C++ that supports hierarchical transient typed variables (TVariable). Its main design criterion is to create a scripting language that can interface with C++, transforming data and returning the result. This enables C++ applications to change their functionality after installation.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "TELCOMP was a programming language developed at Bolt, Beranek and Newman (BBN) in about 1964 and in use until at least 1974. BBN offered TELCOMP as a paid service, with first revenue in October 1965.  The service was sold to a company called On-Line Systems in 1972.  In the United Kingdom, TELCOMP was offered by Time Sharing, Ltd, a partnership between BBN and an entrepreneur named Richard Evans. It was an interactive, conversational language based on JOSS, developed by BBN after Cliff Shaw from RAND visited the labs in 1964 as part of the NIH survey.  It was first implemented on the PDP-1 and was used to provide a commercial time sharing service by BBN in the Boston area and later by Time Sharing Ltd. in the United Kingdom. In 1996, Leo Beranek said \"We even developed a programming language called TELCOMP that to this day, some say was better than the programming language that the industry adopted, namely BASIC.\"There were at least three versions: TELCOMP I, TELCOMP II, and TELCOMP III. TELCOMP I was implemented on the PDP-1, TELCOMP II on the PDP-7 and TELCOMP III on the PDP-10, running on DEC 's TOPS-10 operating system or on BBN's own TENEX operating system. TELCOMP programs were normally input via a paper tape reader on a Teletype Model 33, which would be connected to a PDP via a modem and acoustic telephone line.  Data could be read from the paper tape reader or from the Teletype keyboard.  Output was either printed to the Teletype or sent to the paper tape punch.  Early versions had no facility for on-line storage of programs or data. During data input using a Teletype, the user would type a response to a printed prompt. If, instead of hitting Return, the user hit Tab, another, possibly computed, prompt would be printed on the same line.  This process could be repeated for the full width of the line. This unusual feature allowed very compact data entry, comparable to full-screen CRT data entry.  It saved paper, and the input section of the form became part of the program's printed output. A later derivative of TELCOMP called STRINGCOMP was oriented towards string handling.  Another BBN JOSS-derivative called FILECOMP was developed for the GE MEDINET system, which was cancelled. The implicit file handling system it contained was influential on the MUMPS global database system. The initial research for LOGO was carried out in TELCOMP, but only the JOSS-style errors and interaction made it through to the actual language.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "ZBasic is a compiler which was first released by Simutek (Tucson, Arizona) in 1980.  The combined efforts of Andrew Gariepy, Scott Terry, David Overton, Greg Branche, and Halbert Laing led to versions for MS-DOS,  Apple II, Macintosh, CP/M, and TRS-80 computers. ZBasic is a very fast, efficient and quite advanced BASIC compiler with an integrated development environment. It aims to be used as a cross-platform development system, where the same source code can be compiled to different platforms without any modifications. ZBasic features device independent graphics: the same compiled code can work on different display resolutions and colors, and even in text mode. Original PC versions include graphical support up to EGA for MS-DOS. A special feature of ZBasic is BCD (binary coded decimal) math with accuracy up to 54 digits. Another special feature is INDEX$ array, an array of variable length strings that could be easily sorted, searched etc. In 1991, Harry Gish and 32 Bit Software Inc. of Dallas, Texas purchased the MS-DOS version. Nando Favaro expanded it to include 16- and 32-bit-specific machine code as well as VGA and VESA video. Zedcor concentrated on the Apple Macintosh market and renamed it FutureBASIC.",
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    "wikipedia_summary": "ZigZag is Ted Nelson's trademark on a data model he has designed for computer interaction, both for users and between programs. Nelson's stated goal is on one hand a platform for the Project Xanadu hypertext and on the other a complete computing system built on new conventions. The design is centered on an information structure called a zzstructure and its interactive visualizations. Instead of conventional linear text or tree structures, zzstructure is a multidimensional extension of a spreadsheet whose cells can contain various kinds of data. At any moment, the display shows any two dimensions in table form much like a modern spreadsheet. Users can pivot the display about any cell to efficiently \"rotate\" any unseen dimension in place of either visible one, allowing them to browse high dimensional grids in a zigzag manner.",
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    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZigZag_(software)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "basic09",
    "name": "BASIC09",
    "appeared": 1978,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4699,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17637,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1980,
    "wikipedia_related": "ucsd-pascal microsoft-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "BASIC09 is a structured BASIC programming language dialect developed by Microware and Motorola for the then-new Motorola 6809 CPU and released in 1980.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2002,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 5,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 14,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 70,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 39564,
    "lab": "Motorola",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 45,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BASIC09",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "tektronix",
    "name": "Tektronix 4050",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4700,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17627,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1957,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "The Tektronix 4050 was a series of three computer graphics microcomputers produced by Tektronix in the late 1970s through the early 1980s. The display technology was similar to the Tektronix 4010 terminal, using a storage tube display to avoid the need for video RAM. They were all-in-one designs with the display, keyboard, CPU and DC300 tape drive in a single desktop case. They also included a GPIB parallel bus interface for controlling lab and test equipment as well as connecting to external peripherals. A simple operating system and BASIC interpreter were included in ROM. A key concept of the systems was the use of a storage tube for the display. This allowed the screen to retain images drawn to it, eliminating the need for a framebuffer, computer memory devoted to the display. Most systems of the era had limited resolution due to the expense of the buffer needed to hold higher resolution images, but this was eliminated in the 4050s and allowed the resolution to be as high as the hardware could handle, which was ostensibly 1024 by 1024 but limited by the physical layout of the screen to 1024 by 780. It also allowed the machine to dedicate all of its memory to the programs running on it, as opposed to partitioning off a section for the buffer. The first model, the 4051, was based on 8-bit Motorola 6800 running at a 1 MHz. It normally shipped with 8 KB of RAM and was expandable using 8 KB modules to 32 KB. The remaining 32 KB of address space was reserved for ROM, which could be expanded using two external ROM cartridge of 8 KB each. It included six character sets in ROM and an extended dialect of BASIC that included various vector drawing commands. The 4051 was released in 1975 for the base price of $5,995. Adding the optional RS-232 interface allowed it to emulate a Tektronix 4012 terminal.The second model was the 4052, which in spite of the similar name was a very different system. This had a CPU based on four AMD 2901 4-bit bit-slice processors used together to make a single 16-bit processor. It could also be used in a 6800-compatible mode, allowing it to run software from the 4051, although it did so much faster than the original 4051. Released in 1978, it came with a full 32 KB of RAM for $9,795, and could be expanded to 64 KB for another $1,995. The 4054 was a version of the 4052 built around the 19\" screen from the 4014 terminal rather than the 11\" screen from the 4012, increasing resolution to 4,096 by 3,072. External storage units were available for the 405x series computers. The 4924 was an external version of the internal DC300 tape drive. The 4907 used single or dual Shugart 851R 8-inch floppy drives with 64 KB floppies and the larger, 2-drawer filing cabinet sized, 4909 storage unit used a CDC 96 megabyte hard drive with the first 16 megabytes in the form of a removable disc-pack. Two sizes of the 4956 graphics tablet offered a slow process for inputing from paper drawings. The 4952 joystick was used for graphics input. Because the direct view storage tubes do not flicker as do conventional CRTs, and because the BASIC programming interface allowed simple, rapid rendering of vector graphic displays, the 405x series were used in many theatrical contexts.  In particular, 405x computers can frequently be seen in early Battlestar Galactica sets. The graphic display software was based upon software originally developed in the 1960s by Corning Glass Works for their Type 904 graphics terminal. The display for this system had characteristics to the similar to those of Tektronix storage tube display. It used small pixel regions composed of photosensitive glass, which could be darkened (forming a black line image) by writing, and would display this persistently until the entire display was erased. When Corning left the market this software base was sold to Tektronix. The original demo included an artillery game which was later adapted by high school students at Lindbergh High School in Renton, Washington to the HP 9830, and also adapted by Hewlett Packard for the HP 2647 intelligent graphics terminal demo tape and eventually similar games in Microsoft BASIC for the IBM-PC. Other games for the Tektronix included Weather Wars, with users directing lightning bolts and tornados against opponents in an environment affected by wind.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 9,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 22,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 64,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 7243450,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 65,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 5,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tektronix_4050",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "adenine-programming-language",
    "name": "Adenine",
    "appeared": 1999,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4701,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17582,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1999,
    "wikipedia_related": "rdf python lisp",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Haystack was a project at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to research and develop several applications around personal information management and the Semantic Web. The most notable of those applications is the Haystack client, a research personal information manager (PIM) and one of the first to be based on semantic desktop technologies. The Haystack client is published as open source software under the BSD license.  Similar to the Chandler PIM, the Haystack system unifies handling different types of unstructured information. This information has a common representation in RDF that is presented to users in a configurable human-readable way.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2007,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 19,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 45,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 5033679,
    "lab": "MIT",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenine_(programming_language)",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "tacpol-programming-language",
    "name": "TACPOL",
    "appeared": 1976,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4702,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17582,
    "hoplId": 2551,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1975,
    "wikipedia_related": "pl-i",
    "wikipedia_summary": "TACPOL (Tactical Procedure Oriented Language) is a block structured programming language developed by the United States Army for the TACFIRE Tactical Fire Direction command and control application.  TACPOL is similar to PL/I.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 4,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 11,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 26,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1719114,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 40,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TACPOL_%28programming_language%29",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=2551"
  },
  {
    "id": "visual-smalltalk-enterprise",
    "name": "Visual Smalltalk Enterprise",
    "appeared": 1992,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4703,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17570,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1983,
    "wikipedia_related": "smalltalk squeak",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Visual Smalltalk Enterprise (VSE) is a Smalltalk dialect that runs only on Microsoft Windows, and is the last in a long line of Smalltalk implementations first produced by Digitalk and now available through Cincom. Active development has stopped since late 1997 and VSE is now only available as a version called VSE 2000, and only to licensed users of previous VSE versions.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 8,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 6,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 85,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4331587,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 60,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 5,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_Smalltalk_Enterprise",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
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  {
    "id": "http-3",
    "name": "HTTP/3",
    "appeared": 2018,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "protocol",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4704,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17557,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "protocol",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2018,
    "wikipedia_summary": "HTTP/3 is the upcoming third major version of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol used to exchange binary information on the World Wide Web. HTTP/3 is based on previous RFC draft \"Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) over QUIC\". QUIC is an experimental transport layer network protocol initially developed by Google. On 28 October 2018 in a mailing list discussion, Mark Nottingham, Chair of the IETF HTTP and QUIC Working Groups, made the official request to rename HTTP-over-QUIC as HTTP/3 to \"clearly identify it as another binding of HTTP semantics to the wire protocol ... so people understand its separation from QUIC\" and pass its development from the QUIC Working Group to the HTTP Working Group after finalizing and publishing the draft. In the subsequent discussions that followed and stretched over several days, Nottingham's proposal was accepted by fellow IETF members, who in November 2018 gave their official seal of approval that HTTP-over-QUIC become HTTP/3.",
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": -1,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 288,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 59036215,
    "lab": "Akamai",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 15,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United States",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP/3",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "micro-prolog",
    "name": "Micro-PROLOG",
    "appeared": 1980,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4705,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17557,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": -1,
    "lab": "Logic Programming Associates",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 15,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "United Kingdom",
    "wikipedia": "http://www.edm2.com/index.php/Micro-PROLOG",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "scieneer-common-lisp",
    "name": "Scieneer Common Lisp",
    "appeared": 2002,
    "measurements": 7,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4706,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17557,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": -1,
    "lab": "Scieneer Pty Ltd",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 15,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 7,
    "country": "Australia",
    "wikipedia": "https://web.archive.org/web/20150326124630/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scieneer_Common_Lisp",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "algol-n",
    "name": "ALGOL N",
    "appeared": 1967,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4707,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17538,
    "hoplId": 1809,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1969,
    "wikipedia_related": "algol-60 algol-68",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ALGOL N is the name of a successor to ALGOL 60 designed in Japan with the aim of being as powerful as ALGOL 68 but as simple as ALGOL 60. The language was proposed by Nobuo Yoneda. Algol N tried to use extensibility in order to solve the problem that programming language designers faced when trying to make an inextensible language for everything or having to make many languages, one for each domain. It avoided coercion while not making things difficult for programmers. The letter 'N' is short for 'Nippon', or Japan in Japanese.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 21,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 946649,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL_N",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1809"
  },
  {
    "id": "grml",
    "name": "GRML",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4708,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17538,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2005,
    "wikipedia_related": "html xml",
    "wikipedia_summary": "GRML – an acronym for General Reuse Markup Language – is a markup language similar to HTML and XML, using tags to organize data in files and web pages. Data is organized in columns and rows. Tags are used to define forms, images, and hyper-linking. Its syntax, like HTML, is based on a simplified subset of SGML. GRML is not in very wide use as of May 2005.  GRML is a data-oriented format which defines data content rather than data presentation; the file or web browser determines how data is displayed. This is the same goal as HTML's separating CSS from HTML, moving away from <font> tags, but GRML takes it even further. One of the key aims in creating the format was to separate \"views\" of the data from \"forms\" used to manipulate it. It is also a common result of a typographical error when attempting to type HTML, because HT and GR are adjacent on a Qwerty keyboard.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 26,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1227027,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRML",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "thinglab",
    "name": "ThingLab",
    "appeared": 1979,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4709,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17538,
    "hoplId": 980,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1978,
    "wikipedia_related": "smalltalk",
    "wikipedia_summary": "ThingLab is a visual programming environment implemented in Smalltalk and designed at Xerox PARC by Alan Borning. A conventional system allows a user to provide inputs that produce outputs.  A constraint-oriented system, such as ThingLab, allows the user to provide arbitrary inputs or outputs, then solves for whatever is unknown. ThingLab is viewed as one of the earliest constraint-oriented systems.ThingLab is credited in \"Fumbling the Future\" as a big reason Xerox continued to fund computer development.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 3,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 19,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4288444,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ThingLab",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=980"
  },
  {
    "id": "vlibtemplate",
    "name": "VlibTemplate",
    "appeared": 2003,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "template",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4710,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 17538,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "template",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_related": "php html mysql postgresql",
    "wikipedia_summary": "vlibTemplate is a template engine written in PHP. Programmers and web developers may use it for web development. vlibTemplate is a PHP class that is intended to make splitting PHP from HTML a simple and natural task, using markup tags. This class allows users to set values for variables, loops, if statements, etc. which are declared in the template. vlibTemplate is a part of vLIB. It has an interface to vlibDate and vlibMimeMail.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 2,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 31,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3183049,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "fileType": "text",
    "wikipedia_example": "require_once 'vlib/vlibTemplate.php';  $tmpl = new vlibTemplate('tmpl/basic.htm');  $tmpl->setvar('title_text', 'TITLE: This is the vLIB basic example ...'); $tmpl->setvar('body_text', 'BODY: This is the message set using setvar()'); $tmpl->setvar('div_cont' , 'DIV : This is div paragraph'); $tmpl->pparse();",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VlibTemplate",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "wsfn-programming-language",
    "name": "WSFN",
    "appeared": 1983,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4711,
    "exampleCount": 1,
    "pldbScore": 17538,
    "hoplId": 1065,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1977,
    "wikipedia_related": "li-chen-wang tiny-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "WSFN (Which Stands for Nothing) is an interpreted programming language for controlling robots created by Li-Chen Wang. It was designed to be as small as possible, a \"tiny\" language, similar to Wang's earlier effort, Palo Alto Tiny BASIC. WSFN was first published in Dr. Dobb's Journal in September 1977. The language consists primarily of single-letter commands to tell a robot to move in certain directions, while other commands perform tests or basic mathematical operations. These can be grouped into named macros to produce more complex programs. The original version also included code that simulated the robot as a cursor on the VDM-1 display, or graphically on a Cromemco Dazzler display. Today, this is known as turtle graphics. Extended WSFN is an implementation created for the Atari 8-bit family of home computers written by Harry Stewart and published by the Atari Program Exchange in 1981. In addition to supporting turtle graphics, it adds a number of commands to control the graphics and sound capabilities of that platform. It was offered as a \"beginner's language with emphasis on graphics\".",
    "wikipedia_created": 2008,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 3,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 12,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 74,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 15264750,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 35,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia_example": "DIT(-I2FI5RG5RI2FI+)2R DG4F DY (HN63F2R61FRC4 (2FI))",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WSFN_%28programming_language%29",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0,
    "hopl": "https://hopl.info/showlanguage.prx?exp=1065"
  },
  {
    "id": "vilnius-basic",
    "name": "Vilnius BASIC",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4712,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17514,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1986,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic msx-basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Vilnius BASIC is a dialect of the BASIC programming language running on the Elektronika BK-0010-01/BK-0011M and UKNC computers.It was a quite advanced BASIC and featured a runtime threaded code compiler that compiled the program when one entered the RUN command. The dialect was very close to MSX BASIC. The major differences were the lack of the PLAY, SOUND, VPOKE and PUT SPRITE operators, the inability to open several files at the same time, and the inability to use more than one operator on one line. Only the UKNC version had a full-screen editor. Machine-dependent features, like graphics operators parameters  and PEEK/POKE addresses were also different. The software was developed at Vilnius University, located in Lithuania which was a republic of the Soviet Union at the time.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2004,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 92,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 76,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 1172241,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 55,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 5,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilnius_BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "xgmml",
    "name": "XGMML",
    "appeared": 2006,
    "measurements": 5,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4713,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17514,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_related": "xml graph-modeling-language sgml",
    "wikipedia_summary": "XGMML (the eXtensible Graph Markup and Modeling Language) is an XML application based on GML which is used for graph description. Technically, while GML is not related to XML nor SGML, XGMML is an XML application that is so designed that there's a 1:1 relation towards GML for trivial conversion between the two formats.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 7,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 18,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 34,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 4843588,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 55,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 5,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XGMML",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "alphabasic",
    "name": "AlphaBasic",
    "appeared": 1976,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4714,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17475,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 1976,
    "wikipedia_related": "assembly-language",
    "wikipedia_summary": "AlphaBASIC is a computer programming language created by Alpha Microsystems in 1976. The language was written by Alpha Microsystems employees Paul Edelstein, Dick Wilcox and Bob Courier.",
    "wikipedia_created": 2005,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 7,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 23,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 3555159,
    "lab": "Alpha Microsystems",
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaBasic",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "tiger-basic",
    "name": "Tiger-BASIC",
    "appeared": 1986,
    "measurements": 6,
    "tags": "pl",
    "foundationScore": 0,
    "rank": 4715,
    "exampleCount": 0,
    "pldbScore": 17475,
    "isLanguage": true,
    "inboundLinksCount": 0,
    "primaryTag": "pl",
    "isFinished": false,
    "wikipedia_appeared": 2010,
    "wikipedia_related": "basic",
    "wikipedia_summary": "Tiger-BASIC is a high speed multitasking BASIC dialect (List of BASIC dialects) to program microcontrollers of the BASIC-Tiger family. Tiger-BASIC and the integrated development environment which goes with it, were developed by Wilke-Technology (Aachen, Germany).",
    "wikipedia_created": 2006,
    "wikipedia_dailyPageViews": 2,
    "wikipedia_backlinksCount": 8,
    "wikipedia_revisionCount": 14,
    "wikipedia_pageId": 6746402,
    "numberOfUsersEstimate": 30,
    "numberOfJobsEstimate": 0,
    "expandedMeasurements": 6,
    "reference": "https://wilke.de/en/embedded-computer/details/products/basic-tiger-multitasking-computer.html",
    "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger-BASIC",
    "bookCount": 0,
    "paperCount": 0
  },
  {
    "id": "visual-dataflex",
    "name": "Visual DataFlex",
    "appeared": 1982,
    "measurements": 5,
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